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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
16-20
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
bradycardia

2. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
12-20
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Tachypnea

3. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Rhonchi
carotid
Tachypnea
lysis

4. Lobes in the lungs?
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Kussmaul's respiration
thready

5. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

6. How do drugs affect pulse?
72 bpm
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

7. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Respiration
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Hypothermia

8. Stress & emotions. BP?
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
left Sims position
dyspnea
higher

9. Rectal temperature are
low
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Conduction
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

10. People most at risk for hypertension
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
dyspnea

11. Groin area
Femoral
Convection
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

12. What are the 5 vital signs?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
oximetry

13. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
Femoral
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

14. Side of wrist
Diastolic pressure
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Radial

15. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

16. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
97.5 to 99.5
oximeter
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Korotkoff sounds

17. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
pyrogens
oximetry
Posterior tibial

18. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
thready
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
low
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

19. Substances tat cause fever
60 to 70 mL
pyrogens
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
97.5 to 99.5

20. How is shock caused?
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
hypoxia
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
low BP

21. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Tachypnea
low
constant

22. Bend of knee
dyspnea
72 bpm
popliteal
16-20

23. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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24. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
Biot's
bradypnea
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
+2

25. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
carotid
Core Temperature
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

26. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
pyrexia
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
the lungs
orthostatic hypertension

27. Excessive sweat production
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Relapsing
intermittent
Diaphoresis

28. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Convection
120/80
low
Conduction

29. Barely palpable
Conduction
pyrogens
Feeble
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

30. Those at risk for hypothermia include
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Convection
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
low

31. Absence of breathing
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
hypoxia
apnea
lysis

32. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Dorsalis pedis
16-20
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
It will also fall

33. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Tachypnea
palpate
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

34. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
120/70
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
stridor
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

35. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Relapsing
Feeble
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

36. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Pulse pressure
absent
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

37. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
bradypnea
tachycardia
120/80
Diastolic pressure

38. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
96.5 to 97.5
Diaphoresis
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

39. Sex BP?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Temporal
Eupnea

40. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Core Temperature
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

41. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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42. When should rectal temperatures be used?
stridor
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

43. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
higher
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
dyspnea

44. Gradual return to a normal temperature
lysis
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Dorsalis pedis
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

45. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
low BP
Pedal pulse
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

46. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Feeble
Irregular
higher

47. Stage 1 hypertension
140-159/90-99
Dorsalis pedis
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
carotid

48. Prehypertension
bradycardia
120-139/80-89
Stertor
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

49. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
bradypnea
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

50. High BP
BMR
hypertension
Cheyenne-Stokes
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure