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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vesciular rash on palms and soles with ulcers in oral mucosa - agent and dz
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
yeast
2. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 200
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
No envelope
3. Intestinal flora that causes lobar pneumonia in alcoholics and diabetics when aspirated
Klebsiella
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Virbrio cholera
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
4. What Abx does the gram neg outer membance inhbit entry of - but which derivatives of that same class might they be sensitive to...
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
H flu
spiral
5. What does vibrio cholerae do to Gs
Actinomyces and nocardia
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
gas gangrene
6. What schistosoma species is associated with squamous cell carcinoma - and of what organi
Pasteurella multocida
Haematobium - bladder
structures of prokaryotic cell
fungi kingdom
7. meningitis in children (6 months - 6 yrs)
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
Strep pneumo - klebesiella - H flu type b - N. meningititides - salmonella - group B strep
Ancylostoma - necator
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
8. Latin american - captain wheel appearance
cilia - function
Paracoccidioidomycosis
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
Schistosoma haematobium
9. What are the different virulence factors in E. coli and What do they cause
Common cold and SARS
VZV - chickenpox
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
10. 1765 - experiment - Nutrient broth placed in flask - sealed - then heated => no microbial growth
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
11. What is the process of replication for HBV and are there carriers
spiral - spirillum
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
oral yeast infections =
Clue cells - or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria visible under the microscope
12. What proteins do the HIV virus bind on T cells and MACS and what confers immunity to HIV
CXCR4 on CD4 cells - CCR5 on CD4 and MACS - homozygous CCRF mutation confer immunity - CCR5 heterozygoes have slower course
8 - orthomyoxovirus
Lepromatous
C. perfringens
13. Long rods that can be rigid or flexible
hyperthermophiles
Bacillus anthracis
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
helical shape - definition
14. Purple
lysis
gram- positive stain - color
Common cold
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
15. Which form of Hansens disease is lethal
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
Lepromatous
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
16. What does Anti HBcAg (IgM) indicate
Legionella
Acute/recent infection
infection process of animal viruses (6)
DNA hepadnavirus
17. How do pneumocystis appear microscopically
Rose gardner's
peptidoglycan - definition
Mice - deer
Saucer shaped yeast forms
18. Which neisseria has a polysaccharide capsule
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
Meningococci
JC - progressive mutlifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
release (AV)
19. Where do VZV cells remain latent
envelope - definition
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
coccus
Klebsiella pneumo
20. B12 def - parasite
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
Rubella
Diphyllobothrium latum
motility of bacteria
21. surgical wound
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
S. aureus
malaria symptoms
assembly (AV)
22. What specific infections are likely to be staph aureus
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
Actinomyces
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block
Borrelia recurrentis
23. hematuria - bladder cancer - parasite
osmotic pressure
Schistosoma haematobium
M. avium intracellulare
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
24. May carry genes for antibiotic resistance - toxin production - synthesis of enzymes
Cryptosporidium
plasmid - function
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
Vulvuvaginitis
25. Study of viruses
chromosomes in nucleus are...
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
HHV-8 - KS
virology
26. transmitted fecal - oral - short incubation - no carriers usually asymptomatic - hep virus and family
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
HAV - RNA picornavirus
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
27. What components make up the eveloped helical viral structure
Histoplasmosis
IVDU
Lymph nodes
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
28. Bacillus - coccus - and spiral
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
basic shapes of bacteria
lysozyme
Borrelia burgdorferi
29. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Resistant
30. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the bacterial glycocalyx
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
Dipicolinic acid
Acute/recent infection
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
31. What is the TX for chlamydia
Azithromycin
interferon
Pseudomonas
Strep bovis - also group D
32. Brain abscesses in HIV - classic triad of chorioretinitis - hydrocephalus - intracranial calcifications - dz - transmission - dx - and tx
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Flulike (acute) - feeling fine (latent) - falling count - final crisis
protozoan infections (5)
33. Unimmunized child with a rash beginning at head and moving down - preceded by cough coryza and conjunctivitis and blue white spots on buccal mucosa
Measles
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
Traveler's diarrhea - labile toxin/stable toxin - no inflammatino or invasion
34. HaemoPhilus causes....
HEV
Parvo - single stranded
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
35. What are the gram neg coccus (genus)
Neisseria
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
fungal infection examples (3)
36. Repeating disaccharide: NAG and NAM
assembly (B)
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
C. perfringens
what peptidoglycan is composed of
37. What aspect of PID is a risk factor fo ectopic pregnancy - infertility - chronic pelvic pain - adhesion
prokaryotes
Salpingitis
spiral - spirillum
E. Coli
38. Blue
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
DNA hepadnavirus
not acid- fast - colo
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
39. Alcohol dissolves outer membrane and leaves holes in peptidoglycan - CV-I crystals wash out
Cryptosporidium
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
gram- negative stain - explanation
Owl's eye inculsions
40. This rash begins at the head and moves down; postauricular lymphadenopathy - agent and dz
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Rubella german measles
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
41. Thick peptidoglycan layer with teichoic acids
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
gram- positive cell wall
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
42. What color is the sputum in klebsiella infxn an besides pneumonia - what else can it cause
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
Staph or H. flu
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
43. What does the chylamidial cell wall lack
Muramic acid
red tide
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
release (B)
44. What are the laboratory findings for H Flu
Neuraminidase
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
45. What does HDV require and What are the possible infxns it can cause
Scarlet fever - toxic shock - like syndrome
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
Muramic acid
46. What can cause food poisoning in improperly canned foods (bulging cans)
C. botulinum
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
Lactose fermenting enterics
S. aureus
47. Thrush
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
oral yeast infections =
48. How does TSST work
golgi complex - function
EBV
Actic polymerization
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
49. What is the fever cycle for p. falciparum
botulism
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
ribosomes - function
CMV
50. What bacteria has protein A and What does it do
C. perfringens
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps