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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How do rabies virus reach the CNS
mycology
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
fungi
what many pathogenic fungi are
2. What happens in tertiary syphillis
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
five kingdoms of microorganisms
Staph or H. flu
glycocalyx - description
3. What is pontiac fever
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
4. What serum markers are present in Chronic Hep B with high infectivity
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
5. Spirochetes have axial filaments which wrap around the cell causing it to move in a corkscrew manner
Clostridium botulinum
C. diptheriae
Have flagella - disseminate hematogenously - produce H2S - symptoms can be prolonged with Abx - typically a monocytic response
specialized flagella
6. In which pts is it dangerous to give live vaccines to...
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
Haematobium - bladder
H. flu
humans do not have
7. What kind of immunity to killed/inactivated viral vaccines induce - and What is the benefit
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
Only humoral - stable
Recombination
bacillus
8. Severe diarrhea in AIDS - mild disease with watery diarrhea in immunoCtent - dz - transmission - dx - and tx
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
9. Osteomyelitis in most people is caused from
Robert Hooke
S. aureus
Spikes
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
10. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in the mother with possible lymphadenopathy - causes chorioretinitis - hydrocephalus - and intracranial calcifications in the neonate - org and transmission
Strep pneumo - klebesiella - H flu type b - N. meningititides - salmonella - group B strep
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
Treponema - primary syphillis
11. What bug grows on lowenstein jensen agar
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Envelope proteins
M. tuberculosis
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
12. Some strains of this organism causing UTI produce red pigment - they are often nosocomial and drug resistant
R. typhi
Enterobius
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
Serratia marcescens
13. Osteomyelitis in sickle cell
Salmonella
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
14. What are the only double stranded RNA viruses
Reoviridae - rotavirus
mycoplasma (5) - description
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
15. What color sputum - and sepsis in which patients is associated with pneumococcus
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Borrelia burgdorferi
16. What must negative stranded viruses do and what must they bring with them to do it
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
flagella
17. What acid is in the spore core
microbiology
Croup - seal like barking cough
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
Dipicolinic acid
18. What does neg PPD indicated
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
19. Osteomyelitis in the vertebrae
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20. Trichomonas vaginalis - STD - many women and men are asymptomatic
JC virus causing PML
trichomoniasis...
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
Interstitial pneumonia - AIDS - diffuse bilateral CXR appearance - dx by lung biopsy or lavage - ID- ed by methanamine silver stain of lung tissue
21. What are the obligate anaerobes and What do they lack (and hence suscpetible to)
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
Prior HAV infection - protects against reinfection
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
22. Where do DNA viruses replicate
35 to 37 weeks - intrapartum pen prophylaxis
Virbrio cholera
Nucleus - except parvovirus
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
23. Amoebic dysentry - giardia - trichomoniasis - malaria - toxplasmosis
protozoan infections (5)
Prolonged nutrient depletion and buildup of waste products leads to death
Transformation or competence
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
24. Capsule outside cell wall - usually sticky - composed of polysaccharide and/or polypeptide
Sexual activity - but not an STI
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
glycocalyx - description
25. Basic shapes - arrangements - motility - staining - oxygen requirements
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Staph make it - strep don't
archaea domain
characteristics of bacteria (5)
26. What viruses make up the PaRaMyxovirus family and What do they do
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Doxycycline
27. Where are spores of C. botulinum found
HHV 6 - roseola
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
plasmid - definition
28. What are the 4 Cs of HCV
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
motility of bacteria
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
29. Leading cause of UTI - colonies show metallic sheen on EMB agar
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
E. coli
Surfers in the tropics
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
30. What are negri bodies and when are they seen
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
Mucor or rhizopus
31. Adsorption - penetration - replication - assembly - release
Metronidazole
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
S. aureus
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
32. Who typically gets sporothrix
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33. Which are the RNA nucelocapsid viruses
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
Syphillis - sexual contact
cytoplasm - definition
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
34. What is the difference in route of infection of botulism in adults vs babies
flagella - function
Both are lactose fermenters - both invade intestinal mucosa and can cause blood diarrhea
food industry
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
35. portal HTN - parasite
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever
arrangements - strepto...
Schistosoma mansori
36. taenia solium - tricky Ts
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Vulvuvaginitis
interferon
Bordetella pertussis
37. nematode causing intestinal infection - vomiting - diarrhea - anemia - org - transmission - tx
IgG Anti - HBcAg
lipids (fats) =
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
38. Extrachromosomal piece of genetic information - can be genetically engineered
plant kingdom
Serratia
plasmid - definition
pili - function
39. Will show the difference between two things
lysozyme
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
differential staining of bacteria
40. Host cell usually lyses - lysozyme produced
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
release (B)
germination
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
41. What are the sites for extrapulmonary TB
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42. Fever and chills
malaria symptoms
Pasteurella multocida
icosahedron
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
43. ____ do no treat viral infections
Theory of Biogenesis
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
antibiotics
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
44. What diseases can CMV cause and What is the route of infection
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
Rotavirus - adenovirus - norwalk virus
anaerobic
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
45. lysogenic phage infects bacterium - viral DNA incorporated into bacterial chromosome - when phage DNA is excised can bring portions of bacterial chromosome into capside
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
M. kansasii
Specialized transduction - an excision event
Clostridium tetani
46. Glycocalyx - flagella - fimbriae - pili - cell wall
Type B protease IgA
structures of prokaryotic cell
No cell wall
Children
47. PNA in children 4wks to 18yrs
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Protein A - S. aureus
35 to 37 weeks - intrapartum pen prophylaxis
48. What is the resevoir for Microsporum and What is the management
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Pets - treat with topical azoles
49. Tetanus - toxin prevents relaxation of muscles
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer
Clostridium tetani
Viridans group streptococci
50. What organism secretes streptolysin O and What is it used for
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Koch's Postulates 2
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
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