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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
fever
+1
Irregular
absent

2. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
ausculatation
Posterior tibial
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

3. Heart
orthostatic hypertension
Irregular
Apical
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

4. Inside ankle
96.5 to 97.5
left Sims position
72 bpm
Posterior tibial

5. 2nd stage of fever is?
Pedal pulse
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
arrhythmia

6. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Diastolic pressure
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

7. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Stroke Volume
Rhonchi

8. Average pulse rate for an adult
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
72 bpm
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

9. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Pulse
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Diaphoresis

10. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
BMR
palpate
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

11. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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12. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Radial
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
pyrexia

13. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Tachypnea
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Convection
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

14. Stage 1 hypertension
Kussmaul's respiration
low BP
ausculatation
140-159/90-99

15. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
remittent
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
72 bpm

16. Measurement of oxygen
oximetry
arrhythmia
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

17. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
hyperoxia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

18. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
hypotension
Stroke Volume
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
intermittent

19. Absence of breathing
higher
wheeze
apnea
Axillary.

20. Risk for prolonged hypertension
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
bradypnea
Temporal
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

21. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Biot's respirations
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

22. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Crisis
oximetry
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

23. Weak and may be irregular
60 to 70 mL
hypotension
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
thready

24. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Crisis
Stertor
16-20

25. Side of neck
120-139/80-89
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
carotid
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

26. Head injury BP?
Biot's
Radial
raises BP.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

27. How does size affect pulse?
Respiration
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

28. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
+1
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Stroke volume

29. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
Feeble
hypoxemia
Axillary.

30. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Crisis
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
tachycardia

31. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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32. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Irregular
Pulse pressure

33. Elevated temperature
fever
palpate
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

34. Substances tat cause fever
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
pyrogens
hypertension

35. High oxygen
hyperoxia
hypertension
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

36. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
hypoxemia
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
pyrexia
fever

37. High BP
hypertension
palpate
hypotension
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

38. How is shock caused?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

39. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
palpate

40. Barely palpable
97.5 to 99.5
Feeble
Stertor
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

41. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
the lungs
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Eupnea
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

42. Prehypertension
Pulse
120-139/80-89
apnea
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

43. Top of left foot
140-159/90-99
pyrexia
Dorsalis pedis
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

44. How does external respiration occur?
20-30
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

45. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
absent
remittent
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

46. How should respirations be counted?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hypoxia
Femoral

47. What are the 5 vital signs?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Conduction
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

48. Side of forehead
Temporal
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

49. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
96.5 to 97.5
popliteal
oximeter
apnea

50. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
stridor
intermittent
hypoxia
16-20