SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
Beta pleated sheet
phospholipids
addition of water across of a bond
2. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
absolute configuration
mutarotation
lactase
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
3. Unique feature of proline
have amino group in their side chains
isoelectric point
disulfide bond
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
4. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
7.4
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
secondary structure
D- amino acid
5. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
phospholipids
tertiary structure
isomers
glycerol
6. Name for 5 membered ring
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
furanose
aldose
parallel beta sheet
7. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
Beta pleated sheet
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
peptide bond
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
8. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
isoelectric point
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
D- glyceraldehyde
amphipathic
9. Characteristics of polar amino acids
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
10. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
furanose
D- glyceraldehyde
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
glycogen
11. Physiological pH
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
7.4
disulfide bond
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
12. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
unsaturated fatty acid
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
13. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
histidine - arginine - lysine
Ka
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
only achiral amino acid
14. (+) and (-) describe what?
optical activity
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
saturated fatty acid
15. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
Beta pleated sheet
saturated fatty acid
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
16. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
D- amino acid
7.4
isomers
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
17. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
alpha helix
disulfide bond
cysteine and methionine
quaternary structure
18. Sulfur containing amino acids
mutarotation
cysteine and methionine
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
amphipathic
19. (R) and (S) describe what?
absolute configuration
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
20. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
absolute configuration
pyranose
parallel beta sheet
21. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
triacylglycerol
absolute configuration
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
22. 3 physiological roles of lipids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
unsaturated fatty acid
23. Interconversion btw two anomers
CH3COOH
mutarotation
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
24. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
maltase
primary structure
D- glyceraldehyde
Ka
25. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
furanose
disulfide bond
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
26. Unique feature of glycine
only achiral amino acid
cysteine and methionine
stereoisomers
absolute configuration
27. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
pyranose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
tertiary structure
28. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
Characteristics of the peptide bond
L- amino acid
pI
addition of water across of a bond
29. Acetic acid formula?
L- amino acid
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
CH3COOH
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
30. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
glycerol
anomeric carbon
antiparallel beta sheet
31. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
antiparallel beta sheet
anomeric carbon
secondary structure
stereoisomers
32. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
unsaturated fatty acid
Characteristics of the peptide bond
D- glyceraldehyde
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
33. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
absolute configuration
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
CH3COOH
34. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
CH3COOH
amphipathic
triacylglycerol
35. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
will have pI of 6
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
aldose
36. Glyceraldehyde
pyranose
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
Ka
37. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
isoelectric point
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
L- amino acid
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
38. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
39. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
only achiral amino acid
isoelectric point
anomers
40. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
peptide bond
ketose
L- amino acid
primary structure
41. Fatty acid structure
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
only achiral amino acid
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
42. Formula for urea
Ka
D- glyceraldehyde
NH2CONH2
L- configuration
43. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
NH2CONH2
packing and energy content
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
7.4
44. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
cysteine and methionine
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
Characteristics of the peptide bond
parallel beta sheet
45. Name for 6 membered ring
secondary structure
pyranose
starch
optical activity
46. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
anomers
tertiary structure
Proteins
optical activity
47. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
secondary structure
triacylglycerol
48. Hydrolysis
furanose
addition of water across of a bond
triacylglycerol
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
49. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
aldose
packing and energy content
amphipathic
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
50. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
maltase
optical activity
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
lipases