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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
mutarotation
will have pI of 6
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
2. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
amphipathic
isomers
amphoteric
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
3. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
unsaturated fatty acid
amphipathic
L- configuration
lactase
4. Formula for urea
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
NH2CONH2
disulfide bond
phospholipids
5. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
secondary structure
optical activity
histidine - arginine - lysine
pI
6. 3 physiological roles of lipids
maltase
anomeric carbon
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
7. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
saturated fatty acid
Proteins
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
L- amino acid
8. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
epimers
pI
only achiral amino acid
9. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
lipases
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
D- glyceraldehyde
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
10. Glyceraldehyde
triacylglycerol
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
maltase
pyranose
11. Characteristic of basic amino acids
have amino group in their side chains
aldose
glycogen
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
12. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
secondary structure
amphipathic
isomers
Characteristics of the peptide bond
13. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
furanose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
cysteine and methionine
lipases
14. Molecules with the same atoms and same bonds - but different bond geometries; can either be enantiomers or diastereomers
glycerol
disulfide bond
pyranose
stereoisomers
15. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
Characteristics of the peptide bond
packing and energy content
optical activity
Proteins
16. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
triacylglycerol
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
packing and energy content
isomers
17. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
tertiary structure
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
18. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
starch
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
anomeric carbon
triacylglycerol
19. Physiological pH
will have pI of 6
7.4
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
starch
20. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
unsaturated fatty acid
absolute configuration
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
21. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
maltase
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
lipases
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
22. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
Ka
aldose
stereoisomers
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
23. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
alpha helix
furanose
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
24. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
only achiral amino acid
25. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
lipases
Beta pleated sheet
amphipathic
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
26. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
alpha helix
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
antiparallel beta sheet
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
27. Interconversion btw two anomers
mutarotation
Beta pleated sheet
packing and energy content
aldose
28. (R) and (S) describe what?
secondary structure
absolute configuration
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
lipases
29. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
phospholipids
peptide bond
CH3COOH
30. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
only achiral amino acid
anomeric carbon
L- amino acid
secondary structure
31. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
unsaturated fatty acid
isoelectric point
triacylglycerol
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
32. Unique feature of glycine
aldose
Proteins
only achiral amino acid
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
33. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
epimers
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
mutarotation
anomers
34. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
L- configuration
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
epimers
35. Name for 5 membered ring
L- amino acid
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
furanose
36. Characteristics of polar amino acids
will have pI of 6
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
histidine - arginine - lysine
37. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
Characteristics of the peptide bond
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
will have pI of 6
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
38. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
absolute configuration
NH2CONH2
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
isoelectric point
39. Polar amino acids
saturated fatty acid
isomers
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
peptide bond
40. Interaction btw polypeptide subunits arranged in polypeptide. can be covalent bonds or intermolecular forces - disulfide bond that does not form btw residues on the same protein affect (blank)
7.4
quaternary structure
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
stereoisomers
41. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
D- glyceraldehyde
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
primary structure
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
42. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
Beta pleated sheet
amphoteric
tertiary structure
43. Fatty acid structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
optical activity
D- amino acid
cysteine and methionine
44. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
Beta pleated sheet
antiparallel beta sheet
D- glyceraldehyde
absolute configuration
45. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
secondary structure
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
D- amino acid
lactase
46. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
D- amino acid
mutarotation
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
L- configuration
47. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
CH3COOH
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
packing and energy content
48. Basic amino acids
histidine - arginine - lysine
7.4
D- glyceraldehyde
amphipathic
49. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
cysteine and methionine
amphipathic
alpha helix
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
50. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
saturated fatty acid
mutarotation