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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
+1
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
constant

2. Enviromental temperature BP?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
popliteal
oximetry

3. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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4. How is pulse best found?
low
orthostatic hypertension
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

5. When is apicial pulse used?
Eupnea
16-20
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Kussmaul's respiration

6. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
tachycardia

7. Low oxygen
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
hypoxia

8. How does size affect pulse?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
absent
Cardiac Output

9. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Cardiac Output
Cheyenne-Stokes
Biot's
hypoxia

10. Weak and may be irregular
97.5 to 99.5
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
thready

11. Measurement of oxygen
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
bradypnea
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
oximetry

12. Top of left foot
Dorsalis pedis
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Tachypnea
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

13. The average temperature in the older adult
30-80
hyperoxia
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
96.5 to 97.5

14. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
dyspnea
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

15. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
Stertor
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Eupnea
tachycardia

16. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Cardiac Output
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Tachypnea
bradycardia

17. Stage 2 hypertension
Core Temperature
popliteal
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
^160/^100

18. When should rectal temperatures be used?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Apical
hypoxemia

19. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
bradycardia
Tachypnea
Core Temperature
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

20. Absence of breathing
ausculatation
apnea
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

21. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Rhonchi
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

22. Fever above 100.2 F
pyrexia
hypertension
Tachypnea
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

23. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
Hypothermia
bradypnea
Posterior tibial
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

24. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
oximetry
+2
Irregular
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

25. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
shallow or slow breathing
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
It will also fall
Feeble

26. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
97.5 to 99.5
Pulse
remittent

27. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Diaphoresis
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
hyperoxia
120/80

28. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
intermittent
higher
low
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

29. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
pyrexia
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Diastolic pressure

30. Taking axillary temperature
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Axillary.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
hypoxemia

31. An example of nursing planning
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
30-80
hyperoxia

32. Risk for prolonged hypertension
Diaphoresis
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
140-159/90-99
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

33. Abrupt decline in fever
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Crisis
Radial
Cheyenne-Stokes

34. Side of neck
carotid
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
oximeter
Feeble

35. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
low
lysis
Cardiac Output
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

36. Signs and symptoms of shock
12-20
arrhythmia
Diastolic pressure
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

37. Bend of knee
Brachial
stridor
popliteal
constant

38. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
shallow or slow breathing
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
arrhythmia

39. Newborn
Systolic pressure
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
30-80
Apical

40. Elevated temperature
fever
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Diaphoresis
120/80

41. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
wheeze
shallow or slow breathing
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

42. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
popliteal
BMR
Biot's

43. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

44. Groin area
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Femoral

45. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
60 to 70 mL
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
oximetry

46. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Biot's
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

47. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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48. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
120/80
low
constant
apnea

49. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Cheyenne-Stokes
stridor
20-30

50. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
carotid