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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How does mucomycosis present clinically
Togavirus - german 3 day measles
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
>100 - acid labile - destroyed by stomach acid - does not infect GI
Transformation or competence
2. What are characteristics of obligate anaerobes
Actinomyces israeli
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Foul smelling (short chain fatty acids) - difficult to culture - produce gas in tissues (CO2 - H2)
Weil Felix test
3. What kind of temperatures do m. leprae like - What tissues do they infect - and What is the resevoir in the US
Cool temps - infects skin and superficial nerves - armadillos
Poliovirus - coxsackievirus - echovirus - HAV
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
4. When is H flu vaccine give
Borrelia recurrentis
Actinomyces and nocardia
Between 2 and 18 months
Paracoccidioidomycosis
5. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the only bacterial membrane containing what substance
Cholesterol
German measles - fever - posauricular tenderness - lymphadenopathy - arthralgias - fine truncal rash - mild disease in children but serious congenital disease (a TORCH infxn)
rough ER
Yersinia pestis
6. What is the Ghon complex
Brucella sp
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
Vulvuvaginitis
Surfers in the tropics
7. What organisms stain with PAS
8. What serum markers are present in the window period of HBV infxn
Actinomyces
pseudopodia
IgG Anti - HBcAg
Proteus mirabilis
9. Require intracellular parasite/has to be within a host cell to replicate (prokaryotic); Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
rickettsia
infection process of animal viruses (6)
L1 - L2 - L3
10. What is the main complication of mumps
Sterility
Koch's Postulates 1
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
11. What color is the sputum in klebsiella infxn an besides pneumonia - what else can it cause
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
Chlamydia trachomatis
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
peptidoglycan - definition
12. parotitis - meningitis - orchitis or oophoritis in young adults - agent and dz
Mice - deer
CMV - RSV
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Mumps virus - mumps
13. Herpes - warts
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
S. aureus
double- stranded DNA
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
14. What are the findings for pressure - cells type - protein and surgar in the CSF with a viral meningitis
H flu type B
Yeast - protazoan
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
15. Golgi complex - mitochondria - chloroplasts* - endoplasmic reticulum - nucleus
N. gonorrhoeae (rare) septic arthritis is more common
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Fever - malaise leading to agitation - photophobia - hydrophobia leading to paralysis - coma and death
eukaryotic organelles (5)
16. Which bacteria is an important cause of subacute endocarditis and bacteremia in colon cancer patients
Red current jelly - nosocomial UTI
Contains a variety genes for antibiotic resistance - enzymes and toxins; DNA
Strep bovis - also group D
Entamoeba histolytica
17. Cat scratch disease - can cause bacillary angiomatosis in immuncoCised patients - can be confused with KS
M. pneumoniae
Klebsiella
Koch's Postulates 4
Bartonella sp
18. Strict anaerobes that produce methane from CO2 and H
Sterility
methanogens
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
trichomoniasis symptoms
19. Eukaryotic and photosynthetic; can be unicellular - filamentous - or plant- like; includes brown - red - and green algae
H flu type B
Treponema - primary syphillis
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
algae characteristics (3)
20. asplenic pt
Epiglottitis (cherry- red in kids) meningitis - otitis media and pneumonia
chromosome - function
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation
Encapsulated microbes SHiN
21. What OI/disease occurs in the mouth and throat of AIDS pts
Legionella
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
22. Severe diarrhea in AIDS - mild disease with watery diarrhea in immunoCtent - dz - transmission - dx - and tx
Borrelia burgdorferi
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
23. painless chancre - org and dz
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
Bartonella henselae
Treponema - primary syphillis
Catalase pos microbes - S. aureus - Nocardia - aspergillus
24. Domain - kingdom - phylum - class - order - family - genus - species
Doxycycline
Salmonella typhi
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
taxonomic hierarchy
25. 25 celsius
how many degrees celsius for mold?
Tumbling motility - meningitis in newborns - unpasteurized milk
Brucella sp
production of beer and wine
26. What bug grows on eaton's agar
10 to 12
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
M. pneumoniae
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
27. Alcohol dehydrates peptidoglycan - CV-I crystals do not leave
Ferver - night sweats - weight loss - hemoptysis - can be drug resistant
gram- positive stain - explanation
double- stranded RNA
German measles - fever - posauricular tenderness - lymphadenopathy - arthralgias - fine truncal rash - mild disease in children but serious congenital disease (a TORCH infxn)
28. What does candida result in with diabetic pts and Abx usage
Vulvuvaginitis
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Genetic drift - epidemic
Acute/recent infection
29. What feature of influenza virus promotes it entry into cells
Hemagluttin
glycocalyx - function
hyperthermophiles
dormant
30. What is the resevoir for Microsporum and What is the management
Pets - treat with topical azoles
interferon
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
Fungi
31. What does coxaskcievirus do
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
H. pylori
Yes
germination
32. fluffy white cottage chees lesions in mouth of HIV pos pts with pseudohyphae microscopicallly
HSV-2 - genital herpes
Robert Koch
Parvo - single stranded
Candida
33. What bug produces a red pigment
Serratia
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
gram- negative stain - color
Clindamycin or ampicillin
34. Study of protozoans
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
protozoology
Cryptococcal meningitis - toxoplasmosis - CMV encelphalopathy - AIDS dementia - PML from JC virus
35. Which bacteria are beta hemolytic
Chlamydia trachomatis (D- K) - chlamydia
Schistosoma mansori
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
36. Nutrient broth - heated - and then placed in sealed flask => microbial growth
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
SHiN - strep pneumo - h flu - neisseria
John Needham - experiment
37. Water moves into the cell; cell wall is strong = contains the swelling - cell wall is weak = osmotic lysis
ribosomes (prokaryotic) - size
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
hypotonic solution
flagella
38. Require intracellular parasite/has to be within a host cell to replicate (prokaryotic); causes trachoma (most common infectious cause of blindness in the world)
HEV
chlamydia
HAV - RNA picornavirus
S. aureus
39. What cancers are associated with EBV virus
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Encapsulated or not - positive if encapsulated bug is present; capsule swells when specific anticapsular antisera are added
lysozyme
Hodgkin lymphoma - endemic Burkitt lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma
40. health care provider
HBV from needle stick
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
41. What is the pathophys of mucor
Toxplasmosis
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
Mycoplasma - C. pneumo and S pneumo
42. What are the gram neg coccus (genus)
Mice - deer
Neisseria
single- stranded DNA
Anaerobes
43. What organisms stain with Ziehl - Neelson
Acid fast organisms
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
Nonspecific antibody test that reacts with beef cardiolipin - used for screening of syphillis but many biologic false pos including viral infection (mono or hepatitis) some drugs - rheumatic fever - SLE and leprosy (V=viruses - D =drugs R = rheum fev
PCR/Viral load
44. What is Treponema - tricky Ts
Sexual activity - but not an STI
Spirochete - causes syphillis - or yaws (T. pertenue)
malaria
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
45. What can PID cause
S. aureus
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
Serratia marcescens
Common cold
46. Which are the RNA nucelocapsid viruses
Mycoplasma
golgi complex - function
Surfers in the tropics
Enteroviruses - rhinovirus - reovirus (rotavirus)
47. Multicellular and aerobic
Resistant
Major surface antigen - peptidoglycan for support - teichoic acid induces TNF and IL-1
molds
Malaria - plasmodium - anopheles - blood smear - cholorquine - resistant use mefloquine and for vivax/ovale add primaquine for dormant forms
48. What OI's are HIV pos patients at risk for with CD4 < 50
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
Klebsiella pneumo
Treponema
CMV retinitis and esophagitis - disseminated M avium intracellulare - cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
49. What diseases can VZV cause and What is the route of transmission
Trigeminal ganglia
tetanus
Shingles/chickenpox - encephalitis - pneumonia - respiratory secretions
Louis Pasteur
50. Obligate intracellular parasites - most can infect cells of only one host species
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
Palivizumab
viruses
microbiology