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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Characteristic of basic amino acids
isoelectric point
cysteine and methionine
mutarotation
have amino group in their side chains
2. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
addition of water across of a bond
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
disulfide bond
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
3. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
addition of water across of a bond
4. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
furanose
amphoteric
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
5. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
L- configuration
parallel beta sheet
isomers
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
6. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
lipases
Beta pleated sheet
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
7. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
anomeric carbon
ketose
anomers
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
8. Characteristics of polar amino acids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
starch
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
lipases
9. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
disulfide bond
glycerol
stereoisomers
isoelectric point
10. Glyceraldehyde
L- configuration
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
starch
11. Hydrolysis
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
addition of water across of a bond
parallel beta sheet
quaternary structure
12. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
maltase
Proteins
saturated fatty acid
L- amino acid
13. Name for 5 membered ring
epimers
furanose
glycerol
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
14. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
secondary structure
alpha helix
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
15. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
stereoisomers
will have pI of 6
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
antiparallel beta sheet
16. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
maltase
antiparallel beta sheet
anomers
anomeric carbon
17. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
Characteristics of the peptide bond
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
maltase
anomers
18. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
D- glyceraldehyde
amphoteric
peptide bond
furanose
19. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
lactase
antiparallel beta sheet
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
20. Interconversion btw two anomers
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
mutarotation
cysteine and methionine
antiparallel beta sheet
21. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
packing and energy content
optical activity
Beta pleated sheet
22. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
primary structure
have amino group in their side chains
quaternary structure
23. Unique feature of glycine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
only achiral amino acid
24. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
stereoisomers
unsaturated fatty acid
lipases
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
25. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
amphipathic
isoelectric point
glycerol
Characteristics of the peptide bond
26. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
amphoteric
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
27. Unique feature of cysteine
cysteine and methionine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
CH3COOH
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
28. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
maltase
glycerol
furanose
29. Physiological pH
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
tertiary structure
7.4
Beta pleated sheet
30. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
antiparallel beta sheet
L- amino acid
furanose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
31. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
isoelectric point
quaternary structure
Characteristics of the peptide bond
32. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
cysteine and methionine
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
isomers
have amino group in their side chains
33. Acidic amino acids
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
Proteins
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
34. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
quaternary structure
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
35. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
anomeric carbon
will have pI of 6
maltase
36. (R) and (S) describe what?
amphipathic
furanose
absolute configuration
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
37. Hydrophilic amino acids
maltase
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
anomers
cysteine and methionine
38. Unique feature of proline
histidine - arginine - lysine
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
39. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
addition of water across of a bond
secondary structure
40. D and L describe what?
absolute configuration
primary structure
peptide bond
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
41. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
D- glyceraldehyde
isoelectric point
epimers
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
42. Name for 6 membered ring
pyranose
7.4
histidine - arginine - lysine
have amino group in their side chains
43. (+) and (-) describe what?
optical activity
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
epimers
44. Formula for urea
NH2CONH2
saturated fatty acid
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
absolute configuration
45. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
isoelectric point
amphoteric
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
46. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
addition of water across of a bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
L- amino acid
secondary structure
47. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
saturated fatty acid
CH3COOH
Beta pleated sheet
tertiary structure
48. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
secondary structure
tertiary structure
have amino group in their side chains
glycogen
49. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
amphipathic
Beta pleated sheet
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
50. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
phospholipids
amphoteric
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis