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Microbiology

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Study of bacteria
bacteriology
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
uncoating (AV)
motility of bacteria

2. In which age group is the peak incidence for mononucleosis - and how are the reactive cytotoxic T cells termed?
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
eukaryotic organelles (5)
Prompt oral rehydration

3. What is the treatment for tinea versicolor
HHV 6 - roseola
double- stranded RNA
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines

4. Unicellular and facultative
Sterility
yeast
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
nucleus

5. What diseases can HHV-8 cause and What is the route of transmission

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6. Locomotion by rotation of basal body
DNA hepadnavirus
Cryptosporidium
flagella - function
S. pneumo - klebsiella - staph

7. What is the nl flora of the vagina
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin

8. Hypothesis that living organisms arise from preexisting life (what we know is true)
HIV - sexual
Common cold and SARS
biogenesis
Serratia

9. Pasteur's swan - shaped flask kept microbes out but let air in
Theory of Biogenesis
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
PHV

10. Bacteria and cyanobacteria (prokaryotes)
No cell wall
monera kingdom
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
Lynn Margulis - gen. information

11. Infects prosthetic devices and intravenous catheters by producing adherent biofilms - what bacteria and where do you normally find it
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
PHV
chromosomes in nucleus are...
M. kansasii

12. what bug grows pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
Strep pneumo and viridans
Lactose fermenting enterics

13. What is the clinical picture of rheumatic fever

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14. What does aspergillus cause

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15. This fungi causes pneumonia and meningitis can disseminate to bone - cases inc after earthquakes - name of dz - classic histo finding and endemic area
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
fimbriae - function
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules

16. perianal pruritis - parasite
production of beer and wine
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
Enterobius
Antigen in vaccines

17. What must negative stranded viruses do and what must they bring with them to do it
Protozoan - STD
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
lipids (fats) =
Elementary body

18. ulcers - lymphadenopathy - rectal strictures - org and dz
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
Cholesterol
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Toxoid vaccine

19. What kind of exotoxin does bordetella pertussis have and What does it do
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
Tellurite agar
Acute/recent infection
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)

20. Water moves out of the cell - causing cytoplasm to shrink (plasmolysis)
Lymph nodes
Dipoid RNA
hypertonic solution
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules

21. In which pts is it dangerous to give live vaccines to...
Toxplasmosis
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
Permanently disables causing whooping cough via induction of cAMP - turns the off off

22. Where do RNA viruses replicate
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Louis Pasteur
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
trichomoniasis symptoms

23. Contains genetic material (DNA) on chromosomes; largest organelle
IL-1 - lever - TNF - fever/hemorrhagic tissue necrosis - NO - hypotension
All of them
Elevated CRP and ESR
nucleus

24. Protozoans - primitive algae (single cell)
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
protista kingdom
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces

25. Is pneumocystis a fungus or a protazoan
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
Yeast - protazoan

26. intestinal nematode causing inflammation of muscle - periorbital edema - org - transmission - dx - tx
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
lysozyme
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles

27. What is the difference in route of infection of botulism in adults vs babies
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
M. kansasii
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
Theory of Biogenesis

28. What species producing bloody diarrhea has a serotype O157:H7 - can cause HUS and makes shiga like toxin
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
Croup - seal like barking cough

29. What color sputum - and sepsis in which patients is associated with pneumococcus
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
Metabolic activity without division
Virbrio cholera
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy

30. In What age group is mycoplasma seen - and what groups are outbreaks common
Bartonella henselae
B anthracis - anthrax - cutaneous is black eschar ulcer (painless) can progress to bacteremia or death - pulmonary anthrax is inhalation of spores producing flu - like sx that rapidly progress to fever pulmonary hemorrhage - mediastinitis and shock
<30 - military - prisons
PHV

31. surgical wound
endospores are resistant to (4)
infection process of animal viruses (6)
prokaryotes
S. aureus

32. Long network of tubules continuous with the nuclear envelope
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Sporothrix schenckii
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
endoplasmic reticulum - definition

33. What diseases can HHV-6 cause and What is the route of transmission
antibiotics
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
Borrelia burgdorferi

34. What kind of temperatures do m. leprae like - What tissues do they infect - and What is the resevoir in the US
Cool temps - infects skin and superficial nerves - armadillos
genus
Salmonella
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein

35. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae
Dipicolinic acid
flagella - function
medical important mycobacteria
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate

36. 37 celsius
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis

37. trophozoite ring form in RBC
infection process of animal viruses (6)
Pets - treat with topical azoles
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
Plasmodium

38. Brain abscesses in HIV pos pts with ring enhancing lesions on imaging
Toxoplasmosis
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
Anti - HAVAb IgM
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)

39. What disease can HSV 2 cause and What is the route of transmission
HBV
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
ELISA test is sensitive but high false pos rates and low threshold - RULE OUT test - pos test are confirmed with western blot - High false neg - high threshold

40. What test is done with a smear of an openedskin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells and What is used for
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
Rifampin
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
C. perfringens

41. What does inflammatory diseases do staph aureus cause
not acid- fast - colo
Skin infections - organ abscesses - pneumonia
special staining of bacteria
how do viruses take over a host cell?

42. 1673 - First to see microorganisms - marked beginning of microbiology - 'animalcules' - 'father of the microscope'
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

43. No metabolic activity
dormant
Salmonella
L1 - L2 - L3
3 groups in archaea

44. Leading cause of UTI - colonies show metallic sheen on EMB agar
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis
E. coli
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -

45. Low grade fever - cough - hepatosplenomegaly in HIV pts with oval yeast cells within macrophages
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Pasteurella multocida
Double zone of hemolysis
Histoplasmosis

46. Look like molds - but cells are prokaryotic; have filamentous growth and some produce asexual spores; Streptomyces produces geosmin ('fresh dirt' smell) and many antibiotics
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
actinomycetes (3) - description
Mycoplasma
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole

47. Prevents osmotic lysis (cell bursting)
cell wall - function
Edema factor - part of the toxin complex - is an adenylate cyclase
polyhedral shape - defintion
Gardnerella vaginalis

48. Nucleic acid is copied and capsid pieces are made
Bacillus anthracis
replication (AV)
HBC - hepatitis B
gram- positive stain - color

49. In who does HEV have high mortality
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
Superantigen
Pregnant women
Paracoccidioidomycosis

50. Apiration PNA - orgs
Anaerobes
Mycoplasma
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
IL-1 - lever - TNF - fever/hemorrhagic tissue necrosis - NO - hypotension