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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Measurement of oxygen
Evaporation
It will also fall
Conduction
oximetry

2. Side of neck
pyrexia
palpate
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
carotid

3. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
crackles
20-30
Apical
Hypothermia

4. Rectal temperature are
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
fever

5. An example of nursing planning
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
carotid
higher
12-20

6. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
orthostatic hypertension
dyspnea
hypertension
remittent

7. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
Pulse pressure
120/80
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
16-20

8. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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9. Average pulse rate for an adult
Systolic pressure
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
stridor
72 bpm

10. Adolescent
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
16-20
120-139/80-89
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

11. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
the lungs
tachycardia
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
oximetry

12. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Relapsing
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

13. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Systolic pressure
Eupnea

14. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
Relapsing
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

15. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
72 bpm

16. 2nd stage of fever is?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Axillary.

17. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Irregular
16-20
Femoral
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

18. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
Core Temperature
hypertension
Tachypnea

19. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
left Sims position
stridor
hypoxemia
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

20. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
orthostatic hypertension
low BP
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

21. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Stroke volume
apnea
absent
It will also fall

22. How should baby's temperature be taken?
lysis
orthostatic hypertension
Axillary.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

23. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
popliteal
Core Temperature
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
constant

24. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
hyperoxia
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

25. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Pulse
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
palpate
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

26. Enviromental temperature BP?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Feeble
raises BP.

27. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Stroke volume
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
It will also fall
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

28. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
16-20
60 to 70 mL
shallow or slow breathing

29. How is shock caused?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
96.5 to 97.5
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

30. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Hyperventilation
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Evaporation

31. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
72 bpm
intermittent
Diastolic pressure
120/70

32. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
hypoxia
Respiration
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

33. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Biot's respirations
Korotkoff sounds

34. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
Hypothermia
shallow or slow breathing
constant
Dorsalis pedis

35. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Cardiac Output
140-159/90-99
Apical
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

36. State of insufficient oxygen
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
hypoxia
raises BP.

37. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Rhonchi
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

38. High BP
hypertension
Irregular
pyrogens
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

39. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
Tachypnea
Hypothermia
16-20
12-20

40. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
60 to 70 mL
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
97.5 to 99.5

41. Head injury BP?
raises BP.
20-30
Radial
higher

42. This affects the character of the pulse.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
16-20
Stroke Volume

43. People most at risk for hypertension
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Convection
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

44. Stage 1 hypertension
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
popliteal
140-159/90-99
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

45. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
30-80
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
hyperoxia

46. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Axillary.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

47. When is apicial pulse used?
Tachypnea
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

48. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Dorsalis pedis

49. Weak and may be irregular
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
thready
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

50. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
left Sims position
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
the lungs
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.