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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Taking a rectal temperature
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Stroke Volume
Tachypnea
BMR

2. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
stridor
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Cheyenne-Stokes
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

3. How do drugs affect pulse?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Rhonchi

4. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
140-159/90-99
Cheyenne-Stokes
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

5. Enviromental temperature BP?
pyrexia
stridor
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Radial

6. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Systolic pressure
Diastolic pressure
Femoral

7. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
BMR
Posterior tibial
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

8. Abrupt decline in fever
Crisis
Conduction
pyrogens
dyspnea

9. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Apical
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
hyperoxia

10. Heart
120-139/80-89
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
stridor
Apical

11. How should respirations be counted?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

12. Barely palpable
raises BP.
97.5 to 99.5
Feeble
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

13. 1st stage of fever is?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
60 to 70 mL
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Brachial

14. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
ausculatation
Dorsalis pedis

15. Elevated temperature
Stroke volume
fever
Tachypnea
Systolic pressure

16. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Pulse pressure
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

17. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
120-139/80-89
Eupnea
Temporal
Stroke Volume

18. Low oxygen
Pulse
hypoxia
left Sims position
Irregular

19. Average pulse rate for an adult
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
140-159/90-99
Convection
72 bpm

20. Fever above 100.2 F
hypoxia
pyrexia
Core Temperature
16-20

21. Average blood pressure should be
Dorsalis pedis
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
120/70
Cardiac Output

22. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
60 to 70 mL
72 bpm
140-159/90-99
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

23. How do you measure the apical pulse?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
apnea
16-20

24. Diurnal variation BP?
^160/^100
Brachial
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
higher

25. Hearing
ausculatation
20-30
hypoxia
stridor

26. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
crackles
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
bradypnea

27. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Crisis
Stroke Volume
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

28. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Korotkoff sounds
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Posterior tibial
Stroke volume

29. State of insufficient oxygen
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
140-159/90-99
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
hypoxia

30. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
fever
+2
hypertension

31. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
hypoxemia
dyspnea
Core Temperature
Hypothermia

32. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Diaphoresis
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Core Temperature
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

33. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Pedal pulse
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
constant

34. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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35. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Tachypnea
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

36. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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37. Measurement of oxygen
Korotkoff sounds
oximetry
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Systolic pressure

38. What are the 5 vital signs?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
constant
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

39. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Diaphoresis
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

40. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
12-20
hypoxemia
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

41. 3 yr old
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
20-30
Brachial

42. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
+3
Cardiac Output
60 to 70 mL
120-139/80-89

43. People most at risk for hypertension
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
popliteal
97.5 to 99.5

44. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Pulse pressure
oximeter
dyspnea
Biot's respirations

45. Axillary temperature are
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
higher
Crisis
intermittent

46. Stage 2 hypertension
^160/^100
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
120-139/80-89
hypertension

47. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
the lungs
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

48. 3rd stage of fever?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Stroke volume
Axillary.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

49. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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50. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Diastolic pressure
hypoxemia
Pulse
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients