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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
hypoxemia
Stroke volume
Femoral
Tachypnea

2. How is pulse best found?
orthostatic hypertension
Tachypnea
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

3. Barely palpable
Feeble
bradypnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
low BP

4. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Systolic pressure
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
hypoxemia
Posterior tibial

5. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
arrhythmia
20-30
lysis

6. An example of nursing planning
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
ausculatation
Rhonchi

7. Diurnal variation BP?
Stertor
hyperoxia
bradypnea
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

8. Average blood pressure should be
60 to 70 mL
120/70
Respiration
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

9. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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10. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
popliteal
Tachypnea
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

11. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
wheeze
Korotkoff sounds
the lungs
Respiration

12. Inside ankle
Posterior tibial
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Diaphoresis
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

13. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
lysis
Systolic pressure
wheeze
120/80

14. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Cardiac Output
+1
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Femoral

15. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
BMR
12-20
It will also fall

16. Rectal temperature are
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
+3
thready
12-20

17. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Stroke Volume
Respiration
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

18. Head injury BP?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Feeble
raises BP.
Evaporation

19. Substances tat cause fever
120/70
Evaporation
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
pyrogens

20. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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21. Newborn
pyrexia
30-80
hyperoxia
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

22. Excessive sweat production
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
oximetry
intermittent
Diaphoresis

23. Signs and symptoms of shock
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
palpate
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

24. Fever above 100.2 F
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
pyrexia
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

25. Measurement of oxygen
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
oximetry

26. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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27. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
oximetry
tachycardia
Hyperventilation
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

28. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
dyspnea
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
hypoxia
crackles

29. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
intermittent
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

30. Top of left foot
pyrogens
Dorsalis pedis
Evaporation
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

31. Elevated temperature
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
fever
Posterior tibial
higher

32. Low oxygen
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
It will also fall
hypoxia
left Sims position

33. Healthly adult
120-139/80-89
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
12-20

34. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Biot's
shallow or slow breathing
12-20
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

35. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Convection
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
pyrogens

36. How does size affect pulse?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Evaporation

37. Average pulse rate for an adult
Pedal pulse
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
72 bpm

38. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Radial
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
apnea

39. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
Kussmaul's respiration
60 to 70 mL
remittent
crackles

40. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
16-20
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Stroke volume

41. BP at or lower 90/60.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Cheyenne-Stokes
hypotension
Stroke volume

42. 1st stage of fever is?
BMR
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

43. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
120-139/80-89
60 to 70 mL
remittent
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

44. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Pedal pulse

45. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
stridor
It will also fall
Stertor

46. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
30-80
palpate
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

47. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
dyspnea
140-159/90-99
stridor
hypertension

48. 3rd stage of fever?
carotid
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
16-20

49. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
dyspnea
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

50. Bend of knee
^160/^100
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
hypoxia
popliteal