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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
absent
+1

2. Adolescent
16-20
popliteal
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

3. Side of wrist
Radial
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
pyrogens

4. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
Diaphoresis
tachycardia
Stroke volume
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

5. Prehypertension
120-139/80-89
140-159/90-99
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

6. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
+1
stridor
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

7. Healthly adult
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
12-20
bradycardia
Brachial

8. This affects the character of the pulse.
30-80
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Stroke Volume

9. People most at risk for hypertension
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
ausculatation

10. Enviromental temperature BP?
Rhonchi
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Relapsing

11. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
intermittent
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Stertor
Stroke Volume

12. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Axillary.
arrhythmia
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

13. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
Irregular
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Posterior tibial

14. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
16-20
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

15. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
Stroke volume
16-20
BMR
120-139/80-89

16. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
shallow or slow breathing
left Sims position
Evaporation
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

17. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
thready
Diaphoresis
dyspnea

18. Stress & emotions. BP?
higher
pyrexia
Rhonchi
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

19. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Systolic pressure
Crisis
Rhonchi

20. Rectal temperature are
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
lysis
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

21. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
Evaporation
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
20-30
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

22. How does external respiration occur?
carotid
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
hypoxia

23. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
apnea
72 bpm
+1
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

24. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
pyrogens
Feeble
Pulse
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

25. Those at risk for hypothermia include
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Stertor

26. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
higher
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
low

27. Risk for prolonged hypertension
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Kussmaul's respiration

28. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Cheyenne-Stokes
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
+3

29. Heart
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
intermittent
lysis
Apical

30. An example of nursing planning
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
ausculatation
Diastolic pressure

31. Barely palpable
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Rhonchi
Feeble
absent

32. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
stridor
Hyperventilation
Posterior tibial
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

33. Bend of knee
popliteal
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

34. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
tachycardia
Systolic pressure
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
shallow or slow breathing

35. How do drugs affect pulse?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Stroke volume
+2
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

36. When is apicial pulse used?
Radial
16-20
intermittent
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

37. Absence of breathing
apnea
constant
+2
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

38. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Axillary.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Stertor
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

39. Newborn
It will also fall
Apical
30-80
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

40. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Biot's respirations
+1
pyrexia

41. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
+1
Brachial
120/70
thready

42. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Respiration
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

43. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Cardiac Output
Core Temperature
pyrexia

44. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
hyperoxia
Core Temperature
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

45. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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46. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Posterior tibial
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Conduction

47. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
+1
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Temporal
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

48. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Biot's
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

49. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
hypertension
Pedal pulse
+2
Femoral

50. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Tachypnea
Diaphoresis