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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Some algae
ribosomes - function
hypotonic solution
plant kingdom
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
2. Golgi complex - mitochondria - chloroplasts* - endoplasmic reticulum - nucleus
ABC
Killed/inactivated
eukaryotic organelles (5)
<30 - military - prisons
3. PNA in children 4wks to 18yrs
nucleus
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Pneumoniae and psittaci
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
4. Unicellular and facultative
protista kingdom
interferon
basic shapes of bacteria
yeast
5. What does VDRL detect - what it is used for and What are the limitations
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
Bacterial superinfection
HBV from needle stick
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
6. Tightly coiled
VDRL screens and FTA- ABS
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
spiral - spirochete
virology
7. What is the most invasive H flu disease caused by and what virulence factor does it produce
Interstitial pneumonia - AIDS - diffuse bilateral CXR appearance - dx by lung biopsy or lavage - ID- ed by methanamine silver stain of lung tissue
Starts quickly and ends quickly
S. pneumo - Influenza virus - anaerobies - H flu - GNR
Type B protease IgA
8. Protozoans - primitive algae (single cell)
Toxplasmosis
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
IgG Anti - HBcAg
protista kingdom
9. What two toxins does C. diff produce andw What do they do
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
Toxin A - enterotoxin binds to brush border of the gut - Toxin B - cytotoxin - destroys the cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes - causing pseudomembranous colitis
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
10. What toxins does S. aureus secrete
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
Owl's eye inculsions
viruses
Nocardia asteroides
11. How is Hfr made
chloroplasts - function
Salpingitis
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
12. fever - hemolytic anemia - northeastern US - maltese cross (and ring) - dz - transmission - dx and tx
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
envelope - definition
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
lipids (fats) =
13. Extrachromosomal piece of genetic information - can be genetically engineered
cilia
plasmid - definition
S. aureus
Smallpox - although eradicated - could be used in germ warfare Vaccinia - cowpox 'milkmaid's blisters' Molluscum contagiosum - flesh colored dome lesions with central dimple
14. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the bacterial capsule
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
15. What is the TX for sporthrix
malaria
fimbriae - function
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
ADP ribosylation of G protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase - inc Cl - secretion into gut and dec Na absorption - H20 into gut lumen - voluminous rice water diarrhea
16. liver cysts - parasite
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
Echinococcus granulosus
arrangements - staphylo
17. What are the two forms for chlamydiae
Schistosoma mansori
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
five fields of microbiology
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
18. What organisms do Giemsa stain pick up
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
oxygen requirements of bacteria
icosahedron
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
19. Which males have UTIs
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Schistosoma haematobium
botulism
Dimorphic: yeast with pseudohyphae in culture at 20C - germ tube formation at 37C (diagnostic)
20. When humans are the only test host - ethical issues; ex HIV
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21. foul - smelling greenish vaginal discharge - itching - burning - protozoa - transmission - dx and tx
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
microbiology
Interfere with host cell function - binding component binds to a receptor on surface of host cell enabling endocytosis - active portion attaches an ADP- ribosyl to a shost cell protein altering protein function
22. Ability to move via flagella
motility of bacteria
medical important mycobacteria
Schistosoma mansori
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
23. Name the live attenuated vaccines
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24. CO2 concentration and temperature
Metronidazole
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
25. What species of trypanosoma other than bruceii cause african sleeping sickness
Gambiense - rhodesiense
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
26. Which virus determines infectivity of the phenotypically mixed virus - and what will the progeny of this infection have
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
HCV
27. How does miliary TB occur and what happens
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Severe bacteremia - death
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
28. Rod- shaped
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
candidiasis
bacillus
Antigen associated with core of HBV
29. Must be able to isolate organism from diseased host and grow organism in pure culture
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30. Water movement with hypotonic solution or hypertonic solution
eukaryotic organelles - definition
osmotic pressure
<30 - military - prisons
chemical synthesis...
31. What does adenovirus cause
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
Candida
Yeast - protazoan
Rubella - respiratory droplets
32. How many segments in influenza virus and to what family does it belong
HBC - hepatitis B
Protozoan - STD
Rheumatic fever - acute glomerulonephritis
8 - orthomyoxovirus
33. What are the two forms of Hansens disease and which patients get which
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Dipoid RNA
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
34. What is the treatment for syphillis
gram- negative cell wall
Pen
Alpha toxin - a lecithinase that acta s a phospholipase to cleave cell membranes and causes a gas gangrene
Saucer shaped yeast forms
35. Site of protein synthesis; some are free in cytoplasm - others are bound to the rough ER
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
ribosomes - function
Measles rubeola - measles
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
36. The mild heating of a substance to kill spoilage organisms (bacteria)
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
Endosymbiotic Theory
pasteurization
37. What is the classic triad of infxn with rickettsia and what requirements do they need to grow
adsorption (AV)
HBV from needle stick
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
Bacillus anthracis
38. Many protein subunits called capsomeres
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
capsid is composed of...
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
39. Spiral
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
spiral - spirillum
Koch's Postulates 2
Crohns or appendicitis
40. A molecule unique to bacteria that gives the cell strength to resist breakage
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
Measles
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
peptidoglycan - definition
41. Botulism - prevents contraction of muscles - SIDS
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Clostridium botulinum
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
C. botulinum
42. surgical wound
S. aureus
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Sacral ganglia
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
43. What organism causes syphillis and what happens in primary syphillis
staining of bacteria
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
Motility - protein
44. What bug produces a red pigment
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
hypotonic solution
Serratia
45. yogurt - bread (yeast) - cheese - beer and wine - sauerkraut
Only borrelia
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
arrangements - strepto...
food industry
46. What bugs are the facultative intracellular
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
five fields of microbiology
Silver stain
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
47. What gram pos rods form spores in soil
osmotic lysis
Pseudomonas
Rose gardner's
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
48. 20 triangular faces and 12 corners
CD4 less than or equal to 200 - or HIV pos with AIDS defining conditino like pneumocytsis jerovici or a CD4/CD8 < 1.5
Serratia marcescens
icosahedron
amoebic dynsentry
49. What are the only double stranded RNA viruses
Reoviridae - rotavirus
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
Rapid cell division
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
50. What kind of flora do neonates born by c section have
gram- positive stain - explanation
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores