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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. High oxygen
the lungs
Radial
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hyperoxia

2. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Pulse
Dorsalis pedis
the lungs

3. Low oxygen
lysis
hypoxia
shallow or slow breathing
Cheyenne-Stokes

4. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
96.5 to 97.5
BMR
Stertor

5. Gradual return to a normal temperature
Pulse pressure
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
lysis
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

6. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
wheeze
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

7. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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8. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
pyrogens
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Stroke volume
Tachypnea

9. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Pedal pulse
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

10. Weak and may be irregular
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
20-30
thready
hypoxia

11. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
60 to 70 mL
Core Temperature
thready
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

12. Groin area
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
20-30
Femoral

13. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Hyperventilation
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

14. Hearing
ausculatation
16-20
Biot's
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

15. High BP
Temporal
hypertension
Diastolic pressure
Axillary.

16. Absence of breathing
^160/^100
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
apnea
Biot's

17. Prehypertension
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
120-139/80-89
hyperoxia
Systolic pressure

18. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
Conduction
Axillary.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

19. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Stertor
intermittent
raises BP.
Stroke volume

20. Normal body temperature ranges?
hypoxia
wheeze
97.5 to 99.5
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

21. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
the lungs
Rhonchi
^160/^100
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

22. Average pulse rate for an adult
Core Temperature
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
bradypnea
72 bpm

23. Elevated temperature
fever
low
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Biot's respirations

24. Lobes in the lungs?
hypertension
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
ausculatation

25. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
lysis
hypertension
oximeter
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

26. Elderly respiration
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
16-20
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

27. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
hypoxemia
Kussmaul's respiration
16-20
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

28. Risk for prolonged hypertension
intermittent
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Conduction
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

29. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
pyrogens
Rhonchi
Relapsing

30. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Cardiac Output
Pulse
30-80
hypoxemia

31. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
hyperoxia
Korotkoff sounds
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
pyrogens

32. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
wheeze
absent

33. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
oximeter
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

34. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
intermittent
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
96.5 to 97.5
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

35. Bend of knee
Systolic pressure
Pulse
popliteal
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

36. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
BMR

37. An example of a nursing diagnoses
ausculatation
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

38. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
hypertension
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
97.5 to 99.5
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

39. Bend of elbow
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Stroke volume
Brachial
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

40. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
hypoxemia
30-80
Relapsing
bradypnea

41. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Evaporation
arrhythmia
low
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

42. Measurement of oxygen
Brachial
lysis
oximetry
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

43. Barely palpable
Feeble
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Systolic pressure
Brachial

44. Side of forehead
Hypothermia
Temporal
Systolic pressure
Korotkoff sounds

45. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
ausculatation
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

46. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Axillary.
Diastolic pressure
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

47. Heart
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
tachycardia
Apical

48. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
oximetry
thready
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
dyspnea

49. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Core Temperature
Relapsing

50. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
low BP
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
fever
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

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Measuring Vital Signs

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