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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the technique to visualize treponema
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
Between 2 and 18 months
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
2. What happens when primary TB heals by fibrosis
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
Rubella
Hemagluttin
3. What OI/disease occurs in the eyes of AIDS pts
complex virus example
CMV retinitis
germination
Actic polymerization
4. What are the findings for pressure - cell type - protein and sugar in the CSF with a bacterial meningitis
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
CMV - RSV
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
5. What does c perfringens produce and What does it do
Elementary body
spontaneous generation
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
6. What can cause food poisoning in poultry - meat and eggs
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
Salmonella
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
how wine is spoiled
7. Will show the difference between two things
Rubella
characteristics of bacteria (5)
fungi
differential staining of bacteria
8. What bacteria are considered enterococci - where are they found - and What do they cause
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
Severe - daily cycles - parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in the brain - kidneys and lungs
9. What is the H flu vaccine
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
Type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diptheria toxoid or other protein
coccus
10. Provides structure
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
S. pneumo - Influenza virus - anaerobies - H flu - GNR
cell wall - function
Unimmunised kids
11. What bug grows on thayer - martin (or VPN) media - What does VPN stand for
N. gonorrhea - vancomycin (inhibits gram pos) polymyxin (inhibits gram neg) - nystatin (inhibits fungi)
Pasteurella multocida
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
Children
12. What is the source of pseudomonas and What does virulence factors does it have
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
viral shapes
Antibody to HBeAg - indicates low transmissability
13. In who do you see meningitis from h flu type b
CMV retinitis
Strep pneumo and viridans
Rabies
Unimmunised kids
14. Spaghetti and meatball appearance on KOH prep - dz - organism
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
mycolic acid - definition
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
100 micrometers
15. Dimorphic/biphasic
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
what many pathogenic fungi are
HBC - hepatitis B
Entertoxigenic E. coli
16. What kind of exotoxin does C. tetani have and What does it do
gram- negative stain - color
pasteurization
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
No - erythromycin
17. What is the TX for pseudomonas
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
18. what bug grows on charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
Legionella
dormant
RNA hepevirs - transmitted enterically and causes water borne epidemics - resembles HAV in course - severity - incubation - high mortality in pregnant women
19. Smallest living cell - fried egg appearance of colonies - no cell wall - contain sterols in cell membrane - cause walking pneumonia
prokaryotes
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
mycoplasma (5) - description
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
20. What makes a virus a retrovirus - name two
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
golgi complex - function
Croup - seal like barking cough
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
21. What are the gram neg coccus (genus)
Pen
Neisseria
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
Pseudomonas
22. yeast infection
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
cell wall - function
prokaryotic cell membrane (5)
candidiasis
23. Prevents contraction of muscles
Gardnerella vaginalis
Salmonella typhi
H flu
flaccid paralysis
24. Which neisseria has a polysaccharide capsule
fungi kingdom
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
Meningococci
eukaryotic organelles (5)
25. What are the lab findings for cholera
Borrelia burgdorferi
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
two genre of bacteria that produce endospores
26. Helical - polyhedral - complex
viral shapes
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
food thickeners
eukaryotes
27. What is the treatment for tinea versicolor
Rabies
HBC - hepatitis B
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
28. 37 celsius
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
Only borrelia
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
Anaerobes
29. Hyperalimentation is a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Site of endotoxin (LPS) - major surface antigen - lipid A induces TNF and IL-1 - polysaccharide is the antigen
Candida albicans
Toxin A - enterotoxin binds to brush border of the gut - Toxin B - cytotoxin - destroys the cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes - causing pseudomembranous colitis
differential staining of bacteria
30. What feature of influenza can lead to worldwide pandemics of flu
8 segments of neg stranded RNA undergo high frequency recombinatino via reassortment
Metronidazole
lysozyme
what envelope contains
31. What chlamydiae cause reactive arthritis - conjunctivitis - nongonococcal urethritis - PID
S. pneumo - klebsiella - staph
golgi complex - function
Chlamydia trachomatis
Treponema
32. Trichamonas vaginalis - tricky Ts
Protozoan - STD
Treponema - primary syphillis
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
33. Long network of tubules continuous with the nuclear envelope
Inc - inc lymphos - inc - dec
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Cryptosporidium
Measles rubeola - measles
34. Which gram neg bacteria have pleomorphic morphology
Type B protease IgA
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
35. Virus is engulfed by host cell
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
endocytosis...
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
Only borrelia
36. What are the 4 phases of HIV
replication for prokaryotes
Both are lactose fermenters - both invade intestinal mucosa and can cause blood diarrhea
Flulike (acute) - feeling fine (latent) - falling count - final crisis
S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus
37. TB like dz in HIV pos pt with CD4 < 50
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
spiral - spirochete
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
38. gram pos - spore forming - obligate anaerobes
Clostridia
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Bulls eye rash - flulike symptoms
39. What can cause food poisoning in reheated meat dishes
C. perfringens
Taenia solium - cysticercosis
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
40. What is the treatment for meningitis from H flue
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
Degrades H2O2 before it can be converted to micorbicidal products by the enzyme myeloperoxidase
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
41. What bugs are obligate aerobes
HBsAg - HBeAg - IgM - Anti - HBcAg
Blocka glycine and GABA release - inhibitory NTs from Renshaw cells in spinal cord
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
42. Minor changes based on random mutation
Prior HAV infection - protects against reinfection
Genetic drift - epidemic
Measles rubeola - measles
histoplasmosis
43. What other disease can mesenteric adenitis mimic
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
malaria symptoms
Metabolic activity without division
Crohns or appendicitis
44. What are the different virulence factors in E. coli and What do they cause
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
S. epidermidis
Mold with septate hyphae that branch at acute angles
Rubella
45. transmitted fecal - oral - short incubation - no carriers usually asymptomatic - hep virus and family
HAV - RNA picornavirus
Does not ferment sorbitol
Bacillus anthracis
plasmid - definition
46. Osteomyelitis after prosthetic replacement
S. aureus and S. epidermidis
Cmv
arrangements - diplo
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
47. What is the TX for pneumocystis jerovici
protozoology
60%; viruses
E. coli
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200
48. Basic shapes - arrangements - motility - staining - oxygen requirements
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
characteristics of bacteria (5)
Spastic - trismus (lockjaw and risus sardonicus)
ribosomes - function
49. vaginitis - strawberry colored mucosa - corkscrew motility on wet prep - org and dz
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
Killed viral vaccine
S. aureus
five fields of microbiology
50. PNA in CF
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
HSV - skin or mucous membrance contact
Pseudomonas