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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
low
It will also fall

2. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
120/80

3. The average temperature in the older adult
96.5 to 97.5
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

4. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
hypotension
apnea
Stertor
crackles

5. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
30-80
thready

6. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
hypoxia
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
+3

7. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Femoral
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Pulse
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

8. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Pulse pressure
Relapsing
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Stroke Volume

9. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Stertor
120-139/80-89

10. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
+3
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
120-139/80-89
Tachypnea

11. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
hypotension
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Hyperventilation
thready

12. Newborn
30-80
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
pyrexia
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

13. Weak and may be irregular
Stroke volume
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
thready

14. Rectal temperature are
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
constant

15. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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16. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
20-30
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Femoral

17. Prehypertension
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Systolic pressure
120-139/80-89
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

18. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
higher
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
^160/^100
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

19. People most at risk for hypertension
low
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
140-159/90-99
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

20. When should rectal temperatures be used?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Korotkoff sounds
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

21. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
16-20
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
absent

22. Signs and symptoms of shock
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
bradycardia
palpate
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

23. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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24. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
stridor
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
intermittent
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

25. Side of forehead
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Temporal
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

26. Sex BP?
oximeter
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Evaporation
fever

27. Top of left foot
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
16-20
Dorsalis pedis
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

28. Feel
Pulse pressure
palpate
higher
30-80

29. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Brachial
Cheyenne-Stokes
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

30. Taking axillary temperature
constant
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
hyperoxia

31. Elderly respiration
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
low BP
palpate
16-20

32. How is shock caused?
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

33. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Cheyenne-Stokes
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
97.5 to 99.5

34. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Pulse pressure
Tachypnea
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

35. Hearing
ausculatation
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
carotid
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

36. Healthly adult
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
20-30
+3
12-20

37. When is apicial pulse used?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
hypertension
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

38. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
low BP

39. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
60 to 70 mL
Kussmaul's respiration
bradycardia
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

40. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
Diaphoresis
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

41. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
dyspnea
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

42. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
fever
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
96.5 to 97.5

43. Barely palpable
the lungs
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Feeble
Eupnea

44. Bend of knee
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
popliteal
Biot's respirations
Axillary.

45. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Axillary.

46. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Pedal pulse
It will also fall

47. Normal body temperature ranges?
Pulse
Systolic pressure
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
97.5 to 99.5

48. Stress & emotions. BP?
97.5 to 99.5
Stroke volume
higher
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

49. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Tachypnea
palpate
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Dorsalis pedis

50. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
hypertension
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same