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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Diastolic pressure
fever
Conduction
bradypnea

2. Weak and may be irregular
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
thready
Relapsing
arrhythmia

3. BP at or lower 90/60.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
16-20
hypotension

4. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
remittent
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
shallow or slow breathing

5. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
thready
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Pulse
Hypothermia

6. State of insufficient oxygen
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
hypoxia
Systolic pressure
Korotkoff sounds

7. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Irregular
Korotkoff sounds
hypoxia
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

8. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
constant
oximeter
Biot's

9. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Evaporation
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Hypothermia

10. Signs and symptoms of shock
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Stertor
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
thready

11. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
12-20
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

12. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
wheeze
Systolic pressure
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
absent

13. Feel
palpate
Cheyenne-Stokes
bradycardia
Eupnea

14. How should baby's temperature be taken?
fever
Axillary.
lysis
carotid

15. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
oximeter
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Evaporation
Tachypnea

16. Substances tat cause fever
pyrogens
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Hypothermia
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

17. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
orthostatic hypertension
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
higher
Dorsalis pedis

18. Absence of breathing
low
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
30-80
apnea

19. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
16-20
Convection
left Sims position
hypoxemia

20. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Apical

21. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
stridor
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
remittent

22. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Biot's
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

23. Risk for prolonged hypertension
Irregular
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Hyperventilation
Systolic pressure

24. When should rectal temperatures be used?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
97.5 to 99.5
pyrexia
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

25. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Kussmaul's respiration
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Cardiac Output
Stertor

26. Symptoms of hypoxia
96.5 to 97.5
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

27. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
wheeze
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Temporal
Irregular

28. High oxygen
absent
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
hyperoxia

29. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
hyperoxia
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
higher
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

30. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
hypoxemia
Respiration
Tachypnea
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

31. The average temperature in the older adult
Tachypnea
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
96.5 to 97.5
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

32. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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33. How should respirations be counted?
hypoxia
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
BMR
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

34. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
Feeble
Rhonchi
bradycardia
dyspnea

35. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
Evaporation
apnea
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
+1

36. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Stroke volume
Biot's
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

37. Newborn
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Dorsalis pedis
Feeble
30-80

38. Excessive sweat production
Cheyenne-Stokes
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
oximetry
Diaphoresis

39. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
lysis
constant
crackles
hypoxia

40. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
hypoxemia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
ausculatation

41. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Temporal
60 to 70 mL
Pulse pressure
BMR

42. Stress & emotions. BP?
higher
wheeze
Apical
Korotkoff sounds

43. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
It will also fall
Femoral
Brachial

44. Healthly adult
12-20
palpate
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

45. Prehypertension
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
120-139/80-89

46. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

47. Normal body temperature ranges?
fever
97.5 to 99.5
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

48. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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49. 2nd stage of fever is?
Dorsalis pedis
lysis
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

50. Bend of elbow
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Feeble
Brachial
Biot's respirations