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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What can cause food poisoning in poultry - meat and eggs
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
Interstitial pneumonia - AIDS - diffuse bilateral CXR appearance - dx by lung biopsy or lavage - ID- ed by methanamine silver stain of lung tissue
Starts quickly and ends quickly
Salmonella
2. What does gonococi cause
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
M. kansasii
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
E. Coli
3. trophozoite ring form in RBC
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
spontaneous generation example
CMV - RSV
Plasmodium
4. Can grow with or without oxygen but prefers oxygen
chemical synthesis...
HDV
Meningococci
facultative
5. What bugs are the facultative intracellular
adsorption (AV)
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
6. How do you treat lyme disease
Hemagluttin
Viridans is resistant and pneumo is sensitive - OVRPS (overpass)
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
7. What is the fxn and chemical composition of bacterial periplasm
Space between cytoplasmic membrane and peptidoglycan wall in gram neg bacteria contains many hydrolytic enzymes - including beta lactamases
Nucelocapsid - nucleic acid
Salmonella
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
8. What are the AST/ALT relationships in viral hepatitis vs alcoholic hepatitis
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
Aedes mosquitos with monkey or human resevoir -; high fever - black vomitus - and jaundice
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
9. What lab values are classic but not specific for osteomyelitis
Rose gardner's
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
Elevated CRP and ESR
penetration (B)
10. What bacteria requires acid fast stain to visualize
replication for prokaryotes
Mycobacterium
Virbrio cholera
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
11. With strep grown on bacitracin - which are sensitive and which are resistant
Paracoccidioidomycosis
gram stain - definition
Staph saprophyticus
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
12. What are the gram neg coccus (genus)
bacteria domain
trichomoniasis...
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
Neisseria
13. Why are pregnant women told to avoid cats
Toxo crosses the placenta
Dipicolinic acid
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
Guillain barre
14. What C. diptheria grows on...
Tellurite agar
Legionella
what many pathogenic fungi are
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
15. portal HTN - parasite
food thickeners
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
Schistosoma mansori
cell membrane - function
16. CO2 concentration and temperature
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
All except coxiella are via arthropod
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
endocytosis...
17. In which age group is the peak incidence for mononucleosis - and how are the reactive cytotoxic T cells termed?
giardia
Chronic monoarthritis and migratory polyarthritis
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Beta hemolytic
18. What bacteria causes Lyme disease - How is transmitted - How does it present - and what other systems does it effect
Metabolic activity without division
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
Borrelia burgdorferi - transmited by Ixodes - erythema chronicum migrans (bulls eye rash with central clearing) effects joints - CNS and heart
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
19. What are the 4 Cs of HCV
Group B are resistant - group A are sensitive - B- BRAS
Gonococci
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
Chronic - cirrhosis - carcinoma - carriers
20. fluffy white cottage chees lesions in mouth of HIV pos pts with pseudohyphae microscopicallly
Type B protease IgA
Candida
Clostridia
chromosome - description
21. Which form of Hansens disease is lethal
S. aureus
Lepromatous
Antigen in urine
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
22. What cell wall structures are found only in gram neg bacteria
cilia
genus
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
23. Spaghetti and meatball appearance on KOH prep - dz - organism
spontaneous generation example
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
Sexual activity - but not an STI
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
24. When do you screen pregnant women and What do you treat them with if they are are pos
JC virus causing PML
polyhedral shape - defintion
Gonococci
35 to 37 weeks - intrapartum pen prophylaxis
25. May carry genes for antibiotic resistance - toxin production - synthesis of enzymes
plasmid - function
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin
26. Pasteur's swan - shaped flask kept microbes out but let air in
Theory of Biogenesis
IL-1 - lever - TNF - fever/hemorrhagic tissue necrosis - NO - hypotension
Nocardia asteroides
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
27. ___ of cancers are known to be _____ induced
coccus
10%; viral
germination
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
28. Are atypical lymphocytes actually atypical?
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
spontaneous generation
No they are T cells reacting to EBV infected cells
Borrelia burgdorferi
29. Blue - green pigment and fruity odor - usually nosocomial and drug resistant cause of UTI
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
M. kansasii
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
Pseudomonas
30. Mycology - bacteriology - virology - algology - protozoology
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
Borrelia burgdorferi
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
five fields of microbiology
31. What kind of result is expected from the Weill Felix test in Q fever
Salmonella typhi
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
Negative
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
32. In which population does most osteomyelitis occur
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Children
chromosome - description
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes
33. What can cause food poisoning in improperly canned foods (bulging cans)
Pleuritic chest pain - hemoptysis - infiltrates on imaging
C. botulinum
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
how many degrees celsius for mold?
34. perianal pruritis - parasite
Enterobius
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
Salpingitis
35. What do you see on blood agar with C. perfringens
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
Double zone of hemolysis
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
36. What are the two reoviruses and What do they cause
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
37. What does reverse transcriptase do in HIV
Fusion and entry
Azithromycin
Dipicolinic acid
Synthesized dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
38. What is the pathophys of tinea versicolor
fungi
Sexual activity - but not an STI
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
lysis
39. What species producing watery diarrhea produce St and LT toxins - and is the main cause of travelers diarrhea
Trigeminal ganglia
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
Entertoxigenic E. coli
Lymph nodes
40. Ribosomes - chromosomes - plasmid - cytoplasm
envelope is composed of...
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
in prokaryotic cell membranes -
capsid - definition
41. usage of which Abx can lead to c diff.
fimbriae - function
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
plasmid - definition
Clindamycin or ampicillin
42. Trichomonas vaginalis - STD - many women and men are asymptomatic
Cholesterol
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
Clue cells - or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria visible under the microscope
trichomoniasis...
43. How is HBV transmitted primarily and how long is the incubation period for
IL-1 - lever - TNF - fever/hemorrhagic tissue necrosis - NO - hypotension
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
chemical synthesis...
Clindamycin or ampicillin
44. In who does HEV have high mortality
bacteria domain
Pregnant women
D- K
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
45. What are spores highly resistant to - and What can be done to overcome it
Rickettsia rickettsii
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
HPV - warts (1 - 2 - 6 - 11) - CIN - cervical cancer (16 - 18) vaccine available
46. ___ percent of infected illnesses are caused by ___
Vagina
60%; viruses
Specialized transduction - an excision event
Motility - protein
47. Water movement with hypotonic solution or hypertonic solution
osmotic pressure
characteristics of bacteria (5)
antibiotics
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
48. Allows attachment of bacteria to surfaces
Enteroinvasive E. coli
plasmid - function
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
fimbriae - function
49. When is the AIDS dx made
CD4 less than or equal to 200 - or HIV pos with AIDS defining conditino like pneumocytsis jerovici or a CD4/CD8 < 1.5
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
production of beer and wine
Schistosoma haematobium
50. What does catalase do
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase