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Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Organic Chemistry 2
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2 covalent bonds formed in proteins
7.4
will have pI of 6
Characteristics of the peptide bond
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
2. Covalent bond formed btw carboxyl group of one atom and the amino group of another amino acid in an addition - elimination mechanism - enzymes are required to carry out rxn
cysteine and methionine
peptide bond
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
3. Epimers of sugars that vary in the configuration of their anomeric carbons
optical activity
L- amino acid
anomers
anomeric carbon
4. Unique feature of proline
tertiary structure
aldose
only amino acid that his a secondary amine
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
5. Property of fatty acids where one end is hydrophobic and the other is hydrophilic
1. presence of strong acids 2. proteolytic enzymes
pyranose
amphipathic
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
6. 3 physiological roles of lipids
absolute configuration
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
triacylglycerol
Beta pleated sheet
7. Formula for urea
NH2CONH2
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
D- glyceraldehyde
peptide bond
8. Glycosidic linkage of maltose
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
anomeric carbon
addition of water across of a bond
9. Molecules with the same atoms - but different bonds
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
addition of water across of a bond
only achiral amino acid
isomers
10. Fatty acid w/ one or more double bonds in cis form predominately
unsaturated fatty acid
quaternary structure
ketose
isomers
11. Basic amino acids
absolute configuration
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
histidine - arginine - lysine
furanose
12. Right handed helix w/ carboxyl of one amino acid bound to the amine of another amino acid three residues away - proline never resides in this structure b/c it would place a kink in the helix
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
addition of water across of a bond
alpha helix
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
13. Storage form of fatty acid that is composed of 3 esterified fatty acid to a glycerol molecule
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
peptide bond
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
triacylglycerol
14. 1.has partial double bond character due to resonance 2. it cannot rotate 3. amide H is someWhat acidic and can H bond
epimers
Characteristics of the peptide bond
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
isomers
15. Amino group placed on the left of a fischer projection is a?
L- amino acid
parallel beta sheet
amphipathic
will have pI of 6
16. (+) and (-) describe what?
NH2CONH2
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
optical activity
L- amino acid
17. Fatty acid structure
phospholipids
lactase
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
18. 1. it exists in solution in equilibrium with linear form 2. mutarotation occurs readily 3. it is a reducing sugar - and reacts positively w/ Benedict's reagent
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
pyranose
7.4
NH2CONH2
19. Glycosidic linkage of cellulose
mutarotation
secondary structure
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
20. Nonpolar - hydrophobic amino acids
NH2CONH2
glycine - alanine - valine - methionine - leucine - isoleucine - proline - phenylalanine - tryptophan
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
has thiol group that allows it the form disulfide bond
21. 1. it requires an enzyme to linearize and mutarotate 2. it is not a reducing sugar and give negative Benedict's test
2 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as an acetal
7.4
antiparallel beta sheet
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
22. Sugar with a carbonyl group at the 2 carbon position
long chain of unsubstituted alkanes that end in a carboxylic acid - making them amphipathic
saturated fatty acid
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
ketose
23. What describes the affinity of functional groups for a proton?
D- glyceraldehyde
histidine - arginine - lysine
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
Ka
24. Characteristics of hydrophobic amino acids
lactase
maltase
primary structure
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
25. Characteristic of basic amino acids
have amino group in their side chains
1. form phospholipids of cellular membranes 2. store energy in adipose tissue 3. produce steroid hormones
parallel beta sheet
primary structure
26. Polar amino acids
parallel beta sheet
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
lipases
only achiral amino acid
27. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions btw amino acids more distant from each other on the polypeptide chain
absolute configuration
Ka
isoelectric point
tertiary structure
28. Sugar with an aldehyde at the first carbon position
secondary structure
mutarotation
aldose
have an R group that is polar enough to H bond - but does no acts an acid or a base
29. Macromolecule that performs a variety of bodily functions and is composed of up to 20 different amino acids
Proteins
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
Characteristics of the peptide bond
30. Acidic amino acids
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
starch
unsaturated fatty acid
31. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for plants
NH2CONH2
CH3COOH
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
starch
32. 3 carbon triol that forms backbone of triacylglycerol
the basic precursor of the molecule (L or D glyceraldehyde)
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
glycerol
CH3COOH
33. Glycosidic linkage of sucrose
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
will have pI of 6
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
unsaturated fatty acid
34. Enzymes that hydrolyze fats
lipases
optical activity
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
amphoteric
35. Molecule can act as a base and as an acid
7.4
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
amphoteric
ketose
36. Glycosidic linkage of lactose
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
mutarotation
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
serine - threonine - asparagine - glutamine - cysteine - tyrosine
37. Sulfur containing amino acids
cysteine and methionine
aldose
7.4
Cause of Amino acid separation in gel electrophoresis
38. Physiological pH
modulates fluidity and seeks to maintain optimal fluidity
7.4
peptide bonds and disulfide bonds
Proteins
39. What stabilizes lipid bilayer?
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
L- configuration
C3H6O3 - with one chiral center
lactase
40. Generated btw either thiols on different proteins or thiols on the same protein
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
van der Waal forces of hydrophobic tails
disulfide bond
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
41. 2 reasons why fats have more efficient energy stores than carbs
packing and energy content
glucose - beta -1 -4- glucose
all acidic - basic - and polar amino acids
have acidic carboxylic acid on side chains - w/ pKa around 4
42. 4 causes of denaturation of proteins
secondary structure
addition of water across of a bond
glutamic acid and aspartic acid
1. presence of urea 2. extreme pH 3. extreme temperature 4. changes in salinity
43. Fatty acid w/ no double bonds and maximum number of hydrogens
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
saturated fatty acid
starch
glucose - alpha -1 -4- glucose
44. Adjacent polypeptide strands running in opposite directions in Beta pleated sheet structure
unsaturated fatty acid
have alkyl or aromatic side chains and tend to associate w/ each other - rather than water
isoelectric point
antiparallel beta sheet
45. What kind of lipids compromise the lipid bilayer?
phospholipids
CH3COOH
histidine - arginine - lysine
Beta pleated sheet
46. Name for 6 membered ring
pyranose
Beta pleated sheet
secondary structure
3 things about the cyclic form of a sugar as a hemiacetal
47. Interconversion btw two anomers
primary structure
mutarotation
ketose
galactose - beta -1 -4- glucose
48. Name for 5 membered ring
histidine - arginine - lysine
furanose
have amino group in their side chains
lactase
49. Energy storage molecule of carbohydrates for animals
mutarotation
glycogen
epimers
glycerol
50. What configuration do all naturally occuring amino acids have?
glucose - alpha -1 -2- fructose
L- configuration
D- glyceraldehyde
parallel beta sheet