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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Taking a rectal temperature
low BP
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Axillary.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

2. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
low BP
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
low
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

3. Elevated temperature
lysis
16-20
fever
raises BP.

4. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
raises BP.
Stroke volume
low

5. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Core Temperature
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

6. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
thready

7. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Tachypnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
intermittent
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

8. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
72 bpm
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Stroke volume
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

9. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

10. Stage 2 hypertension
carotid
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
^160/^100
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

11. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
120/80
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
60 to 70 mL

12. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
140-159/90-99

13. Feel
+1
Korotkoff sounds
palpate
Posterior tibial

14. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Axillary.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
97.5 to 99.5

15. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Hyperventilation
Pulse
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
97.5 to 99.5

16. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
pyrogens
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

17. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
pyrexia
remittent

18. Taking axillary temperature
bradypnea
ausculatation
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Core Temperature

19. Bend of knee
popliteal
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Evaporation
Biot's

20. The average temperature in the older adult
96.5 to 97.5
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

21. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
remittent

22. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
tachycardia
bradypnea
dyspnea
Convection

23. Barely palpable
30-80
hyperoxia
Feeble
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

24. How is pulse best found?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

25. Stress & emotions. BP?
Diastolic pressure
higher
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

26. Fever above 100.2 F
Conduction
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
pyrexia
96.5 to 97.5

27. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Dorsalis pedis
97.5 to 99.5
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Hypothermia

28. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
pyrogens
oximeter
+3

29. Normal body temperature ranges?
30-80
97.5 to 99.5
constant
the lungs

30. How should respirations be counted?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

31. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
Diaphoresis
tachycardia
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
hypoxia

32. Bend of elbow
Hypothermia
Brachial
Korotkoff sounds
Femoral

33. Symptoms of hypoxia
Crisis
Femoral
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Irregular

34. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Hyperventilation
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
+2

35. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

36. 1st stage of fever is?
Apical
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Axillary.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

37. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
It will also fall
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
stridor
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

38. Abrupt decline in fever
carotid
Crisis
30-80
Conduction

39. Substances tat cause fever
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Cheyenne-Stokes
pyrogens
Stroke volume

40. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Brachial
constant
Temporal

41. Side of neck
carotid
higher
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

42. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
hypoxia
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
the lungs
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

43. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Evaporation
constant
Systolic pressure

44. Side of forehead
Irregular
Korotkoff sounds
Temporal
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

45. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
It will also fall
+3
higher
120/70

46. Stage 1 hypertension
Relapsing
Respiration
140-159/90-99
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

47. Elderly respiration
oximeter
120/80
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
16-20

48. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
dyspnea
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
stridor

49. How do you measure the apical pulse?
Core Temperature
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
hypoxia
Apical

50. 3 yr old
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
20-30
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same