SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What is the TX for candidiasis
Preallergic lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination - reactivation in adult life
Ingestion of preformed toxin
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
2. What are PE signs of PID
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Paragonimus westermani
3. What virulence factor binds Fc region of Ig - prevents opsonization and phagocytosis and what bug has it
H. pylori
HEV
Protein A - S. aureus
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
4. Which Abx are ineffective against obligate anaerobes and why - where are anaerobes nl found
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
H flu type B
Toxoplasma - cysts in meat or cat feces - serology/biopsy - sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
5. cestode causing intestinal tapeworms - org - transmission - tx
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
ribosomes - function
6. Chronic watery diarrhea in HIV pos pt with acid fast cysts seen in stool
Cryptosporidium
histoplasmosis
pasteurization
Preallergic lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination - reactivation in adult life
7. Which bacteria grow pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
60%; viruses
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
8. Water movement with hypotonic solution or hypertonic solution
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
malaria symptoms
osmotic pressure
algology
9. What is the most invasive H flu disease caused by and what virulence factor does it produce
protozoa (3)
Pregnant women
Type B protease IgA
bacteriophage - definition
10. What does Anti HBcAg (IgM) indicate
Acute/recent infection
virus example
envelope - definition
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
11. What OI/disease occurs in the GI of AIDS pts
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
Many treponemas
animal kingdom
12. bilateral bells palsy
C. botulinum
Borrelia burgdorferi
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
13. What does p24 do
100 micrometers
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
Capsid protein
14. What are the cause causes of meningitis in HIV
Silver stain
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
Hemagluttin
Bad xray - worse than pt - high titer of cold agglutinins (IgM) which can agglutinate or lyse RBCs - grown on Eaton's agar
15. Lobe- like projections of the cytoplasm Amoeba
Aerosal - from environmental water source
pseudopodia
staining of bacteria
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
16. Where does the rickettsiae rash start and Where does the typhus rash start
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
envelope - definition
Aerosal - from environmental water source
C. diptheriae
17. Intestinal flora that causes lobar pneumonia in alcoholics and diabetics when aspirated
Streptococcus mutans
Klebsiella
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
18. What happens in tertiary syphillis
HIV - AIDS
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
Epiglottitis H flu type B
JC - progressive mutlifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
19. Sick cell trait
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
arrangements - staphylo
people with _____ have some protection against infection with malaria
Immediately upon exposure
20. Of the serotypes of chlamidyia trachomatis - which cause chronic infection and blindness due to follicular conjunctivitis in Africa
Strep bovis - also group D
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
ABC
Spikes
21. Toxic effect with oysters and mollusks
red tide
N. gono causing gono
three domains of microorganisms
animal kingdom
22. Where are spores of C. botulinum found
Canned food - honey (causing floppy baby)
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
23. atypical PNA
Capsid protein
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
B cells
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
24. Alcohol dissolves outer membrane and leaves holes in peptidoglycan - CV-I crystals wash out
Elevated CRP and ESR
HHV-6 roseola
gram- negative stain - explanation
single- stranded RNA
25. What bug produces a red pigment
Serratia
HHV-6 roseola
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
26. Methanogens - halophiles - and hyperthermophiles
Aureus does - epidermidis and group B do not
3 groups in archaea
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
biogenesis
27. What stain shows legionella
Silver stain
H. flu
Clostridium tetani
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
28. Allows attachment of bacteria to surfaces
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
Enteroinvasive E. coli
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
fimbriae - function
29. What feature is unique to shigella
Tellurite agar
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
B cells
30. Hairy leukoplakia often on lateral tongue in HIV pos pt
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
Toxo crosses the placenta
EBV
halophiles
31. Fever and chills
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
malaria symptoms
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
differential staining example
32. Which neisseria has a polysaccharide capsule
replication (AV)
Meningococci
Legionella
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block
33. Newborn nursery is a risk factor For what nosocomial infections
production of beer and wine
CMV - RSV
Dark field microscopy
HBV
34. asplenic pt
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
Cholesterol
35. Size - cell structure - replication
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Rotavirus - adenovirus - norwalk virus
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
Metronidazole
36. What chlamydiae cause reactive arthritis - conjunctivitis - nongonococcal urethritis - PID
Chlamydia trachomatis
Mycobacterium
Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli
Ingestion of preformed toxin
37. 3rd leading cause of UTI - large mucoid capsule and viscous colonies
Rose gardner's
Klebsiella pneumo
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
38. noninflammatory - malodorous discharge with a fishy smell: pos whiff test and clue cells - org and dz
Clostridium botulinum
facultative
protozoology
Gardnerella vaginialis and bacterial vaginosis
39. fluffy white cottage chees lesions in mouth of HIV pos pts with pseudohyphae microscopicallly
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
Candida
Cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign) purulent cervical discharge
HEV
40. What kind of exotoxin does E. coli have and What does it work
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
ADP- R AB toxin: heat labile - stimulates adenylate cylcase - heat stable toxin stimulates guanylate cyclase - both cause watery diarrhea
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
Topocal miconazole - selenium sulfide
41. What are important resevoirs for borrelia and What animal is required for tick life cycle
EBV
Borrelia burgdorferi
Mice - deer
Sporothrix schenckii
42. Squamous cell carcinoma in anus of MSM or cervix of females of HIV pso pt
PHV
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
MRSA - resistant to beta lactams due to altered penicillen binding protein
Bartonella henselae
43. yeast infection
candidiasis
viruses
Coagulation cascade - DIC
E. Coli
44. What bug produces a blue - green pigment
Bat - racoon - skunk
M. kansasii
Actinomyces israeli
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
45. Where doe HSV1 cells remain latent
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
Trigeminal ganglia
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
46. Animals - plants - fungi - and protists
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic
S. pneumo - klebsiella - staph
eukarya domain
47. This bacteria is usually transmitted from pet feces - contaminated milk or pork - What does it cause
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
Rose gardner's
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
Theory of Biogenesis
48. What does Anti HBcAg (IgG) indicate
cytoplasm - definition
HIV - malnutrition - death
Chronic disease - positive during window period
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
49. Water moves into the cell; cell wall is strong = contains the swelling - cell wall is weak = osmotic lysis
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
HBC - hepatitis B
hypotonic solution
facultative
50. dog or cat bite
Pasteurella multocida
E. Coli
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
C3a - hypotension - edema and C5a - neutrophil chemotaxis