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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This cause of UTI is often nosocomial and drug resistant
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
Enterobacter cloacae
2. foul - smelling greenish vaginal discharge - itching - burning - protozoa - transmission - dx and tx
R. typhi
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
monera kingdom
3. tissue nematode causing granulomas (blindness if in the retina) and visceral larva migrans - org - transmission - tx
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever
Clue cells - or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria visible under the microscope
4. What are the findings for pressure - cell type - protein and sugar in the CSF with a fungal/TB meningitis
Inc - inc lymphos - inc - dec
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
Cryptosporidium
genus
5. What is legionnaires disease
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
Type B protease IgA
Severe pneumonia
6. With staph grown on novobiocin - Which is resistant and Which is sensitive
Campylobacter
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
Clue cells - or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria visible under the microscope
Pregnant women
7. Clusters
arrangements - staphylo
Measles rubeola - measles
Treponema
Enterobacter cloacae
8. what dpes gp120 do
Attachment to host T cell
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
gram- positive stain - explanation
double- stranded RNA
9. Which gram pos bacteria have branching filamentous morphology
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
10. What does polyomavirus cause
JC - progressive mutlifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
spiral - vibrio
ribosomes - function
11. Diplo - staphylo - strepto
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
plant kingdom
arrangements of bacteria
12. Why aren't myccolasma seen on gram stain
No cell wall
Rickettsia rickettsii
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
spiral - spirochete
13. Toxoplasma gondii - only sexual phase takes place in intestinal tract of the cat - organism ingested by the cat via infected rodents - humans infected by ingesting undercooked meats or by direct contact with cat feces
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
Toxplasmosis
Gallbladder
14. In who do you see meningitis from h flu type b
Klebsiella
what peptidoglycan is composed of
Unimmunised kids
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
15. What is the Ghon complex
Fusion and entry
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
food industry
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
16. How is HBV transmitted primarily and how long is the incubation period for
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
Mycobacterium TB (Pott's dz)
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
17. A waxy substance that retains carbolfuchsin
Pen
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
mycolic acid - definition
flagella - function
18. Microbes (yeast) are responsible for fermentation
Rotavirus - adenovirus - norwalk virus
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
trichomoniasis symptoms
production of beer and wine
19. Bacteriophage
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Mycobacterium TB (Pott's dz)
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
complex virus example
20. Pseudopodia - cilia - and flagella
Mice - deer
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
Staph make it - strep don't
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
21. What species of trypanosoma other than bruceii cause african sleeping sickness
five fields of microbiology
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
tetanus
Gambiense - rhodesiense
22. What stain shows legionella
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
fimbriae - function
Silver stain
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
23. Where are strep viridans normal flora and What do they cause
Both are lactose fermenters - both invade intestinal mucosa and can cause blood diarrhea
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
Sacral ganglia
Cholesterol
24. How do you treat lyme disease
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
antibiotics
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
25. When 1 of 2 viruses that infects the cell has a mutation that results in nonfxnal protein - What is called when the nonmutated makes a fxnal protein that serves both viruses
Prompt oral rehydration
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
osmotic pressure
26. What does Anti HBsAg indicate
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
EBV
Mucor or rhizopus
flaccid paralysis
27. This infxn produces a primary chanre - disseminated rash - or cardiac/neurologic dz in mom and can result in stillbirth - hydrops fetalis or surviving neonates have facial abnl (notched teeth - saddle nose - short maxilla) saber shins - org and trans
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
Staph saprophyticus
Syphillis - sexual contact
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
28. rash beginning at the head and moving down - rash is preceded by cough coryza and conjunctivitis and blue white spots on the buccal mucosa - agent and dz
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Measles rubeola - measles
single- stranded RNA
HHV-8 - KS
29. What does Anti HBcAg (IgM) indicate
Acute/recent infection
rickettsia
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
30. yeast infection
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Plasmodium
HAV - RNA picornavirus
candidiasis
31. What does shiga toxin do and what bugs produce it
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
Neuraminidase
32. How does mucomycosis present clinically
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
33. What does PAS actually stain for
Mycobacterium
what peptidoglycan is composed of
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
flaccid paralysis
34. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 400
Doxycycline
penetration (B)
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
Oral thrush - tinea pedis - reactivation VZV - reactivation TB - bacterial infxns (H flu - S pneumo - Salmonella)
35. What kind of genome does HIV have
Dipoid RNA
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
CMV - RSV
36. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
Clonorchis sinensis
IVDU
Francesco Redi - experiment
37. What are the laboratory findings of legionella
flagella
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
38. What is the TX for sporthrix
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
protozoan infections (5)
plasmid - definition
39. What can cause food poisoning in reheated rice
replication for prokaryotes
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
Strep pneumo and viridans
B. cereus
40. CO2 concentration and temperature
Bacteria - STD
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
Owl's eye inculsions
41. variola - lots of spots
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
chemical synthesis...
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
Rotavirus - adenovirus - norwalk virus
42. PNA in children 4wks to 18yrs
Measles
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Vagina
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
43. Blue
Genetic drift - epidemic
capsid is composed of...
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
not acid- fast - colo
44. Has a phospholipid bilayer - is semi- permeable (nutrients in - waste out) - lack carbohydrates and sterols - acts as a barrier to the outside - ATP production occurs here
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
spiral
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
45. Which DNA virus is not icosahedral
gas gangrene
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
Pox - complex
Guillain barre
46. rubeola - lots of spots
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
Paramyxovirus; measles
eukaryotic organelles (5)
they are eukaryotes
47. Animals - plants - fungi - and protists
eukarya domain
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Croup - seal like barking cough
archaea domain
48. What serum markers are present in Chronic Hep B with high infectivity
Borrelia burgdorferi
bacteriology
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
49. Rod- shaped
acid- fast - color
bacillus
Francesco Redi
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
50. Ability to move via flagella
motility of bacteria
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Anaerobes
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B