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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
Temporal
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
bradycardia

2. Air movemtn causes heat to be transferred from the skin to the air molecules.
Convection
apnea
Diaphoresis
left Sims position

3. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Convection
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Rhonchi
Korotkoff sounds

4. Side of neck
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
carotid
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.

5. 3 yr old
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
20-30
bradypnea
Systolic pressure

6. Healthly adult
dyspnea
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
12-20

7. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
Convection
crackles
pyrexia
BMR

8. Hearing
ausculatation
lysis
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

9. How does external respiration occur?
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
dyspnea

10. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
Pulse
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
hypotension
^160/^100

11. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
low
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.

12. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures
120-139/80-89
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

13. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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14. What happens whens vasoconstriction causes peripheral vascular resistance to rise?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

15. Gas exchange in the blood occurs where?
Cardiac Output
Convection
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

16. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
palpate
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

17. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
left Sims position
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
popliteal
carotid

18. Breathing is an involuntary automatic function controlled by the respiratory center located where?
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
Axillary.

19. How does age affect pulse?
Posterior tibial
140-159/90-99
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
The pulse rate gradually diminishes from birth to adulthood

20. Are infants blood pressure low or high?
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
low
60 to 70 mL
bradypnea

21. By measuring the blood pressure you obtain vital info about what?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

22. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Cardiac Output
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

23. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
oximetry
Hyperventilation
remittent
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

24. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
+2
Korotkoff sounds
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
bradypnea

25. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Diastolic pressure
96.5 to 97.5
absent

26. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
arrhythmia
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
stridor

27. How is shock caused?
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
Pedal pulse
remittent
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

28. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
Temporal
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

29. An example of nursing planning
dyspnea
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Stroke volume
Feeble

30. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
hypoxemia
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Apical

31. Measurement of oxygen
oximetry
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
left Sims position
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

32. Feel
hypotension
120/80
palpate
oximeter

33. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
120-139/80-89
20-30

34. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Dorsalis pedis
Apical

35. right arm vs. left arm/ arm vs. leg BP?
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Diaphoresis
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.
16-20

36. Taking axillary temperature
oximeter
Biot's respirations
140-159/90-99
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.

37. 2nd stage of fever is?
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
96.5 to 97.5
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
orthostatic hypertension

38. Newborn
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
Korotkoff sounds
30-80

39. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Dorsalis pedis
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.

40. Gradual return to a normal temperature
lysis
orthostatic hypertension
Eupnea
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and

41. High BP
hypertension
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Pedal pulse
palpate

42. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
intermittent
Respiration
Relapsing
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.

43. Low oxygen
bradycardia
97.5 to 99.5
hypoxia
BMR

44. How do drugs affect pulse?
BMR
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature

45. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
hypertension
dyspnea
Pedal pulse
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket

46. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
Systolic pressure
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

47. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
Apical
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

48. Weak and may be irregular
wheeze
Feeble
thready
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

49. Rectal temperature are
the lungs
hyperoxia
12-20
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

50. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
16-20