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Microbiology

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What shape are s pneumo - do they have a capsule and what protease do they have
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
Toxin A - enterotoxin binds to brush border of the gut - Toxin B - cytotoxin - destroys the cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes - causing pseudomembranous colitis

2. Ribosomes - chromosomes - plasmid - cytoplasm
algae characteristics (3)
in prokaryotic cell membranes -
lipids (fats) =
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile

3. What is the TX for candidiasis
M. kansasii
Francesco Redi
infection process of animal viruses (6)
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic

4. What are agryll roberston pupils
acid- fast organism - definition
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
Children
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV

5. Svedberg units
Meningococci
S - definition
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella

6. transmitted fecal - oral - short incubation - no carriers usually asymptomatic - hep virus and family
Bat - racoon - skunk
HAV - RNA picornavirus
Antigen in urine
malaria prevention

7. PNA in immunCised
capsid - definition
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
malaria
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator

8. Size - cell structure - replication
protista kingdom
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus

9. Botulism - prevents contraction of muscles - SIDS
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
Clostridium botulinum
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool

10. What does candida result in with immunoCised pts
Staph saprophyticus
Acid fast organisms
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Oral and esophageal thrush

11. What are the 3 structural proteins coded for by the HIV genome
nucleus
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
gram- negative stain - color
Env - gp120 and gp41 - gag - p24 - pol - reverse transcriptase

12. What Oi/disease occurs on the genitals of AIDS pts
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia

13. What kind of virus and family are HBV
DNA hepadnavirus
EBV
replication for eukaryotes
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles

14. Which DNA viruses are not linear
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Tellurite agar
S. aureus

15. What are the gram pos coccus (genus)
Actinomyces and nocardia
Klebsiella
HEV
Streptococcus - staphylococus

16. What is the TX for pseudomonas
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
five kingdoms of microorganisms
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)

17. Prokaryotes
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
John Needham - experiment
HIV - sexual
bacteria domain

18. Chronic watery diarrhea in HIV pos pt with acid fast cysts seen in stool
malaria symptoms
Cryptosporidium
characteristics of bacteria (5)
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)

19. What bug produces a red pigment
Serratia
DNA hepadnavirus
envelope is composed of...
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis

20. Bats can carry _____ - but birds do not
taxonomic hierarchy
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
histoplasmosis
ASO titer

21. How are mucor and rhizopus diagnosed in the lab
peptidoglycan - definition
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis

22. What prophylactic treatment is given to AIDS pts to prevent M. avium intracellulare
Azithromycin
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep

23. Ringworm - athlete's food - jock itch
Tetracycline or erythromycin
staining of bacteria
Rifampin
fungal infection examples (3)

24. What does group B strep produce and What does it cause
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
uncoating (AV)
cell wall - function
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus

25. Hairy leukoplakia often on lateral tongue in HIV pos pt
EBV
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
Fever - rash - shock - S aureas - TSST-1
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus

26. Which kind of viral vaccine requires a booster
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
Shigella
Killed/inactivated

27. trematodes causing granulomas - fibrosis - inflammation of spleen and liver - org - host - transmission - tx
aerobic
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes

28. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in mom or has vesicular lesions and causes temporal encephalitis - and vesicular lesions in the neonate - org and transmission
Dark field microscopy
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
food industry
HSV - skin or mucous membrance contact

29. microcytic anemia - parasite
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Ancylostoma - necator
Aseptic meningitis
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)

30. What components make up the naked icosahedral viral structure
Both are lactose fermenters - both invade intestinal mucosa and can cause blood diarrhea
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid

31. What test is done with a smear of an openedskin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells and What is used for
Actinomyces israeli
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
H flu type B

32. What does p24 do
Capsid protein
bacteria domain
cytoplasm - definition
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis - lung cavity aspergilloma 'fungus ball' invasice aspergillosis in immunoCised pts and those with chronic granulomatous disease

33. Recurrent fever from variable surface antigen - transmitted by louse
differential staining example
Prompt oral rehydration
Borrelia recurrentis
Pharyngitis - cellulitis - impetigo

34. What are the 4 Cs of HCV
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers

35. Capsule outside cell wall - usually sticky - composed of polysaccharide and/or polypeptide
glycocalyx - description
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
Pseudomonas
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella

36. What bug produces a blue - green pigment
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
Double zone of hemolysis
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
Itraconazole or potassium iodide

37. Paramecium
coccus
cilia
VDRL screens and FTA- ABS
pili - function

38. What is Treponema - tricky Ts
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Robert Koch
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Campylobacter

39. yeast - molds - mushrooms
fungi kingdom
replication (B)
Rubella
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator

40. Why is there no vaccine for gonococci
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Campylocobacter jejuni
DNA hepadnavirus
H flu type B

41. What is the course of illness with food poisoning from S. aurues and B. cereus
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
gram- negative stain - color
Starts quickly and ends quickly
hypotonic solution

42. A natural antiviral protein produced during viral infection which stops replication of virus
Bartonella sp
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis - lung cavity aspergilloma 'fungus ball' invasice aspergillosis in immunoCised pts and those with chronic granulomatous disease
interferon
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone

43. Came up with the Endosymbiotic Theory
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea

44. Protozoans - primitive algae (single cell)
Actinomyces
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
protista kingdom
Crohns or appendicitis

45. What is the pathophys of tinea versicolor
Negative
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
HHV-8 - KS
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather

46. What is the presentation of EIEC and What is the mechanism of the toxin
facultative
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
Lower lobe

47. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 200
endospores are resistant to (4)
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
3 groups in archaea
Campylocobacter jejuni

48. Some algae
Genetic drift - epidemic
Pseudomonas
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
plant kingdom

49. What bug grows on lowenstein jensen agar
M. tuberculosis
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Crohns or appendicitis
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection

50. With staph grown on novobiocin - Which is resistant and Which is sensitive
Bacterial superinfection
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley