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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
120/70
intermittent
Tachypnea
Femoral

2. Low oxygen
Pulse pressure
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
hypoxia

3. Elderly respiration
oximetry
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
16-20

4. Barely palpable
Feeble
120/80
Relapsing
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

5. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
Axillary.
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
hypoxia
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

6. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Convection
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Evaporation

7. Fever above 100.2 F
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
pyrexia
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
+2

8. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Pulse pressure
pyrogens
60 to 70 mL

9. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
fever
Posterior tibial

10. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Diastolic pressure
hypotension
Korotkoff sounds

11. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Posterior tibial
Feeble
Respiration
remittent

12. Normal body temperature ranges?
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
97.5 to 99.5
oximetry

13. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
oximeter
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
bradypnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

14. BP at or lower 90/60.
hypotension
Pulse pressure
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

15. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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16. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
Dorsalis pedis
the lungs
Convection
60 to 70 mL

17. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

18. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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19. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
hypoxia
Tachypnea

20. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
Pulse pressure
It will also fall

21. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
bradycardia
Cardiac Output
low

22. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
Feeble
tachycardia
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Irregular

23. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Pedal pulse
hypertension
hyperoxia

24. Heart
Rhonchi
Apical
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
Biot's

25. This affects the character of the pulse.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Crisis
Stroke Volume

26. Both strong and weak beats occur within 1 minute
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Irregular
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling

27. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
60 to 70 mL
Cardiac Output
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
hypoxemia

28. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

29. Does the respiration rate increase or decrease during fever?
Rhonchi
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
constant

30. How does external respiration occur?
Hyperventilation
thready
hyperoxia
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

31. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Brachial
Respiration
Feeble

32. Average pulse rate for an adult
120/70
Cheyenne-Stokes
20-30
72 bpm

33. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
Convection
Systolic pressure
carotid
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl

34. Signs and symptoms of shock
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Posterior tibial
shallow or slow breathing
Diastolic pressure

35. Axillary temperature are
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
12-20
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Korotkoff sounds

36. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
popliteal
dyspnea
Diaphoresis
Apical

37. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Convection
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Diastolic pressure
Diaphoresis

38. How cardiac contractions are normally initiated by the electrical impules emerging from what?
hypotension
crackles
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

39. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Cheyenne-Stokes
Pulse
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
ausculatation

40. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
absent
Eupnea
Temporal
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

41. The average temperature in the older adult
carotid
Irregular
96.5 to 97.5
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

42. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
absent
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
96.5 to 97.5

43. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
hypoxia
Conduction
Cheyenne-Stokes
wheeze

44. Gradual return to a normal temperature
Radial
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
lysis
tachycardia

45. Absence of breathing
hypertension
16-20
apnea
Core Temperature

46. An example of nursing planning
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
the lungs
wheeze
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

47. Substances tat cause fever
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
stridor
pyrogens
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

48. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
crackles
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
left Sims position
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

49. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
absent
Stertor
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

50. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Eupnea
96.5 to 97.5
hypoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling