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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Kussmaul's respiration
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
ausculatation

2. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
It will also fall
+1
16-20

3. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

4. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
16-20
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
+3

5. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
stridor
crackles
Hypothermia

6. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
bradypnea
absent
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

7. High oxygen
hyperoxia
wheeze
Korotkoff sounds
low

8. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
constant
120-139/80-89
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
+3

9. An example of nursing planning
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
bradycardia

10. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
arrhythmia
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

11. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
tachycardia
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

12. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
+1
Korotkoff sounds
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

13. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
higher

14. Top of left foot
Dorsalis pedis
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

15. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Femoral
the lungs
Conduction
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

16. Rectal temperature are
carotid
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

17. When is apicial pulse used?
Femoral
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Biot's

18. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
hypertension
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

19. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
absent
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

20. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
intermittent
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Hypothermia
Biot's

21. How does size affect pulse?
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
higher

22. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
low BP
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Cardiac Output

23. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
fever
Dorsalis pedis
Axillary.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

24. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Pulse
Rhonchi
Pedal pulse

25. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
12-20
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Cheyenne-Stokes

26. When should rectal temperatures be used?
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Biot's respirations
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

27. Signs and symptoms of shock
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

28. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
higher
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
intermittent

29. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
96.5 to 97.5
higher
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

30. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
hypoxia
96.5 to 97.5
Femoral
+2

31. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
hypotension
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Crisis
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

32. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Korotkoff sounds
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

33. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
+2
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

34. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Stertor
30-80
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
carotid

35. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Tachypnea

36. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
+3
120/70
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Apical

37. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
Conduction
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
pyrexia
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

38. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
absent
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

39. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
It will also fall
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
shallow or slow breathing
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

40. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
apnea
Rhonchi
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
12-20

41. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
arrhythmia
constant
Evaporation

42. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Stroke Volume
Rhonchi
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

43. Barely palpable
hypotension
Feeble
low BP
120-139/80-89

44. State of insufficient oxygen
Pulse
96.5 to 97.5
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
hypoxia

45. 3 yr old
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
20-30
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

46. Measurement of oxygen
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Femoral
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
oximetry

47. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Stroke volume
oximeter
It will also fall
orthostatic hypertension

48. How should baby's temperature be taken?
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Axillary.
Stertor
Cheyenne-Stokes

49. Symptoms of hypoxia
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

50. How is shock caused?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
120/80
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same