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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Allows nutrients in - waste out
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
cell membrane - function
Treponema
2. fever - hemolytic anemia - northeastern US - maltese cross (and ring) - dz - transmission - dx and tx
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
Chronic monoarthritis and migratory polyarthritis
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
3. usage of which Abx can lead to c diff.
Clindamycin or ampicillin
Bartonella henselae
Ancylostoma - necator
Superantigen
4. rubella - lots of spots
Smallpox - although eradicated - could be used in germ warfare Vaccinia - cowpox 'milkmaid's blisters' Molluscum contagiosum - flesh colored dome lesions with central dimple
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
Togavirus - german 3 day measles
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
5. What does rubeloa virus cause
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
Neisseria
Klebsiella
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
6. What is the treatment for rickettsiae
Prolonged nutrient depletion and buildup of waste products leads to death
Doxycycline
biogenesis
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
7. toxoplasma - tricky Ts
ABC
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
Lazzaro Spallanzani
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
8. Simple - special - and differential
bacteriology
staining of bacteria
eukaryotic organelles - definition
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
9. How do bacterial capsules function
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
10 to 12
Serratia marcescens
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
10. ____ do no treat viral infections
Treponema - primary syphillis
Toxin A - enterotoxin binds to brush border of the gut - Toxin B - cytotoxin - destroys the cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes - causing pseudomembranous colitis
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
antibiotics
11. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
Rheumatic fever - acute glomerulonephritis
Francesco Redi - experiment
ribosomes - function
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
12. What serum markers are present in Chronic Hep B with high infectivity
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
13. What is the Ghon complex
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
single- stranded DNA
gram- negative stain - color
14. Antiviral drugs exist but are usually very ____
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
specific
oxygen requirements of bacteria
Specialized transduction - an excision event
15. What OI/disease occurs in the eyes of AIDS pts
Scarlet fever - toxic shock - like syndrome
Schistosoma haematobium
CMV retinitis
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
16. What serum makers are present in acute HBV
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
flagella
HBsAg - HBeAg - IgM - Anti - HBcAg
protozoology
17. What species causing bloody diarrhea often causes outbreaks in days care centers and can cause pseudoappendicitis
envelope - definition
Yersinia enterocolitica
Cigar shaped yeast
Borrelia burgdorferi
18. Mitosis and meiosis + cytokinesis
replication for eukaryotes
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Clostridium tetani
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
19. genital warts and koilocytes - org and dz
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
spiral - vibrio
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
replication (AV)
20. perianal pruritis - parasite
HCV
Enterobius
Only borrelia
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
21. What protozoa can cause watery diarrhea
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR
22. 1665 - Reported life's smallest structural units were 'cells' - Cell Theory - lacked staining techniques and resolution to see microbes
Staph saprophyticus
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
Robert Hooke
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
23. What color sputum - and sepsis in which patients is associated with pneumococcus
Clostridia
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
24. What are the symptoms of diptheria
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
25. Low grade fever - cough - hepatosplenomegaly in HIV pts with oval yeast cells within macrophages
Histoplasmosis
Bacterial superinfection
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
EBV
26. This bacteria is a majore cause of bloody diarrhea - esp in children - fecal - oral transmission through mean (poultry - met unspasteurized milk
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
Campylocobacter jejuni
Severe pneumonia
Ring enhancing brain lesions
27. With strep grown on optichin - which are sensitive and which are resistant
Shigella
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
production of beer and wine
28. What are the gram pos coccus (genus)
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
eukaryotes
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
29. What is the classic triad of infxn with rickettsia and what requirements do they need to grow
Severe bacteremia - death
Doxycycline
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
30. Brain abscesses in HIV pos pts with ring enhancing lesions on imaging
Toxoplasmosis
red algae make
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
31. What are the only circular DNA viruses
Vanc resis enterococci and are important cause of nosocomial infection
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
Pseudomonas
S - definition
32. Which nematodes are ingested
bacteria domain
acid- fast - color
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
33. What does poxvirus cause
34. What serum markers indicate Hep B recovery
HBC - hepatitis B
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
C. perfringens
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
35. What does the quellung reaction test for and What does a positive result indicate
Episodes of fever - jaundice and inc AST/ALT
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
Avain resevoir
36. Protein synthesis
Bacillus anthracis
ribosomes - function
IL-1 - lever - TNF - fever/hemorrhagic tissue necrosis - NO - hypotension
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
37. Which gram pos bacteria have branching filamentous morphology
Posterior cervical lymph nodes
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Antigen in urine
envelope is composed of...
38. What is the organism for rocky mountain spotted fever (tick)
what envelope contains
Rickettsia rickettsii
Sterility
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
39. Enzyme that helps destroy cell walls
Syphillis - sexual contact
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
Owl's eye inculsions
lysozyme
40. Which flaviviruses are also arboviruses and which are not
Serratia
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
Lymph nodes
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
41. What are the two reoviruses and What do they cause
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
Staph make it - strep don't
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
genus
42. What does candida result in with diabetic pts and Abx usage
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
B anthracis - anthrax - cutaneous is black eschar ulcer (painless) can progress to bacteremia or death - pulmonary anthrax is inhalation of spores producing flu - like sx that rapidly progress to fever pulmonary hemorrhage - mediastinitis and shock
Vulvuvaginitis
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR
43. Cell walls contain mycolic acid
eukarya domain
acid- fast organism - definition
what many pathogenic fungi are
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
44. What is the TX for h pylori
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
trichomoniasis...
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
45. This rash begins at the head and moves down; postauricular lymphadenopathy - agent and dz
R. typhi
Rubella german measles
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
46. What is endotoxin
No cell wall
Pox - complex
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
47. Spiral
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
spiral - spirillum
fimbriae - function
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
48. What is the TX for rickettsiae
Resistant
Doxycycline
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Negative
49. What is the main complication of mumps
how many degrees celsius for mold?
spiral - spirillum
commercial applications
Sterility
50. What are the obligate anaerobes and What do they lack (and hence suscpetible to)
Mycoplasma - have sterols
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
spiral - vibrio
archaea domain