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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Structure unique to some bacteria
endospores
Klebsiella granulomatis
Pseudomonas
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
2. Undulant fever - transmitted in dairy products - contact with animals
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
C. diff
Brucella sp
chromosomes in nucleus are...
3. Osteomyelitis in the vertebrae
4. How do bacterial capsules function
Paragonimus westermani
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
5. painful penile - vulvar cervical vesicles and uclers - can cause systemic symptoms such as fever - HA - myalgia - org and dz
HSV-2 - genital herpes
Acid fast organisms
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
bacteriophage - definition
6. When is H flu vaccine give
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
Between 2 and 18 months
10 to 12
protista kingdom
7. What associations go with listeria monocytogenes
what peptidoglycan is composed of
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
osmotic pressure
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
8. What does aspergillus cause
9. What organism causes syphillis and what happens in primary syphillis
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
Actic polymerization
Anti - HBsAb
HIV - sexual
10. Adsorption - penetration - replication - assembly - release
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
11. What toxin does clostridium perfringens have and What does it do
HSV-2 - genital herpes
Common cold and SARS
microaerophilic
Alpha toxin - a lecithinase that acta s a phospholipase to cleave cell membranes and causes a gas gangrene
12. Cell walls contain mycolic acid
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
acid- fast organism - definition
Motility - protein
Salmonella typhi
13. Non - hodgkin lymphoma large cell type often in oropharynx (waldeyer's ring) of HIV pos pt
Specialized transduction - an excision event
fungi kingdom
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
EBV
14. What is the classical presentation of mycoplasma pneumonia
Insidious onset - HA - non productive cough - diffuse interstitial infiltrate
histoplasmosis
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
15. Tetanus - toxin prevents relaxation of muscles
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
single- stranded DNA
Clostridium tetani
Crohns or appendicitis
16. Leading cause of UTI - colonies show metallic sheen on EMB agar
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
Anaerobes
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
E. coli
17. varicella - lots of spots
Neuraminidase
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
Measles
virology
18. Will show the difference between two things
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer
differential staining of bacteria
19. burns or air
Pseudomonas
Pen
Pasteurella multocida
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
20. Extreme heat/cold - dehydration - radiation (UV light) - toxic chemicals
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
endospores are resistant to (4)
21. fluffy white cottage chees lesions in mouth of HIV pos pts with pseudohyphae microscopicallly
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
Candida
Hemagluttin
Specialized transduction - an excision event
22. Unimmunized child with fever - dysphagia - drooling - and difficulty breathing due edematous cherry red epiglottis
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Posterior cervical lymph nodes
Dipicolinic acid
23. What serum markers are present in Chronic Hep B with high infectivity
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
coccus
plasmid - definition
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
24. What diseases can HHV-8 cause and What is the route of transmission
25. gram pos - weakly acid fast aerobe in soil - causing pulmonary infection in immuncompromised patients
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
Nocardia asteroides
B anthracis - anthrax - cutaneous is black eschar ulcer (painless) can progress to bacteremia or death - pulmonary anthrax is inhalation of spores producing flu - like sx that rapidly progress to fever pulmonary hemorrhage - mediastinitis and shock
nucleus
26. Acetone - alcohol - antibiotics
HIV - AIDS
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
chemical synthesis...
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
27. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the only bacterial membrane containing what substance
acid- fast organism - definition
Cholesterol
icosahedron
HDV
28. tissue nematode causing hyperpigmented skin and river blindess - allergic reaction to microfiliria - org - transmission - tx
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
Neuraminidase
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
29. This fungi can be found in bird/bat droppings or within macrophages and causes pneumonia - Where is it endemic
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
30. What happens in EBV mononucleosis - and what cells does it infect
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
Chlamydia trachomatis
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
31. Involved in photosynthesis (chlorophyll); contain 70S ribosomes; when hit by light - chlorophyll releases an electron
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
HBsAg as envelope - can coinfect or superinfect (worse prognosis)
chloroplasts - function
32. What kind of genome does HIV have
D- K
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane
Dipoid RNA
Klebsiella
33. What feature of influenza can lead to worldwide pandemics of flu
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
34. Adsorption - penetration - uncoating - replication - assembly - release
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Bartonella henselae
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
infection process of animal viruses (6)
35. Why aren't naked viruses destroyed in the gut (A and E)
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
No envelope
Yersinia enterocolitica
Nucleus - except parvovirus
36. PNA in adults 40 yrs to 65 yrs
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis - lung cavity aspergilloma 'fungus ball' invasice aspergillosis in immunoCised pts and those with chronic granulomatous disease
Cigar shaped yeast
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
37. Infects prosthetic devices and intravenous catheters by producing adherent biofilms - what bacteria and where do you normally find it
Staph or H. flu
halophiles
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
protozoology
38. They take over the synthesizing machinery to multiply
how do viruses take over a host cell?
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
S. aureus
Bacterial superinfection
39. ulcers - lymphadenopathy - rectal strictures - org and dz
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
C. trachomatis - subactue - often undiagnosed - N. gono - acute with high fever; C. trachomatis is the most common STI in the US
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
40. health care provider
HBV from needle stick
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
flaccid paralysis
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
41. How does TSST work
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
gram- negative cell wall
42. Botulism - prevents contraction of muscles - SIDS
Clostridium botulinum
eukaryotes
Pregnant women
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
43. Of the serotypes of chlamydia trachomatis - which cause lymphogranuloma venereum
cell wall - function
Group B strep - E. coli
L1 - L2 - L3
Louis Pasteur
44. No ribosomes; synthesizes lipids and steroids - transports and sorts molecules during synthesis
JC virus causing PML
Sexual activity - but not an STI
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
smooth ER
45. Help bacteria to attach to one another
CNS - parenchmal tuberculoma or meningitis - vertebral body (pott's disease) - lymphadenitis - renal - GI
pili - function
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
Serratia marcescens
46. What acid is in the spore core
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
Dipicolinic acid
47. What is HBcAg
Antigen associated with core of HBV
osmotic pressure
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
48. What organisms are encapsulated
Env - gp120 and gp41 - gag - p24 - pol - reverse transcriptase
Strep pneumo - klebesiella - H flu type b - N. meningititides - salmonella - group B strep
Capsid protein
replication (B)
49. What are the only circular DNA viruses
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
what many pathogenic fungi are
Koch's Postulates 1
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
50. Golgi complex - mitochondria - chloroplasts* - endoplasmic reticulum - nucleus
HIV - sexual
eukaryotic organelles (5)
Acsaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm) - bendazole or pyrantel pamoate
Itraconazole or potassium iodide