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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
140-159/90-99
Cheyenne-Stokes
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

2. Adolescent
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
140-159/90-99
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
16-20

3. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
+2
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Hypothermia
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

4. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Respiration
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Relapsing

5. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
97.5 to 99.5
30-80
the lungs
carotid

6. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Tachypnea
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Stroke volume

7. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
BMR
Dorsalis pedis
bradycardia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

8. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
It will also fall
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Irregular
^160/^100

9. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
30-80
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

10. Axillary temperature are
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
+1
+2
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

11. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Pulse
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

12. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
low BP
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

13. Lobes in the lungs?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Radial
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

14. Healthly adult
fever
12-20
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

15. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Stertor
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
fever
low BP

16. Stage 2 hypertension
intermittent
hypotension
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
^160/^100

17. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

18. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
30-80
60 to 70 mL
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Tachypnea

19. Average blood pressure should be
Stroke volume
lysis
Diastolic pressure
120/70

20. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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21. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Core Temperature
120/80
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

22. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
absent
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

23. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

24. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
hypoxia
Conduction

25. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Relapsing
BMR
^160/^100

26. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Tachypnea

27. Heart
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
remittent
Apical
low BP

28. State of insufficient oxygen
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
hypoxia
hypotension

29. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
^160/^100
Diastolic pressure
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
tachycardia

30. An example of nursing planning
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
hypotension
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

31. Groin area
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Femoral
hypoxia
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

32. Feel
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
It will also fall
palpate
20-30

33. Absence of breathing
Feeble
Core Temperature
apnea
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

34. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
96.5 to 97.5
Femoral
raises BP.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

35. Bend of elbow
popliteal
Brachial
Evaporation
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

36. Side of forehead
pyrogens
120-139/80-89
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Temporal

37. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
16-20
bradypnea
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

38. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
higher
120/70
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

39. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
Femoral
16-20
hypoxia

40. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Temporal
absent
Rhonchi
16-20

41. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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42. How do drugs affect pulse?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
96.5 to 97.5
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

43. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
wheeze
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Eupnea
Pulse

44. Weak and may be irregular
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
16-20
tachycardia
thready

45. When is apicial pulse used?
Rhonchi
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

46. Those at risk for hypothermia include
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Core Temperature
stridor
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

47. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
the lungs
low
Relapsing
60 to 70 mL

48. Bend of knee
16-20
popliteal
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Radial

49. How does external respiration occur?
wheeze
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Core Temperature
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

50. People most at risk for hypertension
Pulse pressure
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
wheeze