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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Symptoms of hypoxia
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
60 to 70 mL

2. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
+1
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Pulse

3. 3rd stage of fever?
Conduction
Evaporation
Respiration
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

4. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
oximeter
intermittent
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

5. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Femoral
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Biot's respirations
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

6. High BP
Korotkoff sounds
hypertension
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
crackles

7. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Temporal
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

8. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
20-30
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
carotid
low BP

9. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
bradycardia
Systolic pressure
orthostatic hypertension

10. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Relapsing
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

11. Those at risk for hypothermia include
Diastolic pressure
140-159/90-99
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

12. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
+2
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
60 to 70 mL
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

13. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
97.5 to 99.5
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
stridor
120/80

14. Barely palpable
Evaporation
ausculatation
Cardiac Output
Feeble

15. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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16. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
12-20
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

17. Elevated temperature
oximeter
fever
Kussmaul's respiration
16-20

18. People most at risk for hypertension
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
hypoxia
Crisis

19. 2nd stage of fever is?
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
tachycardia
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

20. Abrupt decline in fever
Crisis
shallow or slow breathing
absent
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

21. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
palpate
Apical
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

22. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
hypoxemia
Cheyenne-Stokes
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

23. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
tachycardia
Relapsing
It will also fall

24. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
remittent
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
bradycardia

25. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Stertor
Evaporation

26. Excessive sweat production
Kussmaul's respiration
Diaphoresis
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

27. Adolescent
Kussmaul's respiration
arrhythmia
+2
16-20

28. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
low
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
120-139/80-89

29. When is apicial pulse used?
hypotension
Femoral
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
120-139/80-89

30. Bend of elbow
BMR
Brachial
crackles
Cheyenne-Stokes

31. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
12-20
+1
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
apnea

32. Average pulse rate for an adult
Axillary.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
72 bpm
Feeble

33. Substances tat cause fever
pyrogens
BMR
Pulse pressure
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

34. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
dyspnea
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

35. Gradual return to a normal temperature
lysis
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

36. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
lysis
Korotkoff sounds
remittent
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

37. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
ausculatation
Eupnea
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

38. Stress & emotions. BP?
higher
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Apical
12-20

39. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
Biot's
arrhythmia
bradycardia

40. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
Stroke volume
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Radial
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

41. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Rhonchi
Relapsing
^160/^100
Radial

42. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Feeble
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
shallow or slow breathing
carotid

43. How does age affect pulse?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Rhonchi

44. Hearing
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Axillary.
ausculatation
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

45. State of insufficient oxygen
BMR
+2
30-80
hypoxia

46. Stage 1 hypertension
crackles
140-159/90-99
fever
hypoxemia

47. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Hyperventilation

48. Fever above 100.2 F
arrhythmia
+1
pyrexia
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

49. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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50. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Cardiac Output
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.