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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
absent
oximetry
Biot's
96.5 to 97.5

2. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
low
remittent

3. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Core Temperature
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
left Sims position

4. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
Stertor
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
fever
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

5. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Systolic pressure
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
remittent

6. What are the 5 vital signs?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
raises BP.

7. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Biot's respirations
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

8. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
hypotension
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
60 to 70 mL
Core Temperature

9. Lobes in the lungs?
16-20
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
wheeze

10. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
bradypnea
Rhonchi
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
orthostatic hypertension

11. Healthly adult
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
12-20
Conduction

12. Bend of knee
97.5 to 99.5
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
popliteal
Diaphoresis

13. Prehypertension
120-139/80-89
Tachypnea
wheeze
higher

14. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
pyrexia
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

15. Elevated temperature
30-80
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
fever
hypertension

16. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Cardiac Output
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
fever
dyspnea

17. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Eupnea
Stroke Volume
Stroke volume
60 to 70 mL

18. Barely palpable
Biot's respirations
Feeble
bradycardia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

19. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Eupnea
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
+3

20. Top of left foot
tachycardia
Dorsalis pedis
Tachypnea
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

21. Risk for prolonged hypertension
120/70
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Kussmaul's respiration
12-20

22. Enviromental temperature BP?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Tachypnea
popliteal
120-139/80-89

23. Abrupt decline in fever
Temporal
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Crisis
Eupnea

24. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Cardiac Output
dyspnea
orthostatic hypertension

25. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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26. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Irregular
remittent
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
lysis

27. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
120/70
Stroke Volume

28. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Biot's respirations
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

29. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
140-159/90-99
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
remittent

30. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
Systolic pressure
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

31. Sex BP?
fever
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
16-20
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

32. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
120/80
Radial

33. How is shock caused?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
oximeter
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

34. Feel
palpate
Cheyenne-Stokes
^160/^100
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

35. Side of wrist
Radial
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Brachial
fever

36. Heart
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Apical
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

37. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
dyspnea
hypotension
120/70

38. Side of neck
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
72 bpm
Apical
carotid

39. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Apical
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

40. How do drugs affect pulse?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Axillary.
Systolic pressure

41. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
+3
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
140-159/90-99

42. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Stertor
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

43. Stage 2 hypertension
^160/^100
16-20
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Kussmaul's respiration

44. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
wheeze
Systolic pressure
carotid
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

45. Hearing
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
hypoxia
ausculatation
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

46. Stress & emotions. BP?
higher
12-20
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
fever

47. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
thready
low
Stertor
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

48. How should baby's temperature be taken?
fever
Axillary.
Relapsing
72 bpm

49. Excessive sweat production
thready
Diaphoresis
Posterior tibial
Relapsing

50. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
hypoxemia
20-30
Cheyenne-Stokes
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature