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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the treatment for syphillis
Pen
gram- positive stain - explanation
viral shapes
Entertoxigenic E. coli
2. Ringworm - athlete's food - jock itch
Neuraminidase
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
fungal infection examples (3)
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
3. What other disease can mesenteric adenitis mimic
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Acute/recent infection
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
Crohns or appendicitis
4. What organisms stain with Ziehl - Neelson
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
IgG Anti - HBcAg
Acid fast organisms
5. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
Francesco Redi - experiment
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
6. Giardia lamblia - attaches to the intestinal cell wall via a sucker disk - causes severe diarrhea - is shed in the feces of wil animals
assembly (AV)
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
in prokaryotic cell membranes -
giardia
7. Apiration PNA - orgs
Anaerobes
Cool temps - infects skin and superficial nerves - armadillos
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR
Actinomyces and nocardia
8. Pink
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
acid- fast - color
protozoa (3)
9. Which are the naked viruses
M. tuberculosis
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
10. What species producing watery diarrhea produce St and LT toxins - and is the main cause of travelers diarrhea
malaria
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
Entertoxigenic E. coli
11. Infects prosthetic devices and intravenous catheters by producing adherent biofilms - what bacteria and where do you normally find it
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
Permanently disables causing whooping cough via induction of cAMP - turns the off off
12. The host cell's plasma membrane
envelope is composed of...
E. Coli
Campylobacter
Pasteurella multocida
13. This fungi forms broad based buds - causes inflammatory lung diease and can disseminate to skin and bone - forms granulomatous nodules - Where is endemic
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Measles rubeola - measles
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
14. 1765 - experiment - Nutrient broth placed in flask - sealed - then heated => no microbial growth
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
Lazzaro Spallanzani
15. What OI/disease occurs in the brain of AIDS pts
gram stain - definition
S. epidermidis
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
Klebsiella granulomatis
16. Long rods that can be rigid or flexible
helical shape - definition
Actinomyces israeli
golgi complex - function
HEV
17. What is legionnaires disease
VDRL screens and FTA- ABS
HCV
Severe pneumonia
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
18. PNA in adults 18yrs to 40yrs
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
Dipicolinic acid
Sacral ganglia
animal kingdom
19. What bugs are obligate aerobes
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
HBV from needle stick
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
20. This infxn produces a primary chanre - disseminated rash - or cardiac/neurologic dz in mom and can result in stillbirth - hydrops fetalis or surviving neonates have facial abnl (notched teeth - saddle nose - short maxilla) saber shins - org and trans
Syphillis - sexual contact
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
Saucer shaped yeast forms
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
21. 2nd leading cause of community acquired UTI among sexually active women
Strep pneumo and viridans
Staph saprophyticus
Rapid cell division
DNA hepadnavirus
22. Why are pregnant women told to avoid cats
Toxo crosses the placenta
Actinomyces
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
gram- negative cell wall
23. Tightly coiled
ELISA test is sensitive but high false pos rates and low threshold - RULE OUT test - pos test are confirmed with western blot - High false neg - high threshold
spiral - spirochete
All of them
commercial applications
24. What bug grows on thayer - martin (or VPN) media - What does VPN stand for
HBC - hepatitis B
N. gonorrhea - vancomycin (inhibits gram pos) polymyxin (inhibits gram neg) - nystatin (inhibits fungi)
Metabolic activity without division
gram- positive stain - color
25. What organisms do Giemsa stain pick up
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
lysis
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
Malignant otitis externa
26. What bugs are obligate intracellulars and why
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27. yeast and mold
Rotavirus - adenovirus - norwalk virus
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
28. What are prion disease caused by
acid- fast - color
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
HBV from needle stick
29. How is chlamydia DX is lab
Endothelium swells and narrows lumen - leading to mechanical hemolysis and reduced renal blood flow - damaged endothelium consumes platelets
Robert Koch
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
30. What is the nl flora in the oropharynx
Viridans group streptococci
specific
endospores - definition
Cholesterol
31. What does the quellung reaction test for and What does a positive result indicate
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
Legionella
structures of prokaryotic cell
glycocalyx - function
32. Sick cell trait
HHV 6 - roseola
Group B strep
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
Mycobacterium
33. Which DNA virus is not icosahedral
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
JC virus causing PML
Reassortment
Pox - complex
34. How is the presumptive HIV diagnosis made
Koch's Postulates 4
ELISA test is sensitive but high false pos rates and low threshold - RULE OUT test - pos test are confirmed with western blot - High false neg - high threshold
animal kingdom
Yersinia pestis
35. What bug produces a blue - green pigment
Haematobium - bladder
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
Envelope proteins
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
36. Cell bursts when cell wall is weak or damaged and is in a hypotonic solution
Clostridia
Elevated CRP and ESR
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
osmotic lysis
37. What is the fever cycle for p. vivax/ovale
halophiles
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
38. Lobe- like projections of the cytoplasm Amoeba
pseudopodia
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
capsid is composed of...
arrangements - diplo
39. What is chlamydia trachomatis - tricky Ts
Bacteria - STD
PCR/Viral load
Proteus - klebsiella - H. pylori - ureaplasma - particular kinds have urease
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
40. painful genital ulcer - inguinal adenopathy- org and dz
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
Envelope proteins
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
41. What causes granuloma inguinale (donovanosis)
Klebsiella granulomatis
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
Koch's Postulates 3
42. What are the laboratory findings of legionella
EBV
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
Severe bacteremia - death
Blocka glycine and GABA release - inhibitory NTs from Renshaw cells in spinal cord
43. Bacillus (aerobic) and clostridium (anaerobic); both are soil organisms (can survive lack of water)
they are eukaryotes
genus
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Killed viral vaccine
44. Animals - plants - fungi - and protists
eukarya domain
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
eukaryotes
Severe bacteremia - death
45. Locomotion (wavelike motion)
Bartonella sp
flagella - function
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
46. Study of fungi
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
mycology
interferon
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
47. What bug grows on lowenstein jensen agar
Posterior cervical lymph nodes
basic shapes of bacteria
M. tuberculosis
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
48. Alcohol dehydrates peptidoglycan - CV-I crystals do not leave
Severe bacteremia - death
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
gram- positive stain - explanation
Dimorphic: yeast with pseudohyphae in culture at 20C - germ tube formation at 37C (diagnostic)
49. surgical wound
Legionella
acid- fast - color
S. aureus
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
50. ulcers - lymphadenopathy - rectal strictures - org and dz
histoplasmosis
specific
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum