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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Temporal
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Biot's respirations
thready

2. How should respirations be counted?
96.5 to 97.5
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

3. Side of neck
thready
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
carotid
Cardiac Output

4. How is shock caused?
absent
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
hypoxemia
fever

5. Bend of knee
popliteal
120/70
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Diastolic pressure

6. Substances tat cause fever
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
oximetry
pyrogens
popliteal

7. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Kussmaul's respiration
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Posterior tibial
Stroke Volume

8. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
+2
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
raises BP.
Pulse pressure

9. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
wheeze

10. Gradual return to a normal temperature
60 to 70 mL
lysis
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

11. Stage 2 hypertension
120/80
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
^160/^100
thready

12. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
oximeter
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

13. Those at risk for hypothermia include
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Kussmaul's respiration
^160/^100
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.

14. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
thready
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
absent
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

15. BP at or lower 90/60.
hypotension
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
^160/^100
fever

16. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
Respiration
the lungs
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
shallow or slow breathing

17. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
+2
Biot's respirations

18. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Crisis
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
the lungs
Brachial

19. Heart
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
ausculatation
Apical

20. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
bradycardia
Biot's respirations

21. Adolescent
16-20
Feeble
Femoral
Posterior tibial

22. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
intermittent
pyrexia
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
raises BP.

23. Groin area
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Femoral
Convection
Axillary.

24. The average temperature in the older adult
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
crackles
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
96.5 to 97.5

25. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
crackles
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
hypoxemia
60 to 70 mL

26. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
popliteal
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Korotkoff sounds

27. Sex BP?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
30-80
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

28. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Irregular
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
low
Pulse pressure

29. Irregular pulse - a period of normal rhythm broken by periods of irregularity or skipped beats.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
arrhythmia
Tachypnea

30. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Systolic pressure
12-20

31. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

32. When should rectal temperatures be used?
low
Dorsalis pedis
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

33. What are the 5 vital signs?
16-20
hypotension
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
hyperoxia

34. 2nd stage of fever is?
Hypothermia
Conduction
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Systolic pressure

35. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
the lungs
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

36. Measurement of oxygen
oximetry
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Tachypnea

37. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
hyperoxia
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Systolic pressure
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

38. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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39. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Apical
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Rhonchi

40. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
120/70
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
left Sims position
+1

41. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
120/80
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Conduction
Hypothermia

42. Symptoms of hypoxia
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Apical
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

43. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
140-159/90-99
lysis
hyperoxia
Convection

44. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Korotkoff sounds
Biot's respirations
Systolic pressure
Hyperventilation

45. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
left Sims position
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

46. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Biot's
Relapsing
arrhythmia
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

47. Rectal temperature are
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Diastolic pressure
Tachypnea
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.

48. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

49. How does age affect pulse?
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Evaporation
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
wheeze

50. Subnormal body temperature the regulating center in the hypothalamus is greatly impaired when the temperature of the body falls below 94 degrees - at that point? sleepiness and coma are apt to develop.
30-80
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Apical
Hypothermia