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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Low oxygen
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
hypoxia
shallow or slow breathing

2. Healthly adult
Convection
Pedal pulse
low
12-20

3. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
absent
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Feeble
120-139/80-89

4. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Temporal
Respiration
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Posterior tibial

5. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Brachial
Hyperventilation
Pulse

6. BP at or lower 90/60.
Eupnea
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
hypotension
popliteal

7. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
tachycardia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

8. The average temperature in the older adult
16-20
96.5 to 97.5
Femoral
Stroke volume

9. Groin area
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Posterior tibial
97.5 to 99.5
Femoral

10. 1st stage of fever is?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
raises BP.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

11. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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12. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Core Temperature
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
96.5 to 97.5

13. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Posterior tibial
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
60 to 70 mL

14. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
72 bpm
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

15. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
72 bpm
16-20
oximeter
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

16. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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17. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
hypoxemia
hypertension
bradycardia

18. How is shock caused?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
pyrexia
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
16-20

19. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
remittent

20. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
stridor
Cheyenne-Stokes
It will also fall
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

21. Bend of knee
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Apical
bradycardia
popliteal

22. Stage 1 hypertension
carotid
140-159/90-99
Stertor
Crisis

23. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Axillary.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
stridor
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

24. How does age affect pulse?
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
the lungs
120/70
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

25. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
crackles
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Cheyenne-Stokes

26. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Irregular
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Stroke volume

27. Enviromental temperature BP?
ausculatation
raises BP.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

28. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Cheyenne-Stokes
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
left Sims position

29. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
tachycardia
Stroke volume
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

30. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
orthostatic hypertension
intermittent
Radial
hypoxemia

31. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
crackles
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
oximetry
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

32. Rectal temperature are
apnea
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
low
120-139/80-89

33. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Evaporation
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Stroke Volume
It will also fall

34. Side of neck
wheeze
constant
carotid
dyspnea

35. Normal body temperature ranges?
Cardiac Output
97.5 to 99.5
fever
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

36. State of insufficient oxygen
hypoxia
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
120/70

37. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
remittent
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

38. Average pulse rate for an adult
Radial
Irregular
+3
72 bpm

39. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
shallow or slow breathing
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
remittent
Rhonchi

40. Fever above 100.2 F
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
arrhythmia
pyrexia

41. When should rectal temperatures be used?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Apical
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

42. Elevated temperature
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
fever
Feeble
140-159/90-99

43. Axillary temperature are
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
low
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Korotkoff sounds

44. Abrupt decline in fever
Diastolic pressure
Apical
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Crisis

45. Lobes in the lungs?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Biot's respirations
BMR
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

46. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
oximetry
60 to 70 mL
Posterior tibial
left Sims position

47. How should respirations be counted?
the lungs
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
remittent
bradycardia

48. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
crackles
Convection
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

49. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
bradypnea
Pulse pressure
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Radial

50. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Korotkoff sounds
120/70
120/80