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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
Diastolic pressure
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
hypoxemia

2. 2nd stage of fever is?
Systolic pressure
the lungs
Diastolic pressure
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

3. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
constant

4. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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5. Healthly adult
shallow or slow breathing
12-20
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Stertor

6. The average temperature in the older adult
lysis
Tachypnea
oximeter
96.5 to 97.5

7. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Pulse
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Korotkoff sounds

8. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Cardiac Output
BMR
120/70
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

9. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
+1
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
palpate

10. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Biot's respirations
Hyperventilation
hypoxia
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

11. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
Core Temperature
^160/^100
orthostatic hypertension

12. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
72 bpm
fever
Feeble

13. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
72 bpm
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
ausculatation

14. 1st stage of fever is?
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
+3

15. How does age affect pulse?
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
tachycardia
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

16. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Diaphoresis
absent
intermittent
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

17. Crowing sound on inspiration caused by obstruction of the upper air passages - as occurs in croup or laryngitis
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
stridor
hyperoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

18. This affects the character of the pulse.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
tachycardia
thready
Stroke Volume

19. How does the time of day (circadian rhythm) affect the body's temperature?

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20. Sex BP?
Pulse pressure
remittent
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
constant

21. When should rectal temperatures be used?
popliteal
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
30-80
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

22. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
hypoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Pulse
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

23. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Diastolic pressure
+2
hypoxia

24. Inside ankle
Posterior tibial
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Axillary.
^160/^100

25. Substances tat cause fever
low
Relapsing
pyrogens
palpate

26. Korotkoff sounds Ausculatatory gap:
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Pedal pulse
low BP
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

27. Heart
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Apical
lysis

28. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Relapsing
Respiration
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

29. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
Hyperventilation
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients

30. Symptoms of hypoxia
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
pyrogens
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

31. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Pulse pressure
It will also fall
Axillary.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

32. High oxygen
Biot's
hyperoxia
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.

33. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
hypertension
low BP
wheeze
96.5 to 97.5

34. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
It will also fall
120/70
hypoxemia
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b

35. Bend of elbow
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Brachial
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
hypotension

36. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
bradypnea
Korotkoff sounds
left Sims position
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

37. Prehypertension
ausculatation
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
120-139/80-89
Axillary.

38. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Crisis
Pulse pressure
60 to 70 mL

39. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
120/70
oximetry

40. People most at risk for hypertension
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
hypertension
left Sims position

41. BP at or lower 90/60.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Korotkoff sounds
hypotension
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

42. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
Core Temperature
Hypothermia
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

43. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
Convection
shallow or slow breathing
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons

44. State of insufficient oxygen
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Hypothermia
BMR
hypoxia

45. Signs and symptoms of shock
Axillary.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.
Cardiac Output

46. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
oximeter
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
hypotension
the lungs

47. 3 yr old
20-30
bradypnea
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

48. Diurnal variation BP?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Biot's
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

49. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
carotid
dyspnea
Diaphoresis
left Sims position

50. What are the 5 vital signs?
bradycardia
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
120/70
Posterior tibial