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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Korotkoff sounds
+2
oximeter

2. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
30-80
Pulse pressure
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
It will also fall

3. Sex BP?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Cardiac Output
Eupnea

4. Heart
higher
Biot's respirations
Apical
20-30

5. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Rhonchi
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Korotkoff sounds
ausculatation

6. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Hypothermia
Relapsing
Korotkoff sounds

7. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
16-20
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Evaporation
hypoxemia

8. 1st stage of fever is?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
carotid
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

9. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
fever
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
97.5 to 99.5

10. Side of forehead
carotid
Temporal
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
60 to 70 mL

11. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Stroke volume
absent
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
tachycardia

12. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
hypoxemia
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
left Sims position

13. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
Biot's
Apical
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

14. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Tachypnea

15. An example of nursing planning
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
72 bpm
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Korotkoff sounds

16. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Stroke volume
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Axillary.

17. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Pedal pulse
Evaporation

18. Substances tat cause fever
Irregular
pyrogens
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Axillary.

19. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
higher
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
popliteal

20. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Evaporation
20-30
Crisis

21. Bend of knee
popliteal
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

22. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
Stroke Volume
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
wheeze
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

23. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
BMR
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Kussmaul's respiration

24. Normal body temperature ranges?
Rhonchi
97.5 to 99.5
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

25. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
97.5 to 99.5
12-20
Eupnea
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

26. Groin area
Femoral
72 bpm
constant
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

27. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
Axillary.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Pulse pressure

28. How does external respiration occur?
pyrexia
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

29. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
lysis
+3
96.5 to 97.5

30. Weak and may be irregular
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
thready
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
higher

31. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
stridor
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
the lungs
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

32. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
bradypnea
hypoxia
fever
+1

33. Taking a rectal temperature
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
120-139/80-89

34. Low oxygen
Conduction
hypoxia
Femoral
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

35. Inside ankle
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Posterior tibial
120-139/80-89
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

36. Enviromental temperature BP?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
popliteal
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

37. 3 yr old
Femoral
20-30
thready
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

38. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Stroke volume
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Stertor
bradypnea

39. Hearing
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
shallow or slow breathing
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
ausculatation

40. Stage 1 hypertension
140-159/90-99
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
+2
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

41. Those at risk for hypothermia include
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
the lungs
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

42. Absence of breathing
apnea
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
stridor
carotid

43. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Biot's respirations
hypotension
orthostatic hypertension
+2

44. 2nd stage of fever is?
palpate
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

45. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
raises BP.
120/80
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

46. Elderly respiration
oximeter
16-20
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Respiration

47. Taking axillary temperature
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

48. Head injury BP?
raises BP.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
fever

49. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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50. State of insufficient oxygen
hypoxia
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Pulse pressure
palpate