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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Korotkoff sounds
dyspnea
Cardiac Output

2. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
left Sims position
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
12-20

3. Hearing
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
ausculatation
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

4. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
16-20
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
pyrexia
Convection

5. Enviromental temperature BP?
16-20
palpate
ausculatation
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

6. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

7. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
Relapsing
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
oximetry
orthostatic hypertension

8. How do you measure the apical pulse?
popliteal
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Brachial

9. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
Brachial
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
stridor

10. Side of neck
hyperoxia
oximeter
popliteal
carotid

11. Lobes in the lungs?
Rhonchi
oximetry
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Posterior tibial

12. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Femoral
Feeble
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
hypoxemia

13. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Cheyenne-Stokes
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

14. How is shock caused?
Hypothermia
raises BP.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
fever

15. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Diastolic pressure
120/80
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

16. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Cardiac Output
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
orthostatic hypertension

17. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Diaphoresis
ausculatation
remittent

18. Feel
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
palpate
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

19. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
hypoxia
+1
oximetry
Biot's respirations

20. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Rhonchi
bradypnea
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

21. Healthly adult
12-20
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

22. Low oxygen
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
the lungs
hypoxia
bradypnea

23. How should respirations be counted?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Biot's
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Dorsalis pedis

24. Head injury BP?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
raises BP.

25. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Biot's
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
+2
stridor

26. Inside ankle
oximeter
Posterior tibial
Hyperventilation
Feeble

27. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
dyspnea
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Stroke volume

28. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
arrhythmia
apnea

29. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
constant
Cardiac Output
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Rhonchi

30. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
higher
30-80
crackles

31. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Stroke volume
60 to 70 mL
30-80
left Sims position

32. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
ausculatation
Axillary.
120/80
Stertor

33. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
low
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
hypoxia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

34. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
bradycardia
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Diastolic pressure
20-30

35. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
low
Eupnea
96.5 to 97.5

36. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
^160/^100
Tachypnea
120/70

37. An example of nursing planning
97.5 to 99.5
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
hypertension
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

38. Risk for prolonged hypertension
20-30
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

39. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
120/80
Stroke volume
remittent

40. Prehypertension
120-139/80-89
crackles
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

41. Axillary temperature are
Brachial
120-139/80-89
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

42. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
hypoxia
96.5 to 97.5
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

43. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
shallow or slow breathing
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

44. When should rectal temperatures be used?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
constant
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

45. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
It will also fall
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
popliteal
bradycardia

46. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
wheeze
hyperoxia
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

47. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
stridor
Systolic pressure

48. Measurement of oxygen
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
oximetry
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

49. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Apical
bradypnea
apnea

50. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Evaporation
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
hypoxia