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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
BMR

2. How should baby's temperature be taken?
bradycardia
Axillary.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

3. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Feeble
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Rhonchi
crackles

4. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Stertor
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

5. Feel
120/80
palpate
Temporal
hypertension

6. Measurement of oxygen
Stroke volume
oximetry
16-20
Core Temperature

7. Top of left foot
120/80
Eupnea
Dorsalis pedis
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

8. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
Feeble
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Pulse pressure
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

9. Groin area
Femoral
Korotkoff sounds
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Irregular

10. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Convection
bradypnea
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Eupnea

11. Stage 1 hypertension
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
low BP
140-159/90-99

12. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
palpate
Korotkoff sounds
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

13. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
Posterior tibial
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
bradypnea
orthostatic hypertension

14. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
BMR
Eupnea
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
120-139/80-89

15. Absence of breathing
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
apnea
Systolic pressure
arrhythmia

16. Barely palpable
oximetry
+2
Feeble
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

17. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Cardiac Output
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Pulse pressure
Hypothermia

18. Average pulse rate for an adult
hypoxia
dyspnea
72 bpm
the lungs

19. Substances tat cause fever
Relapsing
pyrogens
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
hypertension

20. Excessive sweat production
^160/^100
low
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Diaphoresis

21. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

22. Healthly adult
+2
12-20
Korotkoff sounds
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

23. Newborn
hypoxia
arrhythmia
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
30-80

24. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
intermittent
+3

25. Gradual return to a normal temperature
lysis
Apical
Evaporation
16-20

26. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
120/70
120/80
low

27. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
60 to 70 mL
pyrexia
Stroke volume
BMR

28. Fever above 100.2 F
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
BMR
the lungs
pyrexia

29. Bend of elbow
arrhythmia
Pulse
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Brachial

30. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

31. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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32. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
thready
left Sims position
Stroke Volume

33. How does external respiration occur?
Pulse
the lungs
12-20
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

34. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
97.5 to 99.5
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
low

35. An example of nursing planning
120/80
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
pyrexia
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

36. How does age affect pulse?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Stroke Volume
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

37. Lobes in the lungs?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Core Temperature
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

38. 1st stage of fever is?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

39. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
dyspnea
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
arrhythmia

40. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
Tachypnea
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
60 to 70 mL

41. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
tachycardia
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
raises BP.

42. State of insufficient oxygen
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Crisis
hypoxia
Axillary.

43. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
pyrexia
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
It will also fall
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

44. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Cheyenne-Stokes
Relapsing
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

45. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
shallow or slow breathing
120/80
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

46. Signs and symptoms of shock
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

47. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
hyperoxia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

48. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
120/80
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

49. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Pulse
low BP
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

50. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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