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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
Radial
BMR
Conduction

2. How does external respiration occur?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Pedal pulse
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Axillary.

3. High oxygen
hyperoxia
Dorsalis pedis
Pulse
thready

4. Prehypertension
120-139/80-89
+1
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

5. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Pulse pressure
Stertor
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

6. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
72 bpm
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
It will also fall

7. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
ausculatation
Hypothermia
raises BP.

8. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
left Sims position
Irregular
bradypnea

9. People most at risk for hypertension
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Eupnea

10. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
12-20
hypoxia
tachycardia

11. Lobes in the lungs?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Systolic pressure
intermittent

12. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
BMR
Radial
Evaporation
Respiration

13. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
120/80
Dorsalis pedis
60 to 70 mL

14. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Diastolic pressure
Stertor
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
absent

15. Inside ankle
ausculatation
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Posterior tibial
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

16. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Crisis
Stroke volume
higher
Evaporation

17. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
orthostatic hypertension
Diastolic pressure
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
hypoxia

18. How does age affect pulse?
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

19. Those at risk for hypothermia include
low
bradycardia
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
120/80

20. How do you measure the apical pulse?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Irregular

21. 2nd stage of fever is?
Respiration
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
bradycardia
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

22. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Feeble
hypotension
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

23. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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24. Stage 2 hypertension
^160/^100
hypoxemia
Pulse
crackles

25. This affects the character of the pulse.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
tachycardia
Stroke Volume

26. An example of nursing planning
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Brachial
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Feeble

27. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Systolic pressure
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
hypotension

28. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Feeble
Crisis
hypotension
oximeter

29. Stress & emotions. BP?
hypotension
higher
Stertor
Biot's respirations

30. Groin area
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Femoral
97.5 to 99.5
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

31. Side of wrist
+1
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Radial
Temporal

32. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
12-20
Convection
crackles
stridor

33. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
oximetry
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

34. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
pyrexia
97.5 to 99.5
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
intermittent

35. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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36. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Biot's respirations
dyspnea

37. Axillary temperature are
12-20
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Apical

38. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
oximetry
bradycardia
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

39. Bend of elbow
hyperoxia
Brachial
Cheyenne-Stokes
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

40. Low oxygen
Hyperventilation
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
hypoxia
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

41. Barely palpable
left Sims position
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Feeble
dyspnea

42. Side of forehead
Temporal
Axillary.
stridor
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

43. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
shallow or slow breathing
crackles
hypotension

44. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Pedal pulse
Crisis
Stertor
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

45. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
pyrogens
Conduction
Eupnea

46. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
remittent
constant
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

47. Risk for prolonged hypertension
16-20
Posterior tibial
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

48. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
dyspnea
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Eupnea
crackles

49. How is pulse best found?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
It will also fall
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Biot's respirations

50. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
dyspnea
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
fever