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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Pulse
Stertor
bradypnea

2. Healthly adult
Pulse pressure
140-159/90-99
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
12-20

3. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Hypothermia
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

4. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
Stroke volume
lysis
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

5. Stage 1 hypertension
140-159/90-99
Femoral
hypoxemia
Radial

6. Enviromental temperature BP?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
higher
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Eupnea

7. How do drugs affect pulse?
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
bradypnea
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

8. Side of neck
Relapsing
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
carotid

9. 2nd stage of fever is?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Hyperventilation
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

10. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
dyspnea
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

11. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
120-139/80-89
Conduction
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

12. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
constant
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

13. Lobes in the lungs?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Posterior tibial
Biot's
Evaporation

14. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
120/80
Hypothermia
120/70
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

15. 3 yr old
Brachial
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
20-30

16. Symptoms of hypoxia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
shallow or slow breathing

17. Fever above 100.2 F
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Femoral
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
pyrexia

18. Feel
palpate
pyrexia
low BP
hyperoxia

19. How does size affect pulse?
Radial
Diaphoresis
Axillary.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

20. Substances tat cause fever
pyrogens
intermittent
Biot's
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

21. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Biot's respirations
oximetry
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
low

22. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Diaphoresis
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
60 to 70 mL
Core Temperature

23. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

24. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
It will also fall
pyrexia
fever
oximetry

25. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Relapsing
stridor
Stroke volume
absent

26. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
Hyperventilation
shallow or slow breathing
intermittent
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

27. When is apicial pulse used?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
20-30
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Dorsalis pedis

28. Absence of breathing
oximeter
arrhythmia
apnea
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

29. Newborn
higher
absent
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
30-80

30. How does age affect pulse?
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
+1
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

31. Risk for prolonged hypertension
72 bpm
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
apnea
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

32. Groin area
bradycardia
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Respiration
Femoral

33. Stage 2 hypertension
^160/^100
16-20
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
tachycardia

34. High BP
low
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
hypertension

35. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
dyspnea
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Dorsalis pedis
Korotkoff sounds

36. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
dyspnea
Evaporation
pyrexia
orthostatic hypertension

37. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
30-80
BMR
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

38. Sex BP?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Kussmaul's respiration

39. Bend of knee
popliteal
Rhonchi
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
remittent

40. How should baby's temperature be taken?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Axillary.
Diastolic pressure
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

41. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
Pulse pressure
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Biot's
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

42. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Systolic pressure
12-20
apnea

43. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
intermittent
crackles
Diastolic pressure
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

44. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
Axillary.
Diastolic pressure
96.5 to 97.5

45. Axillary temperature are
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

46. Gradual return to a normal temperature
lysis
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Dorsalis pedis
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

47. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
the lungs
Crisis
Posterior tibial

48. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
20-30
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Pedal pulse
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

49. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
120-139/80-89
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
ausculatation
Hypothermia

50. Hearing
ausculatation
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Apical
hypotension