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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Rhonchi
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Pulse pressure

2. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
bradypnea
palpate
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

3. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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4. When should rectal temperatures be used?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Evaporation
20-30

5. How do drugs affect pulse?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Diaphoresis
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

6. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
palpate
Conduction
Evaporation

7. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
60 to 70 mL
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

8. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Core Temperature
Tachypnea
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

9. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
72 bpm
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

10. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Relapsing
fever
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

11. 3 yr old
20-30
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Rhonchi
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

12. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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13. Healthly adult
Cheyenne-Stokes
raises BP.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
12-20

14. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Axillary.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
hypoxia

15. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
dyspnea
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

16. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
Convection
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Temporal
oximeter

17. Those at risk for hypothermia include
97.5 to 99.5
Radial
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

18. Bend of knee
+3
popliteal
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Stertor

19. High oxygen
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
hyperoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

20. Taking a rectal temperature
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
the lungs
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

21. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Diastolic pressure
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

22. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
pyrexia
Posterior tibial
140-159/90-99
intermittent

23. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
BMR
apnea
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Hypothermia

24. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
carotid
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
+1

25. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
hypotension
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

26. Heart
Tachypnea
Apical
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
ausculatation

27. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
hyperoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
palpate

28. How is shock caused?
carotid
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

29. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Relapsing
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Respiration

30. Weak and may be irregular
Dorsalis pedis
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
thready
carotid

31. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Systolic pressure
It will also fall
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

32. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Biot's
Eupnea
Pedal pulse
Korotkoff sounds

33. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Irregular
Pulse
120-139/80-89
20-30

34. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
oximeter
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Kussmaul's respiration
Respiration

35. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
Convection
Apical
Evaporation
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

36. Groin area
BMR
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Femoral

37. Gradual return to a normal temperature
ausculatation
60 to 70 mL
Brachial
lysis

38. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
oximeter
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Cardiac Output

39. Absence of breathing
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
oximeter
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
apnea

40. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
low
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

41. How should respirations be counted?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

42. People most at risk for hypertension
orthostatic hypertension
fever
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

43. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
ausculatation
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

44. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Korotkoff sounds
tachycardia
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
hypoxemia

45. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Femoral
Axillary.
Relapsing

46. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Dorsalis pedis

47. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Cheyenne-Stokes
Conduction
constant

48. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
60 to 70 mL
bradypnea
Stertor
dyspnea

49. High BP
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
hypertension
pyrexia
Stroke Volume

50. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
arrhythmia
oximeter
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
low