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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
30-80
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

2. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
Femoral
bradypnea
shallow or slow breathing
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

3. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
+1
stridor
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

4. Average blood pressure should be
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
intermittent
Femoral
120/70

5. Inside ankle
It will also fall
carotid
Posterior tibial
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

6. Gradual return to a normal temperature
intermittent
low BP
Stroke Volume
lysis

7. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
20-30
arrhythmia
120/70
constant

8. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
Eupnea
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
hypoxemia
palpate

9. Average pulse rate for an adult
72 bpm
ausculatation
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Rhonchi

10. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
120-139/80-89
Relapsing
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

11. State of insufficient oxygen
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
hypoxia
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

12. Excessive sweat production
Diaphoresis
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
120/70
Temporal

13. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
^160/^100
Cheyenne-Stokes
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

14. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Korotkoff sounds
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
It will also fall
lysis

15. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Stertor
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

16. Substances tat cause fever
pyrogens
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

17. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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18. Axillary temperature are
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
crackles
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Temporal

19. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

20. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Diastolic pressure
Stroke Volume
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
120/80

21. Diurnal variation BP?
crackles
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
popliteal
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

22. Side of forehead
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Rhonchi
Temporal
Stertor

23. Fever above 100.2 F
pyrexia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
lysis
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

24. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
stridor
Dorsalis pedis
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Cardiac Output

25. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
oximeter
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
pyrexia
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

26. High oxygen
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
hyperoxia
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

27. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Systolic pressure
raises BP.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Conduction

28. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
bradypnea
Apical
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

29. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
140-159/90-99
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Dorsalis pedis

30. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Kussmaul's respiration
60 to 70 mL
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

31. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
hypoxia
left Sims position
Femoral
dyspnea

32. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
bradycardia
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
raises BP.

33. 2nd stage of fever is?
hypoxemia
Feeble
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

34. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
Pulse pressure
crackles
hyperoxia
stridor

35. Heat is lost from the body by evaporation. resulting in a daily loss of 800mL of water from skin and lungs.
Cheyenne-Stokes
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Evaporation
crackles

36. Sex BP?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
hypoxemia

37. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
the lungs
Dorsalis pedis
constant
Hyperventilation

38. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Stroke volume
120/70
Irregular
Conduction

39. Symptoms of hypoxia
raises BP.
popliteal
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
+2

40. Abrupt decline in fever
96.5 to 97.5
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Crisis

41. People most at risk for hypertension
apnea
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Rhonchi

42. Risk for prolonged hypertension
60 to 70 mL
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

43. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Stroke volume
60 to 70 mL

44. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Systolic pressure
BMR
oximeter

45. Adolescent
16-20
orthostatic hypertension
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

46. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
BMR
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Pulse pressure
tachycardia

47. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Pedal pulse
dyspnea
pyrogens

48. Those at risk for hypothermia include
97.5 to 99.5
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Irregular

49. How do you measure the apical pulse?
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Evaporation
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

50. How does age affect pulse?
It will also fall
Irregular
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.