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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Average blood pressure should be
Feeble
120/70
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Brachial

2. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
16-20
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

3. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Temporal
hypotension
It will also fall
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

4. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Tachypnea
higher
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
stridor

5. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
hyperoxia
Korotkoff sounds
+1
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

6. Bend of knee
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
higher
popliteal
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

7. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
oximetry
20-30
Core Temperature
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

8. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
BMR
left Sims position
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

9. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
thready
the lungs
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

10. 1st stage of fever is?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Respiration
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
16-20

11. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

12. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
Feeble
Systolic pressure
shallow or slow breathing
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

13. 3rd stage of fever?
Evaporation
fever
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
shallow or slow breathing

14. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
60 to 70 mL
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
72 bpm

15. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
bradycardia
low
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
30-80

16. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Pedal pulse
shallow or slow breathing

17. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Posterior tibial
hypoxia

18. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Axillary.
72 bpm
12-20
Stertor

19. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Relapsing
arrhythmia
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
apnea

20. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Hyperventilation
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
stridor
Pulse

21. Absence of breathing
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
apnea
bradycardia
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

22. Side of wrist
Radial
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
popliteal
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

23. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Systolic pressure
Axillary.

24. Risk for prolonged hypertension
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Axillary.
hypoxia

25. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
96.5 to 97.5
+2
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Cheyenne-Stokes

26. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
lysis

27. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
stridor
+1
Pedal pulse

28. State of insufficient oxygen
Hyperventilation
Feeble
ausculatation
hypoxia

29. 3 yr old
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
20-30
Biot's respirations
Systolic pressure

30. Elderly respiration
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
dyspnea
16-20
hypertension

31. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
Apical
Tachypnea
Feeble

32. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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33. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
hypertension
Tachypnea
Systolic pressure

34. Excessive sweat production
16-20
120/70
Diaphoresis
Biot's

35. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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36. Side of forehead
Temporal
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Radial
12-20

37. Measurement of oxygen
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
palpate
It will also fall
oximetry

38. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
120-139/80-89
palpate
Biot's

39. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Stroke Volume
higher
low
+3

40. Taking a rectal temperature
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

41. Elevated temperature
fever
60 to 70 mL
+3
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

42. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Evaporation
palpate
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
120/70

43. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
bradypnea
60 to 70 mL
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
lysis

44. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
lysis
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
30-80
tachycardia

45. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Pedal pulse
ausculatation
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

46. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
remittent
oximeter
+3

47. The average temperature in the older adult
Systolic pressure
It will also fall
96.5 to 97.5
hypoxia

48. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
thready
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
remittent
120/80

49. Weak and may be irregular
higher
hypoxia
20-30
thready

50. When is apicial pulse used?
+2
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Femoral
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and