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Microbiology

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. Other than thrush and vaginitis - What are the other clinical manifestations or candidiasis
Measles - mumps - rubella - MMR
JC virus causing PML
Azithromycin
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis

2. Which of the togoviruses are arboviruses and which are not
Robert Koch
Guillain barre
Ingestion of preformed toxin
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not

3. This infxn is usually asymptomatic in mom or mono - like illness causing hearing loss - petechial rash in the neonate - org and mode of transmission
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants

4. Unimmunized child with a rash beginning at head and moving down - preceded by cough coryza and conjunctivitis and blue white spots on buccal mucosa
Measles
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
arrangements - diplo
spiral - spirochete

5. Erythematous - sandpaper - like rahs with fever and sore throat - agent and dz
Doxycycline
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles

6. Protozoans - primitive algae (single cell)
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
eukaryotic organelles (5)
protista kingdom
Brucella sp

7. Provides structure
Brucella sp
HSV-2 - genital herpes
cell wall - function
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg

8. Intestinal flora that causes lobar pneumonia in alcoholics and diabetics when aspirated
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
Klebsiella
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
60%; viruses

9. What does papillomovirus cause
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
icosahedron
H. flu

10. What bug secretes scarlet fever erythrogenic toxin and What does it cause
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
HIV - malnutrition - death
S. pyogenes - toxic shock - like syndrome
Chlamydia trachomatis

11. Which hepatitis virus is the hepevirus
HEV
Shigella
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
infection process of bacteriophage (5)

12. Non - enveloped virus usually lyses the host cell; enveloped virus takes portion of host cell membrane as envelope which may or may not result in cell lysis
release (AV)
Pregnant women
Toxplasmosis
35 to 37 weeks - intrapartum pen prophylaxis

13. Crystal violet- iodine (CV-I) crystals form in cell
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
gram stain - definition
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva

14. What are gp120 and gp41 together
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
Envelope proteins
Meningococci

15. What does infxn with vibrio cholerae produce and How does it produce it
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
No - erythromycin
Parvoviridae

16. Dimorphic fungus that lives on vegetation - traumatically introduced into the skin causes local pustule or ulcer with nodules along draining lymphatics - little systemic illness
Sporothrix schenckii
E. coli 0157:H7
Candida
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent

17. Help bacteria to attach to one another
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
archaea domain
pili - function

18. Lobe- like projections of the cytoplasm Amoeba
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
Klebsiella
pseudopodia
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain

19. cestode causing cysts in liver - anaphylaxis when released from cysts - org - transmission - pre - surgical tx - and tx
Chronic monoarthritis and migratory polyarthritis
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis - lung cavity aspergilloma 'fungus ball' invasice aspergillosis in immunoCised pts and those with chronic granulomatous disease
Lymph nodes

20. How is Hfr made
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
Metronidazole
food thickeners
assembly (AV)

21. vaginitis - strawberry colored mucosa - corkscrew motility on wet prep - org and dz
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
flaccid paralysis
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.

22. What do ADP- ribosylating A- B toxins do
Interfere with host cell function - binding component binds to a receptor on surface of host cell enabling endocytosis - active portion attaches an ADP- ribosyl to a shost cell protein altering protein function
single- stranded DNA
staining of bacteria
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole

23. Thick peptidoglycan layer with teichoic acids
Dark field microscopy
Borrelia burgdorferi
E coli causing UTI and S. aureus causing wound infection
gram- positive cell wall

24. What cell wall structures are found only in gram neg bacteria
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
plant kingdom
HBC - hepatitis B

25. Many sided; most common is icosahedron
polyhedral shape - defintion
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
Robert Koch
Clostridia

26. Name the live attenuated vaccines

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27. This bacteria is a majore cause of bloody diarrhea - esp in children - fecal - oral transmission through mean (poultry - met unspasteurized milk
C. diff
Campylocobacter jejuni
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
Antibody to HBsAg - indicates immunity to hep B

28. urethritis - cervicitis - PID - prostatits - epididymitis - arthritis - creamy purulent discharge - org and dz
endospores - definition
N. gono causing gono
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis

29. What color sputum - and sepsis in which patients is associated with pneumococcus
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
production of beer and wine
chlamydia
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage

30. Herpes - warts
Campylocobacter jejuni
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
H. flu
double- stranded DNA

31. Domain - kingdom - phylum - class - order - family - genus - species
Meningococci
taxonomic hierarchy
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis

32. What toxin from E. Coli induces cAMP
gram- negative stain - color
Heat labile toxin
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
in prokaryotic cell membranes -

33. Water aerosols are a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 2
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Legionella

34. Insects - parasitic worms - etc
Actinomyces and nocardia
animal kingdom
Gardnerella vaginalis
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus

35. Pink
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
nucleic acid
gram- negative stain - color
Silver stain

36. What are the assiaction of pseudomonas and What can it cause

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37. What is the technique to visualize treponema
Strep bovis - also group D
R. typhi
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

38. Spirillum - vibrio - spirochete
Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli
biogenesis
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
spiral

39. What can cause food poisoning in reheated meat dishes
R. prowazekii
C. perfringens
gram- positive stain - explanation
Sporadic - Creutzfeldt Jakob disease - rapidly progressive dementia; inheritid - Gerstmann - Straussler - Scheinker syndrome; or acquired (kuru)

40. tissue nematode causing skin inflammation and ulceration - org - transmission - tx
actinomycetes (3) - description
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles

41. What is the process of replication for HBV and are there carriers
coccus
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
Common cold and SARS
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole

42. Nucleic acid is injected into host cell from the capsid through tail sheath - penetrating host cell membrane by contraction of tail (similar to a syringe)
PCR/Viral load
Starts quickly and ends quickly
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
penetration (B)

43. This cause of UTI is often nosocomial and drug resistant
double- stranded DNA
malaria
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Enterobacter cloacae

44. What diseases can HSV 1 cause and What is the route of transmission
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
Louis Pasteur
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
Salpingitis

45. taenia solium - tricky Ts
Clostridium perfringens
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Klebsiella

46. What feature of influenza virus promotes progeny virion release
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
Neuraminidase
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis

47. What OI/disease occurs in the GI of AIDS pts
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
halophiles
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils

48. How do you treat actinomyces or nocardia
Theory of Biogenesis
Transformation or competence
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen

49. Flu - polio - common cold - rabies - measles (most common)
VZV - chickenpox
chromosome - function
cytoplasm - definition
single- stranded RNA

50. What bugs are the facultative intracellular
Streptococcus - staphylococus
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
Only borrelia
Actinomyces isreallii