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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What bug grows on thayer - martin (or VPN) media - What does VPN stand for
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Trigeminal ganglia
N. gonorrhea - vancomycin (inhibits gram pos) polymyxin (inhibits gram neg) - nystatin (inhibits fungi)
2. African sleeping sickness: enlarged lymph nodes - recurring fever - organism - transmission - dx - tx
Rose gardner's
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
methanogens
Oral thrush - tinea pedis - reactivation VZV - reactivation TB - bacterial infxns (H flu - S pneumo - Salmonella)
3. What associations go with listeria monocytogenes
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
Staph or enteric GNR
Cholesterol
4. What components make up the enveloped icosahedral viral structure
Cigar shaped yeast
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
S. aureus
5. 1765 - experiment - Nutrient broth placed in flask - sealed - then heated => no microbial growth
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
Between 2 and 18 months
CMV retinitis
Lazzaro Spallanzani
6. What is the resevoir for Microsporum and What is the management
Endosymbiotic Theory
HBC - hepatitis B
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
Pets - treat with topical azoles
7. What are gp120 and gp41 together
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
Schistosoma haematobium
Envelope proteins
Measles
8. What can cause food poisoning in undercooked meat
Nucleus - except parvovirus
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
E. coli 0157:H7
Sacral ganglia
9. Which DNA virus is not double stranded
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
Smallpox - although eradicated - could be used in germ warfare Vaccinia - cowpox 'milkmaid's blisters' Molluscum contagiosum - flesh colored dome lesions with central dimple
Parvo - single stranded
10. gram pos - spore forming - obligate anaerobes
hyperthermophiles
Histoplasmosis
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
Clostridia
11. What are koplick spots - and when/How does the rash present in measles infxn
ASO titer
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
12. What pyogenic infections does s pyogenes cause
Endosymbiotic Theory
Pharyngitis - cellulitis - impetigo
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
chromosome - function
13. What bug grows on chocolate agar with factors V (NAD+) and X (hematin)
H. flu
Pseudomonas
cytoplasm - definition
Can't make their own ATP - cause mucosal infections
14. intestinal nematode causing infection - eggs are visible in feces - org - tx
gas gangrene
molds
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
15. How do sporothrix appear on microscopically
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
gram stain - definition
Cigar shaped yeast
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
16. What stain shows legionella
Antigen in urine
Silver stain
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
mycolic acid - definition
17. variola - lots of spots
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
spiral - spirillum
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
smooth ER
18. What is the TX for candidiasis
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
Syphillis - sexual contact
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
R. typhi
19. PNA in HIV pos pt with CD4 <200
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
Doxycycline
they are eukaryotes
Pneumocystis jerovici
20. What does HDV require and What are the possible infxns it can cause
Salmonella
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
animal kingdom
21. Membrane- bound - cellular structures that perform a function - analogous to organs in the body
eukaryotic organelles - definition
Children
Neisseria
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
22. What are the lab findings for cholera
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast
Plasmodium
Actic polymerization
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
23. What is the treatment for syphillis
S - definition
species
cell membrane - definition
Pen
24. This infxn causes rash - lymphadenopathy and arthritis in the mom and PDA (or pulmonary artery hypolplasia) - cataracts and deafness +/- blueberry muffin rash - org and transmission
Rubella - respiratory droplets
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
basic shapes of bacteria
25. Dilated cardiomyopathy - megacolon - megaesophagus in south america - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer
26. What serum markers are present in Chronic Hep B with high infectivity
replication (B)
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Diphyllobothrium latum
27. superficial neoplastic proliferation of vasculature in HIV pos pt where biopsy reveals lymphocytic inflammation
Nocardia asteroides
Episodes of fever - jaundice and inc AST/ALT
HHV-8 - KS
osmotic lysis
28. chronic granulomatous disease
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
lysozyme
Avain resevoir
29. PNA in children 4wks to 18yrs
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Wound and burn infectinos - Pneumonia in CF - sepsis - external otitis (swimmer's ear) - UTI - drug use and diabetic osteomyelitis and hot tub follculitis
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
virus example
30. What is the organism and histological findings for ehrliciosis
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
virus example
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
31. urethritis - cervicitis - PID - prostatits - epididymitis - arthritis - creamy purulent discharge - org and dz
ADP ribosylation of G protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase - inc Cl - secretion into gut and dec Na absorption - H20 into gut lumen - voluminous rice water diarrhea
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
N. gono causing gono
flaccid paralysis
32. Hyperalimentation is a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
hypertonic solution
Candida albicans
importance of microorganisms
Borrelia recurrentis
33. How many segments are typically in reoviruses
10 to 12
Capsid protein
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
plasmid - function
34. Which bacteria are alpha hemolytic
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
Strep pneumo and viridans
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
Rose gardner's
35. What animals carry rabies virus
Mice - deer
Bat - racoon - skunk
what envelope contains
microbiology
36. ____ do no treat viral infections
antibiotics
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
S. aureus
Toxoplasmosis
37. trematode causing inflammation of the biliary tract leading to pigmented gallstones - org - transmission - associated cancer - tx
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
Brucella sp
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
38. What are the 4 phases of HIV
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
Flulike (acute) - feeling fine (latent) - falling count - final crisis
Inc - inc lymphos - inc - dec
VDRL screens and FTA- ABS
39. Insects - parasitic worms - etc
Lepromatous
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Flulike (acute) - feeling fine (latent) - falling count - final crisis
animal kingdom
40. This cause of UTI is often nosocomial and drug resistant
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
Enterobacter cloacae
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
Clonorchis sinensis
41. What bug secretes scarlet fever erythrogenic toxin and What does it cause
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
HBsAg - HBeAg - IgM - Anti - HBcAg
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
42. What does Anti HBsAg indicate
endospores are resistant to (4)
S. epidermidis
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
43. What happens in tertiary syphillis
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
Crohns or appendicitis
Killed viral vaccine
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
44. meningitis in >60
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
Antibody to HBeAg - indicates low transmissability
M. avium intracellulare
45. What are the gram pos bacilli
methanogens
protista kingdom
fungi kingdom
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
46. Apiration PNA - orgs
Owl's eye inculsions
Staph saprophyticus
Anaerobes
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
47. gummas - tabes dorsalis - general paresis - aortisis - argyll robertson pupils - org and dz
Many treponemas
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
Permanently disables causing whooping cough via induction of cAMP - turns the off off
Fusion and entry
48. Many sided; most common is icosahedron
germination
polyhedral shape - defintion
Rubella - respiratory droplets
Francesco Redi
49. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in mom or has vesicular lesions and causes temporal encephalitis - and vesicular lesions in the neonate - org and transmission
replication (AV)
HSV - skin or mucous membrance contact
Alpha toxin - a lecithinase that acta s a phospholipase to cleave cell membranes and causes a gas gangrene
Ingestion of preformed toxin
50. What is the Ghon complex
HSV - skin or mucous membrance contact
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
Diphyllobothrium latum