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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
^160/^100
Diastolic pressure
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

2. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
wheeze
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

3. Symptoms of hypoxia
the lungs
+2
constant
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

4. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
Biot's
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
tachycardia

5. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
It will also fall
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
+2

6. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Cardiac Output
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

7. How does age affect pulse?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Apical
low

8. Adolescent
16-20
absent
hypoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

9. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
hypoxia
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Femoral

10. 1st stage of fever is?
120/70
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
dyspnea
Pulse

11. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
bradycardia
shallow or slow breathing

12. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
apnea
Pulse pressure
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

13. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Evaporation
Convection
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
hypertension

14. An example of a nursing diagnoses
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
intermittent

15. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
crackles
20-30
shallow or slow breathing
+1

16. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Brachial
Systolic pressure
Convection
left Sims position

17. When should rectal temperatures be used?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
constant

18. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
It will also fall

19. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Posterior tibial
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Axillary.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

20. How should baby's temperature be taken?
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
the lungs
Axillary.

21. State of insufficient oxygen
Stertor
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
raises BP.
hypoxia

22. Groin area
orthostatic hypertension
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Femoral

23. Side of neck
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Pulse
carotid
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

24. Substances tat cause fever
tachycardia
pyrogens
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
wheeze

25. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Korotkoff sounds
97.5 to 99.5
Cheyenne-Stokes
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

26. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
shallow or slow breathing
Temporal
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

27. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
absent
+1
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Posterior tibial

28. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
oximeter

29. Weak and may be irregular
Crisis
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Hyperventilation
thready

30. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Cheyenne-Stokes
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Rhonchi
raises BP.

31. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
oximetry
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
dyspnea

32. Bend of knee
ausculatation
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
popliteal
Korotkoff sounds

33. When is apicial pulse used?
oximeter
higher
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

34. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Hyperventilation
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Radial

35. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
ausculatation
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
palpate
thready

36. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
Stertor
BMR
low
120-139/80-89

37. Elevated temperature
+1
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Diastolic pressure
fever

38. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Brachial
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Pedal pulse
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

39. What are the 5 vital signs?
Stroke volume
oximeter
ausculatation
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

40. Feel
Conduction
wheeze
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
palpate

41. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
140-159/90-99
72 bpm
pyrexia

42. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Crisis
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Irregular
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

43. Gradual return to a normal temperature
lysis
It will also fall
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

44. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
oximetry
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

45. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
apnea
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

46. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Diastolic pressure
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
arrhythmia
20-30

47. Enviromental temperature BP?
tachycardia
Stroke Volume
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
hypotension

48. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Crisis
fever
tachycardia
Eupnea

49. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
tachycardia
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
BMR

50. Excessive sweat production
20-30
Diaphoresis
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.