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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 70S = 30S + 50S
Gambiense - rhodesiense
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
2. Undulant fever - transmitted in dairy products - contact with animals
Severe pneumonia
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
bacteriophage - definition
Brucella sp
3. intestinal nematode causing infection - eggs are visible in feces - org - tx
Enterobius
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
pseudopodia
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
4. What is the TX for gardnerella
Cell Theory
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
Metronidazole
DNA hepadnavirus
5. What protozoa can cause watery diarrhea
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
Proteus mirabilis
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
6. Unicellular and facultative
protozoan infections (5)
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
yeast
eukaryotes
7. What is the pathophys of mucor
R. prowazekii
C. perfringens
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
8. What are the symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever
pseudopodia
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
9. what bug grows pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
capsid - definition
Guillain barre
Lactose fermenting enterics
60%; viruses
10. asplenic pt
Pregnant women
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
John Needham - experiment
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
11. What happens when endotoxin activates the complement pathway
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis
Croup - seal like barking cough
12. Are there carriers for HDV
Streptococcus mutans
Yes
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
Mumps virus - mumps
13. What are important resevoirs for borrelia and What animal is required for tick life cycle
No cell wall
Hepadna - herpes - adeno - pox - parvo - papilloma - polyoma
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
Mice - deer
14. Locomotion by rotation of basal body
flagella - function
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
15. Came up with the Endosymbiotic Theory
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
envelope is composed of...
pasteurization
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
16. What is yellow fever transmissed by and What are the symptoms
Alpha toxin - a lecithinase that acta s a phospholipase to cleave cell membranes and causes a gas gangrene
plasmid - function
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
17. What species causing bloody diarrhea invades colonic mucosa
S. aureus
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
Enteroinvasive E. coli
18. atypical PNA
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
19. What disease can HSV 2 cause and What is the route of transmission
S. epidermidis
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
Acute/recent infection
Does not ferment sorbitol
20. Unimmunized child with pharyngitis - grayish oropharyngeal pseudomembrane which can obstruct the airway - painful throat
specialized flagella
food thickeners
C. diptheriae
Nucleus - except parvovirus
21. What is the H flu vaccine
Lymph nodes
how wine is spoiled
Type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diptheria toxoid or other protein
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
22. Eukaryotic - unicellular - identified by means of locomotion
Actinomyces and nocardia
protozoa (3)
archaea domain
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
23. Animals - plants - fungi - and protists
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
eukarya domain
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
24. How can you distinguish enterococci from nonenterococcal group D
PHV
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
Entamoeba histolytica
25. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in the mother with possible lymphadenopathy - causes chorioretinitis - hydrocephalus - and intracranial calcifications in the neonate - org and transmission
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Only humoral - stable
Yersinia pestis
tetanus
26. Which bacteria do not gram stain well because they are intracellular
germination
E. coli 0157:H7
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
Elementary body
27. Lobe- like projections of the cytoplasm Amoeba
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Acute/recent infection
pseudopodia
Dipicolinic acid
28. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Vanc resis enterococci and are important cause of nosocomial infection
Francesco Redi - experiment
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
29. Toxoplasma gondii - only sexual phase takes place in intestinal tract of the cat - organism ingested by the cat via infected rodents - humans infected by ingesting undercooked meats or by direct contact with cat feces
Toxplasmosis
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
30. Dilated cardiomyopathy - megacolon - megaesophagus in south america - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
Pasteurella multocida
31. What components make up the naked icosahedral viral structure
lysozyme
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
hyperthermophiles
32. Which are the naked viruses
Histoplasmosis
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
Foul smelling (short chain fatty acids) - difficult to culture - produce gas in tissues (CO2 - H2)
33. What cell wall structures are found only in gram neg bacteria
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
34. What is chlamydia trachomatis - tricky Ts
Bacteria - STD
No cell wall
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
Guillain barre
35. What pyogenic infections does s pyogenes cause
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
Pharyngitis - cellulitis - impetigo
HAV - RNA picornavirus
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
36. What does rubeloa virus cause
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
37. What does M protein do - who has it
Fungi
lysozyme
Coagulation cascade - DIC
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
38. In the bunyavirus family which are arboviruses and which are not
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
39. How do rabies virus reach the CNS
Silver stain
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
mycoplasma (5) - description
40. cestode causing B12 deficiency and anemia - org - transmission - tx
eukaryotic organelles - definition
Attachment to host T cell
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
prokaryotes
41. What are the findings for pressure - cell type - protein and sugar in the CSF with a fungal/TB meningitis
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Inc - inc lymphos - inc - dec
spiral - vibrio
42. What kind of result is expected from the Weill Felix test in Q fever
Negative
Teichoic acid
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
43. intestinal nematode causing anal pruritis - scotch tape test - org - transmission - tx
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
spontaneous generation
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
Silver stain
44. Sporulation
penetration (AV)
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
endospores are formed via
45. What are the lab findings for H pylori
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
humans do not have
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
46. Osteomyelitis after prosthetic replacement
single- stranded DNA
biogenesis
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
47. variola - lots of spots
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 2
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Klebsiella granulomatis
48. What diseases can HSV 1 cause and What is the route of transmission
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Vanc resis enterococci and are important cause of nosocomial infection
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
49. What does coxaskcievirus do
methanogens
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
flagella
50. What toxin mediated diseases does staph aureas cause
John Needham - experiment
Echinococcus granulosus
Env - gp120 and gp41 - gag - p24 - pol - reverse transcriptase
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin