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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Giardia lamblia - attaches to the intestinal cell wall via a sucker disk - causes severe diarrhea - is shed in the feces of wil animals
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
Pharyngitis - cellulitis - impetigo
giardia
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200
2. mycobacterium causing disseminated disease in AIDS - resistant to multiple drugs - cannot be grown in vitro
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
M. avium intracellulare
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
3. What does parainfluenza cause
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
Croup - seal like barking cough
species
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
4. Blue - green pigment and fruity odor - usually nosocomial and drug resistant cause of UTI
Bat - racoon - skunk
Yes
Pseudomonas
C. perfringens
5. asplenic pt
EBV
Rheumatic fever - acute glomerulonephritis
Transformation or competence
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
6. Pink
acid- fast - color
Nucleus - except parvovirus
protista kingdom
C. botulinum
7. Which are the RNA enveloped viruses
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
Klebsiella granulomatis
double- stranded DNA
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
8. Which are the DNA enveloped viruses
lipids (fats) =
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
aerobic
9. What does adenovirus cause
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
fungi
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
10. What diseases can HSV 1 cause and What is the route of transmission
Killed/inactivated
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
11. Will show special structures
special staining of bacteria
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
12. In which population does most osteomyelitis occur
cell wall - function
Fungi
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
Children
13. What s. aureus infection is an imporant cause of serious nosocomial and community- acquired infections
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
14. What species causing bloody diarrhea invades colonic mucosa
Enteroinvasive E. coli
B. cereus
Mice - deer
envelope - definition
15. Spaghetti and meatball appearance on KOH prep - dz - organism
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
bacteriophage - definition
malaria symptoms
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
16. Smallest living cell - fried egg appearance of colonies - no cell wall - contain sterols in cell membrane - cause walking pneumonia
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
mycoplasma (5) - description
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
17. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the plasma membrance in bacteria
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer
cell membrane - function
Paramyxovirus; measles
18. What are the obligate anaerobes and What do they lack (and hence suscpetible to)
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
Brucella sp
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
19. What 3 pathways does endotoxin activate
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
cell wall - function
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
smooth ER
20. Where doe HSV1 cells remain latent
Trigeminal ganglia
Acid fast organisms
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
Pseudomonas
21. Which staph make coagulase - and which don't
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
Robert Hooke
flagella - function
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
22. Where does the rickettsiae rash start and Where does the typhus rash start
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
Mycoplasma - have sterols
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
Between 2 and 18 months
23. Osteomyelitis after prosthetic replacement
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
H. flu
24. Lobe- like projections of the cytoplasm Amoeba
endospores - definition
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
pseudopodia
Doxycycline
25. Which DNA virus does not replicate in the nucleus
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Space between cytoplasmic membrane and peptidoglycan wall in gram neg bacteria contains many hydrolytic enzymes - including beta lactamases
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
26. Pairs
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
Salmonella
icosahedron
arrangements - diplo
27. Rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis after swimming - dz - transmission - dx and tx
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
Naegleria fowleri - freshwater lakes through cribiform plate - amoebas in spinal fluid - amphotericin for survivors
Weil Felix test
many humans would test antibody positive for this
28. What are the gram pos coccus (genus)
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
gram stain - definition
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
Streptococcus - staphylococus
29. Mycology - bacteriology - virology - algology - protozoology
five fields of microbiology
Koch's Postulates 2
C tetani
Clostridium perfringens
30. What are patients at risk for during infection with influenza virus
Bacterial superinfection
Serratia marcescens
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
Candida albicans
31. What OI/disease occurs in the brain of AIDS pts
plasmid - definition
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
species
HHV-6 roseola
32. What does infxn with vibrio cholerae produce and How does it produce it
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
taxonomic hierarchy
Only borrelia
33. Herpes - warts
Paragonimus westermani
Dipicolinic acid
double- stranded DNA
Between 2 and 18 months
34. Other than thrush and vaginitis - What are the other clinical manifestations or candidiasis
Rheumatic fever - acute glomerulonephritis
Sterility
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
35. What species causes bloody diarrhea - is lactose neg - and had flagellar motility
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
Salmonella
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
36. Prokaryotes
Clindamycin or ampicillin
All except coxiella are via arthropod
bacteria domain
Malignant otitis externa
37. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
Genetic shift - pandemic
cytoplasm - definition
Resistant
CD4 less than or equal to 200 - or HIV pos with AIDS defining conditino like pneumocytsis jerovici or a CD4/CD8 < 1.5
38. macular rash over the body appears after several days of high fever - usually affects infants - agent and dz
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
HHV 6 - roseola
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
Viridans group streptococci
39. 20 triangular faces and 12 corners
icosahedron
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
amoebic dynsentry
40. protozoa causing spiking fevers - hepatosplenomegaly - pancytopenia - dz - org - transmission - dx - tx
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
Pneumoniae and psittaci
bacteria domain
Enteroinvasive E. coli
41. In which pts is it dangerous to give live vaccines to...
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
Blocka glycine and GABA release - inhibitory NTs from Renshaw cells in spinal cord
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
42. A molecule unique to bacteria that gives the cell strength to resist breakage
Francisella tularenis
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
peptidoglycan - definition
43. which purified viral nucleic acids are infectious and which are not
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
endospores
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
44. What are the 4 Cs of HCV
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
C. botulinum
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
N. gonorrhea - vancomycin (inhibits gram pos) polymyxin (inhibits gram neg) - nystatin (inhibits fungi)
45. Toxoplasma gondii - only sexual phase takes place in intestinal tract of the cat - organism ingested by the cat via infected rodents - humans infected by ingesting undercooked meats or by direct contact with cat feces
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
Toxplasmosis
Measles
Elevated CRP and ESR
46. What Oi/disease occurs on the genitals of AIDS pts
Pasteurella multocida
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
47. which mycobacterium is also pulmonary with TB- like symptoms and not M. tuberculosis
Reoviridae - rotavirus
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
halophiles
M. kansasii
48. What kind of exotoxin does corneybacterium have and What does it do
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
chromosomes in nucleus are...
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
49. Must be able to isolate organism from diseased host and grow organism in pure culture
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50. PNA in adults 18yrs to 40yrs
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
10 to 12
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
Blocka glycine and GABA release - inhibitory NTs from Renshaw cells in spinal cord
Sorry!:) No result found.
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