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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What other disease can mesenteric adenitis mimic
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
Crohns or appendicitis
arrangements - staphylo
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
2. What cancers are associated with EBV virus
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Common cold and SARS
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
HBV from needle stick
3. What is the fxn and chemical composition of bacterial pilus/fimbria
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
capsid - function
Candida
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
4. Some algae
Envelope proteins
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
fungi
plant kingdom
5. What does norwalk virus do
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
Viral gastroenteritis
6. pus - empyema - abcess
S. aureus
malaria prevention
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
7. What are the three forms of prion diesase
Rheumatic fever - acute glomerulonephritis
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
Many treponemas
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
8. What is the most important global cause of infantile gastroenteritis - what kind of virus is it - and What is the pathophys
peptidoglycan - definition
Neuraminidase
Muramic acid
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes
9. What bug grows on chocolate agar with factors V (NAD+) and X (hematin)
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
H. flu
10. yogurt - bread (yeast) - cheese - beer and wine - sauerkraut
food industry
Pneumocystis jerovici
Lepromatous
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
11. Pseudopodia - cilia - and flagella
Elevated CRP and ESR
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
12. What does HDV require and What are the possible infxns it can cause
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
13. Will show size and arrangement
simple staining of bacteria
Pets - treat with topical azoles
icosahedron
special staining of bacteria
14. encephalopathy in HIV pos pt due to reactivation of latent virus resulting in demyelination
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
JC virus causing PML
EBV
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
15. What kind of paralysis does tetanus toxin produce
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
Rifampin
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
Salmonella
16. What is the presentation and mechanism of toxin in EHEC
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
biogenesis
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
17. In What age group is mycoplasma seen - and what groups are outbreaks common
<30 - military - prisons
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
facultative
what envelope contains
18. Opportunistic infections - KS - lymphoma - orga and dz
bacteriophage - definition
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
HIV - AIDS
Salpingitis
19. What are patients at risk for during infection with influenza virus
Bacterial superinfection
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
CMV - RSV
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
20. What is the pathophys of mucor
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
HIV - sexual
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
N. gono causing gono
21. What kind of immunity to killed/inactivated viral vaccines induce - and What is the benefit
Only humoral - stable
Enterobius
HHV-6 roseola
monera kingdom
22. Site of protein synthesis; some are free in cytoplasm - others are bound to the rough ER
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
ribosomes - function
23. Surrounds the capsid in some viruses
envelope - definition
assembly (B)
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Anti - HBsAb
24. What are gp120 and gp41 together
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
protozoology
cell membrane - function
Envelope proteins
25. Microbes (yeast) are responsible for fermentation
pasteurization
production of beer and wine
Serratia
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
26. hematuria - bladder cancer - parasite
Proteus mirabilis
envelope is composed of...
Schistosoma haematobium
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
27. Who typically gets sporothrix
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28. This fungi causes pneumonia and meningitis can disseminate to bone - cases inc after earthquakes - name of dz - classic histo finding and endemic area
Scarlet fever - toxic shock - like syndrome
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
Metronidazole
humans do not have
29. What is the organism for rocky mountain spotted fever (tick)
No envelope
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Rickettsia rickettsii
medical important mycobacteria
30. Decomposition - starting point of food chains - commercial applications
No - erythromycin
Campylocobacter jejuni
importance of microorganisms
Elementary body
31. What is the main complication of mumps
Legionella
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
Sterility
Strep pneumo and viridans
32. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the bacterial capsule
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
33. Eukarya - bacteria - and archaea
Haematobium - bladder
three domains of microorganisms
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Ancylostoma - necator
34. In which population does most osteomyelitis occur
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
five fields of microbiology
Actinomyces israeli
Children
35. Cilia - flagella - cell wall* - cytoplasm - ribosomes
No cell wall
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
Meningococci
Borrelia recurrentis
36. Ability to move via flagella
motility of bacteria
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
adsorption (B)
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
37. CO2 concentration and temperature
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
Proteus mirabilis
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
38. What features are common to both salmonella and shigella
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
Both are lactose fermenters - both invade intestinal mucosa and can cause blood diarrhea
Rickettsia rickettsii
capsid is composed of...
39. How do you treat lyme disease
Silver stain
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
All of them
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
40. bilateral bells palsy
nucleic acid
necrosis
giardia
Borrelia burgdorferi
41. Osteomyelitis after prosthetic replacement
Klebsiella granulomatis
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
42. Botulism - prevents contraction of muscles - SIDS
staining of bacteria
Recombination
anaerobic
Clostridium botulinum
43. What feature of influenza virus promotes progeny virion release
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
Neuraminidase
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
44. Which DNA virus does not replicate in the nucleus
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
adsorption (AV)
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
45. Why are chlamydiae obligate intracellular
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46. which purified viral nucleic acids are infectious and which are not
Cyanophora paradoxa
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
47. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the stationary phase
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
H. pylori
48. cestode causing cysts in liver - anaphylaxis when released from cysts - org - transmission - pre - surgical tx - and tx
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
49. Thrush
oral yeast infections =
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
Muramic acid
Schistosoma haematobium
50. Mitosis and meiosis + cytokinesis
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
replication for eukaryotes
Candida and aspergillus
Plasmodium