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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the TX for sporthrix
assembly (B)
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
Mononuclear cells
2. What does infxn with vibrio cholerae produce and How does it produce it
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
3. What is the TX for pseudomonas
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
IVDU
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
4. ___ percent of infected illnesses are caused by ___
60%; viruses
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
five fields of microbiology
Only humoral - stable
5. health care provider
Type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diptheria toxoid or other protein
No envelope
HBV from needle stick
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
6. Work in the renal dialysis unit is risk factor For what nosocomial infection
HBV
Synthesized dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
Theory of Biogenesis
7. Can be DNA or RNA - never both
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
nucleic acid
Echinococcus granulosus
8. What cancers are associated with EBV virus
flaccid paralysis
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
9. Newborn nursery is a risk factor For what nosocomial infections
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
giardia
Vulvuvaginitis
CMV - RSV
10. How does tetanus toxin cause tetanus
Space between cytoplasmic membrane and peptidoglycan wall in gram neg bacteria contains many hydrolytic enzymes - including beta lactamases
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
Blocka glycine and GABA release - inhibitory NTs from Renshaw cells in spinal cord
11. What Oi/disease occurs on the genitals of AIDS pts
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
12. What happens in EBV mononucleosis - and what cells does it infect
Ancylostoma duodenale - necator americanus - larvae penetrate skin of feet - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
13. PNA in neonates < 4wks - orgs
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
Group B strep - E. coli
Anti - HBsAb
14. How is the presumptive HIV diagnosis made
ELISA test is sensitive but high false pos rates and low threshold - RULE OUT test - pos test are confirmed with western blot - High false neg - high threshold
Mycoplasma
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
viruses
15. What is the organism for endemic typhus (human body louse)
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
species
R. prowazekii
Rubella - respiratory droplets
16. What Abx does the gram neg outer membance inhbit entry of - but which derivatives of that same class might they be sensitive to...
interferon
spiral
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
pili - function
17. What bugs produce yellow sulfur granules composed of a mass of filaments and formed in pus
Actinomyces isreallii
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
18. interstitial PNA and biopsy reveals cells with intranuclear (owl's eye) inclusion bodies in HIV pos pt
EBV
Cmv
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
19. varicella - lots of spots
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
Chronic monoarthritis and migratory polyarthritis
DNA hepadnavirus
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
20. What is the nl flora of the vagina
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
Candida and aspergillus
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
Enterobius
21. What does VDRL detect - what it is used for and What are the limitations
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
C. diptheriae
Type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diptheria toxoid or other protein
Bartonella henselae
22. What does Anti HBcAg (IgM) indicate
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
S. aureus
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
Acute/recent infection
23. Which form of Hansens disease is lethal
arrangements - diplo
Sporothrix schenckii
Lepromatous
hypotonic solution
24. What species of trypanosoma other than bruceii cause african sleeping sickness
Gambiense - rhodesiense
Staph make it - strep don't
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
Unimmunised kids
25. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the stationary phase
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
protozoa (3)
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
26. Same organism must be found in all cases of disease
27. What are the 4 Cs of HCV
When nutriets are limited
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
28. Why is anthrax called woolsorters disease
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
M. avium intracellulare
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
29. Tightly coiled
Actinomyces and nocardia
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
spiral - spirochete
30. The mild heating of a substance to kill spoilage organisms (bacteria)
Louis Pasteur - experiment
pasteurization
IL-1 - lever - TNF - fever/hemorrhagic tissue necrosis - NO - hypotension
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
31. What is gardnerella associated with
Actinomyces israeli
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Sexual activity - but not an STI
32. slapped cheek rah on face later appears over body in reticular 'lace - like' pattern - can cause hydrops fetalis in pregnant women - agent and dz
arrangements - strepto...
Bacteria - STD
HBV from needle stick
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
33. Jaundice - org (sexually transmitted) and dz
HBC - hepatitis B
differential staining example
molds
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
34. What does p24 do
Capsid protein
Measles rubeola - measles
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
35. Bacillus (aerobic) and clostridium (anaerobic); both are soil organisms (can survive lack of water)
flagella - function
gram- negative stain - explanation
M. pneumoniae
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
36. What does norwalk virus do
infection process of animal viruses (6)
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
Viral gastroenteritis
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
37. What kind of virus is HCV and How is transmitted
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
methanogens
Koch's Postulates 3
HBV from needle stick
38. Osteomyelitis in the vertebrae
39. When 1 of 2 viruses that infects the cell has a mutation that results in nonfxnal protein - What is called when the nonmutated makes a fxnal protein that serves both viruses
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
Malignant otitis externa
Lower lobe
40. 'powerhouse of the cell' - involved with ATP (energy) productions; contain 70S ribosomes
mitochondria - function
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Borrelia burgdorferi
41. Chemical synthesis and food industry
commercial applications
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane
Group B strep
Ingestion of preformed toxin
42. Which flaviviruses are also arboviruses and which are not
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
Metronidazole
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
43. What is the treatment for syphillis
Coagulation cascade - DIC
Pen
Staph saprophyticus
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
44. What species causing bloody diarrhea invades colonic mucosa
Mycoplasma - have sterols
algae characteristics (3)
CMV - RSV
Enteroinvasive E. coli
45. What bugs are obligate intracellulars and why
46. Which hepatitis virus is the hepevirus
HEV
Borrelia burgdorferi
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
47. What is the characteristic feature of cells infected by CMV
48. How do you treat lyme disease
Salmonella
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
49. What aspect of PID is a risk factor fo ectopic pregnancy - infertility - chronic pelvic pain - adhesion
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
fungi kingdom
Koch's Postulates 3
Salpingitis
50. which purified viral nucleic acids are infectious and which are not
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)