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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the TX for rickettsiae
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
Actic polymerization
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
Doxycycline
2. What is the organism for endemic typhus (human body louse)
R. prowazekii
polyhedral shape - defintion
gram- negative cell wall
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
3. What OI/disease occurs in the eyes of AIDS pts
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
pili - function
CMV retinitis
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
4. Patient serum mixed with proteus antigen - and anti - rickettsial antibodies cross react to proteus O antigen and agglutinate
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
complex virus example
Weil Felix test
5. Must be able to re- isolate organism from test host
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6. What can PID cause
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
R. typhi
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
7. Unimmunized child with pharyngitis - grayish oropharyngeal pseudomembrane which can obstruct the airway - painful throat
spiral - spirillum
C. diptheriae
Measles rubeola - measles
rickettsia
8. ___ percent of infected illnesses are caused by ___
Cyanophora paradoxa
HIV - AIDS
60%; viruses
100 micrometers
9. 20 triangular faces and 12 corners
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Pseudomonas
icosahedron
10. Why is there no vaccine for gonococci
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Mucor or rhizopus
necrosis
11. painful genital ulcer - inguinal adenopathy- org and dz
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
release (B)
12. What bug grows on eaton's agar
release (AV)
DNA hepadnavirus
C. botulinum
M. pneumoniae
13. What virus is in the deltavirus family
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
HDV
14. Which DNA virus is not icosahedral
cytoplasm - definition
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
Pox - complex
15. Provides structure
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
Staph or H. flu
cell wall - function
protozoology
16. What lab values are classic but not specific for osteomyelitis
10 to 12
Elevated CRP and ESR
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
17. Which form of Hansens disease is lethal
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
10 to 12
Bat - racoon - skunk
Lepromatous
18. surgical wound
taxonomic hierarchy
germination
S. aureus
Pseudomonas
19. What is the course of illness with food poisoning from S. aurues and B. cereus
Reoviridae - rotavirus
Starts quickly and ends quickly
Proteus mirabilis
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
20. Spiral
spiral - spirillum
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
oral yeast infections =
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
21. What are the symptoms of TB
S. aureus
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
bacteriology
Protein synthesis - 30S and 50S subunits
22. slapped cheek rah on face later appears over body in reticular 'lace - like' pattern - can cause hydrops fetalis in pregnant women - agent and dz
Pen
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
Cmv
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
23. Which are the DNA enveloped viruses
E. coli
food industry
Synthesized dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
24. Thin peptidoglycan layer plus an outer membrane
Capsid protein
No envelope
gram- negative cell wall
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
25. fungal infection in diabetic
HIV - sexual
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
commercial applications
Mucor or rhizopus
26. Which nematodes infect through the skin
Clostridium perfringens
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
Prolonged nutrient depletion and buildup of waste products leads to death
27. What does accumulation of PrPsc result in
Common cold and SARS
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.
28. What is in pneumovax
gas gangrene
endospores
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
10 to 12
29. Where does reactivation TB usually go - and What can precipitate reactivation
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
30. What does norwalk virus do
Schistosoma mansori
EBV
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
Viral gastroenteritis
31. What is the nl flora in the nose
S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Francesco Redi - experiment
osmotic pressure
32. Spaghetti and meatball appearance on KOH prep - dz - organism
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
how do viruses take over a host cell?
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
33. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the stationary phase
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
antibiotics
Viral gastroenteritis
34. Lytic phage infects bacterium - cleavage of bacterial DNA and synthesis of viral proteins - parts of bacterial chromosome may become packaged in viral capsid
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
Pseudomonas
35. What other organism is involved in vaginosis from gardnerella
Serratia marcescens
capsid is composed of...
amoebic dynsentry
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
36. Which hepatitis causes post - transfusion hepatitis
Resistant
Enteroinvasive E. coli
Pseudomonas
HCV
37. fever - hemolytic anemia - northeastern US - maltese cross (and ring) - dz - transmission - dx and tx
Pseudomonas
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
adsorption (AV)
38. What happens when endotoxin activates the complement pathway
in prokaryotic cell membranes -
how many degrees celsius for mold?
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
39. superficial neoplastic proliferation of vasculature in HIV pos pt where biopsy reveals lymphocytic inflammation
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Enteroinvasive E. coli
Klebsiella pneumo
HHV-8 - KS
40. Extrachromosomal piece of genetic information - can be genetically engineered
Robert Koch
Killed viral vaccine
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
plasmid - definition
41. What are the neg strand RNA viruses
cell membrane - function
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
C. perfringens
five fields of microbiology
42. 1745 - Believed microorganisms could develop spontaneously
Staph or enteric GNR
differential staining example
Capsid protein
John Needham
43. What bacteria has protein A and What does it do
cytoplasm - definition
S. aureus
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
Sexual activity - but not an STI
44. B12 def - parasite
S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
Diphyllobothrium latum
Sterility
45. What serum makers are present in acute HBV
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Oral and esophageal thrush
Acid fast organisms
HBsAg - HBeAg - IgM - Anti - HBcAg
46. Nucleic acid is replicated; capsids and tails are made
replication (B)
Antigen in urine
HBC - hepatitis B
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
47. What are the different virulence factors in E. coli and What do they cause
single- stranded RNA
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
CMV
48. Blue
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
B anthracis - anthrax - cutaneous is black eschar ulcer (painless) can progress to bacteremia or death - pulmonary anthrax is inhalation of spores producing flu - like sx that rapidly progress to fever pulmonary hemorrhage - mediastinitis and shock
not acid- fast - colo
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
49. What can cause food poisoning in reheated meat dishes
C. perfringens
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
50. This infection has a variable presentation in mom - and can cause recurrent infection and chronic diarrhea in the neonate - org and transmission
HIV - sexual
Between 2 and 18 months
60%; viruses
five kingdoms of microorganisms
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