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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
lactase
cysteine and methionine
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
2. Unique feature of proline
parallel beta sheet
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
3. (R) and (S) describe what?
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
disulfide bond
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
absolute configuration
4. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
pI
cysteine and methionine
D- glyceraldehyde
5. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
D- glyceraldehyde
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
Characteristics of the peptide bond
anomeric carbon
6. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
disulfide bond
peptide bond
Ka
D- amino acid
7. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
phospholipids
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
secondary structure
8. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
tertiary structure
aldose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
9. Basic amino acids
saturated fatty acid
histidine - arginine - lysine
will have pI of 6
CH3COOH
10. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
lipases
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
quaternary structure
11. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
CH3COOH
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
saturated fatty acid
anomeric carbon
12. Name for 5 membered ring
furanose
NH2CONH2
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
cysteine and methionine
13. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
CH3COOH
tertiary structure
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
14. Name for 6 membered ring
isoelectric point
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
pyranose
Characteristics of the peptide bond
15. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
tertiary structure
amphipathic
primary structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
16. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
mutarotation
L- amino acid
triacylglycerol
pI
17. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
isomers
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
saturated fatty acid
18. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
will have pI of 6
mutarotation
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
anomers
19. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
pI
L- amino acid
ketose
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
20. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
packing and energy content
will have pI of 6
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
parallel beta sheet
21. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
parallel beta sheet
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
starch
22. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
isoelectric point
will have pI of 6
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
23. Unique feature of cysteine
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
L- configuration
cysteine and methionine
24. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
L- configuration
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
glycerol
glycogen
25. Hydrolysis
packing and energy content
starch
addition of water across of a bond
isoelectric point
26. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
Proteins
epimers
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
27. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
mutarotation
triacylglycerol
28. Characteristic of basic amino acids
secondary structure
starch
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
have amino group in their side chains
29. Interconversion btw two anomers
ketose
Characteristics of the peptide bond
antiparallel beta sheet
mutarotation
30. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
antiparallel beta sheet
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
peptide bond
unsaturated fatty acid
31. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
Proteins
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
phospholipids
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
32. Physiological pH
furanose
7.4
pI
histidine - arginine - lysine
33. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
starch
aldose
pI
D- glyceraldehyde
34. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
amphoteric
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
cysteine and methionine
35. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
absolute configuration
amphipathic
NH2CONH2
36. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
absolute configuration
NH2CONH2
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
anomeric carbon
37. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
antiparallel beta sheet
triacylglycerol
absolute configuration
isomers
38. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
amphipathic
starch
pI
quaternary structure
39. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
pI
stereoisomers
anomeric carbon
triacylglycerol
40. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
pyranose
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
packing and energy content
histidine - arginine - lysine
41. Sulfur containing amino acids
7.4
unsaturated fatty acid
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
cysteine and methionine
42. Histidine
CH3COOH
saturated fatty acid
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
Characteristics of the peptide bond
43. Acetic acid formula?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
saturated fatty acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
CH3COOH
44. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
will have pI of 6
NH2CONH2
45. Glyceraldehyde
ketose
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
alpha helix
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
46. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
packing and energy content
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
CH3COOH
47. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
primary structure
have amino group in their side chains
L- configuration
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
48. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
tertiary structure
pyranose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
stereoisomers
49. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
addition of water across of a bond
will have pI of 6
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
50. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
anomers
CH3COOH
L- configuration
glycogen