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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
D- amino acid
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
only achiral amino acid
2. (+) and (-) describe what?
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
optical activity
lipases
3. Acetic acid formula?
epimers
glycogen
pyranose
CH3COOH
4. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
secondary structure
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
anomeric carbon
5. Fatty acid structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
NH2CONH2
quaternary structure
secondary structure
6. Sulfur containing amino acids
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
cysteine and methionine
isoelectric point
maltase
7. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
anomeric carbon
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
saturated fatty acid
pyranose
8. Unique feature of proline
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
only achiral amino acid
optical activity
amphoteric
9. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
Beta pleated sheet
phospholipids
10. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
furanose
parallel beta sheet
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
11. Hydrolysis
L- configuration
saturated fatty acid
addition of water across of a bond
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
12. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
glycerol
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
antiparallel beta sheet
13. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
ketose
epimers
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
isomers
14. Polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
unsaturated fatty acid
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
D- amino acid
15. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
CH3COOH
primary structure
peptide bond
epimers
16. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
addition of water across of a bond
lactase
L- amino acid
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
17. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
D- glyceraldehyde
tertiary structure
18. Histidine
Characteristics of the peptide bond
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
CH3COOH
19. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
peptide bond
phospholipids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
tertiary structure
20. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
histidine - arginine - lysine
triacylglycerol
starch
peptide bond
21. Unique feature of cysteine
histidine - arginine - lysine
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
22. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
ketose
will have pI of 6
peptide bond
Ka
23. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
absolute configuration
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
secondary structure
lactase
24. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
glycerol
L- configuration
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
NH2CONH2
25. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
Ka
packing and energy content
amphipathic
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
26. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
alpha helix
pI
27. (R) and (S) describe what?
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
furanose
absolute configuration
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
28. Characteristic of basic amino acids
secondary structure
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
have amino group in their side chains
D- glyceraldehyde
29. Name for 5 membered ring
secondary structure
NH2CONH2
furanose
D- amino acid
30. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
amphipathic
glycerol
have amino group in their side chains
saturated fatty acid
31. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
will have pI of 6
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
32. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
glycogen
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
lactase
33. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
glycerol
Characteristics of the peptide bond
34. Interconversion btw two anomers
pI
parallel beta sheet
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
mutarotation
35. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
maltase
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
36. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
L- configuration
stereoisomers
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
37. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
pI
isoelectric point
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
D- glyceraldehyde
38. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
lipases
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
amphoteric
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
39. Basic amino acids
stereoisomers
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
Beta pleated sheet
histidine - arginine - lysine
40. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
triacylglycerol
epimers
disulfide bond
41. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
isoelectric point
alpha helix
histidine - arginine - lysine
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
42. D and L describe what?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
optical activity
have amino group in their side chains
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
43. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
Beta pleated sheet
triacylglycerol
isoelectric point
anomeric carbon
44. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
unsaturated fatty acid
Ka
primary structure
45. Glyceraldehyde
CH3COOH
amphoteric
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glycerol
46. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
histidine - arginine - lysine
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
47. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
maltase
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
ketose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
48. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
Beta pleated sheet
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
peptide bond
49. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
cysteine and methionine
D- amino acid
anomers
50. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
antiparallel beta sheet
parallel beta sheet