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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Systolic pressure
20-30

2. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Respiration
Relapsing
Stertor

3. How is pulse best found?
It will also fall
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
30-80
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

4. How is shock caused?
20-30
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Stertor
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

5. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Crisis
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

6. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
16-20
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

7. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
stridor
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Convection
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

8. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
left Sims position
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
120/70

9. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
BMR
Pulse

10. Those at risk for hypothermia include
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
hypoxemia
Evaporation

11. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
absent
Relapsing
fever

12. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
higher
remittent
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

13. Risk for prolonged hypertension
remittent
the lungs
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

14. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Respiration
Core Temperature
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

15. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Respiration
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
60 to 70 mL
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

16. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Hyperventilation
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Axillary.

17. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
stridor
Respiration
+1

18. How do you measure the apical pulse?
the lungs
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

19. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
carotid
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Hypothermia
orthostatic hypertension

20. Feel
intermittent
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
palpate
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

21. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
Core Temperature
Pedal pulse
Hyperventilation
dyspnea

22. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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23. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
+2
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Biot's

24. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
left Sims position
Apical
higher

25. Newborn
Conduction
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
low BP
30-80

26. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Conduction
Rhonchi
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

27. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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28. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
pyrogens
wheeze
Evaporation

29. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Tachypnea
wheeze
Kussmaul's respiration

30. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Kussmaul's respiration
Eupnea
lysis
arrhythmia

31. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Apical

32. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
120-139/80-89
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

33. Groin area
low BP
Femoral
Crisis
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

34. Healthly adult
Rhonchi
12-20
bradypnea
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

35. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
fever

36. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
Systolic pressure
lysis
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

37. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
120/70
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
hyperoxia
constant

38. Stage 1 hypertension
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
140-159/90-99
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

39. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
Conduction
Crisis
bradycardia
Systolic pressure

40. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
left Sims position
arrhythmia
Radial

41. Bend of elbow
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Brachial
20-30
Evaporation

42. High oxygen
hyperoxia
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

43. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
arrhythmia
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Feeble
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

44. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Stroke Volume
palpate
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
oximetry

45. State of insufficient oxygen
hypoxemia
hypoxia
bradycardia
Axillary.

46. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
20-30
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
ausculatation

47. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Diaphoresis
12-20
Pedal pulse
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

48. Barely palpable
intermittent
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Feeble
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

49. Rectal temperature are
Pulse
Femoral
low
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

50. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Korotkoff sounds
120-139/80-89
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.