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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Healthly adult
intermittent
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Korotkoff sounds
12-20

2. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
constant
120/70
Irregular
20-30

3. Enviromental temperature BP?
constant
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

4. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
60 to 70 mL
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

5. How does age affect pulse?
dyspnea
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
hypotension

6. Side of wrist
Hyperventilation
Irregular
+1
Radial

7. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
wheeze
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

8. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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9. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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10. Symptoms of hypoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
140-159/90-99

11. Side of neck
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
carotid
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Relapsing

12. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
Systolic pressure
shallow or slow breathing
apnea
dyspnea

13. Inside ankle
Evaporation
Posterior tibial
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Pedal pulse

14. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
apnea
Temporal
remittent

15. Adolescent
16-20
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Axillary.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

16. Weak and may be irregular
Apical
Pulse pressure
thready
hyperoxia

17. How is shock caused?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
pyrogens
bradycardia

18. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
97.5 to 99.5
low
crackles
fever

19. Low oxygen
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
hypoxia
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
16-20

20. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Posterior tibial
intermittent
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
16-20

21. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Relapsing
Tachypnea
Feeble
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

22. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
hypoxemia
+1
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
+2

23. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Relapsing
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
120/80
Stroke volume

24. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
pyrexia

25. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
remittent
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Relapsing
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

26. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

27. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
raises BP.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
arrhythmia
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

28. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Axillary.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Cheyenne-Stokes
orthostatic hypertension

29. Groin area
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Respiration
Femoral

30. Diurnal variation BP?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Stertor
Biot's

31. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
bradypnea
Crisis
fever
dyspnea

32. Hearing
pyrexia
ausculatation
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
60 to 70 mL

33. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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34. Head injury BP?
raises BP.
hypoxia
60 to 70 mL
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

35. When should rectal temperatures be used?
fever
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
tachycardia

36. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
Radial
pyrexia
crackles
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

37. Absence of breathing
apnea
hypoxemia
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

38. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
Stroke Volume
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
60 to 70 mL

39. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Conduction
constant
lysis
30-80

40. Substances tat cause fever
Apical
hypoxemia
pyrogens
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

41. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Biot's
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

42. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
stridor
tachycardia
+2
Feeble

43. Abrupt decline in fever
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Pulse
Crisis
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

44. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
arrhythmia
stridor
Axillary.

45. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
hypoxia
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
low

46. Risk for prolonged hypertension
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
^160/^100

47. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Evaporation
Convection
constant

48. Top of left foot
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Dorsalis pedis
Respiration
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

49. Normal body temperature ranges?
hypoxia
97.5 to 99.5
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
stridor

50. An example of nursing planning
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Convection
hypertension
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.