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Microbiology
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Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 400
Oral thrush - tinea pedis - reactivation VZV - reactivation TB - bacterial infxns (H flu - S pneumo - Salmonella)
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
Mumps virus - mumps
botulism
2. What bacteria requires acid fast stain to visualize
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
3 groups in archaea
Gambiense - rhodesiense
Mycobacterium
3. Are there carriers for HDV
Dark field microscopy
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Yes
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
4. What is the fxn and chemical composition of cell wall/cell membrane in gram positive bacteria
Serratia
Neisseria
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
5. bilateral bells palsy
endospores
Borrelia burgdorferi
D- K
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
6. What components make up the naked icosahedral viral structure
golgi complex - function
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
7. Requires absence of oxygen
Protozoan - STD
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
anaerobic
8. Membrane- bound - cellular structures that perform a function - analogous to organs in the body
Children
Cyanophora paradoxa
species
eukaryotic organelles - definition
9. Pleomorphic gram variable rod that causes vaginosis presenting as gray vaginal discharge with a fishy smell; non painful
Gardnerella vaginalis
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Louis Pasteur
10. What does rubeloa virus cause
Influenza virus
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
11. Basic shapes - arrangements - motility - staining - oxygen requirements
Common cold
characteristics of bacteria (5)
Mice - deer
flaccid paralysis
12. Alcohol dehydrates peptidoglycan - CV-I crystals do not leave
gram- positive stain - explanation
dormant
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
EBV
13. Of the gram neg bacillus - which ones are enterics
Epiglottitis H flu type B
flagella
H. flu
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
14. What is the nl flora of the colon
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
Paramyxovirus; measles
15. Prokaryotes
C tetani
Rifampin
bacteria domain
algae characteristics (3)
16. What virulence factor binds Fc region of Ig - prevents opsonization and phagocytosis and what bug has it
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
Protein A - S. aureus
17. Will show the difference between two things
Sterility
differential staining of bacteria
eukaryotic organelles - definition
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
18. Present- day example of endosymbiosis; live inside an eukaryotic protist
Cyanophora paradoxa
Oral and esophageal thrush
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
19. Water aerosols are a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
M. avium intracellulare
Legionella
C. trachomatis - subactue - often undiagnosed - N. gono - acute with high fever; C. trachomatis is the most common STI in the US
helical shape - definition
20. What is the classical presentation of mycoplasma pneumonia
Insidious onset - HA - non productive cough - diffuse interstitial infiltrate
plasmid - function
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
Reoviridae - rotavirus
21. What are the two reoviruses and What do they cause
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
glycocalyx - description
Vulvuvaginitis
22. Bacteria uses alcohol and produce acetic acid and turns it to vinegar
C tetani
arrangements - staphylo
how wine is spoiled
acid- fast organism - definition
23. What species causes bloody diarrhea is a protozoan
Entamoeba histolytica
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Cyanophora paradoxa
Koch's Postulates 3
24. What does HBsAg indicate
Group B strep - E. coli
Salmonella
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
25. What cell wall structures are found only in gram pos bacteria
Klebsiella
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
Teichoic acid
26. Strict anaerobes that produce methane from CO2 and H
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
methanogens
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
27. what bug grows on charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine
Legionella
Candida and aspergillus
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
staining of bacteria
28. Low grade fever - cough - hepatosplenomegaly in HIV pts with oval yeast cells within macrophages
Pseudomonas
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
Histoplasmosis
29. What 3 things cause rash on palms and soles
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
arrangements - staphylo
30. How is listeria acquired - What does it form - and How is motility characterized
Group B strep
Dimorphic: yeast with pseudohyphae in culture at 20C - germ tube formation at 37C (diagnostic)
Recombination
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
31. Thrush
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
oral yeast infections =
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
German measles - fever - posauricular tenderness - lymphadenopathy - arthralgias - fine truncal rash - mild disease in children but serious congenital disease (a TORCH infxn)
32. tissue nematode that causes swelling in the skin and can see worms crawling in the conjunctiva - org - transmission - tx
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
33. Cell is in a hypertonic solution and cytoplasm shrinks
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
JC - progressive mutlifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
mitochondria - function
plasmolysis
34. What are the assiaction of pseudomonas and What can it cause
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35. fluffy white cottage chees lesions in mouth of HIV pos pts with pseudohyphae microscopicallly
Env - gp120 and gp41 - gag - p24 - pol - reverse transcriptase
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
Candida
Genetic shift - pandemic
36. TB like dz in HIV pos pt with CD4 < 50
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
Serratia
Lymph nodes
37. What are the laboratory findings for H Flu
Does not ferment sorbitol
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
Candida
Streptococcus mutans
38. What does pertusses toxin do to Gi
Theory of Biogenesis
Wound and burn infectinos - Pneumonia in CF - sepsis - external otitis (swimmer's ear) - UTI - drug use and diabetic osteomyelitis and hot tub follculitis
Permanently disables causing whooping cough via induction of cAMP - turns the off off
myc/myo means
39. trematode causing inflammation and 2ndary bacterial infection of the lung with hemoptysis - org - transmission - tx
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Tellurite agar
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
40. Long network of tubules continuous with the nuclear envelope
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
germination
red tide
Common cold
41. Dimorphic fungus that lives on vegetation - traumatically introduced into the skin causes local pustule or ulcer with nodules along draining lymphatics - little systemic illness
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
basic shapes of bacteria
Sporothrix schenckii
42. What 3 pathways does endotoxin activate
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
prokaryotes
Rubella
43. What does Anti HBsAg indicate
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
44. What chlamydiae cause reactive arthritis - conjunctivitis - nongonococcal urethritis - PID
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
Chlamydia trachomatis
45. Which two bacteria are gram pos rods forming long braching filaments resembling fungi
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Schistosoma haematobium
Actinomyces and nocardia
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
46. How are mucor and rhizopus diagnosed in the lab
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
replication (B)
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
47. What does adenovirus cause
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
food industry
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
H flu
48. Capsule outside cell wall - usually sticky - composed of polysaccharide and/or polypeptide
Salmonella
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
glycocalyx - description
Paragonimus westermani
49. Is pneumocystis a fungus or a protazoan
R. typhi
Pen
Yeast - protazoan
penetration (B)
50. Locomotion or can move substances along the cell
cilia - function
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
Sorry!:) No result found.
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