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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An example of nursing planning
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

2. Measurement of oxygen
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
oximetry
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

3. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
hyperoxia
hypoxia
oximeter

4. Risk for prolonged hypertension
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
+3
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

5. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Eupnea
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
tachycardia
Systolic pressure

6. Weak and may be irregular
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
thready
hypoxia

7. High oxygen
hyperoxia
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

8. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
oximeter
intermittent
140-159/90-99

9. People most at risk for hypertension
16-20
Pulse pressure
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

10. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
hypoxemia
intermittent
Femoral

11. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
oximetry
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

12. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
oximeter
lysis
Respiration
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

13. Normal body temperature ranges?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
97.5 to 99.5
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

14. Side of forehead
Core Temperature
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Temporal
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

15. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
dyspnea
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
bradypnea

16. Newborn
Irregular
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
30-80
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

17. State of insufficient oxygen
oximetry
low BP
hypoxia
Rhonchi

18. Bend of knee
popliteal
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
+1
Conduction

19. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
120-139/80-89
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
low BP

20. Lobes in the lungs?
Evaporation
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

21. Fever above 100.2 F
oximeter
pyrexia
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Relapsing

22. How should respirations be counted?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
low
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

23. Side of neck
carotid
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
bradycardia

24. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Pulse
the lungs
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
12-20

25. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
+1
16-20
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
97.5 to 99.5

26. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
bradypnea
arrhythmia
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

27. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Irregular
+1
BMR
Biot's respirations

28. 3 yr old
apnea
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
20-30
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

29. How is shock caused?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

30. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

31. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Pulse pressure
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Diaphoresis

32. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
hypoxemia
20-30
hyperoxia

33. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
+3
bradycardia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
stridor

34. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
low BP
120-139/80-89
It will also fall
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

35. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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36. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
30-80
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

37. Side of wrist
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Radial
palpate

38. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Brachial
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

39. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Korotkoff sounds
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
fever
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

40. The average temperature in the older adult
Femoral
96.5 to 97.5
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
thready

41. Stress & emotions. BP?
lysis
higher
wheeze
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

42. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
120-139/80-89
remittent
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

43. Stage 2 hypertension
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
^160/^100
fever
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

44. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
wheeze
12-20

45. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Stroke volume
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

46. Average pulse rate for an adult
oximeter
72 bpm
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
+2

47. Rectal temperature are
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

48. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Cheyenne-Stokes
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Evaporation

49. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
pyrogens
absent
crackles

50. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
Stertor
Stroke Volume
Biot's