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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Osteomyelitis in sexually active people can be from
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
protozoology
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
2. What is pontiac fever
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
replication for prokaryotes
Haematobium - bladder
species
3. What does listeria infection cause
mitochondria - function
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
Meningococci
Sexual activity - but not an STI
4. Will show the difference between two things
differential staining of bacteria
Severe pneumonia
Pseudomonas
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
5. Of the serotypes of chlamidyia trachomatis - which cause chronic infection and blindness due to follicular conjunctivitis in Africa
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
ABC
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
Mycobacterium
6. protozoa causing spiking fevers - hepatosplenomegaly - pancytopenia - dz - org - transmission - dx - tx
specific
DNA hepadnavirus
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
7. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 50
Salmonella
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
Lymph nodes
8. What are the signs of neurosyphillis
Clonorchis sinensis
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
uncoating (AV)
acid- fast - color
9. Contains genetic material (DNA) on chromosomes; largest organelle
nucleus
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
10. Bacteria and cyanobacteria (prokaryotes)
Spikes
Tellurite agar
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
monera kingdom
11. What test is done with a smear of an openedskin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells and What is used for
Type B protease IgA
Campylobacter
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
12. What does Anti HBcAg (IgG) indicate
Chronic disease - positive during window period
H. pylori
HIV - sexual
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
13. What is only exception of DNA viruses that are not double stranded
malaria symptoms
amoebic dynsentry
Parvoviridae
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
14. gram pos - weakly acid fast aerobe in soil - causing pulmonary infection in immuncompromised patients
Reassortment
Nocardia asteroides
Bacteria - STD
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
15. Dilated cardiomyopathy - megacolon - megaesophagus in south america - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
botulism
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
CMV - RSV
spiral - vibrio
16. Non - hodgkin lymphoma large cell type often in oropharynx (waldeyer's ring) of HIV pos pt
EBV
M. kansasii
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
Rubella
17. Why aren't myccolasma seen on gram stain
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
Serratia marcescens
No cell wall
cell membrane - definition
18. Which bacteria grow pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
Doxycycline
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
19. In which population do paramyxovirus cause disease and What do they cause
Children; parainfluenza (croup seal like barking cough) - mumps - measles and RSV (bronchiolitis - PNA) in infants
Heat labile toxin
Koch's Postulates 1
No - erythromycin
20. What is the fxn and chemical composition of peptidoglycan
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
John Needham - experiment
Togavirus - german 3 day measles
21. What are the two forms for chlamydiae
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
Actic polymerization
22. This substance binds directly to MHC II and T cell receptor simultaneously - activating large numbers of T cells to stimulate release of IFN gamma and IL-2
endospores
Superantigen
red algae make
hypertonic solution
23. Clusters
golgi complex - function
HHV-8 - KS
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
arrangements - staphylo
24. cestode causing B12 deficiency and anemia - org - transmission - tx
Hemagluttin
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
HCV
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
25. Which are the enteroviruses
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
Chronic disease - positive during window period
bacillus
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
26. What does candida result in with diabetic pts and Abx usage
Vulvuvaginitis
germination
protista kingdom
gram- negative stain - color
27. What is the TX for h pylori
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
CMV - RSV
many humans would test antibody positive for this
28. fluffy white cottage chees lesions in mouth of HIV pos pts with pseudohyphae microscopicallly
Candida
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
Group B strep
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
29. Where are spores of C. botulinum found
Edema factor - part of the toxin complex - is an adenylate cyclase
S. aureus
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
Children
30. Bacillus (aerobic) and clostridium (anaerobic); both are soil organisms (can survive lack of water)
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
HHV 6 - roseola
John Needham - experiment
31. urethritis - cervicitis - conjunctivits - Reiters syndrome - PID - org and dz
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
germination
32. What does adenovirus cause
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
Bacterial superinfection
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
33. Osteomyelitis in sickle cell
Pasteurella multocida
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
Mononuclear cells
Salmonella
34. What bug produces a red pigment
anaerobic
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
Oral and esophageal thrush
Serratia
35. usage of which Abx can lead to c diff.
Clindamycin or ampicillin
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Metabolic activity without division
36. Eukaryotic - unicellular - identified by means of locomotion
Koch's Postulates 1
Azithromycin
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
protozoa (3)
37. Are atypical lymphocytes actually atypical?
S. aureus
Mumps virus - mumps
No they are T cells reacting to EBV infected cells
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
38. Spiral
they are eukaryotes
spiral - spirillum
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
39. The receptor sites for host cell in an enveloped virus
how many degrees celsius for mold?
what envelope contains
Protozoan - STD
Rubella
40. PNA in adults 40 yrs to 65 yrs
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
E. coli 0157:H7
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
Surfers in the tropics
41. yeast and mold
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
42. Simple - special - and differential
staining of bacteria
envelope - definition
Sexual activity - but not an STI
spontaneous generation
43. Of the gram neg bacillus - which are not enterics
protozoa (3)
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
44. trypanosoma - tricky Ts
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
Streptococcus - staphylococus
45. What species causes bloody diarrhea is a protozoan
smooth ER
Pseudomonas
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
Entamoeba histolytica
46. What drug is used in RSV to neutralize F protein
gram stain - definition
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
Palivizumab
CXCR4 on CD4 cells - CCR5 on CD4 and MACS - homozygous CCRF mutation confer immunity - CCR5 heterozygoes have slower course
47. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 100
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
cilia - function
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
48. Which two bacteria are gram pos rods forming long braching filaments resembling fungi
Actinomyces and nocardia
production of beer and wine
Entamoeba histolytica
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
49. Water moves out of the cell - causing cytoplasm to shrink (plasmolysis)
five kingdoms of microorganisms
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
hypertonic solution
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
50. Cell walls contain mycolic acid
C tetani
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
acid- fast organism - definition