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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Femoral
pyrogens
Pedal pulse
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

2. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
oximeter
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
BMR
Apical

3. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
bradypnea
the lungs

4. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
apnea
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
120-139/80-89

5. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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6. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Femoral
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Apical
Respiration

7. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
thready
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

8. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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9. How is pulse best found?
ausculatation
palpate
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Posterior tibial

10. Bend of knee
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
popliteal
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Respiration

11. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Stertor

12. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
16-20
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
hypotension

13. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
BMR
Stroke Volume
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
stridor

14. Rectal temperature are
higher
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
+3
Cheyenne-Stokes

15. Top of left foot
Dorsalis pedis
hypotension
Pulse pressure
raises BP.

16. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
bradypnea
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

17. How do you measure the apical pulse?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
16-20
Dorsalis pedis
Pulse

18. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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19. Abrupt decline in fever
Crisis
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Radial

20. Hearing
120/70
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
ausculatation
stridor

21. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
pyrogens
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

22. When should rectal temperatures be used?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
96.5 to 97.5
Biot's respirations

23. Signs and symptoms of shock
tachycardia
Hyperventilation
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Radial

24. Groin area
Femoral
hypoxemia
Brachial
constant

25. BP at or lower 90/60.
hypotension
Respiration
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Conduction

26. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
tachycardia

27. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
30-80
hypotension
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
pyrexia

28. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
oximeter
Axillary.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

29. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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30. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Cheyenne-Stokes
Stroke Volume
Biot's
arrhythmia

31. High BP
97.5 to 99.5
apnea
hypertension
Diastolic pressure

32. Excessive sweat production
140-159/90-99
Femoral
Cardiac Output
Diaphoresis

33. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
pyrogens
orthostatic hypertension
Evaporation
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

34. What are the 5 vital signs?
96.5 to 97.5
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
pyrogens

35. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
dyspnea
left Sims position

36. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
higher
BMR
left Sims position
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

37. Side of wrist
orthostatic hypertension
Eupnea
Radial
Systolic pressure

38. High oxygen
Irregular
hyperoxia
left Sims position
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

39. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Apical
Biot's respirations
Eupnea

40. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
+3
arrhythmia
oximetry

41. Stage 1 hypertension
raises BP.
140-159/90-99
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
low

42. Average blood pressure should be
Conduction
120/70
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

43. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
remittent
16-20
left Sims position
Eupnea

44. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
ausculatation

45. Those at risk for hypothermia include
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
+1
Brachial
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

46. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
lysis
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
tachycardia
Stroke volume

47. How does size affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
+1
Diastolic pressure

48. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
+3
apnea
20-30
hypoxemia

49. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
lysis
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

50. Adolescent
ausculatation
low BP
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
16-20