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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
antiparallel beta sheet
D- glyceraldehyde
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
2. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
quaternary structure
glycerol
aldose
7.4
3. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
D- amino acid
starch
epimers
4. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
optical activity
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
5. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
anomers
Ka
only achiral amino acid
starch
6. Formula for urea
maltase
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
NH2CONH2
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
7. Name for 5 membered ring
starch
glycerol
furanose
absolute configuration
8. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
amphoteric
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
9. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
peptide bond
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
furanose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
10. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
ketose
will have pI of 6
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
11. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
isomers
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
D- glyceraldehyde
alpha helix
12. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
7.4
stereoisomers
unsaturated fatty acid
pyranose
13. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
Characteristics of the peptide bond
will have pI of 6
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
14. Acidic amino acids
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
starch
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
15. Name for 6 membered ring
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
disulfide bond
pyranose
cysteine and methionine
16. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
quaternary structure
pI
primary structure
amphoteric
17. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
saturated fatty acid
starch
lipases
peptide bond
18. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
stereoisomers
D- glyceraldehyde
isomers
lactase
19. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
cysteine and methionine
7.4
amphoteric
glycerol
20. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
stereoisomers
packing and energy content
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
lactase
21. Unique feature of proline
D- amino acid
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
22. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
have amino group in their side chains
triacylglycerol
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
antiparallel beta sheet
23. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
starch
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
saturated fatty acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
24. Histidine
quaternary structure
anomers
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
L- configuration
25. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
triacylglycerol
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
anomers
disulfide bond
26. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
ketose
unsaturated fatty acid
saturated fatty acid
27. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
epimers
cysteine and methionine
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
saturated fatty acid
28. D and L describe what?
epimers
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
Characteristics of the peptide bond
isomers
29. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
histidine - arginine - lysine
D- amino acid
pI
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
30. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
packing and energy content
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
stereoisomers
31. Basic amino acids
Ka
histidine - arginine - lysine
amphipathic
lactase
32. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
aldose
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
glycerol
33. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
tertiary structure
lactase
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
alpha helix
34. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
maltase
absolute configuration
35. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
maltase
alpha helix
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
36. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
starch
L- configuration
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
37. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
parallel beta sheet
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
ketose
primary structure
38. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
anomeric carbon
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
starch
Ka
39. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
Beta pleated sheet
have amino group in their side chains
NH2CONH2
40. Hydrolysis
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
addition of water across of a bond
histidine - arginine - lysine
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
41. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
epimers
NH2CONH2
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
anomers
42. Sulfur containing amino acids
L- configuration
cysteine and methionine
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
furanose
43. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
tertiary structure
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
D- amino acid
44. Fatty acid structure
parallel beta sheet
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
45. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
phospholipids
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
tertiary structure
46. Unique feature of cysteine
anomeric carbon
packing and energy content
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
47. Interconversion btw two anomers
mutarotation
amphipathic
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
48. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
D- glyceraldehyde
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
secondary structure
49. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
stereoisomers
have amino group in their side chains
Beta pleated sheet
amphoteric
50. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal