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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
+3
Korotkoff sounds

2. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Radial
Relapsing
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Korotkoff sounds

3. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Tachypnea
^160/^100
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Convection

4. When is apicial pulse used?
Stertor
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

5. Feel
shallow or slow breathing
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
arrhythmia
palpate

6. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
the lungs
Diaphoresis
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Conduction

7. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
hypoxemia
Cardiac Output
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
+3

8. Gradual return to a normal temperature
lysis
Convection
It will also fall
palpate

9. 3 yr old
oximeter
Convection
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
20-30

10. How does age affect pulse?
apnea
bradypnea
+1
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

11. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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12. Hearing
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
ausculatation
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

13. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
low BP
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
bradypnea
dyspnea

14. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
low
+3

15. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
higher

16. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Stroke volume
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
120-139/80-89
16-20

17. How should baby's temperature be taken?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
popliteal
120-139/80-89
Axillary.

18. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
Tachypnea
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
bradycardia
orthostatic hypertension

19. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
crackles

20. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
+1
the lungs
crackles
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

21. Enviromental temperature BP?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Irregular
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

22. People most at risk for hypertension
Rhonchi
raises BP.
carotid
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

23. Adolescent
16-20
^160/^100
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Cheyenne-Stokes

24. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Brachial
hypertension
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Cheyenne-Stokes

25. Sex BP?
Korotkoff sounds
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Feeble

26. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
higher
Hyperventilation
Respiration

27. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
arrhythmia
Conduction

28. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
shallow or slow breathing
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

29. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Hypothermia
Respiration
Femoral

30. Weak and may be irregular
Diaphoresis
Pulse pressure
thready
Pulse

31. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

32. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
wheeze
96.5 to 97.5
low BP

33. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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34. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
+1
Eupnea
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
pyrogens

35. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
the lungs
ausculatation
crackles

36. High oxygen
hypoxia
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
hyperoxia
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

37. 3rd stage of fever?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
hypertension
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

38. BP at or lower 90/60.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
It will also fall
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
hypotension

39. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Stertor
72 bpm
oximetry
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

40. Low oxygen
Eupnea
oximeter
hypoxia
thready

41. Healthly adult
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
ausculatation
12-20
It will also fall

42. The average temperature in the older adult
96.5 to 97.5
palpate
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
the lungs

43. Fever above 100.2 F
Temporal
pyrexia
Evaporation
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

44. Elevated temperature
fever
Pulse pressure
16-20
Evaporation

45. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
Pulse
pyrexia
72 bpm
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

46. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
bradypnea
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
crackles
oximeter

47. High BP
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
hypertension
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

48. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
hyperoxia
orthostatic hypertension
+1
oximeter

49. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
the lungs
pyrexia
hypoxemia
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

50. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Systolic pressure
hypotension
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Relapsing