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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Enviromental temperature BP?
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
fever
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

2. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Axillary.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
the lungs
Irregular

3. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

4. Gradual return to a normal temperature
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
hyperoxia
lysis
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

5. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Conduction
Diastolic pressure

6. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
Pulse
Conduction
Feeble
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

7. How should respirations be counted?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

8. Heart
Korotkoff sounds
left Sims position
Apical
pyrexia

9. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Conduction
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
carotid

10. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
97.5 to 99.5
Evaporation
pyrogens
absent

11. Bend of knee
popliteal
hypertension
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Diastolic pressure

12. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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13. The average temperature in the older adult
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
96.5 to 97.5
12-20
raises BP.

14. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
Biot's respirations
bradycardia
wheeze
Pedal pulse

15. Lobes in the lungs?
^160/^100
absent
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

16. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
60 to 70 mL
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
16-20

17. Symptoms of hypoxia
Stertor
72 bpm
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
absent

18. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
raises BP.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

19. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
oximetry
Cardiac Output
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

20. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
20-30
^160/^100
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Radial

21. Prehypertension
Cheyenne-Stokes
Pedal pulse
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
120-139/80-89

22. Side of forehead
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Temporal
120-139/80-89
palpate

23. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Pulse
+1
Irregular
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

24. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
BMR
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
popliteal

25. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
the lungs
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
tachycardia
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

26. Weak and may be irregular
thready
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

27. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
+2
fever
30-80
Pulse

28. Risk for prolonged hypertension
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Brachial
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

29. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
Diaphoresis
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
constant
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

30. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
crackles
+2

31. Elevated temperature
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
raises BP.
fever
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

32. When should rectal temperatures be used?
left Sims position
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Diaphoresis
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

33. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
60 to 70 mL
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
20-30
higher

34. BP at or lower 90/60.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
hypotension

35. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Stertor
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Pulse pressure
Temporal

36. How does size affect pulse?
dyspnea
raises BP.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Stroke Volume

37. Adolescent
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Posterior tibial
16-20

38. How do you measure the apical pulse?
Axillary.
hypotension
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
It will also fall

39. Taking axillary temperature
hypotension
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

40. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
120/80
hypoxia

41. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
96.5 to 97.5
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

42. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
^160/^100
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Stroke volume
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

43. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
Posterior tibial
remittent
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

44. Side of neck
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Biot's
carotid
hypoxia

45. 3 yr old
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
+1
20-30
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

46. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
palpate
Radial
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

47. Axillary temperature are
120/70
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
ausculatation

48. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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49. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
pyrogens
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

50. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures