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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Histidine
aldose
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
2. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
CH3COOH
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
maltase
3. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
lipases
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
starch
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
4. (R) and (S) describe what?
L- amino acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
absolute configuration
5. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
aldose
Ka
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
tertiary structure
6. Acetic acid formula?
CH3COOH
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
packing and energy content
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
7. Formula for urea
L- amino acid
lactase
D- amino acid
NH2CONH2
8. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
D- glyceraldehyde
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
ketose
9. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
packing and energy content
cysteine and methionine
optical activity
10. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
glycerol
glycogen
Proteins
cysteine and methionine
11. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
anomeric carbon
glycogen
triacylglycerol
ketose
12. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
mutarotation
maltase
cysteine and methionine
aldose
13. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
D- amino acid
14. Physiological pH
anomeric carbon
triacylglycerol
7.4
L- configuration
15. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
16. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
disulfide bond
isomers
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
17. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
phospholipids
secondary structure
CH3COOH
Beta pleated sheet
18. D and L describe what?
ketose
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
CH3COOH
19. Hydrophilic amino acids
mutarotation
D- amino acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
quaternary structure
20. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
pI
starch
anomeric carbon
only achiral amino acid
21. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
mutarotation
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
Characteristics of the peptide bond
22. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
ketose
D- amino acid
primary structure
secondary structure
23. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
optical activity
anomeric carbon
glycerol
will have pI of 6
24. Unique feature of cysteine
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
packing and energy content
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
parallel beta sheet
25. Unique feature of glycine
Beta pleated sheet
only achiral amino acid
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
26. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
isomers
starch
absolute configuration
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
27. Hydrolysis
Beta pleated sheet
addition of water across of a bond
glycogen
ketose
28. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
triacylglycerol
epimers
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
CH3COOH
29. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
saturated fatty acid
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
30. (+) and (-) describe what?
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
optical activity
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
antiparallel beta sheet
31. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
lactase
stereoisomers
alpha helix
tertiary structure
32. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
triacylglycerol
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
D- amino acid
stereoisomers
33. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
unsaturated fatty acid
antiparallel beta sheet
peptide bond
34. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
isoelectric point
L- configuration
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
35. 3 physiological roles of lipids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
amphoteric
36. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
secondary structure
antiparallel beta sheet
parallel beta sheet
37. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
optical activity
stereoisomers
will have pI of 6
38. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
primary structure
packing and energy content
cysteine and methionine
39. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
tertiary structure
pyranose
lipases
40. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
absolute configuration
maltase
isomers
41. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
will have pI of 6
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
amphipathic
epimers
42. Basic amino acids
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
histidine - arginine - lysine
NH2CONH2
quaternary structure
43. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
will have pI of 6
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
quaternary structure
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
44. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
Characteristics of the peptide bond
anomers
CH3COOH
D- glyceraldehyde
45. Glyceraldehyde
tertiary structure
triacylglycerol
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
ketose
46. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
quaternary structure
47. Acidic amino acids
amphipathic
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
absolute configuration
48. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
mutarotation
Characteristics of the peptide bond
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
49. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
7.4
Beta pleated sheet
packing and energy content
lipases
50. Unique feature of proline
L- amino acid
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
ketose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity