SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the findings for pressure - cell type - protein and sugar in the CSF with a fungal/TB meningitis
Chlamydia trachomatis
Inc - inc lymphos - inc - dec
Clostridium botulinum
Resistant to destruction by heat or chemicals - need to autoclave to kill by steaming at 121C for 15 minutes
2. Nucleic acid is replicated; capsids and tails are made
Severe bacteremia - death
Mycoplasma - have sterols
replication (B)
histoplasmosis
3. What kind of exotoxin does C. tetani have and What does it do
infection process of animal viruses (6)
John Needham - experiment
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
there can be a ___ stage and a ___ stage within the same genus and species
4. What bugs are the facultative intracellular
Recombination
protozoa means of locomotion (3)
Salmonella - neisseria - brucella - mycobacterium - listeria - francisella - legionella
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
5. What are the sites for extrapulmonary TB
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
6. Chemical synthesis and food industry
genus
commercial applications
Red spots with blue/white center on buccal mucosa - rash presents last - spreads from head to toe and includes hands and feet (vs. truncal rash in rubella)
virus example
7. 20 triangular faces and 12 corners
Herpesvirus; chickenpox and zoster
icosahedron
replication for eukaryotes
Often secondary to Abx use - diagnosed by detection of one or both toxins in the stool
8. What diseases can HHV-6 cause and What is the route of transmission
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
Comma shaped - oxidase positive - grows in alkaline media
Fungi
9. Rupturing of cell
Rash on palms and soles migrating to wrists - ankles and then trunk - headach fever - endemic to east coast
C. perfringens
lysis
what envelope contains
10. Many sided; most common is icosahedron
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
polyhedral shape - defintion
Strep bovis - also group D
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
11. Which are the segmented viruses and what feature do they all share
bacteria domain
RNA viruses - BOAR = Bunyavirus - Orthomyxovirus - Arenaviruses - Reoviruses
Comma shaped - s - shaped - oxidase positive - grows at 42 C
Rickettsiae - chlamydia (Giemsa)
12. Which form of Hansens disease is lethal
S. pneumo - H. flu - Anaerobes - viruses - mycoplasma
Lepromatous
medical important mycobacteria
Darkfield microscopy and fluoresecent
13. What are the obligate anaerobes and What do they lack (and hence suscpetible to)
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
fermentation - definition
how do viruses take over a host cell?
Clostridium - bacteroides - actinomyces - lack catalse and superoxide dismutase and susceptible to oxidative damage
14. Bacteriophage
Clostridium perfringens
Heavily encapsulate yeast - not dimorphic culture on saboouraud's agar - india ink stain - found in soil pigeon droppings - latex agglutination test detects polysaccharide capsular antigen
Meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia - sinusitis OR - Most Optichin Sensitive
complex virus example
15. Allows attachment of bacteria to surfaces
HIV - sexual
Traveler's diarrhea - labile toxin/stable toxin - no inflammatino or invasion
fimbriae - function
Can't make their own ATP - cause mucosal infections
16. When is H flu vaccine give
Between 2 and 18 months
Rickettsia and chlamydia - can't make out ATP
Motility - protein
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
17. which mycobacterium is also pulmonary with TB- like symptoms and not M. tuberculosis
M. kansasii
Klebsiella granulomatis
Parainfluenza - croup - RSV - bronchiloitis in babies - Rx - ribavirin - Rubeola (Measles) Mumps
DNA hepadnavirus
18. What is the difference in route of infection of botulism in adults vs babies
Ebolo/marburg - hemorrhagic fever - often fatal
Ehrlichia: no rash - granulocytes with berry cluster organisms
Cryptococcus neoformans
Adults - preformed toxin - babies - ingestion of spores in honey
19. Respiratory therapy equipment is risk factor For what nosocomial infection
Bullet shaped capsid - long incubation period before sx onset
Schistosoma mansori
Aerosal - from environmental water source
Pseudomonas
20. Minor changes based on random mutation
Bacterial superinfection
Genetic drift - epidemic
Mold with irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
amoebic dynsentry
21. This cause of UTI is often nosocomial and drug resistant
Black necrosis surrounded by edematous ring - caused by letha factor and edema factor
Water source - endotoxin causing fever and shock - exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
Enterobacter cloacae
John Needham - experiment
22. Where do EBV cells remain latent
B cells
Echinococcus granulosus
Genetic drift - epidemic
Toxoplasmosis
23. What is a positive Monospot test
Genetic shift - pandemic
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
ribosomes (eukaryotic) - size
Dark field microscopy
24. In which population does most osteomyelitis occur
Children
S - definition
Legionella
Sterility
25. Rodent viruses (not very common)
CMV
gas gangrene
Serratia marcescens
single- stranded DNA
26. Obligate intracellular parasites - most can infect cells of only one host species
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
Borrelia burgdorferi
Staph saprophyticus
viruses
27. Which bacteria is an important cause of subacute endocarditis and bacteremia in colon cancer patients
Loa loa - deer/horse/mango fly - diethylcarbamazine
Pneumonia - meningitis - sepsis in babies
Strep bovis - also group D
Avain resevoir
28. Ringworm - athlete's food - jock itch
five kingdoms of microorganisms
some fungi produce ______ that are toxic to humans
fungal infection examples (3)
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
29. branching rods in oral infection - sulfur granules
Actinomyces
chlamydia
fermentation - definition
Humoral and cell mediate - can revert to virulence
30. Virus is engulfed by host cell
Lymph nodes
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
endocytosis...
