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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name for 6 membered ring
histidine - arginine - lysine
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
disulfide bond
pyranose
2. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
tertiary structure
7.4
D- glyceraldehyde
ketose
3. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
Ka
stereoisomers
Characteristics of the peptide bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
4. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
parallel beta sheet
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
saturated fatty acid
phospholipids
5. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
secondary structure
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
amphipathic
6. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
will have pI of 6
stereoisomers
7. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
epimers
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
Proteins
unsaturated fatty acid
8. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
primary structure
pI
pyranose
lipases
9. Formula for urea
NH2CONH2
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
isoelectric point
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
10. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
amphipathic
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
L- configuration
11. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
disulfide bond
amphoteric
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
12. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
amphipathic
L- configuration
antiparallel beta sheet
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
13. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
CH3COOH
pI
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
14. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
anomeric carbon
triacylglycerol
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
15. Unique feature of glycine
anomers
Characteristics of the peptide bond
L- amino acid
only achiral amino acid
16. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
7.4
Proteins
antiparallel beta sheet
anomers
17. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
amphipathic
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
tertiary structure
18. D and L describe what?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
mutarotation
packing and energy content
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
19. Unique feature of cysteine
stereoisomers
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
anomeric carbon
mutarotation
20. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
optical activity
saturated fatty acid
furanose
glycerol
21. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
aldose
ketose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
Proteins
22. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
isoelectric point
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
23. Name for 5 membered ring
primary structure
furanose
packing and energy content
NH2CONH2
24. Sulfur containing amino acids
ketose
parallel beta sheet
cysteine and methionine
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
25. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
L- configuration
parallel beta sheet
glycogen
mutarotation
26. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
phospholipids
parallel beta sheet
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
unsaturated fatty acid
27. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
will have pI of 6
NH2CONH2
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
primary structure
28. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
pI
29. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
absolute configuration
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
peptide bond
antiparallel beta sheet
30. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
Proteins
mutarotation
D- glyceraldehyde
31. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
alpha helix
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
parallel beta sheet
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
32. Unique feature of proline
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
unsaturated fatty acid
triacylglycerol
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
33. Glyceraldehyde
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
D- glyceraldehyde
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
34. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
peptide bond
CH3COOH
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
35. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
epimers
D- glyceraldehyde
anomers
cysteine and methionine
36. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
glycogen
NH2CONH2
37. Acetic acid formula?
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
CH3COOH
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
38. Fatty acid structure
addition of water across of a bond
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
39. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
amphipathic
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
alpha helix
ketose
40. Characteristic of basic amino acids
have amino group in their side chains
triacylglycerol
glycerol
epimers
41. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
glycogen
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
starch
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
42. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
D- glyceraldehyde
amphipathic
lactase
43. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
starch
anomeric carbon
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
secondary structure
44. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
parallel beta sheet
L- amino acid
aldose
quaternary structure
45. Hydrophilic amino acids
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
disulfide bond
have amino group in their side chains
46. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
Proteins
absolute configuration
unsaturated fatty acid
stereoisomers
47. Acidic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
will have pI of 6
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
48. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
secondary structure
only achiral amino acid
ketose
maltase
49. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
pI
disulfide bond
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
lipases
50. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
histidine - arginine - lysine
aldose
triacylglycerol
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)