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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 2nd leading cause of community acquired UTI among sexually active women
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
Lymph nodes
Staph saprophyticus
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
2. What are the positive stranded RNA viruses
coccus
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
Protozoan - STD
3. Insects - parasitic worms - etc
Louis Pasteur
animal kingdom
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
special staining of bacteria
4. Which nematodes infect through the skin
S. aureus
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
complex virus example
Actinomyces
5. Which are the DNA enveloped viruses
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
EBV
Crohns or appendicitis
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
6. No metabolic activity
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
dormant
HCV
7. Non - hodgkin lymphoma large cell type often in oropharynx (waldeyer's ring) of HIV pos pt
ADP ribosylation of G protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase - inc Cl - secretion into gut and dec Na absorption - H20 into gut lumen - voluminous rice water diarrhea
EBV
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Entertoxigenic E. coli
8. Osteomyelitis in diabetics and drug addicst
Histoplasmosis
Pseudomonas
Sporothrix schenckii
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
9. Where are strep viridans normal flora and What do they cause
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
10. What is the clinical picture of rheumatic fever
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11. Which bacteria do not gram stain well because they are intracellular
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
Clonorchis sinensis
Koch's Postulates 3
Sexual activity - but not an STI
12. This bacteria causes gastritis and up to 90% of duodenal ulcers - risk factor for peptic ulcer - gastric adenocarcinoma - lymphoma
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
H. pylori
13. Which hepatitis causes post - transfusion hepatitis
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
HCV
endospores
14. All living things are composed of cells
protista kingdom
Mucor or rhizopus
fermentation - definition
Cell Theory
15. unimmunized child with meningitis - microbe colonized the nasopharynx can lead to myalgia and paralysis
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
H flu type B
John Needham - experiment
five kingdoms of microorganisms
16. Which location is common for lymphadenopathy in EBC mononucleosis
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
Pasteurella multocida
Posterior cervical lymph nodes
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
17. What is gardnerella associated with
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
staining of bacteria
Sexual activity - but not an STI
18. Which bacteria make catalase and which do not
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19. What is the triad of HUS
Influenza virus
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
Neisseria
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
20. ___ percent of infected illnesses are caused by ___
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
60%; viruses
Malignant otitis externa
21. What viruses make up the PaRaMyxovirus family and What do they do
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
Metronidazole
virus example
22. Prokaryotes
bacteria domain
Rifampin
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
23. 37 celsius
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
peptidoglycan - definition
24. Strict anaerobes that produce methane from CO2 and H
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
methanogens
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
25. Involved in photosynthesis (chlorophyll); contain 70S ribosomes; when hit by light - chlorophyll releases an electron
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
chloroplasts - function
26. What happens when primary TB heals by fibrosis
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
eukaryotes
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
27. What does rhinovirus do
All of them
Common cold
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
polyhedral shape - defintion
28. gram pos - weakly acid fast aerobe in soil - causing pulmonary infection in immuncompromised patients
Silver stain
Nocardia asteroides
C. diptheriae
endocytosis...
29. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the only bacterial membrane containing what substance
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
Inc - inc lymphos - inc - dec
protozoan infections (5)
Cholesterol
30. Vesciular rash on palms and soles with ulcers in oral mucosa - agent and dz
Scarlet fever - toxic shock - like syndrome
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
31. PNA in EtOh or IVDU
S. pneumo - klebsiella - staph
Fungi
Burn wounds - nosocomial pneumonia - pneumonias in cystic fibrosis
Motility - protein
32. How do bacterial capsules function
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Streptococcus - staphylococus
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
33. Of the gram neg bacillus - which ones are enterics
Actinomyces
five fields of microbiology
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
34. Will show special structures
special staining of bacteria
adsorption (AV)
Echinococcus granulosus
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
35. neutropenic pts
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
cilia - function
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
Candida and aspergillus
36. What does gp41 do
Fusion and entry
cell membrane - definition
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
37. What is pontiac fever
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
arrangements - staphylo
38. What schistosoma species is associated with squamous cell carcinoma - and of what organi
Haematobium - bladder
gram- negative stain - color
gram- positive cell wall
three domains of microorganisms
39. What bug grows on tellurite plate - lofflers media
Cholesterol
C. diptheriae
Crohns or appendicitis
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
40. What does c perfringens produce and What does it do
Chlamydia trachomatis
Robert Hooke
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
41. What are the symptoms of TB
nucleic acid
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
E. coli 0157:H7
42. In which population does most osteomyelitis occur
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
Children
arrangements of bacteria
eukaryotic organelles - definition
43. What does M protein do - who has it
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Trigeminal ganglia
Starts quickly and ends quickly
44. Substance inside the plasma membrane (80% water)
cytoplasm - definition
Rotavirus - adenovirus - norwalk virus
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
Salmonella
45. How is legionella transmitted
Aerosal - from environmental water source
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Double zone of hemolysis
46. What are the lab findings for cholera
infection process of animal viruses (6)
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
Antigen in vaccines
47. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
Resistant
Staph or enteric GNR
Toxo crosses the placenta
48. What does norwalk virus do
Viral gastroenteritis
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
microbiology
Avain resevoir
49. Reassortment of viral genome (human flu A virus recombines with swine flu A virus
Killed viral vaccine
Genetic shift - pandemic
HBV from needle stick
prokaryotes
50. Aerobic - anaerobic - facultative - microaerophilic
Food - fingers - feces - flies
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
oxygen requirements of bacteria
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