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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Inside ankle
hypertension
popliteal
Posterior tibial
Respiration

2. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

3. Stage 2 hypertension
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Respiration
^160/^100
97.5 to 99.5

4. How is shock caused?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
stridor
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

5. Prehypertension
low
stridor
120-139/80-89
wheeze

6. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
oximetry
Stroke volume
intermittent

7. Substances tat cause fever
ausculatation
pyrogens
popliteal
oximetry

8. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Biot's
crackles
Stroke Volume
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

9. Excessive sweat production
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Diaphoresis
Relapsing
wheeze

10. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Eupnea
Diastolic pressure
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

11. People most at risk for hypertension
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
arrhythmia
Relapsing

12. Taking axillary temperature
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
+2
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Rhonchi

13. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
stridor
hypertension

14. Absence of breathing
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
hypertension
apnea
crackles

15. Diurnal variation BP?
tachycardia
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
BMR
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

16. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Convection
Conduction
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

17. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Conduction
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
120/80
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

18. Average blood pressure should be
120/70
Conduction
It will also fall
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

19. How does age affect pulse?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
lysis
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
72 bpm

20. Those at risk for hypothermia include
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
hypoxemia
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

21. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
oximeter
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Rhonchi
Kussmaul's respiration

22. BP at or lower 90/60.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
higher
hypotension
Tachypnea

23. Bend of knee
popliteal
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
left Sims position

24. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
Apical
BMR
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

25. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
hypertension
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

26. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Stroke volume
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

27. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
+1
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

28. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
120/70
Irregular
^160/^100

29. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
tachycardia
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Core Temperature
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

30. High BP
hypertension
lysis
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

31. Elderly respiration
16-20
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
120/80

32. Gradual return to a normal temperature
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
lysis
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

33. State of insufficient oxygen
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
16-20
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
hypoxia

34. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
hypoxia
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
12-20
remittent

35. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Evaporation
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
low
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

36. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
pyrexia
dyspnea
Crisis
the lungs

37. 3 yr old
20-30
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
120-139/80-89
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

38. Symptoms of hypoxia
^160/^100
hypoxemia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
low

39. Side of neck
carotid
dyspnea
120/80
crackles

40. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
orthostatic hypertension
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

41. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
low BP
Korotkoff sounds
oximetry
wheeze

42. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

43. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
hyperoxia
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Diaphoresis

44. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
orthostatic hypertension
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
120-139/80-89
Stroke Volume

45. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
72 bpm
higher
Core Temperature

46. 1st stage of fever is?
Cardiac Output
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

47. The average temperature in the older adult
96.5 to 97.5
hypoxemia
hypoxia
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

48. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
arrhythmia
pyrexia

49. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
60 to 70 mL
Biot's
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

50. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Biot's respirations
tachycardia
hypoxia