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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Barely palpable
Feeble
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
wheeze
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

2. 3 yr old
apnea
20-30
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

3. Bend of elbow
Pedal pulse
Brachial
shallow or slow breathing
Biot's

4. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Stertor
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

5. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
Stroke Volume
stridor
raises BP.
Kussmaul's respiration

6. How should respirations be counted?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
carotid
oximeter
Stroke volume

7. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
raises BP.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
carotid
60 to 70 mL

8. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Eupnea
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Conduction

9. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
left Sims position
Korotkoff sounds
Respiration
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

10. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

11. 3rd stage of fever?
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Posterior tibial

12. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Respiration
carotid
remittent

13. How do drugs affect pulse?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
stridor
intermittent
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

14. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
120/70
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

15. The average temperature in the older adult
96.5 to 97.5
thready
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
crackles

16. Abrupt decline in fever
crackles
low BP
Dorsalis pedis
Crisis

17. Absence of breathing
thready
apnea
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

18. High oxygen
20-30
bradypnea
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
hyperoxia

19. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
tachycardia
Pulse
Diaphoresis
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

20. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
dyspnea
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
intermittent

21. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
+2
Stroke volume
tachycardia
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

22. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
pyrogens
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
crackles
BMR

23. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
oximetry
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

24. Risk for prolonged hypertension
BMR
Irregular
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Systolic pressure

25. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Crisis
12-20
hypoxemia

26. What are the 5 vital signs?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
hyperoxia
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
apnea

27. Sex BP?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
dyspnea
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

28. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
+1
palpate

29. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
pyrogens
Cardiac Output
Stertor

30. Measurement of oxygen
Temporal
oximetry
Dorsalis pedis
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

31. When should rectal temperatures be used?
16-20
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Biot's respirations

32. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Evaporation
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
arrhythmia
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

33. Fever above 100.2 F
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
pyrexia
Relapsing
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

34. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Evaporation
wheeze
remittent

35. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Diastolic pressure
It will also fall
Feeble

36. Average pulse rate for an adult
72 bpm
Axillary.
^160/^100
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

37. How does age affect pulse?
Femoral
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

38. Side of neck
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Apical
stridor
carotid

39. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
BMR
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Diastolic pressure
hyperoxia

40. Axillary temperature are
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Pulse
apnea

41. How is shock caused?
higher
Cheyenne-Stokes
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

42. Prehypertension
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
120-139/80-89
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

43. BP at or lower 90/60.
20-30
72 bpm
hypotension
constant

44. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Evaporation
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

45. People most at risk for hypertension
Convection
bradypnea
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

46. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
orthostatic hypertension
fever
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
left Sims position

47. Symptoms of hypoxia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
palpate
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

48. Heart
Pulse pressure
constant
Apical
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

49. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Relapsing
Rhonchi
140-159/90-99

50. Head injury BP?
Pulse pressure
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Tachypnea
raises BP.