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Microbiology
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Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Some algae
they are eukaryotes
plant kingdom
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
Serratia marcescens
2. 25 celsius
Salmonella typhi
N. gonorrhea - vancomycin (inhibits gram pos) polymyxin (inhibits gram neg) - nystatin (inhibits fungi)
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
3. 1665 - Reported life's smallest structural units were 'cells' - Cell Theory - lacked staining techniques and resolution to see microbes
Robert Hooke
Fusion and entry
assembly (AV)
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
4. What are the signs of neurosyphillis
Brucella sp
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
lysozyme
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
5. Unimmunized child with fever - dysphagia - drooling - and difficulty breathing due edematous cherry red epiglottis
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
how do viruses take over a host cell?
HDV
6. What does meningococci cause
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
staining of bacteria
Mice - deer
three domains of microorganisms
7. What s. aureus infection is an imporant cause of serious nosocomial and community- acquired infections
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
C. diff
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Pasteurella multocida
8. Mycology - bacteriology - virology - algology - protozoology
Francesco Redi - experiment
Campylocobacter jejuni
Streptococcus - staphylococus
five fields of microbiology
9. varicella - lots of spots
Transformation or competence
Prolonged nutrient depletion and buildup of waste products leads to death
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
10. What are the neg strand RNA viruses
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
HSV - skin or mucous membrance contact
replication for eukaryotes
staining of bacteria
11. PNA in CF - burn
Lepromatous
special staining of bacteria
Pseudomonas
motility of bacteria
12. Where does reactivation TB usually go - and What can precipitate reactivation
bacteriophage - definition
monera kingdom
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
13. What is the nl flora on the skin
S. epidermidis
3 groups in archaea
Protein A - S. aureus
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
14. What question mark shaped bacteria is found in water contaminated with animal urine and What does it cause
Diphyllobothrium latum
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
All except coxiella are via arthropod
lysis
15. Svedberg units
S - definition
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
assembly (B)
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
16. This fungi causes pneumonia and meningitis can disseminate to bone - cases inc after earthquakes - name of dz - classic histo finding and endemic area
Prompt oral rehydration
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
mycology
Louis Pasteur
17. Smallest living cell - fried egg appearance of colonies - no cell wall - contain sterols in cell membrane - cause walking pneumonia
Genetic shift - pandemic
Rotavirus - adenovirus - norwalk virus
gram- negative cell wall
mycoplasma (5) - description
18. In which population do paramyxovirus cause disease and What do they cause
Children; parainfluenza (croup seal like barking cough) - mumps - measles and RSV (bronchiolitis - PNA) in infants
S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus
flaccid paralysis
Chronic disease - positive during window period
19. PNA in HIV pos pt with CD4 <200
Bartonella sp
No - erythromycin
Pneumocystis jerovici
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
20. Which are the RNA enveloped viruses
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
Streptococcus mutans
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
double- stranded DNA
21. What are the lab findings for cholera
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
DNA hepadnavirus
Sacral ganglia
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
22. Lytic phage infects bacterium - cleavage of bacterial DNA and synthesis of viral proteins - parts of bacterial chromosome may become packaged in viral capsid
Haematobium - bladder
Doxycycline
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
M. pneumoniae
23. hematuria - bladder cancer - parasite
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
Endosymbiotic Theory
Crohns or appendicitis
Schistosoma haematobium
24. What are agryll roberston pupils
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
what many pathogenic fungi are
Fungi
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
25. What species producing watery diarrhea produce St and LT toxins - and is the main cause of travelers diarrhea
coccus
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
Entertoxigenic E. coli
26. African sleeping sickness: enlarged lymph nodes - recurring fever - organism - transmission - dx - tx
Shigella
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis
27. What kind of exotoxin does bordetella pertussis have and What does it do
staining of bacteria
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
prokaryotes
antibiotics
28. Smallest a person can see with unaided eye - pen dot
HEV
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.
100 micrometers
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
29. What 3 pathways does endotoxin activate
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
Interfere with host cell function - binding component binds to a receptor on surface of host cell enabling endocytosis - active portion attaches an ADP- ribosyl to a shost cell protein altering protein function
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
bacillus
30. Can be DNA or RNA - never both
Cell Theory
S. pneumo - klebsiella - staph
HHV-8 - KS
nucleic acid
31. Anthrax (wool sorter's disease)
Sexual activity - but not an STI
Bacillus anthracis
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
32. What is a positive Monospot test
Attachment to host T cell
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
plasmolysis
33. Which mycobacterium are acid fast
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
All of them
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
34. Where do CMV cells remain latent
Food - fingers - feces - flies
Mononuclear cells
Yersinia pestis
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer
35. Rupturing of cell
Weil Felix test
lysis
Coagulation cascade - DIC
E. coli - proteus
36. What does reverse transcriptase do in HIV
Synthesized dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
37. What virus is in the rhabdovirus family
hyperthermophiles
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
Rabies
D- K
38. What kind of result is expected from the Weill Felix test in Q fever
Negative
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
Dark field microscopy
gram- negative stain - explanation
39. What does papillomovirus cause
Owl's eye inculsions
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
D- K
40. What is the TX for pseudomonas
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
Does not ferment sorbitol
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
41. A semipermeable phospholipid bilayer containing proteins - carbohydrates - and sterols
humans do not have
cell membrane - definition
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
Clindamycin or ampicillin
42. The mild heating of a substance to kill spoilage organisms (bacteria)
pasteurization
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
structures of prokaryotic cell
43. Hypothesis that living organisms arise from preexisting life (what we know is true)
biogenesis
Pregnant women
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
Theory of Biogenesis
44. Where does HIV virus duplicate during latent phase
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
amoebic dynsentry
oral yeast infections =
Lymph nodes
45. In which pts is it dangerous to give live vaccines to...
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
Muramic acid
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
46. 37 celsius
HHV 6 - roseola
Cmv
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
47. What does the chylamidial cell wall lack
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Muramic acid
48. What protozoa can cause watery diarrhea
Trigeminal ganglia
C. perfringens
Mycoplasma
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
49. 1861 - Disproved spontaneous generation to everyone's satisfaction by demonstrating that microorganisms are present in the air
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
Louis Pasteur
Gallbladder
C. perfringens
50. Osteomyelitis in sexually active people can be from
Borrelia burgdorferi
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
gram- positive stain - color
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
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