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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Risk for prolonged hypertension
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Dorsalis pedis
12-20
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

2. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Stertor
Axillary.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

3. Stage 2 hypertension
^160/^100
Apical
orthostatic hypertension
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

4. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
left Sims position
wheeze
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

5. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Kussmaul's respiration
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

6. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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7. How should respirations be counted?
popliteal
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Feeble
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

8. Substances tat cause fever
pyrogens
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
BMR

9. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Stroke volume
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

10. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
higher
Rhonchi
the lungs
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

11. Bend of elbow
wheeze
96.5 to 97.5
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Brachial

12. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
oximetry
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Relapsing

13. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Biot's respirations

14. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
dyspnea
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

15. Taking a rectal temperature
low
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
120/70

16. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
hypoxia
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

17. Healthly adult
12-20
hyperoxia
Stroke volume
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

18. Fever above 100.2 F
pyrexia
+3
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
low BP

19. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
hypoxia
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Eupnea
Relapsing

20. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
hypoxia
+2
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
60 to 70 mL

21. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
BMR
16-20
wheeze

22. Weak and may be irregular
thready
Core Temperature
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

23. Groin area
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
+1
Femoral
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

24. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
tachycardia
fever
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Eupnea

25. Axillary temperature are
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
wheeze
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

26. Elderly respiration
oximeter
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
16-20
Core Temperature

27. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
120/70
carotid
Biot's
Core Temperature

28. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Cheyenne-Stokes
Hyperventilation
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

29. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Brachial
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Convection

30. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Korotkoff sounds
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Pulse
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

31. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Biot's respirations
140-159/90-99
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
left Sims position

32. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Biot's respirations
Pulse pressure
hypotension
Apical

33. People most at risk for hypertension
120-139/80-89
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

34. Inside ankle
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
constant
97.5 to 99.5
Posterior tibial

35. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
^160/^100
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
orthostatic hypertension

36. An example of nursing planning
wheeze
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Hyperventilation
Stroke Volume

37. Newborn
Cardiac Output
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
30-80
Evaporation

38. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
lysis
+3

39. Side of wrist
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
72 bpm
Radial
constant

40. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Tachypnea
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

41. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Cheyenne-Stokes
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
97.5 to 99.5
+3

42. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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43. State of insufficient oxygen
hypoxia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Eupnea
bradycardia

44. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Hypothermia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
+1

45. Stress & emotions. BP?
higher
bradycardia
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
hypertension

46. 2nd stage of fever is?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
hypertension
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

47. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
Temporal
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
low
constant

48. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
carotid
bradycardia
96.5 to 97.5
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

49. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
low BP
wheeze
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

50. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
30-80
Tachypnea
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
120/70