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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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2. How does size affect pulse?
BMR
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
60 to 70 mL
lysis

3. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
Dorsalis pedis
raises BP.
Pedal pulse

4. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Hyperventilation
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
hypoxia

5. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
carotid
Hyperventilation
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Apical

6. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Femoral
Hyperventilation
20-30
Axillary.

7. Head injury BP?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
raises BP.
Irregular

8. Top of left foot
fever
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Dorsalis pedis

9. 1st stage of fever is?
16-20
remittent
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

10. Sex BP?
palpate
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Radial
+3

11. How is shock caused?
Diastolic pressure
left Sims position
absent
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

12. How is pulse best found?
60 to 70 mL
Conduction
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

13. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Diaphoresis
Cheyenne-Stokes
Dorsalis pedis
shallow or slow breathing

14. What are the 5 vital signs?
Korotkoff sounds
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Stroke Volume
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

15. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Pulse
hypoxia
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
crackles

16. How should respirations be counted?
Systolic pressure
raises BP.
Stroke volume
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

17. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
+2
Systolic pressure
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

18. 2nd stage of fever is?
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Korotkoff sounds
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

19. Weak and may be irregular
Kussmaul's respiration
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
thready
140-159/90-99

20. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
crackles
Temporal
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

21. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Pulse
Core Temperature
It will also fall
Convection

22. Hearing
Irregular
ausculatation
Feeble
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

23. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
72 bpm

24. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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25. Side of forehead
absent
hypertension
Temporal
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

26. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Temporal
Stroke Volume
120/80
Core Temperature

27. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
16-20
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

28. Measurement of oxygen
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
oximetry
arrhythmia
12-20

29. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
Radial
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
shallow or slow breathing
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

30. Symptoms of hypoxia
Tachypnea
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
constant
Stroke Volume

31. Abrupt decline in fever
Crisis
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
palpate
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

32. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
+1
Pulse pressure
Evaporation
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

33. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Biot's
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
intermittent

34. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
carotid
Evaporation
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

35. Elevated temperature
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
fever
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

36. 3 yr old
20-30
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
hyperoxia
Respiration

37. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
low
palpate
Feeble
popliteal

38. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
absent
Diastolic pressure
Femoral
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

39. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
low BP
pyrogens
^160/^100

40. Adolescent
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
16-20
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

41. How does external respiration occur?
low BP
Diaphoresis
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

42. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
lysis

43. Inside ankle
Temporal
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
hypoxia
Posterior tibial

44. High BP
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Stroke Volume
Eupnea
hypertension

45. Normal body temperature ranges?
stridor
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
constant
97.5 to 99.5

46. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

47. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
+2
Pulse pressure

48. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
Pulse
apnea
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Cardiac Output

49. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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50. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Respiration
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
120/80
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.