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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What OI/disease occurs in the mouth and throat of AIDS pts
Klebsiella
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
2. Non - hodgkin lymphoma large cell type often in oropharynx (waldeyer's ring) of HIV pos pt
EBV
helical shape - definition
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
IVDU
3. vaginitis - strawberry colored mucosa - corkscrew motility on wet prep - org and dz
basic shapes of bacteria
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Chronic disease - positive during window period
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
4. Sepis/meningitis in newborn
C. diptheriae
Group B strep
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
5. What bug grows on thayer - martin (or VPN) media - What does VPN stand for
Pregnant women
N. gonorrhea - vancomycin (inhibits gram pos) polymyxin (inhibits gram neg) - nystatin (inhibits fungi)
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
S. aureus
6. yeast infection
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
candidiasis
they are eukaryotes
acid- fast organism - definition
7. trematode causing inflammation of the biliary tract leading to pigmented gallstones - org - transmission - associated cancer - tx
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
Cigar shaped yeast
8. Which Abx are ineffective against obligate anaerobes and why - where are anaerobes nl found
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
Wound and burn infectinos - Pneumonia in CF - sepsis - external otitis (swimmer's ear) - UTI - drug use and diabetic osteomyelitis and hot tub follculitis
9. What does cyrptococcus result in clinically
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
Common cold and SARS
10. CO2 concentration and temperature
N. gono causing gono
Trigeminal ganglia
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
plant kingdom
11. Unimmunized child with a rash beginning at head and moving down - preceded by cough coryza and conjunctivitis and blue white spots on buccal mucosa
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Measles
Anti gp120 crosses the placenta
12. PNA in EtOh or IVDU
Azithromycin
S. pneumo - klebsiella - staph
CMV
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
13. What is the nl flora of a dental plaque
Schistosoma haematobium
Streptococcus mutans
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
S. aureus
14. What acid is in the spore core
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
Dipicolinic acid
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
Prompt oral rehydration
15. Membrane- bound - cellular structures that perform a function - analogous to organs in the body
Avain resevoir
osmotic lysis
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
eukaryotic organelles - definition
16. Protozoans - primitive algae (single cell)
protista kingdom
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
100 micrometers
Sterility
17. What species producing watery diarrhea also produces gas gangrene
Rubella - respiratory droplets
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
C. perfringens
18. Strict anaerobes that produce methane from CO2 and H
methanogens
Echinococcus granulosus
10 to 12
lysozyme
19. What is the treatment for tinea versicolor
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis - lung cavity aspergilloma 'fungus ball' invasice aspergillosis in immunoCised pts and those with chronic granulomatous disease
cell wall - function
microaerophilic
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
20. Glycocalyx - flagella - fimbriae - pili - cell wall
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
Antibody to HBeAg - indicates low transmissability
structures of prokaryotic cell
HHV 6 - roseola
21. Gram- stain: see the difference between gram- positive/gram- negative
S. aureus
EBV
bacillus
differential staining example
22. What bug produces a red pigment
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
Serratia
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
23. Which are the segmented viruses and what feature do they all share
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
24. what bug grows pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
Mucor or rhizopus
E. coli - proteus
Lactose fermenting enterics
25. Mild respiratory infection
E. coli 0157:H7
double- stranded RNA
cell membrane - definition
Bad xray - worse than pt - high titer of cold agglutinins (IgM) which can agglutinate or lyse RBCs - grown on Eaton's agar
26. Water moves into the cell; cell wall is strong = contains the swelling - cell wall is weak = osmotic lysis
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B
hypotonic solution
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
27. What color sputum - and sepsis in which patients is associated with pneumococcus
Preallergic lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination - reactivation in adult life
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
germination
28. What are the symptoms of mumps
Specialized transduction - an excision event
polyhedral shape - defintion
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
100 micrometers
29. Locomotion by rotation of basal body
lysozyme
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
adsorption (B)
flagella - function
30. Is pneumocystis a fungus or a protazoan
Yeast - protazoan
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
Bacillus anthracis
All of them
31. How is listeria acquired - What does it form - and How is motility characterized
M. kansasii
Nematode in undercooked meat
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
Ring enhancing brain lesions
32. When 1 of 2 viruses that infects the cell has a mutation that results in nonfxnal protein - What is called when the nonmutated makes a fxnal protein that serves both viruses
helical shape - definition
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
33. What can cause food poisoning in reheated rice
prokaryotes
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
uncoating (AV)
B. cereus
34. Which DNA viruses are not linear
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
food thickeners
H flu
IVDU
35. What does reverse transcriptase do in HIV
German measles - fever - posauricular tenderness - lymphadenopathy - arthralgias - fine truncal rash - mild disease in children but serious congenital disease (a TORCH infxn)
cell membrane - definition
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
Synthesized dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
36. Sick cell trait
Dark field microscopy
H. flu
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
37. Which lobe of the lung does primary TB usually occur in
Envelope proteins
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves
No envelope
Lower lobe
38. Rash begins on trunk - spreads to face and extremities with lesions of different age - agent and dz
Rabies
plasmid - function
VZV - chickenpox
actinomycetes (3) - description
39. gram pos - spore forming - obligate anaerobes
Clostridia
Double zone of hemolysis
Severe pneumonia
Lazzaro Spallanzani
40. dog or cat bite
nucleic acid
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
Pasteurella multocida
41. What can cause food poisoning in reheated meat dishes
EBV
myc/myo means
endospores are formed via
C. perfringens
42. Multicellular and aerobic
ASO titer
molds
Ancylostoma - necator
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
43. Virus sticks to host cell surfaces by means of receptor sites which are inherited characteristics of the host
adsorption (AV)
gas gangrene
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
44. What bugs are urease pos
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
Proteus - klebsiella - H. pylori - ureaplasma - particular kinds have urease
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
45. What do you see on blood agar with C. perfringens
Actinomyces and nocardia
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
Double zone of hemolysis
46. How is cryptococcus diagnosed in the lab and Where is it found
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47. Many protein subunits called capsomeres
Enterobacter cloacae
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
capsid is composed of...
Measles rubeola - measles
48. A waxy substance that retains carbolfuchsin
CXCR4 on CD4 cells - CCR5 on CD4 and MACS - homozygous CCRF mutation confer immunity - CCR5 heterozygoes have slower course
mycolic acid - definition
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
49. What are the gram pos coccus (genus)
M. kansasii
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Superantigen
histoplasmosis
50. What does M protein do - who has it
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
penetration (B)
Robert Hooke
rickettsia