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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Which bacteria make catalase and which do not
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2. When should prophylactic vaccination of rabies vaccination occur
Immediately upon exposure
Starts quickly and ends quickly
germination
Diphyllobothrium latum
3. How is cryptococcus diagnosed in the lab and Where is it found
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4. What is in pneumovax
Palivizumab
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
double- stranded DNA
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
5. What OI/disease occurs in the eyes of AIDS pts
hyperthermophiles
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
CMV retinitis
Anaerobes
6. What are the assiaction of pseudomonas and What can it cause
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7. What malignancy is pseudomans associated with in diabetics
Malignant otitis externa
Trigeminal ganglia
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Candida
8. Is there person to person transmissino of legionella and What is the TX
No - erythromycin
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
pseudopodia
Trigeminal ganglia
9. What is the difference in mechanism between cholera - pertussis and E. coli with anthrax
L1 - L2 - L3
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
Chlamydia trachomatis
HHV-8 - KS
10. What are the 4 phases of HIV
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Flulike (acute) - feeling fine (latent) - falling count - final crisis
cilia - function
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
11. Brain abscesses in HIV pos pts with ring enhancing lesions on imaging
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
Toxoplasmosis
how do viruses take over a host cell?
Double zone of hemolysis
12. Is pneumocystis a fungus or a protazoan
assembly (B)
Yeast - protazoan
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
13. What organisms stain with PAS
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14. Larger bacteria engulf smaller bacteria; these small bacteria may be our present- day mitochondria and chloroplasts
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
Klebsiella
Endosymbiotic Theory
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
15. What specific infections are likely to be staph aureus
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
M. avium intracellulare
Ring enhancing brain lesions
S. pneumo - Influenza virus - anaerobies - H flu - GNR
16. produces tetanospas an exotoxin causing tetanus
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Pseudomonas
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
C tetani
17. This bacteria is a majore cause of bloody diarrhea - esp in children - fecal - oral transmission through mean (poultry - met unspasteurized milk
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
Sporothrix schenckii
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
Campylocobacter jejuni
18. Jaundice - org (sexually transmitted) and dz
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
HBC - hepatitis B
19. 20 triangular faces and 12 corners
chlamydia
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
icosahedron
necrosis
20. What does HBsAg indicate
Enterobius
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
methanogens
Legionella
21. A natural antiviral protein produced during viral infection which stops replication of virus
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Severe pneumonia
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
interferon
22. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in mom or has vesicular lesions and causes temporal encephalitis - and vesicular lesions in the neonate - org and transmission
Ring enhancing brain lesions
HSV - skin or mucous membrance contact
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
23. What happens when macrophages activate macrophages
IL-1 - lever - TNF - fever/hemorrhagic tissue necrosis - NO - hypotension
species
amoebic dynsentry
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
24. 1876 - Germ Theory of Disease - he proved that a specific microbe causes a specific disease; proved that a bacterium caused anthrax and provided Koch's postulates
Killed viral vaccine
Robert Koch
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
25. May carry genes for antibiotic resistance - toxin production - synthesis of enzymes
plasmid - function
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
26. This cause of UTI is often nosocomial and drug resistant
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Enterobacter cloacae
cell wall - function
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
27. What are the lab findings of pseudomonas
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
S - definition
Fever - rash - shock - S aureas - TSST-1
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
28. brain cysts - seizures - parasite
acid- fast - color
staining of bacteria
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
29. Why is the polysaccharide capsule conjugated to a protein
Superantigen
specific
VDRL screens and FTA- ABS
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
30. Which bacteria have no cell wall
production of beer and wine
Cyanophora paradoxa
Mycoplasma - have sterols
C. diptheriae
31. What does candida result in with immunoCised pts
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
Salmonella typhi
Oral and esophageal thrush
32. What does Anti HBsAg indicate
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
rough ER
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
Meningococci
33. What are gp120 and gp41 together
Viridans group streptococci
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
dormant
Envelope proteins
34. yeast infection
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
candidiasis
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Azithromycin
35. Capsid is removed to release nucleic acid
Superantigen
uncoating (AV)
algae characteristics (3)
Chlamydia trachomatis
36. Of the serotypes of chlamydia trachomatis - which cause lymphogranuloma venereum
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
L1 - L2 - L3
Actinomyces isreallii
37. 1765 - experiment - Nutrient broth placed in flask - sealed - then heated => no microbial growth
Killed/inactivated
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer
38. Nucleic acid is injected into host cell from the capsid through tail sheath - penetrating host cell membrane by contraction of tail (similar to a syringe)
halophiles
penetration (B)
Cryptosporidium
Salmonella
39. ulcers - lymphadenopathy - rectal strictures - org and dz
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Prior HAV infection - protects against reinfection
Actinomyces and nocardia
HDV
40. Trichomonas
Actic polymerization
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
flagella
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
41. Adsorption - penetration - uncoating - replication - assembly - release
oral yeast infections =
protozoa (3)
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
infection process of animal viruses (6)
42. Require intracellular parasite/has to be within a host cell to replicate (prokaryotic); Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
C. diptheriae
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR
rickettsia
C. perfringens
43. Where does the rickettsiae rash start and Where does the typhus rash start
Does not ferment sorbitol
CMV - RSV
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
44. enveloped ssRNA with segmented genome (8)
Cryptosporidium
Tellurite agar
E. coli - proteus
Influenza virus
45. What animals carry rabies virus
Bat - racoon - skunk
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Bartonella sp
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
46. What is a capsule conjugated with a protein
Cryptococcus neoformans
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
Pseudomonas
Antigen in vaccines
47. Recurrent fever from variable surface antigen - transmitted by louse
fermentation - definition
Borrelia recurrentis
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
48. What species causing bloody diarrhea invades colonic mucosa
Enteroinvasive E. coli
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
spontaneous generation example
49. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the lag phase
yeast
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
Metabolic activity without division
Double zone of hemolysis
50. painful genital ulcer - inguinal adenopathy- org and dz
John Needham - experiment
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
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