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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Irregular
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

2. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Conduction
pyrexia
Rhonchi
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

3. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
120/80
^160/^100
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

4. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
crackles
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

5. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
low BP
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
hypoxia

6. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
hypoxia
Pulse

7. Abrupt decline in fever
Crisis
Stroke Volume
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

8. How do you measure the apical pulse?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Diastolic pressure
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

9. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

10. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Core Temperature
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

11. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
the lungs
Pedal pulse
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

12. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
^160/^100
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Biot's

13. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Stertor
Temporal
pyrogens

14. The average temperature in the older adult
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Eupnea
96.5 to 97.5
Cheyenne-Stokes

15. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
crackles
left Sims position
Rhonchi

16. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
arrhythmia

17. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
+2
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

18. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
left Sims position
Irregular
Temporal
Stertor

19. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Diaphoresis
Dorsalis pedis
bradycardia
Pulse pressure

20. Sex BP?
bradycardia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Rhonchi
lysis

21. High BP
Feeble
crackles
Stertor
hypertension

22. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
bradypnea
Hypothermia
hyperoxia
remittent

23. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
+2
hypoxemia
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Cardiac Output

24. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
shallow or slow breathing
97.5 to 99.5
It will also fall
Convection

25. State of insufficient oxygen
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
apnea
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
hypoxia

26. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
crackles
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Stroke Volume

27. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
oximeter
Brachial
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

28. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
hypoxia
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

29. What are the 5 vital signs?
oximetry
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Biot's
ausculatation

30. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Pulse pressure
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

31. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Biot's respirations
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
+3

32. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Convection
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
arrhythmia

33. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
+2
+1
orthostatic hypertension
^160/^100

34. Heart
Apical
bradycardia
Systolic pressure
+2

35. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

36. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
Crisis
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
bradycardia

37. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
bradycardia
Radial
120/80

38. Axillary temperature are
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

39. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
stridor
Convection
arrhythmia

40. Bend of elbow
Diaphoresis
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Brachial
hypertension

41. Diurnal variation BP?
20-30
120/70
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

42. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Korotkoff sounds
Conduction
the lungs

43. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
60 to 70 mL
Pedal pulse
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

44. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
hypoxia
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
palpate

45. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
pyrexia
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Stroke volume

46. Gradual return to a normal temperature
20-30
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
lysis

47. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
It will also fall
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

48. How should respirations be counted?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hypotension
higher
Relapsing

49. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
low BP
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Diastolic pressure
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

50. How is pulse best found?
Apical
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Stroke Volume
+1