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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Barely palpable
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Feeble
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
oximeter

2. Elevated temperature
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
fever
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

3. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the lungs
60 to 70 mL

4. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
shallow or slow breathing
bradypnea
the lungs
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

5. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
120/80
Eupnea
arrhythmia
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

6. Side of neck
low
carotid
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
absent

7. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
apnea
oximeter
Pulse pressure
Radial

8. High oxygen
30-80
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
hyperoxia
Diaphoresis

9. Fever above 100.2 F
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
97.5 to 99.5
pyrexia
16-20

10. Excessive sweat production
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Diaphoresis

11. When should rectal temperatures be used?
72 bpm
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
arrhythmia
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

12. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
20-30
Crisis

13. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
BMR
hypoxia

14. Bend of knee
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Kussmaul's respiration
popliteal
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

15. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
intermittent
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

16. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
tachycardia
Korotkoff sounds

17. Bend of elbow
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
16-20
Brachial
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

18. Measurement of oxygen
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
oximetry
bradycardia
low

19. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
higher
hypoxemia
Rhonchi
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

20. 2nd stage of fever is?
60 to 70 mL
Tachypnea
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

21. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
96.5 to 97.5
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
60 to 70 mL

22. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

23. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
tachycardia
low BP
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

24. Side of wrist
Radial
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Brachial
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

25. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Systolic pressure
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
orthostatic hypertension

26. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
20-30
Eupnea

27. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Axillary.
Femoral
Tachypnea
^160/^100

28. How do drugs affect pulse?
Convection
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
+2
16-20

29. Risk for prolonged hypertension
higher
hypoxia
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
arrhythmia

30. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Dorsalis pedis
Cheyenne-Stokes
Eupnea
+2

31. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
Feeble
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Apical
60 to 70 mL

32. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Radial
Relapsing
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
30-80

33. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
60 to 70 mL
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
carotid

34. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Tachypnea

35. Average pulse rate for an adult
72 bpm
bradycardia
oximetry
Axillary.

36. Stress & emotions. BP?
remittent
higher
hypoxemia
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

37. How should respirations be counted?
Relapsing
hypotension
Conduction
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

38. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
popliteal
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Pedal pulse
Cheyenne-Stokes

39. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Irregular
orthostatic hypertension

40. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Diastolic pressure
Evaporation
20-30
hyperoxia

41. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
120-139/80-89
bradycardia
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

42. Diurnal variation BP?
oximetry
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
dyspnea
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

43. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Apical
carotid
oximeter
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

44. How do you measure the apical pulse?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
120-139/80-89
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

45. Stage 1 hypertension
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
140-159/90-99
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Apical

46. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
hypoxia
Irregular
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

47. How does external respiration occur?
16-20
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
120-139/80-89
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

48. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
left Sims position
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Irregular

49. Weak and may be irregular
Posterior tibial
Biot's respirations
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
thready

50. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
low
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
wheeze