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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Radial
raises BP.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

2. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
hypertension
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Conduction
16-20

3. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Brachial
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

4. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
hypoxia
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
bradycardia

5. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
absent
Cardiac Output
Relapsing
Rhonchi

6. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
higher
Hypothermia
Stroke Volume
120/70

7. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
oximeter
Core Temperature
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
60 to 70 mL

8. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
hypoxia
wheeze
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

9. Head injury BP?
+3
raises BP.
Convection
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

10. Absence of breathing
BMR
Apical
apnea
Posterior tibial

11. Lobes in the lungs?
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
120/70
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
hypertension

12. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
popliteal
Stertor
higher
orthostatic hypertension

13. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
low BP
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

14. Gradual return to a normal temperature
apnea
lysis
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

15. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
bradypnea
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

16. Sex BP?
hypoxemia
Stertor
fever
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

17. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Kussmaul's respiration
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

18. How is pulse best found?
Diastolic pressure
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Pulse pressure
BMR

19. How should respirations be counted?
Evaporation
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
hypoxemia
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

20. Side of wrist
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
hypoxia
20-30
Radial

21. State of insufficient oxygen
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
120/80
hypoxia
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

22. Newborn
30-80
Respiration
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
97.5 to 99.5

23. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Radial

24. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Radial
Diastolic pressure
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

25. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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26. Adolescent
16-20
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
bradycardia
Respiration

27. Average pulse rate for an adult
dyspnea
12-20
72 bpm
pyrogens

28. Enviromental temperature BP?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

29. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
60 to 70 mL
96.5 to 97.5

30. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
^160/^100
+2

31. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
Femoral
constant
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
72 bpm

32. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Convection
16-20
Crisis

33. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Posterior tibial
oximeter
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
hypoxia

34. Rectal temperature are
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Stroke volume
12-20
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

35. Weak and may be irregular
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
^160/^100
thready
Tachypnea

36. Feel
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
palpate
+2
Respiration

37. Signs and symptoms of shock
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

38. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
ausculatation

39. Elderly respiration
constant
higher
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
16-20

40. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Eupnea
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Systolic pressure

41. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
Kussmaul's respiration
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Conduction
stridor

42. How does age affect pulse?
Convection
Stroke volume
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

43. How does size affect pulse?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Brachial
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

44. An example of a nursing diagnoses
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

45. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
intermittent
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
shallow or slow breathing
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

46. Barely palpable
left Sims position
Diaphoresis
orthostatic hypertension
Feeble

47. Substances tat cause fever
arrhythmia
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
pyrogens
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

48. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
oximeter
low
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
^160/^100

49. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

50. Hearing
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
ausculatation
It will also fall
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.