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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What species causing watery diarrhea is comma shaped organism producing a rice water diarrhea
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
Virbrio cholera
five fields of microbiology
2. what dpes gp120 do
HBV from needle stick
Chlamydia trachomatis
Attachment to host T cell
No - erythromycin
3. How do you treat lyme disease
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
4. What does the chylamidial cell wall lack
Muramic acid
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
algae characteristics (3)
Croup - seal like barking cough
5. Spirochetes have axial filaments which wrap around the cell causing it to move in a corkscrew manner
coccus
specialized flagella
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Fungi
6. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the bacterial ribosome
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
anaerobic
Protein synthesis - 30S and 50S subunits
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
7. What is the TX for leprosy and What is the toxicity of this TX
Between 2 and 18 months
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Meningococci
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
8. What associations go with listeria monocytogenes
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
differential staining of bacteria
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
Interfere with host cell function - binding component binds to a receptor on surface of host cell enabling endocytosis - active portion attaches an ADP- ribosyl to a shost cell protein altering protein function
9. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
Pseudomonas
Francesco Redi - experiment
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
Mycobacterium
10. Name the live attenuated vaccines
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11. Low grade fever - cough - hepatosplenomegaly in HIV pts with oval yeast cells within macrophages
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
Actinomyces
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
Histoplasmosis
12. Rupturing of cell
Francesco Redi - experiment
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
Interstitial pneumonia - AIDS - diffuse bilateral CXR appearance - dx by lung biopsy or lavage - ID- ed by methanamine silver stain of lung tissue
lysis
13. What are the findings for pressure - cell type - protein and sugar in the CSF with a bacterial meningitis
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
algae characteristics (3)
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
infection process of animal viruses (6)
14. A waxy substance that retains carbolfuchsin
mycolic acid - definition
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
Campylocobacter jejuni
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
15. Latin american - captain wheel appearance
cytoplasm - definition
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Viral gastroenteritis
16. Eukaryotic and photosynthetic; can be unicellular - filamentous - or plant- like; includes brown - red - and green algae
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
algae characteristics (3)
Croup - seal like barking cough
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
17. What prophylactic treatment is given to AIDS pts to prevent M. avium intracellulare
glycocalyx - description
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
Azithromycin
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
18. Water moves out of the cell - causing cytoplasm to shrink (plasmolysis)
Bordetella pertussis
hypertonic solution
production of beer and wine
Acid fast organisms
19. 25 celsius
mycolic acid - definition
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
how many degrees celsius for mold?
what envelope contains
20. What are the ToRCHeS infxns and What are the nonspecific signs common to ToRCHeS infxns
Pseudomonas
botulism
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
germination
21. 1765 - experiment - Nutrient broth placed in flask - sealed - then heated => no microbial growth
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Lazzaro Spallanzani
22. How do shigella propel themselves without flagella
Actic polymerization
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
Attachment to host T cell
23. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the outer membrane in gram negative bacteria
Metabolic activity without division
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
Spikes
EBV
24. Adsorption - penetration - uncoating - replication - assembly - release
mycolic acid - definition
Serratia marcescens
Traveler's diarrhea - labile toxin/stable toxin - no inflammatino or invasion
infection process of animal viruses (6)
25. Study of viruses
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
osmotic lysis
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
virology
26. With strep grown on optichin - which are sensitive and which are resistant
Cell Theory
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
27. Fungal infections can be hard to get rid of because
they are eukaryotes
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
28. Where does reactivation TB usually go - and What can precipitate reactivation
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
hyperthermophiles
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
29. hemoptysis - parasite
Group B strep
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
Paragonimus westermani
30. What are the top bugs for PID and what distinguishes them
Streptococcus - staphylococus
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Vulvuvaginitis
C. trachomatis - subactue - often undiagnosed - N. gono - acute with high fever; C. trachomatis is the most common STI in the US
31. This infection has a variable presentation in mom - and can cause recurrent infection and chronic diarrhea in the neonate - org and transmission
spiral - vibrio
Virbrio cholera
HIV - sexual
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
32. Spaghetti and meatball appearance on KOH prep - dz - organism
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
M. pneumoniae
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
33. Study of protozoans
Attachment to host T cell
protozoology
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
characteristics of bacteria (5)
34. What are the only circular DNA viruses
Shigella
Naegleria fowleri - freshwater lakes through cribiform plate - amoebas in spinal fluid - amphotericin for survivors
Lower lobe
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
35. Crystal violet- iodine (CV-I) crystals form in cell
cell membrane - definition
Koch's Postulates 4
gram stain - definition
capsid - function
36. What vaccine can prevent diptheria
many humans would test antibody positive for this
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Toxoid vaccine
37. Mild respiratory infection
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
double- stranded RNA
malaria prevention
38. Where do CMV cells remain latent
glycocalyx - description
Nocardia asteroides
Mononuclear cells
10 to 12
39. What makes up the cell membrane of mycobacterium
Staph or enteric GNR
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
assembly (B)
H flu
40. Why are chlamydiae obligate intracellular
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41. intestinal nematode can cause anemia by sucking blood from the intestinal walls - orgs - transmission - tx
M. tuberculosis
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
Double zone of hemolysis
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
42. Where doe HSV1 cells remain latent
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Trigeminal ganglia
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
43. Prevents osmotic lysis (cell bursting)
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 2
Bordetella pertussis
cell wall - function
44. What is the classical presentation of mycoplasma pneumonia
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
Insidious onset - HA - non productive cough - diffuse interstitial infiltrate
45. What does group B strep produce and What does it cause
malaria
R. typhi
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
46. Which spirochete can be visulized using aniline dyes in light microscopy
Virbrio cholera
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
cilia
Only borrelia
47. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
Gallbladder
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
halophiles
Resistant
48. Non - hodgkin lymphoma large cell type often in oropharynx (waldeyer's ring) of HIV pos pt
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
EBV
49. What are the lab findings for H pylori
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
HBV from needle stick
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
50. How can you distinguish enterococci from nonenterococcal group D
chlamydia
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Rubella - respiratory droplets
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