Test your basic knowledge |

Microbiology

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. urethritis - cervicitis - conjunctivits - Reiters syndrome - PID - org and dz
osmotic pressure
Strep bovis - also group D
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
Metronidazole

2. What species causing bloody or watery diarrhea produces a pseudomembranous colitis
Oral and esophageal thrush
peptidoglycan - definition
spontaneous generation example
C. diff

3. How do bacterial capsules function
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
Superantigen
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C

4. Which DNA virus is not double stranded
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
staining of bacteria
Parvo - single stranded
Preallergic lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination - reactivation in adult life

5. Where do most enveloped viruses acquire their envelopes from and What are the exceptions
Entamoeba histolytica
endospores are formed via
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells

6. What kind of virus is the seasonal influenza virus
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
Killed viral vaccine
Between 2 and 18 months
Lower lobe

7. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 400
Pseudomonas
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
Oral thrush - tinea pedis - reactivation VZV - reactivation TB - bacterial infxns (H flu - S pneumo - Salmonella)

8. What is the TX for rickettsiae
All of them
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Doxycycline
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV

9. What kind of flora do neonates born by c section have
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
flagella
Bat - racoon - skunk
gram stain - definition

10. Will show the difference between two things
Resistant
differential staining of bacteria
Bacteria - STD
Yes

11. Cell is in a hypertonic solution and cytoplasm shrinks
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
plasmolysis
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide

12. What viruses make up the arena virus family
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
John Needham - experiment
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)

13. What OI/diseease occurs in the lungs of AIDS pts
Mucor or rhizopus
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea

14. What is only exception of DNA viruses that are not double stranded
what many pathogenic fungi are
Chronic disease - positive during window period
Parvoviridae
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)

15. What is the progression of disease in rabies infxn
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
how wine is spoiled
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
C tetani

16. Many protein subunits called capsomeres
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
Coagulation cascade - DIC
capsid is composed of...
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria

17. What are gp120 and gp41 together
Trigeminal ganglia
Entamoeba hisotlytica
Envelope proteins
Superantigen

18. roseola - lots of spots
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
Common cold and SARS
<30 - military - prisons
Staph saprophyticus

19. What is the resevoir for chlamydiae psittaci
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
Avain resevoir
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase

20. Site of protein synthesis; some are free in cytoplasm - others are bound to the rough ER
ribosomes - function
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Bacillus anthracis

21. 70S = 30S + 50S
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
Influenza virus
S. aureus

22. In which pts is it dangerous to give live vaccines to...
HIV - malnutrition - death
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 2
viral shapes

23. What is legionnaires disease
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
Borrelia recurrentis
Severe pneumonia

24. What species causes bloody diarrhea is a protozoan
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
arrangements - staphylo
Entamoeba histolytica
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl

25. What kind of virus and family are HBV
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
DNA hepadnavirus
Prolonged nutrient depletion and buildup of waste products leads to death

26. What are agryll roberston pupils
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
Viral gastroenteritis
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis

27. Look like molds - but cells are prokaryotic; have filamentous growth and some produce asexual spores; Streptomyces produces geosmin ('fresh dirt' smell) and many antibiotics
smooth ER
actinomycetes (3) - description
Koch's Postulates 3
Clostridium perfringens

28. What happens in stage 2 of lyme disease

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

29. What bacteria requires acid fast stain to visualize
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
rickettsia
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
Mycobacterium

30. What does catalase do
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis
oxygen requirements of bacteria

31. Pure culture must cause same disease in test host

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

32. Vesciular rash on palms and soles with ulcers in oral mucosa - agent and dz
Motility - protein
Bordetella pertussis
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome

33. variola - lots of spots
Tellurite agar
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
basic shapes of bacteria
endoplasmic reticulum - definition

34. Erythematous - sandpaper - like rahs with fever and sore throat - agent and dz
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
chemical synthesis...

35. PNA in children 4wks to 18yrs
virus example
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
anaerobic
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -

36. Some strains of this organism causing UTI produce red pigment - they are often nosocomial and drug resistant
S. aureus
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
C. trachomatis - subactue - often undiagnosed - N. gono - acute with high fever; C. trachomatis is the most common STI in the US
Serratia marcescens

37. Recurrent fever from variable surface antigen - transmitted by louse
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
Only borrelia
icosahedron
Borrelia recurrentis

38. What features are common to both salmonella and shigella
Both are lactose fermenters - both invade intestinal mucosa and can cause blood diarrhea
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI

39. Ability to move via flagella
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
motility of bacteria
spontaneous generation example
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced

40. intestinal nematode can cause anemia by sucking blood from the intestinal walls - orgs - transmission - tx
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
Rotavirus - adenovirus - norwalk virus
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block

41. How do you distinguish EHEC from other kinds of E. Coli
flagella
Does not ferment sorbitol
cell wall - function
Endothelium swells and narrows lumen - leading to mechanical hemolysis and reduced renal blood flow - damaged endothelium consumes platelets

42. toxoplasma - tricky Ts
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
Does not ferment sorbitol
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Protozoan - a TORCH infection

43. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the only bacterial membrane containing what substance
Bacillus anthracis
Campylobacter
Cholesterol
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin

44. Ribosomes - chromosomes - plasmid - cytoplasm
Toxplasmosis
HHV-6 roseola
S. aureus
in prokaryotic cell membranes -

45. What is the lab diagnosis of C. dipetheria
monera kingdom
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN

46. Unimmunized child with fever - dysphagia - drooling - and difficulty breathing due edematous cherry red epiglottis
Foul smelling (short chain fatty acids) - difficult to culture - produce gas in tissues (CO2 - H2)
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia

47. Respiratory therapy equipment is risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
Pseudomonas
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
S. aureus

48. lysogenic phage infects bacterium - viral DNA incorporated into bacterial chromosome - when phage DNA is excised can bring portions of bacterial chromosome into capside
Surfers in the tropics
Specialized transduction - an excision event
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america

49. Eukaryotic and non - photosynthetic; can produce asexual and sexual spores
Actinomyces
fungi
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
Pseudomonas

50. What components make up the naked icosahedral viral structure
microaerophilic
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep