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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Adolescent
hypoxemia
lysis
16-20
Relapsing

2. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
hypoxemia
+3
Diastolic pressure
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

3. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
orthostatic hypertension
popliteal

4. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
stridor
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Feeble

5. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Core Temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

6. An example of a nursing diagnoses
hypoxia
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Hypothermia
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

7. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
left Sims position
palpate
BMR
Pulse

8. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
intermittent
hypoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

9. 3 yr old
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Apical
bradycardia
20-30

10. Head injury BP?
popliteal
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
raises BP.

11. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
pyrexia
16-20
Pulse pressure
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

12. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
shallow or slow breathing
oximetry
It will also fall
low BP

13. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Convection
60 to 70 mL
hyperoxia

14. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Apical
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

15. Barely palpable
Axillary.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Feeble
carotid

16. Abrupt decline in fever
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
palpate
Crisis
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

17. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Eupnea
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
hypoxemia

18. Side of forehead
Temporal
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Korotkoff sounds
arrhythmia

19. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
bradypnea
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
16-20
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

20. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
stridor
Conduction
120/80
Irregular

21. Absence of breathing
Stroke volume
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
apnea
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

22. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
120/70
carotid
bradycardia
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

23. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
shallow or slow breathing
72 bpm
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
absent

24. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
bradycardia
Rhonchi
Evaporation
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

25. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
+3

26. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
crackles
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

27. Average pulse rate for an adult
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
pyrogens
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
72 bpm

28. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
oximeter
Radial
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Stertor

29. Stage 2 hypertension
Cardiac Output
Radial
97.5 to 99.5
^160/^100

30. Rectal temperature are
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
72 bpm
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

31. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
wheeze
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
shallow or slow breathing

32. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
left Sims position
the lungs
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

33. High BP
hypertension
Femoral
Core Temperature
Hypothermia

34. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Conduction
Femoral
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

35. Elevated temperature
Dorsalis pedis
Stroke volume
bradycardia
fever

36. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
higher
Irregular

37. Enviromental temperature BP?
hypoxemia
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

38. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

39. Lobes in the lungs?
20-30
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
remittent
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

40. How does size affect pulse?
popliteal
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

41. High oxygen
Hypothermia
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
hyperoxia

42. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Evaporation
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

43. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
low
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

44. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Stertor
palpate
96.5 to 97.5
left Sims position

45. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
intermittent
Hypothermia
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

46. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
Temporal
hypoxia
wheeze
Rhonchi

47. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
Tachypnea
remittent
wheeze
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

48. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Axillary.
Biot's respirations
+3

49. Axillary temperature are
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
hypotension
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Cardiac Output

50. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
left Sims position
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
constant