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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the symptoms of mumps
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
glycocalyx - function
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
2. What can PID cause
coccus
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
Salpingitis - endometritis - hydrosalpinx - tubo - ovarian abscess; can lead to Fitz - High - Curtis sydnrome - infectino of liver capsule and violin string adhesions of parietal peritoneum to liver
3. trematode causing inflammation and 2ndary bacterial infection of the lung with hemoptysis - org - transmission - tx
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
Pseudemonas aeruginosa
Paragonimus westermani - undercooked crab meat - praziquantel
Antigen in urine
4. Unimmunized child with a rash beginning at head and moving down - preceded by cough coryza and conjunctivitis and blue white spots on buccal mucosa
Toxoplasmosis - aerolized cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Measles
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
Serratia marcescens
5. Requires absence of oxygen
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
Metronidazole
Rickettsia - legionella - chlamydia (lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
anaerobic
6. What diseases can EBV cause and What is the route of transmission
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7. The host cell's plasma membrane
Infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's lymphoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - respiratory secretions - saliva
Salpingitis
arrangements of bacteria
envelope is composed of...
8. produces tetanospas an exotoxin causing tetanus
C tetani
histoplasmosis
ABC
Yersinia pestis
9. What can cause food poisoning in reheated meat dishes
Pneumocystis jerovici
Anaerobes
C. perfringens
oral yeast infections =
10. Which kind of viral vaccine requires a booster
PCR/Viral load
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
Only borrelia
Killed/inactivated
11. tissue nematode causing granulomas (blindness if in the retina) and visceral larva migrans - org - transmission - tx
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Toxocara canis - food contaminated with eggs - diethylcarbamazine
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
12. Nucleic acid is injected into host cell from the capsid through tail sheath - penetrating host cell membrane by contraction of tail (similar to a syringe)
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Antigen found on the surface on HBV - indicates hepatitis B infection
All except coxiella are via arthropod
penetration (B)
13. What does group B strep cause
endospores are formed via
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
Pneumocystis jerovici
14. Glycocalyx - flagella - fimbriae - pili - cell wall
hyperthermophiles
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
structures of prokaryotic cell
15. Some algae
plant kingdom
HSV - skin or mucous membrance contact
Lancet shaped - encapsulate - IgA protease
pasteurization
16. What animals carry rabies virus
humans do not have
Meningococci
Bat - racoon - skunk
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
17. What does gp41 do
malaria symptoms
Fusion and entry
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
18. How is legionella detected clinically
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Antigen in urine
Severe bacteremia - death
Inhalation of spores from contaminated wool
19. Toxic effect with oysters and mollusks
red tide
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
Edema factor - part of the toxin complex - is an adenylate cyclase
Enterococci (E. faecalis - E. faecium) nl colonic flora - pen G resistant - cause UTI and subacute endocarditis
20. Simple - special - and differential
Actinomyces isreallii
endocytosis...
staining of bacteria
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
21. What bug grows on sabouraud's agar
endospores are formed via
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
Fungi
botulism
22. Protein synthesis
Cholesterol
eukaryotic organelles (5)
ribosomes - function
Metronidazole
23. Plasmodium (4 different species) - transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquito - organism is on a biology clock (multiple of 24 hours)
malaria
Common cold and SARS
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
24. What are the two forms for chlamydiae
Pneumocystis jerovici
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
simple staining of bacteria
Borrelia - leptospira - treponema
25. What species producing watery diarrhea produce St and LT toxins - and is the main cause of travelers diarrhea
60%; viruses
Bat - racoon - skunk
Entertoxigenic E. coli
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
26. What are agryll roberston pupils
Neuraminidase
Avain resevoir
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Accommodate but does not react - associated with tertiary syphillis
27. What bacteria requires acid fast stain to visualize
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes
Mycobacterium
S. pneumo - H. flu type b - Neisseira - SHiN - IgA protease cleaves IgA
28. What is the TX for mycoplasma pneumonia
endoplasmic reticulum - definition
Protozoan - STD
Tetracycline or erythromycin
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
29. What diseases can HHV-8 cause and What is the route of transmission
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30. What is the fxn and chemical composition of the bacterial capsule
Histoplasmosis
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
Paragonimus westermani
Protects against phagocytosis - polysaccharide (except for B. anthracis which contains D- glutamate)
31. Why is there no vaccine for gonococci
Vulvuvaginitis
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Aerosal - from environmental water source
32. What two toxins does C. diff produce andw What do they do
Toxin A - enterotoxin binds to brush border of the gut - Toxin B - cytotoxin - destroys the cytoskeletal structure of enterocytes - causing pseudomembranous colitis
Clostridium - cornybacterium - bacillus - listeria - mycobacterium (acid fast)
Clostridia
Lower lobe
33. Lyme dz - ixodes tick that lives on deer and micd
Enterobacter cloacae
Borrelia burgdorferi
Actinomyces isreallii
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
34. What is the presentation of ETEC and What is the mechanism of the toxin
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35. branching rods in oral infection - sulfur granules
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
Pyelonephritis - fever - chills flank pain - CVA tenderness - hematuria and WBC casts
Papilloma - polyoma - hepadnavirus
Actinomyces
36. Segment of DNA that can jump from one location to another - can transfer genes from plasmid to chromosome and vice versa
Group B strep - E. coli
Transposition - some flanking genes can be gained and lost - and transferred in conjugation
Neisseria
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
37. In the bacterial growth curve - what happens in the stationary phase
replication for eukaryotes
Enterobacter cloacae
Influenza virus - parainfluenza virus - RSV - measles virus - mumps virus - rubella virus - rabies virus - HTLV - HIV
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
38. What are the lab findings of pseudomonas
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
Diaper rash - endocarditis in IVDU - disseminated candidiasis - chronic mucocutanous candidiasis
ASO titer
39. Require intracellular parasite/has to be within a host cell to replicate (prokaryotic); causes trachoma (most common infectious cause of blindness in the world)
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
chlamydia
Ceftriaxone - rifampin for close contacts
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
40. Clusters
trichomoniasis symptoms
Ten times - shorter urethrase colonized by fecal flora - obstruction - kidney surgery - catheterization - GU malformation - diabetes pregnancy
arrangements - staphylo
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
41. A waxy substance that retains carbolfuchsin
mycolic acid - definition
N. gono causing gono
Negative
Pharyngitis - cellulitis - impetigo
42. What is the fever cycle for p. vivax/ovale
H flu type B
Cycles occur every other day: dormant form in liver
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
facultative
43. Problem with food preservation - canning
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
A second - different antigenic determinant of the HBV core - HBeAg indicates active viral replication and therefor high transmissability
botulism
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
44. bilateral bells palsy
gram- negative cell wall
Borrelia burgdorferi
Measles
HSV - skin or mucous membrance contact
45. Locomotion by rotation of basal body
flagella - function
S. aureus
C. perfringens
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
46. This fungi forms broad based buds - causes inflammatory lung diease and can disseminate to skin and bone - forms granulomatous nodules - Where is endemic
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
genus
A lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrance of gram neg bacteria
CMV - RSV
47. What viruses make up the arena virus family
Salmonella
Immunity and hypersensitivity - tuberculin positive
LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus - Lassa fever encephalitis - spread by mice
Promote T cell activation and subsequent class switching - alone only IgM antibodies would be produced
48. Bacteria uses alcohol and produce acetic acid and turns it to vinegar
how wine is spoiled
Subcutenous plaques - polyarthritis - erythema marginatum - chorea - carditis - no 'rheum' for SPECCulation
Guillain barre
Bat - racoon - skunk
49. Fever and chills
S. aureus
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
malaria symptoms
50. How are rickettsiae transmitted
Plasma membrane - exceptions are herpesvirus which acquire from nuclear membrane
fermentation - definition
All except coxiella are via arthropod
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
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