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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What kind does exotoxin from C. botulinum do
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves
HIV - malnutrition - death
nucleus
Streptococcus - staphylococus
2. What does coronavirus do
glycocalyx - function
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Common cold and SARS
malaria
3. What immunolgic infections does s pyogenes cause
protista kingdom
Rheumatic fever - acute glomerulonephritis
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
facultative
4. Prokaryotes
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
Bacteria - STD
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
bacteria domain
5. Which gram pos bacteria have branching filamentous morphology
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
6. What are the gram pos bacilli
Surfers in the tropics
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
Diphyllobothrium latum
molds
7. Prevents contraction of muscles
Histoplasmosis
flaccid paralysis
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes
Envelope proteins
8. What do you see on blood agar with C. perfringens
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Double zone of hemolysis
Francisella tularenis
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
9. Contains genetic material
chromosome - function
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves
S. aureus
10. What can cause food poisoning in reheated rice
Yeast - protazoan
Saucer shaped yeast forms
acid- fast organism - definition
B. cereus
11. What is the technique to visualize treponema
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
E. Coli
replication for eukaryotes
Does not ferment sorbitol
12. Water aerosols are a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Silver stain
Legionella
Sacral ganglia
Tetracycline or erythromycin
13. What prophylactic treatment is given to AIDS pts to prevent M. avium intracellulare
Wound and burn infectinos - Pneumonia in CF - sepsis - external otitis (swimmer's ear) - UTI - drug use and diabetic osteomyelitis and hot tub follculitis
Azithromycin
fungal infection examples (3)
capsid - definition
14. African sleeping sickness: enlarged lymph nodes - recurring fever - organism - transmission - dx - tx
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
15. What species causes bloody diarrhea - is comma or S shaped and grows at 42C
Campylobacter
Entertoxigenic E. coli
All of them
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
16. taenia solium - tricky Ts
spiral - spirillum
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
facultative
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
17. What test is done with a smear of an openedskin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells and What is used for
Recombination
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
18. Pleomorphic gram variable rod that causes vaginosis presenting as gray vaginal discharge with a fishy smell; non painful
Gardnerella vaginalis
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
Immediately upon exposure
glycocalyx - function
19. gummas - tabes dorsalis - general paresis - aortisis - argyll robertson pupils - org and dz
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
Genetic drift - epidemic
differential staining example
M. tuberculosis
20. What color sputum - and sepsis in which patients is associated with pneumococcus
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
rickettsia
malaria symptoms
21. What does inflammatory diseases do staph aureus cause
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
spiral - vibrio
Skin infections - organ abscesses - pneumonia
C tetani
22. What cell wall structures are found only in gram neg bacteria
Mycoplasma
Genetic shift - pandemic
Mucor or rhizopus
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
23. What is the organism for endemic typhus (human body louse)
R. prowazekii
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
Spikes
Motility - protein
24. Which Abx are ineffective against obligate anaerobes and why - where are anaerobes nl found
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
vaginal yeast infections can be caused by this
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
25. Purple
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
gram- positive stain - color
flaccid paralysis
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
26. When is the AIDS dx made
Surfers in the tropics
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
CD4 less than or equal to 200 - or HIV pos with AIDS defining conditino like pneumocytsis jerovici or a CD4/CD8 < 1.5
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
27. Which DNA virus does not replicate in the nucleus
Silver stain
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
Strep pneumo and viridans
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
28. What are the 4 Cs of HCV
Rubella
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
60%; viruses
aerobic
29. Adsorption - penetration - replication - assembly - release
Staph make it - strep don't
fungi
Cmv
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
30. What associations go with listeria monocytogenes
protozoa (3)
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
Trigeminal ganglia
31. Requires absence of oxygen
replication for prokaryotes
Lymph nodes
anaerobic
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
32. What toxin mediated diseases does staph aureas cause
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
Actinomyces israeli
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin
33. In the chlamydiae replication cycle - what undergoes binary fission and where
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
molds
Actic polymerization
34. What bacteria has protein A and What does it do
plasmid - definition
R. prowazekii
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
35. What is the fever cycle for p. falciparum
HSV-2 - genital herpes
Only borrelia
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
36. What are prion disease caused by
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
Proteus mirabilis
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
37. yeast - molds - mushrooms
Wound and burn infectinos - Pneumonia in CF - sepsis - external otitis (swimmer's ear) - UTI - drug use and diabetic osteomyelitis and hot tub follculitis
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
fungi kingdom
algae characteristics (3)
38. Where doe HSV1 cells remain latent
Trigeminal ganglia
Salmonella
envelope is composed of...
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
39. What gram pos rods form spores in soil
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
botulism
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
gram- negative cell wall
40. What happens in stage 1 of lyme disease
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
flagella - function
All of them
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
41. Which are the naked viruses
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
42. What is the TX for h pylori
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
HSV-2 - genital herpes
43. rubeola - lots of spots
ribosomes - function
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
glycocalyx - description
Paramyxovirus; measles
44. What 3 pathways does endotoxin activate
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Anaerobes
45. Which DNA viruses are not linear
Acute/recent infection
flagella - description
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
46. Chains
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
arrangements - strepto...
Anti - HAVAb IgM
Inc - inc lymphos - inc - dec
47. neutropenic pts
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
myc/myo means
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
Candida and aspergillus
48. What are the two reoviruses and What do they cause
Teichoic acid
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
49. What species causing bloody diarrhea often causes outbreaks in days care centers and can cause pseudoappendicitis
pili - function
Owl's eye inculsions
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
Yersinia enterocolitica
50. Reassortment of viral genome (human flu A virus recombines with swine flu A virus
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
Pets - treat with topical azoles
Genetic shift - pandemic
Streptococcus - staphylococus