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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What immunolgic infections does s pyogenes cause
Rheumatic fever - acute glomerulonephritis
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
Envelope proteins
John Needham - experiment
2. What does Anti HBsAg indicate
Spikes
Clostridium tetani
Only borrelia
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
3. Which bacteria make catalase and which do not
4. Urinary catheterization is a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
cell wall - function
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
E. coli - proteus
5. What is the triad of HUS
polyhedral shape - defintion
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
HIV - malnutrition - death
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
6. meningitis in >60
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
Parvo - single stranded
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
replication (AV)
7. Which kind of neisseria is sexually transmitted
Heat labile toxin
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
malaria
Gonococci
8. protozoa causing spiking fevers - hepatosplenomegaly - pancytopenia - dz - org - transmission - dx - tx
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
osmotic lysis
E. coli 0157:H7
9. foul - smelling greenish vaginal discharge - itching - burning - protozoa - transmission - dx and tx
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
adsorption (B)
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
10. What kind of exotoxin does bordetella pertussis have and What does it do
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
N. gono causing gono
11. asplenic pt
Dipicolinic acid
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
12. What are the lab findings for candida albicans
Dimorphic: yeast with pseudohyphae in culture at 20C - germ tube formation at 37C (diagnostic)
Avain resevoir
red algae make
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
13. gummas - tabes dorsalis - general paresis - aortisis - argyll robertson pupils - org and dz
H flu
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
14. Ringworm - athlete's food - jock itch
red algae make
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
fungal infection examples (3)
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
15. What are the only circular DNA viruses
bacteria domain
spiral - vibrio
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
16. Which are the DNA nucleocapsid viruses
Killed viral vaccine
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
Antibody to HBeAg - indicates low transmissability
17. Is there person to person transmissino of legionella and What is the TX
Diphyllobothrium latum
Pseudomonas
No - erythromycin
Serratia
18. Tightly coiled
gram- negative stain - explanation
Yeast - protazoan
adsorption (AV)
spiral - spirochete
19. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the stationary phase
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
helical shape - definition
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
Starts quickly and ends quickly
20. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
medical important mycobacteria
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
pili - function
21. Patient serum mixed with proteus antigen - and anti - rickettsial antibodies cross react to proteus O antigen and agglutinate
Foul smelling (short chain fatty acids) - difficult to culture - produce gas in tissues (CO2 - H2)
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
Weil Felix test
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
22. ___ of cancers are known to be _____ induced
E. coli - proteus
10%; viral
red algae make
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
23. With strep grown on bacitracin - which are sensitive and which are resistant
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
bacteria domain
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
24. Capsule outside cell wall - usually sticky - composed of polysaccharide and/or polypeptide
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
All of them
glycocalyx - description
25. What are the black skin lesions in anthrax caused by
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
actinomycetes (3) - description
26. What does shiga toxin do and what bugs produce it
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
Severe pneumonia
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
27. How do you treat lyme disease
Cyanophora paradoxa
Surfers in the tropics
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
Chlamydia trachomatis
28. The host cell's plasma membrane
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
envelope is composed of...
protista kingdom
Strep bovis - also group D
29. What kind of exotoxin does corneybacterium have and What does it do
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
Measles rubeola - measles
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
ADP ribosylation of G protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase - inc Cl - secretion into gut and dec Na absorption - H20 into gut lumen - voluminous rice water diarrhea
30. What is the fxn and chemical composition of plasmid
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Gonococci
three domains of microorganisms
Bacterial superinfection
31. B12 def - parasite
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
10 to 12
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Diphyllobothrium latum
32. Dilated cardiomyopathy - megacolon - megaesophagus in south america - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
oxygen requirements of bacteria
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
33. What are PE signs of PID
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
Haematobium - bladder
replication (B)
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
34. What protozoa can cause watery diarrhea
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
35. What is the TX for pneumocystis jerovici
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200
Legionella
Metabolic activity without division
endocytosis...
36. How does TSST work
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
Gonococci
37. tissue nematode that causes swelling in the skin and can see worms crawling in the conjunctiva - org - transmission - tx
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
Teichoic acid
S. epidermidis
38. Pure culture must cause same disease in test host
39. Where does HIV virus duplicate during latent phase
Enterobacter cloacae
Hemagluttin
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block
Lymph nodes
40. How do rabies virus reach the CNS
commercial applications
protozoa (3)
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
mitochondria - function
41. Latin american - captain wheel appearance
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Paracoccidioidomycosis
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
42. What makes a virus a retrovirus - name two
Elevated CRP and ESR
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
Koch's Postulates 3
43. slapped cheek rah on face later appears over body in reticular 'lace - like' pattern - can cause hydrops fetalis in pregnant women - agent and dz
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
S - definition
red algae make
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
44. What is a capsule conjugated with a protein
Antigen in vaccines
differential staining example
E. coli
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
45. What can cause food poisoning in meat - maynaisse custard with pre - formed toxin
Staph or H. flu
Strep pneumo and viridans
S. aureus
endospores - definition
46. What tod the lab studies show for mycoplasma pneumonia
47. genital warts and koilocytes - org and dz
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
48. Who mostly gets infected with leptospira
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
B cells
Oral and esophageal thrush
Surfers in the tropics
49. Glycocalyx - flagella - fimbriae - pili - cell wall
Episodes of fever - jaundice and inc AST/ALT
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
structures of prokaryotic cell
50. What does HDV require and What are the possible infxns it can cause
C. botulinum
capsid - definition
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)