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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Cardiac Output
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Pedal pulse
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

2. BP at or lower 90/60.
hypotension
Relapsing
shallow or slow breathing
+2

3. Inside ankle
Irregular
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Posterior tibial
hypertension

4. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
popliteal
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

5. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Systolic pressure
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
hypoxia

6. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
intermittent
Respiration
constant

7. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
arrhythmia
Temporal
Stertor

8. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
bradypnea
Pulse pressure
absent
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

9. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
popliteal
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Evaporation
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

10. Bend of elbow
oximeter
lysis
fever
Brachial

11. Symptoms of hypoxia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
bradypnea
Cheyenne-Stokes
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

12. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
Eupnea
pyrogens
raises BP.

13. Rectal temperature are
Hypothermia
arrhythmia
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

14. Prehypertension
120/80
16-20
120-139/80-89
Diastolic pressure

15. How should baby's temperature be taken?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Axillary.
Hyperventilation
intermittent

16. Weak and may be irregular
thready
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
96.5 to 97.5
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

17. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
left Sims position
stridor
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

18. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
wheeze
Posterior tibial
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
remittent

19. Groin area
Femoral
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Crisis
raises BP.

20. Feel
lysis
crackles
Conduction
palpate

21. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Feeble
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Femoral

22. Risk for prolonged hypertension
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
low
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
16-20

23. Substances tat cause fever
Dorsalis pedis
Hypothermia
hypoxemia
pyrogens

24. Taking axillary temperature
crackles
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

25. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Brachial
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Stroke volume

26. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
carotid
stridor
Cardiac Output
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

27. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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28. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Rhonchi
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

29. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
140-159/90-99
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Cardiac Output
It will also fall

30. Average pulse rate for an adult
thready
72 bpm
wheeze
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

31. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Hyperventilation
Pulse
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Systolic pressure

32. How does size affect pulse?
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Diaphoresis
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

33. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
bradycardia
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

34. Abrupt decline in fever
Hypothermia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Crisis
Pulse

35. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
crackles
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
+2
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

36. How is pulse best found?
Kussmaul's respiration
120/80
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

37. Absence of breathing
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
apnea
hypertension
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

38. Adolescent
Biot's
It will also fall
low
16-20

39. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Axillary.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

40. Fever above 100.2 F
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
wheeze
pyrexia
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

41. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
140-159/90-99
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
pyrogens
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

42. Side of wrist
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
shallow or slow breathing
Radial
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

43. Barely palpable
arrhythmia
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Feeble
120-139/80-89

44. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

45. People most at risk for hypertension
Rhonchi
Biot's
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
low

46. Elevated temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
fever
Apical
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

47. 1st stage of fever is?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Posterior tibial
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
orthostatic hypertension

48. How is shock caused?
Temporal
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
constant
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

49. High oxygen
60 to 70 mL
hyperoxia
low
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

50. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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