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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
have amino group in their side chains
unsaturated fatty acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
2. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
mutarotation
tertiary structure
epimers
L- configuration
3. Physiological pH
Beta pleated sheet
isoelectric point
7.4
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
4. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
parallel beta sheet
antiparallel beta sheet
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
lipases
5. Interconversion btw two anomers
Proteins
L- amino acid
mutarotation
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
6. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
disulfide bond
unsaturated fatty acid
starch
triacylglycerol
7. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
anomers
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
8. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
peptide bond
will have pI of 6
glycogen
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
9. Sulfur containing amino acids
peptide bond
cysteine and methionine
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
furanose
10. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
L- configuration
triacylglycerol
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
11. Unique feature of glycine
only achiral amino acid
anomers
optical activity
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
12. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
Proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
13. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
amphoteric
Ka
stereoisomers
disulfide bond
14. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
lipases
ketose
primary structure
15. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
D- glyceraldehyde
absolute configuration
secondary structure
16. Polar amino acids
aldose
phospholipids
glycogen
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
17. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
amphoteric
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
isomers
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
18. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
anomeric carbon
glycogen
starch
amphipathic
19. Formula for urea
anomeric carbon
NH2CONH2
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
pI
20. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
only achiral amino acid
isoelectric point
Proteins
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
21. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
pI
tertiary structure
lactase
CH3COOH
22. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
maltase
Ka
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
23. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
D- glyceraldehyde
ketose
stereoisomers
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
24. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
saturated fatty acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
absolute configuration
25. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
mutarotation
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
primary structure
26. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
antiparallel beta sheet
will have pI of 6
amphoteric
anomeric carbon
27. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
will have pI of 6
28. Basic amino acids
addition of water across of a bond
7.4
histidine - arginine - lysine
CH3COOH
29. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
ketose
30. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
pyranose
parallel beta sheet
primary structure
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
31. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
L- amino acid
stereoisomers
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
antiparallel beta sheet
32. D and L describe what?
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
33. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
primary structure
maltase
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
glycerol
34. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
will have pI of 6
mutarotation
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
amphipathic
35. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
pyranose
triacylglycerol
glycogen
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
36. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
isomers
only achiral amino acid
unsaturated fatty acid
alpha helix
37. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
lipases
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
38. Name for 6 membered ring
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
pyranose
anomers
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
39. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
Characteristics of the peptide bond
pyranose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
40. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
L- configuration
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
only achiral amino acid
41. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
glycerol
triacylglycerol
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
isoelectric point
42. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
amphipathic
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
secondary structure
43. Acetic acid formula?
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
peptide bond
CH3COOH
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
44. Unique feature of proline
antiparallel beta sheet
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
packing and energy content
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
45. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
Beta pleated sheet
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
secondary structure
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
46. Fatty acid structure
glycerol
parallel beta sheet
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
antiparallel beta sheet
47. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
Beta pleated sheet
Proteins
Ka
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
48. (+) and (-) describe what?
tertiary structure
starch
will have pI of 6
optical activity
49. 3 physiological roles of lipids
packing and energy content
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
secondary structure
50. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
aldose
saturated fatty acid
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
lipases