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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

2. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
crackles
16-20
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Pulse pressure

3. Gradual return to a normal temperature
Cheyenne-Stokes
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Systolic pressure
lysis

4. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
Dorsalis pedis
fever
bradypnea
lysis

5. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Conduction
+3
16-20
BMR

6. Bend of knee
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
popliteal
Korotkoff sounds

7. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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8. Heart
hypoxemia
Apical
Hyperventilation
shallow or slow breathing

9. Newborn
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
^160/^100
30-80

10. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Pedal pulse
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

11. Average pulse rate for an adult
Pedal pulse
Cardiac Output
raises BP.
72 bpm

12. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
tachycardia
constant
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
hyperoxia

13. Substances tat cause fever
pyrogens
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
120/80

14. Hearing
ausculatation
20-30
Rhonchi
Brachial

15. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
absent
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

16. An example of a nursing diagnoses
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
+3
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
pyrogens

17. Absence of breathing
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
apnea
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Posterior tibial

18. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Pulse
oximetry

19. High oxygen
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Stroke Volume
hyperoxia
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

20. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
orthostatic hypertension

21. Diurnal variation BP?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
72 bpm
Stertor
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

22. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Pulse
Korotkoff sounds
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

23. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Apical
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
BMR

24. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Cheyenne-Stokes
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
remittent

25. Bend of elbow
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Core Temperature
Kussmaul's respiration
Brachial

26. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
^160/^100
higher
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
oximetry

27. Healthly adult
tachycardia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
12-20
Axillary.

28. Risk for prolonged hypertension
constant
bradypnea
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
ausculatation

29. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
hyperoxia
Core Temperature
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

30. Fever above 100.2 F
Axillary.
pyrexia
ausculatation
shallow or slow breathing

31. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
Core Temperature
Pedal pulse
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

32. Sex BP?
popliteal
Irregular
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

33. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Conduction
Respiration

34. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Core Temperature

35. Stage 1 hypertension
Tachypnea
left Sims position
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
140-159/90-99

36. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Crisis
Irregular
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Feeble

37. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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38. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
bradypnea
hypoxia
low BP
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

39. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Hyperventilation
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Cardiac Output
raises BP.

40. Axillary temperature are
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

41. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Pulse pressure
Temporal
It will also fall
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

42. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Crisis

43. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Diastolic pressure
wheeze

44. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Crisis
wheeze
Pulse pressure
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

45. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

46. 3 yr old
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
20-30
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

47. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
+3
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Tachypnea
Hyperventilation

48. 3rd stage of fever?
Eupnea
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

49. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Pulse
Cardiac Output
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

50. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
+2