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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
It will also fall
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

2. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
crackles
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

3. Side of wrist
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Radial
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Evaporation

4. Bend of elbow
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Brachial
It will also fall

5. Heart
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
the lungs
Apical
raises BP.

6. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Diastolic pressure
+2
Irregular
raises BP.

7. Groin area
20-30
Tachypnea
constant
Femoral

8. Those at risk for hypothermia include
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Relapsing
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

9. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
crackles
left Sims position
Temporal

10. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
Kussmaul's respiration
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

11. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Convection
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Stertor

12. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
20-30
+2
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

13. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
140-159/90-99
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
hypoxemia

14. Hearing
ausculatation
constant
hypoxia
Biot's respirations

15. This affects the character of the pulse.
Pulse pressure
Stroke Volume
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

16. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Radial
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

17. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
crackles
left Sims position
stridor

18. Substances tat cause fever
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
pyrogens
Systolic pressure

19. Bend of knee
Brachial
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
popliteal
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

20. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Rhonchi
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
fever
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

21. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

22. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
Convection
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
120/80
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

23. BP at or lower 90/60.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
higher
hypotension

24. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Relapsing
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
+3
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

25. Top of left foot
Feeble
Dorsalis pedis
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

26. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
20-30
Pedal pulse

27. Measurement of oxygen
oximetry
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
palpate
pyrogens

28. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Respiration
hypoxemia
lysis
Stertor

29. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Stroke volume
the lungs
hyperoxia
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

30. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
oximetry
Irregular
the lungs

31. Low oxygen
Pulse pressure
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hypoxia
Cheyenne-Stokes

32. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Axillary.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
remittent

33. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Korotkoff sounds
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Diaphoresis

34. People most at risk for hypertension
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
120/70
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
140-159/90-99

35. Axillary temperature are
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Dorsalis pedis
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

36. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

37. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Korotkoff sounds
BMR

38. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
constant
96.5 to 97.5
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

39. 3 yr old
Apical
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
140-159/90-99
20-30

40. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
dyspnea
30-80
Irregular
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

41. Weak and may be irregular
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
140-159/90-99
thready
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

42. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Cardiac Output
hypoxia
wheeze
low

43. Stress & emotions. BP?
orthostatic hypertension
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
higher
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

44. Average pulse rate for an adult
72 bpm
Pedal pulse
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

45. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
remittent
bradycardia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

46. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Stroke volume
Diaphoresis

47. How do drugs affect pulse?
Rhonchi
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
low
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

48. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
Stroke Volume
Diastolic pressure
Respiration
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

49. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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50. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
Axillary.
Kussmaul's respiration
remittent
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

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Measuring Vital Signs

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