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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
It will also fall
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Biot's respirations
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

2. Taking axillary temperature
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
low BP
hypoxia

3. Measurement of oxygen
intermittent
low BP
oximetry
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

4. What are the 5 vital signs?
Femoral
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
palpate
30-80

5. Newborn
30-80
Biot's
97.5 to 99.5
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

6. How does size affect pulse?
hypoxia
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

7. Barely palpable
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Feeble
+2
hypotension

8. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Convection
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Stroke volume

9. Healthly adult
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
12-20

10. Taking a rectal temperature
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
shallow or slow breathing
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

11. People most at risk for hypertension
Systolic pressure
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
140-159/90-99
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

12. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Core Temperature
ausculatation
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
oximetry

13. Stage 2 hypertension
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
^160/^100
Eupnea
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

14. Head injury BP?
raises BP.
It will also fall
oximetry
Pulse pressure

15. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
20-30
hypotension
absent

16. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
hypertension
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

17. Feel
Brachial
palpate
wheeze
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

18. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
higher
Femoral
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

19. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
palpate
carotid

20. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
constant
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

21. Risk for prolonged hypertension
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
+3

22. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
apnea
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

23. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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24. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
dyspnea
bradycardia

25. How should respirations be counted?
fever
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

26. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Rhonchi
60 to 70 mL
+1
Relapsing

27. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
+1
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
ausculatation
bradycardia

28. This affects the character of the pulse.
hypertension
Stroke Volume
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
absent

29. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
12-20
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Relapsing
left Sims position

30. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
BMR
higher

31. Enviromental temperature BP?
Diastolic pressure
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
carotid
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

32. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
intermittent
Hyperventilation
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

33. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
BMR
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

34. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Evaporation
+3
Hyperventilation
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

35. State of insufficient oxygen
hypoxia
Posterior tibial
30-80
Korotkoff sounds

36. Rectal temperature are
140-159/90-99
Stroke Volume
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

37. Groin area
Axillary.
hypertension
Biot's respirations
Femoral

38. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Stroke volume
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
thready
the lungs

39. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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40. Side of forehead
constant
Dorsalis pedis
Temporal
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

41. Average pulse rate for an adult
72 bpm
Posterior tibial
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

42. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
140-159/90-99
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
thready

43. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
bradycardia
tachycardia
72 bpm
remittent

44. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
+3
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Relapsing
low

45. Weak and may be irregular
thready
+1
hypoxia
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

46. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
raises BP.
hypoxia
shallow or slow breathing

47. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
16-20
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
dyspnea

48. Average blood pressure should be
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Tachypnea
120/70
Radial

49. Stage 1 hypertension
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
140-159/90-99
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Axillary.

50. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
60 to 70 mL
dyspnea
oximetry
Stroke volume