Test your basic knowledge |

Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Pedal pulse
Respiration
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

2. Absence of breathing
Hypothermia
apnea
12-20
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

3. 3rd stage of fever?
+1
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

4. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
arrhythmia

5. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
arrhythmia
constant
BMR

6. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Eupnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
apnea
30-80

7. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Pedal pulse
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

8. Heart
tachycardia
carotid
Apical
60 to 70 mL

9. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
hypotension
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
left Sims position

10. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
higher
Evaporation
hypoxemia

11. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

12. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Apical
140-159/90-99
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
the lungs

13. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
lysis
Hypothermia
Kussmaul's respiration

14. Healthly adult
12-20
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

15. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
bradycardia
Rhonchi
Axillary.

16. Sex BP?
Stroke Volume
16-20
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Cheyenne-Stokes

17. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
hypotension
constant
hypoxia
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

18. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Cardiac Output
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

19. People most at risk for hypertension
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Biot's respirations

20. Enviromental temperature BP?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
hypoxemia

21. 2nd stage of fever is?
Posterior tibial
orthostatic hypertension
20-30
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

22. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Conduction
thready

23. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Cheyenne-Stokes
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

24. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
+1
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
16-20
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

25. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
intermittent
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

26. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
hypoxemia
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Crisis
Irregular

27. Inside ankle
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
carotid
Biot's respirations
Posterior tibial

28. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
hypoxemia
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

29. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
crackles
+2
Systolic pressure
Tachypnea

30. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
bradycardia
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Rhonchi
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

31. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Kussmaul's respiration
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Eupnea
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

32. Rectal temperature are
stridor
Diaphoresis
bradycardia
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

33. Gradual return to a normal temperature
lysis
Cheyenne-Stokes
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Crisis

34. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
hypertension
Relapsing
BMR
Kussmaul's respiration

35. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Conduction
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

36. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
+3
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

37. Measurement of oxygen
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
oximetry
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

38. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Convection
Korotkoff sounds
Systolic pressure
It will also fall

39. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Stroke Volume
Eupnea
Hyperventilation
Evaporation

40. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
12-20
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

41. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
+3
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

42. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
hyperoxia
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Tachypnea
constant

43. Side of wrist
Radial
orthostatic hypertension
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
hyperoxia

44. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
hypotension
16-20
97.5 to 99.5
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

45. What are the 5 vital signs?
Korotkoff sounds
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
120/80

46. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
Cheyenne-Stokes
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
apnea
tachycardia

47. Hearing
120/70
ausculatation
oximeter
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

48. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

49. Bend of knee
96.5 to 97.5
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
popliteal
Radial

50. Bend of elbow
left Sims position
16-20
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Brachial