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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 3 yr old
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
stridor
20-30

2. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
140-159/90-99
Stroke Volume
thready
Irregular

3. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
16-20
It will also fall
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

4. Average blood pressure should be
Femoral
hyperoxia
30-80
120/70

5. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
lysis
Systolic pressure
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
remittent

6. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
+1
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

7. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

8. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Kussmaul's respiration
bradypnea
arrhythmia
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

9. Excessive sweat production
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Diaphoresis
Biot's
^160/^100

10. Average pulse rate for an adult
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
72 bpm
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

11. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
60 to 70 mL
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

12. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Relapsing
Cardiac Output
Rhonchi
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

13. Diurnal variation BP?
16-20
Feeble
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
hypoxia

14. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Evaporation
hypotension

15. Rectal temperature are
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
hypotension
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

16. Side of wrist
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
lysis
Systolic pressure
Radial

17. Barely palpable
Feeble
carotid
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

18. Lobes in the lungs?
arrhythmia
Eupnea
raises BP.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

19. Bend of knee
popliteal
140-159/90-99
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
shallow or slow breathing

20. How does external respiration occur?
absent
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

21. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
low BP
30-80
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Systolic pressure

22. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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23. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
oximeter
Diastolic pressure
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

24. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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25. Substances tat cause fever
pyrogens
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Apical

26. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
crackles

27. Gradual return to a normal temperature
hypertension
intermittent
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
lysis

28. 1st stage of fever is?
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
pyrogens
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

29. When is apicial pulse used?
Pulse
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Posterior tibial
+3

30. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Diastolic pressure
hypoxemia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

31. When should rectal temperatures be used?
higher
140-159/90-99
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

32. Newborn
30-80
Korotkoff sounds
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

33. Taking a rectal temperature
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

34. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
Core Temperature
popliteal
Convection

35. Stage 2 hypertension
^160/^100
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

36. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
hyperoxia
Rhonchi
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
+3

37. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

38. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
16-20

39. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
hypoxemia
140-159/90-99
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

40. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Systolic pressure
low BP
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

41. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
60 to 70 mL
left Sims position
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Stroke Volume

42. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Cheyenne-Stokes
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

43. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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44. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

45. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
20-30
Cardiac Output
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
remittent

46. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Relapsing
12-20
apnea

47. High BP
Evaporation
hypertension
16-20
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

48. Side of forehead
Korotkoff sounds
Temporal
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
oximeter

49. Adolescent
16-20
tachycardia
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

50. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Korotkoff sounds
+2
dyspnea
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds