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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
120-139/80-89
ausculatation

2. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Apical
constant

3. An example of nursing planning
remittent
palpate
hypoxia
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

4. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
hypoxia
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
intermittent

5. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
72 bpm
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
16-20
absent

6. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Hyperventilation
Irregular
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Tachypnea

7. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
Respiration
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
oximetry
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

8. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
Cheyenne-Stokes
Relapsing
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

9. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Pulse
low BP
tachycardia

10. Taking a rectal temperature
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Convection
Pulse pressure

11. Lobes in the lungs?
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
20-30
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

12. Fever above 100.2 F
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
pyrexia

13. How do drugs affect pulse?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

14. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
carotid
Brachial
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
+2

15. Elderly respiration
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
crackles
16-20

16. Adolescent
16-20
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
shallow or slow breathing
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

17. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
absent
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Brachial

18. 2nd stage of fever is?
Dorsalis pedis
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
60 to 70 mL
bradycardia

19. Stage 1 hypertension
140-159/90-99
Conduction
Feeble
orthostatic hypertension

20. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
higher
Conduction
Tachypnea
Diastolic pressure

21. Weak and may be irregular
oximeter
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
thready
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

22. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
apnea
Rhonchi
intermittent
30-80

23. Prehypertension
60 to 70 mL
120-139/80-89
Respiration
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

24. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Axillary.
120/70
16-20

25. The volume of blood pushed into the aorta per heartbeat.
hypotension
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Stroke volume
stridor

26. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Cardiac Output
Crisis
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

27. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
palpate
120/70
Respiration
crackles

28. A high temperature falls - usually in the morning - and again rises later in the day. The temperature never fails to normal in this type of fever until recovery occurs.
popliteal
ausculatation
remittent
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

29. Average pulse rate for an adult
wheeze
Hyperventilation
60 to 70 mL
72 bpm

30. Side of neck
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
carotid
Hypothermia
Brachial

31. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
lysis
12-20
Hyperventilation
Diastolic pressure

32. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
60 to 70 mL
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
hypoxemia
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

33. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
97.5 to 99.5
Stroke Volume
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Radial

34. Abrupt decline in fever
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
hypoxemia
Crisis
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

35. The average temperature in the older adult
Korotkoff sounds
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
higher
96.5 to 97.5

36. Stage 2 hypertension
palpate
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
^160/^100

37. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Relapsing
Rhonchi
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

38. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
Brachial
Relapsing
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

39. State of insufficient oxygen
Hyperventilation
hypoxia
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Rhonchi

40. People most at risk for hypertension
hypoxia
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

41. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
dyspnea
Tachypnea
Pedal pulse
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

42. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
Diaphoresis
lysis
crackles
Axillary.

43. Absence of breathing
hypoxemia
apnea
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Femoral

44. How is pulse best found?
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Pulse
arrhythmia

45. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
Core Temperature
Pedal pulse
pyrexia
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

46. How do you measure the apical pulse?
intermittent
Kussmaul's respiration
bradycardia
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

47. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
16-20
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

48. Normal body temperature ranges?
Radial
97.5 to 99.5
Apical
Cardiac Output

49. Newborn
30-80
It will also fall
tachycardia
Pulse

50. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
stridor
remittent
12-20
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.