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Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Which nematodes are ingested
Degradation of lipids produces acids that damage melancytes and cause hypopigmented and or hyperpigmented patches - occurs in hot humid weather
Trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
2. Aerobic - anaerobic - facultative - microaerophilic
oxygen requirements of bacteria
Shingles from VZV - kaposi sarcoma from HHV-8
Lower lobe
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
3. Many sided; most common is icosahedron
polyhedral shape - defintion
spiral - spirillum
gram- negative stain - explanation
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
4. African sleeping sickness: enlarged lymph nodes - recurring fever - organism - transmission - dx - tx
Strep pneumo - klebesiella - H flu type b - N. meningititides - salmonella - group B strep
Nocardia asteroides
Trypanosoma bruceii - tsetse fly (painful bite) - blood smear - suramin for blood borne - melarsoprol for CNS infxn
Ingestion of preformed toxin
5. Acetone - alcohol - antibiotics
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
HBC - hepatitis B
chemical synthesis...
Thursh - HSV - CMV - oral hairy leukoplakia from EBV
6. How is HBV transmitted primarily and how long is the incubation period for
Parenteral - sexual - maternal fecal routes - 3 months
Dipicolinic acid
Pseudomonas
botulism
7. meningitis in >60
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
Glycogen - mucopolysaccharides
Virbrio cholera
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
8. What are the best serologic markers to detect for active Hep A
Taenia solium - ingestion of larvae encysted in undercooked pork - praziquantel
S. pneumo - klebsiella - staph
Anti - HAVAb IgM
Borrelia burgdorferi
9. Recurrent fever from variable surface antigen - transmitted by louse
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
Borrelia recurrentis
Mycobacterium
Starts quickly and ends quickly
10. What does gonococi cause
Gonorrhea - septic arthritis - neonatal conjunctivitis - PID - fitz - hugh curtis
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Skin infections - organ abscesses - pneumonia
11. What is the course of illness with food poisoning from S. aurues and B. cereus
Starts quickly and ends quickly
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
B cells
12. Trichomonas
Strongyloides stercoralis - larvae penetrate skin - bendazoles or ivermectin
flagella
Reoviridae - rotavirus
Fimbriae - cystitis and pyelonephritis; K capsule - pneumonia - neonatal meningitis - LPS endotoxin - septic shock
13. What is HBcAg
arrangements - staphylo
Antigen associated with core of HBV
Parvovirus B19 and erythema infectiosum
Strep pneumo - n. meningiditis - h flu type b - enterovirus
14. Fungal infections can be hard to get rid of because
Febrile pharyingitis - acute hemorrhagic cystitis - pneumonia - conjunctivitis (watery)
Diploid - retroviruses - 2 ssRNA molecules - all others are haploid
Dapsone - hemolysis and methemoglobinemia or rifampin and combination clofazimine + dapsone
they are eukaryotes
15. Describe the rabies virus
Calicivirus - picornavirus - reovirus - parvovirus - adenovirus - papilloma - polyoma
Oral and esophageal thrush
Bacteroides fragilis > E. coli
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
16. What species causing watery diarrhea is comma shaped organism producing a rice water diarrhea
Dysentery from shiga like toxin - O157:H7 is common serotype - produces HUS
Virbrio cholera
protozoan infections (5)
Vagina
17. In which population does most osteomyelitis occur
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
Children
C. perfringens
five kingdoms of microorganisms
18. 1745 - Believed microorganisms could develop spontaneously
Nucleus - except parvovirus
Sexual activity - but not an STI
No cell wall
John Needham
19. What stain shows legionella
HHV-6 roseola
microbiology
Silver stain
Schistosoma - snail - cercariae penetrate skin of humans - praziquantrl
20. CO2 concentration and temperature
virology
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
Flagellum - pilus - capsule - peptidoglycan - cytoplasmic membrane
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
21. What doe HBV and HCV infxn predispose to...
Active hepatitis - cirrhosis and HCC
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
No cell wall
Meningococci
22. What HIV parameter allows providers to monitor effect of durg therapy
Salmonella
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
All except coxiella are via arthropod
PCR/Viral load
23. Requires absence of oxygen
Mild flulike symptoms with legionella
double- stranded DNA
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
anaerobic
24. Rod- shaped
bacillus
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
Paramyxovirus; measles
Killed/inactivated
25. What are the lab findings of pseudomonas
Aerobic gram pos rod - non lactose fermenting - oxidase pos - blue - green pigment - grapelike odor
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
Wuchereria bancrofti - femile mosquito - 9 months to 1 year after bite to develop symptoms - diethylcarbmazine
malaria prevention
26. What are the sites for extrapulmonary TB
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27. ulcers - lymphadenopathy - rectal strictures - org and dz
C. trachomatis (L1- L3) - lymphgranuloma venereum
Surfers in the tropics
All of them
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
28. Repeating disaccharide: NAG and NAM
Sporothrix schenckii
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
what peptidoglycan is composed of
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
29. What are the symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Endothelium swells and narrows lumen - leading to mechanical hemolysis and reduced renal blood flow - damaged endothelium consumes platelets
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast
icosahedron
30. How do rabies virus reach the CNS
Travels retrograde fashion up nerve axons
arrangements - strepto...
Reoviridae - rotavirus
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
31. Which bacteria make catalase and which do not
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32. What is a positive Monospot test
M. avium intracellulare
vaginal yeast infections can be caused by this
acid- fast - color
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
33. What is the resevoir for chlamydiae psittaci
Avain resevoir
S. aureus
Coxsackie A - rocky mountain spotted fever and syphillis (CARS)
B. cereus
34. What are the laboratory findings for H Flu
Pseudomonas
Crohns or appendicitis
motility of bacteria
Gram neg coccobacillary rods - cultured on chocolate agar with factors V and X NAD+ and hematin OR with S. aureus
35. What organism causes syphillis and what happens in primary syphillis
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
red tide
lysozyme
Pets - treat with topical azoles
36. Hyperalimentation is a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Protozoan - a TORCH infection
Yersinia pestis
Candida albicans
37. Mycology - bacteriology - virology - algology - protozoology
five fields of microbiology
Bordetella pertussis
Clostridium perfringens
rickettsia
38. What is the presentation of EIEC and What is the mechanism of the toxin
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
Entamoeba histolytica
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
Adenovirus - papilloviruses - parvovirus
39. intestinal nematode causing anal pruritis - scotch tape test - org - transmission - tx
Cryptococcus neoformans
animal kingdom
Koch's Postulates 2
Enterobius verniculum (pinworm - nematode) - food contaminated with eggs - bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate
40. What neisseria is there a vaccine for
Meningococci
Shigella
Klebsiella
interferon
41. A semipermeable phospholipid bilayer containing proteins - carbohydrates - and sterols
Cool temps - infects skin and superficial nerves - armadillos
cell membrane - definition
Parvoviridae
Lower lobe
42. What is the only bacterium with a polypeptide capsule and and What does it cause
actinomycetes (3) - description
B anthracis - anthrax - cutaneous is black eschar ulcer (painless) can progress to bacteremia or death - pulmonary anthrax is inhalation of spores producing flu - like sx that rapidly progress to fever pulmonary hemorrhage - mediastinitis and shock
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
oxygen requirements of bacteria
43. PNA in CF
E. coli - proteus
Pseudomonas
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
44. exchange o- f genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over within regions of significant base sequence homology
Gram pos rods with metachromatic (blue and red) granules
Leptospira interrogans - flulike symptoms - fever - HA - abdominal pain - jaundice - and photophobia with conjuctivitis
Recombination
pseudopodia
45. Where are strep viridans normal flora and What do they cause
Theory of Biogenesis
species
mycoplasma (5) - description
Nl flora in oropharynx - cause dental carries (mutans) - subacute bacterial endocarditis (sanguis)
46. Will show size and arrangement
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
simple staining of bacteria
Papilloma - polyoma (circular - supercoiled) and hepadna (circular incomplete)
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
47. 1765 - experiment - Nutrient broth placed in flask - sealed - then heated => no microbial growth
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
malaria
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Smallpox - yellow fever - VZV - Sabin's polio virus - MMR
48. What is the fxn and chemical composition of peptidoglycan
Saprohyticus resistant - epidermidis is sensitive - NO StRES
Gummas (chronic granulomas) - aortitis (vasa vasorum destruction) neurosyphillis (tabes dorsalis) - argyll robertson pupils
Gives rigid support - protects against osmotic pressure - sugar backbone with cross linked peptide side chains
Group B strep - E. coli - listeria
49. TB like dz in HIV pos pt with CD4 < 50
Reovirus - colorado tick fever - rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children
Campylobacter
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
Beta hemolytic
50. Non - hodgkin lymphoma large cell type often in oropharynx (waldeyer's ring) of HIV pos pt
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
protozoa (3)
EBV
pseudopodia