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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
optical activity
disulfide bond
NH2CONH2
2. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
D- glyceraldehyde
quaternary structure
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
3. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
starch
4. Unique feature of glycine
antiparallel beta sheet
epimers
will have pI of 6
only achiral amino acid
5. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
quaternary structure
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
6. Name for 6 membered ring
Proteins
pyranose
parallel beta sheet
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
7. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
quaternary structure
lipases
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
8. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
D- glyceraldehyde
lipases
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
9. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
D- amino acid
epimers
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
starch
10. Interconversion btw two anomers
CH3COOH
mutarotation
maltase
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
11. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
quaternary structure
lactase
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
12. (R) and (S) describe what?
unsaturated fatty acid
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
addition of water across of a bond
absolute configuration
13. Sulfur containing amino acids
cysteine and methionine
pyranose
tertiary structure
histidine - arginine - lysine
14. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
D- glyceraldehyde
NH2CONH2
L- amino acid
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
15. D and L describe what?
antiparallel beta sheet
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
NH2CONH2
stereoisomers
16. Hydrophilic amino acids
phospholipids
tertiary structure
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
unsaturated fatty acid
17. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
mutarotation
have amino group in their side chains
glycerol
18. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
primary structure
absolute configuration
phospholipids
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
19. Characteristic of basic amino acids
have amino group in their side chains
D- amino acid
histidine - arginine - lysine
saturated fatty acid
20. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
glycogen
glycerol
maltase
Beta pleated sheet
21. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
glycogen
pyranose
lipases
22. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
aldose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
23. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
anomers
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
D- glyceraldehyde
24. Formula for urea
NH2CONH2
glycogen
amphoteric
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
25. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
L- configuration
L- amino acid
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
optical activity
26. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
antiparallel beta sheet
Beta pleated sheet
will have pI of 6
L- amino acid
27. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
secondary structure
isomers
lactase
peptide bond
28. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
alpha helix
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
epimers
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
29. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
stereoisomers
ketose
CH3COOH
addition of water across of a bond
30. Physiological pH
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
Beta pleated sheet
7.4
Characteristics of the peptide bond
31. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
have amino group in their side chains
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
parallel beta sheet
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
32. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
will have pI of 6
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
pyranose
pI
33. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
7.4
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
histidine - arginine - lysine
34. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
amphipathic
lipases
disulfide bond
packing and energy content
35. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
unsaturated fatty acid
packing and energy content
quaternary structure
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
36. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
packing and energy content
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
primary structure
37. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
addition of water across of a bond
isomers
aldose
38. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
pI
lipases
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
saturated fatty acid
39. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
amphoteric
disulfide bond
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
40. Unique feature of cysteine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
saturated fatty acid
histidine - arginine - lysine
41. Name for 5 membered ring
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
furanose
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
starch
42. Histidine
lactase
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
isomers
43. Characteristics of polar amino acids
triacylglycerol
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
optical activity
parallel beta sheet
44. Hydrolysis
addition of water across of a bond
epimers
Characteristics of the peptide bond
parallel beta sheet
45. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
lipases
glycogen
primary structure
parallel beta sheet
46. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
tertiary structure
peptide bond
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
47. (+) and (-) describe what?
amphipathic
optical activity
Characteristics of the peptide bond
peptide bond
48. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
NH2CONH2
49. Basic amino acids
NH2CONH2
L- amino acid
amphoteric
histidine - arginine - lysine
50. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
Proteins
epimers
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine