SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
MCAT Prep Biology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
mcat
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A genotype in which two different alleles are possessed for a given gene.
Heterozygous
Transmembrane domain
Transition mutation
Oogonium
2. The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the to outside of the body. In males it also carries semen and sperm during ejaculation.
Urethra
Absolute refractory period
Accessory glands
Graafian follicle
3. The protective - connective tissue wrapping of the central nervous system (the dura mater - arachnoid mater - and pia mater).
Hypothalamus
A site
Zymogen
Meninges
4. The maximum amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from the lungs after filling them to their maximum level - typically about 4500 mL
Vital capacity
Capilary
Auxotroph
Duodenum
5. An immune reaction directed against normal (necessary ) cells.Fo example - diabets melitus (typeI) is an autoimmun reaction directed against teh beta cells of the pancrease (destorying them and preventing insulin secretion) and aginst insulin itself.
Effector organ
Obligate anaerobe
Autoimmune reaction
Somatic nervous system
6. A gene appearing in a single copy in diploid organisms - e.g. X- linked genes in human males.
Competitive inhibitor
Hemizygous gene
Repressor
Resting membrane potential
7. The percentage of individuals with a particular genotype that actually displays the phenotype associated with the genotype.
Proximal convoluted tubuel
Thin filament
Penetrance
Plasmid
8. An organism that requires oxygen to survive (aerobic metabolism only).
Vitamin
Sphygmomanometer
Obligate aerobe
Vena cava
9. A projection of the cell body of a neuron that recieves a nerve impulse form a different neuron and send the impulse to the cell body. Neurons can have one or several dendrites!
Tidal volume
Dendrite
Vein
Emission
10. A point mutation in which a condon that specifies an amino acid is mutated into a stop (nonsense) codon.
Trophoblast
Nonsense mutation
Supercoiling
Lipid
11. Strong bands of connective tissue that connect skeletal muscle to bone.
Diastolic pressure
Obligate aerobe
Tendon
Loop of Henle
12. The process of breaking down large molecules into smaller precursors - e.g. digesion of starch into glucose.
Ossicles
Siding filament theory
Steroid hormone
Catabolism
13. The formation of haploid gametes (sperm or ova) via meiosis.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Polysaccharides
Gametogenesis
Tonsils
14. A sensory receptor that responds to hcanges in pressure; for example - there are baroreceptors in the carotid arteries and the aortic ach that monitor blood pressure.
Baroreceptor
Proprioreceptor
Log phase
Nucleotide
15. An organelle surrounded by a double=membrane (two lipid bilayers) where ATP production takes place. The interior (matrix) is where PDC and the Krebs cycle occur - and the inner membrane contains the enzymes of the electron trasport chain and ATP synt
Epiphyseal plate
Mucosa
Portal systems
Mitochondrion
16. The phase of mitosis during which the cell physically splits into two daugter cells. Cytokinesis begins near the end of anaphase - and is completed during telophase.
Cytokinesis
Antibody (Ab)
Signal transduction
Semen
17. Mal sex hormones. Testosteron is the primary androgen.
Interneuron
Recombination frequency
Corona radiata
Androgens
18. Plasma with the clotting factors removed. Serum is often used in diagnostic tests because it does not clot.
Resting membrane potential
Cartilage
Absolute refractory period
Serum
19. The organ that carries out teh command sent along a particular motor neuron
Effector organ
Hematocrit
Keratin
Leading strand
20. The principal glucocorticoid secreted from teh adrenal cortex. This steroid hormone is released ruing stress - causing increased blood glucose levels and reducing inflammation. The latter effect has led to a clinical use of cortisol as an anti - infl
Goblet cells
Cortisol
Organogenesis
Temporal summation
21. A clear fluid the circulates around through the brain and spinal cord that helps to physially support teh brain and act as a shock absorber - and taht also exchanges nutrients and wastes with teh brain and spinal cord.
Gram - negative bacteria
Synapsis
Lysozyme
Cerebrospinal fluid
22. The enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft.
Aminoacyl tRNA
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
Tight junction
Pleiotropic gene
23. An organism that utilizes light as its primary energy source.
Spatial summation
Phototroph
Longitudinal muscle
Replication
24. A globular protein that ssociated with tropomyosin as part of the thin filament of the sarcomere. Troponin binds Ca2+ - which causes the conformaiton change in tropomyosin required to expose the myosin - binding sites on actin and initiate muscle con
Secretory phase
Oogonium
Afferent arteriole
Troponin
25. A person with blood type AB+. Because this person's red blood cells possess all of the typical blood surface proteins - they will not display an immune reaction if transfused with any of the other blood types.
Universal acceptor
Microfilament
Resting membrane potential
Long bone
26. A nucleotide sequence in RNA that contains protein - coding information. Exons are typically separated by introns (intervening sequences) that are spliced out prior to translation.
Temporal summation
Exon
Heterotroph
Prostate
27. Specialized tissue with a lot of space that can fill with blood upon proper stimulation - causing teh tissue to become firm. Erectile tissue is found in the penis - the clitoris - the labia - and the nipples.
Erectile tissue
Serum
Activation energy (Ea)
Release factor
28. The flexible membrane in teh chochlea that supports the organ of Corti (structure which contains the hearing receptors). The fibers of the basilar membrane are short and stiff near the oval windown and long and fleaxible near the apex of the cochlea.
G- protein linked receptor
Basilar membrane
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Genetic code
29. Enzymes secreted by the mucosal cells lining the intestine. The brush border enzymes are disaccharides adn dipeptidases taht digest the smallest peptides and carbohydrates into their respective monomers.
Theta replication
Brush border enzymes
Medulla
Internodal tract
30. An inactive precursor of an enzyme - activated by various methods (acid hydrolysis - cleavage by another enzyme - etc.)
Zymogen
Venous returns
Frank Starling mechanism
Resting membrane potential
31. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary).
Urinary sphincter
Single strand binding proteins
Intercostal muscles
Olfactory receptors
32. Something that works together with another thing to augment the the second thing's activity. For example - a uscle that assists another muslce is said to be a syngergist. An enzyme that helps another enzyme is a synergist.
Diastole
yngergist
Cervix
Acrosome
33. Movement that is directed by chemical gradients - such as nutrients or toxins. (seen in some bacteria)
Proprioreceptor
Chorion
Chemotaxis
FSH
34. The entropy (disorder) of the universe (or system) tends to increase.
Cleavage
Myosin light - chain kinase (MLCK)
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Fluid mosaic model
35. A localized change in a neruon's or musce cell's membrane potential that can propogate itself away from its point of origin. Action potentials are an all - or - none process mediated by the opening of voltage - gated Na+ and K+ channels when the memb
Afferent arteriole
Thalamus
Action potential
Multipolar neuron
36. Movement of a hydrophilic molecuel across the plasma membrane of a cell - down its concentration gradient - through a channel - pore - or carrier molecule in the membrane. Because the hydrophilic nature of the molecule - it requires a special path th
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Facilitated diffusion
Gustatory receptors
Fimbriae
37. The third phase of meiosis II. During anaphase II the sister chromatids are finally spearated at their centromeres and puled to opposite sides of teh cell. Note that anaphase II is identical to mitotic anaphase - excep the number of chromosmes was re
Thymine
Vein
Anaphase II
Gap phase
38. The deliberate exposure of a person to an antigen in order to provoke the primary immune response and memory cell production. Typically the antigens are those normally associated with pathogens - thus if the live pathogen is encountered in the future
Mullerian ducts
Bicarbonate
Log phase
Vaccination
39. The final portion of the large intestine.
Ventricle
Rectum
Somatic nervous system
Urea
40. Oil - forming glands found all over the body - especially on the face and neck. The product (sebum) is released to the skin surface through hair follicles.
Linker DNA
Sebaceous gland
Angiotensin
Reflex arc
41. The female primary sex organ. The ovary produces female gametes (ova) and secretes estrogen and progesterone.
Urea
Ovary
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Islets of Langerhans
42. A four - subunit protein found in red blood cells that binds oxygen. Each subunit contains a heme group - a large multi - ring molecule with an iron atom at its center. One hemoglobin molecule can bind four oxygen molecules in a cooperative manner.
S phase
Zona pellucida
Hemoglobin
Substrate(s)
43. One of the three primary (embryonic) germ layers formed during gastrulation. Ectoderm ultimately forms external structures such as the skin - hair - nails - and inner linings of the mouth and anus - as well as the entire nervous system.
Passive transport
Centriole
Atrium
Ectoderm
44. The primary membrane lipid. Phospholipids consist of a glycerol molecule esterified to two fatty acid chains and a phosphate molecule. Additional - highly hyrohpilic groups are attached to the phosphate - making this molecule extremely amphipathic.
Phospholipid
IPSP
Systole
cDNA
45. The outer protein coat of a virus (the whole coat)
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Secretin
Capsid
Resolution
46. The energy in a system that can be used to drive chemical reactions. If the change in free energy of a reaction (Delta G - the free energy of the products minus the free energy of the energy of the reactants) is negative - the reaction will occur spo
Gibbs free energy
Exocytosis
Trachea
Perfusion
47. MRNA that codes forsingle type of protein - such as is found in eukaryotic cells.
G- protein linked receptor
Afferent arteriole
Monocistronic mRNA
Replication bubbles
48. One of the two small chambers in the heart that receive blood and pass it on to the ventricles. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from teh body through the superior and inferiro vena cavae - adn the left atrium receives oxygenated blood fr
Eukaryotic
Periplasmic space
Helicase
Atrium
49. The three glands in the male reproductive system that reproduce semen: the seminal vesicles - the prostate - and the
Accessory glands
Diastolic pressure
Erythropoietin
Luteal phase
50. An organism that makes its own - typically using CO2 as a carbon source.
Thrombus
Na+/K+ ATPase
Autotroph
Pancreatic duct