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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hydrophilic amino acids
Beta pleated sheet
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
will have pI of 6
have amino group in their side chains
2. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
secondary structure
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
stereoisomers
3. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
NH2CONH2
Characteristics of the peptide bond
D- amino acid
4. Sulfur containing amino acids
cysteine and methionine
disulfide bond
mutarotation
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
5. Unique feature of cysteine
furanose
saturated fatty acid
lipases
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
6. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
optical activity
epimers
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
pI
7. Basic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
alpha helix
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
8. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
Characteristics of the peptide bond
glycerol
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
9. Characteristics of polar amino acids
CH3COOH
stereoisomers
glycogen
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
10. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
primary structure
Characteristics of the peptide bond
parallel beta sheet
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
11. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
disulfide bond
isomers
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
lipases
12. Polar amino acids
D- glyceraldehyde
quaternary structure
mutarotation
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
13. Acidic amino acids
epimers
Characteristics of the peptide bond
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
addition of water across of a bond
14. Acetic acid formula?
Characteristics of the peptide bond
7.4
amphipathic
CH3COOH
15. Unique feature of proline
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glycogen
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
16. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
quaternary structure
pyranose
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
peptide bond
17. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
isomers
will have pI of 6
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
D- glyceraldehyde
18. Histidine
epimers
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
tertiary structure
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
19. Fatty acid structure
disulfide bond
absolute configuration
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
lipases
20. Name for 5 membered ring
parallel beta sheet
peptide bond
furanose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
21. 3 physiological roles of lipids
isoelectric point
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
22. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
epimers
anomeric carbon
NH2CONH2
23. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
amphipathic
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
antiparallel beta sheet
CH3COOH
24. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
Proteins
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
amphoteric
25. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
D- amino acid
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
26. (+) and (-) describe what?
optical activity
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
ketose
peptide bond
27. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
Beta pleated sheet
unsaturated fatty acid
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
28. Characteristic of basic amino acids
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
have amino group in their side chains
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
addition of water across of a bond
29. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
NH2CONH2
lactase
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
D- amino acid
30. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
7.4
only achiral amino acid
mutarotation
saturated fatty acid
31. Name for 6 membered ring
pyranose
parallel beta sheet
D- amino acid
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
32. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
33. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
tertiary structure
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
L- amino acid
34. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
peptide bond
lactase
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
35. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
7.4
triacylglycerol
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
36. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
absolute configuration
antiparallel beta sheet
pyranose
CH3COOH
37. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
furanose
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
addition of water across of a bond
glycerol
38. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
L- amino acid
peptide bond
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
will have pI of 6
39. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
pyranose
anomers
addition of water across of a bond
stereoisomers
40. Glyceraldehyde
NH2CONH2
saturated fatty acid
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
pyranose
41. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
lipases
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
only achiral amino acid
42. Formula for urea
packing and energy content
unsaturated fatty acid
NH2CONH2
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
43. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
triacylglycerol
peptide bond
isoelectric point
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
44. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
parallel beta sheet
Beta pleated sheet
anomeric carbon
absolute configuration
45. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
secondary structure
aldose
glycogen
L- configuration
46. Unique feature of glycine
only achiral amino acid
amphoteric
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
Characteristics of the peptide bond
47. D and L describe what?
D- amino acid
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
L- amino acid
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
48. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
maltase
L- amino acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
Ka
49. Hydrolysis
NH2CONH2
have amino group in their side chains
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
addition of water across of a bond
50. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
have amino group in their side chains
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
only amino acid that his a secondary amine