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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the organism and histological findings for ehrliciosis
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
2. Which neisseria has a polysaccharide capsule
cilia - function
HEV
Robert Hooke
Meningococci
3. What kind of immunity to killed/inactivated viral vaccines induce - and What is the benefit
Fever - rash - shock - S aureas - TSST-1
Only humoral - stable
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
IL-1 - lever - TNF - fever/hemorrhagic tissue necrosis - NO - hypotension
4. How do group B strep grow on blood agar
Beta hemolytic
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Fever - rash - shock - S aureas - TSST-1
Mycoplasma - have sterols
5. What are the two reoviruses and What do they cause
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
R. typhi
Negative
6. What stain shows legionella
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
Silver stain
Prior HAV infection - protects against reinfection
7. superficial vascular proliferation in an HIV pos pts where biopsy reveals neutrophilic inflammation
dormant
Bartonella henselae
Mononuclear cells
S. epidermidis
8. Which flaviviruses are also arboviruses and which are not
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
Pneumocystis jerovici
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
9. Infects prosthetic devices and intravenous catheters by producing adherent biofilms - what bacteria and where do you normally find it
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
Heat labile toxin
arrangements of bacteria
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
10. What are the gram pos coccus (genus)
Mice - deer
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Streptococcus - staphylococus
11. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 400
Oral thrush - tinea pedis - reactivation VZV - reactivation TB - bacterial infxns (H flu - S pneumo - Salmonella)
endocytosis...
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
Severe bacteremia - death
12. Are atypical lymphocytes actually atypical?
Spikes
Borrelia burgdorferi - transmited by Ixodes - erythema chronicum migrans (bulls eye rash with central clearing) effects joints - CNS and heart
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
No they are T cells reacting to EBV infected cells
13. Fever and chills
M. avium intracellulare
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
malaria symptoms
simple staining of bacteria
14. fever - lymphadenopathy - skin rashes - condylomata lata - org and dz
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Dark field microscopy
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
Robert Hooke
15. Death of tissue
necrosis
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
16. How do bacterial capsules function
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
C. perfringens
Group B strep
17. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the lag phase
lysis
Metabolic activity without division
Group B strep - E. coli
gas gangrene
18. What is in pneumovax
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
Borrelia burgdorferi
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
19. Cat scratch disease - can cause bacillary angiomatosis in immuncoCised patients - can be confused with KS
HCV
in prokaryotic cell membranes -
Bartonella sp
cell wall - function
20. What species causes bloody diarrhea - is lactose neg - and had flagellar motility
Salmonella
Diphyllobothrium latum
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
21. Campylobacter is a common antecedent to what neurologic disorder
Pseudomonas
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
Guillain barre
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
22. Cyst with four nuclei
Entamoeba hisotlytica
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
protista kingdom
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves
23. intestinal nematode causing infection - eggs are visible in feces - org - tx
Rabies
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
peptidoglycan - definition
microaerophilic
24. Water movement with hypotonic solution or hypertonic solution
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
osmotic pressure
Rose gardner's
25. What does listeria infection cause
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
Doxycycline
10 to 12
26. What bug grows on tellurite plate - lofflers media
Trigeminal ganglia
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
C. diptheriae
Pasteurella multocida
27. Capitalized/italics or underlined
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
genus
28. What C. diptheria grows on...
protozoa (3)
HBV from needle stick
dormant
Tellurite agar
29. Which kind of neisseria is sexually transmitted
C. perfringens
Gonococci
Pseudomonas
Borrelia burgdorferi
30. dog or cat bite
CMV
100 micrometers
Pasteurella multocida
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
31. Eukaryotic and non - photosynthetic; can produce asexual and sexual spores
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
fungi
32. yeast - molds - mushrooms
fungi kingdom
Common cold
Severe bacteremia - death
Gardnerella vaginalis
33. What bacteria causes Lyme disease - How is transmitted - How does it present - and what other systems does it effect
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
Borrelia burgdorferi - transmited by Ixodes - erythema chronicum migrans (bulls eye rash with central clearing) effects joints - CNS and heart
HAV - RNA picornavirus
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
34. ___ percent of infected illnesses are caused by ___
Preallergic lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination - reactivation in adult life
Clonorchis sinensis
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
60%; viruses
35. Are there carriers for HDV
Yes
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
Paragonimus westermani
36. How do rabies virus reach the CNS
Francisella tularenis
archaea domain
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
Staph or H. flu
37. Cell is in a hypertonic solution and cytoplasm shrinks
oral yeast infections =
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
plasmolysis
Entamoeba hisotlytica
38. Amoebic dysentry - giardia - trichomoniasis - malaria - toxplasmosis
Heat labile toxin
protozoan infections (5)
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
helical shape - definition
39. Non - hodgkin lymphoma large cell type often in oropharynx (waldeyer's ring) of HIV pos pt
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
EBV
H flu type B
Pasteurella multocida
40. What bacteria are considered enterococci - where are they found - and What do they cause
Yersinia enterocolitica
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
41. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
M. kansasii
Francesco Redi - experiment
42. Alcohol dehydrates peptidoglycan - CV-I crystals do not leave
gram- positive stain - explanation
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
three domains of microorganisms
Cryptosporidium
43. Chronic watery diarrhea in HIV pos pt with acid fast cysts seen in stool
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever
Cryptosporidium
Bartonella sp
oxygen requirements of bacteria
44. What does p24 do
aerobic
Capsid protein
S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
45. Osteomyelitis in the vertebrae
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46. What is the technique to visualize treponema
Borrelia recurrentis
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
47. What neisseria is there a vaccine for
protozoan infections (5)
bacteriology
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
Meningococci
48. traumatic open wound
C. perfringens
Sexual activity - but not an STI
eukaryotic organelles - definition
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
49. What serum markers indicate Hep B recovery
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
Bartonella sp
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
gram- positive stain - color
50. Is there person to person transmissino of legionella and What is the TX
Bacterial superinfection
five fields of microbiology
No - erythromycin
cytoplasm - definition