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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What cancers are associated with EBV virus
Episodes of fever - jaundice and inc AST/ALT
Actic polymerization
antibiotics
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
2. What bacteria requires acid fast stain to visualize
Motility - protein
malaria prevention
specific
Mycobacterium
3. What does the chylamidial cell wall lack
Muramic acid
characteristics of bacteria (5)
H flu
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
4. Which are the RNA enveloped viruses
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
5. Antibiotics which kill normal flora bacteria allowing yeast to overgrow
vaginal yeast infections can be caused by this
Motility - protein
Francesco Redi - experiment
replication for prokaryotes
6. What is the nl flora in the nose
Metabolic activity without division
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
oral yeast infections =
S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus
7. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in mom or mono - like illness causing hearing loss - petechial rash in the neonate - org and mode of transmission
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Strep pneumo - klebesiella - H flu type b - N. meningititides - salmonella - group B strep
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
8. Which DNA virus is not double stranded
Parvo - single stranded
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
Aseptic meningitis
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
9. Spaghetti and meatball appearance on KOH prep - dz - organism
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
Dipoid RNA
Skin infections - organ abscesses - pneumonia
chloroplasts - function
10. Where do RNA viruses replicate
Robert Koch
Toxoplasmosis
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
viral shapes
11. Grow in very hot conditions
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
replication (B)
hyperthermophiles
Insidious onset - HA - non productive cough - diffuse interstitial infiltrate
12. Human fetus when acquired during pregnancy (stillbirth - brain damage - vision)
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
13. Some strains of this organism causing UTI produce red pigment - they are often nosocomial and drug resistant
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
algology
Serratia marcescens
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
14. What species producing watery diarrhea also produces gas gangrene
C. perfringens
ASO titer
giardia
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
15. What cell wall structures are found only in gram neg bacteria
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
16. What are the 4 Cs of HCV
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
Pasteurella multocida
histoplasmosis
17. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the death phase
Saucer shaped yeast forms
Prolonged nutrient depletion and buildup of waste products leads to death
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
S - definition
18. What are the findings for pressure - cells type - protein and surgar in the CSF with a viral meningitis
single- stranded RNA
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
Salmonella
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
19. No ribosomes; synthesizes lipids and steroids - transports and sorts molecules during synthesis
Meningococci
Resistant
smooth ER
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
20. What is the course of illness with food poisoning from S. aurues and B. cereus
Starts quickly and ends quickly
Bacterial superinfection
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
Does not ferment sorbitol
21. What 3 pathways does endotoxin activate
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
arrangements - diplo
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
22. Lytic phage infects bacterium - cleavage of bacterial DNA and synthesis of viral proteins - parts of bacterial chromosome may become packaged in viral capsid
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
23. Which bacteria is an important cause of subacute endocarditis and bacteremia in colon cancer patients
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Scarlet fever - toxic shock - like syndrome
Dark field microscopy
Strep bovis - also group D
24. exchange o- f genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over within regions of significant base sequence homology
Recombination
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
25. PNA in CF
Pseudomonas
bacteriophage - definition
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
Ingestion of preformed toxin
26. Is pneumocystis a fungus or a protazoan
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
arrangements - strepto...
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
Yeast - protazoan
27. What is only exception of DNA viruses that are not double stranded
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Parvoviridae
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
28. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the only bacterial membrane containing what substance
Cholesterol
Parvo - single stranded
Strep bovis - also group D
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
29. 1673 - First to see microorganisms - marked beginning of microbiology - 'animalcules' - 'father of the microscope'
Vanc resis enterococci and are important cause of nosocomial infection
Candida and aspergillus
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
30. What neisseria is there a vaccine for
plant kingdom
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
Croup - seal like barking cough
Meningococci
31. What feature of influenza virus promotes it entry into cells
Clostridium tetani
Hemagluttin
Pen
halophiles
32. produces tetanospas an exotoxin causing tetanus
M. pneumoniae
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
C tetani
33. macular rash over the body appears after several days of high fever - usually affects infants - agent and dz
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
Chlamydia trachomatis
HHV-8 - KS
HHV 6 - roseola
34. How is atypical rickettsiae transmitted
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
Common cold
35. Where do DNA viruses replicate
Nucleus - except parvovirus
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
Legionella
36. What is the presentation of EPEC and What is the mechanism
C. perfringens
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Louis Pasteur - experiment
oral yeast infections =
37. Of the gram neg bacillus - which are not enterics
Rheumatic fever - acute glomerulonephritis
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 2
plasmolysis
38. What does parainfluenza cause
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Croup - seal like barking cough
Yersinia pestis
Metronidazole
39. What are agryll roberston pupils
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
gas gangrene
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
40. Tularemia - tick bite - rabbits and deer
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
Children
Francisella tularenis
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
41. What can cause food poisoning in undercooked meat
Campylocobacter jejuni
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
E. coli 0157:H7
genus
42. What OI/disease occurs in the GI of AIDS pts
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
DNA hepadnavirus
10 to 12
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
43. parotitis - meningitis - orchitis or oophoritis in young adults - agent and dz
Mumps virus - mumps
Toxplasmosis
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
44. What diseases can HHV-8 cause and What is the route of transmission
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45. Bacteria uses alcohol and produce acetic acid and turns it to vinegar
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
how wine is spoiled
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
46. unimmunized child with meningitis - microbe colonized the nasopharynx can lead to myalgia and paralysis
Mycoplasma
H flu type B
Surfers in the tropics
Protein A - S. aureus
47. Pleomorphic gram variable rod that causes vaginosis presenting as gray vaginal discharge with a fishy smell; non painful
giardia
Gardnerella vaginalis
plant kingdom
Pneumoniae and psittaci
48. Of the gram neg bacillus - which ones are enterics
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
helical shape - definition
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
49. What are the symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast
Group B strep - E. coli
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
Recombination
50. What does MOPS stand for with s pneumo
algae characteristics (3)
C. diptheriae
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
basic shapes of bacteria