SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Microbiology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
engineering
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Which bacteria have no cell wall
adsorption (AV)
Anti - HBsAb
Tinea pedis - cruris - corporis - capitis - dermatophytes: microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton
Mycoplasma - have sterols
2. Which nematodes are ingested
Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1) - scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin) - rapid onste fod poisoning (enterotoxin
Actinomyces israeli
H. flu type B - meningococcal vaccines
Enterobius - ascaris - trichinella
3. Strict anaerobes that produce methane from CO2 and H
Bat - racoon - skunk
methanogens
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
eukaryotes
4. Urinary catheterization is a risk factor For what nosocomial infection
E. coli - proteus
S. aureus - Strep pyogenes - group B strep - listeria monocytogenes
M. tuberculosis
Sporothrix schenckii
5. meningitis in HIV pos patient with india ink stain revealing yeast with narrow based budding and large capsule
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 2
Cryptococcus neoformans - also encephalitis
IVDU
HBV (antigen = recombinant HBsAg) HPV (6 - 11 -16 -18)
6. What bugs are obligate aerobes
Double zone of hemolysis
Nocardia - pseudomonas - m. tuberculosis - bacillus - nagging pests must breathe
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
Onchocerca volvulus - female blackfies - ivermectin
7. What kind of result is expected from the Weill Felix test in Q fever
replication (AV)
Pneumocystis jerovici
pili - function
Negative
8. What is seen on with the dermatophytes with KOH prep
Louis Pasteur - experiment
Mold hyphae - not dimorphic
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
9. What is a positive Monospot test
Heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs
yeast
Toxo crosses the placenta
Candidal esophagitis - toxoplasmosis - histoplasmosis
10. What is the resevoir for chlamydiae psittaci
Strep pneumo and viridans
Cell Theory
Avain resevoir
Dimorphic: yeast with pseudohyphae in culture at 20C - germ tube formation at 37C (diagnostic)
11. Bugs in hospital acquired PNA
Anaerobes
cell membrane - definition
Staph or enteric GNR
biggest danger of toxplasmosis
12. Toxic effect with oysters and mollusks
flagella - description
Icterohemorrhagic leptospriosis - sever form with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfxn - ; fever hemorrhage and anemia
helical shape - definition
red tide
13. gram pos - spore forming - obligate anaerobes
EBV
Clostridia
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
14. What are the serum markers of Chronic hep B with low infectivity
Superantigen that binds MHCH II and T cell receptor resulting in poly colonal T cell activation
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
HBsAg - anti - HBeAb - anti - HBcAb IgG
Beta hemolytic
15. Where can salmonella typhi remain chronically
Gallbladder
Cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
Aerosal - from environmental water source
Fibrocaseous cavitary lesion in upper lobe
16. Bacteriophage
complex virus example
Anti - HBsAb
Nl/inc - inc lymphos - nl - inc - nl
Pseudomonas
17. What are the positive stranded RNA viruses
Strep pyogenes and scarlet fever
Retrovirus - togavirus - flavivirus - coronavirus - hepevirus - calicivirus - picornavirus
methanogens
virus example
18. The host cell's plasma membrane
bacteriophage - definition
capsid - function
envelope is composed of...
Gram neg rod - urease pos - creates alk envrionment
19. What is the H flu vaccine
Type B capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diptheria toxoid or other protein
S. pneumo - Influenza virus - anaerobies - H flu - GNR
Shiga like toxin - botulinum toxin - cholera toxin - diptheria toxin - erythrogenic toxin of s. pyogenes
Interstitial pneumonia - AIDS - diffuse bilateral CXR appearance - dx by lung biopsy or lavage - ID- ed by methanamine silver stain of lung tissue
20. This bacteria causes gastritis and up to 90% of duodenal ulcers - risk factor for peptic ulcer - gastric adenocarcinoma - lymphoma
Group B strep
H. pylori
RNA flavivirus - transmitted primarily via blood and resembles HBV in its course and severity
E. Coli produces beta galactosidase
21. This bacteria is usually transmitted from pet feces - contaminated milk or pork - What does it cause
Cryptosporidium - cysts in water - cysts on acid - fast stain - prevention (clean water) no tx
Acid fast organisms
Yersinia - enterocolitica - diarrhea (in day care centers) - causes mesenteric adenitis
Mycolic acid - high lipid content
22. What is the presentation of ETEC and What is the mechanism of the toxin
23. What are the key features of systemic mycoses
Disseminated disease with constintutional symptoms including maculopapular rash on palms and soles - condylomata lata
Rapid cell division
Can cause pneumonia and disseminate - all are dimorphic fungi except coccidiodomycosis Which is a spherule in tissue - tx is fluconazole/ketoconazole for local and amphotericin B for systemic - can mimic TB except no person to person infxn
PCR/Viral load
24. pus - empyema - abcess
Salmonella
Surface protein - lipid bilayer - capsid - nucleic acid
S. pneumo - klebsiella - staph
S. aureus
25. Insects - parasitic worms - etc
Aerosal and causes pneumonia
spiral - spirillum
Metronidazole
animal kingdom
26. Dimorphic/biphasic
Cholesterol
what many pathogenic fungi are
glycocalyx - description
Have flagella - disseminate hematogenously - produce H2S - symptoms can be prolonged with Abx - typically a monocytic response
27. What does coxaskcievirus do
Tapeworm larvae (intestinal infection) in pork or eggs (neurocystircercosis) in food/water contaminated with human feces
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
Coccidiodiomycosis - southwestern US - CA - San Joaquin Valley valley fever - spherules
Oral and esophageal thrush
28. Which DNA virus does not replicate in the nucleus
how many degrees celsius for mold?
