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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 30 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Lobes in the lungs?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Biot's respirations
Biot's
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

2. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
low
higher
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Relapsing

3. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
30-80
Korotkoff sounds
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

4. Newborn
30-80
120-139/80-89
Core Temperature
120/80

5. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Eupnea
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

6. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
crackles

7. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Hypothermia
raises BP.

8. Side of forehead
Conduction
Cheyenne-Stokes
Temporal
stridor

9. Axillary temperature are
Diaphoresis
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
hypoxia

10. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
+3
Feeble
60 to 70 mL
Stroke Volume

11. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Temporal
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
constant

12. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Cardiac Output
constant

13. How do you measure the apical pulse?
Respiration
fever
bradycardia
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

14. High BP
hypertension
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
crackles
carotid

15. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
+1

16. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
absent
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
96.5 to 97.5
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

17. Prehypertension
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
20-30
120-139/80-89
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

18. An example of nursing planning
hypotension
It will also fall
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

19. How does external respiration occur?
Crisis
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

20. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
ausculatation
the lungs
Pulse
lysis

21. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Dorsalis pedis
16-20
Posterior tibial
arrhythmia

22. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
It will also fall
16-20
Diaphoresis

23. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
Biot's respirations
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

24. Rectal temperature are
Hypothermia
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

25. Abrupt decline in fever
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
remittent
Crisis
Apical

26. Groin area
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Femoral
20-30
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

27. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

28. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
96.5 to 97.5
140-159/90-99
Radial
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

29. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Korotkoff sounds
Radial
+2
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

30. Low oxygen
apnea
Core Temperature
72 bpm
hypoxia

31. Top of left foot
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Dorsalis pedis
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
dyspnea

32. Average pulse rate for an adult
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
72 bpm
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

33. Hearing
Diaphoresis
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
ausculatation

34. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
It will also fall
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
arrhythmia

35. Taking a rectal temperature
120/70
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
hypoxia
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

36. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
tachycardia
the lungs
It will also fall

37. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
apnea
fever
Brachial

38. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

39. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
stridor
the lungs
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
crackles

40. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
absent
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Apical

41. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

42. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Eupnea
Stertor
Pedal pulse
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

43. Bend of knee
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
lysis
Tachypnea
popliteal

44. The average temperature in the older adult
low BP
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
120/80
96.5 to 97.5

45. Average blood pressure should be
120/70
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
+1
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

46. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Tachypnea
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
It will also fall

47. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Cardiac Output
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

48. State of insufficient oxygen
30-80
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
apnea
hypoxia

49. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Eupnea
30-80
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

50. Elevated temperature
fever
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Relapsing
Cheyenne-Stokes

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Measuring Vital Signs

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