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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
hypotension
palpate
crackles
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

2. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

3. Elderly respiration
Pulse
16-20
pyrexia
apnea

4. How do you measure the apical pulse?
constant
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Conduction

5. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

6. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
+3
Tachypnea

7. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
96.5 to 97.5
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Biot's

8. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Stroke volume
+1

9. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
shallow or slow breathing
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
20-30
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

10. Top of left foot
Dorsalis pedis
120/70
^160/^100
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

11. Prehypertension
shallow or slow breathing
120-139/80-89
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
hypertension

12. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
Respiration
Tachypnea
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

13. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
left Sims position
+3
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

14. Bend of elbow
low
Brachial
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

15. Feel
Biot's
Pulse pressure
palpate
Apical

16. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
orthostatic hypertension
140-159/90-99
97.5 to 99.5

17. Enviromental temperature BP?
carotid
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

18. What are the 5 vital signs?
Stroke volume
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Biot's
30-80

19. This affects the character of the pulse.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Stroke Volume
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
lysis

20. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Tachypnea
higher
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
140-159/90-99

21. How does size affect pulse?
96.5 to 97.5
Core Temperature
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

22. Axillary temperature are
Korotkoff sounds
BMR
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
the lungs

23. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
140-159/90-99
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

24. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
hypotension
120-139/80-89
hypoxemia
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

25. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
BMR
bradycardia
thready
apnea

26. BP at or lower 90/60.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
hypotension

27. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
intermittent

28. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Pulse pressure
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

29. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

30. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
+3
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Rhonchi

31. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Relapsing
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Axillary.
Feeble

32. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Evaporation
apnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

33. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
carotid
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
120-139/80-89
orthostatic hypertension

34. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
raises BP.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

35. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Femoral
16-20
+1

36. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
Stroke Volume
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
20-30

37. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
constant
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

38. The average temperature in the older adult
96.5 to 97.5
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Radial
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

39. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

40. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Crisis
low
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Brachial

41. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
BMR
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

42. Rectal temperature are
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Posterior tibial
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

43. Newborn
higher
bradycardia
30-80
Conduction

44. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
thready
120/70
bradypnea

45. Barely palpable
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
crackles
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Feeble

46. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
pyrogens
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

47. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
fever
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
remittent

48. 3 yr old
hypotension
thready
20-30
hypoxemia

49. How do drugs affect pulse?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
bradypnea
lysis
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

50. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Cheyenne-Stokes
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Radial