Entamoeba his - cysts in water - serology/trophozoites or cysts in stool/RBC in cytoplasm of entamoeba - metronidazole and iodquinol
31. What is the resevoir of salmonella
Sexual activity - but not an STI
Koch's Postulates 1
Animal - except typhi - only in humans
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
32. What is the presentation of EIEC and What is the mechanism of the toxin
John Needham - experiment
TMP- SMX - pentamidine - dapsone - start proph when CD4 drops below 200
Mycoplasma - legionella - chlamydia
Invasive - dysentary - shiga like toxin; microbe invades mucosa and toxin causes necrosis and inflammation
33. What does c perfringens produce and What does it do
Mumps virus - mumps
Coxsackie A - hand - foot - mouth dz
Lymph nodes
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) that can cause myonecrosis (gas gangrene) and hemolysis
34. What toxigenic infections does s pyogenes cause
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - praziquantal
differential staining example
Scarlet fever - toxic shock - like syndrome
35. Virus that infects bacteria
Clue cells - or vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria visible under the microscope
Treponema - 2ndary syphillis
bacteriophage - definition
Cryptosporidium
36. What can cause food poisoning in reheated rice
B. cereus
Epiglottitis H flu type B
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
Toxoid vaccine
37. How does mucomycosis present clinically
Mostly in DKA pts and leukemic pts - rhinocerebral - frontal lobe abscesses - HA - facial pain - black necrotic eschar on face - cranial nerve involvement
Teichoic acid
cilia
CMV
38. PNA in children 4wks to 18yrs
RSV - mycoplasma - chlamydia pneumo - strep pneumo -
Strep bovis - also group D
replication for prokaryotes
Mononuclear cells
39. What organisms do Giemsa stain pick up
Koch's Postulates 3
gram- positive stain - explanation
Lepromatous - diffusely over skin and is communicalbe (immunoCised) tuberculoid limited to a few hypoesthetic skin nodules (immunoCtent
Borrelia - plasmodium - tryapanosomes - chlamydia
40. Substance inside the plasma membrane (80% water)
cytoplasm - definition
S pneumo - GNR - listeria
aerobic
Rickettsiae starts on hands and feet - typhus starts centrally and spreads outwards without involving palms or soles
41. Acetone - alcohol - antibiotics
Campylobacter
chemical synthesis...
double- stranded DNA
Pasteurella multocida
42. Came up with the Endosymbiotic Theory
Rapid antigenic variation of pilus proteins
fermentation - definition
E. Coli
Lynn Margulis - gen. information
43. Bats can carry _____ - but birds do not
histoplasmosis
Eastern equine virus - wesetern equine virus - rubella not
Metronidazole
Francisella tularenis
44. What organism causes syphillis and what happens in primary syphillis
Louis Pasteur - experiment
ribosomes - function
protista kingdom
Treponema palladium - painless chancre
45. This fungi forms broad based buds - causes inflammatory lung diease and can disseminate to skin and bone - forms granulomatous nodules - Where is endemic
S. pyogenes - hemolysin antigen for ASO antibody Which is used in the dx of rheumatic fever
Blastomycosis - states east of mississippi river and central america
Staph epi - normal skin flora - contaminates blood cultures
10 to 12
46. What HIV parameter allows providers to monitor effect of durg therapy
PCR/Viral load
CAMP factor enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S. aureus
Chlamydia trachomatis
Acid fast organisms
47. What is the treatment for rickettsiae
Lactose fermeting enterics - citrobacter - klebsiella - E. coli - enterobacter - serratia
IVDU
Doxycycline
Rabies - influenza - salk polio - HAV
48. What are the neg strand RNA viruses
Arenaviruses - bunyaviruses - paramyxoviruses - orthomyxoviruses - filoviruses - rhabdoviruses - Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Koch's Postulates 3
Staph - enteric GNR - fungi - viruses - pneumocystis in HIV
49. Are there carriers for HDV
Fungi (pneumocystis) - legionella
Yes
Candida
Enterotoxins - TSST-1 - exfoliatin which causes scalded skin syndrome
50. What are the ToRCHeS infxns and What are the nonspecific signs common to ToRCHeS infxns
Diarrhea in children - no toxin - adheres to apical surface - flattens villi - prevents absorption
yeast and mold stages can be dependent on _____ or ______
Tropheryma whippelii (whipple's dz)
Microbes that may pass from mother to fetus - hepatosplenomegaly - jaundice - thrombocytopenia - growth retardation