Test your basic knowledge |

Microbiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Mild respiratory infection
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
double- stranded RNA
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
anaerobic

2. What does Anti HBsAg indicate
Rabies
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
Naegleria fowleri - freshwater lakes through cribiform plate - amoebas in spinal fluid - amphotericin for survivors
Pseudomonas

3. Non - enveloped virus is engulfed by host cell; enveloped virus fusion of the envelope with cell membrane
penetration (AV)
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
Paragonimus westermani
Spikes

4. What is seen on with the dermatophytes with KOH prep
Oral and esophageal thrush
Croup - seal like barking cough
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis - lung cavity aspergilloma 'fungus ball' invasice aspergillosis in immunoCised pts and those with chronic granulomatous disease
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic

5. What does the quellung reaction test for and What does a positive result indicate
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added

6. Squamous cell carcinoma in anus of MSM or cervix of females of HIV pso pt
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
Parvo - single stranded
PHV
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin

7. How does tetanus toxin cause tetanus
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
Blocka glycine and GABA release - inhibitory NTs from Renshaw cells in spinal cord
protozoa (3)
Actinomyces isreallii

8. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in mom or mono - like illness causing hearing loss - petechial rash in the neonate - org and mode of transmission
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
C. perfringens
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants

9. Of the gram neg bacillus - which are not enterics
antibiotics
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Mycobacterium TB (Pott's dz)
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella

10. Contains genetic material (DNA) on chromosomes; largest organelle
Meningococci
Clindamycin or ampicillin
nucleus
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils

11. Same organism must be found in all cases of disease

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

12. Protein synthesis
ribosomes - function
gram- negative cell wall
Mycoplasma
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)

13. How endospores return to metabolizing cells when environmental conditions are better (food and water present)
Actinomyces isreallii
ribosomes - function
germination
Pasteurella multocida

14. gram pos anaerobe - causes oral - facial abscesses that may drain through sinus tracts of skin - yellow sulfur granules - nl oral flora
Actinomyces israeli
viral shapes
<30 - military - prisons
Protein synthesis - 30S and 50S subunits

15. Plasmodium (4 different species) - transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquito - organism is on a biology clock (multiple of 24 hours)
Endothelium swells and narrows lumen - leading to mechanical hemolysis and reduced renal blood flow - damaged endothelium consumes platelets
malaria
specific
Sterility

16. What are VRE and What do they cause
Doxycycline
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
Vanc resis enterococci and are important cause of nosocomial infection
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces

17. What is the characteristic feature of cells infected by CMV

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

18. Thin peptidoglycan layer plus an outer membrane
icosahedron
gram- negative cell wall
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides

19. When 1 of 2 viruses that infects the cell has a mutation that results in nonfxnal protein - What is called when the nonmutated makes a fxnal protein that serves both viruses
oxygen requirements of bacteria
Flulike (acute) - feeling fine (latent) - falling count - final crisis
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox

20. Name the live attenuated vaccines

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

21. What OI/diseease occurs in the lungs of AIDS pts
icosahedron
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
Saucer shaped yeast forms

22. What does infxn with vibrio cholerae produce and How does it produce it
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma

23. What are the viral causes of meningitis
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Salpingitis
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate

24. Size - cell structure - replication
fungi kingdom
gram- positive stain - color
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

25. Work in the renal dialysis unit is risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
HBV
Bad xray - worse than pt - high titer of cold agglutinins (IgM) which can agglutinate or lyse RBCs - grown on Eaton's agar
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract

26. currant jelly sputum
Klebsiella
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
Chronic disease - positive during window period

27. Which bacteria don't stain well because they are too thin to be visualized
tetanus
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Treponema
10 to 12

28. What are the key features of systemic mycoses
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
acid- fast organism - definition
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
Klebsiella

29. Of the sereptypes of chlamydia trachomatis - which cause urethritis/PID ectopic pregs - neonatal pneumonia with staccato cough - or neonatal conjunctivitis
D- K
Neuraminidase
adsorption (B)
CMV

30. PNA in adults 18yrs to 40yrs
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
cilia
Entertoxigenic E. coli

31. In who does HEV have high mortality
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
Capsid protein
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Pregnant women

32. superficial neoplastic proliferation of vasculature in HIV pos pt where biopsy reveals lymphocytic inflammation
HHV-8 - KS
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms

33. What drug is give as prophylaxis for close contacts of of meningococci
glycocalyx - function
Rifampin
HAV - RNA picornavirus
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact

34. perianal pruritis - parasite
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
Enterobius
Rubella - respiratory droplets
arrangements - staphylo

35. encephalopathy in HIV pos pt due to reactivation of latent virus resulting in demyelination
JC virus causing PML
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
Actinomyces isreallii
Bacteria - STD

36. What is the organism for endemic typhus (human body louse)
HBV from needle stick
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
R. prowazekii

37. Death of tissue
necrosis
Paramyxovirus; measles
Cell Theory
Silver stain

38. Help bacteria to attach to one another
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Proteus - klebsiella - H. pylori - ureaplasma - particular kinds have urease
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
pili - function

39. hemoptysis - parasite
what envelope contains
Paragonimus westermani
bacteriology
fungi kingdom

40. Antiviral drugs exist but are usually very ____
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
specific
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel

41. Animal - plant - fungi - protista - and monera
five kingdoms of microorganisms
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
Smallpox - although eradicated - could be used in germ warfare Vaccinia - cowpox 'milkmaid's blisters' Molluscum contagiosum - flesh colored dome lesions with central dimple
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe

42. dog or cat bite
Children
Pasteurella multocida
virus example
Rose gardner's

43. How does invasive aspergillosis present in the HIV pos pt
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
Smallpox - although eradicated - could be used in germ warfare Vaccinia - cowpox 'milkmaid's blisters' Molluscum contagiosum - flesh colored dome lesions with central dimple
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging

44. when viruses with a segmented genomes (influenza virus) exchange segments - high frequency recombination - cause of worldwide influenza pandemics
Reassortment
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
viral shapes
CMV retinitis

45. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the plasma membrance in bacteria
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer
gram- negative stain - color
Mononuclear cells

46. Helical - polyhedral - complex
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
S. aureus
viral shapes
protozoology

47. Why aren't myccolasma seen on gram stain
No cell wall
ABC
Chlamydia trachomatis
Gonococci

48. How are rickettsiae transmitted
All except coxiella are via arthropod
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus

49. cestode causing neurocysticercosis - org - transmission - tx
replication for eukaryotes
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
All except coxiella are via arthropod
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole

50. Respiratory therapy equipment is risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
Pseudomonas
Bordetella pertussis