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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
pyrexia
carotid
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
It will also fall

2. Groin area
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
tachycardia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Femoral

3. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
Radial
low BP
Kussmaul's respiration
Tachypnea

4. When is apicial pulse used?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Femoral

5. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Convection

6. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Posterior tibial
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
hypoxemia

7. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
97.5 to 99.5
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
30-80

8. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
lysis
BMR
dyspnea
tachycardia

9. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
apnea
Tachypnea

10. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
60 to 70 mL
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

11. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
Crisis
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Respiration

12. People most at risk for hypertension
Radial
Pulse pressure
hypoxia
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

13. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Pulse pressure
16-20
hypoxemia

14. Absence of breathing
palpate
fever
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
apnea

15. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
absent
Cardiac Output
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

16. How do you measure the apical pulse?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Biot's respirations
Posterior tibial
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

17. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Stroke Volume
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
palpate

18. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Rhonchi
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

19. Inside ankle
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
bradypnea
Posterior tibial

20. Low oxygen
Posterior tibial
hypoxia
carotid
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

21. Lobes in the lungs?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Temporal
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

22. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
140-159/90-99
higher
tachycardia

23. An example of nursing planning
hyperoxia
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

24. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
BMR
Evaporation
Convection
Stertor

25. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
stridor
lysis
Rhonchi
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

26. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Hypothermia
stridor
remittent

27. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Hyperventilation
120/80
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

28. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
30-80
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
low BP

29. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Radial
bradycardia
popliteal

30. Sex BP?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
30-80
bradypnea
intermittent

31. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
oximeter
+3

32. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

33. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Tachypnea
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Convection

34. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
ausculatation
Axillary.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

35. Bend of knee
60 to 70 mL
popliteal
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

36. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
Temporal
bradypnea
orthostatic hypertension
Tachypnea

37. How does size affect pulse?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
120/80
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

38. Hearing
ausculatation
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Hypothermia
Systolic pressure

39. Normal body temperature ranges?
left Sims position
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
97.5 to 99.5
tachycardia

40. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

41. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
72 bpm
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Korotkoff sounds
120-139/80-89

42. This affects the character of the pulse.
Biot's
Dorsalis pedis
Stroke Volume
It will also fall

43. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
Stroke Volume
Hyperventilation
pyrogens
120/80

44. Side of wrist
Radial
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
30-80
Stertor

45. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
low
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
dyspnea

46. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Core Temperature
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
pyrexia

47. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Posterior tibial
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
60 to 70 mL
12-20

48. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
shallow or slow breathing

49. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Systolic pressure
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
16-20

50. High BP
BMR
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
hypertension