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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Interconversion btw two anomers
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
mutarotation
Ka
quaternary structure
2. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
L- configuration
Beta pleated sheet
NH2CONH2
D- amino acid
3. Unique feature of proline
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
primary structure
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
4. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
have amino group in their side chains
lactase
stereoisomers
Proteins
5. Polar amino acids
Characteristics of the peptide bond
glycerol
optical activity
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
6. Hydrophilic amino acids
amphoteric
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
lactase
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
7. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
furanose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
will have pI of 6
amphoteric
8. Formula for urea
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
NH2CONH2
will have pI of 6
9. (R) and (S) describe what?
absolute configuration
ketose
starch
anomers
10. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
saturated fatty acid
stereoisomers
Ka
triacylglycerol
11. Name for 6 membered ring
amphipathic
pyranose
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
secondary structure
12. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
Proteins
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
13. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
anomeric carbon
14. Histidine
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
CH3COOH
isomers
unsaturated fatty acid
15. Unique feature of cysteine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
secondary structure
quaternary structure
parallel beta sheet
16. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
will have pI of 6
antiparallel beta sheet
epimers
unsaturated fatty acid
17. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
pI
L- configuration
18. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
triacylglycerol
secondary structure
amphoteric
19. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glycerol
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
20. Basic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
only achiral amino acid
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
21. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
addition of water across of a bond
alpha helix
Proteins
furanose
22. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
starch
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
will have pI of 6
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
23. D and L describe what?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
optical activity
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
disulfide bond
24. 3 physiological roles of lipids
ketose
packing and energy content
disulfide bond
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
25. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
quaternary structure
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
26. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
packing and energy content
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
quaternary structure
isoelectric point
27. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
parallel beta sheet
peptide bond
28. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
absolute configuration
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
NH2CONH2
L- amino acid
29. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
stereoisomers
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
CH3COOH
isomers
30. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
parallel beta sheet
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
antiparallel beta sheet
triacylglycerol
31. Glyceraldehyde
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
primary structure
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
32. Name for 5 membered ring
starch
saturated fatty acid
phospholipids
furanose
33. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
histidine - arginine - lysine
primary structure
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
34. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
7.4
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
35. (+) and (-) describe what?
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
alpha helix
L- amino acid
optical activity
36. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
histidine - arginine - lysine
glycogen
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
quaternary structure
37. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
packing and energy content
starch
38. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
pI
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
39. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
glycogen
saturated fatty acid
40. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
Proteins
Beta pleated sheet
peptide bond
41. Fatty acid structure
parallel beta sheet
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
42. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
L- configuration
lactase
D- glyceraldehyde
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
43. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
isomers
ketose
peptide bond
addition of water across of a bond
44. Characteristic of basic amino acids
isoelectric point
triacylglycerol
have amino group in their side chains
lipases
45. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
D- glyceraldehyde
aldose
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
46. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
isoelectric point
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
47. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glycerol
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
disulfide bond
48. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
disulfide bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
will have pI of 6
pI
49. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
secondary structure
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
lipases
histidine - arginine - lysine
50. Unique feature of glycine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
starch
only achiral amino acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis