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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. State of insufficient oxygen
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
bradycardia
hypoxia
Temporal

2. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
60 to 70 mL
higher
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

3. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
low BP
remittent
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
orthostatic hypertension

4. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
bradycardia
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

5. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
constant

6. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Biot's
Temporal
16-20
absent

7. How is pulse best found?
Stertor
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

8. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
low BP
tachycardia
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

9. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Radial
Rhonchi
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

10. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
intermittent
Crisis
Eupnea
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

11. Stage 1 hypertension
140-159/90-99
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Femoral
Respiration

12. High BP
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Stertor
hypertension

13. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
It will also fall
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

14. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
arrhythmia
It will also fall
140-159/90-99
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

15. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
96.5 to 97.5
stridor
Dorsalis pedis

16. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
constant
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
16-20

17. How should baby's temperature be taken?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Convection
Axillary.

18. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
Femoral
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
hypoxia
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

19. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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20. 3rd stage of fever?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Kussmaul's respiration
Korotkoff sounds
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

21. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
Systolic pressure
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
hypertension
Dorsalis pedis

22. Diurnal variation BP?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

23. Those at risk for hypothermia include
Posterior tibial
Hyperventilation
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
shallow or slow breathing

24. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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25. Taking axillary temperature
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Apical
Posterior tibial

26. Barely palpable
Feeble
Cardiac Output
tachycardia
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

27. How is shock caused?
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Relapsing
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
120/70

28. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Core Temperature
low
higher
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

29. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Stroke Volume
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

30. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Cardiac Output
Rhonchi
Pulse
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

31. Top of left foot
orthostatic hypertension
Feeble
Dorsalis pedis
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

32. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
oximeter
12-20

33. Healthly adult
12-20
left Sims position
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

34. Feel
12-20
Systolic pressure
palpate
60 to 70 mL

35. Enviromental temperature BP?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
+2
absent
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

36. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Radial
+3

37. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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38. Absence of breathing
carotid
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
apnea

39. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
wheeze
Diaphoresis

40. How do you measure the apical pulse?
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
pyrexia
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

41. Low oxygen
16-20
hypoxia
hypotension
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

42. Axillary temperature are
Diastolic pressure
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

43. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
120/80
intermittent

44. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
arrhythmia
lysis
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

45. An example of nursing planning
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
^160/^100
low
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

46. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
crackles
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Hypothermia
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

47. 1st stage of fever is?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
lysis
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Stroke volume

48. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Eupnea
remittent
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

49. Lobes in the lungs?
16-20
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
tachycardia
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

50. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Respiration
Feeble
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling