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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Heart
left Sims position
Apical
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

2. Groin area
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Femoral
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.

3. Pulse above 100 beats per minute
raises BP.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
tachycardia
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

4. The temperature falls to normal and then rises again in a repeating pattern.
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
Relapsing
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
remittent

5. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
16-20
low BP
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

6. Inside ankle
Respiration
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Conduction
Posterior tibial

7. Stress & emotions. BP?
96.5 to 97.5
higher
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

8. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
It will also fall
constant
Systolic pressure
Rhonchi

9. Stage 2 hypertension
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
^160/^100
+3
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

10. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
left Sims position
Korotkoff sounds
Rhonchi
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

11. Diurnal variation BP?
16-20
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
remittent
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

12. Barely palpable
hypotension
Feeble
Kussmaul's respiration
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

13. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
Core Temperature
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
left Sims position

14. High BP
low BP
Femoral
hypertension
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.

15. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
Eupnea
arrhythmia
apnea
left Sims position

16. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
constant
Respiration
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Hyperventilation

17. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
low BP
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
+3
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.

18. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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19. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
absent
^160/^100
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

20. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Rhonchi
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

21. What happens to the blood if overhydration occurs?
tachycardia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Irregular

22. Side of wrist
Diastolic pressure
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
Cardiac Output
Radial

23. Lobes in the lungs?
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
oximetry

24. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
oximetry
96.5 to 97.5
popliteal

25. Pulse lower than 60 beats per minute
Stroke Volume
Apical
Biot's respirations
bradycardia

26. Sex BP?
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Dorsalis pedis
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.

27. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
oximetry
higher
+1

28. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Irregular
Respiration
Cardiac Output
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.

29. Newborn
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
30-80
Convection
Irregular

30. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
higher
popliteal
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
120/80

31. Bend of elbow
the lungs
shallow or slow breathing
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Brachial

32. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
popliteal
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
It will also fall

33. Snoring sound produced when patients are unable to cough up secretions from the trachea or bronchi
wheeze
Stertor
hypoxemia
120-139/80-89

34. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
left Sims position
Rhonchi

35. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

36. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
hypotension
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Pulse

37. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
Cardiac Output

38. What are the 5 vital signs?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Conduction
low BP
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

39. Elderly respiration
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
16-20
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

40. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
palpate
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Pedal pulse

41. The average temperature in the older adult
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood
Diaphoresis
96.5 to 97.5
remittent

42. This affects the character of the pulse.
low
pyrexia
Stroke Volume
^160/^100

43. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
shallow or slow breathing
Hypothermia
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

44. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
140-159/90-99
shallow or slow breathing
BMR

45. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
crackles
palpate
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Feeble

46. Top of left foot
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Respiration
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Dorsalis pedis

47. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
Crisis
the lungs
+2
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.

48. Adolescent
Kussmaul's respiration
silence as cuff deflates for 30 to 40 mm Hg; common with hypertension and elderly patients
hypertension
16-20

49. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Core Temperature

50. People most at risk for hypertension
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Korotkoff sounds
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

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Measuring Vital Signs

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