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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
maltase
isomers
D- glyceraldehyde
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
2. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
ketose
will have pI of 6
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
3. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
disulfide bond
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
aldose
4. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
addition of water across of a bond
secondary structure
disulfide bond
5. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
pI
disulfide bond
amphoteric
6. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
parallel beta sheet
7. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
lactase
CH3COOH
D- amino acid
histidine - arginine - lysine
8. Hydrolysis
starch
optical activity
addition of water across of a bond
anomeric carbon
9. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
mutarotation
triacylglycerol
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
isomers
10. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
Proteins
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
phospholipids
7.4
11. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
histidine - arginine - lysine
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
lipases
aldose
12. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
packing and energy content
ketose
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
absolute configuration
13. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
isomers
will have pI of 6
absolute configuration
Ka
14. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
L- amino acid
Beta pleated sheet
anomeric carbon
amphipathic
15. Name for 5 membered ring
glycerol
parallel beta sheet
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
furanose
16. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
tertiary structure
histidine - arginine - lysine
packing and energy content
17. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
glycogen
L- amino acid
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
18. 3 physiological roles of lipids
D- glyceraldehyde
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
19. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
mutarotation
L- configuration
unsaturated fatty acid
20. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
primary structure
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
21. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
only achiral amino acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
glycogen
triacylglycerol
22. Basic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
optical activity
23. Glyceraldehyde
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
optical activity
anomeric carbon
ketose
24. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
Proteins
packing and energy content
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
25. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
anomeric carbon
antiparallel beta sheet
alpha helix
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
26. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
histidine - arginine - lysine
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
phospholipids
27. Acetic acid formula?
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
CH3COOH
alpha helix
mutarotation
28. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
pyranose
anomeric carbon
amphipathic
only achiral amino acid
29. Acidic amino acids
lactase
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
unsaturated fatty acid
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
30. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
anomers
peptide bond
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
absolute configuration
31. Interconversion btw two anomers
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
mutarotation
Ka
CH3COOH
32. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
lipases
peptide bond
mutarotation
lactase
33. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
epimers
Characteristics of the peptide bond
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
34. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
amphoteric
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
parallel beta sheet
Beta pleated sheet
35. Fatty acid structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
Proteins
optical activity
36. Characteristic of basic amino acids
have amino group in their side chains
only achiral amino acid
7.4
lactase
37. D and L describe what?
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
L- amino acid
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
38. (+) and (-) describe what?
triacylglycerol
optical activity
L- amino acid
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
39. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
starch
D- glyceraldehyde
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
40. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
anomeric carbon
glycerol
ketose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
41. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycogen
amphoteric
isoelectric point
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
42. Unique feature of glycine
phospholipids
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
tertiary structure
only achiral amino acid
43. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
isoelectric point
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
epimers
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
44. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
addition of water across of a bond
aldose
parallel beta sheet
Proteins
45. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
stereoisomers
quaternary structure
primary structure
epimers
46. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
pI
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
L- configuration
saturated fatty acid
47. Sulfur containing amino acids
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
anomers
L- configuration
cysteine and methionine
48. Hydrophilic amino acids
unsaturated fatty acid
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
only achiral amino acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
49. Polar amino acids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
only achiral amino acid
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
50. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
unsaturated fatty acid
ketose
NH2CONH2