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Microbiology
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Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Which Abx are ineffective against obligate anaerobes and why - where are anaerobes nl found
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
Viral gastroenteritis
mycology
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
2. What does Anti HBcAg (IgM) indicate
VZV - chickenpox
Pox - complex
Acute/recent infection
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
3. What species causes bloody diarrhea is a protozoan
plant kingdom
S. aureus
cytoplasm - definition
Entamoeba histolytica
4. Methanogens - halophiles - and hyperthermophiles
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
3 groups in archaea
HEV
Nucleus - except parvovirus
5. Which spirochete can be visulized using aniline dyes in light microscopy
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
C. trachomatis - subactue - often undiagnosed - N. gono - acute with high fever; C. trachomatis is the most common STI in the US
Only borrelia
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
6. 'powerhouse of the cell' - involved with ATP (energy) productions; contain 70S ribosomes
mitochondria - function
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
microaerophilic
trichomoniasis...
7. PNA in adults 40 yrs to 65 yrs
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
8. No ribosomes; synthesizes lipids and steroids - transports and sorts molecules during synthesis
smooth ER
peptidoglycan - definition
endospores are resistant to (4)
plant kingdom
9. Cilia - flagella - cell wall* - cytoplasm - ribosomes
H flu
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
10. Which are the HHAPPPPy viruses
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
11. Host cell usually lyses - lysozyme produced
release (B)
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
assembly (AV)
endospores - definition
12. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the log phase
Acute/recent infection
Rapid cell division
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
actinomycetes (3) - description
13. Many sided; most common is icosahedron
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
coccus
polyhedral shape - defintion
C. perfringens
14. 80S = 60S + 40S
Salmonella
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
15. Which gram pos bacteria have branching filamentous morphology
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
arrangements of bacteria
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
16. What happens in tertiary syphillis
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
17. How does TSST work
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
Schistosoma haematobium
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Borrelia recurrentis
18. Animal - plant - fungi - protista - and monera
pseudopodia
endospores are resistant to (4)
five kingdoms of microorganisms
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
19. trichinella spiralis - tricky Ts
Nematode in undercooked meat
Bartonella sp
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
20. Fungus grows on bird droppings - humans inhale spores which infect lungs
HIV - sexual
Unimmunised kids
histoplasmosis
Doxycycline
21. What feature of influenza virus promotes it entry into cells
Strep bovis - also group D
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
eukaryotic organelles (5)
Hemagluttin
22. Eukaryotic and non - photosynthetic; can produce asexual and sexual spores
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
fungi
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
23. pus - empyema - abcess
algology
Hemagluttin
S. aureus
CXCR4 on CD4 cells - CCR5 on CD4 and MACS - homozygous CCRF mutation confer immunity - CCR5 heterozygoes have slower course
24. Dimorphic/biphasic
what many pathogenic fungi are
S. epidermidis
3 groups in archaea
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
25. Of the sereptypes of chlamydia trachomatis - which cause urethritis/PID ectopic pregs - neonatal pneumonia with staccato cough - or neonatal conjunctivitis
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
D- K
Vagina
26. Bugs in hospital acquired PNA
Ring enhancing brain lesions
Staph or enteric GNR
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
27. What components make up the naked icosahedral viral structure
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
JC virus causing PML
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
28. Help bacteria to attach to one another
L1 - L2 - L3
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
pili - function
29. What is the fxn and chemical composition of plasmid
motility of bacteria
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Sterility
C. perfringens
30. What does rubeloa virus cause
3 groups in archaea
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Yeast - protazoan
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
31. Simple - special - and differential
Negative
staining of bacteria
malaria prevention
Children; parainfluenza (croup seal like barking cough) - mumps - measles and RSV (bronchiolitis - PNA) in infants
32. What kind of result is expected from the Weill Felix test in Q fever
Yersinia enterocolitica
chlamydia
flagella - function
Negative
33. trypanosoma - tricky Ts
Weil Felix test
Mononuclear cells
M. avium intracellulare
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
34. What organism causes syphillis and what happens in primary syphillis
icosahedron
Antigen in vaccines
EBV
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
35. What virulence factor binds Fc region of Ig - prevents opsonization and phagocytosis and what bug has it
Can't make their own ATP - cause mucosal infections
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
Protein A - S. aureus
Diphyllobothrium latum
36. What species causing bloody or watery diarrhea produces a pseudomembranous colitis
C. diff
CMV - RSV
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Echinococcus granulosus
37. What is the most invasive H flu disease caused by and what virulence factor does it produce
Rubella
Virbrio cholera
Type B protease IgA
how do viruses take over a host cell?
38. Where does the rickettsiae rash start and Where does the typhus rash start
Treponema
protozoology
endospores are resistant to (4)
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
39. ___ of cancers are known to be _____ induced
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
Toxoid vaccine
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
10%; viral
40. This bacteria is usually transmitted from pet feces - contaminated milk or pork - What does it cause
capsid - definition
Shigella
B. cereus
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
41. Which gram neg bacteria have pleomorphic morphology
Toxin A - enterotoxin binds to brush border of the gut - Toxin B - cytotoxin - destroys the cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes - causing pseudomembranous colitis
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
plasmid - function
42. Patient serum mixed with proteus antigen - and anti - rickettsial antibodies cross react to proteus O antigen and agglutinate
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
HHV-6 roseola
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
Weil Felix test
43. This bacteria causes gastritis and up to 90% of duodenal ulcers - risk factor for peptic ulcer - gastric adenocarcinoma - lymphoma
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
H. pylori
S - definition
Pseudomonas
44. What are agryll roberston pupils
B anthracis - anthrax - cutaneous is black eschar ulcer (painless) can progress to bacteremia or death - pulmonary anthrax is inhalation of spores producing flu - like sx that rapidly progress to fever pulmonary hemorrhage - mediastinitis and shock
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
45. How does mucomycosis present clinically
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
animal kingdom
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
46. What kind of microbes cause recurrent infections in patients with chronic granulomatous disease and why
Viridans group streptococci
Vulvuvaginitis
anaerobic
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
47. which viruses are kind of diploid and What are the others
No they are T cells reacting to EBV infected cells
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
48. CO2 concentration and temperature
Borrelia burgdorferi
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
archaea domain
49. Water movement with hypotonic solution or hypertonic solution
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
osmotic pressure
bacteria domain
50. What does meningococci cause
Antigen in urine
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
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