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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In who do you see meningitis from h flu type b
S. aureus
HHV-8 - KS
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
Unimmunised kids
2. How is legionella detected clinically
spontaneous generation example
Antigen in urine
10%; viral
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
3. which purified viral nucleic acids are infectious and which are not
Permanently disables causing whooping cough via induction of cAMP - turns the off off
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
Cigar shaped yeast
five kingdoms of microorganisms
4. All living things are composed of cells
Pseudomonas
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
Cell Theory
Lymph nodes
5. What doe HBV and HCV infxn predispose to...
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
Permanently disables causing whooping cough via induction of cAMP - turns the off off
histoplasmosis
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
6. What is the course of illness with food poisoning from S. aurues and B. cereus
Shigella
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
Measles
Starts quickly and ends quickly
7. This infection has a variable presentation in mom - and can cause recurrent infection and chronic diarrhea in the neonate - org and transmission
HIV - sexual
double- stranded DNA
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
8. What species causes bloody diarrhea - is comma or S shaped and grows at 42C
Campylobacter
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Naegleria fowleri - freshwater lakes through cribiform plate - amoebas in spinal fluid - amphotericin for survivors
assembly (B)
9. What can cause food poisoning in poultry - meat and eggs
amoebic dynsentry
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
Salmonella
ASO titer
10. yeast - molds - mushrooms
fungi kingdom
release (AV)
Double zone of hemolysis
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
11. How does miliary TB occur and what happens
E. coli
eukaryotic organelles - definition
Severe bacteremia - death
Staph make it - strep don't
12. What is only exception of DNA viruses that are not double stranded
double- stranded DNA
replication for eukaryotes
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Parvoviridae
13. In the bunyavirus family which are arboviruses and which are not
malaria
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
Robert Koch
14. What species causes bloody diarrhea - is lactose neg - and had flagellar motility
Salmonella
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
gram- positive stain - color
15. What is gardnerella associated with
Bacillus anthracis
Pasteurella multocida
Sexual activity - but not an STI
Dipoid RNA
16. What OI/disease occurs in the eyes of AIDS pts
Toxo crosses the placenta
CMV retinitis
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
Koch's Postulates 1
17. Capsule outside cell wall - usually sticky - composed of polysaccharide and/or polypeptide
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
glycocalyx - description
E. Coli
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
18. What is the nl flora on the skin
S. epidermidis
Actinomyces and nocardia
Koch's Postulates 2
Flulike (acute) - feeling fine (latent) - falling count - final crisis
19. What aspect of PID is a risk factor fo ectopic pregnancy - infertility - chronic pelvic pain - adhesion
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
Salpingitis
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
20. A waxy substance that retains carbolfuchsin
assembly (B)
protozoology
mycolic acid - definition
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
21. Why are ELISA/Western blot test falsely positive in babies born to mothers infected with HIV
Reoviridae - rotavirus
Anti - HBsAb
Cmv
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
22. What is the difference in mechanism between cholera - pertussis and E. coli with anthrax
amoebic dynsentry
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
Entamoeba histolytica
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
23. Require intracellular parasite/has to be within a host cell to replicate (prokaryotic); causes trachoma (most common infectious cause of blindness in the world)
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
chlamydia
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
Bartonella henselae
24. Histoplasmosis
Muramic acid
Negative
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
many humans would test antibody positive for this
25. Water aerosols are a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Food - fingers - feces - flies
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Legionella
oral yeast infections =
26. What does rhinovirus do
endospores are formed via
B. cereus
Gonococci
Common cold
27. 10 - 100 micrometers
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
eukaryotes
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
8 - orthomyoxovirus
28. Study of algae
algology
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
red algae make
Clostridium tetani
29. What are the lab findings for H pylori
Meningococci
Clonorchis sinensis
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
HBC - hepatitis B
30. What are gp120 and gp41 together
Envelope proteins
ASO titer
three domains of microorganisms
Parvoviridae
31. What bug grows on sabouraud's agar
Louis Pasteur
Fungi
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
gram- negative cell wall
32. 80S = 60S + 40S
CXCR4 on CD4 cells - CCR5 on CD4 and MACS - homozygous CCRF mutation confer immunity - CCR5 heterozygoes have slower course
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
Trigeminal ganglia
33. What is the TX for leprosy and What is the toxicity of this TX
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Strep pneumo - klebesiella - H flu type b - N. meningititides - salmonella - group B strep
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
Interfere with host cell function - binding component binds to a receptor on surface of host cell enabling endocytosis - active portion attaches an ADP- ribosyl to a shost cell protein altering protein function
34. What bug grows on bordet - genou (potato) agar
Bordetella pertussis
assembly (AV)
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
monera kingdom
35. This bacteria is a majore cause of bloody diarrhea - esp in children - fecal - oral transmission through mean (poultry - met unspasteurized milk
C. diptheriae
Lepromatous
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
Campylocobacter jejuni
36. What are the findings for pressure - cell type - protein and sugar in the CSF with a bacterial meningitis
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Interfere with host cell function - binding component binds to a receptor on surface of host cell enabling endocytosis - active portion attaches an ADP- ribosyl to a shost cell protein altering protein function
Resistant
37. protozoa causing spiking fevers - hepatosplenomegaly - pancytopenia - dz - org - transmission - dx - tx
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
cell membrane - function
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
mycology
38. Rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis after swimming - dz - transmission - dx and tx
Bordetella pertussis
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
Naegleria fowleri - freshwater lakes through cribiform plate - amoebas in spinal fluid - amphotericin for survivors
HHV 6 - roseola
39. Plague - flea bite - rodents esp prarie dogs
HBV from needle stick
Yersinia pestis
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
40. Osteomyelitis in the vertebrae
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41. What is pontiac fever
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
arrangements - staphylo
S. aureus
Spikes
42. What OI/disease occurs in the brain of AIDS pts
B cells
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
Lymph nodes
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
43. What can PID cause
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
icosahedron
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
44. Bacteria and cyanobacteria (prokaryotes)
HSV-2 - genital herpes
halophiles
monera kingdom
peptidoglycan - definition
45. Motility causes 'swarming' on agar - produces urease - associated with struvite stones - org causing UTI
Proteus mirabilis
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Viridans group streptococci
46. What diseases can VZV cause and What is the route of transmission
cell membrane - function
Rifampin
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
47. How does invasive aspergillosis present in the HIV pos pt
differential staining example
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
gram- negative cell wall
48. Retinitis in HIV pos pts with cotton wool spots on fundoscopic exam
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
CMV
49. osteomyelitis after cat and dog bites or scratches
Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli
Protozoan - STD
Pasteurella multocida
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
50. Of the serotypes of chlamidyia trachomatis - which cause chronic infection and blindness due to follicular conjunctivitis in Africa
ABC
H flu
bacteria domain
Anaerobes
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