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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The average temperature in the older adult
constant
Hyperventilation
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
96.5 to 97.5

2. Slow and shallow breathing - leads to hypoxemia.
intermittent
ausculatation
bradypnea
hyperoxia

3. Decreased levels of oxygen in the blood - often seen in patients wo are under medical sedation - who are recovering from anesthesia or abdominal surgery - or who are in a weak or debiliated condition.
Stroke volume
postoperative patients wo have been cooled during surgery - newborn infants whose skin is exposed to cool room temperatures - elderly or debiliated patients - and those exposed to cold temperatures for prolonged periods.
hypoxemia
ausculatation

4. Increased rate and depth with panting and long grunting exhalation. Often seen with patients with acidosis and renal failure.

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5. The rate at which heat is produced when the body is at rest.
Eupnea
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
BMR
140-159/90-99

6. If blood becomes thicker - like when excessive blood cells are manufactured what happens to BP?
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
+2

7. Inside ankle
Posterior tibial
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone

8. Shallow for two or three breaths with a period of variable apnea. occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure.

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9. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
shallow or slow breathing
oximeter
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.

10. Average pulse rate for an adult
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
72 bpm
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
Kussmaul's respiration

11. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
Hyperventilation
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
Core Temperature

12. Excessive sweat production
hypoxia
Kussmaul's respiration
12-20
Diaphoresis

13. When is apicial pulse used?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Pulse
remittent
Pulse pressure

14. Side of wrist
popliteal
12-20
Axillary.
Radial

15. The pressure wave causing te arterial walls in the vascular system each time the heart contracts to force blood into an already full aorta.
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
60 to 70 mL
Pulse
oximeter

16. 2nd stage of fever is?
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
Pedal pulse
hyperoxia

17. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Respiration
low
low BP

18. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
bradycardia
dyspnea
20-30
Diastolic pressure

19. Barely palpable
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
tachycardia
pyrogens
Feeble

20. 1st stage of fever is?
Biot's
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
arrhythmia
Pedal pulse

21. Head injury or any increased intracranial pressure will depress the respiratory center and result in?
arrhythmia
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
thready
shallow or slow breathing

22. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
+2
hypotension
lysis
+1

23. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
pyrogens
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Korotkoff sounds
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds

24. Heart
Apical
16-20
hypoxia
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

25. Adolescent
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
16-20
Irregular
hypertension

26. What pulse is checked to determine whether there is any blockage of circulation in the artery up to that point - especially in patients who have had cardiac catherization using the femoral artery for the insertion of the catheter or those who had sur
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
96.5 to 97.5
Pedal pulse

27. Stress & emotions. BP?
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
higher

28. Difference between the apical and radial pulse - this requires two people to count the radial and apicial pulses at the same time to determine whether there is a what?
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
16-20
Pulse
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

29. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Feeble
popliteal
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

30. Abnormal - nonmusical sound heard on ausculation of the lungs during inspiration; also called rales. Sound like hair rubbed between the fingers next to the ears.
+3
Posterior tibial
Stertor
crackles

31. When should rectal temperatures NOT be used?
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
crackles
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases

32. How does disease increase the body's temperature?
96.5 to 97.5
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.
oximeter
+3

33. Top of left foot
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
20-30
Crisis
Dorsalis pedis

34. High BP
Posterior tibial
hypertension
Hypothermia
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

35. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
pyrexia
constant
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
120/80

36. How do emotions increase the pulse rate?
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
oximeter
96.5 to 97.5

37. Average blood pressure should be
Biot's respirations
120/70
Core Temperature
fever

38. Why would patients experience orthostatic hypotenstion?
low BP
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
thready

39. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.

40. Measurement of oxygen
lysis
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
oximetry

41. BP at or lower 90/60.
hypotension
Relapsing
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Irregular

42. What are the 5 vital signs?
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
12-20
constant
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.

43. How does emotional stress raise the body's temperature?
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
thready
+1
Biot's respirations

44. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Evaporation
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
wheeze

45. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Tachypnea
120/70
Nursing interventions to reduce fever

46. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Respiration
crackles
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
120/80

47. Weak and may be irregular
lysis
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
thready
120/70

48. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
hypoxia
left Sims position
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

49. The maximum pressure exerted on the artery during left ventricular contraction.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Systolic pressure
stridor

50. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
bradypnea