Test your basic knowledge |

Microbiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which bacteris do not gram stain well because there is no cell wall
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block
Mycoplasma
B cells
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate

2. What does catalase do
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children

3. What bugs are obligate intracellulars and why

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

4. What is Anti - HBeAg
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
Children; parainfluenza (croup seal like barking cough) - mumps - measles and RSV (bronchiolitis - PNA) in infants
Rapid cell division
Antibody to HBeAg - indicates low transmissability

5. Smallest living cell - fried egg appearance of colonies - no cell wall - contain sterols in cell membrane - cause walking pneumonia
mycoplasma (5) - description
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
how many degrees celsius for mold?

6. 1673 - First to see microorganisms - marked beginning of microbiology - 'animalcules' - 'father of the microscope'
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
yeast
spiral - vibrio
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts

7. Which bacteria are beta hemolytic
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
cytoplasm - definition
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
glycocalyx - description

8. What kind does exotoxin from C. botulinum do
what peptidoglycan is composed of
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves
Entamoeba hisotlytica

9. Which staph make coagulase - and which don't
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
Dipicolinic acid

10. Allows nutrients in - waste out
endospores are formed via
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
Epiglottitis H flu type B
cell membrane - function

11. How many segments in influenza virus and to what family does it belong
Both are lactose fermenters - both invade intestinal mucosa and can cause blood diarrhea
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
8 - orthomyoxovirus
Robert Hooke

12. Which location is common for lymphadenopathy in EBC mononucleosis
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
Chlamydia trachomatis
viral shapes
Posterior cervical lymph nodes

13. Help bacteria to attach to one another
Histoplasmosis
pili - function
gram- negative stain - color
what peptidoglycan is composed of

14. intestinal nematode causing infection - eggs are visible in feces - org - tx
Klebsiella
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
Common cold

15. How is chlamydia DX is lab
Between 2 and 18 months
characteristics of bacteria (5)
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear

16. How does tetanus toxin cause tetanus
Blocka glycine and GABA release - inhibitory NTs from Renshaw cells in spinal cord
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Borrelia burgdorferi
Vanc resis enterococci and are important cause of nosocomial infection

17. yeast infection
Koch's Postulates 4
protista kingdom
Clue cells - or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria visible under the microscope
candidiasis

18. ___ on envelope can be used for identification
Spikes
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
H flu type B
HCV

19. Unicellular and facultative
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
yeast
Cholesterol

20. Allgin and carrageenan
malaria symptoms
food thickeners
Rickettsia rickettsii
golgi complex - function

21. meningitis in >60
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
Paramyxovirus; measles
malaria prevention

22. What are important resevoirs for borrelia and What animal is required for tick life cycle
Mice - deer
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
Viridans group streptococci
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common

23. What organisms stain with Ziehl - Neelson
single- stranded DNA
bacillus
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
Acid fast organisms

24. which viruses are kind of diploid and What are the others
S - definition
Actinomyces israeli
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma

25. This fungi forms broad based buds - causes inflammatory lung diease and can disseminate to skin and bone - forms granulomatous nodules - Where is endemic
malaria
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
single- stranded RNA

26. bloating - flatulence - foul - smelling fatty diarrhea seen in campers/hikers - infection - transmission - dx - and tx
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
eukaryotes
Mycobacterium

27. Hairy leukoplakia often on lateral tongue in HIV pos pt
EBV
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
spontaneous generation
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus

28. What is the process of replication for HBV and are there carriers
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
differential staining example

29. What is the difference in route of infection of botulism in adults vs babies
replication for eukaryotes
Reassortment
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
endocytosis...

30. Recurrent fever from variable surface antigen - transmitted by louse
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Borrelia recurrentis
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
Space between cytoplasmic membrane and peptidoglycan wall in gram neg bacteria contains many hydrolytic enzymes - including beta lactamases

31. Motility causes 'swarming' on agar - produces urease - associated with struvite stones - org causing UTI
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block
Proteus mirabilis
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves

32. What kind of lesion is characteristic of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe

33. rash beginning at the head and moving down - rash is preceded by cough coryza and conjunctivitis and blue white spots on the buccal mucosa - agent and dz
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
Measles rubeola - measles
Metronidazole
spiral - spirillum

34. what bug grows on charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
Legionella
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
R. typhi

35. 80S = 60S + 40S
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
Pseudomonas

36. meningitis in children (6 months - 6 yrs)
No envelope
Insidious onset - HA - non productive cough - diffuse interstitial infiltrate
E. coli - proteus
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus

37. Lytic phage infects bacterium - cleavage of bacterial DNA and synthesis of viral proteins - parts of bacterial chromosome may become packaged in viral capsid
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
Vulvuvaginitis
PHV
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes

38. Substance inside the plasma membrane (80% water)
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
cytoplasm - definition
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
Clostridia

39. What other virus is it important not to confuse with measles
John Needham
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
HHV-6 roseola
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)

40. meningitis in HIV pos patient with india ink stain revealing yeast with narrow based budding and large capsule
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
nucleus

41. cestode causing cysts in liver - anaphylaxis when released from cysts - org - transmission - pre - surgical tx - and tx
Shigella
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
Only borrelia
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles

42. What shape are campylobacter and What are the lab findings
Caused by bacteria Rickettsia prowazekki - rickettsia typhi - rickettsia tsutsugamushi
fermentation - definition
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C

43. Of the serotypes of chlamydia trachomatis - which cause lymphogranuloma venereum
Sterility
When nutriets are limited
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
L1 - L2 - L3

44. The mild heating of a substance to kill spoilage organisms (bacteria)
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
S. pneumo - Influenza virus - anaerobies - H flu - GNR
in prokaryotic cell membranes -
pasteurization

45. What kind of virus is HCV and How is transmitted
IgG Anti - HBcAg
red tide
H. flu
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity

46. What is the characteristic feature of cells infected by CMV

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

47. What happens when primary TB heals by fibrosis
mycology
Nucleus - except parvovirus
Croup - seal like barking cough
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive

48. What is S. aureus food poisoning due to...
Histoplasmosis
John Needham - experiment
Ingestion of preformed toxin
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR

49. What does rubeloa virus cause
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
icosahedron
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome

50. How does invasive aspergillosis present in the HIV pos pt
humans do not have
Ring enhancing brain lesions
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
special staining of bacteria