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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
intermittent
Convection
orthostatic hypertension
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

2. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
Tachypnea
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

3. Bend of elbow
palpate
Brachial
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Stroke Volume

4. Bend of knee
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
16-20
Hypothermia
popliteal

5. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
carotid
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Conduction
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

6. How is pulse best found?
140-159/90-99
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
tachycardia
72 bpm

7. Excessive sweat production
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Irregular
Diaphoresis

8. Head injury BP?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
raises BP.
140-159/90-99
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

9. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
hyperoxia
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Pulse pressure
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

10. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
hypoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
remittent

11. Heart
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Kussmaul's respiration
Apical

12. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
stridor
hypoxia
oximeter
shallow or slow breathing

13. Groin area
Femoral
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
hypoxia

14. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
higher
+2
wheeze

15. Feel
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
carotid
low BP
palpate

16. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
pyrogens
the lungs
Cardiac Output
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

17. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
Diastolic pressure
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
bradypnea

18. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
bradypnea
Stertor
hypotension

19. Adolescent
Irregular
hypoxemia
16-20
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

20. Top of left foot
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
It will also fall
Dorsalis pedis
97.5 to 99.5

21. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
hypertension
palpate

22. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Axillary.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

23. Substances tat cause fever
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
pyrogens
lysis
Hyperventilation

24. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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25. What are the 5 vital signs?
higher
hypoxia
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Kussmaul's respiration

26. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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27. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
Tachypnea
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
tachycardia
Korotkoff sounds

28. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Eupnea
Crisis
96.5 to 97.5

29. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Stroke volume
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

30. Elderly respiration
tachycardia
Hyperventilation
Radial
16-20

31. Diurnal variation BP?
orthostatic hypertension
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
popliteal
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

32. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
tachycardia
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Pedal pulse
Stroke Volume

33. Signs and symptoms of shock
Stertor
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Cardiac Output
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

34. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
Systolic pressure
Biot's respirations
ausculatation
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

35. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
the lungs
left Sims position

36. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
carotid
96.5 to 97.5
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

37. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
constant
+1
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

38. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Radial
Hypothermia

39. Measurement of oxygen
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
orthostatic hypertension
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
oximetry

40. Stress & emotions. BP?
higher
Core Temperature
20-30
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

41. Risk for prolonged hypertension
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
the lungs
120-139/80-89
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

42. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
raises BP.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
oximeter
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

43. Sex BP?
stridor
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

44. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Evaporation
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Hyperventilation

45. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
raises BP.
Evaporation
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
bradycardia

46. People most at risk for hypertension
Biot's
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
the lungs
ausculatation

47. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
hypertension
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Stroke Volume

48. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
bradycardia
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
low

49. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Stroke Volume
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

50. How does age affect pulse?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hypoxia
ausculatation
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

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Measuring Vital Signs

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