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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Side of forehead
Brachial
left Sims position
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Temporal

2. Feel
palpate
Pulse
pyrogens
97.5 to 99.5

3. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
left Sims position
ausculatation

4. Head injury BP?
raises BP.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
bradypnea
Biot's

5. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Conduction
Pedal pulse
97.5 to 99.5

6. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
60 to 70 mL

7. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
stridor
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Radial
Core Temperature

8. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
intermittent
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
20-30
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

9. Groin area
shallow or slow breathing
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Femoral
Stroke volume

10. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

11. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Eupnea
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

12. Axillary temperature are
140-159/90-99
oximeter
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Pedal pulse

13. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Systolic pressure
30-80
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

14. Top of left foot
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Temporal
Dorsalis pedis

15. Weak and may be irregular
Biot's
thready
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
apnea

16. An example of nursing planning
Convection
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem

17. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
thready
96.5 to 97.5
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
hypoxemia

18. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
dyspnea
Systolic pressure
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

19. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
dyspnea
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

20. Measurement of oxygen
Cheyenne-Stokes
Pedal pulse
Temporal
oximetry

21. Inside ankle
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Posterior tibial
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

22. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
97.5 to 99.5
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

23. How does external respiration occur?
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
96.5 to 97.5
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

24. 3rd stage of fever?
palpate
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

25. When should rectal temperatures be used?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
^160/^100
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

26. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
+2
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Biot's respirations
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

27. Absence of breathing
apnea
Posterior tibial
Core Temperature
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.

28. Those at risk for hypothermia include
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

29. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
the lungs
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
+3
Axillary.

30. When is apicial pulse used?
Cardiac Output
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
palpate
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

31. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
raises BP.
Pedal pulse

32. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
palpate
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Radial

33. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

34. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Rhonchi
absent
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Stroke volume

35. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Respiration
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

36. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Evaporation
wheeze
Eupnea

37. Newborn
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
30-80
absent

38. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

39. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
thready
hypotension
arrhythmia
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia

40. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
Irregular
Apical
dyspnea
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

41. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
low BP
120/80
oximeter
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

42. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
hypertension
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
raises BP.
left Sims position

43. Abrupt decline in fever
oximeter
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
Crisis

44. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Cardiac Output
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

45. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

46. How do you measure the apical pulse?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
shallow or slow breathing
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
120/80

47. Substances tat cause fever
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
thready
pyrogens

48. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
low
crackles
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
12-20

49. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Pulse pressure
Relapsing

50. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
absent
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Diastolic pressure