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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
amphoteric
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
2. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
amphipathic
glycerol
stereoisomers
optical activity
3. Hydrophilic amino acids
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
packing and energy content
will have pI of 6
maltase
4. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
isoelectric point
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
phospholipids
5. D and L describe what?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
parallel beta sheet
disulfide bond
6. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
mutarotation
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
aldose
7. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
only achiral amino acid
quaternary structure
anomers
parallel beta sheet
8. Unique feature of proline
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
anomers
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
9. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
aldose
D- amino acid
CH3COOH
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
10. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
maltase
tertiary structure
D- amino acid
amphoteric
11. Name for 6 membered ring
pyranose
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glycerol
12. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
isoelectric point
D- glyceraldehyde
glycogen
mutarotation
13. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
mutarotation
anomers
disulfide bond
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
14. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glycerol
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
Beta pleated sheet
15. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
D- glyceraldehyde
quaternary structure
isoelectric point
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
16. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
Characteristics of the peptide bond
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
will have pI of 6
17. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
phospholipids
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
18. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
disulfide bond
anomeric carbon
19. Fatty acid structure
ketose
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
unsaturated fatty acid
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
20. 3 physiological roles of lipids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
quaternary structure
D- amino acid
cysteine and methionine
21. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
ketose
7.4
absolute configuration
secondary structure
22. (+) and (-) describe what?
aldose
lactase
optical activity
ketose
23. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
saturated fatty acid
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
unsaturated fatty acid
packing and energy content
24. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
phospholipids
maltase
25. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
starch
26. Characteristics of polar amino acids
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
pI
primary structure
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
27. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
amphoteric
epimers
28. (R) and (S) describe what?
NH2CONH2
alpha helix
absolute configuration
pyranose
29. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
L- amino acid
furanose
saturated fatty acid
30. Name for 5 membered ring
furanose
NH2CONH2
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
Characteristics of the peptide bond
31. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
L- configuration
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
32. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
L- configuration
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
33. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
unsaturated fatty acid
packing and energy content
maltase
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
34. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
antiparallel beta sheet
amphoteric
pI
L- amino acid
35. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
D- glyceraldehyde
amphoteric
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
36. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
isoelectric point
phospholipids
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
only achiral amino acid
37. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
anomers
starch
furanose
packing and energy content
38. Hydrolysis
ketose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
glycerol
addition of water across of a bond
39. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
Ka
isomers
isoelectric point
epimers
40. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
tertiary structure
unsaturated fatty acid
lipases
anomers
41. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
anomers
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
peptide bond
secondary structure
42. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
will have pI of 6
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
ketose
D- amino acid
43. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
isomers
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
pyranose
44. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
optical activity
Ka
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
45. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
tertiary structure
Proteins
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
packing and energy content
46. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
Beta pleated sheet
phospholipids
cysteine and methionine
47. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
disulfide bond
saturated fatty acid
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
starch
48. Acetic acid formula?
saturated fatty acid
CH3COOH
glycerol
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
49. Physiological pH
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
primary structure
7.4
saturated fatty acid
50. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
D- amino acid
only achiral amino acid
lipases