SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hydrolysis
amphipathic
addition of water across of a bond
epimers
mutarotation
2. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
have amino group in their side chains
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
secondary structure
3. Histidine
stereoisomers
amphoteric
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
4. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
packing and energy content
maltase
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
disulfide bond
5. Physiological pH
7.4
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
disulfide bond
6. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
antiparallel beta sheet
phospholipids
starch
triacylglycerol
7. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
optical activity
L- amino acid
quaternary structure
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
8. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
secondary structure
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
starch
CH3COOH
9. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
saturated fatty acid
Ka
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
ketose
10. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
L- amino acid
starch
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
Beta pleated sheet
11. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
aldose
L- configuration
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
pI
12. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
Beta pleated sheet
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
13. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
pyranose
NH2CONH2
packing and energy content
14. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
peptide bond
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
tertiary structure
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
15. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
have amino group in their side chains
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
disulfide bond
16. D and L describe what?
packing and energy content
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
17. Interconversion btw two anomers
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
mutarotation
triacylglycerol
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
18. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
L- configuration
isoelectric point
stereoisomers
19. Characteristic of basic amino acids
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
NH2CONH2
have amino group in their side chains
pyranose
20. Unique feature of proline
Proteins
peptide bond
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
saturated fatty acid
21. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
D- glyceraldehyde
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
packing and energy content
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
22. (R) and (S) describe what?
absolute configuration
amphoteric
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
Ka
23. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
phospholipids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
will have pI of 6
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
24. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
D- amino acid
saturated fatty acid
amphipathic
lactase
25. Polar amino acids
peptide bond
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
lipases
anomeric carbon
26. Fatty acid structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
disulfide bond
mutarotation
only achiral amino acid
27. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
peptide bond
D- glyceraldehyde
epimers
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
28. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
alpha helix
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
unsaturated fatty acid
29. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
parallel beta sheet
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
30. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
L- configuration
7.4
furanose
anomers
31. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
amphoteric
32. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
secondary structure
L- amino acid
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
33. Acetic acid formula?
maltase
CH3COOH
histidine - arginine - lysine
amphipathic
34. (+) and (-) describe what?
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
optical activity
aldose
Beta pleated sheet
35. 3 physiological roles of lipids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
amphipathic
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
parallel beta sheet
36. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
only achiral amino acid
CH3COOH
peptide bond
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
37. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
L- configuration
7.4
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
38. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
glycerol
amphoteric
anomeric carbon
maltase
39. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
primary structure
secondary structure
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
Beta pleated sheet
40. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
antiparallel beta sheet
tertiary structure
absolute configuration
parallel beta sheet
41. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
phospholipids
Proteins
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
isomers
42. Basic amino acids
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
amphipathic
pI
histidine - arginine - lysine
43. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
saturated fatty acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
lactase
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
44. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
D- amino acid
furanose
mutarotation
glycogen
45. Sulfur containing amino acids
addition of water across of a bond
isoelectric point
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
cysteine and methionine
46. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
pyranose
CH3COOH
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
47. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
isomers
mutarotation
lipases
starch
48. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
NH2CONH2
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
isomers
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
49. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
starch
histidine - arginine - lysine
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
50. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
lactase
D- amino acid
Proteins