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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Tachypnea
low BP
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

2. Symptoms of hypoxia
Biot's
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

3. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
shallow or slow breathing
low BP
16-20

4. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
intermittent
Stertor
hypoxia
Cheyenne-Stokes

5. Top of left foot
hypoxia
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Dorsalis pedis
120/80

6. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
tachycardia
fever
Stroke volume
Apical

7. Those at risk for hypothermia include
low
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

8. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
left Sims position
72 bpm
oximeter

9. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
dyspnea
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
stridor

10. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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11. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
BMR
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
intermittent
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

12. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
Stroke Volume
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Korotkoff sounds

13. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Korotkoff sounds
hypoxia
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

14. When is apicial pulse used?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
16-20
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

15. Measurement of oxygen
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
oximetry
120-139/80-89

16. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
Pulse pressure
hypoxia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Eupnea

17. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
thready
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

18. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Core Temperature
Hyperventilation
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
16-20

19. Taking axillary temperature
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Biot's respirations
stridor

20. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
30-80

21. State of insufficient oxygen
hypoxia
Biot's respirations
Rhonchi
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

22. How does external respiration occur?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
hypoxia

23. Adolescent
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
16-20
BMR
Core Temperature

24. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
orthostatic hypertension
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
hypertension

25. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
crackles
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Cardiac Output
hypertension

26. How is pulse best found?
absent
Temporal
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

27. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
bradypnea
Pedal pulse
dyspnea
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

28. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
12-20
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Biot's respirations

29. 3 yr old
72 bpm
Apical
20-30
oximeter

30. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Convection
low

31. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Core Temperature
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Diastolic pressure
orthostatic hypertension

32. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
120/70
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Hyperventilation

33. Healthly adult
left Sims position
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Kussmaul's respiration
12-20

34. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
BMR
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Feeble
Relapsing

35. Bend of knee
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
popliteal
Brachial
120/70

36. Fever above 100.2 F
pyrexia
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
thready
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

37. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
Diaphoresis
remittent
low BP
popliteal

38. Groin area
+2
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Femoral

39. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Hypothermia
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
higher
remittent

40. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
hyperoxia

41. Hearing
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
ausculatation
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
carotid

42. Stage 1 hypertension
absent
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Temporal
140-159/90-99

43. The average temperature in the older adult
16-20
crackles
96.5 to 97.5
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

44. Prehypertension
Rhonchi
120-139/80-89
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
dyspnea

45. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
Tachypnea
72 bpm
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
BMR

46. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
140-159/90-99
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Eupnea
Brachial

47. Elderly respiration
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
16-20
+1
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

48. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Relapsing
Respiration
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Feeble

49. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
constant
bradypnea
crackles
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

50. Bend of elbow
Brachial
Irregular
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
shallow or slow breathing