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Microbiology

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. cestode causing neurocysticercosis - org - transmission - tx
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis

2. What does coxaskcievirus do
virus example
N. gono causing gono
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis

3. Toxoplasma gondii - only sexual phase takes place in intestinal tract of the cat - organism ingested by the cat via infected rodents - humans infected by ingesting undercooked meats or by direct contact with cat feces
Cmv
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
Toxplasmosis
pili - function

4. tissue nematodes tha causes blockage of the lymphatic vessels (elphantitis) - org - transmission - clinical course - tx
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
Genetic drift - epidemic
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat

5. Aerobic - anaerobic - facultative - microaerophilic
adsorption (AV)
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
oxygen requirements of bacteria
fungal infection examples (3)

6. Is pneumocystis a fungus or a protazoan
giardia
JC virus causing PML
Yeast - protazoan
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast

7. What does M protein do - who has it
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
Capsid protein
Mycoplasma - have sterols

8. Which staph make coagulase - and which don't
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
Toxoplasmosis
Entamoeba histolytica
When nutriets are limited

9. usage of which Abx can lead to c diff.
penetration (B)
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Clindamycin or ampicillin
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis

10. Respiratory therapy equipment is risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
arrangements - staphylo
food industry
Pseudomonas

11. What is the TX for h pylori
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin

12. What diseases can HSV 1 cause and What is the route of transmission
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
flaccid paralysis
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate

13. tissue nematode that causes swelling in the skin and can see worms crawling in the conjunctiva - org - transmission - tx
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
Koch's Postulates 2
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
cytoplasm - definition

14. Bacteriophage
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
When nutriets are limited
complex virus example

15. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in mom or mono - like illness causing hearing loss - petechial rash in the neonate - org and mode of transmission
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
Clindamycin or ampicillin
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum

16. 10 - 100 micrometers
protozoology
eukaryotes
H flu type B
Common cold

17. When should prophylactic vaccination of rabies vaccination occur
Immediately upon exposure
lysis
Enteroinvasive E. coli
Enterobacter cloacae

18. How is cryptococcus diagnosed in the lab and Where is it found

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19. How do you treat lyme disease
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
Borrelia burgdorferi
Beta hemolytic
Togavirus - german 3 day measles

20. What are the serum markers of Chronic hep B with low infectivity
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
assembly (B)
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media

21. In What age group is mycoplasma seen - and what groups are outbreaks common
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
<30 - military - prisons
red tide
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole

22. Chronic watery diarrhea in HIV pos pt with acid fast cysts seen in stool
malaria prevention
Cryptosporidium
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
spiral

23. Which are the naked viruses
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
Pasteurella multocida
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
Pseudomonas

24. branching rods in oral infection - sulfur granules
eukaryotes
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
Actinomyces
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive

25. 1668 - Attempted to disprove spontaneous generation
Candida albicans
Immediately upon exposure
Rubella
Francesco Redi

26. Nucleic acid is injected into host cell from the capsid through tail sheath - penetrating host cell membrane by contraction of tail (similar to a syringe)
Robert Koch
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
penetration (B)
Histoplasmosis

27. Herpes - warts
chromosomes in nucleus are...
double- stranded DNA
Cell Theory
Malignant otitis externa

28. Acetone - alcohol - antibiotics
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
chemical synthesis...
prokaryotes
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity

29. What are the ToRCHeS infxns and What are the nonspecific signs common to ToRCHeS infxns
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
specific
VDRL screens and FTA- ABS

30. Allows bacterial cells to attach to surfaces - helps prevent phagocytosis
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
glycocalyx - function
S. aureus

31. Bats can carry _____ - but birds do not
Rapid cell division
smooth ER
histoplasmosis
HBC - hepatitis B

32. What kind of immunity to live attenuated viral vaccines induce and What is the concern
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
yeast
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence

33. portal HTN - parasite
lysis
Schistosoma mansori
tetanus
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS

34. What are the only double stranded RNA viruses
food industry
Reoviridae - rotavirus
basic shapes of bacteria
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)

35. Which are the segmented viruses and what feature do they all share
Anaerobes
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
Hemagluttin
endospores

36. Sporulation
bacteriology
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
endospores are formed via
Palivizumab

37. burns or air
Pseudomonas
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
differential staining of bacteria
S - definition

38. How do group B strep grow on blood agar
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Beta hemolytic
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
five kingdoms of microorganisms

39. Pink
chromosome - function
acid- fast - color
Cool temps - infects skin and superficial nerves - armadillos
S. aureus

40. Blue
8 - orthomyoxovirus
not acid- fast - colo
trichomoniasis symptoms
mycoplasma (5) - description

41. Where doe HSV1 cells remain latent
Trigeminal ganglia
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block

42. Which location is common for lymphadenopathy in EBC mononucleosis
Posterior cervical lymph nodes
Reassortment
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

43. What enzyme breaks down lactose and Which bacteria produces it
E. Coli produces beta galactosidase
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
acid- fast - color
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic

44. toxoplasma - tricky Ts
Pneumoniae and psittaci
cilia
differential staining of bacteria
Protozoan - a TORCH infection

45. intestinal nematode causing infection - eggs are visible in feces - org - tx
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
Only borrelia
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis

46. 48 hr cyclic fever - HA - splenomegaly - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
S. aureus
H. flu
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
peptidoglycan - definition

47. foul - smelling greenish vaginal discharge - itching - burning - protozoa - transmission - dx and tx
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
Rose gardner's
Clostridia

48. Cat scratch disease - can cause bacillary angiomatosis in immuncoCised patients - can be confused with KS
Enterobacter cloacae
Bartonella sp
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis

49. Bugs in hospital acquired PNA
cell wall - function
Antigen in vaccines
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Staph or enteric GNR

50. What does pertusses toxin do to Gi
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
Permanently disables causing whooping cough via induction of cAMP - turns the off off
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules