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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What kind of result is expected from the Weill Felix test in Q fever
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
Negative
E. coli 0157:H7
2. What bugs are urease pos
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Proteus - klebsiella - H. pylori - ureaplasma - particular kinds have urease
3. Death of tissue
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
B. cereus
necrosis
Rabies
4. What is weil's disease
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
Bordetella pertussis
Legionella
flaccid paralysis
5. Which bacteria make catalase and which do not
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6. 1665 - Reported life's smallest structural units were 'cells' - Cell Theory - lacked staining techniques and resolution to see microbes
special staining of bacteria
Robert Hooke
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
Strep pneumo and viridans
7. transmitted fecal - oral - short incubation - no carriers usually asymptomatic - hep virus and family
Gardnerella vaginalis
Sacral ganglia
HAV - RNA picornavirus
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
8. What does group B strep cause
Nucleus - except parvovirus
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
9. Endospores get into deep puncture wounds - make puncture wounds bleed (oxygen)
three domains of microorganisms
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
tetanus
food thickeners
10. Urinary catheterization is a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
E. coli - proteus
C. perfringens
giardia
basic shapes of bacteria
11. What titer can detect recent s pyogenes infection
L1 - L2 - L3
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
arrangements - diplo
ASO titer
12. Amoebic dysentry - giardia - trichomoniasis - malaria - toxplasmosis
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
protozoan infections (5)
Francisella tularenis
Francesco Redi - experiment
13. How do you treat lyme disease
Capsid protein
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Oral and esophageal thrush
14. Chemical synthesis and food industry
Serratia marcescens
commercial applications
they are eukaryotes
humans do not have
15. Svedberg units
S - definition
algology
Shigella
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
16. What are possible sequelae of measles infxn
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
Bartonella sp
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Can't make their own ATP - cause mucosal infections
17. How is listeria acquired - What does it form - and How is motility characterized
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Neuraminidase
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
18. What is the presentation of EPEC and What is the mechanism
RNA hepevirs - transmitted enterically and causes water borne epidemics - resembles HAV in course - severity - incubation - high mortality in pregnant women
Gonococci
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
19. What happens in secondary syphillis
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
Gambiense - rhodesiense
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
20. Virus is engulfed by host cell
Sporothrix schenckii
endocytosis...
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
21. What bugs can colonize the respiratory mucosa and why
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Louis Pasteur - experiment
commercial applications
22. What is the triad of HUS
Rose gardner's
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
S. aureus
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
23. What does Rubella virus cause
German measles - fever - posauricular tenderness - lymphadenopathy - arthralgias - fine truncal rash - mild disease in children but serious congenital disease (a TORCH infxn)
capsid - definition
food thickeners
differential staining example
24. Histoplasmosis
Vulvuvaginitis
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
many humans would test antibody positive for this
25. This fungi causes pneumonia and meningitis can disseminate to bone - cases inc after earthquakes - name of dz - classic histo finding and endemic area
Pasteurella multocida
glycocalyx - description
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
adsorption (B)
26. What virus is in the rhabdovirus family
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
Heat labile toxin
JC virus causing PML
Rabies
27. Trichamonas vaginalis - tricky Ts
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
Protozoan - STD
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Foul smelling (short chain fatty acids) - difficult to culture - produce gas in tissues (CO2 - H2)
28. What cell wall structures are common to both gram pos and gram neg bacteria
vaginal yeast infections can be caused by this
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
species
29. What kind of virus is the seasonal influenza virus
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
chromosomes in nucleus are...
Killed viral vaccine
Cool temps - infects skin and superficial nerves - armadillos
30. What does the chylamidial cell wall lack
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Muramic acid
animal kingdom
31. varicella - lots of spots
Between 2 and 18 months
replication for eukaryotes
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
32. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
nucleic acid
Francesco Redi - experiment
algae characteristics (3)
Surfers in the tropics
33. What treatment is required for cholera
yeast
Prompt oral rehydration
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
Virbrio cholera
34. What feature is unique to shigella
Anaerobes
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
35. yeast - molds - mushrooms
Treponema - primary syphillis
fungi kingdom
acid- fast - color
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
36. In which population do paramyxovirus cause disease and What do they cause
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Children; parainfluenza (croup seal like barking cough) - mumps - measles and RSV (bronchiolitis - PNA) in infants
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
37. What bug produces a red pigment
Serratia
Neisseria
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
38. Nucleic acid is injected into host cell from the capsid through tail sheath - penetrating host cell membrane by contraction of tail (similar to a syringe)
Koch's Postulates 2
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
penetration (B)
Cell Theory
39. Thin peptidoglycan layer plus an outer membrane
gram- negative cell wall
E. coli 0157:H7
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
Toxo crosses the placenta
40. Fungus grows on bird droppings - humans inhale spores which infect lungs
histoplasmosis
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
41. What cell wall structures are found only in gram pos bacteria
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
Teichoic acid
Superantigen
Borrelia burgdorferi - transmited by Ixodes - erythema chronicum migrans (bulls eye rash with central clearing) effects joints - CNS and heart
42. What bug secretes scarlet fever erythrogenic toxin and What does it cause
Blocka glycine and GABA release - inhibitory NTs from Renshaw cells in spinal cord
Anti - HBsAb
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
Yersinia enterocolitica
43. Which nematodes are ingested
cytoplasm - definition
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
44. How is cryptococcus diagnosed in the lab and Where is it found
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45. What kind of genome does HIV have
mycology
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
Dipoid RNA
46. PNA in elderly
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
S. pneumo - Influenza virus - anaerobies - H flu - GNR
Burn wounds - nosocomial pneumonia - pneumonias in cystic fibrosis
tetanus
47. What bugs can cause food poisoning from contaminated seafood - and which of these can cause wound infections from contact with contaminated water or shellfish
arrangements - strepto...
lipids (fats) =
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
Vagina
48. Which bacteris do not gram stain well because there is no cell wall
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
Mycoplasma
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
49. The study of organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye
microbiology
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
No - erythromycin
50. Which lobe of the lung does primary TB usually occur in
Lower lobe
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
Mycobacterium
species