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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Measurement of oxygen
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
oximetry
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
apnea

2. Healthly adult
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Temporal
12-20

3. An example of nursing planning
Conduction
Rhonchi
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

4. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
120-139/80-89
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

5. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
+1
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

6. How does size affect pulse?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
BMR
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
140-159/90-99

7. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Cardiac Output
fever
the lungs
Core Temperature

8. Normal body temperature ranges?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Diaphoresis
97.5 to 99.5
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

9. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
It will also fall
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

10. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
constant
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

11. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
96.5 to 97.5
lysis
shallow or slow breathing
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

12. Sex BP?
30-80
bradypnea
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
orthostatic hypertension

13. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
pyrexia
Eupnea

14. Bend of knee
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Brachial
popliteal

15. Top of left foot
low
Dorsalis pedis
Rhonchi
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

16. BP at or lower 90/60.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
arrhythmia
hypotension
Temporal

17. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Relapsing
Feeble
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

18. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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19. Fever above 100.2 F
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
pyrexia
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

20. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Conduction
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
apnea
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

21. How do you measure the apical pulse?
arrhythmia
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
pyrexia
16-20

22. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
shallow or slow breathing
orthostatic hypertension
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
30-80

23. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
low
120/70
97.5 to 99.5
remittent

24. Hearing
12-20
Cheyenne-Stokes
ausculatation
absent

25. Barely palpable
Evaporation
crackles
+3
Feeble

26. High BP
hypoxia
hypertension
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Pulse pressure

27. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Pulse pressure
Diastolic pressure
Irregular

28. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Eupnea
hypoxemia
Respiration
lysis

29. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Radial
pyrogens
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Eupnea

30. Symptoms of hypoxia
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
ausculatation
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Eupnea

31. Feel
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
palpate
fever

32. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Korotkoff sounds
+2
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
It will also fall

33. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
120/80
raises BP.
Rhonchi
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

34. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
left Sims position
Rhonchi
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
hypoxia

35. 3rd stage of fever?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
remittent
140-159/90-99

36. Newborn
hypotension
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
30-80
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

37. Elderly respiration
16-20
carotid
low
intermittent

38. An example of a nursing diagnoses
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

39. Substances tat cause fever
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
intermittent
pyrogens
hypoxemia

40. Absence of breathing
apnea
Temporal
low BP
Stroke Volume

41. Low oxygen
hypoxia
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
thready

42. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
hypoxia
Temporal
140-159/90-99

43. Stage 1 hypertension
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
apnea
72 bpm
140-159/90-99

44. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
Evaporation
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Pulse
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

45. Prehypertension
wheeze
120-139/80-89
Hypothermia
ausculatation

46. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
left Sims position
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

47. Average blood pressure should be
orthostatic hypertension
120/70
60 to 70 mL
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

48. Side of neck
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
carotid
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

49. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
orthostatic hypertension
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Tachypnea

50. Adolescent
palpate
16-20
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
bradycardia