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Microbiology

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What drug is give as prophylaxis for close contacts of of meningococci
Rifampin
Haematobium - bladder
Env - gp120 and gp41 - gag - p24 - pol - reverse transcriptase
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy

2. Mycology - bacteriology - virology - algology - protozoology
C. perfringens
Apices of lung - immune system compromise - or anti - TNF alpha use
IgG Anti - HBcAg
five fields of microbiology

3. What does Anti HBcAg (IgG) indicate
endospores
Klebsiella granulomatis
Chronic disease - positive during window period
Klebsiella

4. What is the mode of transmission of salmonella and shigella
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
Beta hemolytic
Food - fingers - feces - flies
glycocalyx - function

5. Squamous cell carcinoma in anus of MSM or cervix of females of HIV pso pt
Capsid protein
No envelope
Koch's Postulates 2
PHV

6. Sporulation
cell wall - function
Candida albicans
Haemophilus - legionella - bordetella - francisella - brucella - pasteurella - bartonella - garderella
endospores are formed via

7. What does candida result in with immunoCised pts
Oral and esophageal thrush
Fungi
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare

8. Chains
Rapid cell division
they are eukaryotes
Ingestion of preformed toxin
arrangements - strepto...

9. Which are the DNA enveloped viruses
characteristics of bacteria (5)
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
Herpesviruses - HBV - smallpox

10. How is HBV transmitted primarily and how long is the incubation period for
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
Pseudomonas
Legionella

11. Brain abscesses in HIV pos pts with ring enhancing lesions on imaging
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block
release (B)
Toxoplasmosis
hypotonic solution

12. Tail fibers attach to outside of host cell
E. coli - shigella - salmonella - yersinia - klebsiella - proteus - enterobacter - serratia - vibrio - campylobacter - helicobacter - pseudomonas - bacteroides
adsorption (B)
Pasteurella multocida
Legionella

13. What kind does exotoxin from C. botulinum do
Dipoid RNA
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
Reverse transcriptase - HIV - HTLV - T cell leukemia
Blocks the release of ACH - causes anticholinergic symptoms - CNS paralysis - especially cranial nerves

14. What bug grows on eaton's agar
genus
M. pneumoniae
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
spontaneous generation

15. This fungi causes pneumonia and meningitis can disseminate to bone - cases inc after earthquakes - name of dz - classic histo finding and endemic area
Mumps virus - mumps
Double zone of hemolysis
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
eukaryotic organelles (5)

16. Bugs in hospital acquired PNA
envelope is composed of...
chloroplasts - function
Staph or enteric GNR
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV

17. How do group B strep respond to bacitracin
B cells - fever hepatosplenomegaly - pharyngitis - lymphadenopathy
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Resistant
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV

18. Which gram neg bacteria have pleomorphic morphology
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
Robert Koch
polyhedral shape - defintion

19. What organisms stain with Ziehl - Neelson
Louis Pasteur
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
Acid fast organisms

20. Which spirochete can be visulized using aniline dyes in light microscopy
Teichoic acid
Toxin A - enterotoxin binds to brush border of the gut - Toxin B - cytotoxin - destroys the cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes - causing pseudomembranous colitis
Only borrelia
lysis

21. meningitis from 6 -60 yrs
Treponema - primary syphillis
golgi complex - function
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
cilia - function

22. varicella - lots of spots
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster

23. What cell wall structures are found only in gram neg bacteria
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Endotoxin/LPS - the periplasmic space (location of many beta lactamases)
Bacterial superinfection

24. What pyogenic infections does s pyogenes cause
Pharyngitis - cellulitis - impetigo
five fields of microbiology
Protozoan - causes chagas dz - or african sleeping sickness
Hemagluttin

25. No metabolic activity
icosahedron
dormant
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
CMV - sexual contact - organ transplants

26. Which DNA viruses are not linear
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - acute renal failure
arrangements - diplo
how many degrees celsius for yeast?

27. What does c perfringens produce and What does it do
Trichamonas vaginalis - trichomoniasis
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
nucleic acid
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles

28. What species producing watery diarrhea produce St and LT toxins - and is the main cause of travelers diarrhea
Entertoxigenic E. coli
B19 virus - aplastic crisis in sickle cell - slapped cheek rash in kids - erythema infectosum (5th disease) - RBC destruction in fetus leads to hydrops fetalis and death - pure RBC aplasia and RA like symtpoms in adults
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
release (B)

29. What viruses make up the arena virus family
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
Mycobacterium
single- stranded DNA
Mycoplasma

30. mycobacterium causing disseminated disease in AIDS - resistant to multiple drugs - cannot be grown in vitro
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
Metabolic activity without division
M. avium intracellulare
Measles - koplik spots on buccal mucosa are diagnostic

31. What question mark shaped bacteria is found in water contaminated with animal urine and What does it cause
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
basic shapes of bacteria
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel

32. Acetone - alcohol - antibiotics
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
Superantigen
chemical synthesis...
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver

33. Which kind of neisseria is sexually transmitted
Gonococci
IgG Anti - HBcAg
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe

34. What bacteria has protein A and What does it do
S. aureus - virulence factor - binds Fc - IgG - inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
RNA hepevirs - transmitted enterically and causes water borne epidemics - resembles HAV in course - severity - incubation - high mortality in pregnant women
how many degrees celsius for yeast?
biogenesis

35. What proteins do the HIV virus bind on T cells and MACS and what confers immunity to HIV
specialized flagella
Gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis - herpes labialis - respiratory secretions - saliva
CXCR4 on CD4 cells - CCR5 on CD4 and MACS - homozygous CCRF mutation confer immunity - CCR5 heterozygoes have slower course
Parvoviridae

36. Vesciular rash on palms and soles with ulcers in oral mucosa - agent and dz
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
Group B strep - E. coli
All of them

37. What doe HBV and HCV infxn predispose to...
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
Neisseria
Enterobacter cloacae
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus

38. What is the TX for h pylori
Protein A - S. aureus
Starts quickly and ends quickly
Triple therapy - metronidazole - bismuth - either tetracycline or amoxicillin OR metro - omeprazole and clarithromycin
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity

39. Which hepatitis causes post - transfusion hepatitis
HCV
None - but are colonized rapidly after birth
Robert Koch
Rose gardner's

40. Tetanus - toxin prevents relaxation of muscles
Vanc resis enterococci and are important cause of nosocomial infection
antibiotics
Clostridium tetani
Streptococcus - staphylococus

41. toxoplasma - tricky Ts
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
Naegleria fowleri - freshwater lakes through cribiform plate - amoebas in spinal fluid - amphotericin for survivors
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
replication (AV)

42. Which of the togoviruses are arboviruses and which are not
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
Borrelia burgdorferi - transmited by Ixodes - erythema chronicum migrans (bulls eye rash with central clearing) effects joints - CNS and heart
gram- positive stain - color
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis

43. taenia solium - tricky Ts
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
chromosomes in nucleus are...
Type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diptheria toxoid or other protein

44. Lowercase/italics or underlined
Mycobacterium
species
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
Cool temps - infects skin and superficial nerves - armadillos

45. What are the black skin lesions in anthrax caused by
Shigella
Measles
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation

46. How do you treat lyme disease
endospores
HCV
Doxycycline and ceftriaxone
S. epidermidis; colonized by S. aureus

47. What are the best serologic markers to detect for active Hep A
Treponema
Anti - HAVAb IgM
Serratia
Paracoccidioidomycosis

48. What is S. aureus food poisoning due to...
production of beer and wine
Ingestion of preformed toxin
Edema factor - part of the toxin complex - is an adenylate cyclase
Skin infections - organ abscesses - pneumonia

49. Binary fission + cytokinesis
replication for prokaryotes
how do viruses take over a host cell?
Influenza virus
Immediately upon exposure

50. Why is the polysaccharide capsule conjugated to a protein
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
E. coli
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal