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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
It will also fall
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Dorsalis pedis

2. Head injury BP?
Diaphoresis
raises BP.
Temporal
orthostatic hypertension

3. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Irregular

4. Axillary temperature are
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

5. Those at risk for hypothermia include
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Radial
carotid

6. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
oximetry
Cardiac Output

7. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Diastolic pressure
pyrogens
72 bpm
^160/^100

8. 3rd stage of fever?
stridor
carotid
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

9. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
Feeble
stridor
hypoxemia
oximetry

10. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
Pedal pulse
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
120/80
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

11. Groin area
Femoral
hypoxemia
crackles
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

12. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

13. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
72 bpm
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
absent
shallow or slow breathing

14. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
the lungs
Respiration
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

15. High BP
fever
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hypertension
Stroke volume

16. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
oximeter
140-159/90-99
arrhythmia

17. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
higher
hypoxemia

18. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
dyspnea
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

19. Bend of elbow
Respiration
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Brachial
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

20. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
Hyperventilation
low BP
oximeter
Biot's

21. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
arrhythmia
Pulse

22. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Feeble
Tachypnea

23. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Kussmaul's respiration
Core Temperature
+2
ausculatation

24. Low oxygen
hypoxia
Posterior tibial
Hypothermia
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

25. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
It will also fall
oximeter
Convection
Radial

26. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
constant
low
Radial

27. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
tachycardia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
ausculatation

28. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
Feeble
pyrogens
Eupnea

29. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
hypoxemia
Core Temperature
Conduction
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

30. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
140-159/90-99
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

31. 1st stage of fever is?
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

32. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Conduction
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Stroke volume

33. An example of nursing planning
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
remittent
ausculatation
It will also fall

34. Enviromental temperature BP?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

35. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
intermittent
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
120-139/80-89
Apical

36. 2nd stage of fever is?
Cardiac Output
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
absent
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

37. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Pedal pulse
Korotkoff sounds
wheeze

38. Adolescent
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Kussmaul's respiration
Convection
16-20

39. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
60 to 70 mL
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
16-20
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

40. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Cheyenne-Stokes
intermittent
shallow or slow breathing
Brachial

41. Taking axillary temperature
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
tachycardia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

42. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Feeble

43. Newborn
low
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
30-80
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

44. Stress & emotions. BP?
bradycardia
Core Temperature
Relapsing
higher

45. Elevated temperature
Irregular
^160/^100
fever
absent

46. Taking a rectal temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
hypoxemia
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

47. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
Conduction
+1
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Temporal

48. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Cheyenne-Stokes
the lungs
+3
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

49. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Korotkoff sounds
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
raises BP.
absent

50. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
Hypothermia
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Core Temperature
97.5 to 99.5