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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
thready
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

2. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Temporal
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Hypothermia
hypoxemia

3. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Irregular
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
120-139/80-89
Cardiac Output

4. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Convection
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Irregular

5. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
Biot's respirations
120/80
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
higher

6. Feel
palpate
hypertension
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

7. Groin area
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Femoral
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

8. Head injury BP?
raises BP.
Stroke volume
popliteal
Pulse

9. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
remittent
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

10. 3rd stage of fever?
hypoxemia
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Hypothermia

11. How is shock caused?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Relapsing
16-20
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

12. Hearing
Apical
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
ausculatation
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

13. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Evaporation
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

14. Average pulse rate for an adult
Brachial
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
72 bpm

15. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Diastolic pressure
Cheyenne-Stokes
Rhonchi
Pedal pulse

16. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
raises BP.
Conduction

17. Side of neck
72 bpm
palpate
carotid
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

18. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
pyrogens
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

19. What are the 5 vital signs?
hypoxemia
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

20. Normal body temperature ranges?
hypotension
pyrexia
Stroke Volume
97.5 to 99.5

21. Adolescent
16-20
97.5 to 99.5
hypoxemia
Posterior tibial

22. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
bradypnea
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

23. High BP
hypertension
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
remittent
left Sims position

24. Stage 1 hypertension
carotid
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Feeble
140-159/90-99

25. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
Systolic pressure
30-80
fever
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

26. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

27. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Respiration
bradycardia
higher

28. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Evaporation
Kussmaul's respiration
Diaphoresis
absent

29. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Diaphoresis
^160/^100
raises BP.

30. BP at or lower 90/60.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
raises BP.
hypotension

31. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
16-20
dyspnea
+1
carotid

32. Elderly respiration
raises BP.
60 to 70 mL
Dorsalis pedis
16-20

33. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
low
hypotension
Rhonchi
Systolic pressure

34. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Cardiac Output
Stroke volume
oximeter

35. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Stroke volume
shallow or slow breathing
Temporal
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

36. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Irregular
Eupnea
wheeze

37. Taking axillary temperature
left Sims position
dyspnea
bradypnea
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

38. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Axillary.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
remittent
the lungs

39. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Crisis
left Sims position
Pulse

40. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Biot's respirations
Tachypnea
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

41. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Feeble
arrhythmia
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
60 to 70 mL

42. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
low BP
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
hypotension
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

43. State of insufficient oxygen
It will also fall
hypoxia
Irregular
carotid

44. Taking a rectal temperature
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
palpate
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

45. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
constant
30-80
Pulse

46. Top of left foot
oximetry
Irregular
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Dorsalis pedis

47. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
raises BP.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
tachycardia

48. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
+2
Pulse
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

49. Heart
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
shallow or slow breathing
Diaphoresis
Apical

50. Gradual return to a normal temperature
+1
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
lysis
apnea