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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What treatment is required for cholera
Prompt oral rehydration
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
Double zone of hemolysis
endospores
2. Study of fungi
mycology
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
JC virus causing PML
cilia - function
3. What is the fever cycle for p. vivax/ovale
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
capsid - definition
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
4. intestinal nematode can cause anemia by sucking blood from the intestinal walls - orgs - transmission - tx
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
5. Which males have UTIs
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
M. tuberculosis
coccus
6. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
specific
Actinomyces and nocardia
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Resistant
7. This bacteria is a majore cause of bloody diarrhea - esp in children - fecal - oral transmission through mean (poultry - met unspasteurized milk
Weil Felix test
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Campylocobacter jejuni
Crohns or appendicitis
8. What does Anti HBcAg (IgG) indicate
Plasmodium
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
C tetani
Chronic disease - positive during window period
9. variola - lots of spots
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
10. What does poxvirus cause
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11. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
CMV - RSV
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
Francesco Redi - experiment
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
12. trichinella spiralis - tricky Ts
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
Crohns or appendicitis
not acid- fast - colo
Nematode in undercooked meat
13. What other organism is involved in vaginosis from gardnerella
red algae make
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
E. Coli
Prompt oral rehydration
14. Long rods that can be rigid or flexible
Echinococcus granulosus
helical shape - definition
replication for eukaryotes
B. cereus
15. genital warts and koilocytes - org and dz
Francisella tularenis
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
methanogens
16. ____ do no treat viral infections
Insidious onset - HA - non productive cough - diffuse interstitial infiltrate
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
protozoology
antibiotics
17. How does miliary TB occur and what happens
Unimmunised kids
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Severe bacteremia - death
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
18. What does vibrio cholerae do to Gs
Ancylostoma - necator
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
spontaneous generation example
19. Respiratory therapy equipment is risk factor For what nosocomial infection
gram- positive cell wall
H flu
Pseudomonas
Salpingitis
20. Which gram pos bacteria have branching filamentous morphology
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
ELISA test is sensitive but high false pos rates and low threshold - RULE OUT test - pos test are confirmed with western blot - High false neg - high threshold
21. Unimmunized child with a rash beginning at head and moving down - preceded by cough coryza and conjunctivitis and blue white spots on buccal mucosa
chloroplasts - function
Measles
Tetracycline or erythromycin
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
22. Cell walls contain mycolic acid
acid- fast organism - definition
Histoplasmosis
arrangements - staphylo
No they are T cells reacting to EBV infected cells
23. tissue nematode causing hyperpigmented skin and river blindess - allergic reaction to microfiliria - org - transmission - tx
double- stranded RNA
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
bacillus
24. portal HTN - parasite
Schistosoma mansori
arrangements of bacteria
Mycobacterium TB (Pott's dz)
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
25. What are the two forms of Hansens disease and which patients get which
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
100 micrometers
actinomycetes (3) - description
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
26. What does candida result in with diabetic pts and Abx usage
Vulvuvaginitis
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
27. Giardia lamblia - attaches to the intestinal cell wall via a sucker disk - causes severe diarrhea - is shed in the feces of wil animals
Chronic disease - positive during window period
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
giardia
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
28. HaemoPhilus causes....
Staph make it - strep don't
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
29. Smallest a person can see with unaided eye - pen dot
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
Severe pneumonia
100 micrometers
30. Nucleic acid goes into capsid; tail is attached
Borrelia recurrentis
assembly (B)
Virbrio cholera
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
31. Which DNA virus is not double stranded
Spikes
HSV-2 - genital herpes
Mycoplasma - have sterols
Parvo - single stranded
32. What bug produces a blue - green pigment
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
H. flu
viruses
33. Locomotion by rotation of basal body
bacteria domain
Fever - rash - shock - S aureas - TSST-1
flagella - function
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
34. Who mostly gets infected with leptospira
Surfers in the tropics
Rose gardner's
food industry
medical important mycobacteria
35. Which DNA virus does not replicate in the nucleus
genus
Pneumoniae and psittaci
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
36. This fungi causes pneumonia and meningitis can disseminate to bone - cases inc after earthquakes - name of dz - classic histo finding and endemic area
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
37. Where do RNA viruses replicate
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
viruses
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
No they are T cells reacting to EBV infected cells
38. pus - empyema - abcess
S. aureus
HCV
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
39. In who do you see meningitis from h flu type b
Tellurite agar
Unimmunised kids
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
40. Non - hodgkin lymphoma large cell type often in oropharynx (waldeyer's ring) of HIV pos pt
replication (AV)
EBV
Yeast - protazoan
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
41. What is the treatment for tinea versicolor
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
Rubella
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
42. What kind of genome does HIV have
Sporothrix schenckii
Dipoid RNA
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
trichomoniasis symptoms
43. What happens in stage 3 of lyme disease
Chronic monoarthritis and migratory polyarthritis
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
Double zone of hemolysis
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
44. What kind of lesion is characteristic of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis
medical important mycobacteria
Trigeminal ganglia
Metronidazole
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
45. Can grow with or without oxygen but prefers oxygen
facultative
Mycobacterium
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
Rubella
46. What is the mechanism of renal failure and thrombocytopenia in HUS
Endothelium swells and narrows lumen - leading to mechanical hemolysis and reduced renal blood flow - damaged endothelium consumes platelets
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
47. What are the 2 most common causes of nosocomial infections
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
Plasmodium
48. Is pneumocystis a fungus or a protazoan
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
Yeast - protazoan
histoplasmosis
49. This rash begins at the head and moves down; postauricular lymphadenopathy - agent and dz
Rubella german measles
Food poisoning = Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus - wound = just vulnificus
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
flagella
50. How is HBV transmitted primarily and how long is the incubation period for
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months