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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
alpha helix
aldose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
2. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
aldose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
tertiary structure
3. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
will have pI of 6
Characteristics of the peptide bond
starch
L- amino acid
4. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
peptide bond
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
5. Formula for urea
primary structure
NH2CONH2
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
Beta pleated sheet
6. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
only achiral amino acid
glycogen
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
7. Hydrophilic amino acids
L- amino acid
aldose
unsaturated fatty acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
8. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
Ka
lipases
unsaturated fatty acid
9. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
ketose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
Ka
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
10. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
absolute configuration
L- amino acid
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
CH3COOH
11. Sulfur containing amino acids
cysteine and methionine
tertiary structure
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
absolute configuration
12. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
secondary structure
peptide bond
13. Glyceraldehyde
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
lipases
alpha helix
14. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
packing and energy content
tertiary structure
stereoisomers
15. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
addition of water across of a bond
saturated fatty acid
tertiary structure
anomers
16. D and L describe what?
peptide bond
isomers
absolute configuration
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
17. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
maltase
Proteins
furanose
18. (R) and (S) describe what?
absolute configuration
antiparallel beta sheet
phospholipids
pI
19. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
D- glyceraldehyde
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
cysteine and methionine
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
20. Basic amino acids
D- glyceraldehyde
Characteristics of the peptide bond
isoelectric point
histidine - arginine - lysine
21. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
alpha helix
amphoteric
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
disulfide bond
22. Name for 6 membered ring
stereoisomers
pyranose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
anomeric carbon
23. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
amphipathic
will have pI of 6
absolute configuration
starch
24. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycogen
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
glycerol
aldose
25. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
histidine - arginine - lysine
glycerol
isomers
cysteine and methionine
26. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
cysteine and methionine
ketose
quaternary structure
maltase
27. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
glycerol
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
antiparallel beta sheet
saturated fatty acid
28. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
will have pI of 6
primary structure
amphoteric
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
29. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
primary structure
unsaturated fatty acid
furanose
peptide bond
30. Unique feature of cysteine
addition of water across of a bond
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
D- amino acid
31. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
amphoteric
anomers
peptide bond
Beta pleated sheet
32. Fatty acid structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
lactase
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
parallel beta sheet
33. Acetic acid formula?
antiparallel beta sheet
isoelectric point
anomers
CH3COOH
34. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
Characteristics of the peptide bond
Beta pleated sheet
disulfide bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
35. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
Characteristics of the peptide bond
aldose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
36. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
37. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
pyranose
absolute configuration
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
isoelectric point
38. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
D- amino acid
Proteins
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
have amino group in their side chains
39. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
mutarotation
histidine - arginine - lysine
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
40. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
alpha helix
maltase
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
41. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
epimers
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
secondary structure
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
42. Interconversion btw two anomers
tertiary structure
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
mutarotation
lipases
43. Histidine
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
furanose
absolute configuration
antiparallel beta sheet
44. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
isomers
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
D- glyceraldehyde
lipases
45. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
isomers
amphipathic
46. Unique feature of proline
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
47. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
amphipathic
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
unsaturated fatty acid
anomeric carbon
48. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
CH3COOH
secondary structure
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
49. Physiological pH
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
triacylglycerol
stereoisomers
7.4
50. Characteristic of basic amino acids
lactase
have amino group in their side chains
cysteine and methionine
L- configuration