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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
tachycardia
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
the lungs
hypertension

2. Hearing
Stroke volume
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
ausculatation

3. Groin area
120-139/80-89
Convection
Cardiac Output
Femoral

4. Fever above 100.2 F
Irregular
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
pyrexia
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

5. Prehypertension
120-139/80-89
Diastolic pressure
Systolic pressure
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

6. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
140-159/90-99
Eupnea
Pulse
120/80

7. Rectal temperature are
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
96.5 to 97.5
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

8. Elevated temperature
fever
Core Temperature
Temporal
Stroke volume

9. Signs and symptoms of shock
shallow or slow breathing
low BP
hyperoxia
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

10. Weak and may be irregular
thready
oximeter
higher
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

11. When is apicial pulse used?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Evaporation

12. Lobes in the lungs?
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
16-20
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

13. Feel
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
palpate
fever

14. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
low
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

15. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Hypothermia

16. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Pulse pressure
60 to 70 mL
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
120/80

17. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Pedal pulse
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Crisis
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

18. Taking a rectal temperature
Cheyenne-Stokes
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
orthostatic hypertension
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

19. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
low BP
Eupnea
Stroke volume
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

20. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
72 bpm
Systolic pressure
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

21. Symptoms of hypoxia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
hypoxemia
It will also fall
pyrexia

22. How should baby's temperature be taken?
fever
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
crackles
Axillary.

23. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Crisis
Systolic pressure
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

24. Measurement of oxygen
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
oximetry
20-30

25. Elderly respiration
16-20
Feeble
Radial
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

26. Newborn
30-80
Rhonchi
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
tachycardia

27. 3 yr old
Posterior tibial
20-30
140-159/90-99
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

28. Stage 1 hypertension
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
140-159/90-99
hypotension

29. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Temporal
+2
lysis

30. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
crackles
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

31. Bend of elbow
hypoxia
Brachial
Relapsing
Hypothermia

32. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Tachypnea
BMR
Biot's respirations
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

33. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
remittent
thready
absent
Radial

34. High oxygen
hyperoxia
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
hypoxemia
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

35. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Diaphoresis
^160/^100
Pulse pressure
Respiration

36. How is pulse best found?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Femoral
+1
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

37. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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38. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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39. Stress & emotions. BP?
Femoral
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
higher
remittent

40. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
remittent
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Relapsing
intermittent

41. How does age affect pulse?
30-80
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

42. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Hypothermia
intermittent
120/80

43. Enviromental temperature BP?
bradycardia
BMR
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
16-20

44. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Evaporation
oximetry

45. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
hypertension
140-159/90-99
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

46. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
120-139/80-89
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
16-20
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

47. Sex BP?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
hyperoxia
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

48. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
60 to 70 mL
orthostatic hypertension
constant

49. Substances tat cause fever
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Rhonchi
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
pyrogens

50. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
hypotension
30-80
Diastolic pressure