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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
apnea

2. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
palpate
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Diastolic pressure
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

3. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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4. Symptoms of hypoxia
left Sims position
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
lysis
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

5. The average temperature in the older adult
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
96.5 to 97.5
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Korotkoff sounds

6. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Axillary.
thready
oximeter
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

7. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
20-30
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Korotkoff sounds

8. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
intermittent
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
popliteal
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

9. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

10. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
+2
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
pyrexia

11. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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12. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Diastolic pressure
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

13. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
shallow or slow breathing
ausculatation
12-20
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

14. Diurnal variation BP?
hypoxia
hypoxemia
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

15. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Convection
tachycardia
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

16. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
hypoxia
Hyperventilation

17. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
hyperoxia
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Irregular

18. BP at or lower 90/60.
hyperoxia
hypotension
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

19. Top of left foot
low BP
Dorsalis pedis
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
remittent

20. An example of nursing planning
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Pulse

21. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
orthostatic hypertension
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

22. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
the lungs
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
+1

23. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
remittent
Biot's
bradypnea
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

24. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Cardiac Output
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Cheyenne-Stokes
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

25. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
120/70
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
stridor

26. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Evaporation
raises BP.
wheeze

27. State of insufficient oxygen
absent
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
hypoxia
tachycardia

28. Hearing
ausculatation
pyrexia
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Brachial

29. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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30. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
arrhythmia
hypoxemia
raises BP.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

31. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
thready
Conduction
crackles

32. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Korotkoff sounds
low BP
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
wheeze

33. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Diastolic pressure
left Sims position
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
+2

34. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
wheeze
hypoxia
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
16-20

35. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Radial
crackles
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

36. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
20-30
constant
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
97.5 to 99.5

37. Sex BP?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Stroke Volume
lysis
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

38. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Femoral
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Stertor
Biot's

39. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
120/80
Diastolic pressure
Stroke Volume
Respiration

40. Taking axillary temperature
dyspnea
crackles
Feeble
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

41. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Evaporation
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

42. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Crisis
Pedal pulse
Feeble
120-139/80-89

43. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
low
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
120/80

44. Weak and may be irregular
140-159/90-99
thready
low
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

45. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
20-30
Cardiac Output

46. Heart
Apical
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
20-30
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

47. Bend of elbow
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
hypoxemia
Brachial
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

48. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
hypoxia
Pulse
120/70

49. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
low
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

50. Excessive sweat production
Dorsalis pedis
bradypnea
palpate
Diaphoresis