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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
orthostatic hypertension
+3
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

2. Elevated temperature
wheeze
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
fever
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

3. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
Diaphoresis
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

4. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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5. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Diaphoresis
tachycardia
hypoxemia
the lungs

6. High BP
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
hypertension
wheeze
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

7. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
oximetry
It will also fall
Stroke volume
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.

8. Low oxygen
hypoxia
97.5 to 99.5
Convection
Brachial

9. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
hypotension
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Pulse

10. Excessive sweat production
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
the lungs
Relapsing
Diaphoresis

11. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
Relapsing
16-20
97.5 to 99.5
+1

12. Stage 1 hypertension
+3
140-159/90-99
+2
hyperoxia

13. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
palpate
+2
oximeter
Feeble

14. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Relapsing
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Korotkoff sounds

15. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Conduction
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
60 to 70 mL
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

16. Bend of knee
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Temporal
popliteal
intermittent

17. Prehypertension
120-139/80-89
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Posterior tibial
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

18. State of insufficient oxygen
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
pyrexia
+2
hypoxia

19. Stage 2 hypertension
30-80
Pedal pulse
^160/^100
Relapsing

20. How does age affect pulse?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
lysis
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Dorsalis pedis

21. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
constant
hypoxemia
Diastolic pressure
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

22. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
12-20
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Dorsalis pedis

23. Gradual return to a normal temperature
hypertension
12-20
Axillary.
lysis

24. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Irregular
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

25. Sex BP?
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
30-80
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

26. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Apical
Conduction
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

27. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
16-20
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Cheyenne-Stokes

28. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Diastolic pressure
bradycardia
the lungs

29. When is apicial pulse used?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
absent
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
oximeter

30. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
palpate
shallow or slow breathing
ausculatation

31. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
16-20
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
16-20

32. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Pulse pressure
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

33. Heart
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Apical

34. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Axillary.
Feeble
Hyperventilation
Pulse pressure

35. People most at risk for hypertension
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Tachypnea

36. Top of left foot
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Dorsalis pedis
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

37. The average temperature in the older adult
higher
20-30
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
96.5 to 97.5

38. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
orthostatic hypertension
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Hypothermia

39. Signs and symptoms of shock
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

40. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Systolic pressure
hypotension
Cheyenne-Stokes
pyrexia

41. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
97.5 to 99.5
Kussmaul's respiration
lysis
bradypnea

42. Measurement of oxygen
hypertension
orthostatic hypertension
oximetry
Apical

43. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
Core Temperature
bradycardia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Pedal pulse

44. BP at or lower 90/60.
Respiration
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
hypotension
+2

45. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Cheyenne-Stokes
hypoxia
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

46. How do drugs affect pulse?
Temporal
wheeze
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

47. Inside ankle
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
16-20
Posterior tibial
hyperoxia

48. Elderly respiration
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
16-20
left Sims position

49. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
hypoxia
Diaphoresis
crackles
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

50. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
low
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

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Measuring Vital Signs

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