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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
intermittent
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Stroke volume
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

2. Head injury BP?
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
raises BP.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

3. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Cardiac Output
Relapsing
Stroke Volume

4. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
fever
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Cardiac Output

5. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
^160/^100
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
apnea
Relapsing

6. Axillary temperature are
+1
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Cardiac Output
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

7. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
Axillary.
stridor
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

8. Risk for prolonged hypertension
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

9. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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10. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
bradypnea
Dorsalis pedis
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Diastolic pressure

11. Elevated temperature
fever
Respiration
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

12. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
crackles
hypotension
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

13. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
intermittent
Conduction
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
BMR

14. State of insufficient oxygen
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
120/80
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
hypoxia

15. Measurement of oxygen
oximetry
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Hyperventilation
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

16. Absence of breathing
Stroke Volume
apnea
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

17. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
120/80
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
hypoxemia

18. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Pedal pulse
carotid
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
absent

19. Groin area
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Stroke Volume
orthostatic hypertension
Femoral

20. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Axillary.
Brachial
Korotkoff sounds
30-80

21. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
low BP
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

22. Symptoms of hypoxia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
ausculatation
Stertor
stridor

23. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Pedal pulse
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

24. Diurnal variation BP?
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
absent
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Korotkoff sounds

25. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
orthostatic hypertension
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Pulse

26. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
low
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

27. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Hypothermia
Apical
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

28. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Eupnea

29. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

30. High BP
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
remittent
hypertension
Temporal

31. Abrupt decline in fever
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
fever
Crisis
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

32. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
dyspnea
Korotkoff sounds

33. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
ausculatation
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
shallow or slow breathing

34. How does age affect pulse?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

35. Taking a rectal temperature
Feeble
oximetry
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

36. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
the lungs
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
absent
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

37. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
120-139/80-89
60 to 70 mL
BMR
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

38. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
120/80
+2
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

39. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
Feeble
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
crackles
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

40. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
orthostatic hypertension
wheeze
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

41. How is pulse best found?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
16-20

42. BP at or lower 90/60.
shallow or slow breathing
Dorsalis pedis
hypotension
hypertension

43. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
low BP
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Pulse pressure
bradycardia

44. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
bradypnea
bradycardia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Eupnea

45. Prehypertension
120-139/80-89
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
palpate
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

46. How does external respiration occur?
low BP
popliteal
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

47. Low oxygen
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Conduction
Eupnea
hypoxia

48. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Diastolic pressure
ausculatation
crackles

49. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Convection
Respiration
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

50. 3 yr old
pyrogens
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
constant
20-30