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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Risk for prolonged hypertension
Pulse pressure
thready
crackles
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

2. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
absent
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Diaphoresis
Korotkoff sounds

3. Groin area
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
96.5 to 97.5
Femoral
Pedal pulse

4. State of insufficient oxygen
Core Temperature
bradycardia
Kussmaul's respiration
hypoxia

5. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
low BP
remittent
Relapsing
Pedal pulse

6. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
120/80
remittent

7. Gradual return to a normal temperature
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Feeble
Axillary.
lysis

8. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
orthostatic hypertension
Stertor

9. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
higher
remittent
oximeter

10. Adolescent
Diastolic pressure
tachycardia
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
16-20

11. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

12. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Diastolic pressure
30-80
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

13. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
shallow or slow breathing
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
hypoxia
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

14. Feel
hypotension
left Sims position
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
palpate

15. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
apnea
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
remittent

16. Stage 2 hypertension
Posterior tibial
intermittent
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
^160/^100

17. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Eupnea

18. 2nd stage of fever is?
low BP
30-80
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

19. Barely palpable
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Axillary.
Feeble
palpate

20. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
60 to 70 mL
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

21. High BP
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
hypertension

22. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Evaporation
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Systolic pressure

23. Symptoms of hypoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

24. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
+3
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
bradycardia
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

25. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
hypoxemia
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
60 to 70 mL

26. Elevated temperature
16-20
fever
Temporal
stridor

27. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
absent
Pulse
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
pyrogens

28. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
absent
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

29. Signs and symptoms of shock
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Radial

30. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
+2
97.5 to 99.5
shallow or slow breathing

31. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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32. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
120-139/80-89
low BP
Biot's respirations
Relapsing

33. Lobes in the lungs?
pyrexia
60 to 70 mL
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

34. An example of nursing planning
apnea
Diastolic pressure
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

35. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
20-30
intermittent
Systolic pressure
Stertor

36. Taking a rectal temperature
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Femoral

37. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
stridor
arrhythmia
fever
+1

38. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Hyperventilation
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
popliteal
96.5 to 97.5

39. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Cardiac Output
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Stertor
bradypnea

40. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
hypoxemia
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
lysis

41. How is shock caused?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
ausculatation
low
60 to 70 mL

42. Taking axillary temperature
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
It will also fall

43. Side of wrist
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Radial
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
absent

44. Top of left foot
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
dyspnea
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Dorsalis pedis

45. How do drugs affect pulse?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Stroke Volume
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

46. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Biot's
12-20
thready
60 to 70 mL

47. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Rhonchi
lysis
the lungs
Stertor

48. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
fever
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

49. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
stridor
Pulse
+3
Temporal

50. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
Apical
Dorsalis pedis
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.