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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What do you see on blood agar with C. perfringens
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
Only borrelia
When nutriets are limited
Double zone of hemolysis
2. trematode causing inflammation and 2ndary bacterial infection of the lung with hemoptysis - org - transmission - tx
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
Beta hemolytic
3. Osteomyelitis after prosthetic replacement
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
Mycobacterium
Palivizumab
4. What bacteria requires acid fast stain to visualize
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
spiral - spirochete
Mycobacterium
Guillain barre
5. What is a capsule conjugated with a protein
Antigen in vaccines
Children
oral yeast infections =
flagella
6. Help bacteria to attach to one another
Clostridium perfringens
Salmonella
pili - function
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
7. Herpes - warts
double- stranded DNA
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
Klebsiella granulomatis
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
8. Amoebic dysentry - giardia - trichomoniasis - malaria - toxplasmosis
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
Type B protease IgA
protozoan infections (5)
rickettsia
9. Which Abx are ineffective against obligate anaerobes and why - where are anaerobes nl found
complex virus example
Fusion and entry
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
10. What happens in stage 2 of lyme disease
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11. What diseases can HSV 1 cause and What is the route of transmission
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
12. How are mucor and rhizopus diagnosed in the lab
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
HHV-6 roseola
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
13. What is the nl flora of the vagina
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
Silver stain
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
14. meningitis in HIV pos patient with india ink stain revealing yeast with narrow based budding and large capsule
Rubella german measles
Pneumocystis jerovici
Mice - deer
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
15. tissue nematode causing granulomas (blindness if in the retina) and visceral larva migrans - org - transmission - tx
Pen
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
C. diptheriae
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
16. Must be able to isolate organism from diseased host and grow organism in pure culture
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17. Antibiotics which kill normal flora bacteria allowing yeast to overgrow
Francesco Redi
vaginal yeast infections can be caused by this
release (B)
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
18. Tightly coiled
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
C. diptheriae
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
spiral - spirochete
19. Tail fibers attach to outside of host cell
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
adsorption (B)
Koch's Postulates 2
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
20. What is the treatment for rickettsiae
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
Doxycycline
21. What is HBcAg
Antigen associated with core of HBV
Skin infections - organ abscesses - pneumonia
plasmid - function
Starts quickly and ends quickly
22. What is the main complication of mumps
aerobic
Sterility
uncoating (AV)
mycology
23. health care provider
HBV from needle stick
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
protista kingdom
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
24. Prevents contraction of muscles
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
flaccid paralysis
25. What does papillomovirus cause
Dipicolinic acid
botulism
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
C. perfringens
26. What sugars do the various neisseria bacteria ferment and what enzyme do they both produce
All of them
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
27. Which spirochete can be visulized using aniline dyes in light microscopy
Only borrelia
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
cilia
Borrelia burgdorferi
28. What does aspergillus cause
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29. Why are pregnant women told to avoid cats
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
Toxo crosses the placenta
Elementary body
10%; viral
30. What does the chylamidial cell wall lack
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
Muramic acid
31. What cell wall structures are found only in gram neg bacteria
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
mycoplasma (5) - description
Toxoid vaccine
Entamoeba histolytica
32. What does gonococi cause
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
Negative
Aerosal - from environmental water source
Pasteurella multocida
33. What kind of exotoxin does corneybacterium have and What does it do
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
Borrelia burgdorferi
Common cold
34. Prevents osmotic lysis (cell bursting)
cell wall - function
H flu
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
Guillain barre
35. What does rubeloa virus cause
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
Croup - seal like barking cough
infection process of animal viruses (6)
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
36. cestode causing intestinal tapeworms - org - transmission - tx
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
smooth ER
37. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the log phase
Clostridium botulinum
cell wall - function
Rapid cell division
Naegleria fowleri - freshwater lakes through cribiform plate - amoebas in spinal fluid - amphotericin for survivors
38. What causes typhoid fever - tricky Ts
Salmonella typhi
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
PCR/Viral load
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
39. 1673 - First to see microorganisms - marked beginning of microbiology - 'animalcules' - 'father of the microscope'
cytoplasm - definition
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
gas gangrene
40. Hairy leukoplakia often on lateral tongue in HIV pos pt
EBV
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
bacillus
41. What happens in EBV mononucleosis - and what cells does it infect
Only borrelia
C tetani
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
42. Lyme dz - ixodes tick that lives on deer and micd
Only humoral - stable
Pneumocystis jerovici
Borrelia burgdorferi
Plasmodium
43. What s. aureus infection is an imporant cause of serious nosocomial and community- acquired infections
Severe pneumonia
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Recombination
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
44. Site of protein synthesis; some are free in cytoplasm - others are bound to the rough ER
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
Naegleria fowleri - freshwater lakes through cribiform plate - amoebas in spinal fluid - amphotericin for survivors
ribosomes - function
CMV - RSV
45. Agar
Rheumatic fever - acute glomerulonephritis
red algae make
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
46. Why aren't naked viruses destroyed in the gut (A and E)
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
Recombination
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
No envelope
47. What color is the sputum in klebsiella infxn an besides pneumonia - what else can it cause
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
48. Osteomyelitis in the vertebrae
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49. What is only exception of DNA viruses that are not double stranded
Shingles from VZV - kaposi sarcoma from HHV-8
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
Parvoviridae
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
50. mycobacterium causing disseminated disease in AIDS - resistant to multiple drugs - cannot be grown in vitro
Antigen in urine
M. avium intracellulare
red algae make
fungi