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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What surface protein do all paramyxoviruses contain and What does it cause
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
rough ER
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
2. What is the TX for gardnerella
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
Metronidazole
HEV
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
3. What can cause food poisoning in undercooked meat
E. coli 0157:H7
C. botulinum
Have flagella - disseminate hematogenously - produce H2S - symptoms can be prolonged with Abx - typically a monocytic response
plasmolysis
4. What are the AST/ALT relationships in viral hepatitis vs alcoholic hepatitis
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
5. Problem with food preservation - canning
biogenesis
botulism
special staining of bacteria
Serratia
6. What does p24 do
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
Capsid protein
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
7. meningitis in HIV pos patient with india ink stain revealing yeast with narrow based budding and large capsule
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
Protein synthesis - 30S and 50S subunits
8. How does invasive aspergillosis present in the HIV pos pt
Pasteurella multocida
structures of prokaryotic cell
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
Echinococcus granulosus
9. What species causing bloody diarrhea often causes outbreaks in days care centers and can cause pseudoappendicitis
plasmid - definition
Nucleus - except parvovirus
envelope is composed of...
Yersinia enterocolitica
10. What is the presentation and mechanism of toxin in EHEC
Weil Felix test
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
histoplasmosis
11. What Oi/disease occurs on the genitals of AIDS pts
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
John Needham - experiment
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
12. Where does HIV virus duplicate during latent phase
RNA hepevirs - transmitted enterically and causes water borne epidemics - resembles HAV in course - severity - incubation - high mortality in pregnant women
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Pasteurella multocida
Lymph nodes
13. What bug grows on bordet - genou (potato) agar
Bordetella pertussis
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
14. portal HTN - parasite
Schistosoma mansori
C. botulinum
cilia - function
microbiology
15. What enzyme breaks down lactose and Which bacteria produces it
protozoa (3)
E. Coli produces beta galactosidase
double- stranded RNA
Paracoccidioidomycosis
16. Who mostly gets infected with leptospira
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
Surfers in the tropics
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
Hemagluttin
17. What does Anti HBsAg indicate
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
Cell Theory
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
18. 80S = 60S + 40S
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Muramic acid
Fungi
E. coli - proteus
19. Which flaviviruses are also arboviruses and which are not
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
what envelope contains
Oral and esophageal thrush
20. No ribosomes; synthesizes lipids and steroids - transports and sorts molecules during synthesis
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
archaea domain
smooth ER
Group B strep
21. What are agryll roberston pupils
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
HCV
malaria prevention
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
22. What is Treponema - tricky Ts
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Protozoan - STD
23. Insects - parasitic worms - etc
Pseudomonas
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
R. typhi
animal kingdom
24. Nucleic acid is injected into host cell from the capsid through tail sheath - penetrating host cell membrane by contraction of tail (similar to a syringe)
lipids (fats) =
Killed/inactivated
penetration (B)
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
25. 20 triangular faces and 12 corners
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
icosahedron
Shingles from VZV - kaposi sarcoma from HHV-8
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
26. In which population do paramyxovirus cause disease and What do they cause
Children; parainfluenza (croup seal like barking cough) - mumps - measles and RSV (bronchiolitis - PNA) in infants
malaria
Heat labile toxin
No they are T cells reacting to EBV infected cells
27. What malignancy is pseudomans associated with in diabetics
archaea domain
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200
infection process of animal viruses (6)
Malignant otitis externa
28. Which are the herpesviruses
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
HBV from needle stick
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
29. When do gram pos rods form spores
bacteriophage - definition
Vulvuvaginitis
When nutriets are limited
Measles
30. currant jelly sputum
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
Crohns or appendicitis
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Klebsiella
31. What is the classic triad of infxn with rickettsia and what requirements do they need to grow
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
32. What can PID cause
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
Meningococci
33. What drug is give as prophylaxis for close contacts of of meningococci
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
Rifampin
acid- fast - color
eukaryotes
34. What proteins do the HIV virus bind on T cells and MACS and what confers immunity to HIV
CXCR4 on CD4 cells - CCR5 on CD4 and MACS - homozygous CCRF mutation confer immunity - CCR5 heterozygoes have slower course
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
Cyanophora paradoxa
HSV-2 - genital herpes
35. What are the obligate anaerobes and What do they lack (and hence suscpetible to)
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
Hemagluttin
microbiology
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
36. Which DNA virus is not double stranded
IgG Anti - HBcAg
Surfers in the tropics
Parvo - single stranded
fungal infection examples (3)
37. What viruses make up the arena virus family
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
mycoplasma (5) - description
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
38. What serum markers indicate Hep B recovery
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
39. Which are the naked viruses
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
Muramic acid
E. coli
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR
40. Non - enveloped virus usually lyses the host cell; enveloped virus takes portion of host cell membrane as envelope which may or may not result in cell lysis
fimbriae - function
how do viruses take over a host cell?
Oral and esophageal thrush
release (AV)
41. cestode causing cysts in liver - anaphylaxis when released from cysts - org - transmission - pre - surgical tx - and tx
Yeast - protazoan
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
H flu type B
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR
42. what bug grows on charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
S. aureus
Legionella
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
43. What OI/disease occurs in the brain of AIDS pts
Aseptic meningitis
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
HIV - sexual
44. trematode causing inflammation and 2ndary bacterial infection of the lung with hemoptysis - org - transmission - tx
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
chemical synthesis...
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
45. How does TSST work
acid- fast - color
R. typhi
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
coccus
46. What does group B strep cause
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Measles
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
47. What does neg PPD indicated
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Campylocobacter jejuni
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
48. How is chlamydia DX is lab
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
spontaneous generation example
49. What shape are campylobacter and What are the lab findings
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
Weil Felix test
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Brucella sp
50. What bugs can cause food poisoning from contaminated seafood - and which of these can cause wound infections from contact with contaminated water or shellfish
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
Klebsiella granulomatis
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Bacterial superinfection