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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What bug grows on chocolate agar with factors V (NAD+) and X (hematin)
H. flu
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
Yeast - protazoan
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
2. What does rubeloa virus cause
HIV - AIDS
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
3 groups in archaea
viruses
3. PNA in HIV pos pt with CD4 <200
Pneumocystis jerovici
Resistant
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
4. Contains ribosomes and is associated with protein synthesis
Candida
bacillus
rough ER
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
5. atypical PNA
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
endocytosis...
PHV
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
6. What neisseria is there a vaccine for
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
genus
cell membrane - function
Meningococci
7. Where does group B strep colonize
E. Coli produces beta galactosidase
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
Vagina
8. What does anti HAVAb IgG indicate
Prior HAV infection - protects against reinfection
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Klebsiella
9. What are the two forms of Hansens disease and which patients get which
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
Acute/recent infection
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
10. Eukarya - bacteria - and archaea
Staph or enteric GNR
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
three domains of microorganisms
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
11. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
Staph or H. flu
Traveler's diarrhea - labile toxin/stable toxin - no inflammatino or invasion
Resistant
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
12. cestode causing intestinal tapeworms - org - transmission - tx
Candida albicans
CMV - RSV
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
Pox - complex
13. intestinal nematode causing anal pruritis - scotch tape test - org - transmission - tx
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Clostridium perfringens
Entamoeba hisotlytica
CD4 less than or equal to 200 - or HIV pos with AIDS defining conditino like pneumocytsis jerovici or a CD4/CD8 < 1.5
14. How many segments in influenza virus and to what family does it belong
8 - orthomyoxovirus
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
plasmid - definition
acid- fast organism - definition
15. Lytic phage infects bacterium - cleavage of bacterial DNA and synthesis of viral proteins - parts of bacterial chromosome may become packaged in viral capsid
Elementary body
H. flu
viral shapes
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
16. 25 celsius
Parvo - single stranded
Haematobium - bladder
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
17. Vesciular rash on palms and soles with ulcers in oral mucosa - agent and dz
Serratia
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
18. Which are the HHAPPPPy viruses
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
gram- negative cell wall
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
acid- fast organism - definition
19. Apiration PNA - orgs
Anaerobes
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
20. What feature of influenza virus promotes it entry into cells
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
Hemagluttin
Klebsiella pneumo
21. 10 - 100 micrometers
E. coli - proteus
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
eukaryotes
22. fungal infection in diabetic
Tellurite agar
Starts quickly and ends quickly
Mucor or rhizopus
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
23. What is the process of replication for HBV and are there carriers
commercial applications
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
Antigen in urine
24. Where do DNA viruses replicate
Nucleus - except parvovirus
Rubella
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
25. What schistosoma species is associated with squamous cell carcinoma - and of what organi
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
Haematobium - bladder
Guillain barre
Louis Pasteur - experiment
26. What is in pneumovax
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
trichomoniasis symptoms
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
Starts quickly and ends quickly
27. Which DNA virus does not replicate in the nucleus
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
malaria symptoms
28. Alcohol dissolves outer membrane and leaves holes in peptidoglycan - CV-I crystals wash out
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
gram- negative stain - explanation
simple staining of bacteria
29. What is the difference in mechanism between cholera - pertussis and E. coli with anthrax
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
Antigen in vaccines
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
30. Crystal violet- iodine (CV-I) crystals form in cell
penetration (B)
gram stain - definition
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
ribosomes - function
31. Comma- shaped
spiral - vibrio
Francisella tularenis
Malignant otitis externa
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
32. A waxy substance that retains carbolfuchsin
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
mycolic acid - definition
arrangements of bacteria
33. What cell wall structures are found only in gram pos bacteria
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
double- stranded RNA
M. pneumoniae
Teichoic acid
34. What does c perfringens produce and What does it do
Prior HAV infection - protects against reinfection
Double zone of hemolysis
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
Clindamycin or ampicillin
35. What can cause food poisoning in poultry - meat and eggs
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
Salmonella
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
Legionella
36. In What age group is mycoplasma seen - and what groups are outbreaks common
Cholesterol
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
Azithromycin
<30 - military - prisons
37. Non - enveloped virus usually lyses the host cell; enveloped virus takes portion of host cell membrane as envelope which may or may not result in cell lysis
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
release (AV)
necrosis
38. What kind of paralysis does tetanus toxin produce
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
protozoology
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
Metronidazole
39. What happens in tertiary syphillis
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Endothelium swells and narrows lumen - leading to mechanical hemolysis and reduced renal blood flow - damaged endothelium consumes platelets
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
40. Bats can carry _____ - but birds do not
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
histoplasmosis
replication for eukaryotes
CMV - RSV
41. Which are the DNA nucleocapsid viruses
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
42. fever - hemolytic anemia - northeastern US - maltese cross (and ring) - dz - transmission - dx and tx
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
spiral - vibrio
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
43. What is weil's disease
Caused by bacteria Rickettsia prowazekki - rickettsia typhi - rickettsia tsutsugamushi
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
Salmonella
44. Extreme heat/cold - dehydration - radiation (UV light) - toxic chemicals
cell wall - function
endospores are resistant to (4)
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
specific
45. 3rd leading cause of UTI - large mucoid capsule and viscous colonies
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
Klebsiella pneumo
differential staining of bacteria
algae characteristics (3)
46. What are gp120 and gp41 together
protozoa (3)
Muramic acid
Envelope proteins
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
47. What does shiga toxin do and what bugs produce it
Group B strep
pseudopodia
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
48. noninflammatory - malodorous discharge with a fishy smell: pos whiff test and clue cells - org and dz
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
endospores - definition
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
49. What are the symptoms of TB
Actinomyces israeli
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
50. Toxic effect with oysters and mollusks
red tide
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts