SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
L- amino acid
peptide bond
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
2. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
aldose
pI
maltase
parallel beta sheet
3. Physiological pH
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
tertiary structure
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
7.4
4. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
epimers
triacylglycerol
D- amino acid
amphipathic
5. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
saturated fatty acid
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
secondary structure
packing and energy content
6. Formula for urea
NH2CONH2
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
unsaturated fatty acid
7. Hydrolysis
addition of water across of a bond
mutarotation
glycogen
L- configuration
8. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
lipases
anomers
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
L- amino acid
9. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
triacylglycerol
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
starch
primary structure
10. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
absolute configuration
pI
11. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
lipases
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
Proteins
packing and energy content
12. Interconversion btw two anomers
CH3COOH
mutarotation
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
cysteine and methionine
13. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
packing and energy content
disulfide bond
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
14. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
saturated fatty acid
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
CH3COOH
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
15. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
amphoteric
primary structure
parallel beta sheet
16. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
peptide bond
antiparallel beta sheet
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
addition of water across of a bond
17. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
amphoteric
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
18. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
cysteine and methionine
unsaturated fatty acid
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
D- glyceraldehyde
19. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
antiparallel beta sheet
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
20. Polar amino acids
amphoteric
Characteristics of the peptide bond
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
unsaturated fatty acid
21. D and L describe what?
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
histidine - arginine - lysine
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
22. Characteristics of polar amino acids
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
stereoisomers
alpha helix
23. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
anomers
D- glyceraldehyde
addition of water across of a bond
primary structure
24. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
NH2CONH2
addition of water across of a bond
Ka
pI
25. Name for 6 membered ring
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
cysteine and methionine
pyranose
CH3COOH
26. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
anomers
will have pI of 6
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
L- amino acid
27. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
histidine - arginine - lysine
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
28. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
saturated fatty acid
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
isomers
29. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
glycerol
epimers
primary structure
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
30. Name for 5 membered ring
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
mutarotation
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
furanose
31. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
lipases
pyranose
histidine - arginine - lysine
antiparallel beta sheet
32. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
anomeric carbon
7.4
L- configuration
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
33. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
L- amino acid
34. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
tertiary structure
amphoteric
Proteins
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
35. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
aldose
furanose
isomers
L- configuration
36. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glycerol
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
unsaturated fatty acid
37. Sulfur containing amino acids
epimers
cysteine and methionine
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
Ka
38. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
D- amino acid
amphoteric
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
anomeric carbon
39. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
primary structure
isoelectric point
CH3COOH
pI
40. Acidic amino acids
optical activity
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
aldose
41. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
isomers
histidine - arginine - lysine
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
saturated fatty acid
42. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
antiparallel beta sheet
pI
glycogen
43. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
isoelectric point
D- amino acid
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
44. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
phospholipids
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
45. Fatty acid structure
Characteristics of the peptide bond
packing and energy content
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
46. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
alpha helix
47. (+) and (-) describe what?
optical activity
ketose
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
disulfide bond
48. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
isoelectric point
anomers
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
tertiary structure
49. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
D- amino acid
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
lactase
aldose
50. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
glycerol
pyranose
primary structure
Beta pleated sheet