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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
stridor
popliteal
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

2. High oxygen
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
hyperoxia

3. State of insufficient oxygen
wheeze
hypoxia
Tachypnea
20-30

4. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
wheeze
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Irregular

5. How do drugs affect pulse?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

6. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
Convection
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Tachypnea
thready

7. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
97.5 to 99.5
low
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

8. Elderly respiration
Dorsalis pedis
Apical
hypoxemia
16-20

9. How should respirations be counted?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
97.5 to 99.5
hyperoxia

10. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
absent
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Hyperventilation
oximeter

11. Signs and symptoms of shock
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Convection
Evaporation

12. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
the lungs
Pulse pressure
Dorsalis pedis

13. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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14. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
stridor
shallow or slow breathing
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

15. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
Diastolic pressure
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
lysis
wheeze

16. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
oximetry
Stroke Volume
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Posterior tibial

17. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Apical
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

18. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
higher
97.5 to 99.5
Dorsalis pedis

19. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
bradypnea
pyrexia
Stertor

20. How does external respiration occur?
oximeter
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
+2
crackles

21. This affects the character of the pulse.
140-159/90-99
Stroke Volume
+1
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

22. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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23. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
intermittent
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Cardiac Output

24. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
thready
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

25. Head injury BP?
raises BP.
hypoxia
Cardiac Output
Respiration

26. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
It will also fall
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
constant

27. Absence of breathing
12-20
Hypothermia
Irregular
apnea

28. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Stroke Volume
palpate
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

29. Fever above 100.2 F
pyrexia
Biot's
It will also fall
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

30. Weak and may be irregular
Respiration
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
20-30
thready

31. Symptoms of hypoxia
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

32. How does age affect pulse?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
97.5 to 99.5
the lungs
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

33. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Convection
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Korotkoff sounds

34. Average pulse rate for an adult
Hypothermia
72 bpm
20-30
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

35. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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36. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
16-20
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

37. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
remittent
low
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Hyperventilation

38. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
remittent
Femoral
60 to 70 mL
bradycardia

39. Prehypertension
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
120-139/80-89
Relapsing
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

40. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Pulse pressure
oximetry
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

41. Newborn
low BP
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Conduction
30-80

42. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
+2
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
stridor
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

43. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
^160/^100
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
20-30
dyspnea

44. Barely palpable
Biot's respirations
Feeble
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
left Sims position

45. 3rd stage of fever?
Dorsalis pedis
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Crisis
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

46. Stage 2 hypertension
^160/^100
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Rhonchi
raises BP.

47. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Stertor
60 to 70 mL
Relapsing
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

48. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
+2
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
carotid

49. Side of forehead
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Temporal
Stroke volume

50. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Hyperventilation
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia