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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does age affect pulse?
Brachial
pyrexia
^160/^100
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

2. Prehypertension
120-139/80-89
hypoxia
ausculatation
Radial

3. Elevated temperature
Temporal
Brachial
fever
ausculatation

4. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

5. Barely palpable
hypoxemia
higher
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Feeble

6. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
lysis

7. Heart
Apical
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Pedal pulse
palpate

8. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
pyrexia
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Diaphoresis

9. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
arrhythmia
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
hypertension

10. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Core Temperature
the lungs
120-139/80-89

11. 3rd stage of fever?
raises BP.
wheeze
palpate
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

12. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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13. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
oximetry
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

14. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
remittent
120/80
Evaporation
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

15. What are the 5 vital signs?
Pulse
Diastolic pressure
Diaphoresis
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

16. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Hyperventilation
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

17. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
hypoxemia
Axillary.
oximeter

18. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
constant
Stroke Volume
arrhythmia
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

19. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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20. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Apical
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

21. Healthly adult
Cheyenne-Stokes
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
crackles
12-20

22. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
120-139/80-89
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
+3
96.5 to 97.5

23. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
palpate
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

24. State of insufficient oxygen
Femoral
Feeble
hypoxia
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

25. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Dorsalis pedis
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
arrhythmia
left Sims position

26. BP at or lower 90/60.
Crisis
hypotension
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

27. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
low BP
Conduction
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
30-80

28. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Relapsing
hypotension
Korotkoff sounds
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

29. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Systolic pressure
low BP
BMR

30. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
30-80
lysis
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
stridor

31. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Korotkoff sounds
popliteal
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

32. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Pedal pulse
Brachial
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

33. Symptoms of hypoxia
Korotkoff sounds
Kussmaul's respiration
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

34. Groin area
Femoral
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Posterior tibial

35. Top of left foot
Dorsalis pedis
Brachial
BMR
Stroke Volume

36. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
Relapsing
Cheyenne-Stokes
hypoxia
bradycardia

37. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Respiration
left Sims position
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Dorsalis pedis

38. Fever above 100.2 F
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
pyrexia
wheeze

39. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
orthostatic hypertension
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

40. Absence of breathing
Radial
Temporal
+3
apnea

41. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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42. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Systolic pressure
apnea
Diastolic pressure
raises BP.

43. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
palpate
30-80
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
dyspnea

44. How is pulse best found?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
bradypnea
Crisis

45. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Systolic pressure
thready
Pulse pressure
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

46. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Biot's respirations
Feeble
bradycardia
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

47. People most at risk for hypertension
Biot's
stridor
Rhonchi
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

48. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
120-139/80-89
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

49. Average pulse rate for an adult
72 bpm
+1
Biot's respirations
absent

50. Elderly respiration
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
tachycardia
16-20
It will also fall