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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. meningitis in children (6 months - 6 yrs)
Syphillis - sexual contact
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
2. Unimmunized child with pharyngitis - grayish oropharyngeal pseudomembrane which can obstruct the airway - painful throat
osmotic pressure
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
C. diptheriae
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
3. ___ on envelope can be used for identification
Spikes
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Campylocobacter jejuni
4. What specific infections are likely to be staph aureus
Enteroinvasive E. coli
Severe bacteremia - death
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
giardia
5. Ability to move via flagella
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Lazzaro Spallanzani
motility of bacteria
Bacillus anthracis
6. Prokaryotes that lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls and often live in extreme conditions
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
archaea domain
Scarlet fever - toxic shock - like syndrome
malaria symptoms
7. Which DNA virus does not replicate in the nucleus
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
Many treponemas
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
8. What associations go with listeria monocytogenes
Pseudomonas
Rose gardner's
Acid fast organisms
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
9. What is the fever cycle for p. vivax/ovale
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
commercial applications
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
bacteria domain
10. yeast - molds - mushrooms
fungi kingdom
Pseudomonas
replication for prokaryotes
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
11. Where are spores of C. botulinum found
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
hyperthermophiles
H. flu
12. What s. aureus infection is an imporant cause of serious nosocomial and community- acquired infections
Lazzaro Spallanzani
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
plasmid - function
13. What does parainfluenza cause
species
Croup - seal like barking cough
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
mitochondria - function
14. Chemical synthesis and food industry
commercial applications
Toxoid vaccine
production of beer and wine
what many pathogenic fungi are
15. Tularemia - tick bite - rabbits and deer
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
Francisella tularenis
cytoplasm - definition
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
16. Erythematous - sandpaper - like rahs with fever and sore throat - agent and dz
Pen
endospores - definition
PHV
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
17. What species producing bloody diarrhea has a serotype O157:H7 - can cause HUS and makes shiga like toxin
Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli
Yersinia pestis
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
food industry
18. What does a UTI that ascends to the kidneys result in
bacteria domain
PHV
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
19. What are characteristics of obligate anaerobes
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
Foul smelling (short chain fatty acids) - difficult to culture - produce gas in tissues (CO2 - H2)
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
20. What serum markers indicate Hep B recovery
No - erythromycin
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
21. Extreme heat/cold - dehydration - radiation (UV light) - toxic chemicals
CMV - RSV
Measles
endospores are resistant to (4)
Klebsiella
22. A molecule unique to bacteria that gives the cell strength to resist breakage
Coagulation cascade - DIC
bacillus
peptidoglycan - definition
Diphyllobothrium latum
23. Respiratory therapy equipment is risk factor For what nosocomial infection
medical important mycobacteria
Pseudomonas
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
24. What cancers are associated with EBV virus
chlamydia
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
C. diptheriae
25. What HIV parameter allows providers to monitor effect of durg therapy
eukaryotic organelles (5)
gram stain - definition
Aseptic meningitis
PCR/Viral load
26. What are the viral causes of meningitis
VZV - chickenpox
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
27. What 3 things cause rash on palms and soles
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Legionella
M. avium intracellulare
humans do not have
28. cestode causing intestinal tapeworms - org - transmission - tx
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
Many treponemas
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
29. What acid is in the spore core
algology
red algae make
Dipicolinic acid
Does not ferment sorbitol
30. All living things are composed of cells
double- stranded DNA
gas gangrene
Cell Theory
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
31. taenia solium - tricky Ts
Rubella german measles
E. Coli
golgi complex - function
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
32. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the bacterial capsule
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
HSV-2 - genital herpes
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
33. Purple
Francisella tularenis
Elevated CRP and ESR
gram- positive stain - color
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
34. What sugars do the various neisseria bacteria ferment and what enzyme do they both produce
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
35. What treatment is required for cholera
Prompt oral rehydration
plasmid - function
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
36. Where do RNA viruses replicate
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
uncoating (AV)
Severe pneumonia
37. What is the mode of transmission of salmonella and shigella
C. diptheriae
Food - fingers - feces - flies
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
38. Some strains of this organism causing UTI produce red pigment - they are often nosocomial and drug resistant
Wound and burn infectinos - Pneumonia in CF - sepsis - external otitis (swimmer's ear) - UTI - drug use and diabetic osteomyelitis and hot tub follculitis
Serratia marcescens
fungi kingdom
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
39. Microbes (yeast) are responsible for fermentation
interferon
Does not ferment sorbitol
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
production of beer and wine
40. Bugs in hospital acquired PNA
Type B protease IgA
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
Sterility
Staph or enteric GNR
41. 48 hr cyclic fever - HA - splenomegaly - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
Klebsiella pneumo
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
Superantigen
42. Recurrent fever from variable surface antigen - transmitted by louse
Actinomyces and nocardia
Borrelia recurrentis
Envelope proteins
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
43. What species causing watery diarrhea is comma shaped organism producing a rice water diarrhea
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
Surfers in the tropics
spiral - spirochete
Virbrio cholera
44. Which kind of viral vaccine requires a booster
C. perfringens
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
cell membrane - definition
Killed/inactivated
45. Osteomyelitis in sickle cell
Mycobacterium TB (Pott's dz)
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
Salmonella
Koch's Postulates 2
46. What toxin from E. Coli induces cAMP
Killed viral vaccine
Heat labile toxin
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
3 groups in archaea
47. What does coxaskcievirus do
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Paramyxovirus; measles
48. Which are the HHAPPPPy viruses
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
49. What causes granuloma inguinale (donovanosis)
Klebsiella granulomatis
fungi kingdom
replication for prokaryotes
Measles
50. Why is anthrax called woolsorters disease
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
HCV
Cryptosporidium