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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Measurement of oxygen
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
oximetry
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

2. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
raises BP.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Evaporation

3. Taking axillary temperature
low
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
Feeble

4. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
BMR
crackles
Posterior tibial

5. Diurnal variation BP?
Systolic pressure
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
low
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

6. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
low
bradycardia
Femoral
+3

7. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
16-20
bradypnea
hypertension
palpate

8. Hearing
+1
the lungs
ausculatation
hypoxemia

9. Newborn
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
30-80

10. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
stridor
Axillary.
tachycardia
+1

11. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
the lungs
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
low BP

12. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
Biot's
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

13. State of insufficient oxygen
Relapsing
hypoxia
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
stridor

14. How do you measure the apical pulse?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
popliteal
Korotkoff sounds

15. Taking a rectal temperature
It will also fall
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Pedal pulse
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

16. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
20-30
low BP
16-20
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

17. How is shock caused?
Posterior tibial
Cheyenne-Stokes
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

18. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
shallow or slow breathing
Diaphoresis
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
left Sims position

19. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
left Sims position
palpate

20. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Respiration
16-20
wheeze

21. How does age affect pulse?
wheeze
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Pulse pressure
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

22. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
thready
16-20
Posterior tibial

23. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Relapsing
low BP
Radial

24. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Kussmaul's respiration
left Sims position
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

25. Substances tat cause fever
pyrogens
Diastolic pressure
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
arrhythmia

26. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Brachial
crackles
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

27. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
raises BP.
left Sims position
oximeter

28. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Hyperventilation
oximeter
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

29. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
16-20
Korotkoff sounds
Pulse pressure
Diastolic pressure

30. Top of left foot
Dorsalis pedis
Diaphoresis
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
dyspnea

31. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
orthostatic hypertension
wheeze
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
BMR

32. How should respirations be counted?
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
96.5 to 97.5
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
+3

33. Low oxygen
hypoxia
absent
left Sims position
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

34. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
Biot's
Dorsalis pedis
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

35. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
60 to 70 mL
Temporal
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

36. Rectal temperature are
+2
96.5 to 97.5
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

37. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
low BP
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
oximeter

38. Head injury BP?
left Sims position
raises BP.
pyrexia
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

39. High BP
hypertension
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Respiration
30-80

40. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
pyrogens
Rhonchi
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

41. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
intermittent
the lungs
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

42. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
remittent
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

43. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
Korotkoff sounds
apnea
BMR
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

44. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Relapsing
Tachypnea
+1

45. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Korotkoff sounds
Hyperventilation
Diaphoresis
Irregular

46. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
Tachypnea
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
120/80
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

47. Gradual return to a normal temperature
lysis
Radial
left Sims position
raises BP.

48. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
low BP
Kussmaul's respiration
Systolic pressure

49. Side of neck
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
carotid
absent
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

50. Prehypertension
oximetry
120-139/80-89
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.