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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Newborn
oximeter
120/70
30-80
ausculatation

2. Head injury BP?
Radial
raises BP.
orthostatic hypertension
low BP

3. Fast - deep respirations with abrupt pauses

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4. Barely palpable
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Feeble
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

5. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Pedal pulse
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

6. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
hypoxemia
hypotension
Convection

7. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Convection
96.5 to 97.5
the lungs
thready

8. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Rhonchi
wheeze
BMR

9. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
carotid
Tachypnea
bradypnea
hypotension

10. Rectal temperature are
16-20
Diaphoresis
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

11. What are the 5 vital signs?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

12. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Pedal pulse
Biot's respirations

13. Feel
palpate
remittent
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

14. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
Cheyenne-Stokes
stridor
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

15. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
shallow or slow breathing

16. High BP
hypertension
bradycardia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
left Sims position

17. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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18. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
oximeter
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

19. Adolescent
16-20
absent
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

20. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
+2
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

21. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
lysis
tachycardia
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Stertor

22. Elderly respiration
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Relapsing
16-20
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

23. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
shallow or slow breathing
hyperoxia

24. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
palpate
low BP
apnea

25. Signs and symptoms of shock
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
120-139/80-89
popliteal
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

26. High oxygen
Stroke Volume
stridor
BMR
hyperoxia

27. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
hypertension
^160/^100
thready
arrhythmia

28. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
oximetry
96.5 to 97.5
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

29. Normal body temperature ranges?
fever
97.5 to 99.5
Hyperventilation
Biot's

30. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Pulse pressure
Crisis

31. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
120-139/80-89
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
low
97.5 to 99.5

32. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
120/80

33. This affects the character of the pulse.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Kussmaul's respiration
palpate
Stroke Volume

34. Axillary temperature are
Stertor
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
crackles

35. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
orthostatic hypertension
crackles
Biot's

36. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Cardiac Output
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

37. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
120/80
Diaphoresis
hypoxemia
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

38. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

39. People most at risk for hypertension
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
dyspnea
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

40. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
wheeze
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Cardiac Output

41. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Pedal pulse
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
16-20
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

42. How does size affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
apnea
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Tachypnea

43. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Apical
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Brachial

44. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Stroke volume
+2
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

45. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
140-159/90-99

46. Bend of elbow
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Brachial
apnea
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

47. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
hypoxemia
Rhonchi
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

48. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

49. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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50. Gradual return to a normal temperature
fever
Stroke volume
lysis
120-139/80-89