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Microbiology

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. pus - empyema - abcess
S. aureus
species
Guillain barre
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate

2. Study of viruses
endospores
Cigar shaped yeast
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
virology

3. What associations go with listeria monocytogenes
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
Teichoic acid
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI

4. Bacillus (aerobic) and clostridium (anaerobic); both are soil organisms (can survive lack of water)
Dark field microscopy
Dipoid RNA
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
humans do not have

5. What organisms do Giemsa stain pick up
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
C. diff
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum

6. enveloped ssRNA with segmented genome (8)
Gambiense - rhodesiense
No - erythromycin
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
Influenza virus

7. What disease can HSV 2 cause and What is the route of transmission
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
vaginal yeast infections can be caused by this

8. Dilated cardiomyopathy - megacolon - megaesophagus in south america - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Koch's Postulates 1
taxonomic hierarchy
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer

9. What organisms stain with PAS

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10. What organism causes syphillis and what happens in primary syphillis
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication

11. What is seen on with the dermatophytes with KOH prep
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
Paragonimus westermani
C. perfringens
osmotic lysis

12. Which are the naked viruses
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
HIV - malnutrition - death
gram- positive stain - color

13. PNA in EtOh or IVDU
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
S. aureus
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
S. pneumo - klebsiella - staph

14. What are the three forms of prion diesase
Spikes
HHV 6 - roseola
golgi complex - function
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)

15. Which bacteria grow pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
Actinomyces
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
simple staining of bacteria

16. What is the TX for pneumocystis jerovici
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
Louis Pasteur
arrangements - diplo
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200

17. PNA in immunCised
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
Actinomyces isreallii

18. Death of tissue
Mycoplasma
necrosis
Gonococci
Clostridia

19. Mycology - bacteriology - virology - algology - protozoology
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
five fields of microbiology

20. Protects the nucleic acid - gives virus its shape - contains the receptor sites for host cell in non - enveloped virus
capsid - function
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
Neuraminidase

21. Allows nutrients in - waste out
Malignant otitis externa
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.
cell membrane - function
N. gono causing gono

22. What kind of virus is HCV and How is transmitted
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
E. coli - proteus
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis

23. What bug grows on bordet - genou (potato) agar
Protein A - S. aureus
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
Bordetella pertussis
HBV

24. Which staph make coagulase - and which don't
HBV from needle stick
Transformation or competence
Trigeminal ganglia
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not

25. Spiral
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
spiral - spirillum
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Caused by bacteria Rickettsia prowazekki - rickettsia typhi - rickettsia tsutsugamushi

26. In which age group is the peak incidence for mononucleosis - and how are the reactive cytotoxic T cells termed?
molds
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
interferon

27. Which flaviviruses are also arboviruses and which are not
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
Alpha toxin - a lecithinase that acta s a phospholipase to cleave cell membranes and causes a gas gangrene
Owl's eye inculsions
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)

28. What organisms stain with Ziehl - Neelson
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Acid fast organisms
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
oxygen requirements of bacteria

29. Smallest a person can see with unaided eye - pen dot
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
100 micrometers
malaria prevention

30. What is toxic shock syndrome - what bug secretes what substance to cause it
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
Rifampin
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
Fever - rash - shock - S aureas - TSST-1

31. Reassortment of viral genome (human flu A virus recombines with swine flu A virus
Severe bacteremia - death
Genetic shift - pandemic
fungi kingdom
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis

32. asplenic pt
Lactose fermenting enterics
Rapid cell division
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)

33. Which males have UTIs
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
cytoplasm - definition
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates

34. 1673 - First to see microorganisms - marked beginning of microbiology - 'animalcules' - 'father of the microscope'
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)

35. What are the two reoviruses and What do they cause
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
HHV-6 roseola
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______

36. 70S = 30S + 50S
Cryptococcus neoformans
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
structures of prokaryotic cell
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures

37. Chains
amoebic dynsentry
Campylocobacter jejuni
arrangements - strepto...
H. pylori

38. Of the sereptypes of chlamydia trachomatis - which cause urethritis/PID ectopic pregs - neonatal pneumonia with staccato cough - or neonatal conjunctivitis
D- K
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES

39. How many serologic type of rhinovirus are there and What can destroy it
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
Protein A - S. aureus
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather

40. Cell is in a hypertonic solution and cytoplasm shrinks
Protein synthesis - 30S and 50S subunits
plasmolysis
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI

41. Diploid - 2 genes for every trait; humans have 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs
IgG Anti - HBcAg
algae characteristics (3)
Klebsiella
chromosomes in nucleus are...

42. unimmunized child with meningitis - microbe colonized the nasopharynx can lead to myalgia and paralysis
H flu type B
B anthracis - anthrax - cutaneous is black eschar ulcer (painless) can progress to bacteremia or death - pulmonary anthrax is inhalation of spores producing flu - like sx that rapidly progress to fever pulmonary hemorrhage - mediastinitis and shock
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
chloroplasts - function

43. toxoplasma - tricky Ts
Brucella sp
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
lysozyme
Anti - HBsAb

44. macular rash over the body appears after several days of high fever - usually affects infants - agent and dz
Flulike (acute) - feeling fine (latent) - falling count - final crisis
HHV 6 - roseola
35 to 37 weeks - intrapartum pen prophylaxis
rough ER

45. Other than thrush and vaginitis - What are the other clinical manifestations or candidiasis
HCV
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts

46. Histoplasmosis
many humans would test antibody positive for this
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
Azithromycin
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice

47. cestode causing cysticercosis - org - transmission - tx
Metronidazole
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
John Needham
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal

48. Will show special structures
Beta hemolytic
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
special staining of bacteria
Treponema - primary syphillis

49. What is the resevoir for chlamydiae psittaci
Skin infections - organ abscesses - pneumonia
endospores
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
Avain resevoir

50. Domain - kingdom - phylum - class - order - family - genus - species
Env - gp120 and gp41 - gag - p24 - pol - reverse transcriptase
Resistant
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200
taxonomic hierarchy