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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
absent
Hyperventilation
arrhythmia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

2. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
+3
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

3. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
30-80
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Cheyenne-Stokes

4. Top of left foot
raises BP.
60 to 70 mL
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Dorsalis pedis

5. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
120-139/80-89
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Diastolic pressure
low BP

6. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
hypoxia
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Convection
crackles

7. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Stroke volume
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

8. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
Rhonchi
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
120-139/80-89
120/80

9. Inside ankle
bradycardia
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Posterior tibial

10. Prehypertension
Stroke volume
120-139/80-89
left Sims position
Apical

11. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
140-159/90-99
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Conduction
It will also fall

12. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Hypothermia
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

13. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Diastolic pressure
BMR
intermittent
fever

14. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Cardiac Output
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

15. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
ausculatation
remittent
+1
raises BP.

16. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
Femoral
dyspnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
crackles

17. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
lysis
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

18. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Pulse pressure
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
hypoxia
remittent

19. People most at risk for hypertension
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Feeble
BMR

20. Weak and may be irregular
thready
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Radial
BMR

21. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

22. How is shock caused?
orthostatic hypertension
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
BMR

23. Taking axillary temperature
It will also fall
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Cardiac Output
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

24. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
BMR
the lungs
constant
stridor

25. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
+3
carotid

26. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Eupnea
pyrexia
Dorsalis pedis
pyrogens

27. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
low BP
orthostatic hypertension
30-80
97.5 to 99.5

28. Stage 1 hypertension
arrhythmia
140-159/90-99
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Korotkoff sounds

29. Gradual return to a normal temperature
60 to 70 mL
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
lysis
carotid

30. Average blood pressure should be
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
120/70
Korotkoff sounds

31. Newborn
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Hypothermia
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
30-80

32. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
+3
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Korotkoff sounds
BMR

33. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

34. Low oxygen
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
hypoxia
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

35. Measurement of oxygen
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
intermittent
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
oximetry

36. Elevated temperature
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
fever
Cheyenne-Stokes
Respiration

37. Bend of elbow
Brachial
120-139/80-89
20-30
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

38. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
absent
oximetry
stridor

39. How do drugs affect pulse?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

40. Side of forehead
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Temporal

41. Absence of breathing
Axillary.
apnea
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Korotkoff sounds

42. 3rd stage of fever?
pyrexia
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
140-159/90-99
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

43. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

44. Feel
Cardiac Output
palpate
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

45. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
Diastolic pressure
wheeze
bradypnea
Biot's respirations

46. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
carotid
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Stertor
tachycardia

47. How is pulse best found?
Stroke volume
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
96.5 to 97.5
Cheyenne-Stokes

48. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

49. Sex BP?
pyrexia
the lungs
fever
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

50. Elderly respiration
tachycardia
16-20
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia