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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
hypoxia
Rhonchi
BMR
+2

2. When should rectal temperatures be used?
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Conduction
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

3. Prehypertension
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
120-139/80-89
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

4. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
Core Temperature
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Relapsing
Convection

5. Head injury BP?
+3
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
hyperoxia
raises BP.

6. Lobes in the lungs?
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
hypertension
wheeze
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

7. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
oximeter
Kussmaul's respiration
Pulse
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

8. Hearing
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
ausculatation
30-80
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

9. Substances tat cause fever
dyspnea
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
pyrogens
Posterior tibial

10. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
crackles
30-80
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Relapsing

11. Rectal temperature are
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
120-139/80-89
Axillary.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

12. Axillary temperature are
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Stertor
Diaphoresis
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

13. Top of left foot
pyrexia
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Dorsalis pedis
stridor

14. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
Convection
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Femoral
dyspnea

15. Groin area
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Femoral
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

16. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
96.5 to 97.5
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

17. Stage 2 hypertension
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
raises BP.
120/80
^160/^100

18. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
wheeze
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
bradycardia
Cardiac Output

19. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
thready
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Feeble
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

20. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Tachypnea

21. An example of a nursing diagnoses
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
carotid

22. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
Pulse
low BP
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

23. 1st stage of fever is?
Irregular
left Sims position
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
hypertension

24. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
hyperoxia
Kussmaul's respiration
Core Temperature
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

25. Average blood pressure should be
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
120/70
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

26. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
low
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

27. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Radial
Stroke volume
120-139/80-89
left Sims position

28. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Systolic pressure

29. High BP
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
hypertension
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

30. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
Biot's
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
constant
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

31. How is shock caused?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Respiration

32. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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33. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Radial
Feeble

34. People most at risk for hypertension
Biot's respirations
16-20
left Sims position
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

35. Side of forehead
120-139/80-89
72 bpm
absent
Temporal

36. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Tachypnea
Biot's respirations
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

37. Enviromental temperature BP?
shallow or slow breathing
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
oximetry

38. Stage 1 hypertension
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
140-159/90-99
Femoral
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

39. An example of nursing planning
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
constant
stridor

40. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
pyrexia
Respiration
carotid

41. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Convection
lysis
crackles
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

42. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
+3
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Korotkoff sounds

43. The average temperature in the older adult
Irregular
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
96.5 to 97.5
Hypothermia

44. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
Hyperventilation
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

45. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Eupnea
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Dorsalis pedis
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

46. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
pyrogens
Core Temperature
Cheyenne-Stokes
bradypnea

47. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

48. What are the 5 vital signs?
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Irregular
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

49. Side of neck
carotid
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Pedal pulse
hypoxia

50. Feel
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
palpate
higher
72 bpm