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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How does increased body temperature increase the pulse?
The pulse rate increases at the rate of 7-10 beats for each degree of temperature
20-30
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
decrease BP - increase pulse rate - cold and clammy skin - dizziness - blurred vision - and apprehension.

2. An example of a nursing diagnoses
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
crackles
16-20
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure

3. Rectal temperature are
wheeze
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
oximetry
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

4. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
Systolic pressure
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
72 bpm

5. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
hypoxia
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.

6. Blood pressure for any adult should be no higher than
Evaporation
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
120-139/80-89
120/80

7. Fever above 100.2 F
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
hypotension
Temporal
pyrexia

8. What happens when vasodilation occurs?
Stertor
arrhythmia
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
Cardiac Output

9. Louder knocking sound that occurs wit each heartbeat
orthostatic hypertension
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
96.5 to 97.5

10. Stage 2 hypertension
remittent
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
^160/^100
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

11. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
Stroke Volume
Convection
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left

12. When the heart contracts How many mLs of blood is propelled into the aorta?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
60 to 70 mL
the blood pressure will rise in order to push the blood along.
arrhythmia

13. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
+3
Hypothermia
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.

14. Continuous dry - rattling sounds heard on ausculation of the lungs caused by partial obstruction.
Temporal
Rhonchi
left Sims position
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese

15. Encourage a large fluid intake - lower room temperature - increase air circulation - remove items of clothes - control or reduce the amount of body activity - carry out physicians orders
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures
Nursing interventions to reduce fever
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.
Temporal

16. Symptoms of hypoxia
+3
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
blood pressure is lowest in the morning. and higher in the afternoone
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

17. Taking a rectal temperature
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
140-159/90-99
apnea
crackles

18. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
Apical
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
popliteal
Respiration

19. If the cardiac output falls what will happen to the BP?
Convection
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
It will also fall
Core Temperature

20. 3 yr old
stridor
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
20-30
about 1 degree higher than oral temperatures

21. Drop in blood pressure when arising to a standing position.
the effectiveness of the heart contractions - the amount of blood in the system - and the presence of any obstruction or interference of blood to the blood vessels
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
orthostatic hypertension

22. Average pulse rate for an adult
72 bpm
Hyperventilation
the lungs
12-20

23. Bend of knee
popliteal
Respiration
Apical
+2

24. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
the BP goes up because more pressure is needed to push the thicker fluid through the vascular system.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
60 to 70 mL

25. State of insufficient oxygen
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
hypoxia
Dorsalis pedis

26. The temperature is continuously elevated with less than 1 degree of variation within a 24-hour period.
3 in the right lung and 2 lobes in the left
constant
Cheyenne-Stokes
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

27. No pulse palpable or heard on ausculation
absent
Stroke Volume
Hyperthermia related to infection or excessive heat exposure
Core Temperature

28. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
temperature - pulse - respiration - blood pressure - and pain level.
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
Systolic pressure
Femoral

29. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues and is initiated by the act of breathing.
Evaporation
Respiration
20-30
Because fever is a protective defense mechanisms that the body uses to fight pathogens and their toxins the inflammatory response produces fevers.

30. How does menstrual cycle and pregnancy raise the body's temperature?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Onset - which may occur gradually or suddenly. the body responds to a pyrogen by trying to conserve and manufacture heat to raise the set point for core temperature. The person will feel cold - and will add clothes or covers - curl up in a ball - and
bradypnea
thready

31. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
popliteal
Biot's
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
low BP

32. This affects the character of the pulse.
Stroke Volume
Pedal pulse
The body's temperature in the morning is usually low from inactivity of the muscles. The afternooon body temperature may be high-normal because of the body's metabolic processes - the patient's activity - and the temperature of the environment.
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

33. Barely palpable
120/70
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
Conduction
Feeble

34. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Systolic pressure
+3
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
16-20

35. The average temperature in the older adult
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
96.5 to 97.5
hypotension
raises BP.

36. Murmur or swishing sounds that increase as the cuff is deflated
dyspnea
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Blood pressure increases because there is more volume of blood in the vascular system.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing

37. Difficult and labored breathing - can often be accompanied by flared nostrils - anxious appearance - and statements such as I cant get enough air.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Radial
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
dyspnea

38. Increased or rapid breathing results from te presence of fever and a number or diseases. breathing rate increased about 4 breaths for each degree increase in temperature.
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
Tachypnea
oximetry
Hyperventilation

39. 3rd stage of fever?
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
dyspnea
men - African Americans - under a lot of stress - obese
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

40. While measuring the BP certain sounds may be heard that relate to the effect of the blood pressure cuff on the arterial wall.
Korotkoff sounds
low
crackles
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

41. Alternating rise and fall of the temperature.
Hypothermia
intermittent
hypotension
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.

42. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

43. Hearing
16-20
120-139/80-89
ausculatation
Diaphoresis

44. The difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure
place the thermometer in the center of the patients dry axilla. Ask patient to hold the arm tightly against the chest. Leave in place 3-8 minutes.
60 to 70 mL
Pulse pressure
palpate

45. Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion in the blood until it reaches where?
Brachial
the lungs
Crisis
Axillary.

46. Measurement of oxygen
72 bpm
^160/^100
oximetry
crackles

47. Side of forehead
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence
Temporal
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
palpate

48. The lower pressure exerted on the artery when the heart is at rest inbetween contractions.
pyrexia
remittent
Defervescence - lowering of the body temperature to normal. The person feels warm and the skin may be moist.
Diastolic pressure

49. Heart
Apical
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
Pedal pulse
Stertor

50. How does external respiration occur?
Relapsing
hypoxia
+2
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b