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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Prehypertension
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
120-139/80-89
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

2. Weak and may be irregular
Hyperventilation
apnea
Biot's respirations
thready

3. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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4. Elevated temperature
fever
^160/^100
the lungs
Respiration

5. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
hypoxia
It will also fall

6. How does age affect pulse?
Crisis
hypertension
pyrexia
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

7. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
20-30
Brachial
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

8. Taking a rectal temperature
Korotkoff sounds
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
popliteal

9. Enviromental temperature BP?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
BMR
apnea
Axillary.

10. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Korotkoff sounds
intermittent
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Diastolic pressure

11. Adolescent
16-20
Hyperventilation
pyrogens
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

12. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Eupnea
intermittent
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

13. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
+2
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
popliteal

14. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Korotkoff sounds
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

15. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Core Temperature
absent
16-20

16. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
intermittent

17. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
carotid
Evaporation
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

18. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Rhonchi
Pedal pulse
Pulse pressure
Kussmaul's respiration

19. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Convection
hypoxemia

20. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
carotid
BMR
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

21. Average blood pressure should be
Apical
96.5 to 97.5
120/70
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

22. Stage 1 hypertension
140-159/90-99
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
tachycardia

23. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

24. How is shock caused?
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
96.5 to 97.5
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

25. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
apnea
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Pulse
72 bpm

26. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
+3
It will also fall
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
bradycardia

27. Absence of breathing
Evaporation
Diaphoresis
16-20
apnea

28. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Pulse pressure
+1
Relapsing
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

29. Feel
palpate
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
120/70
oximetry

30. Fever above 100.2 F
low
pyrexia
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
It will also fall

31. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
96.5 to 97.5
Posterior tibial
left Sims position

32. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
+1
orthostatic hypertension
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

33. How do drugs affect pulse?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Hypothermia

34. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
tachycardia
20-30
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Feeble

35. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
+2
constant
Convection
low

36. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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37. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
orthostatic hypertension
Feeble
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

38. How does external respiration occur?
Dorsalis pedis
+1
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

39. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Stertor
hyperoxia
tachycardia
Feeble

40. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
remittent
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
pyrogens

41. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
wheeze
Eupnea
Posterior tibial
arrhythmia

42. Signs and symptoms of shock
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Femoral
Kussmaul's respiration
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

43. How should baby's temperature be taken?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Axillary.
shallow or slow breathing
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

44. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
120-139/80-89
low
pyrogens
Kussmaul's respiration

45. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Brachial
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
60 to 70 mL
Pulse pressure

46. How does size affect pulse?
tachycardia
Feeble
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
pyrexia

47. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
bradypnea
low BP
stridor
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

48. Groin area
constant
Femoral
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

49. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Hyperventilation
Dorsalis pedis
hyperoxia
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

50. This affects the character of the pulse.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Core Temperature
Stroke Volume
Evaporation