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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
140-159/90-99
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Irregular
dyspnea

2. Taking a rectal temperature
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
97.5 to 99.5
absent
Conduction

3. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Conduction
thready
orthostatic hypertension

4. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Crisis
Femoral
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
low

5. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
left Sims position
Apical
72 bpm

6. Diurnal variation BP?
hypoxia
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
remittent
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

7. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

8. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Tachypnea
popliteal
Stroke volume

9. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
left Sims position
Hyperventilation
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
60 to 70 mL

10. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
low BP
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

11. The average temperature in the older adult
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
96.5 to 97.5
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
lysis

12. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
crackles
120-139/80-89
120/70

13. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
orthostatic hypertension
Brachial
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
crackles

14. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
12-20
Hypothermia
120-139/80-89

15. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
Pulse
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

16. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
Rhonchi
Stertor
constant
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

17. What are the 5 vital signs?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Pulse pressure
remittent

18. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
low

19. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Crisis
Pedal pulse
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
raises BP.

20. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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21. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
+3
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Hyperventilation

22. High oxygen
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
low BP
hyperoxia
the lungs

23. Hearing
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
ausculatation
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

24. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
the lungs
ausculatation
remittent

25. How does external respiration occur?
Posterior tibial
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

26. An example of nursing planning
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
crackles
16-20
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

27. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Stertor
bradypnea
Rhonchi
hypoxemia

28. High BP
Biot's
Feeble
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
hypertension

29. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Evaporation
apnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

30. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
apnea
bradycardia
remittent
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

31. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
pyrogens
carotid
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

32. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Diastolic pressure
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
16-20
low BP

33. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
fever
Hypothermia
Relapsing
Cardiac Output

34. Heart
Apical
Feeble
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

35. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Hypothermia
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

36. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
remittent
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Evaporation

37. Stage 2 hypertension
^160/^100
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Apical
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

38. Head injury BP?
hypoxemia
raises BP.
Tachypnea
popliteal

39. BP at or lower 90/60.
Apical
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
hypotension
raises BP.

40. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
BMR
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
dyspnea

41. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
apnea
Evaporation
bradypnea

42. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Pedal pulse
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

43. Side of wrist
higher
pyrogens
Radial
Stroke volume

44. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
carotid
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Stertor

45. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Eupnea
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
remittent

46. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
hyperoxia
Hyperventilation
pyrexia

47. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
left Sims position
dyspnea
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

48. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
hyperoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

49. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Apical
Hyperventilation
12-20

50. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
dyspnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling