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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Subject
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engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In What age group is mycoplasma seen - and what groups are outbreaks common
<30 - military - prisons
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
Transformation or competence
2. slapped cheek rah on face later appears over body in reticular 'lace - like' pattern - can cause hydrops fetalis in pregnant women - agent and dz
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Interfere with host cell function - binding component binds to a receptor on surface of host cell enabling endocytosis - active portion attaches an ADP- ribosyl to a shost cell protein altering protein function
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
3. What does Anti HBcAg (IgM) indicate
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
Acute/recent infection
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
4. What OI/disease occurs in the eyes of AIDS pts
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
CMV retinitis
Candida
5. What is the difference in mechanism between cholera - pertussis and E. coli with anthrax
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
Dipoid RNA
Teichoic acid
6. meningitis in >60
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
eukaryotes
C. perfringens
7. What OI/diseease occurs in the lungs of AIDS pts
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
replication (AV)
RNA hepevirs - transmitted enterically and causes water borne epidemics - resembles HAV in course - severity - incubation - high mortality in pregnant women
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
8. What bug secretes scarlet fever erythrogenic toxin and What does it cause
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
Yersinia enterocolitica
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
9. What is the organism for endemic typhus (fleas)
Echinococcus granulosus
Paragonimus westermani
Foul smelling (short chain fatty acids) - difficult to culture - produce gas in tissues (CO2 - H2)
R. typhi
10. A molecule unique to bacteria that gives the cell strength to resist breakage
peptidoglycan - definition
Meningococci
monera kingdom
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
11. What diseases can VZV cause and What is the route of transmission
rickettsia
eukaryotes
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
12. What cell wall structures are common to both gram pos and gram neg bacteria
D- K
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
13. What species causes bloody diarrhea - is comma or S shaped and grows at 42C
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
Lepromatous
Campylobacter
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
14. Retinitis in HIV pos pts with cotton wool spots on fundoscopic exam
CMV
plasmid - function
Neisseria
Pasteurella multocida
15. Antibiotics which kill normal flora bacteria allowing yeast to overgrow
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
vaginal yeast infections can be caused by this
hyperthermophiles
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
16. tissue nematode that causes swelling in the skin and can see worms crawling in the conjunctiva - org - transmission - tx
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
VDRL screens and FTA- ABS
17. What serum makers are present in acute HBV
HBsAg - HBeAg - IgM - Anti - HBcAg
protista kingdom
HHV-8 - KS
Sporothrix schenckii
18. What are the signs of neurosyphillis
IgG Anti - HBcAg
Lepromatous
bacteria domain
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
19. What are important resevoirs for borrelia and What animal is required for tick life cycle
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)
Mice - deer
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
20. What is the organism and vector for Q fever
single- stranded DNA
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
Antigen in urine
21. Which form of Hansens disease is lethal
B cells
Borrelia burgdorferi
Lepromatous
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
22. Unimmunized child with pharyngitis - grayish oropharyngeal pseudomembrane which can obstruct the airway - painful throat
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
C. diptheriae
Surfers in the tropics
23. Processes - sorts - and packages proteins and lipids
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
Genetic drift - epidemic
golgi complex - function
Edema factor - part of the toxin complex - is an adenylate cyclase
24. Nutrient broth - heated - and then placed in sealed flask => microbial growth
Toxoplasmosis
John Needham - experiment
Children; parainfluenza (croup seal like barking cough) - mumps - measles and RSV (bronchiolitis - PNA) in infants
Mice - deer
25. What is the fxn and chemical composition of bacterial flagellum
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
Motility - protein
microbiology
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
26. What is the TX for candidiasis
Genetic drift - epidemic
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
arrangements - staphylo
Nucleus - except parvovirus
27. What bug grows on thayer - martin (or VPN) media - What does VPN stand for
Mycoplasma
Neisseria
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
N. gonorrhea - vancomycin (inhibits gram pos) polymyxin (inhibits gram neg) - nystatin (inhibits fungi)
28. What can cause food poisoning in improperly canned foods (bulging cans)
Entamoeba hisotlytica
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
oxygen requirements of bacteria
C. botulinum
29. variola - lots of spots
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
Schistosoma mansori
Silver stain
30. What is pontiac fever
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Salmonella typhi
flagella - function
31. What are the lab findings for H pylori
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
nucleic acid
Mononuclear cells
32. What diseases can CMV cause and What is the route of infection
R. typhi
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
gram- positive stain - explanation
33. What does M protein do - who has it
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Diphyllobothrium latum
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
Antigen in vaccines
34. burns or air
Pseudomonas
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
Bacteria - STD
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
35. What is a positive Monospot test
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
specific
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
36. In which pts is it dangerous to give live vaccines to...
100 micrometers
Endosymbiotic Theory
3 groups in archaea
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
37. When humans are the only test host - ethical issues; ex HIV
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38. What bug grows on tellurite plate - lofflers media
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
microaerophilic
C. diptheriae
flagella - description
39. Require intracellular parasite/has to be within a host cell to replicate (prokaryotic); Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
rickettsia
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
40. What is the classic triad of infxn with rickettsia and what requirements do they need to grow
Yes
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
endospores - definition
Synthesized dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
41. Adsorption - penetration - replication - assembly - release
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
Resistant
42. Which location is common for lymphadenopathy in EBC mononucleosis
Viral gastroenteritis
Posterior cervical lymph nodes
release (AV)
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
43. What kind of exotoxin does corneybacterium have and What does it do
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
Many treponemas
Staph or H. flu
44. What are the positive stranded RNA viruses
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
osmotic lysis
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
interferon
45. Capsid is put around nucleic acid
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
assembly (AV)
cilia - function
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
46. Which DNA virus is not icosahedral
Pox - complex
Posterior cervical lymph nodes
Prior HAV infection - protects against reinfection
fungi
47. Which gram pos bacteria have branching filamentous morphology
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
chemical synthesis...
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
48. What are the two reoviruses and What do they cause
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
Azithromycin
Common cold
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
49. Pure culture must cause same disease in test host
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50. Which Abx are ineffective against obligate anaerobes and why - where are anaerobes nl found
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
Avain resevoir
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
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