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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. State of insufficient oxygen
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
lysis
hypoxia
Convection

2. Sex BP?
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
^160/^100
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

3. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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4. Inside ankle
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Systolic pressure
Posterior tibial
Diaphoresis

5. How do drugs affect pulse?
Pedal pulse
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
constant
Pulse pressure

6. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
hypoxemia
20-30
higher
Biot's

7. Side of wrist
bradycardia
Radial
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
arrhythmia

8. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
oximetry
apnea
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
pyrexia

9. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
thready
orthostatic hypertension

10. Symptoms of hypoxia
20-30
120/80
ausculatation
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

11. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
shallow or slow breathing
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

12. How should baby's temperature be taken?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
the lungs
low BP
Axillary.

13. Side of forehead
ausculatation
Temporal
oximetry
hypoxia

14. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
16-20
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

15. Enviromental temperature BP?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
16-20
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

16. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
apnea
Stertor
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

17. This affects the character of the pulse.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Tachypnea
Stroke Volume
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

18. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Hypothermia
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Feeble

19. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
It will also fall
stridor
+3
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

20. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
bradypnea
carotid
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

21. Head injury BP?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
lysis
Axillary.
raises BP.

22. Heart
Diastolic pressure
Evaporation
Apical
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

23. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
low BP
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Temporal
Brachial

24. Those at risk for hypothermia include
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

25. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
crackles
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

26. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Apical
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

27. An example of nursing planning
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

28. Normal body temperature ranges?
hypoxemia
97.5 to 99.5
60 to 70 mL
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

29. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
oximetry
Diastolic pressure
Pedal pulse
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

30. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Core Temperature
pyrogens
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

31. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
carotid
60 to 70 mL
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

32. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Evaporation
hypotension
Biot's respirations
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

33. Lobes in the lungs?
Brachial
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
hypotension

34. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
raises BP.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

35. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
low
thready

36. High oxygen
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
97.5 to 99.5
hyperoxia
raises BP.

37. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
tachycardia
low BP

38. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
tachycardia
Rhonchi
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

39. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
low BP
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

40. Feel
absent
palpate
low
16-20

41. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
oximeter
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
tachycardia
Dorsalis pedis

42. Bend of elbow
Convection
Brachial
raises BP.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

43. Abrupt decline in fever
72 bpm
Crisis
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

44. Measurement of oxygen
constant
Dorsalis pedis
oximetry
Femoral

45. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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46. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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47. Risk for prolonged hypertension
+1
Pulse
Femoral
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

48. Average pulse rate for an adult
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Conduction
hypoxia
72 bpm

49. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Stroke Volume
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

50. Signs and symptoms of shock
Pulse
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Diastolic pressure

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Measuring Vital Signs

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