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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where do HSV2 cells remain latent
Sacral ganglia
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
microaerophilic
2. What is the source of pseudomonas and What does virulence factors does it have
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
candidiasis
five kingdoms of microorganisms
Salpingitis
3. Will show size and arrangement
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
simple staining of bacteria
4. liver cysts - parasite
JC - progressive mutlifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV
rickettsia
Echinococcus granulosus
Fever diarrhea - headache - rose spots on abdomen
5. What does gonococi cause
Reactivation HSV - cyrptosporidious - isospora - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - pneumocystis PNA
L1 - L2 - L3
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
Salmonella typhi
6. What disease can HSV 2 cause and What is the route of transmission
Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - sexual contact - perinatal
Pen G and vanc - may be sens to ampicillin
Protein synthesis - 30S and 50S subunits
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
7. intestinal nematode causing anal pruritis - scotch tape test - org - transmission - tx
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
capsid - definition
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
Pseudomonas
8. intestinal nematode causing inflammation of muscle - periorbital edema - org - transmission - dx - tx
Heat labile toxin that inhibits ACH release from NMJ causing a flaccid paralysis
Trichinella spiralis - undercooked meat usually pork - larvae encyst in muscle - bendazoles
Salk/sabin - IPV/OPV respectively
Protein synthesis - 30S and 50S subunits
9. what dpes gp120 do
Attachment to host T cell
Rotavirus - dsRNA reovirus - villous destruction with atrophy leads to dec absorption of Na and H2O - day care centers and kindegartnes
Dracunculus medinensis - in drinking water - niridazole
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
10. yogurt - bread (yeast) - cheese - beer and wine - sauerkraut
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
Mice - deer
food industry
11. Dilated cardiomyopathy - megacolon - megaesophagus in south america - dz - organism - transmission - dx and tx
five kingdoms of microorganisms
Chagas dz - trypanosoma cruzi - reduviid bug - blood smear - nifurtimox
Parvo - single stranded
how many degrees celsius for mold?
12. Unimmunized child with a rash beginning at his head and moving down with postauricular lymphadenopathy
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
No - erythromycin
Rubella
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
13. pruritic lesions with central clearing resembling ring - dz and organism
Malignant otitis externa
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
14. Study of viruses
Neurologica like bell's palsy and cardiac AV block
virology
Paramyxovirus; measles
EBV
15. What is the nl flora of the colon
specific
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
Pregnant women
H. flu
16. All living things are composed of cells
structures of an eukaryotic cell (5)
Cryptococcal meningitis - cryptococcosis - soap bibble lesions in brain
All of them
Cell Theory
17. What are the AST/ALT relationships in viral hepatitis vs alcoholic hepatitis
Caused by bacteria Rickettsia prowazekki - rickettsia typhi - rickettsia tsutsugamushi
ALT > AST in viral - AST > ALT in EtOH
microbiology
not acid- fast - colo
18. Protects the nucleic acid - gives virus its shape - contains the receptor sites for host cell in non - enveloped virus
capsid - function
Heat labile toxin
Nematode in undercooked meat
Mononuclear cells
19. health care provider
histoplasmosis
15-20 - atypical lymphocytes
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
HBV from needle stick
20. What are the findings for pressure - cell type - protein and sugar in the CSF with a bacterial meningitis
Inc - inc PMNs - inc - dec
five fields of microbiology
Broad based ataxia - positive ataxia - charcot joint - stroke without HTN
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
21. mycobacterium causing disseminated disease in AIDS - resistant to multiple drugs - cannot be grown in vitro
M. avium intracellulare
ADP- R AB toxin: inc cAMP by inhibiting Galpha1 - causes whooping cough - inhibits chemokine receptor - causing lymphocytosis
Trichomonas - sexual - motile trophozoites on wet mount - metronidazole
Have flagella - disseminate hematogenously - produce H2S - symptoms can be prolonged with Abx - typically a monocytic response
22. How many segments in influenza virus and to what family does it belong
8 - orthomyoxovirus
Mobiluncus - an anaerobe
Teichoic acid
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
23. Hypothesis that living organisms arise from preexisting life (what we know is true)
Louis Pasteur
biogenesis
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
viruses
24. What is the TX for pseudomonas
Catalase pos organisms - remove H2O2 leading to infection - staph
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
Entamoeba histolytica
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
25. Erythematous - sandpaper - like rahs with fever and sore throat - agent and dz
Lactose fermenting enterics
D- K
Mediates adherence to surfaces - especially foreign surfaces like indwelling catheters; polysaccharide
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
26. What happens in stage 2 of lyme disease
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27. How do shigella propel themselves without flagella
Only borrelia
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
Chronic disease - positive during window period
Actic polymerization
28. Diplo - staphylo - strepto
Proteus - klebsiella - H. pylori - ureaplasma - particular kinds have urease
arrangements of bacteria
More virulent - 10^1 vs 10^5 organisms
Actinomyces israeli
29. PNA in elderly
Envelope proteins
S. pneumo - Influenza virus - anaerobies - H flu - GNR
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
30. biliary tract disease - cholangiocarcinoma - parasite
Schistosoma mansori
Clindamycin or ampicillin
polyhedral shape - defintion
Clonorchis sinensis
31. Cell is in a hypertonic solution and cytoplasm shrinks
arrangements of bacteria
plasmolysis
malaria
Aminoglycoside plus extended spectrum pen (pipercillin - ticarcillin)
32. Site of protein synthesis; some are free in cytoplasm - others are bound to the rough ER
Pets - treat with topical azoles
ribosomes - function
Aminoglycosides - require O2 to enter bacterial cell - nl found in GI tract
eukaryotic organelles - definition
33. superficial neoplastic proliferation of vasculature in HIV pos pt where biopsy reveals lymphocytic inflammation
HHV-8 - KS
HSV1 and 2 - VZV - CMV - EBV
endospores
Gardnerella vaginalis
34. Prevents contraction of muscles
Tellurite agar
flaccid paralysis
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
Macrophages - complement pathway and hageman factor
35. A natural antiviral protein produced during viral infection which stops replication of virus
interferon
five nutritional adaptations of fungi compared to bacteria
Bacillus anthracis
Streptococcus - staphylococus
36. What toxin does clostridium perfringens have and What does it do
Legionella
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
nucleic acid
Alpha toxin - a lecithinase that acta s a phospholipase to cleave cell membranes and causes a gas gangrene
37. Are there carriers for HDV
bacteria domain
Profuse rice water diarrhea via toxin that permantnely activates Gs inc cAMP
Yes
Metabolic activity without division
38. Entamoeba histolytica - spread to humans through contaminated food or water - feeds on tissue in the gastrointestinal tract
amoebic dynsentry
Prolonged nutrient depletion and buildup of waste products leads to death
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
Diphyllobothrium latum
39. Is pneumocystis a fungus or a protazoan
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
Yeast - protazoan
Meningococci
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
40. Spirillum - vibrio - spirochete
spiral
archaea domain
Salmonella
N. meningitidis - enterovirus - s pneumo - HSV
41. What surface protein do all paramyxoviruses contain and What does it cause
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
flagella - description
chlamydia
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
42. Which bacteria are beta hemolytic
Pos leukocyte esterase test = bacterial UTI - pos nitrate test = gram neg bacterial UTI - except S. saprophyticus
Nutrient depletion slows growth - spore formation in some bacteria
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - tropheryma whippelii
43. Trichamonas vaginalis - tricky Ts
Enterovirus esp coxsackievirus - HSV - HIV - West Nile virus - VZV
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Protozoan - STD
replication (AV)
44. What are the 3 C's for measles
Smallpox - although eradicated - could be used in germ warfare Vaccinia - cowpox 'milkmaid's blisters' Molluscum contagiosum - flesh colored dome lesions with central dimple
Cough - coryza - conjunctivitis
Headache - fever - rash (vasculitis) - obligate intracellular that need CoA and NAD+
pasteurization
45. In the chlamydiae replication cycle - what undergoes binary fission and where
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Reticulte body - in cytoplast of host
Parvo - single stranded
endospores
46. No metabolic activity
Yellow fever - dengue - st. louis encephalitis - west nile virus - HCV not
dormant
IgG Anti - HBcAg
SNAP - sulfa for nocardia and actinomyces get pen
47. What sugars do the various neisseria bacteria ferment and what enzyme do they both produce
Lepromatous
MeninGococci - maltose and glucose - Gonococci - only glucose - both produce IgA protease
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
gram- negative cell wall
48. What are the symptoms of diptheria
Strep bovis - also group D
Cholesterol
Pseudomembranous (grey- white membrane) pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
Complementationthis occurs with simultaneous infection of a cell with 2 viruses - genome of virus A can be partially or completely coated forming a pseudovirion with the surface protein of of virus B
49. Circular and haploid - only one per cell - no nucleus
release (B)
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
Tinea versicolor - malassezia furfur
chromosome - description
50. Locomotion (wavelike motion)
flagella - function
Candida and aspergillus
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone