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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
quaternary structure
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
only achiral amino acid
anomers
2. Acetic acid formula?
mutarotation
glycogen
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
CH3COOH
3. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
stereoisomers
unsaturated fatty acid
L- configuration
saturated fatty acid
4. Enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into 2 glucose molecules?
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
triacylglycerol
maltase
5. Characteristics of polar amino acids
absolute configuration
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
packing and energy content
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
6. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
epimers
Proteins
7.4
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
7. Sulfur containing amino acids
cysteine and methionine
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
only achiral amino acid
8. Basic amino acids
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
histidine - arginine - lysine
triacylglycerol
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
9. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in the same direction in Beta pleated sheet structure
only achiral amino acid
parallel beta sheet
epimers
antiparallel beta sheet
10. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
11. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
glycogen
tertiary structure
histidine - arginine - lysine
D- glyceraldehyde
12. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
starch
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
13. Hydrophilic amino acids
aldose
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
ketose
14. Hydrolysis
7.4
amphipathic
addition of water across of a bond
alpha helix
15. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
triacylglycerol
isoelectric point
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
16. Glyceraldehyde
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
optical activity
17. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
aldose
7.4
L- amino acid
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
18. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
anomers
19. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
aldose
anomeric carbon
triacylglycerol
lipases
20. Initial folding of proteins into shapes stabilized by H bonds btw amino and carboxyl groups of backbone
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
secondary structure
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
amphoteric
21. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
primary structure
amphipathic
phospholipids
have amino group in their side chains
22. Structure where H bonds occur btw residues distant from each other - or on a separate chain. backbone is extended rather than coiled
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
maltase
D- amino acid
Beta pleated sheet
23. Characteristics of acidic amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
lactase
anomeric carbon
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
24. Formula for urea
quaternary structure
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
alpha helix
NH2CONH2
25. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
starch
Beta pleated sheet
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
L- amino acid
26. Histidine
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
isoelectric point
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
27. Name for 5 membered ring
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
furanose
Ka
28. PH at which positive and negative charges balance to form a zwitterion
pI
L- configuration
antiparallel beta sheet
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
29. Unique feature of cysteine
anomeric carbon
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
maltase
histidine - arginine - lysine
30. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
CH3COOH
lipases
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
31. Physiological pH
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
primary structure
7.4
aldose
32. Unique feature of proline
secondary structure
only achiral amino acid
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
amphipathic
33. Diastereomers that vary in the configuration of 1 chiral center
epimers
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
D- glyceraldehyde
packing and energy content
34. Enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into galactose and glucose into
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
lactase
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
D- glyceraldehyde
35. Polar amino acids
pI
furanose
primary structure
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
36. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
Beta pleated sheet
alpha helix
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
only achiral amino acid
37. Fxn of cholesterol in the membrane?
alpha helix
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
histidine - arginine - lysine
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
38. Carbon that in linear form has a carbonyl - or in cyclic form has a hemiacetal or an acetal
only achiral amino acid
anomeric carbon
tertiary structure
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
39. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
furanose
antiparallel beta sheet
quaternary structure
triacylglycerol
40. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
pyranose
aldose
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
peptide bond
41. PH at which the amino acid has a net neutral charge
amphoteric
isoelectric point
basic amino acid has pKa at 6.5 - so it can either be protonated or deprotonated at physiological pH
mutarotation
42. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
isomers
L- configuration
amphipathic
anomeric carbon
43. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
tertiary structure
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
primary structure
44. Rule for all amino acids that are nonbasic and nonacidic pertaining to pI value?
pyranose
lactase
will have pI of 6
quaternary structure
45. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
starch
anomers
peptide bond
unsaturated fatty acid
46. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
tertiary structure
alpha helix
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
Proteins
47. Name for 6 membered ring
addition of water across of a bond
histidine - arginine - lysine
pyranose
absolute configuration
48. Fatty acid structure
mutarotation
glycogen
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
49. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
glycerol
50. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
mutarotation
packing and energy content
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
addition of water across of a bond