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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
L- amino acid
ketose
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
phospholipids
2. 3 physiological roles of lipids
maltase
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
lipases
antiparallel beta sheet
3. Physiological pH
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
7.4
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
addition of water across of a bond
4. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
optical activity
D- glyceraldehyde
7.4
5. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glycogen
anomers
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
6. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
anomers
histidine - arginine - lysine
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
absolute configuration
7. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
amphipathic
isoelectric point
parallel beta sheet
packing and energy content
8. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
anomers
Beta pleated sheet
aldose
alpha helix
9. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
Proteins
7.4
disulfide bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
10. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
glycogen
tertiary structure
11. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
peptide bond
tertiary structure
7.4
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
12. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
only achiral amino acid
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
tertiary structure
parallel beta sheet
13. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
Proteins
D- glyceraldehyde
epimers
secondary structure
14. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
7.4
pI
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
15. Unique feature of glycine
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
L- configuration
only achiral amino acid
phospholipids
16. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
CH3COOH
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
packing and energy content
7.4
17. Glyceraldehyde
glycerol
amphipathic
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
18. (+) and (-) describe what?
optical activity
packing and energy content
Ka
triacylglycerol
19. Interconversion btw two anomers
mutarotation
CH3COOH
Beta pleated sheet
primary structure
20. Hydrophilic amino acids
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
maltase
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
21. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
disulfide bond
aldose
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
22. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
optical activity
amphipathic
quaternary structure
Proteins
23. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
secondary structure
Proteins
saturated fatty acid
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
24. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
primary structure
stereoisomers
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
alpha helix
25. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
phospholipids
D- amino acid
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
26. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
D- glyceraldehyde
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
7.4
27. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
triacylglycerol
amphoteric
anomers
parallel beta sheet
28. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
Characteristics of the peptide bond
quaternary structure
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
will have pI of 6
29. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
phospholipids
secondary structure
quaternary structure
Beta pleated sheet
30. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
will have pI of 6
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
mutarotation
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
31. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
saturated fatty acid
secondary structure
isoelectric point
L- configuration
32. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
unsaturated fatty acid
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
33. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
lipases
primary structure
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
34. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
aldose
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
stereoisomers
isomers
35. D and L describe what?
will have pI of 6
epimers
aldose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
36. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
only achiral amino acid
maltase
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
antiparallel beta sheet
37. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
anomeric carbon
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
38. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
have amino group in their side chains
lipases
ketose
tertiary structure
39. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
isomers
Ka
phospholipids
addition of water across of a bond
40. Acetic acid formula?
phospholipids
lipases
CH3COOH
pI
41. Hydrolysis
quaternary structure
addition of water across of a bond
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
isomers
42. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
glycerol
triacylglycerol
furanose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
43. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
amphoteric
Beta pleated sheet
D- amino acid
lipases
44. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
anomeric carbon
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
45. Sulfur containing amino acids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
cysteine and methionine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
46. Name for 5 membered ring
lactase
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
D- amino acid
furanose
47. (R) and (S) describe what?
absolute configuration
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
secondary structure
phospholipids
48. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
anomers
CH3COOH
stereoisomers
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
49. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
mutarotation
saturated fatty acid
unsaturated fatty acid
will have pI of 6
50. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
lactase