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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Rectal temperature are
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

2. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
orthostatic hypertension
Stertor
tachycardia

3. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
hyperoxia
Cardiac Output
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

4. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
30-80
intermittent
Rhonchi
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

5. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Korotkoff sounds
constant
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
tachycardia

6. Inside ankle
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Posterior tibial
Radial
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

7. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
120/70
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
low BP
arrhythmia

8. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
dyspnea
hyperoxia
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

9. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Apical
bradycardia
remittent

10. Heart
Relapsing
Apical
shallow or slow breathing
20-30

11. What are the 5 vital signs?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

12. How should baby's temperature be taken?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Biot's
Axillary.

13. Hearing
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
72 bpm
ausculatation
hypoxemia

14. Gradual return to a normal temperature
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
lysis
Femoral
Hyperventilation

15. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
carotid
Systolic pressure

16. BP at or lower 90/60.
low BP
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
hypotension
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

17. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
arrhythmia
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
crackles

18. 1st stage of fever is?
120-139/80-89
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
BMR

19. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
30-80
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

20. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
constant
hyperoxia

21. Low oxygen
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
hypoxia
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

22. Prehypertension
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
120-139/80-89
Hyperventilation

23. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
Convection
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
140-159/90-99
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

24. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
16-20
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Radial

25. When should rectal temperatures be used?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
carotid
Respiration

26. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
140-159/90-99
+1
Stroke Volume

27. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
^160/^100
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Pulse pressure
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

28. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
20-30
the lungs
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Cardiac Output

29. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
palpate
Irregular
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Cheyenne-Stokes

30. Stress & emotions. BP?
palpate
higher
20-30
Rhonchi

31. 3rd stage of fever?
Evaporation
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
97.5 to 99.5
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

32. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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33. How do drugs affect pulse?
hypoxia
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

34. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
hypertension

35. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
hypoxia
low
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

36. How does external respiration occur?
^160/^100
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Pedal pulse
absent

37. State of insufficient oxygen
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
pyrogens
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
hypoxia

38. Taking a rectal temperature
bradycardia
orthostatic hypertension
Radial
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

39. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Temporal
apnea
absent
Kussmaul's respiration

40. Side of forehead
Temporal
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

41. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
fever
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

42. High BP
hypertension
remittent
left Sims position
Systolic pressure

43. Measurement of oxygen
Irregular
oximetry
Systolic pressure
Kussmaul's respiration

44. Adolescent
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
16-20
orthostatic hypertension
Feeble

45. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Biot's respirations
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

46. This affects the character of the pulse.
Diastolic pressure
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Core Temperature
Stroke Volume

47. How is pulse best found?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

48. Taking axillary temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
wheeze

49. Average pulse rate for an adult
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
72 bpm
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

50. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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