Test your basic knowledge |

Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Eupnea
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Cardiac Output

2. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
pyrogens
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Brachial

3. respirations become faster and deeper - then slower and shallower wit a period of apnea - called the death rattle.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Cheyenne-Stokes
Hyperventilation

4. 2nd stage of fever is?
hypotension
Temporal
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

5. Healthly adult
12-20
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

6. Signs and symptoms of shock
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
remittent
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat

7. Groin area
Femoral
Pedal pulse
Evaporation
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

8. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
Rhonchi
+2
72 bpm
Stroke volume

9. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Irregular
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
120/80

10. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Convection
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

11. Hearing
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
ausculatation
^160/^100

12. State of insufficient oxygen
intermittent
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
hypoxia
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

13. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
120/70
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

14. How is pulse best found?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Apical
30-80
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

15. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Feeble
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

16. Sex BP?
BMR
Stroke Volume
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Pedal pulse

17. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Brachial
Eupnea
Pulse
Crisis

18. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
low BP
absent

19. When should rectal temperatures be used?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Crisis
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

20. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
pyrogens
oximeter
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

21. Those at risk for hypothermia include
dyspnea
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Core Temperature
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

22. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
orthostatic hypertension
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

23. Stress & emotions. BP?
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
hypoxia
pyrexia
higher

24. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
+1
Core Temperature

25. 1st stage of fever is?
hypoxia
Hyperventilation
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Rhonchi

26. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
Axillary.
hypoxemia

27. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
16-20
low
Stroke Volume
Apical

28. Inside ankle
Crisis
Cardiac Output
Posterior tibial
Feeble

29. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
tachycardia
shallow or slow breathing
120/80

30. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
oximeter
Apical
+2
shallow or slow breathing

31. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Stroke volume
Apical

32. How should respirations be counted?
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hyperoxia

33. Top of left foot
Dorsalis pedis
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
hypoxia
raises BP.

34. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
Rhonchi
Irregular
16-20
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

35. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
16-20
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
72 bpm
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

36. Bend of knee
popliteal
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
the lungs
remittent

37. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
wheeze
16-20
fever

38. Lobes in the lungs?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
120-139/80-89
97.5 to 99.5
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

39. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
oximetry
Conduction
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
oximeter

40. Feel
lysis
palpate
Crisis
Brachial

41. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
remittent
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
120/80

42. Side of wrist
Radial
left Sims position
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
16-20

43. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
absent
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

44. Stage 2 hypertension
pyrexia
left Sims position
^160/^100
97.5 to 99.5

45. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
hyperoxia
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
low BP
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

46. Average pulse rate for an adult
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
72 bpm
bradycardia
140-159/90-99

47. An example of nursing planning
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
popliteal

48. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
oximeter
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
bradypnea
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

49. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
140-159/90-99

50. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
bradypnea
Temporal
bradycardia
Brachial