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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
120/70
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
hypoxia
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

2. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
+1
120/70
96.5 to 97.5
hypoxemia

3. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
Convection
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

4. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
+1
Hyperventilation
BMR

5. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
30-80
Irregular
120-139/80-89

6. An example of nursing planning
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
hypotension
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
hypoxemia

7. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

8. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
orthostatic hypertension
fever
Irregular

9. Enviromental temperature BP?
Convection
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
apnea

10. Diurnal variation BP?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
bradypnea
Hyperventilation
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

11. Side of neck
hypotension
Irregular
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
carotid

12. Risk for prolonged hypertension
72 bpm
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Hyperventilation
30-80

13. Adolescent
Posterior tibial
Biot's respirations
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
16-20

14. Bend of knee
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
popliteal
Stertor
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

15. When should rectal temperatures be used?
Systolic pressure
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

16. 3rd stage of fever?
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Conduction
bradycardia
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

17. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
stridor
dyspnea
72 bpm
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

18. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
absent
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
low BP

19. Low oxygen
hypoxia
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
constant
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

20. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
Femoral
bradycardia
Apical
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

21. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Pulse
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
oximeter

22. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
the lungs
Feeble
Hyperventilation

23. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
97.5 to 99.5
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Korotkoff sounds
the lungs

24. Prehypertension
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
120-139/80-89
16-20
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

25. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

26. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
stridor
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
120/80

27. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
Radial
tachycardia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
orthostatic hypertension

28. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
shallow or slow breathing
crackles
+1

29. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Evaporation
Relapsing
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

30. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
hypoxia
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Stertor

31. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Hyperventilation
+3
palpate

32. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
96.5 to 97.5
Respiration
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

33. Inside ankle
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
hypotension
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Posterior tibial

34. Weak and may be irregular
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
bradycardia
thready
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

35. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Apical
Diaphoresis
Tachypnea
low

36. BP at or lower 90/60.
intermittent
hypotension
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
pyrogens

37. High BP
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
hypertension
16-20
bradypnea

38. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Temporal
97.5 to 99.5
^160/^100

39. The average temperature in the older adult
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
96.5 to 97.5
Radial
Temporal

40. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

41. Stage 1 hypertension
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
140-159/90-99
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

42. When is apicial pulse used?
20-30
Tachypnea
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

43. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
popliteal
hypoxemia
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Relapsing

44. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
higher
Evaporation
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
oximeter

45. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
Pulse pressure
dyspnea
Respiration
Irregular

46. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
+2
Tachypnea
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

47. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

48. Abrupt decline in fever
Crisis
orthostatic hypertension
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

49. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
97.5 to 99.5
+2
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

50. Stress & emotions. BP?
12-20
higher
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
hypoxemia