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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
^160/^100
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
oximeter
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

2. Symptoms of hypoxia
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

3. Barely palpable
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
carotid
Feeble
Cardiac Output

4. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
absent
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
120-139/80-89

5. Average pulse rate for an adult
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
72 bpm
carotid
Respiration

6. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Eupnea
Hypothermia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

7. Groin area
raises BP.
Femoral
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
ausculatation

8. 3rd stage of fever?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Pedal pulse
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

9. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Systolic pressure
stridor
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Crisis

10. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
BMR
Eupnea
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

11. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Pedal pulse
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
oximetry

12. An example of a nursing diagnoses
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
tachycardia
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

13. 2nd stage of fever is?
Korotkoff sounds
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
intermittent
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

14. Average blood pressure should be
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Core Temperature
120/70
Diastolic pressure

15. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Rhonchi
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
bradycardia
Crisis

16. Stage 1 hypertension
140-159/90-99
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Cheyenne-Stokes
120/70

17. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
oximetry
Systolic pressure
Dorsalis pedis

18. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
+3
absent
higher
Evaporation

19. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
oximetry
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
absent

20. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
Biot's
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
16-20

21. Diurnal variation BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Hyperventilation
+2
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

22. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Hyperventilation
Feeble
16-20
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

23. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
96.5 to 97.5
Kussmaul's respiration
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
dyspnea

24. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
hypoxia
low
+1
Conduction

25. Taking a rectal temperature
apnea
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

26. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Femoral
constant
bradycardia

27. Signs and symptoms of shock
16-20
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
thready

28. Lobes in the lungs?
tachycardia
apnea
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

29. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
intermittent
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
raises BP.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

30. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
96.5 to 97.5
hypertension
120/80
Hyperventilation

31. Feel
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
palpate
hypertension
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

32. Substances tat cause fever
12-20
16-20
oximetry
pyrogens

33. Weak and may be irregular
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
thready
hypoxemia

34. Hearing
pyrexia
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
ausculatation
Biot's respirations

35. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Stroke volume
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

36. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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37. How is shock caused?
Stroke volume
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Brachial
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

38. Risk for prolonged hypertension
Diaphoresis
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

39. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
+1
Korotkoff sounds

40. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
ausculatation
thready
the lungs
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

41. Top of left foot
bradycardia
Brachial
Radial
Dorsalis pedis

42. 1st stage of fever is?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
thready
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
20-30

43. High oxygen
It will also fall
16-20
Diaphoresis
hyperoxia

44. Those at risk for hypothermia include
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
ausculatation
carotid

45. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Stroke volume
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

46. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Relapsing
apnea
lysis
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

47. Elevated temperature
Convection
fever
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

48. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
+3
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

49. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Hypothermia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

50. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core Temperature
absent
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
left Sims position