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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Physiological pH
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
tertiary structure
7.4
secondary structure
2. Sulfur containing amino acids
lipases
anomers
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
cysteine and methionine
3. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
Ka
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
phospholipids
4. Glyceraldehyde
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
Beta pleated sheet
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
5. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
NH2CONH2
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glycogen
6. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
ketose
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
maltase
furanose
7. Name for 6 membered ring
pyranose
D- glyceraldehyde
phospholipids
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
8. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
pI
quaternary structure
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
packing and energy content
9. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
L- amino acid
Beta pleated sheet
D- glyceraldehyde
phospholipids
10. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
amphoteric
Ka
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
only achiral amino acid
11. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
D- amino acid
amphoteric
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
saturated fatty acid
12. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
histidine - arginine - lysine
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
triacylglycerol
13. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
anomeric carbon
phospholipids
amphipathic
14. Histidine
antiparallel beta sheet
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
alpha helix
lactase
15. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
parallel beta sheet
NH2CONH2
secondary structure
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
16. Unique feature of glycine
triacylglycerol
only achiral amino acid
epimers
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
17. Hydrophilic amino acids
secondary structure
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
amphipathic
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
18. Basic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
addition of water across of a bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
Proteins
19. Unique feature of proline
addition of water across of a bond
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
stereoisomers
20. (R) and (S) describe what?
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
absolute configuration
unsaturated fatty acid
21. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
Characteristics of the peptide bond
furanose
amphoteric
22. Formula for urea
NH2CONH2
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
Characteristics of the peptide bond
optical activity
23. (+) and (-) describe what?
optical activity
mutarotation
unsaturated fatty acid
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
24. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
Ka
D- amino acid
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
phospholipids
25. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
unsaturated fatty acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
stereoisomers
L- configuration
26. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
D- glyceraldehyde
amphoteric
lactase
27. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycogen
optical activity
lactase
quaternary structure
28. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
primary structure
isomers
histidine - arginine - lysine
tertiary structure
29. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
isoelectric point
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
glycerol
30. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
histidine - arginine - lysine
isoelectric point
aldose
31. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
lipases
32. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
quaternary structure
phospholipids
only achiral amino acid
starch
33. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
lipases
L- amino acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
34. D and L describe what?
saturated fatty acid
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
antiparallel beta sheet
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
35. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
parallel beta sheet
isoelectric point
Proteins
cysteine and methionine
36. Interconversion btw two anomers
mutarotation
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
alpha helix
Beta pleated sheet
37. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
alpha helix
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
ketose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
38. Acidic amino acids
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
packing and energy content
Ka
39. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
glycerol
ketose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
addition of water across of a bond
40. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
Ka
Characteristics of the peptide bond
41. Acetic acid formula?
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
CH3COOH
triacylglycerol
amphoteric
42. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
mutarotation
disulfide bond
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
D- glyceraldehyde
43. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
only achiral amino acid
maltase
tertiary structure
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
44. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
CH3COOH
peptide bond
45. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
CH3COOH
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
46. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
addition of water across of a bond
anomeric carbon
pI
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
47. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
epimers
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
starch
48. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
antiparallel beta sheet
secondary structure
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
49. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
unsaturated fatty acid
L- configuration
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
50. Unique feature of cysteine
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids