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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
Crisis
20-30
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
absent

2. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
140-159/90-99
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
intermittent

3. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Stertor

4. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
low
pyrexia

5. Gradual return to a normal temperature
hypertension
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
16-20
lysis

6. Top of left foot
oximeter
Diaphoresis
Dorsalis pedis
Eupnea

7. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
hypertension
Feeble
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

8. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Convection
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Pulse

9. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Biot's
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Rhonchi
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

10. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
hypoxemia
120/80

11. How do you measure the apical pulse?
Apical
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Evaporation
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

12. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Korotkoff sounds
96.5 to 97.5
left Sims position

13. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
hypoxia
arrhythmia
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

14. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Irregular
Korotkoff sounds
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

15. Elevated temperature
wheeze
Kussmaul's respiration
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
fever

16. When should rectal temperatures be used?
lysis
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Dorsalis pedis

17. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Stroke volume
oximeter

18. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
palpate
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
+2

19. Prehypertension
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
120-139/80-89
97.5 to 99.5
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

20. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
hyperoxia
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Feeble
BMR

21. Weak and may be irregular
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Radial
16-20
thready

22. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
the lungs
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
absent

23. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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24. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Posterior tibial
Respiration
thready
Hyperventilation

25. Stage 2 hypertension
16-20
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
fever
^160/^100

26. This affects the character of the pulse.
bradycardia
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Stroke Volume

27. Fever above 100.2 F
Feeble
Apical
pyrexia
orthostatic hypertension

28. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Conduction
60 to 70 mL
hypertension
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

29. Side of forehead
Stroke Volume
Temporal
thready
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

30. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Convection
Posterior tibial
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

31. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Hypothermia
+3
absent
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

32. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
140-159/90-99
Core Temperature

33. Stress & emotions. BP?
96.5 to 97.5
higher
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

34. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
crackles
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Conduction

35. Axillary temperature are
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
popliteal
Femoral

36. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
oximeter
stridor
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

37. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
97.5 to 99.5
Stroke Volume

38. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Cheyenne-Stokes
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Convection

39. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
low
ausculatation
fever

40. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Stertor
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

41. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
crackles
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
arrhythmia

42. How does size affect pulse?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
lysis

43. Elderly respiration
arrhythmia
16-20
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
hypoxia

44. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
left Sims position
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Evaporation
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

45. What are the 5 vital signs?
140-159/90-99
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Stroke volume
Biot's

46. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
left Sims position
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
stridor
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

47. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Stroke volume
popliteal

48. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
oximeter
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Respiration

49. Average blood pressure should be
BMR
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
120/70
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

50. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
Axillary.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
^160/^100
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia