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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tail fibers attach to outside of host cell
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
C. perfringens
adsorption (B)
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
2. What species of trypanosoma other than bruceii cause african sleeping sickness
Gambiense - rhodesiense
plasmid - function
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
3. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the lag phase
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
Metabolic activity without division
C tetani
C. perfringens
4. urethritis - cervicitis - conjunctivits - Reiters syndrome - PID - org and dz
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox
California encephalitis - sandfly/Rift Valley fevers - crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever Not - hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever pneumonia
antibiotics
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
5. bloody diarrhea - reddish brown liver abcess - RUQ pain - flask shaped ulcer; dz - transmission - dx - and tx
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
6. How is HBV transmitted primarily and how long is the incubation period for
eukaryotic organelles (5)
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
7. Gas gangrene - organism grows in tissues which have poor blood supply - toxin kills cells - necrosis
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
Clostridium perfringens
Phenotypic missing - infectivity of type B - progeny will of second infection will have coat from virus A
Rubella - respiratory droplets
8. What does M protein do - who has it
Candida
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
cell membrane - definition
9. Where doe HSV1 cells remain latent
Haematobium - bladder
Pasteurella multocida
Histoplasmosis
Trigeminal ganglia
10. How is listeria acquired - What does it form - and How is motility characterized
fermentation - definition
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
Histoplasmosis
Facultative intracellular microbe - ingestion of unpasteureized milk/cheese and deli meats or by vaginal transmission - forms actin rockets - cell to cell movements and tumbling motility
11. What are the positive stranded RNA viruses
Nucleus - except parvovirus
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
12. What question mark shaped bacteria is found in water contaminated with animal urine and What does it cause
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
spiral - spirillum
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
No envelope
13. How do rabies virus reach the CNS
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
Clue cells - or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria visible under the microscope
14. Water moves out of the cell - causing cytoplasm to shrink (plasmolysis)
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
hypertonic solution
Gonococci
15. Which kind of neisseria is sexually transmitted
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
Gonococci
16. What diseases can VZV cause and What is the route of transmission
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Prompt oral rehydration
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
17. What is the triad of HUS
Pets - treat with topical azoles
Generalized transduction - a packaging event
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
18. PNA in neonates < 4wks - orgs
C. diptheriae
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
Schistosoma mansori
Group B strep - E. coli
19. What other virus is it important not to confuse with measles
specific
HHV-6 roseola
3 groups in archaea
replication for eukaryotes
20. What does a UTI that ascends to the kidneys result in
Side of oxidative transport of enzymes - lipoprotein layer
chromosomes in nucleus are...
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
21. What is HBcAg
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
golgi complex - function
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes
Antigen associated with core of HBV
22. Eukaryotic - unicellular - identified by means of locomotion
protozoa (3)
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
23. What is the TX for mycoplasma pneumonia
Tetracycline or erythromycin
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
Pseudomonas
24. What does candida result in with immunoCised pts
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)
Oral and esophageal thrush
Malignant otitis externa
25. trophozoite ring form in RBC
Killed viral vaccine
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Plasmodium
Yersinia pestis
26. Protects the nucleic acid - gives virus its shape - contains the receptor sites for host cell in non - enveloped virus
Salmonella
Cholesterol
capsid - function
Vulvuvaginitis
27. Eukaryotic and non - photosynthetic; can produce asexual and sexual spores
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
C. diff
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
fungi
28. What bugs can colonize the respiratory mucosa and why
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
Salmonella
Nocardia asteroides
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
29. What neisseria is there a vaccine for
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Meningococci
Lepromatous
E. Coli
30. What are the lab findings of pseudomonas
Elementary body
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
Protein A - S. aureus
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
31. What kind of virus is the seasonal influenza virus
Killed viral vaccine
Synthesized dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
viral shapes
All except coxiella are via arthropod
32. Require intracellular parasite/has to be within a host cell to replicate (prokaryotic); Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Clostridium perfringens
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
rickettsia
<30 - military - prisons
33. What kind of virus is HEV and What does it cause
Infectious = most of dsDNA (not pox/HBV) (+) strand ssRNA (same as mRNA); non infecitious = (-) ssRNA - dsRNA
Group B strep
RNA hepevirs - transmitted enterically and causes water borne epidemics - resembles HAV in course - severity - incubation - high mortality in pregnant women
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
34. Where can salmonella typhi remain chronically
Rubella - respiratory droplets
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Gallbladder
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
35. what bug grows pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
Pseudomonas
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
Lactose fermenting enterics
36. asplenic pt
Neuraminidase
Clostridium perfringens
Croup - seal like barking cough
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
37. Of the serotypes of chlamidyia trachomatis - which cause chronic infection and blindness due to follicular conjunctivitis in Africa
Palivizumab
Strongyloides - ancylostoma - necator
ABC
Common cold and SARS
38. Cilia - flagella - cell wall* - cytoplasm - ribosomes
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
Antibody to HBeAg - indicates low transmissability
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
Croup - seal like barking cough
39. What are the different virulence factors in E. coli and What do they cause
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
Spongiform encephalopathy and dementia - ataxia and death.
viral shapes
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
40. What is the presentation of ETEC and What is the mechanism of the toxin
41. Recurrent fever from variable surface antigen - transmitted by louse
smooth ER
B cells
Borrelia recurrentis
Spikes
42. 70S = 30S + 50S
Koch's Postulates 2
Meningococci
Streptococcus mutans
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
43. What shape are s pneumo - do they have a capsule and what protease do they have
Oral and esophageal thrush
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
archaea domain
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
44. when viruses with a segmented genomes (influenza virus) exchange segments - high frequency recombination - cause of worldwide influenza pandemics
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves
Reassortment
Histoplasmosis - mississippi and ohio river valley
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
45. How do you treat actinomyces or nocardia
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
Bartonella sp
46. What are koplick spots - and when/How does the rash present in measles infxn
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
Francesco Redi
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
eukaryotes
47. Same organism must be found in all cases of disease
48. Spherical
Transformation or competence
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
Specialized transduction - an excision event
coccus
49. What is the nl flora of the vagina
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus
Viral gastroenteritis
Lactobacillus - colonized by E. coli and group B strep
50. What is the mode of transmission of salmonella and shigella
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
Food - fingers - feces - flies
Ingestion of preformed toxin
Candida albicans