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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
carotid
palpate

2. 3 yr old
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Convection
20-30
hypoxia

3. Healthly adult
left Sims position
12-20
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Femoral

4. An example of a nursing diagnoses
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

5. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
Cheyenne-Stokes
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Conduction

6. Signs and symptoms of shock
Biot's
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
+1
120/80

7. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
apnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

8. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
intermittent
Temporal
Respiration

9. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
remittent
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

10. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
wheeze
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

11. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Femoral
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
72 bpm

12. Inside ankle
Posterior tibial
low BP
96.5 to 97.5
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

13. Risk for prolonged hypertension
Hypothermia
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

14. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
low
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
120/70

15. Substances tat cause fever
Stroke Volume
higher
tachycardia
pyrogens

16. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
hypoxia
Hyperventilation
Kussmaul's respiration
tachycardia

17. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
Korotkoff sounds
140-159/90-99
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
low BP

18. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

19. Elderly respiration
stridor
16-20
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Pedal pulse

20. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Pedal pulse
stridor
palpate

21. Taking axillary temperature
Femoral
hypertension
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

22. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
60 to 70 mL
Relapsing
Korotkoff sounds

23. Rectal temperature are
Systolic pressure
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Axillary.
Kussmaul's respiration

24. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
shallow or slow breathing
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
intermittent

25. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Relapsing
+1
pyrexia

26. How does size affect pulse?
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

27. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Stroke Volume
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
left Sims position
hyperoxia

28. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
absent
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Diastolic pressure

29. Newborn
Stertor
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
30-80

30. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Temporal
Dorsalis pedis
tachycardia

31. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Respiration
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

32. When should rectal temperatures be used?
Biot's
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

33. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Femoral
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

34. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

35. Axillary temperature are
60 to 70 mL
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
dyspnea

36. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
left Sims position
140-159/90-99
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
thready

37. How do drugs affect pulse?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
20-30

38. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
orthostatic hypertension
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Radial

39. Side of forehead
Temporal
Irregular
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

40. What are the 5 vital signs?
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Pulse pressure
30-80
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

41. Heart
Apical
Axillary.
ausculatation
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

42. Lobes in the lungs?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

43. High BP
tachycardia
popliteal
hypertension
dyspnea

44. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Systolic pressure
orthostatic hypertension
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
+2

45. Head injury BP?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
raises BP.
Tachypnea

46. How does external respiration occur?
120/70
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
carotid
hypertension

47. Sex BP?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Respiration
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

48. Stage 2 hypertension
Relapsing
^160/^100
oximetry
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

49. High oxygen
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
hyperoxia
lysis
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

50. 1st stage of fever is?
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
72 bpm