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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What do you see on blood agar with C. perfringens
Double zone of hemolysis
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
Recombination
2. What species causes bloody diarrhea - is lactose neg - and had flagellar motility
Salmonella
ASO titer
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
3. bilateral bells palsy
Borrelia recurrentis
Borrelia burgdorferi
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
4. What are the laboratory findings for H Flu
plasmid - definition
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
Francesco Redi
5. Obligate intracellular parasites - most can infect cells of only one host species
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 2
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever
viruses
6. Prevents contraction of muscles
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
flaccid paralysis
Tellurite agar
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
7. What does papillomovirus cause
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
E. coli 0157:H7
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
8. Where do HSV2 cells remain latent
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Influenza virus
Sacral ganglia
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
9. What often causes infection with C. diff and How is it dx
C. diptheriae
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
10. What kind of paralysis does tetanus toxin produce
helical shape - definition
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
not acid- fast - colo
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
11. How does mucomycosis present clinically
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
fimbriae - function
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
12. What does reverse transcriptase do in HIV
Synthesized dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
Chronic monoarthritis and migratory polyarthritis
13. What are the signs of neurosyphillis
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Beta hemolytic
food thickeners
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
14. Many protein subunits called capsomeres
Klebsiella
capsid is composed of...
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
15. branching rods in oral infection - sulfur granules
Actinomyces
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
Serratia marcescens
16. Bacteria and cyanobacteria (prokaryotes)
Cmv
monera kingdom
adsorption (B)
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
17. Bacillus - coccus - and spiral
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
basic shapes of bacteria
Cell Theory
Actinomyces isreallii
18. Locomotion by rotation of basal body
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Pseudomonas
flagella - function
Paramyxovirus; measles
19. Osteomyelitis after prosthetic replacement
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
Francisella tularenis
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
20. What is the treatment for tinea versicolor
Dark field microscopy
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
21. How do pneumocystis appear microscopically
PHV
cytoplasm - definition
Saucer shaped yeast forms
capsid - definition
22. What kind of virus and family are HBV
endospores - definition
chemical synthesis...
DNA hepadnavirus
Croup - seal like barking cough
23. What prophylactic treatment is given to AIDS pts to prevent M. avium intracellulare
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Azithromycin
Immediately upon exposure
Resistant
24. Pseudopodia - cilia - and flagella
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
25. Capitalized/italics or underlined
HIV - sexual
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
genus
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
26. What does vibrio cholerae do to Gs
C. perfringens
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
27. What are the viral causes of meningitis
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
hypertonic solution
Wound and burn infectinos - Pneumonia in CF - sepsis - external otitis (swimmer's ear) - UTI - drug use and diabetic osteomyelitis and hot tub follculitis
28. Thrush
Toxin A - enterotoxin binds to brush border of the gut - Toxin B - cytotoxin - destroys the cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes - causing pseudomembranous colitis
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
oral yeast infections =
29. What does gp41 do
malaria
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
Fusion and entry
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
30. Protein synthesis
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
Protozoan - STD
Treponema
ribosomes - function
31. What OI/disease occurs in the GI of AIDS pts
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
Genetic drift - epidemic
Pseudomonas
32. What does group B strep cause
Rickettsia rickettsii
Inc - inc lymphos - inc - dec
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
how do viruses take over a host cell?
33. Which DNA virus is not icosahedral
Neuraminidase
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
Pox - complex
34. Why are chlamydiae obligate intracellular
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35. parotitis - meningitis - orchitis or oophoritis in young adults - agent and dz
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
Elementary body
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
Mumps virus - mumps
36. When do you screen pregnant women and What do you treat them with if they are are pos
Robert Hooke
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
spontaneous generation example
35 to 37 weeks - intrapartum pen prophylaxis
37. What bug secretes scarlet fever erythrogenic toxin and What does it cause
Meningococci
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
Actic polymerization
protozoan infections (5)
38. Which virus determines infectivity of the phenotypically mixed virus - and what will the progeny of this infection have
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
S - definition
genus
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
39. No metabolic activity
dormant
Schistosoma mansori
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
VZV - chickenpox
40. cestode causing cysticercosis - org - transmission - tx
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
infection process of animal viruses (6)
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
41. What virus is in the filovirus family and What does it do
Klebsiella granulomatis
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
acid- fast - color
archaea domain
42. Chemical synthesis and food industry
IVDU
commercial applications
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
43. How does urinary tract infection present
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
flagella - function
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
S. aureus
44. Which form of Hansens disease is lethal
Meningococci
Lepromatous
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
Campylobacter
45. What test is done with a smear of an openedskin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells and What is used for
histoplasmosis
Borrelia burgdorferi
Francesco Redi
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
46. Prokaryotes
Actinomyces isreallii
bacteria domain
chemical synthesis...
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
47. Prevents osmotic lysis (cell bursting)
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
Aseptic meningitis
cell wall - function
48. What other virus is it important not to confuse with measles
R. typhi
Pregnant women
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
HHV-6 roseola
49. Which DNA virus does not replicate in the nucleus
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
Rotavirus - adenovirus - norwalk virus
50. Surrounds the capsid in some viruses
Specialized transduction - an excision event
envelope - definition
3 groups in archaea
B cells