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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Head injury BP?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
raises BP.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

2. Bend of knee
ausculatation
Pedal pulse
Stertor
popliteal

3. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
30-80
16-20
120/70

4. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
+1
orthostatic hypertension
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

5. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Pedal pulse
Respiration
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

6. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
hypotension
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
BMR
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

7. Newborn
+2
Crisis
30-80
fever

8. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Irregular
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Pulse pressure
Femoral

9. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
intermittent
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Femoral
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

10. Feel
palpate
Evaporation
Posterior tibial
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

11. How do drugs affect pulse?
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
120/80
oximetry

12. Excessive sweat production
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Diaphoresis
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Posterior tibial

13. Side of forehead
Temporal
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Tachypnea
the lungs

14. Side of wrist
Radial
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
wheeze
orthostatic hypertension

15. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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16. Rectal temperature are
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Crisis
wheeze
carotid

17. Axillary temperature are
bradypnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
arrhythmia
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

18. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
raises BP.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
wheeze
120/80

19. 1st stage of fever is?
96.5 to 97.5
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Convection
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

20. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
intermittent
arrhythmia
Korotkoff sounds
dyspnea

21. High oxygen
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
hyperoxia
Stroke Volume
low

22. Measurement of oxygen
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Axillary.
oximetry
Stroke Volume

23. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Pulse pressure
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

24. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
stridor
orthostatic hypertension
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

25. Healthly adult
12-20
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Irregular
Systolic pressure

26. Top of left foot
Dorsalis pedis
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

27. Fever above 100.2 F
Brachial
+3
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
pyrexia

28. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
Biot's respirations
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

29. How does size affect pulse?
Stertor
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Pulse

30. Adolescent
hypertension
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
16-20
Evaporation

31. Risk for prolonged hypertension
popliteal
tachycardia
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Kussmaul's respiration

32. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
hypoxemia
Eupnea
palpate

33. Sex BP?
shallow or slow breathing
dyspnea
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Apical

34. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Cheyenne-Stokes
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
stridor
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

35. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Pulse pressure
hyperoxia
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

36. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Diaphoresis
hypoxia
popliteal

37. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Korotkoff sounds
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
remittent

38. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Convection
Evaporation
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

39. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
^160/^100
Stroke volume
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

40. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Core Temperature
raises BP.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

41. What are the 5 vital signs?
Diastolic pressure
Relapsing
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

42. State of insufficient oxygen
hypoxia
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

43. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Dorsalis pedis
Femoral
Conduction
constant

44. The average temperature in the older adult
Respiration
96.5 to 97.5
thready
Convection

45. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

46. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
20-30
Stroke volume
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

47. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
16-20
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

48. Absence of breathing
higher
hypertension
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
apnea

49. Barely palpable
Posterior tibial
Femoral
the lungs
Feeble

50. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
stridor
Kussmaul's respiration
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.