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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
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Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Study of bacteria
Sacral ganglia
Can't make their own ATP - cause mucosal infections
bacteriology
single- stranded DNA
2. Which bacteria grow pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
3. What tod the lab studies show for mycoplasma pneumonia
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4. liver cysts - parasite
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
Echinococcus granulosus
Robert Koch
5. When is H flu vaccine give
bacteriology
smooth ER
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
Between 2 and 18 months
6. which mycobacterium is also pulmonary with TB- like symptoms and not M. tuberculosis
M. kansasii
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
ABC
7. Adsorption - penetration - replication - assembly - release
Entamoeba hisotlytica
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
S. aureus
Rubella - respiratory droplets
8. What kind of virus is HEV and What does it cause
Bacitracin sensitive - antibodies to M protein enhance host defenses - but can give rise to rheumatic fever
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
RNA hepevirs - transmitted enterically and causes water borne epidemics - resembles HAV in course - severity - incubation - high mortality in pregnant women
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
9. What aspect of PID is a risk factor fo ectopic pregnancy - infertility - chronic pelvic pain - adhesion
uncoating (AV)
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
Salpingitis
Endothelium swells and narrows lumen - leading to mechanical hemolysis and reduced renal blood flow - damaged endothelium consumes platelets
10. What is the most invasive H flu disease caused by and what virulence factor does it produce
Skin infections - organ abscesses - pneumonia
pasteurization
Type B protease IgA
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
11. Substance inside the plasma membrane (80% water)
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
cytoplasm - definition
lipids (fats) =
12. Dilated cardiomyopathy - megacolon - megaesophagus in south america - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
Yeast - protazoan
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
viruses
13. Which are the naked viruses
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
facultative
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
14. Eukarya - bacteria - and archaea
three domains of microorganisms
bacillus
Staph or H. flu
Killed/inactivated
15. pruritic lesions with central clearing resembling ring - dz and organism
nucleic acid
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
16. Smallest a person can see with unaided eye - pen dot
histoplasmosis
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
adsorption (AV)
100 micrometers
17. What happens in stage 1 of lyme disease
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Elevated CRP and ESR
18. What bug produces a blue - green pigment
pasteurization
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
Rose gardner's
19. What are the assiaction of pseudomonas and What can it cause
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20. Non - enveloped virus usually lyses the host cell; enveloped virus takes portion of host cell membrane as envelope which may or may not result in cell lysis
five kingdoms of microorganisms
release (AV)
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
how do viruses take over a host cell?
21. tissue nematode causing granulomas (blindness if in the retina) and visceral larva migrans - org - transmission - tx
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Sacral ganglia
release (AV)
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
22. What happens when endotoxin activates hagemans factor
Coagulation cascade - DIC
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
23. yeast and mold
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
Parvoviridae
24. traumatic open wound
Preallergic lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination - reactivation in adult life
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Metronidazole
C. perfringens
25. What are the symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever
basic shapes of bacteria
Insidious onset - HA - non productive cough - diffuse interstitial infiltrate
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast
specialized flagella
26. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in the mother with possible lymphadenopathy - causes chorioretinitis - hydrocephalus - and intracranial calcifications in the neonate - org and transmission
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Unimmunised kids
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
Actinomyces and nocardia
27. urethritis - cervicitis - conjunctivits - Reiters syndrome - PID - org and dz
HBV
they are eukaryotes
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
28. Which bacteria is an important cause of subacute endocarditis and bacteremia in colon cancer patients
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
Strep bovis - also group D
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
Attachment to host T cell
29. What bugs are the facultative intracellular
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
fungal infection examples (3)
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
30. trematodes causing granulomas - fibrosis - inflammation of spleen and liver - org - host - transmission - tx
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
S. aureus
31. How many segments are typically in reoviruses
R. prowazekii
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
10 to 12
Nucleus - except parvovirus
32. Cell is in a hypertonic solution and cytoplasm shrinks
Borrelia burgdorferi - transmited by Ixodes - erythema chronicum migrans (bulls eye rash with central clearing) effects joints - CNS and heart
cytoplasm - definition
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
plasmolysis
33. Other than the ToRCHeS infxns - what other infectious agents can cause meningitis in neonates
Genetic shift - pandemic
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
single- stranded DNA
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
34. This infxn causes rash - lymphadenopathy and arthritis in the mom and PDA (or pulmonary artery hypolplasia) - cataracts and deafness +/- blueberry muffin rash - org and transmission
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
VZV - chickenpox
Rubella - respiratory droplets
production of beer and wine
35. Botulism - prevents contraction of muscles - SIDS
Clostridium botulinum
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
Both are lactose fermenters - both invade intestinal mucosa and can cause blood diarrhea
Owl's eye inculsions
36. What schistosoma species is associated with squamous cell carcinoma - and of what organi
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
Haematobium - bladder
Yersinia pestis
37. What bug produces a red pigment
Serratia
Azithromycin
red algae make
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
38. Requires presence of oxygen
Have flagella - disseminate hematogenously - produce H2S - symptoms can be prolonged with Abx - typically a monocytic response
aerobic
food thickeners
Rubella
39. What does group B strep cause
they are eukaryotes
histoplasmosis
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Measles
40. cestode causing cysticercosis - org - transmission - tx
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Robert Koch
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
capsid - function
41. The study of organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
microbiology
gram- negative stain - color
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
42. When do gram pos rods form spores
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
protista kingdom
Shingles from VZV - kaposi sarcoma from HHV-8
When nutriets are limited
43. Newborn nursery is a risk factor For what nosocomial infections
CMV - RSV
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
Pseudomonas
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
44. What happens in stage 3 of lyme disease
complex virus example
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
Chronic monoarthritis and migratory polyarthritis
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
45. Apiration PNA - orgs
Aseptic meningitis
Anaerobes
ASO titer
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
46. What gram pos rods form spores in soil
viruses
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
Elevated CRP and ESR
B anthracis - c. perfringens - c tetani (b cereus and c botulinum also form spores
47. Where doe HSV1 cells remain latent
Candida and aspergillus
Trigeminal ganglia
characteristics of bacteria (5)
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
48. What components make up the eveloped helical viral structure
Pseudomonas
ribosomes - function
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
49. What diseases can HSV 1 cause and What is the route of transmission
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
glycocalyx - function
endospores are formed via
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
50. What treatment is required for cholera
mycoplasma (5) - description
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
Prompt oral rehydration
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