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Microbiology
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Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Which hepatitis causes post - transfusion hepatitis
HCV
Crohns or appendicitis
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
2. Intestinal flora that causes lobar pneumonia in alcoholics and diabetics when aspirated
chromosome - description
Klebsiella
100 micrometers
bacteria domain
3. Which location is common for lymphadenopathy in EBC mononucleosis
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
Coagulation cascade - DIC
Posterior cervical lymph nodes
Oral and esophageal thrush
4. What is pontiac fever
complex virus example
Pneumocystis jerovici
CMV retinitis
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
5. What does shiga toxin do and what bugs produce it
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
three domains of microorganisms
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
6. Related to a fungus
Meningococci
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
myc/myo means
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
7. What components make up the naked icosahedral viral structure
Oral and esophageal thrush
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
mycology
8. What is the treatment for meningitis from H flue
Staph or enteric GNR
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
Pasteurella multocida
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
9. What is the fxn and chemical composition of plasmid
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever
10. What Abx does the gram neg outer membance inhbit entry of - but which derivatives of that same class might they be sensitive to...
helical shape - definition
No they are T cells reacting to EBV infected cells
Nocardia asteroides
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
11. What s. aureus infection is an imporant cause of serious nosocomial and community- acquired infections
flagella - function
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
12. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in the mother with possible lymphadenopathy - causes chorioretinitis - hydrocephalus - and intracranial calcifications in the neonate - org and transmission
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Ring enhancing brain lesions
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
13. Virus sticks to host cell surfaces by means of receptor sites which are inherited characteristics of the host
Envelope proteins
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast
fermentation - definition
adsorption (AV)
14. Gas gangrene - organism grows in tissues which have poor blood supply - toxin kills cells - necrosis
Clostridium perfringens
Genetic shift - pandemic
candidiasis
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
15. Osteomyelitis in diabetics and drug addicst
adsorption (AV)
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
Reoviridae - rotavirus
Pseudomonas
16. PNA in immunCised
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Campylobacter
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
17. What are the 3 C's for measles
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
trichomoniasis...
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
18. Where does the rickettsiae rash start and Where does the typhus rash start
Fever - rash - shock - S aureas - TSST-1
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
Unimmunised kids
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
19. Prevents osmotic lysis (cell bursting)
smooth ER
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
cell wall - function
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
20. noninflammatory - malodorous discharge with a fishy smell: pos whiff test and clue cells - org and dz
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
endospores - definition
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
Killed/inactivated
21. Respiratory therapy equipment is risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Pseudomonas
N. gono causing gono
assembly (AV)
flagella - function
22. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 200
Gallbladder
Children; parainfluenza (croup seal like barking cough) - mumps - measles and RSV (bronchiolitis - PNA) in infants
acid- fast organism - definition
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
23. What is the nl flora of the vagina
C. diptheriae
Elementary body
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
24. What are important resevoirs for borrelia and What animal is required for tick life cycle
Viral gastroenteritis
Unimmunised kids
Mice - deer
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
25. gram pos anaerobe - causes oral - facial abscesses that may drain through sinus tracts of skin - yellow sulfur granules - nl oral flora
Actinomyces israeli
HHV 6 - roseola
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
B cells
26. 1745 - Believed microorganisms could develop spontaneously
Negative
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
John Needham
Dipicolinic acid
27. What does group B strep produce and What does it cause
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
John Needham
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
JC virus causing PML
28. What often causes infection with C. diff and How is it dx
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Brucella sp
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
29. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
Yersinia enterocolitica
Resistant
30. Which bacteria is an important cause of subacute endocarditis and bacteremia in colon cancer patients
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
cilia - function
Strep bovis - also group D
31. Endospores get into deep puncture wounds - make puncture wounds bleed (oxygen)
M. pneumoniae
importance of microorganisms
plasmolysis
tetanus
32. When do gram pos rods form spores
Severe pneumonia
When nutriets are limited
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
33. What bug produces a red pigment
HCV
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
Serratia
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
34. What are the recombinant vaccines
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
Pneumoniae and psittaci
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
eukaryotic organelles (5)
35. What is weil's disease
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
36. What does c perfringens produce and What does it do
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
E. coli
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
gram- positive cell wall
37. Which are the DNA enveloped viruses
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
38. Dilated cardiomyopathy - megacolon - megaesophagus in south america - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
algae characteristics (3)
Dipoid RNA
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
39. Anthrax (wool sorter's disease)
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Bacillus anthracis
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
pili - function
40. Osteomyelitis in sexually active people can be from
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
41. Host cell usually lyses - lysozyme produced
release (B)
microaerophilic
Clindamycin or ampicillin
JC virus causing PML
42. Which kind of neisseria is sexually transmitted
Staph or H. flu
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Gonococci
43. Extrachromosomal piece of genetic information - can be genetically engineered
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
plasmid - definition
Shigella
Can't make their own ATP - cause mucosal infections
44. What HIV parameter allows providers to monitor effect of durg therapy
Syphillis - sexual contact
Muramic acid
PCR/Viral load
8 - orthomyoxovirus
45. What lab values are classic but not specific for osteomyelitis
Elevated CRP and ESR
Pox - complex
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
Pseudomonas
46. Why are pregnant women told to avoid cats
John Needham
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
Toxo crosses the placenta
Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV pts - sexual contact
47. What OI/disease occurs in the eyes of AIDS pts
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
HAV - RNA picornavirus
Children
CMV retinitis
48. What is Treponema - tricky Ts
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
Antigen in urine
plant kingdom
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
49. Grow in very hot conditions
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
Togavirus - german 3 day measles
H. pylori
hyperthermophiles
50. Requires presence of oxygen
aerobic
HIV - sexual
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
Bartonella sp
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