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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Postviral PNA
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
Mucor or rhizopus
Staph or H. flu
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
2. What are the gram pos bacilli
Klebsiella
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Common cold
3. What diseases can HHV-6 cause and What is the route of transmission
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
fimbriae - function
Bat - racoon - skunk
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
4. With strep grown on bacitracin - which are sensitive and which are resistant
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
mycolic acid - definition
Capsid protein
spiral
5. traumatic open wound
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Resistant
Koch's Postulates 2
C. perfringens
6. Genes for which 5 bacterial toxins are encoded in a lysogenic phage
Nucleus - except parvovirus
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
Leptospria - borrelia - treponema
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
7. taenia solium - tricky Ts
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Dipoid RNA
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Entertoxigenic E. coli
8. Latin american - captain wheel appearance
Paracoccidioidomycosis
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
9. What animals carry rabies virus
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
Bat - racoon - skunk
three domains of microorganisms
10. What OI/disease occurs in the skin of AIDS pts
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
golgi complex - function
Shingles from VZV - kaposi sarcoma from HHV-8
vaginal yeast infections can be caused by this
11. What organisms do Giemsa stain pick up
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
Chronic disease - positive during window period
CMV
12. Cilia - flagella - cell wall* - cytoplasm - ribosomes
Pox - complex
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
Klebsiella
Borrelia burgdorferi
13. 80S = 60S + 40S
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
R. typhi
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
14. What organisms stain with silver stain
halophiles
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
Proteus mirabilis
differential staining of bacteria
15. What are the symptoms of mumps
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols - coxiella burnetti
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
16. What bacteria has protein A and What does it do
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
halophiles
trichomoniasis symptoms
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
17. What is a positive Monospot test
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
HBsAg - HBeAg - IgM - Anti - HBcAg
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
18. Which lobe of the lung does primary TB usually occur in
Borrelia burgdorferi
Sporothrix schenckii
what peptidoglycan is composed of
Lower lobe
19. What is the organism for rocky mountain spotted fever (tick)
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)
Pox - complex
cytoplasm - definition
Rickettsia rickettsii
20. How many serologic type of rhinovirus are there and What can destroy it
yeast
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
cell wall - function
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
21. fluffy white cottage chees lesions in mouth of HIV pos pts with pseudohyphae microscopicallly
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Interfere with host cell function - binding component binds to a receptor on surface of host cell enabling endocytosis - active portion attaches an ADP- ribosyl to a shost cell protein altering protein function
Candida
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
22. What protozoa can cause watery diarrhea
Muramic acid
Yersinia enterocolitica
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
23. What does candida result in with diabetic pts and Abx usage
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Vulvuvaginitis
ImmunoCised - or their close contacts
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
24. Brain abscesses in HIV pos pts with ring enhancing lesions on imaging
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
nucleus
Toxoplasmosis
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
25. Where do RNA viruses replicate
fermentation - definition
botulism
Pasteurella multocida
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
26. Which bacteria make catalase and which do not
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27. In the chlamydiae replication cycle - What is released from a lysed host cell
H flu
Elementary body
Campylobacter
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
28. Will show special structures
special staining of bacteria
microbiology
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
Clostridium tetani
29. perianal pruritis - parasite
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
IVDU
Enterobius
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
30. What does aspergillus cause
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31. Urinary catheterization is a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
C. diff
Nucleus - except parvovirus
archaea domain
E. coli - proteus
32. What does polyomavirus cause
JC - progressive mutlifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
Caused by bacteria Rickettsia prowazekki - rickettsia typhi - rickettsia tsutsugamushi
Pregnant women
H. flu
33. 1765 - experiment - Nutrient broth placed in flask - sealed - then heated => no microbial growth
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
Lazzaro Spallanzani
arrangements - staphylo
VDRL screens and FTA- ABS
34. Dimorphic fungus that lives on vegetation - traumatically introduced into the skin causes local pustule or ulcer with nodules along draining lymphatics - little systemic illness
Env - gp120 and gp41 - gag - p24 - pol - reverse transcriptase
double- stranded DNA
Sporothrix schenckii
cytoplasm - definition
35. Other than the ToRCHeS infxns - what other infectious agents can cause meningitis in neonates
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
cilia - function
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
36. What kind of result is expected from the Weill Felix test in Q fever
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Clonorchis sinensis
cell membrane - function
Negative
37. What are koplick spots - and when/How does the rash present in measles infxn
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
in prokaryotic cell membranes -
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
38. What does neg PPD indicated
B. cereus
All except coxiella are via arthropod
replication for eukaryotes
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
39. What is the TX for gardnerella
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 2
Metronidazole
40. How do group B strep grow on blood agar
capsid - definition
Beta hemolytic
necrosis
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
41. genital warts and koilocytes - org and dz
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
VZV - chickenpox
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
42. Bacteria and cyanobacteria (prokaryotes)
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
monera kingdom
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
43. Of the gram neg bacillus - which are not enterics
three domains of microorganisms
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
penetration (B)
44. PNA in children 4wks to 18yrs
Heat labile toxin
Louis Pasteur - experiment
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Killed/inactivated
45. Bacillus - coccus - and spiral
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
basic shapes of bacteria
virus example
Pneumocystis jerovici PNA - TB - histoplasmosis
46. What cell wall structures are common to both gram pos and gram neg bacteria
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
chromosome - function
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
47. Sporulation
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
endospores are formed via
Klebsiella pneumo
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 2
48. Thick peptidoglycan layer with teichoic acids
production of beer and wine
Fusion and entry
gram- positive cell wall
Dimorphic: yeast with pseudohyphae in culture at 20C - germ tube formation at 37C (diagnostic)
49. 25 celsius
how many degrees celsius for mold?
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
Enteroinvasive E. coli
actinomycetes (3) - description
50. Unimmunized child with a rash beginning at head and moving down - preceded by cough coryza and conjunctivitis and blue white spots on buccal mucosa
Pseudomonas
helical shape - definition
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
Measles
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