Test your basic knowledge |

Microbiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. When should prophylactic vaccination of rabies vaccination occur
Immediately upon exposure
Group B strep - E. coli
Bartonella sp
Viridans group streptococci

2. Rodent viruses (not very common)
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
single- stranded DNA

3. Mycotoxin
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV

4. What are the lab findings of pseudomonas
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
cell membrane - definition

5. Is there person to person transmissino of legionella and What is the TX
Serratia
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
No - erythromycin
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity

6. taenia solium - tricky Ts
Cigar shaped yeast
Alpha toxin - a lecithinase that acta s a phospholipase to cleave cell membranes and causes a gas gangrene
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces

7. What does polyomavirus cause
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
JC - progressive mutlifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal

8. Problem with food preservation - canning
Lower lobe
Tellurite agar
botulism
protozoan infections (5)

9. What diseases can HHV-6 cause and What is the route of transmission
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
histoplasmosis
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined

10. Which hepatitis causes post - transfusion hepatitis
Ring enhancing brain lesions
HHV-8 - KS
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
HCV

11. Where are strep viridans normal flora and What do they cause
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)

12. ___ on envelope can be used for identification
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
Spikes
Pox - complex
Blocka glycine and GABA release - inhibitory NTs from Renshaw cells in spinal cord

13. variola - lots of spots
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
chromosome - description

14. Rupturing of cell
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
lysis
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen

15. What bacteria has protein A and What does it do
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
vaginal yeast infections can be caused by this
Group B strep - E. coli
Borrelia burgdorferi - transmited by Ixodes - erythema chronicum migrans (bulls eye rash with central clearing) effects joints - CNS and heart

16. What can cause food poisoning in reheated meat dishes
Campylocobacter jejuni
C. perfringens
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV

17. What are the signs of viral hepatitis
Episodes of fever - jaundice and inc AST/ALT
Cool temps - infects skin and superficial nerves - armadillos
Toxoid vaccine
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)

18. Bats can carry _____ - but birds do not
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200
histoplasmosis
Pseudomonas
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults

19. Severe diarrhea in AIDS - mild disease with watery diarrhea in immunoCtent - dz - transmission - dx - and tx
S. aureus
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
necrosis
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx

20. How is treponema visualized
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
microbiology
Dark field microscopy
Clostridium tetani

21. Nucleic acid is injected into host cell from the capsid through tail sheath - penetrating host cell membrane by contraction of tail (similar to a syringe)
penetration (B)
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Endosymbiotic Theory
virology

22. Ability to move via flagella
Actinomyces and nocardia
motility of bacteria
nucleic acid
Muramic acid

23. What bug grows on tellurite plate - lofflers media
microbiology
EBV
C. diptheriae
Cryptococcus neoformans

24. Why are chlamydiae obligate intracellular

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

25. What does coxaskcievirus do
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo

26. A natural antiviral protein produced during viral infection which stops replication of virus
interferon
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
food industry
S. aureus

27. biliary tract disease - cholangiocarcinoma - parasite
Bat - racoon - skunk
Clonorchis sinensis
eukaryotic organelles (5)
dormant

28. What shape are campylobacter and What are the lab findings
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
Koch's Postulates 1
Candida albicans
Salpingitis

29. Genes for which 5 bacterial toxins are encoded in a lysogenic phage
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate

30. What bugs can cause food poisoning from contaminated seafood - and which of these can cause wound infections from contact with contaminated water or shellfish
Recombination
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus

31. What animals carry rabies virus
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
Burn wounds - nosocomial pneumonia - pneumonias in cystic fibrosis
Bat - racoon - skunk
three domains of microorganisms

32. What is the fxn and chemical composition of peptidoglycan
Klebsiella
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes

33. 10 - 100 micrometers
eukaryotes
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever

34. What does gonococi cause
animal kingdom
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile

35. Which bacteria make catalase and which do not

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

36. intestinal nematode causing inflammation of muscle - periorbital edema - org - transmission - dx - tx
HIV - AIDS
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
protozoa (3)
fungal infection examples (3)

37. How does mucomycosis present clinically
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
adsorption (B)
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement

38. What laboratory test distinguishes strep pyogenes from group B strep - and What causes the immunologic response
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever
Fusion and entry
three domains of microorganisms
Acid fast organisms

39. Osteomyelitis in diabetics and drug addicst
pasteurization
chromosome - function
Staph or enteric GNR
Pseudomonas

40. What kind of lesion is characteristic of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
Proteus mirabilis
Meningococci

41. What does p24 do
Capsid protein
single- stranded RNA
Antibody to HBeAg - indicates low transmissability
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis

42. Transmitted by ticks - flulike symptoms with spotted rash; damages cardiovascular system and affects permeability of capillaries resulting in spotted rash
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen

43. Alcohol dehydrates peptidoglycan - CV-I crystals do not leave
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
Spikes
gram- positive stain - explanation
Brucella sp

44. What does parainfluenza cause
Mycoplasma
Pasteurella multocida
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
Croup - seal like barking cough

45. Name the live attenuated vaccines

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

46. In which pts is it dangerous to give live vaccines to...
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
adsorption (AV)
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine

47. In What age group is mycoplasma seen - and what groups are outbreaks common
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
<30 - military - prisons
what peptidoglycan is composed of
replication (AV)

48. Glycerol + fatty acid(s)
lipids (fats) =
Mumps virus - mumps
bacteriophage - definition
basic shapes of bacteria

49. ulcers - lymphadenopathy - rectal strictures - org and dz
Lepromatous
myc/myo means
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Cmv

50. bilateral bells palsy
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus
spiral - spirillum
Borrelia burgdorferi