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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How do you distinguish EHEC from other kinds of E. Coli
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane
Does not ferment sorbitol
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
lysis
2. Requires absence of oxygen
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
Coagulation cascade - DIC
anaerobic
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
3. Membrane- bound - cellular structures that perform a function - analogous to organs in the body
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
eukaryotic organelles - definition
4. What is the fever cycle for p. vivax/ovale
Klebsiella granulomatis
H. flu
coccus
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
5. When is H flu vaccine give
Between 2 and 18 months
algology
Treponema
Only borrelia
6. What is the lab diagnosis of C. dipetheria
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
humans do not have
double- stranded DNA
CMV retinitis
7. What feature of influenza virus promotes progeny virion release
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
Trigeminal ganglia
Viral gastroenteritis
Neuraminidase
8. Hyperalimentation is a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Smallpox - although eradicated - could be used in germ warfare Vaccinia - cowpox 'milkmaid's blisters' Molluscum contagiosum - flesh colored dome lesions with central dimple
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
Candida albicans
Pasteurella multocida
9. How are mucor and rhizopus diagnosed in the lab
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
Measles
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
10. Larger bacteria engulf smaller bacteria; these small bacteria may be our present- day mitochondria and chloroplasts
halophiles
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
Endosymbiotic Theory
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
11. What is the nl flora of the vagina
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Surfers in the tropics
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
chromosomes in nucleus are...
12. dog or cat bite
Bacterial superinfection
ABC
Pseudomonas
Pasteurella multocida
13. What is the most invasive H flu disease caused by and what virulence factor does it produce
Mucor or rhizopus
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
John Needham - experiment
Type B protease IgA
14. Capsid is removed to release nucleic acid
Dipicolinic acid
uncoating (AV)
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
dormant
15. Which DNA virus is not icosahedral
Pox - complex
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
Staph make it - strep don't
Double zone of hemolysis
16. What malignancy is pseudomans associated with in diabetics
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
biogenesis
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
Malignant otitis externa
17. Which are the DNA enveloped viruses
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
Pseudomonas
No cell wall
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
18. hemoptysis - parasite
Croup - seal like barking cough
Paragonimus westermani
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
R. typhi
19. What is the only bacterium with a polypeptide capsule and and What does it cause
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
B anthracis - anthrax - cutaneous is black eschar ulcer (painless) can progress to bacteremia or death - pulmonary anthrax is inhalation of spores producing flu - like sx that rapidly progress to fever pulmonary hemorrhage - mediastinitis and shock
Can't make their own ATP - cause mucosal infections
endospores are resistant to (4)
20. Methanogens - halophiles - and hyperthermophiles
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
3 groups in archaea
H flu
Protein A - S. aureus
21. protozoa causing spiking fevers - hepatosplenomegaly - pancytopenia - dz - org - transmission - dx - tx
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
Pets - treat with topical azoles
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
22. Glycocalyx - flagella - fimbriae - pili - cell wall
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
structures of prokaryotic cell
malaria symptoms
23. What Abx does the gram neg outer membance inhbit entry of - but which derivatives of that same class might they be sensitive to...
HBsAg - HBeAg - IgM - Anti - HBcAg
fimbriae - function
Chlamydia trachomatis
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
24. What does Anti HBcAg (IgM) indicate
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
All except coxiella are via arthropod
Acute/recent infection
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
25. This bacteria is a majore cause of bloody diarrhea - esp in children - fecal - oral transmission through mean (poultry - met unspasteurized milk
Lower lobe
Cyanophora paradoxa
Campylocobacter jejuni
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
26. Toxic effect with oysters and mollusks
Cryptosporidium
red tide
Attachment to host T cell
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
27. Bugs in hospital acquired PNA
Candida albicans
Staph or enteric GNR
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
EBV
28. Protein synthesis
ribosomes - function
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
helical shape - definition
All except coxiella are via arthropod
29. intestinal nematode causing inflammation of muscle - periorbital edema - org - transmission - dx - tx
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
Schistosoma haematobium
30. How does miliary TB occur and what happens
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Severe bacteremia - death
Caused by bacteria Rickettsia prowazekki - rickettsia typhi - rickettsia tsutsugamushi
fimbriae - function
31. Osteomyelitis in sexually active people can be from
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
bacteriology
Burn wounds - nosocomial pneumonia - pneumonias in cystic fibrosis
32. What titer can detect recent s pyogenes infection
Francisella tularenis
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
ASO titer
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves
33. What serum markers are present in Chronic Hep B with high infectivity
PCR/Viral load
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
34. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in the mother with possible lymphadenopathy - causes chorioretinitis - hydrocephalus - and intracranial calcifications in the neonate - org and transmission
not acid- fast - colo
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
10 to 12
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
35. What is the source of pseudomonas and What does virulence factors does it have
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
36. When do you screen pregnant women and What do you treat them with if they are are pos
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
35 to 37 weeks - intrapartum pen prophylaxis
Schistosoma haematobium
37. What other organism is involved in vaginosis from gardnerella
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
38. This fungi forms broad based buds - causes inflammatory lung diease and can disseminate to skin and bone - forms granulomatous nodules - Where is endemic
Capsid protein
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
39. What does group B strep produce and What does it cause
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
HIV - AIDS
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
Cell Theory
40. In What age group is mycoplasma seen - and what groups are outbreaks common
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
spiral
<30 - military - prisons
41. What stain shows legionella
Yes
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin
Silver stain
42. Helical - polyhedral - complex
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
nucleus
viral shapes
Pasteurella multocida
43. Many sided; most common is icosahedron
Cryptosporidium
Clostridium perfringens
polyhedral shape - defintion
Brucella sp
44. foul - smelling greenish vaginal discharge - itching - burning - protozoa - transmission - dx and tx
8 - orthomyoxovirus
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
45. Transmitted by ticks - flulike symptoms with spotted rash; damages cardiovascular system and affects permeability of capillaries resulting in spotted rash
Severe pneumonia
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
Azithromycin
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
46. Will show the difference between two things
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
differential staining of bacteria
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
E. Coli produces beta galactosidase
47. 1765 - experiment - Nutrient broth placed in flask - sealed - then heated => no microbial growth
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Heat labile toxin
48. chronic granulomatous disease
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
spiral - spirochete
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
adsorption (B)
49. Fungus grows on bird droppings - humans inhale spores which infect lungs
histoplasmosis
what peptidoglycan is composed of
Bacillus anthracis
Dimorphic: yeast with pseudohyphae in culture at 20C - germ tube formation at 37C (diagnostic)
50. A molecule unique to bacteria that gives the cell strength to resist breakage
peptidoglycan - definition
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
S. aureus
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Sorry!:) No result found.
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