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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. This rash begins at the head and moves down; postauricular lymphadenopathy - agent and dz
Rubella german measles
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
animal kingdom
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
2. What does MOPS stand for with s pneumo
Heat labile toxin
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
replication (B)
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
3. What is the resevoir of salmonella
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
Azithromycin
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
Many treponemas
4. What pyogenic infections does s pyogenes cause
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
Pharyngitis - cellulitis - impetigo
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
5. usage of which Abx can lead to c diff.
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Foul smelling (short chain fatty acids) - difficult to culture - produce gas in tissues (CO2 - H2)
Yersinia enterocolitica
Clindamycin or ampicillin
6. HaemoPhilus causes....
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
Yersinia pestis
Klebsiella
Francisella tularenis
7. cestode causing B12 deficiency and anemia - org - transmission - tx
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
Francesco Redi - experiment
histoplasmosis
Borrelia burgdorferi
8. What sugars do the various neisseria bacteria ferment and what enzyme do they both produce
Fusion and entry
glycocalyx - function
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
Nucleus - except parvovirus
9. Purple
Coagulation cascade - DIC
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
gram- positive stain - color
10. Chronic watery diarrhea in HIV pos pt with acid fast cysts seen in stool
Aerosal - from environmental water source
Protein A - S. aureus
Toxoplasmosis
Cryptosporidium
11. urethritis - cervicitis - conjunctivits - Reiters syndrome - PID - org and dz
Clindamycin or ampicillin
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
characteristics of bacteria (5)
rickettsia
12. What is the TX for chlamydia
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Azithromycin
Influenza virus
hypertonic solution
13. What are the signs of neurosyphillis
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
giardia
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
14. HBV causes what kind of hepatitis - What is the vaccine - and what enzyme does it have
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
trichomoniasis symptoms
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
HSV - skin or mucous membrance contact
15. What does Anti HBcAg (IgG) indicate
arrangements - strepto...
Chronic disease - positive during window period
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
IVDU
16. Viruses are not considered living; they need to be in a cell; and they do not grow on artificial media
17. What are the lab findings of pseudomonas
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
Clue cells - or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria visible under the microscope
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
18. 2nd leading cause of community acquired UTI among sexually active women
commercial applications
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Staph saprophyticus
ABC
19. What are the different virulence factors in E. coli and What do they cause
Pasteurella multocida
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
spiral
Salmonella
20. What are agryll roberston pupils
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
Bacterial superinfection
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
arrangements - strepto...
21. What is the TX for candidiasis
Ancylostoma - necator
Borrelia burgdorferi
Pseudomonas
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
22. What Abx does the gram neg outer membance inhbit entry of - but which derivatives of that same class might they be sensitive to...
Clonorchis sinensis
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
23. Membrane- bound - cellular structures that perform a function - analogous to organs in the body
mycology
eukaryotic organelles - definition
Lazzaro Spallanzani
cytoplasm - definition
24. What does gonococi cause
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
25. What are the 4 Cs of HCV
structures of prokaryotic cell
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
Anti - HBsAb
26. 70S = 30S + 50S
Malignant otitis externa
Palivizumab
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
Alpha toxin - a lecithinase that acta s a phospholipase to cleave cell membranes and causes a gas gangrene
27. yeast infection
candidiasis
prokaryotes
animal kingdom
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
28. Bacillus - coccus - and spiral
basic shapes of bacteria
Proteus mirabilis
Inc - inc lymphos - inc - dec
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
29. What does gp41 do
specialized flagella
Candida
Fusion and entry
humans do not have
30. Why are pregnant women told to avoid cats
Toxo crosses the placenta
Space between cytoplasmic membrane and peptidoglycan wall in gram neg bacteria contains many hydrolytic enzymes - including beta lactamases
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
Transformation or competence
31. Which two bacteria are gram pos rods forming long braching filaments resembling fungi
Traveler's diarrhea - labile toxin/stable toxin - no inflammatino or invasion
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
C. perfringens
Actinomyces and nocardia
32. Enzyme that helps destroy cell walls
Pseudomonas
oxygen requirements of bacteria
lysozyme
No - erythromycin
33. What enzyme breaks down lactose and Which bacteria produces it
envelope is composed of...
Plasmodium
E. Coli produces beta galactosidase
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
34. What are the findings for pressure - cells type - protein and surgar in the CSF with a viral meningitis
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
viruses
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
35. Trichomonas
cilia
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
flagella
36. Describe the rabies virus
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
Antibody to HBeAg - indicates low transmissability
37. burns or air
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
Pseudomonas
Vagina
38. What is the presentation and mechanism of toxin in EHEC
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
39. What is the classic triad of infxn with rickettsia and what requirements do they need to grow
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
Lower lobe
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
40. What does neg PPD indicated
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
malaria
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
41. What are PE signs of PID
arrangements - staphylo
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
mycoplasma (5) - description
three domains of microorganisms
42. Protein coat surrounding nucleic acid
capsid - definition
food industry
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
capsid is composed of...
43. Which bacteria are beta hemolytic
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Heat labile toxin
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
44. How is atypical rickettsiae transmitted
CMV - RSV
fermentation - definition
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
45. Which bacteria grow pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
bacteriology
Palivizumab
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
46. Eukaryotic and photosynthetic; can be unicellular - filamentous - or plant- like; includes brown - red - and green algae
Dipicolinic acid
algae characteristics (3)
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
47. What happens in secondary syphillis
Anti - HAVAb IgM
CMV - RSV
lysis
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
48. Grow in very hot conditions
pasteurization
molds
hyperthermophiles
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
49. What toxins does S. aureus secrete
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
Koch's Postulates 4
trichomoniasis symptoms
Yersinia pestis
50. What does HBsAg indicate
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
Reoviridae - rotavirus