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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. State of insufficient oxygen
hypoxia
hypotension
Respiration
Feeble

2. Taking a rectal temperature
hyperoxia
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
higher

3. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
140-159/90-99
Tachypnea

4. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
120/70
thready
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Core Temperature

5. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Temporal
Posterior tibial

6. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
It will also fall
shallow or slow breathing
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

7. Risk for prolonged hypertension
lysis
Kussmaul's respiration
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

8. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
absent

9. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Cardiac Output
12-20
60 to 70 mL

10. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Apical
arrhythmia
absent

11. Hearing
Stertor
crackles
ausculatation
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

12. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Crisis
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

13. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
bradypnea
72 bpm
Axillary.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

14. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Korotkoff sounds
Systolic pressure
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

15. The average temperature in the older adult
carotid
96.5 to 97.5
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
low BP

16. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
oximeter
Diaphoresis
140-159/90-99
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

17. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
stridor
low BP

18. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
fever

19. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
shallow or slow breathing
+2
left Sims position

20. Bend of elbow
Brachial
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Eupnea

21. Symptoms of hypoxia
Pulse pressure
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

22. Excessive sweat production
72 bpm
Diaphoresis
+2
hyperoxia

23. Elderly respiration
Stroke volume
Femoral
tachycardia
16-20

24. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Dorsalis pedis
Rhonchi
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
constant

25. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
hyperoxia
intermittent
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
97.5 to 99.5

26. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
It will also fall
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

27. Elevated temperature
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Pulse pressure
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
fever

28. Adolescent
140-159/90-99
16-20
Radial
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

29. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Axillary.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Pulse
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

30. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
BMR
the lungs
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

31. Inside ankle
Pulse
Femoral
Posterior tibial
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

32. When should rectal temperatures be used?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Tachypnea
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Kussmaul's respiration

33. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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34. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Crisis
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
+2
Korotkoff sounds

35. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
oximeter
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
bradycardia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

36. Prehypertension
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Posterior tibial
120-139/80-89
+2

37. Average pulse rate for an adult
72 bpm
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

38. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
intermittent
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
BMR
20-30

39. This affects the character of the pulse.
oximetry
96.5 to 97.5
Diastolic pressure
Stroke Volume

40. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
the lungs
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
+2

41. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
hypertension

42. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
constant
Diaphoresis
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

43. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
Femoral
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

44. How is shock caused?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Radial
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Cheyenne-Stokes

45. Feel
^160/^100
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
palpate

46. Side of neck
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
carotid
120/70

47. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
stridor
Cardiac Output
absent
Feeble

48. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
hypertension
Stroke volume
popliteal
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

49. 3 yr old
Pulse pressure
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
20-30

50. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Hyperventilation
Pulse
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
16-20

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Measuring Vital Signs

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