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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
72 bpm
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
hypoxia
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

2. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Hypothermia
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Core Temperature

3. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Rhonchi
ausculatation
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the lungs

4. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Pulse
Cheyenne-Stokes
Axillary.
120/70

5. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
16-20
Evaporation
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
bradypnea

6. Heart
Apical
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
bradypnea
Stroke volume

7. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
shallow or slow breathing
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
the lungs
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

8. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
20-30
Rhonchi
shallow or slow breathing

9. How do drugs affect pulse?
hypoxia
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
low
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

10. Bend of elbow
Pedal pulse
Brachial
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Stroke Volume

11. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
+2
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

12. Excessive sweat production
60 to 70 mL
bradypnea
Diaphoresis
+2

13. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
Diaphoresis
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
stridor
arrhythmia

14. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
low BP
60 to 70 mL
Axillary.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

15. Measurement of oxygen
oximetry
30-80
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Pedal pulse

16. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Systolic pressure
bradypnea
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

17. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
thready
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
60 to 70 mL

18. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Brachial
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

19. Groin area
Femoral
20-30
hypoxia
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

20. Symptoms of hypoxia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Dorsalis pedis

21. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Stroke volume
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

22. An example of nursing planning
Convection
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Pulse pressure
120-139/80-89

23. Hearing
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Tachypnea
ausculatation
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

24. Taking axillary temperature
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
+1
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

25. Side of forehead
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Pulse
Temporal

26. How is shock caused?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Hypothermia

27. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Core Temperature
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

28. 1st stage of fever is?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
left Sims position
raises BP.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

29. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

30. Lobes in the lungs?
apnea
72 bpm
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

31. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Temporal
hypoxemia
dyspnea

32. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

33. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
+2
Pulse pressure

34. Average pulse rate for an adult
72 bpm
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
hyperoxia

35. When is apicial pulse used?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

36. Stage 1 hypertension
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
absent
Stroke volume
140-159/90-99

37. Healthly adult
higher
Kussmaul's respiration
Biot's respirations
12-20

38. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
hypotension
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Cardiac Output

39. Side of wrist
72 bpm
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Radial
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

40. Absence of breathing
Posterior tibial
Femoral
Hypothermia
apnea

41. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
wheeze
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
BMR
ausculatation

42. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
palpate
hypoxemia
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Korotkoff sounds

43. Elderly respiration
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
120/80
16-20
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

44. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

45. Newborn
Diastolic pressure
hypoxia
16-20
30-80

46. Rectal temperature are
thready
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
stridor

47. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
low
orthostatic hypertension
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

48. How should respirations be counted?
wheeze
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Kussmaul's respiration

49. Risk for prolonged hypertension
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Axillary.
Korotkoff sounds

50. Stress & emotions. BP?
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
higher
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Convection