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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
anomers
2. Fatty acid structure
unsaturated fatty acid
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
phospholipids
3. Basic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
tertiary structure
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
4. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
peptide bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
ketose
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
5. Unique feature of glycine
only achiral amino acid
amphoteric
packing and energy content
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
6. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
Proteins
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glycerol
7. Formula for urea
disulfide bond
epimers
Ka
NH2CONH2
8. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
secondary structure
parallel beta sheet
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
9. Name for 5 membered ring
have amino group in their side chains
furanose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
phospholipids
10. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
primary structure
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
packing and energy content
amphoteric
11. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
glycerol
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
lactase
epimers
12. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
maltase
glycogen
triacylglycerol
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
13. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
parallel beta sheet
14. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
quaternary structure
will have pI of 6
isomers
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
15. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
NH2CONH2
D- amino acid
glycerol
16. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
maltase
anomeric carbon
starch
17. Unique feature of cysteine
amphoteric
D- amino acid
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
peptide bond
18. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
anomers
maltase
lipases
19. Hydrolysis
saturated fatty acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
epimers
addition of water across of a bond
20. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
L- amino acid
anomers
21. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
CH3COOH
secondary structure
anomers
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
22. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
isoelectric point
unsaturated fatty acid
23. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
Ka
lactase
24. Characteristic of basic amino acids
disulfide bond
parallel beta sheet
Beta pleated sheet
have amino group in their side chains
25. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
addition of water across of a bond
26. Histidine
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
maltase
stereoisomers
27. (+) and (-) describe what?
furanose
tertiary structure
optical activity
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
28. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
D- glyceraldehyde
peptide bond
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
triacylglycerol
29. Unique feature of proline
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
will have pI of 6
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
30. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
anomeric carbon
triacylglycerol
Proteins
isomers
31. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
epimers
Proteins
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
32. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have amino group in their side chains
7.4
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
glycogen
33. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
NH2CONH2
Ka
furanose
34. Acetic acid formula?
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
histidine - arginine - lysine
CH3COOH
triacylglycerol
35. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
tertiary structure
L- amino acid
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
pI
36. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
starch
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
37. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
optical activity
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
disulfide bond
tertiary structure
38. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
quaternary structure
amphoteric
peptide bond
39. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
tertiary structure
peptide bond
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
lactase
40. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
isomers
saturated fatty acid
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
epimers
41. Physiological pH
7.4
epimers
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
42. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
aldose
disulfide bond
lipases
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
43. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
aldose
ketose
44. D and L describe what?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
maltase
stereoisomers
Ka
45. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
isomers
will have pI of 6
quaternary structure
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
46. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycogen
L- amino acid
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
47. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
starch
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
glycogen
48. Polar amino acids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
anomers
parallel beta sheet
D- glyceraldehyde
49. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
Proteins
50. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
unsaturated fatty acid
glycogen
Ka
L- amino acid