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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
will have pI of 6
optical activity
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
anomers
2. (+) and (-) describe what?
only achiral amino acid
D- glyceraldehyde
optical activity
parallel beta sheet
3. Characteristic of basic amino acids
unsaturated fatty acid
glycerol
lactase
have amino group in their side chains
4. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
peptide bond
packing and energy content
furanose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
5. Unique feature of proline
amphoteric
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
packing and energy content
6. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
only achiral amino acid
parallel beta sheet
disulfide bond
Ka
7. Interconversion btw two anomers
stereoisomers
D- glyceraldehyde
mutarotation
L- configuration
8. Polar amino acids
alpha helix
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
amphipathic
9. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
antiparallel beta sheet
maltase
optical activity
epimers
10. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
absolute configuration
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
L- amino acid
alpha helix
11. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
Ka
peptide bond
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
7.4
12. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
L- configuration
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
have amino group in their side chains
13. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
lipases
L- configuration
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
14. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
addition of water across of a bond
aldose
NH2CONH2
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
15. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
L- amino acid
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
aldose
16. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
have amino group in their side chains
anomeric carbon
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
17. 2 things that accelerate the rate of hydrolysis for peptide cleavage?
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
anomeric carbon
Characteristics of the peptide bond
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
18. Physiological pH
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
7.4
only achiral amino acid
19. Histidine
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
primary structure
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
CH3COOH
20. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
epimers
lipases
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
21. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
optical activity
ketose
parallel beta sheet
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
22. Separation is due to charge - with negative charge moving toward positive electrode and positive charge moving toward negative electrode
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
L- configuration
maltase
antiparallel beta sheet
23. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
CH3COOH
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
will have pI of 6
anomeric carbon
24. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
triacylglycerol
7.4
have amino group in their side chains
pyranose
25. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
L- configuration
optical activity
Proteins
epimers
26. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
isoelectric point
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
27. Sulfur containing amino acids
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
cysteine and methionine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
L- amino acid
28. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
unsaturated fatty acid
aldose
have amino group in their side chains
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
29. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
7.4
anomeric carbon
maltase
saturated fatty acid
30. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
pI
lipases
glycogen
ketose
31. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
lactase
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
Ka
32. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
tertiary structure
33. The amino acid sequence of a protein that is determined by peptide bond
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
starch
primary structure
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
34. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
will have pI of 6
addition of water across of a bond
epimers
maltase
35. Acidic amino acids
L- amino acid
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
phospholipids
36. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
quaternary structure
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
only achiral amino acid
37. Amino group placed on the right of a fischer projection is a?
glycerol
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
secondary structure
D- amino acid
38. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycogen
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
starch
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
39. Naturally occurring carbohydrates are formed from what?
glycerol
anomeric carbon
D- glyceraldehyde
secondary structure
40. Name for 6 membered ring
quaternary structure
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
Beta pleated sheet
pyranose
41. Unique feature of glycine
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
only achiral amino acid
primary structure
antiparallel beta sheet
42. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
saturated fatty acid
aldose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
43. Fatty acid structure
amphoteric
CH3COOH
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
parallel beta sheet
44. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
addition of water across of a bond
starch
only achiral amino acid
alpha helix
45. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
amphoteric
starch
anomeric carbon
Ka
46. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
glycerol
starch
secondary structure
47. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
D- amino acid
only achiral amino acid
stereoisomers
anomers
48. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
tertiary structure
unsaturated fatty acid
furanose
antiparallel beta sheet
49. Unique feature of cysteine
optical activity
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
furanose
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
50. Hydrophilic amino acids
glycogen
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
pyranose
secondary structure