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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1861 - Disproved spontaneous generation to everyone's satisfaction by demonstrating that microorganisms are present in the air
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
Louis Pasteur
bacillus
Cmv
2. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the lag phase
C. perfringens
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
Metabolic activity without division
3. What happens when primary TB heals by fibrosis
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
mycoplasma (5) - description
eukarya domain
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
4. How do shigella propel themselves without flagella
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Actic polymerization
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
5. What kind of virus is the seasonal influenza virus
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
medical important mycobacteria
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
Killed viral vaccine
6. What are the serum markers of Chronic hep B with low infectivity
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
7. noninflammatory - malodorous discharge with a fishy smell: pos whiff test and clue cells - org and dz
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
Mycobacterium
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
8. What bug grows on thayer - martin (or VPN) media - What does VPN stand for
replication for eukaryotes
N. gonorrhea - vancomycin (inhibits gram pos) polymyxin (inhibits gram neg) - nystatin (inhibits fungi)
gram- negative stain - explanation
taxonomic hierarchy
9. What is the process of replication for HBV and are there carriers
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
Treponema - primary syphillis
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
Borrelia burgdorferi
10. What does shiga toxin do and what bugs produce it
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
Measles
11. How does TSST work
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
35 to 37 weeks - intrapartum pen prophylaxis
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
12. Pink
acid- fast - color
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
oral yeast infections =
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
13. The mild heating of a substance to kill spoilage organisms (bacteria)
pasteurization
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
gram- positive stain - explanation
14. What happens in tertiary syphillis
Pseudomonas
replication (AV)
S - definition
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
15. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
Resistant
trichomoniasis symptoms
germination
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
16. Giardia lamblia - attaches to the intestinal cell wall via a sucker disk - causes severe diarrhea - is shed in the feces of wil animals
M. avium intracellulare
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
necrosis
giardia
17. Glycerol + fatty acid(s)
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
HDV
lipids (fats) =
18. What are the lab findings for cholera
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Sterility
Bad xray - worse than pt - high titer of cold agglutinins (IgM) which can agglutinate or lyse RBCs - grown on Eaton's agar
Rifampin
19. Clusters
Capsid protein
Louis Pasteur
C tetani
arrangements - staphylo
20. What virus is in the rhabdovirus family
tetanus
Rabies
D- K
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
21. 'powerhouse of the cell' - involved with ATP (energy) productions; contain 70S ribosomes
Neuraminidase
mitochondria - function
peptidoglycan - definition
penetration (B)
22. Capsid is put around nucleic acid
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
Doxycycline
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
assembly (AV)
23. Which flaviviruses are also arboviruses and which are not
Rubella
Measles
Tellurite agar
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
24. Where do VZV cells remain latent
CMV
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
25. Undulant fever - transmitted in dairy products - contact with animals
Brucella sp
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
60%; viruses
Klebsiella
26. Why is the polysaccharide capsule conjugated to a protein
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
three domains of microorganisms
Capsid protein
Klebsiella
27. What is the difference between F+ x F- and Hfr x F- conjugation
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
cell wall - function
helical shape - definition
IL-1 - lever - TNF - fever/hemorrhagic tissue necrosis - NO - hypotension
28. Contains ribosomes and is associated with protein synthesis
methanogens
Spikes
rough ER
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
29. Fever and chills
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
malaria symptoms
IVDU
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
30. What does gonococi cause
Weil Felix test
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
fermentation - definition
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
31. When should prophylactic vaccination of rabies vaccination occur
Immediately upon exposure
IVDU
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
E. coli - proteus
32. What are the lab findings for candida albicans
Vulvuvaginitis
Dimorphic: yeast with pseudohyphae in culture at 20C - germ tube formation at 37C (diagnostic)
Severe pneumonia
Cmv
33. What serum markers are present in Chronic Hep B with high infectivity
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
Yeast - protazoan
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
34. Many sided; most common is icosahedron
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
spiral - spirillum
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
polyhedral shape - defintion
35. Must be able to isolate organism from diseased host and grow organism in pure culture
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36. Present- day example of endosymbiosis; live inside an eukaryotic protist
Cyanophora paradoxa
Klebsiella pneumo
Salmonella
chromosomes in nucleus are...
37. Cell is in a hypertonic solution and cytoplasm shrinks
plasmolysis
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
chlamydia
38. When is H flu vaccine give
Virbrio cholera
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
Between 2 and 18 months
Dipoid RNA
39. ____ do no treat viral infections
antibiotics
HHV-6 roseola
cell membrane - function
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
40. Pleomorphic gram variable rod that causes vaginosis presenting as gray vaginal discharge with a fishy smell; non painful
Gardnerella vaginalis
aerobic
ADP ribosylation of G protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase - inc Cl - secretion into gut and dec Na absorption - H20 into gut lumen - voluminous rice water diarrhea
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
41. What is the nl flora in the oropharynx
Viridans group streptococci
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
Trigeminal ganglia
42. What causes typhoid fever - tricky Ts
Salmonella typhi
basic shapes of bacteria
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
43. Of the gram neg bacillus - which are not enterics
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
polyhedral shape - defintion
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
44. Bacteria and cyanobacteria (prokaryotes)
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
Resistant
VZV - chickenpox
monera kingdom
45. Allgin and carrageenan
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
food thickeners
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
46. 48 hr cyclic fever - HA - splenomegaly - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
C. diptheriae
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
double- stranded DNA
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
47. Methanogens - halophiles - and hyperthermophiles
JC - progressive mutlifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
3 groups in archaea
species
Elevated CRP and ESR
48. Death of tissue
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
necrosis
49. What do you see on blood agar with C. perfringens
Entamoeba histolytica
Double zone of hemolysis
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
50. Is there person to person transmissino of legionella and What is the TX
No - erythromycin
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
hyperthermophiles
HBV