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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Risk for prolonged hypertension
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Cardiac Output
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
16-20

2. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Biot's
Stertor
Kussmaul's respiration

3. Axillary temperature are
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
stridor
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Core Temperature

4. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
remittent
120/70
Posterior tibial

5. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
oximeter
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
low BP

6. Barely palpable
Convection
pyrogens
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Feeble

7. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

8. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Posterior tibial
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Tachypnea

9. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Tachypnea
hypertension

10. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
tachycardia
12-20
Hyperventilation

11. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Relapsing
bradypnea
the lungs
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

12. This affects the character of the pulse.
Crisis
tachycardia
Stroke Volume
120/80

13. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
bradypnea
+3
Rhonchi

14. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Tachypnea
Convection
Eupnea

15. Prehypertension
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
120-139/80-89
Dorsalis pedis

16. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

17. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
Respiration
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
16-20
Convection

18. How should respirations be counted?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Kussmaul's respiration
Brachial
absent

19. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
raises BP.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Cheyenne-Stokes

20. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
crackles
Temporal
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

21. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
16-20
Hypothermia

22. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Kussmaul's respiration
Axillary.
+3
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

23. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
low BP
16-20

24. High oxygen
Stroke Volume
hyperoxia
140-159/90-99
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

25. Inside ankle
carotid
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Posterior tibial

26. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Eupnea
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

27. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
+1
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Core Temperature

28. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Tachypnea
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

29. Top of left foot
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Dorsalis pedis
absent
Posterior tibial

30. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Apical
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

31. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
hypotension
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Stroke volume
Systolic pressure

32. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Diastolic pressure
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

33. Side of forehead
Temporal
+2
crackles
Stroke Volume

34. Bend of elbow
Brachial
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

35. Taking a rectal temperature
Crisis
Convection
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

36. Bend of knee
popliteal
+1
Core Temperature
Radial

37. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
stridor
Eupnea
Stroke volume
constant

38. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
hypoxia
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
96.5 to 97.5
Apical

39. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Diastolic pressure
shallow or slow breathing
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

40. Measurement of oxygen
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Cheyenne-Stokes
oximetry
60 to 70 mL

41. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
constant
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Cheyenne-Stokes

42. Fever above 100.2 F
pyrexia
Cardiac Output
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Systolic pressure

43. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
dyspnea
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

44. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
popliteal

45. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
97.5 to 99.5
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

46. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
constant

47. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Hyperventilation
raises BP.
hypoxemia

48. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
hypoxemia
Respiration
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

49. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
orthostatic hypertension
+3
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

50. Groin area
bradycardia
72 bpm
Crisis
Femoral