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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adsorption - penetration - replication - assembly - release
trichomoniasis symptoms
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
Francisella tularenis
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
2. What are possible sequelae of measles infxn
red tide
cell membrane - definition
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
3. ___ on envelope can be used for identification
Anti - HAVAb IgM
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
No cell wall
Spikes
4. Helical - polyhedral - complex
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
viral shapes
Yersinia pestis
three domains of microorganisms
5. What viruses make up the PaRaMyxovirus family and What do they do
spontaneous generation example
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
N. gono causing gono
6. Where are strep viridans normal flora and What do they cause
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
hypertonic solution
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
7. What are PE signs of PID
Salmonella
Saucer shaped yeast forms
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
8. What OI/disease occurs in the mouth and throat of AIDS pts
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Paragonimus westermani
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
9. Retinitis in HIV pos pts with cotton wool spots on fundoscopic exam
CMV
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
what many pathogenic fungi are
10. Long rods that can be rigid or flexible
Pseudomonas
helical shape - definition
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
11. which purified viral nucleic acids are infectious and which are not
chromosome - description
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
12. Anchored to the wall and membrane by the basal body
flagella - description
60%; viruses
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
13. pruritic lesions with central clearing resembling ring - dz and organism
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
14. What is the Ghon complex
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever
15. roseola - lots of spots
chloroplasts - function
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
16. cestode causing neurocysticercosis - org - transmission - tx
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
gram- negative cell wall
Mononuclear cells
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
17. yeast - molds - mushrooms
spiral
fungi kingdom
staining of bacteria
Bordetella pertussis
18. Capsule outside cell wall - usually sticky - composed of polysaccharide and/or polypeptide
flagella - function
Neisseria
Common cold
glycocalyx - description
19. What is Treponema - tricky Ts
Interstitial pneumonia - AIDS - diffuse bilateral CXR appearance - dx by lung biopsy or lavage - ID- ed by methanamine silver stain of lung tissue
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
20. Tetanus - toxin prevents relaxation of muscles
Borrelia burgdorferi
S - definition
Clostridium tetani
Toxoid vaccine
21. What are the symptoms of mumps
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
PCR/Viral load
Edema factor - part of the toxin complex - is an adenylate cyclase
R. typhi
22. What surface protein do all paramyxoviruses contain and What does it cause
Viridans group streptococci
fimbriae - function
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
23. Clusters
Mumps virus - mumps
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
arrangements - staphylo
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
24. Thick peptidoglycan layer with teichoic acids
gram- positive cell wall
Tellurite agar
bacillus
structures of prokaryotic cell
25. PNA in neonates < 4wks - orgs
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
nucleic acid
Toxoid vaccine
Group B strep - E. coli
26. Bacteria uses alcohol and produce acetic acid and turns it to vinegar
Superantigen
how wine is spoiled
candidiasis
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
27. Low grade fever - cough - hepatosplenomegaly in HIV pts with oval yeast cells within macrophages
Borrelia burgdorferi
Histoplasmosis
Immediately upon exposure
Shingles from VZV - kaposi sarcoma from HHV-8
28. Which gram neg bacteria have pleomorphic morphology
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
chlamydia
flagella - description
29. What bacteria has protein A and What does it do
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
All except coxiella are via arthropod
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
S. epidermidis
30. What is the main complication of mumps
Sterility
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Only humoral - stable
PCR/Viral load
31. African sleeping sickness: enlarged lymph nodes - recurring fever - organism - transmission - dx - tx
Mycoplasma - have sterols
structures of prokaryotic cell
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
32. HaemoPhilus causes....
Mice - deer
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
33. Pasteur's swan - shaped flask kept microbes out but let air in
Theory of Biogenesis
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
PHV
Cryptococcus neoformans
34. Unimmunized child with fever - dysphagia - drooling - and difficulty breathing due edematous cherry red epiglottis
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
eukaryotic organelles (5)
35. Nutrient broth placed in flask - heated - not sealed => microbial growth; nutrient broth placed in flask - sealed - and heated => no microbial growth
ribosomes - function
S. aureus
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Louis Pasteur - experiment
36. Ability to move via flagella
flagella - description
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
motility of bacteria
37. painless chancre - org and dz
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
Treponema - primary syphillis
C tetani
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
38. Study of viruses
virology
acid- fast organism - definition
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
39. What happens when endotoxin activates hagemans factor
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
Coagulation cascade - DIC
Severe pneumonia
40. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the outer membrane in gram negative bacteria
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
acid- fast organism - definition
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
HIV - malnutrition - death
41. What does Anti HBcAg (IgM) indicate
8 - orthomyoxovirus
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Acute/recent infection
42. Genes for which 5 bacterial toxins are encoded in a lysogenic phage
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
Smallpox - although eradicated - could be used in germ warfare Vaccinia - cowpox 'milkmaid's blisters' Molluscum contagiosum - flesh colored dome lesions with central dimple
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
43. intestinal nematode causing anal pruritis - scotch tape test - org - transmission - tx
Cell Theory
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
44. This infxn causes rash - lymphadenopathy and arthritis in the mom and PDA (or pulmonary artery hypolplasia) - cataracts and deafness +/- blueberry muffin rash - org and transmission
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
Rubella - respiratory droplets
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
45. Where do CMV cells remain latent
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)
Mononuclear cells
Salpingitis
46. What malignancy is pseudomans associated with in diabetics
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
chromosome - function
Malignant otitis externa
capsid - definition
47. Postviral PNA
Diphyllobothrium latum
Staph or H. flu
myc/myo means
Have flagella - disseminate hematogenously - produce H2S - symptoms can be prolonged with Abx - typically a monocytic response
48. Many sided; most common is icosahedron
polyhedral shape - defintion
Smallpox - although eradicated - could be used in germ warfare Vaccinia - cowpox 'milkmaid's blisters' Molluscum contagiosum - flesh colored dome lesions with central dimple
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Plasmodium
49. What bacteria in particular have the ability to transform
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
IVDU
Gambiense - rhodesiense
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
50. Why are chlamydiae obligate intracellular