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Measuring Vital Signs

Subjects : health-sciences, emergency-medicine

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Side of wrist
16-20
Temporal
from drug therapy - a neurologic problem or dehydration.
Radial

2. Axillary temperature are
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)
oximetry
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

3. A sudden change or muffling of the sound. (indicates diastolic pressure in children and some adults)
hyperoxia
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

4. 2nd stage of fever is?
fever
intermittent
Temporal
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.

5. Obtaining the correct size for a cuff for BP?
the proper cuff is 21% bigger than the diameter of the arm. the inflatable bladder should go around 3/4 of the arm.
shallow or slow breathing
Stertor
Sinoatrial node (SA NODE)

6. Bend of elbow
Pedal pulse
fever
hypoxia
Brachial

7. What affects does aging do to the blood pressure?
Posterior tibial
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Irregular

8. What characteristics should be noted when checking the pulse?
Body temperature drops before ovulation and rises 1 degree above normal during ovulation. During pregnancy the body temperature is slightly higher.
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
the rate - the rhythm - and volume

9. Heart
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes
constant
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
Apical

10. Korotkoff sounds Phase I: Tapping
systolic pressure indicated by faint - clear sound that gradually grow louder.
Hyperventilation
140-159/90-99
hypoxia

11. A pattern of breathing in which there is an increase in the rate and the depth of breaths and carbon dioxide is expelled - causing te blood level of carbon dioxide to fall. this condition is seen after sever exertion - during high levels of anxiety o
Diastolic pressure
Stertor
Hyperventilation
about 1 degree lower than oral temperatures

12. Head injury BP?
dyspnea
raises BP.
Stroke Volume
Diastolic pressure

13. How does size affect pulse?
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
120/70
the rate - the rhythm - and volume
stridor

14. When warm skin touches a cool object - heat is lost to the object.
Conduction
ausculatation
Evaporation
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.

15. When is apicial pulse used?
Pedal pulse
Pons and Medulla of the brainstem
when it is difficult to find or to count the radial pulse - or for patients with heart conditions for one full minute by placing stethoscope on the heart to count for a full minute.
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.

16. Average blood pressure should be
Temporal
120/70
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
low BP

17. How should baby's temperature be taken?
Respiration
orthostatic hypertension
When an accurate temperature cant be obtained orally and a tympanic or temporal artery thermometer are not available. It may be used when there is nasal congestion or there has been nasal or oral surgery - the patient is unable to keep their mouth cl
Axillary.

18. The pulse rate multiplied by the stroke volume. This is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle in 1 minute. Averaging at about 5mL per minute.
low
Cardiac Output
Tall - slender people mayy ave a slower pulse rate than short - stout persons
Eupnea

19. Macine that measures oxygen in the blood by determining the percentage of hemoglobin that is bound with oxygen.
hypertension
oximeter
Vascular resistance drops and the blood pressure decreases
bradycardia

20. Taking a rectal temperature
Wash hands - don gloves - lubricate probe - Insert .5 to 1.5 inches. Hold in place for 3 to 5 minutes.
Irregular
hypoxia
Pulse

21. What affects does aging do to the respiratory rate?
hypertension
72 bpm
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.
left Sims position

22. What should you do if you cannot determine BP by ausculation?
the palpation method is used. put cuff over arm - feel the radial point to get the systolic pressure you cant get the diastolic this way.
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.
Korotkoff sounds Phase II Swishing
Biot's respirations

23. What will happen in febrile stage if temperature is very high or temperature stays for a long amount of time?
higher
Core Temperature
apnea
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

24. An example of nursing planning
Relapsing
Stroke Volume
Temperature will remain below 102 degrees with use of hypothermia blanket
Systolic pressure

25. What patients should not use a glass thermometer orally?
in the alveoli - tiny thin-walled sacs
constant
uncooperative patient - children - combative patients - dementia
if its hot bp can lower because of vasodilation. if its cold it can rise because of vasoconstriction.

26. Normal body temperature ranges?
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
97.5 to 99.5
+3
Korotkoff sounds Phase III: Knocking

27. Whats the best position to take a rectal temperature?
left Sims position
^160/^100
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Hypothermia

28. BP at or lower 90/60.
Convection
120-139/80-89
120/70
hypotension

29. Full and bounding (even beats wit strong force)
Febrile stage - the body temperature rises to a new set point established by the hypothalamus and remains there until there is a resolution to the cause of fever.
remittent
+3
tachycardia

30. How does physical exercise raise the body's temperature?
It uses large muscles in the body - which create body heat by burning up the glucose and fat in the tissues - muscle action generates heat and core temperature rises.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
120-139/80-89
Irregular

31. Symptoms of hypoxia
cardiac patients or patients who have had rectal surgery.
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Biot's
hypotension

32. What affects does aging do to the heart rate?

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33. Whisting sound of air forced past a partial obstruction - as found in asthma or emphysema.
Pulse pressure
hypertension
wheeze
variation of about 5-10 between arms. and a 10-40 difference in systolic pressure with leg & arm.

34. Inside ankle
Korotkoff sounds
Hypothermia
Posterior tibial
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

35. Barely palpable
hypertension
hemorrhage - vomiting - diarrhea - burns - and myocardial infarctions.
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.
Feeble

36. Strong and regular ( even beats wit moderate force)
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Hypothermia
+2
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

37. How do drugs affect pulse?
oximetry
140-159/90-99
97.5 to 99.5
Stimulants increase the pulse rate. Depressants decrease the pulse rate.

38. How is pulse best found?
by placing the flat part of the first fingers against the tendon - or cord - on the thumb inside of the inner wrist and ten rolling the fingers slightly outward into the little trough on the thumb inside the wrist.
Core Temperature
Pulse
oximetry

39. High oxygen
hyperoxia
97.5 to 99.5
dyspnea
It may rise slightly as decreases in vital capacity and respiratory reserve occur.

40. Abrupt decline in fever
fever
hypoxia
Crisis
pulse deficit - the radial pulse subtracted from the apical pulse equals the pulse deficit.

41. Disappearance of sound. (marks diastolic pressure in adults)
ausculatation
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.
Korotkoff sounds Phase IV: Muffling
Korotkoff sounds Phase V: Silence

42. The temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Diastolic pressure
BMR
Core Temperature
Acute anxiety stimulate the nervous system - raising the pulse.

43. Shock - hemorrhage - low cardiac output - inadequate volume of blood?
1) ventilation - Which is the movement of air in and out of the lung. 2) dispersion of air throughout the bronchial tree of the lungs; 3) diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across the alveolar membranes; 4) perfusion - the movement of b
It doesn't change in a healthy elderly patient but the pattern rhythm may be slightly irregular.
Convection
low BP

44. A normal - relaxed breathing pattern
Eupnea
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li
Increases as body tries to remove excess heat
dehydration - delirium - and convulsons may occur. Dehydration will occur because of lost with perspiration and more rapid breathing. Delirium and convulsions may occur because neurologic function is affected when the temperature in the brain rises.

45. Substances tat cause fever
Cheyenne-Stokes
pyrogens
restlessness & apprehension - confusion - dizziness - and change in level of consciousness - cyanosis or skin color changes - particularly around the mouth and in the nail beds
Temporal

46. When the vascular walls lose elasticity - as with arteriosclerosis and aging what happens to BP?
Pulse pressure
It increases to push the blood through more rigid pathways.
Irregular
Axillary.

47. How should respirations be counted?
+3
30 seconds and multiplied by 2. unless the person is very sick or has resp. problems you should count for one full minute.
Hyperventilation
determine if the patient has a known heart arrhythmia - perform hand hygiene - expose the left chest - warm the stethoscope in hand for a min or 2 - locate the apex of the heart by palpating for the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. li

48. Risk for prolonged hypertension
Biot's respirations
orthostatic hypertension
hypoxia
permanent damage to the heart - the brain - the kidneys - and the retina of the eye - may cause strokes

49. Weak and regular (even beats wit poor force)
Kussmaul's respiration
+1
The systolic blood pressure rises slightly because the arota and major arteries tend to harden with age. The diastolic pressure rises also.
males have higher bp - until menopause then they are the same

50. Absence of breathing
apnea
The emotions increase hormone secretion - and the body activities required for this increase heat production.
Dorsalis pedis
Pulse