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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Systolic pressure
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

2. Elderly respiration
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
ausculatation
16-20
+3

3. Adolescent
16-20
Apical
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

4. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
12-20
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Hypothermia
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

5. Signs and symptoms of shock
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Feeble

6. Gradual return to a normal temperature
30-80
wheeze
lysis
bradycardia

7. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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8. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
ausculatation
oximeter
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

9. What are the 5 vital signs?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Feeble
dyspnea
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

10. An example of nursing planning
oximeter
Hypothermia
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

11. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
+1
crackles

12. Hearing
Eupnea
ausculatation
Rhonchi
pyrexia

13. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Crisis
+3
absent
thready

14. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
dyspnea
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

15. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Irregular
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
12-20

16. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
tachycardia
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

17. People most at risk for hypertension
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
72 bpm
Systolic pressure

18. Rectal temperature are
Stroke Volume
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

19. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Pulse
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

20. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Convection
Relapsing
constant

21. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

22. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
120/80
+1
low BP
Systolic pressure

23. Side of forehead
Temporal
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

24. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
lysis
Diastolic pressure

25. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
hyperoxia

26. How should respirations be counted?
Systolic pressure
+2
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

27. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
dyspnea
orthostatic hypertension
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

28. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
palpate
bradypnea

29. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Cardiac Output
crackles
the lungs
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

30. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
fever
intermittent
hypoxemia
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

31. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
low BP
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
orthostatic hypertension

32. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
hyperoxia
97.5 to 99.5
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

33. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Irregular
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Posterior tibial

34. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
140-159/90-99
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Biot's respirations
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

35. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
stridor
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Eupnea
120-139/80-89

36. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
Axillary.
Posterior tibial
bradypnea
orthostatic hypertension

37. Bend of knee
popliteal
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
72 bpm
hypotension

38. Absence of breathing
Rhonchi
Korotkoff sounds
apnea
Respiration

39. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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40. Bend of elbow
+1
Brachial
bradycardia
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

41. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
crackles
Systolic pressure
Diastolic pressure

42. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Crisis
120/80
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

43. Healthly adult
^160/^100
12-20
Respiration
97.5 to 99.5

44. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
97.5 to 99.5
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
intermittent

45. Enviromental temperature BP?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
low BP

46. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Posterior tibial
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
higher

47. Newborn
^160/^100
30-80
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Systolic pressure

48. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
intermittent
Biot's respirations

49. The average temperature in the older adult
Posterior tibial
96.5 to 97.5
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Stroke volume

50. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
60 to 70 mL
Pulse pressure
Core Temperature
stridor