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Microbiology

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Which are the naked viruses
replication (AV)
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
Only borrelia

2. What cell wall structures are found only in gram neg bacteria
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
Streptococcus mutans
HHV-8 - KS

3. Thrush
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
differential staining example
oral yeast infections =
Togavirus - german 3 day measles

4. Rash begins on trunk - spreads to face and extremities with lesions of different age - agent and dz
histoplasmosis
Francesco Redi
VZV - chickenpox
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis

5. Nucleic acid is replicated; capsids and tails are made
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Yersinia enterocolitica
replication (B)
Envelope proteins

6. What shape are campylobacter and What are the lab findings
60%; viruses
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
Caused by bacteria Rickettsia prowazekki - rickettsia typhi - rickettsia tsutsugamushi

7. Pseudopodia - cilia - and flagella
Dark field microscopy
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
protozoa means of locomotion (3)

8. unimmunized child with meningitis - microbe colonized the nasopharynx can lead to myalgia and paralysis
Bartonella henselae
not acid- fast - colo
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
H flu type B

9. fever - hemolytic anemia - northeastern US - maltese cross (and ring) - dz - transmission - dx and tx
Babesiosis - ixodes - blood smear - quinine and clindamycin
protozoology
IgG Anti - HBcAg
Enterobacter cloacae

10. PNA in adults 40 yrs to 65 yrs
cytoplasm - definition
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
cell membrane - definition

11. What is only exception of DNA viruses that are not double stranded
Protein A - S. aureus
Parvoviridae
viruses
C. diff

12. What neisseria is there a vaccine for
IgG Anti - HBcAg
Meningococci
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia

13. Who mostly gets infected with leptospira
Surfers in the tropics
Space between cytoplasmic membrane and peptidoglycan wall in gram neg bacteria contains many hydrolytic enzymes - including beta lactamases
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome

14. What bug grows on lowenstein jensen agar
M. tuberculosis
Nematode in undercooked meat
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
they are eukaryotes

15. What can cause food poisoning in undercooked meat
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
E. coli 0157:H7
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
tetanus

16. What bugs can colonize the respiratory mucosa and why
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs

17. Plasmodium (4 different species) - transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquito - organism is on a biology clock (multiple of 24 hours)
Common cold
malaria
HIV - malnutrition - death
infection process of animal viruses (6)

18. What components make up the enveloped icosahedral viral structure
Dipicolinic acid
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein

19. Which are the segmented viruses and what feature do they all share
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
IgG Anti - HBcAg
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella

20. What is the ability to take up DNA from evironment in bacteria
Transformation or competence
B cells
Mononuclear cells
fungi kingdom

21. How is legionella transmitted
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
Clue cells - or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria visible under the microscope
Meningococci
Aerosal - from environmental water source

22. This infection has a variable presentation in mom - and can cause recurrent infection and chronic diarrhea in the neonate - org and transmission
HIV - sexual
Lactose fermenting enterics
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
red tide

23. What are the laboratory findings for H Flu
five fields of microbiology
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
M. tuberculosis
ribosomes - function

24. What acid is in the spore core
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
oxygen requirements of bacteria
Klebsiella granulomatis
Dipicolinic acid

25. mycobacterium causing disseminated disease in AIDS - resistant to multiple drugs - cannot be grown in vitro
M. avium intracellulare
Toxin A - enterotoxin binds to brush border of the gut - Toxin B - cytotoxin - destroys the cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes - causing pseudomembranous colitis
acid- fast organism - definition
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge

26. What bugs can cause food poisoning from contaminated seafood - and which of these can cause wound infections from contact with contaminated water or shellfish
Pasteurella multocida
Proteus mirabilis
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus

27. Erythematous - sandpaper - like rahs with fever and sore throat - agent and dz
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
rough ER
Candida

28. cestode causing B12 deficiency and anemia - org - transmission - tx
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
Sporothrix schenckii
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel

29. Severe diarrhea in AIDS - mild disease with watery diarrhea in immunoCtent - dz - transmission - dx - and tx
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
H flu

30. PNA in immunCised
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes

31. What is the pathophys of mucor
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
Antigen in urine
Rifampin
HAV - RNA picornavirus

32. Which bacteris do not gram stain well because there is no cell wall
Mycoplasma
Group B strep
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
yeast

33. intestinal nematode causing infection - eggs are visible in feces - org - tx
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
staining of bacteria
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella

34. encephalopathy in HIV pos pt due to reactivation of latent virus resulting in demyelination
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
JC virus causing PML
Vanc resis enterococci and are important cause of nosocomial infection
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes

35. What are the gram pos coccus (genus)
Guillain barre
fermentation - definition
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
Streptococcus - staphylococus

36. What kind of genome does HIV have
Staph or H. flu
yeast
Dipoid RNA
Staph make it - strep don't

37. What happens when primary TB heals by fibrosis
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
Resistant
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults

38. painful penile - vulvar cervical vesicles and uclers - can cause systemic symptoms such as fever - HA - myalgia - org and dz
Gallbladder
HSV-2 - genital herpes
Teichoic acid
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia

39. Blue - green pigment and fruity odor - usually nosocomial and drug resistant cause of UTI
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
Pseudomonas
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
spontaneous generation example

40. enveloped ssRNA with segmented genome (8)
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
Antigen in urine
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Influenza virus

41. What are negri bodies and when are they seen
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Pseudomonas
they are eukaryotes

42. Can be DNA or RNA - never both
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Histoplasmosis
nucleic acid
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)

43. All living things are composed of cells
pili - function
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Cell Theory
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk

44. Patient serum mixed with proteus antigen - and anti - rickettsial antibodies cross react to proteus O antigen and agglutinate
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Crohns or appendicitis
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
Weil Felix test

45. vaginitis - strawberry colored mucosa - corkscrew motility on wet prep - org and dz
H. flu
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis

46. Which mycobacterium are acid fast
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
malaria prevention
JC virus causing PML
All of them

47. What is the source of pseudomonas and What does virulence factors does it have
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus

48. This fungi causes pneumonia and meningitis can disseminate to bone - cases inc after earthquakes - name of dz - classic histo finding and endemic area
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
Schistosoma mansori
Ingestion of preformed toxin

49. ___ percent of infected illnesses are caused by ___
Yes
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Robert Koch
60%; viruses

50. Where do most enveloped viruses acquire their envelopes from and What are the exceptions
RNA hepevirs - transmitted enterically and causes water borne epidemics - resembles HAV in course - severity - incubation - high mortality in pregnant women
Mononuclear cells
Neisseria
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane