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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the lab findings of pseudomonas
viral shapes
IVDU
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
Pseudomonas
2. What viruses make up the PaRaMyxovirus family and What do they do
ribosomes - function
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
Rabies
3. Bats can carry _____ - but birds do not
Entamoeba histolytica
chloroplasts - function
Measles
histoplasmosis
4. Purple
endospores are resistant to (4)
gram- positive stain - color
Can't make their own ATP - cause mucosal infections
chromosomes in nucleus are...
5. What happens in stage 1 of lyme disease
R. prowazekii
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
6. Herpes - warts
Clonorchis sinensis
double- stranded DNA
Toxoplasmosis
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
7. Other than the ToRCHeS infxns - what other infectious agents can cause meningitis in neonates
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
viruses
8. What is the presentation of ETEC and What is the mechanism of the toxin
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9. Which form of Hansens disease is lethal
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block
Croup - seal like barking cough
Lepromatous
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
10. Sepis/meningitis in newborn
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
Nocardia asteroides
cilia - function
Group B strep
11. nematode causing intestinal infection - vomiting - diarrhea - anemia - org - transmission - tx
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
Rose gardner's
Strep bovis - also group D
12. How do bacterial capsules function
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
plasmid - function
specialized flagella
13. What is the progression of disease in rabies infxn
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
amoebic dynsentry
Recombination
14. What does HBsAg indicate
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
E. coli
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
15. brain cysts - seizures - parasite
D- K
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
Dipoid RNA
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
16. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the outer membrane in gram negative bacteria
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
eukaryotic organelles (5)
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
17. Decomposition - starting point of food chains - commercial applications
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
chlamydia
importance of microorganisms
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
18. What are the 4 Cs of HCV
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Bordetella pertussis
Clostridium perfringens
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
19. exchange o- f genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over within regions of significant base sequence homology
Actic polymerization
Palivizumab
Klebsiella
Recombination
20. Human fetus when acquired during pregnancy (stillbirth - brain damage - vision)
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
Rapid cell division
protozoan infections (5)
Oral and esophageal thrush
21. Protects the nucleic acid - gives virus its shape - contains the receptor sites for host cell in non - enveloped virus
endospores are formed via
Anaerobes
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
capsid - function
22. What bug grows on tellurite plate - lofflers media
C. diptheriae
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
Serratia
Sporothrix schenckii
23. How is treponema visualized
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Staph saprophyticus
Dark field microscopy
24. What bacteria requires acid fast stain to visualize
Mycobacterium
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
25. Site of protein synthesis; some are free in cytoplasm - others are bound to the rough ER
Reassortment
ribosomes - function
five fields of microbiology
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
26. What serum makers are present in acute HBV
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
Klebsiella
HBsAg - HBeAg - IgM - Anti - HBcAg
Muramic acid
27. What test is done with a smear of an openedskin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells and What is used for
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
Clostridium botulinum
staining of bacteria
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
28. What happens when endotoxin activates hagemans factor
Fusion and entry
C. diff
Mycoplasma - have sterols
Coagulation cascade - DIC
29. When do you screen pregnant women and What do you treat them with if they are are pos
Can't make their own ATP - cause mucosal infections
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
35 to 37 weeks - intrapartum pen prophylaxis
C. botulinum
30. What does adenovirus cause
what envelope contains
Muramic acid
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
31. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 200
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
osmotic lysis
Trigeminal ganglia
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
32. What is the TX for rickettsiae
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
CMV - RSV
Doxycycline
33. Where do VZV cells remain latent
Enterobacter cloacae
Cool temps - infects skin and superficial nerves - armadillos
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
34. Contains ribosomes and is associated with protein synthesis
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
osmotic pressure
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
rough ER
35. What stain shows legionella
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
Silver stain
icosahedron
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
36. What are patients at risk for during infection with influenza virus
Mycoplasma
arrangements - staphylo
C. diptheriae
Bacterial superinfection
37. What is the nl flora in the oropharynx
Viridans group streptococci
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
polyhedral shape - defintion
38. What kind of exotoxin does V. cholerae have and What does it do
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
histoplasmosis
Actinomyces isreallii
ADP ribosylation of G protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase - inc Cl - secretion into gut and dec Na absorption - H20 into gut lumen - voluminous rice water diarrhea
39. What are the symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
tetanus
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast
40. ___ percent of infected illnesses are caused by ___
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
60%; viruses
41. What does salmonella typhi cause
cell wall - function
Toxo crosses the placenta
cell membrane - definition
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
42. PNA in CF - burn
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
Pseudomonas
Antigen in urine
43. Animals - plants - fungi - and protists
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
differential staining example
eukarya domain
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
44. What does HDV require and What are the possible infxns it can cause
<30 - military - prisons
Syphillis - sexual contact
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
45. Brain abscesses in HIV - classic triad of chorioretinitis - hydrocephalus - intracranial calcifications - dz - transmission - dx - and tx
HIV - malnutrition - death
endospores are formed via
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
release (B)
46. What is the fxn and chemical composition of bacterial periplasm
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
production of beer and wine
Space between cytoplasmic membrane and peptidoglycan wall in gram neg bacteria contains many hydrolytic enzymes - including beta lactamases
specific
47. What disease can HSV 2 cause and What is the route of transmission
oxygen requirements of bacteria
Cigar shaped yeast
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
48. Which are the HHAPPPPy viruses
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
49. What feature is unique to shigella
E. Coli
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
Enteroinvasive E. coli
50. 2nd leading cause of community acquired UTI among sexually active women
Bartonella henselae
plasmid - definition
Staph saprophyticus
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor