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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are agryll roberston pupils
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
L1 - L2 - L3
2. Virus is engulfed by host cell
Yersinia enterocolitica
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
HHV-6; high fevers followed by diffuse maculopapular rash
endocytosis...
3. What does MOPS stand for with s pneumo
ribosomes - function
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
4. Will show special structures
special staining of bacteria
hyperthermophiles
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
Edema factor - part of the toxin complex - is an adenylate cyclase
5. what bug grows blue black colonies on eosin - methylene blue agar with metallic sheen
E. Coli
Food - fingers - feces - flies
HHV 6 - roseola
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
6. Mycology - bacteriology - virology - algology - protozoology
five fields of microbiology
flagella - function
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
cilia
7. What is the presentation and mechanism of toxin in EHEC
H flu type B
Itraconazole or potassium iodide
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
8. Paramecium
cilia
Metronidazole
Treponema - tertiary syphillis
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
9. Acetone - alcohol - antibiotics
Children; parainfluenza (croup seal like barking cough) - mumps - measles and RSV (bronchiolitis - PNA) in infants
chemical synthesis...
arrangements - staphylo
Resistant
10. Nucleic acid goes into capsid; tail is attached
assembly (B)
Legionella
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
11. Which form of Hansens disease is lethal
Reassortment
Meningitis - waterhouse friderichsen -
Lepromatous
Capsid protein
12. This cause of UTI is often nosocomial and drug resistant
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
Enterobacter cloacae
Provides resistance to dehydration - heat and chemicals; keratin like coat; dipicolinic acid
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
13. This rash begins at the head and moves down; postauricular lymphadenopathy - agent and dz
nucleic acid
C. perfringens
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
Rubella german measles
14. What are the ToRCHeS infxns and What are the nonspecific signs common to ToRCHeS infxns
Lepromatous
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
15. cestode causing cysticercosis - org - transmission - tx
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
hypertonic solution
Tellurite agar
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
16. How do pneumocystis appear microscopically
Saucer shaped yeast forms
Diphyllobothrium latum - ingestion of larvae in raw freshwater fish - praziquantel
S. aureus
flaccid paralysis
17. What are neoplasms associated with HIV
18. What does echovirus do
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
Aseptic meningitis
dormant
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
19. What are the findings for pressure - cell type - protein and sugar in the CSF with a bacterial meningitis
ADP- R AB toxin - inactivates EF-2; causes pharyngitis and pseudomembrane in the throat (similar to pseudomonas exotoxin A)
chromosome - function
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
20. Which DNA viruses are not linear
monera kingdom
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
S. epidermidis
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
21. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 100
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
Transformation or competence
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
22. What is the TX for pneumocystis jerovici
Bacillus anthracis
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200
penetration (B)
Traveler's diarrhea - labile toxin/stable toxin - no inflammatino or invasion
23. Water aerosols are a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Sexual activity - but not an STI
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
Legionella
24. Fungus grows on bird droppings - humans inhale spores which infect lungs
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is rare - and giant cell PNA in immunoCised
Mice - deer
histoplasmosis
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
25. bloating - flatulence - foul - smelling fatty diarrhea seen in campers/hikers - infection - transmission - dx - and tx
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
Giardia - cysts in water - trophozoites or cysts in stool - metronidazole
Klebsiella pneumo
HIV - sexual
26. Which kind of neisseria is sexually transmitted
Gonococci
Rifampin
spiral - vibrio
osmotic pressure
27. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
Between 2 and 18 months
plasmolysis
differential staining of bacteria
Francesco Redi - experiment
28. PNA in neonates < 4wks - orgs
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
Group B strep - E. coli
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
Pseudomonas
29. What is the difference in route of infection of botulism in adults vs babies
complex virus example
S. aureus
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
penetration (B)
30. TB like dz in HIV pos pt with CD4 < 50
Anti - HBsAb - Anti - HBeAb - Anti - HBcAb
Pen
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
Pasteurella multocida
31. Which are the picornaviruses - and What is there the common features
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
complex virus example
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
32. Size - cell structure - replication
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
flaccid paralysis
B cells
33. What 3 things cause rash on palms and soles
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
Gardnerella vaginalis
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
34. What happens when endotoxin activates hagemans factor
Coagulation cascade - DIC
replication (B)
Between 2 and 18 months
replication (AV)
35. What is the presentation of ETEC and What is the mechanism of the toxin
36. pos PAS stain
37. Study of fungi
mycology
fermentation - definition
Enteroinvasive E. coli
single- stranded DNA
38. What does neg PPD indicated
Cryptosporidium - mycobacterium avium - intracellulare - CMV colitis - non Hodgkin lymphoma from EBV - Isospora belli
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
No infection - anergic (steroids - malnutrition - immunoCised - sarcoidosis)
39. Will show the difference between two things
differential staining of bacteria
Measles
Gallbladder
M. tuberculosis
40. Decomposition - starting point of food chains - commercial applications
importance of microorganisms
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
41. What does candida result in with diabetic pts and Abx usage
Vulvuvaginitis
Antibody to HBeAg - indicates low transmissability
Tetracycline or erythromycin
endospores are formed via
42. What is the ability to take up DNA from evironment in bacteria
Transformation or competence
cytoplasm - definition
C. perfringens
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
43. What bugs are the facultative intracellular
Bartonella henselae
Chronic disease - positive during window period
R. typhi
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
44. Pure culture must cause same disease in test host
45. What is HBeAg
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
Gallbladder
cytoplasm - definition
Gambiense - rhodesiense
46. What bacteria are considered enterococci - where are they found - and What do they cause
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
Influenza virus
47. In who do you see meningitis from h flu type b
replication for eukaryotes
Avain resevoir
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
Unimmunised kids
48. mycobacterium causing disseminated disease in AIDS - resistant to multiple drugs - cannot be grown in vitro
Haemophilus ducreyi - chancroid
M. avium intracellulare
glycocalyx - function
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
49. When humans are the only test host - ethical issues; ex HIV
50. biliary tract disease - cholangiocarcinoma - parasite
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
what many pathogenic fungi are
Clonorchis sinensis