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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Normal body temperature ranges?
97.5 to 99.5
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Convection
120/70

2. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Relapsing
constant

3. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
72 bpm
It will also fall
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
+1

4. Heart
Apical
dyspnea
60 to 70 mL
97.5 to 99.5

5. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Respiration
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

6. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Eupnea
Korotkoff sounds
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

7. Barely palpable
Systolic pressure
Eupnea
Feeble
BMR

8. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
30-80
hypoxia

9. An example of nursing planning
60 to 70 mL
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Feeble
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

10. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Cardiac Output
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Korotkoff sounds
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

11. 3 yr old
97.5 to 99.5
bradycardia
20-30
fever

12. How does external respiration occur?
12-20
Diaphoresis
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

13. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
left Sims position
Hyperventilation

14. This affects the character of the pulse.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Stroke Volume
crackles

15. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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16. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Respiration
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
crackles

17. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
BMR
carotid
higher
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels

18. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
hypertension
Convection
Korotkoff sounds
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

19. How is shock caused?
Apical
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
low
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

20. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Irregular
Stroke volume
Biot's respirations
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

21. 1st stage of fever is?
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Feeble
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

22. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
bradycardia
hypoxemia
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
20-30

23. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Core Temperature
Brachial
raises BP.

24. Healthly adult
60 to 70 mL
12-20
raises BP.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs

25. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
constant
intermittent
Stertor
absent

26. Signs and symptoms of shock
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Convection
97.5 to 99.5
120/70

27. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
shallow or slow breathing
60 to 70 mL

28. Lobes in the lungs?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Core Temperature
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

29. Inside ankle
72 bpm
Posterior tibial
Dorsalis pedis
120/70

30. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Systolic pressure
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

31. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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32. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
120/80
+3
hypoxia
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

33. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Cardiac Output
+1
Crisis

34. Symptoms of hypoxia
remittent
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
fever
lysis

35. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
Irregular
Systolic pressure
bradypnea
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

36. Top of left foot
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Dorsalis pedis
16-20

37. How does age affect pulse?
oximeter
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
low BP
hypoxemia

38. Newborn
BMR
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
30-80
+3

39. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Conduction
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

40. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Korotkoff sounds
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
the lungs
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

41. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
140-159/90-99
Systolic pressure

42. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
the lungs
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

43. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Respiration
Axillary.
dyspnea
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

44. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
hypoxia
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

45. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Stroke volume
fever
Pulse

46. Taking a rectal temperature
Pulse pressure
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
orthostatic hypertension

47. Taking axillary temperature
shallow or slow breathing
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
60 to 70 mL

48. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
palpate
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
oximeter

49. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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50. BP at or lower 90/60.
hypotension
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.