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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where are spores of C. botulinum found
Insidious onset - HA - non productive cough - diffuse interstitial infiltrate
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
differential staining of bacteria
yeast
2. Where doe HSV1 cells remain latent
Trigeminal ganglia
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
cilia
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
3. What diseases can CMV cause and What is the route of infection
five fields of microbiology
specialized flagella
ribosomes - function
Congenital infection - mononucleosis with negative monospot - pneumonia - congenital - transfusion - sexual contact - saliva - urine - transplant
4. How do group B strep grow on blood agar
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Beta hemolytic
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
S. aureus
5. asplenic pt
release (AV)
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
Shigella
6. In who do you see meningitis from h flu type b
Unimmunised kids
Nematode in undercooked meat
Metronidazole
Gallbladder
7. Golgi complex - mitochondria - chloroplasts* - endoplasmic reticulum - nucleus
eukaryotic organelles (5)
HEV
Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli
Transfer of just plasmid in F+ and transfer of plasmid plus some flanking genes in Hfr x F-
8. What is the process of replication for HBV and are there carriers
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
Clostridium botulinum
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
9. What test is done with a smear of an openedskin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells and What is used for
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
N. gonorrhea - vancomycin (inhibits gram pos) polymyxin (inhibits gram neg) - nystatin (inhibits fungi)
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
10. What prophylactic treatment is given to AIDS pts to prevent M. avium intracellulare
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
Elementary body
Azithromycin
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
11. What doe HBV and HCV infxn predispose to...
C. botulinum
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
capsid - definition
12. What is pontiac fever
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
how wine is spoiled
Entamoeba histolytica
bacteria domain
13. Apiration PNA - orgs
Visceral leishmaniasis - donovani - sandly - macrophages containing amastigotes (lack flagella) - sodium stibogluconate
C. trachomatis - subactue - often undiagnosed - N. gono - acute with high fever; C. trachomatis is the most common STI in the US
Anaerobes
Croup - seal like barking cough
14. How does mucomycosis present clinically
EBV
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
Pharyngitis - cellulitis - impetigo
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
15. What vaccine can prevent diptheria
Paracoccidioidomycosis
When nutriets are limited
Toxoid vaccine
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever
16. variola - lots of spots
Fever - rash - shock - S aureas - TSST-1
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
capsid - function
Poxvirus - smallpox no longer present outside labs
17. Unimmunized child with a rash beginning at his head and moving down with postauricular lymphadenopathy
bacteriology
Klebsiella
Pasteurella multocida
Rubella
18. What is the progression of disease in rabies infxn
Oral and esophageal thrush
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
Fungi
19. Which kind of viral vaccine requires a booster
anaerobic
Killed/inactivated
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
20. atypical PNA
Conversion of a normal cellular protein termed prion protein (PrPc) toa beta pleated form (PrPsc) Which is transmissible - resists degradation and facilitates conversion of still more PrPc to PrPsc
Chronic monoarthritis and migratory polyarthritis
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
21. 2nd leading cause of community acquired UTI among sexually active women
Elevated CRP and ESR
Staph saprophyticus
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
22. What are the signs of neurosyphillis
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
JC virus causing PML
Bacillus anthracis
23. What does Rubella virus cause
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
Tetracycline or erythromycin
gram- positive cell wall
German measles - fever - posauricular tenderness - lymphadenopathy - arthralgias - fine truncal rash - mild disease in children but serious congenital disease (a TORCH infxn)
24. What s. aureus infection is an imporant cause of serious nosocomial and community- acquired infections
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
Starts quickly and ends quickly
25. What species causing bloody or watery diarrhea produces a pseudomembranous colitis
Epiglottitis H flu type B
assembly (AV)
Protein synthesis - 30S and 50S subunits
C. diff
26. Trichomonas vaginalis - STD - many women and men are asymptomatic
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
Pneumocystis jerovici
trichomoniasis...
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
27. What does vibrio cholerae do to Gs
flaccid paralysis
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
Dipoid RNA
28. PNA in children 4wks to 18yrs
Oral and esophageal thrush
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Fever - rash - shock - S aureas - TSST-1
acid- fast - color
29. What can cause food poisoning in poultry - meat and eggs
Salmonella
Neisseria
Koch's Postulates 1
cell wall - function
30. What kind of virus is HEV and What does it cause
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Genital herpes - warts - cervical cancer from HPV
Mononuclear cells
RNA hepevirs - transmitted enterically and causes water borne epidemics - resembles HAV in course - severity - incubation - high mortality in pregnant women
31. Severe diarrhea in AIDS - mild disease with watery diarrhea in immunoCtent - dz - transmission - dx - and tx
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
Silver stain
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
32. In which population does most osteomyelitis occur
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Children
33. What organisms are encapsulated
staining of bacteria
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Strep pneumo - klebesiella - H flu type b - N. meningititides - salmonella - group B strep
flagella - description
34. What is the organism and histological findings for ehrliciosis
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
prokaryotes
35. Prokaryotes that lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls and often live in extreme conditions
C. diptheriae
archaea domain
Mycobacterium
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
36. How much more frequently do women have UTIs than men - why - and What are predisposing factors
assembly (B)
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
Lower lobe
Mycobacterium TB (Pott's dz)
37. This bacteria is a majore cause of bloody diarrhea - esp in children - fecal - oral transmission through mean (poultry - met unspasteurized milk
Cmv
Campylocobacter jejuni
All of them
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
38. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 50
staining of bacteria
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
chemical synthesis...
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
39. What schistosoma species is associated with squamous cell carcinoma - and of what organi
Koch's Postulates 2
pasteurization
Haematobium - bladder
Actic polymerization
40. What OI/disease occurs in the brain of AIDS pts
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
Weil Felix test
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase
pasteurization
41. What is the resevoir for Microsporum and What is the management
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
Pets - treat with topical azoles
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
trichomoniasis symptoms
42. When is the AIDS dx made
John Needham - experiment
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
CD4 less than or equal to 200 - or HIV pos with AIDS defining conditino like pneumocytsis jerovici or a CD4/CD8 < 1.5
43. health care provider
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
chromosome - description
HBV from needle stick
Giardia and crytosporidium in immunoCised pts
44. exchange o- f genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over within regions of significant base sequence homology
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
H. pylori
Recombination
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
45. intestinal nematode causing anal pruritis - scotch tape test - org - transmission - tx
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
Grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile
Mumps virus - mumps
46. What are the ToRCHeS infxns and What are the nonspecific signs common to ToRCHeS infxns
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
Pasteurella multocida
Koch's Postulates 4
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
47. Which of the togoviruses are arboviruses and which are not
Antigen in urine
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
H flu type B
48. What are agryll roberston pupils
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
F+ plasmid can become incorportated into bacterial chromosome DNA
genus
49. What does group B strep cause
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
Anaerobes
they are eukaryotes
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
50. currant jelly sputum
bacteriology
Common cold and SARS
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Klebsiella