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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
^160/^100
Korotkoff sounds
Biot's respirations

2. Those at risk for hypothermia include
60 to 70 mL
Diastolic pressure
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
dyspnea

3. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Stertor
oximeter

4. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
the lungs
120-139/80-89
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

5. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
97.5 to 99.5
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

6. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Korotkoff sounds
oximeter
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

7. BP at or lower 90/60.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
hypotension
tachycardia

8. Rectal temperature are
Kussmaul's respiration
crackles
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

9. 1st stage of fever is?
Stertor
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Stroke volume
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

10. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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11. Absence of breathing
bradypnea
apnea
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

12. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
raises BP.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Irregular

13. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Core Temperature

14. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Diaphoresis
60 to 70 mL
low BP
16-20

15. Stage 2 hypertension
^160/^100
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
lysis
low BP

16. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Pedal pulse
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
120/70

17. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
the lungs
16-20
Hypothermia
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

18. This affects the character of the pulse.
120/70
Stroke Volume
20-30
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

19. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

20. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
tachycardia
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Pulse

21. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hypoxemia

22. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
97.5 to 99.5
lysis

23. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Biot's
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Convection

24. Symptoms of hypoxia
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
the lungs
lysis

25. How should respirations be counted?
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
left Sims position
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

26. Gradual return to a normal temperature
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
carotid
lysis

27. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Axillary.
absent
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

28. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
pyrogens
lysis
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Crisis

29. Top of left foot
low BP
Dorsalis pedis
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
raises BP.

30. Low oxygen
hypoxia
Feeble
Relapsing
stridor

31. Healthly adult
hypotension
Kussmaul's respiration
12-20
hypertension

32. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
hypotension
low BP
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
+2

33. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Tachypnea
lysis
16-20
Pulse pressure

34. Stress & emotions. BP?
Conduction
higher
Irregular
Diastolic pressure

35. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Crisis
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Eupnea

36. Barely palpable
Feeble
stridor
Tachypnea
low BP

37. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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38. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
16-20
popliteal
Axillary.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

39. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
intermittent
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

40. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
pyrogens
96.5 to 97.5
oximeter
Rhonchi

41. How is shock caused?
97.5 to 99.5
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
low

42. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Relapsing
palpate
Eupnea
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

43. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
30-80
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds

44. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
intermittent
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Convection
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

45. People most at risk for hypertension
Stertor
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Respiration

46. How is pulse best found?
hypoxia
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Radial
Respiration

47. 3 yr old
20-30
low BP
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hypoxia

48. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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49. Prehypertension
Axillary.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
carotid
120-139/80-89

50. Side of neck
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
carotid
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence