SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What makes a virus a retrovirus - name two
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
Actinomyces
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
2. tissue nematode causing skin inflammation and ulceration - org - transmission - tx
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
Rose gardner's
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
3. What are characteristics of obligate anaerobes
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
Interstitial pneumonia - AIDS - diffuse bilateral CXR appearance - dx by lung biopsy or lavage - ID- ed by methanamine silver stain of lung tissue
Foul smelling (short chain fatty acids) - difficult to culture - produce gas in tissues (CO2 - H2)
anaerobic
4. What species producing watery diarrhea also produces gas gangrene
C. perfringens
Aerosal - from environmental water source
HDV
five fields of microbiology
5. What does p24 do
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
Capsid protein
6. How can you distinguish enterococci from nonenterococcal group D
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
7. How do you treat actinomyces or nocardia
three domains of microorganisms
HHV 6 - roseola
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
Rubella
8. Which bacteria have no cell wall
Mycoplasma - have sterols
When nutriets are limited
Viridans group streptococci
gram- positive stain - explanation
9. What is legionnaires disease
Severe pneumonia
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
10. What organisms stain with PAS
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
11. Bugs in hospital acquired PNA
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Staph or enteric GNR
Metabolic activity without division
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
12. ___ percent of infected illnesses are caused by ___
10 to 12
60%; viruses
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
E. coli 0157:H7
13. What is pontiac fever
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
Togavirus - german 3 day measles
Children
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
14. What does group B strep cause
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Acid fast organisms
S. aureus
15. ____ do no treat viral infections
Gardnerella vaginalis
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
special staining of bacteria
antibiotics
16. What are the recombinant vaccines
Clostridium botulinum
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
microaerophilic
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
17. What is the fxn and chemical composition of bacterial pilus/fimbria
Entertoxigenic E. coli
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
Coagulation cascade - DIC
helical shape - definition
18. Study of bacteria
how wine is spoiled
Saucer shaped yeast forms
bacteriology
Unimmunised kids
19. Hyperalimentation is a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
endocytosis...
Campylobacter
fungi
Candida albicans
20. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the outer membrane in gram negative bacteria
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
endospores - definition
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
Avain resevoir
21. Herpes - warts
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
double- stranded DNA
release (AV)
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
22. What viruses make up the PaRaMyxovirus family and What do they do
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Pasteurella multocida
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
trichomoniasis symptoms
23. What kind of exotoxin does E. coli have and What does it work
halophiles
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
Genetic shift - pandemic
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
24. Where are strep viridans normal flora and What do they cause
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
malaria
10 to 12
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
25. Which bacteria is an important cause of subacute endocarditis and bacteremia in colon cancer patients
red tide
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Strep bovis - also group D
Entamoeba hisotlytica
26. brain cysts - seizures - parasite
Fusion and entry
No they are T cells reacting to EBV infected cells
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
27. What cell wall structures are common to both gram pos and gram neg bacteria
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
acid- fast - color
Strep pneumo and viridans
28. In what clinical scenarios do you see Pseudomonas
lipids (fats) =
Burn wounds - nosocomial pneumonia - pneumonias in cystic fibrosis
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
29. What is HBcAg
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
coccus
Antigen associated with core of HBV
30. Other than thrush and vaginitis - What are the other clinical manifestations or candidiasis
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
Anti - HAVAb IgM
Paramyxovirus; measles
31. Rod- shaped
Burn wounds - nosocomial pneumonia - pneumonias in cystic fibrosis
red algae make
bacillus
cytoplasm - definition
32. Ability to move via flagella
Paragonimus westermani
motility of bacteria
C tetani
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane
33. Survival structure produced when food and water are unavailable - dormant - not a life cycle stage
Bordetella pertussis
taxonomic hierarchy
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
endospores - definition
34. Prefers less oxygen than the levels found in the atmosphere
histoplasmosis
microaerophilic
C. perfringens
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
35. What is the resevoir of salmonella
Schistosoma mansori
Fungi
Chronic monoarthritis and migratory polyarthritis
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
36. What happens when endotoxin activates hagemans factor
Mucor or rhizopus
red algae make
Coagulation cascade - DIC
microaerophilic
37. What does norwalk virus do
Viral gastroenteritis
facultative
Fungi
Interfere with host cell function - binding component binds to a receptor on surface of host cell enabling endocytosis - active portion attaches an ADP- ribosyl to a shost cell protein altering protein function
38. ___ of cancers are known to be _____ induced
Food - fingers - feces - flies
Borrelia burgdorferi
All except coxiella are via arthropod
10%; viral
39. What species causing bloody or watery diarrhea produces a pseudomembranous colitis
C. diff
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
humans do not have
Pasteurella multocida
40. What does shiga toxin do and what bugs produce it
complex virus example
Children
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
41. Severe diarrhea in AIDS - mild disease with watery diarrhea in immunoCtent - dz - transmission - dx - and tx
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
Klebsiella
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
coccus
42. Chemical synthesis and food industry
John Needham
commercial applications
Haematobium - bladder
M. tuberculosis
43. What serum markers indicate Hep B recovery
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
EBV
Aseptic meningitis
Immediately upon exposure
44. What are the laboratory findings of legionella
PCR/Viral load
Measles rubeola - measles
Env - gp120 and gp41 - gag - p24 - pol - reverse transcriptase
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
45. What does MOPS stand for with s pneumo
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
Burn wounds - nosocomial pneumonia - pneumonias in cystic fibrosis
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
46. This infxn produces a primary chanre - disseminated rash - or cardiac/neurologic dz in mom and can result in stillbirth - hydrops fetalis or surviving neonates have facial abnl (notched teeth - saddle nose - short maxilla) saber shins - org and trans
Syphillis - sexual contact
archaea domain
food industry
No envelope
47. meningitis in HIV pos patient with india ink stain revealing yeast with narrow based budding and large capsule
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
S. aureus
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
Cryptosporidium
48. What is the fever cycle for p. vivax/ovale
complex virus example
Bat - racoon - skunk
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
penetration (AV)
49. Which males have UTIs
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Treponema
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
50. What are the two reoviruses and What do they cause
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
Syphillis - sexual contact
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
Entertoxigenic E. coli