Test your basic knowledge |

Microbiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the lab findings for cholera
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Haematobium - bladder
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes

2. What does reverse transcriptase do in HIV
acid- fast - color
Synthesized dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
B. cereus
they are eukaryotes

3. How do dormant tubercle bacilli end up in multiple organs - and what happens
Coagulation cascade - DIC
chromosomes in nucleus are...
CMV - RSV
Preallergic lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination - reactivation in adult life

4. Chronic watery diarrhea in HIV pos pt with acid fast cysts seen in stool
smooth ER
Cryptosporidium
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Both are lactose fermenters - both invade intestinal mucosa and can cause blood diarrhea

5. Which bacteria grow pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
John Needham
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
Have flagella - disseminate hematogenously - produce H2S - symptoms can be prolonged with Abx - typically a monocytic response

6. What bug produces a red pigment
Prolonged nutrient depletion and buildup of waste products leads to death
many humans would test antibody positive for this
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Serratia

7. Prokaryotes
Gallbladder
Episodes of fever - jaundice and inc AST/ALT
bacteria domain
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles

8. Ribosomes - chromosomes - plasmid - cytoplasm
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
in prokaryotic cell membranes -
double- stranded DNA
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin

9. Why aren't myccolasma seen on gram stain
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
10 to 12
No cell wall

10. Bacillus (aerobic) and clostridium (anaerobic); both are soil organisms (can survive lack of water)
assembly (AV)
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
replication (B)
they are eukaryotes

11. intestinal nematode can cause anemia by sucking blood from the intestinal walls - orgs - transmission - tx
HIV - AIDS
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)

12. What can PID cause
release (AV)
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver

13. Of the serotypes of chlamidyia trachomatis - which cause chronic infection and blindness due to follicular conjunctivitis in Africa
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
ABC
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes

14. What are the best serologic markers to detect for active Hep A
Scarlet fever - toxic shock - like syndrome
Ingestion of preformed toxin
Anti - HAVAb IgM
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver

15. What does HDV require and What are the possible infxns it can cause
chemical synthesis...
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen

16. What is the TX for mycoplasma pneumonia
Pasteurella multocida
Tetracycline or erythromycin
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
Genetic shift - pandemic

17. When is H flu vaccine give
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
8 - orthomyoxovirus
Between 2 and 18 months

18. What does vibrio cholerae do to Gs
capsid - definition
acid- fast - color
CD4 less than or equal to 200 - or HIV pos with AIDS defining conditino like pneumocytsis jerovici or a CD4/CD8 < 1.5
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on

19. Botulism - prevents contraction of muscles - SIDS
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
Clostridium botulinum

20. Motility causes 'swarming' on agar - produces urease - associated with struvite stones - org causing UTI
Aseptic meningitis
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
Proteus mirabilis
Mycoplasma

21. Where does reactivation TB usually go - and What can precipitate reactivation
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
Toxoid vaccine

22. This rash begins at the head and moves down; postauricular lymphadenopathy - agent and dz
Severe bacteremia - death
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
Rubella german measles
nucleic acid

23. What bacteria requires acid fast stain to visualize
HBC - hepatitis B
Mycobacterium
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
S. aureus

24. Which hepatitis virus is the hepevirus
Campylocobacter jejuni
HEV
Prior HAV infection - protects against reinfection
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV

25. How do you treat lyme disease
monera kingdom
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
replication (AV)

26. Surrounds the capsid in some viruses
envelope - definition
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
Genetic shift - pandemic
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz

27. This fungi causes pneumonia and meningitis can disseminate to bone - cases inc after earthquakes - name of dz - classic histo finding and endemic area
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Edema factor - part of the toxin complex - is an adenylate cyclase
HIV - malnutrition - death
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules

28. Related to a fungus
myc/myo means
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
N. gono causing gono
histoplasmosis

29. What are the black skin lesions in anthrax caused by
HIV - malnutrition - death
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
rickettsia
Unimmunised kids

30. What is Treponema - tricky Ts
PHV
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Neuraminidase
Common cold and SARS

31. What tod the lab studies show for mycoplasma pneumonia

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

32. What bug grows on tellurite plate - lofflers media
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
C. diptheriae
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
Doxycycline

33. Require high salt concentrations
mitochondria - function
halophiles
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
cilia

34. 20 triangular faces and 12 corners
icosahedron
Shingles from VZV - kaposi sarcoma from HHV-8
Cryptococcus neoformans
Bat - racoon - skunk

35. What does p24 do
rickettsia
gram- positive stain - color
Capsid protein
osmotic pressure

36. What does poxvirus cause

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

37. Simple - special - and differential
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
staining of bacteria
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg

38. Membrane- bound - cellular structures that perform a function - analogous to organs in the body
eukaryotic organelles - definition
oral yeast infections =
Pseudomonas
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever

39. gram pos - weakly acid fast aerobe in soil - causing pulmonary infection in immuncompromised patients
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
Nocardia asteroides
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
infection process of animal viruses (6)

40. What does a UTI that ascends to the kidneys result in
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
fungi kingdom
Salmonella typhi
plasmid - function

41. Water moves into the cell; cell wall is strong = contains the swelling - cell wall is weak = osmotic lysis
genus
Guillain barre
not acid- fast - colo
hypotonic solution

42. What is the most important global cause of infantile gastroenteritis - what kind of virus is it - and What is the pathophys
nucleic acid
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
bacteriophage - definition

43. What is the classical presentation of mycoplasma pneumonia
Insidious onset - HA - non productive cough - diffuse interstitial infiltrate
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes
Chlamydia trachomatis

44. How does mucomycosis present clinically
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
in prokaryotic cell membranes -
algae characteristics (3)
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement

45. PNA in children 4wks to 18yrs
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Salmonella
cilia
Cmv

46. Nucleic acid is replicated; capsids and tails are made
arrangements - strepto...
replication (B)
plant kingdom
virology

47. Lyme dz - ixodes tick that lives on deer and micd
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Borrelia burgdorferi

48. Glycerol + fatty acid(s)
specific
lipids (fats) =
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
CD4 less than or equal to 200 - or HIV pos with AIDS defining conditino like pneumocytsis jerovici or a CD4/CD8 < 1.5

49. What doe HBV and HCV infxn predispose to...
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)

50. What happens in stage 1 of lyme disease
three domains of microorganisms
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms