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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
lysis
Dorsalis pedis
absent

2. When should rectal temperatures be used?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
hypotension
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

3. Low oxygen
60 to 70 mL
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
hypoxia

4. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Cheyenne-Stokes
bradypnea
Pulse pressure
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

5. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
bradypnea
20-30
tachycardia
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

6. An example of a nursing diagnoses
tachycardia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
hypotension
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

7. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
popliteal
fever
Femoral

8. 2nd stage of fever is?
Cheyenne-Stokes
Temporal
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

9. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
wheeze
Core Temperature
Stertor
Conduction

10. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Brachial
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

11. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
120-139/80-89
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
bradycardia

12. How should baby's temperature be taken?
97.5 to 99.5
Axillary.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
pyrexia

13. BP at or lower 90/60.
120-139/80-89
hypotension
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

14. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
hypoxemia
hypoxia

15. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

16. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
97.5 to 99.5
hyperoxia

17. Excessive sweat production
stridor
Diastolic pressure
bradypnea
Diaphoresis

18. Normal body temperature ranges?
60 to 70 mL
16-20
97.5 to 99.5
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

19. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Core Temperature
Eupnea
Kussmaul's respiration

20. Side of neck
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Diaphoresis
carotid
fever

21. Enviromental temperature BP?
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

22. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Korotkoff sounds
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Axillary.

23. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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24. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Systolic pressure
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Convection

25. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
30-80
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Diastolic pressure

26. How is pulse best found?
120/80
It will also fall
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

27. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
Kussmaul's respiration
thready
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Conduction

28. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
97.5 to 99.5
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
bradycardia

29. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
apnea
Kussmaul's respiration
Tachypnea
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

30. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
Convection
shallow or slow breathing
popliteal
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

31. Sex BP?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
120/70
raises BP.

32. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Relapsing
Temporal
Brachial

33. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Evaporation
Cheyenne-Stokes
Hyperventilation

34. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
hypertension
BMR

35. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
Biot's
intermittent
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

36. Measurement of oxygen
popliteal
pyrexia
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
oximetry

37. Stage 2 hypertension
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
^160/^100
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Irregular

38. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
remittent
popliteal
palpate
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

39. State of insufficient oxygen
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
30-80
oximeter
hypoxia

40. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
low
hypertension
popliteal
+1

41. Abrupt decline in fever
Apical
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Respiration
Crisis

42. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
+2
low BP
12-20
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

43. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
oximeter
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Rhonchi

44. Stress & emotions. BP?
higher
Dorsalis pedis
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
shallow or slow breathing

45. Side of wrist
hypoxia
palpate
Kussmaul's respiration
Radial

46. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Hyperventilation
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Diastolic pressure
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

47. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Hypothermia
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
low
Cheyenne-Stokes

48. Average blood pressure should be
Cardiac Output
120/70
16-20
Hypothermia

49. How should respirations be counted?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Tachypnea
left Sims position
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

50. How do drugs affect pulse?
Convection
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
lysis
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.