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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Rhonchi
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Systolic pressure

2. Average blood pressure should be
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
+3
120/70
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

3. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
stridor
shallow or slow breathing
low

4. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

5. Side of wrist
left Sims position
+3
Radial
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

6. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
+3
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Cheyenne-Stokes

7. Lobes in the lungs?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Stroke Volume

8. How does age affect pulse?
the lungs
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Eupnea

9. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
constant
Core Temperature
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

10. How does external respiration occur?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Axillary.
120-139/80-89
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

11. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
dyspnea
Brachial
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
intermittent

12. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
stridor
orthostatic hypertension
thready
Hyperventilation

13. How is pulse best found?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

14. People most at risk for hypertension
higher
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Stroke volume
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

15. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
hypoxia
+2
low
popliteal

16. Healthly adult
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
wheeze
16-20
12-20

17. Hearing
ausculatation
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

18. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
oximetry
ausculatation
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

19. Sex BP?
hypoxia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
apnea
Convection

20. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
crackles
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
20-30

21. Newborn
Diaphoresis
16-20
30-80
tachycardia

22. Taking axillary temperature
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Relapsing
Rhonchi

23. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

24. Head injury BP?
Posterior tibial
raises BP.
pyrogens
Apical

25. How do you measure the apical pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Korotkoff sounds

26. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Kussmaul's respiration
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Diaphoresis
Irregular

27. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Pulse
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Convection

28. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Stroke Volume
remittent
Kussmaul's respiration

29. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
120/80
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
bradycardia
hypoxia

30. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
60 to 70 mL
lysis
Conduction
It will also fall

31. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Evaporation
Stertor
dyspnea
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

32. Heart
^160/^100
Radial
bradycardia
Apical

33. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
orthostatic hypertension
12-20
oximeter
Temporal

34. Elevated temperature
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
fever
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

35. Weak and may be irregular
tachycardia
the lungs
thready
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

36. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
low

37. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
pyrogens
hypoxemia
20-30

38. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
Hyperventilation
Stertor
+1
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

39. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
fever
higher
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

40. Absence of breathing
hyperoxia
crackles
apnea
fever

41. Stress & emotions. BP?
Pulse pressure
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
higher

42. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
wheeze
Stroke volume
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
apnea

43. 2nd stage of fever is?
72 bpm
hypotension
palpate
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

44. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
hypoxia
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
hypertension

45. Gradual return to a normal temperature
hypoxemia
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
lysis
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

46. Those at risk for hypothermia include
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
20-30
It will also fall
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

47. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Cheyenne-Stokes

48. BP at or lower 90/60.
Stroke volume
Apical
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
hypotension

49. Excessive sweat production
16-20
Diaphoresis
raises BP.
pyrogens

50. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Tachypnea