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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
intermittent
Crisis
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
^160/^100

2. Sex BP?
palpate
arrhythmia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
+3

3. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
pyrexia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Pedal pulse

4. Rectal temperature are
fever
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
apnea
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

5. Heart
Temporal
Axillary.
Apical
Relapsing

6. Newborn
30-80
raises BP.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

7. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Convection
absent
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
apnea

8. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
remittent
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

9. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
wheeze
Crisis
left Sims position
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

10. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
shallow or slow breathing
Tachypnea
Relapsing
120/70

11. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
Temporal
tachycardia
Eupnea

12. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Irregular
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Tachypnea

13. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
remittent
Conduction
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
72 bpm

14. Normal body temperature ranges?
Systolic pressure
97.5 to 99.5
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
wheeze

15. Signs and symptoms of shock
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
^160/^100
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

16. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
120/70
orthostatic hypertension
stridor
120/80

17. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
16-20
Kussmaul's respiration
intermittent
tachycardia

18. How is shock caused?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Dorsalis pedis
carotid
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

19. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Biot's respirations
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Stroke volume

20. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
oximeter
tachycardia
Korotkoff sounds
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

21. Prehypertension
120-139/80-89
bradycardia
apnea
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

22. Absence of breathing
apnea
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Rhonchi

23. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Respiration
pyrogens

24. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
72 bpm
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Feeble

25. Taking axillary temperature
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Rhonchi
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

26. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Korotkoff sounds
crackles
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

27. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
pyrexia
Posterior tibial

28. Stage 2 hypertension
wheeze
^160/^100
hypertension
hyperoxia

29. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
carotid
apnea
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

30. This affects the character of the pulse.
^160/^100
Diastolic pressure
Tachypnea
Stroke Volume

31. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Cheyenne-Stokes
carotid
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

32. Measurement of oxygen
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
crackles
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
oximetry

33. Fever above 100.2 F
pyrexia
pyrogens
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
remittent

34. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

35. BP at or lower 90/60.
pyrexia
30-80
hypotension
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

36. How does external respiration occur?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
72 bpm
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

37. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
hypoxia

38. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

39. People most at risk for hypertension
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
higher
pyrogens
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

40. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
thready
30-80
wheeze
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

41. Stress & emotions. BP?
orthostatic hypertension
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Feeble
higher

42. Elderly respiration
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
low
16-20
remittent

43. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
tachycardia
pyrexia
Evaporation
oximeter

44. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
palpate
higher

45. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
palpate
Rhonchi

46. Those at risk for hypothermia include
Systolic pressure
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

47. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
apnea
Conduction
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

48. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Evaporation
^160/^100
orthostatic hypertension

49. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
orthostatic hypertension
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Pedal pulse

50. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Core Temperature
Temporal
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume