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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What does the chylamidial cell wall lack
C. diptheriae
gram- positive stain - color
Muramic acid
Clostridium perfringens
2. How does toxoplasmosis appear on CT/MRI in HIV pts
Ring enhancing brain lesions
gram- negative stain - explanation
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
3. What species causes bloody diarrhea is a protozoan
Azithromycin
HEV
All except coxiella are via arthropod
Entamoeba histolytica
4. What schistosoma species is associated with squamous cell carcinoma - and of what organi
Ingestion of preformed toxin
Haematobium - bladder
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
assembly (B)
5. What are the key features of systemic mycoses
Rose gardner's
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
6. What bugs are the facultative intracellular
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
Vulvuvaginitis
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
7. What are the 3 structural proteins coded for by the HIV genome
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
S. aureus
Env - gp120 and gp41 - gag - p24 - pol - reverse transcriptase
Crohns or appendicitis
8. Which bacteria don't stain well because they are too thin to be visualized
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
Hemagluttin
Treponema
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
9. What bugs are obligate aerobes
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
Specialized transduction - an excision event
Many treponemas
10. In the chlamydiae replication cycle - What is released from a lysed host cell
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
Elementary body
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Toxplasmosis
11. What does Anti HBcAg (IgM) indicate
archaea domain
Acute/recent infection
not acid- fast - colo
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
12. In what population does HCV cause hepaitits
When nutriets are limited
bacteriophage - definition
Pen
IVDU
13. What are the diagnostic markers of UTI
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
ABC
Superantigen
Lower lobe
14. What are the 3 C's for measles
cell wall - function
bacteria domain
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
Actinomyces and nocardia
15. intestinal nematode causing anal pruritis - scotch tape test - org - transmission - tx
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Haematobium - bladder
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
16. Golgi complex - mitochondria - chloroplasts* - endoplasmic reticulum - nucleus
eukaryotic organelles (5)
cell membrane - definition
Theory of Biogenesis
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
17. currant jelly sputum
adsorption (B)
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
Klebsiella
18. painful penile - vulvar cervical vesicles and uclers - can cause systemic symptoms such as fever - HA - myalgia - org and dz
HSV-2 - genital herpes
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
Bordetella pertussis
Type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diptheria toxoid or other protein
19. What Abx does the gram neg outer membance inhbit entry of - but which derivatives of that same class might they be sensitive to...
Metabolic activity without division
food industry
Salmonella
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
20. Sepis/meningitis in newborn
flagella - description
Group B strep
genus
Meningococci
21. Which flaviviruses are also arboviruses and which are not
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
smooth ER
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
Gambiense - rhodesiense
22. What is the TX for mycoplasma pneumonia
Mumps virus - mumps
All except coxiella are via arthropod
not acid- fast - colo
Tetracycline or erythromycin
23. When is the AIDS dx made
Cmv
mycology
Actinomyces isreallii
CD4 less than or equal to 200 - or HIV pos with AIDS defining conditino like pneumocytsis jerovici or a CD4/CD8 < 1.5
24. Spaghetti and meatball appearance on KOH prep - dz - organism
taxonomic hierarchy
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
what many pathogenic fungi are
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
25. What kind of exotoxin does bordetella pertussis have and What does it do
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
specialized flagella
Vanc resis enterococci and are important cause of nosocomial infection
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
26. TB like dz in HIV pos pt with CD4 < 50
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
production of beer and wine
27. Hairy leukoplakia often on lateral tongue in HIV pos pt
HSV-2 - genital herpes
differential staining example
EBV
Paramyxovirus; measles
28. How does invasive aspergillosis present in the HIV pos pt
Croup - seal like barking cough
Alpha toxin - a lecithinase that acta s a phospholipase to cleave cell membranes and causes a gas gangrene
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
Diphyllobothrium latum
29. Must be able to isolate organism from diseased host and grow organism in pure culture
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30. What shape are campylobacter and What are the lab findings
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
Envelope proteins
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
31. What is the TX for candidiasis
Pets - treat with topical azoles
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
methanogens
Borrelia burgdorferi
32. In who do you see meningitis from h flu type b
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
ADP ribosylation of G protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase - inc Cl - secretion into gut and dec Na absorption - H20 into gut lumen - voluminous rice water diarrhea
M. kansasii
Unimmunised kids
33. What are the two forms for chlamydiae
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
Resistant
34. tissue nematode causing skin inflammation and ulceration - org - transmission - tx
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
food industry
C. diptheriae
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
35. Lowercase/italics or underlined
species
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
genus
Treponema - primary syphillis
36. surgical wound
histoplasmosis
Robert Koch
HBsAg - HBeAg - IgM - Anti - HBcAg
S. aureus
37. What is the fxn and chemical composition of bacterial spore
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
IVDU
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
38. Bugs in hospital acquired PNA
Toxoid vaccine
Staph or enteric GNR
cell membrane - function
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
39. The mild heating of a substance to kill spoilage organisms (bacteria)
Toxoplasmosis
C. botulinum
pasteurization
No - erythromycin
40. With strep grown on bacitracin - which are sensitive and which are resistant
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
41. Which virus determines infectivity of the phenotypically mixed virus - and what will the progeny of this infection have
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
glycocalyx - description
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
42. Animal - plant - fungi - protista - and monera
Burn wounds - nosocomial pneumonia - pneumonias in cystic fibrosis
five kingdoms of microorganisms
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
43. Brain abscesses in HIV - classic triad of chorioretinitis - hydrocephalus - intracranial calcifications - dz - transmission - dx - and tx
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
what peptidoglycan is composed of
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
44. What color sputum - and sepsis in which patients is associated with pneumococcus
envelope is composed of...
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
Doxycycline
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
45. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
penetration (AV)
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
Resistant
M. tuberculosis
46. Which are the DNA nucleocapsid viruses
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
icosahedron
many humans would test antibody positive for this
47. Where are spores of C. botulinum found
Only borrelia
Rubella german measles
Lower lobe
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
48. 1673 - First to see microorganisms - marked beginning of microbiology - 'animalcules' - 'father of the microscope'
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Measles rubeola - measles
staining of bacteria
Superantigen
49. Toxic effect with oysters and mollusks
red tide
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
50. What cell wall structures are common to both gram pos and gram neg bacteria
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
Borrelia burgdorferi
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
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