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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Evaporation
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Tachypnea
intermittent

2. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
hypoxemia
Pulse pressure
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

3. Lobes in the lungs?
Femoral
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

4. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Pulse
20-30
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

5. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
hypertension
remittent
Temporal
hyperoxia

6. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
shallow or slow breathing
carotid
low BP
Posterior tibial

7. Stage 2 hypertension
BMR
30-80
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
^160/^100

8. Hearing
oximetry
higher
ausculatation
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

9. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
arrhythmia
tachycardia
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

10. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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11. Fever above 100.2 F
bradycardia
pyrexia
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
low

12. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
lysis
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

13. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Pulse
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

14. Taking a rectal temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
dyspnea
hypotension

15. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
hypertension
oximeter

16. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Cheyenne-Stokes
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

17. Those at risk for hypothermia include
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
popliteal
bradypnea
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

18. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
hypoxia
Hypothermia
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

19. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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20. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Hypothermia
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

21. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
left Sims position
120/80
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
96.5 to 97.5

22. Taking axillary temperature
16-20
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Hypothermia
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

23. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
intermittent
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

24. Low oxygen
Pulse
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Hyperventilation
hypoxia

25. Substances tat cause fever
96.5 to 97.5
pyrogens
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
constant

26. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
+3
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

27. State of insufficient oxygen
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
hypoxia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

28. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Korotkoff sounds
pyrogens

29. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Diastolic pressure
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Systolic pressure

30. Stress & emotions. BP?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
higher
constant
120/80

31. Top of left foot
120-139/80-89
Dorsalis pedis
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
97.5 to 99.5

32. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Stroke Volume
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

33. BP at or lower 90/60.
hypotension
crackles
Temporal
Stroke Volume

34. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Biot's respirations
Pulse
Core Temperature
pyrogens

35. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Hyperventilation
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
BMR

36. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Korotkoff sounds
Feeble
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Biot's

37. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
Rhonchi
dyspnea
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
thready

38. Average pulse rate for an adult
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
72 bpm
Apical
120/80

39. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
96.5 to 97.5
72 bpm
Respiration

40. What are the 5 vital signs?
hypertension
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
140-159/90-99
^160/^100

41. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
low BP
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Apical
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

42. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
+3
Cardiac Output
hypoxia
orthostatic hypertension

43. Side of forehead
Pulse pressure
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
hypoxemia
Temporal

44. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
raises BP.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Core Temperature
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

45. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
bradypnea
shallow or slow breathing
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

46. Barely palpable
Feeble
Stroke Volume
72 bpm
Biot's

47. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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48. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
60 to 70 mL
pyrogens
Posterior tibial
97.5 to 99.5

49. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
16-20
+3
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

50. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
120/80