antibiotics
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
Pox - carries own DNA dependent RNA polymerase
29. What are the two forms for chlamydiae
HAV - RNA picornavirus
Rusty sputum - sepsis in sickle cell after splenectomy
Elementary body - small dense is infectious and enters via endocytosis -; reticulate body replicates in cell by fission - seen in tissue culture
Clostridia
30. What species causes bloody diarrhea - is lactose neg - and had flagellar motility
Surface F protein - causes respiratory epithelial cells to fus and form multinucleated cells
TB granulomas (Ghon focus + lobar and perihilary lymph node involvment) - primary infection or exposure
No cell wall
Salmonella
31. What does M protein do - who has it
Yes carriers - celullar RNA poly transcribes RNA from DNA template - reverse transcriptase transcribes DAN genome from RNA intermediate - virion enzyme is DNA dependent DNA poly
2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli
Prevents phagocytosis - group A strep
32. Same organism must be found in all cases of disease
33. What diseases can HHV-6 cause and What is the route of transmission
Roseola - high fevers for several days that can cause seizures - followed by a macular papular rash - not determined
candidiasis
KS from HHS-8 - invasive cervical caricoma from HPV - and primary CNS lymphoma - non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
HPV 6 and 11 - condylomata acuminata
34. What are the cause causes of meningitis in HIV
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
Staph or H. flu
Cryptococcus - CMV - toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) - JC virus (PML)
Echinococcus granulosus - ingested eggs in dogs feces - surgeons inject ethanol before removal to kill daughter cysts - bendazoles
35. In who do you see meningitis from h flu type b
replication for eukaryotes
interferon
Unimmunised kids
Brucella sp
36. What kind of virus and family are HBV
protozoan infections (5)
Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface;sex pilus forms attachment between 2 bacteria during conjugation - glycoprotein
pili - function
DNA hepadnavirus
37. Filled six jars with decaying meat; three covered jars => no maggots; three uncovered jars => maggots
Pasteurella multocida
Coded by beta prophage - inhibits synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF-2
protozoan infections (5)
Francesco Redi - experiment
38. What does listeria infection cause
Cleaves host cell rRNA (inactivates 60S ribosome) - also enhances cytokine release causing HUS - shigella and E. Coli 0157:H7
Burn wounds - nosocomial pneumonia - pneumonias in cystic fibrosis
yeast
In pregs - amnionitis - septicemia - spontaneous abortion - granulomatous infantiseptica - neonatal meningitis in neonates - immunoCised - meningitis - healthy people - mild gastroenteritis
39. What test is done with a smear of an openedskin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells and What is used for
Shigella
Taenia solium - ingestion of eggs - bendazole
Actinomyces
Tzanck test - assay for HSV1 - 2 and VZV
40. Diplo - staphylo - strepto
infection process of bacteriophage (5)
algology
arrangements of bacteria
Aspepti meningitis - herpangina (febrile pharyngitis) hand foot mouth dz - myocarditis
41. What does vibrio cholerae do to Gs
Clonorchis sinensis - undercooked fish - cholangiocarcinoma - praziquantel
Pseudomonas
Toxin permanently activates causing rice water diarrhea via induction of cAMP - turns the on on
Acute bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis
42. What is the pathophys of mucor
Infants with congenital defects like vesicoureteral reflux - elderly with enlarged prostates
Nystatin for superficial - ampho B for systemic
Cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giemsa stain or fluorescent antibody- stained smear
Fungi proliferate in blood vessel walls when there is excess ketone and glucose - penetrate cribiform plate - and enter
43. Pasteur's swan - shaped flask kept microbes out but let air in
ADP ribosylation of G protein stimulates adenylyl cyclase - inc Cl - secretion into gut and dec Na absorption - H20 into gut lumen - voluminous rice water diarrhea
Theory of Biogenesis
Dysuria - frequency - urgency - suprapubic pain - WBCs but not casts in urine
Gram neg rod - poor gram stain - use silver stain - grow on charcoal yeast extract with iron and cysteine
44. Thin peptidoglycan layer plus an outer membrane
gram- negative cell wall
Parotis - orchitis and aseptic meningitis
Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons infected with rabies virus; commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum
Togavirus - german 3 day measles
45. A molecule unique to bacteria that gives the cell strength to resist breakage
Polio - echo - rhino - coxsackie - HAV - enteroviruses = fecal oral; large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins - can cause aspetic meningitis (except rhino and HAV)
peptidoglycan - definition
necrosis
Tetracycline or erythromycin
46. What serum markers are present in Chronic Hep B with high infectivity
Antiphagocytic virulence factor
Reoviridae - rotavirus
HBsAg - HbeAg - and IgG Anti - HBcAg
exceptions to Koch's Postulates 1
47. What is the difference in mechanism between cholera - pertussis and E. coli with anthrax
Robert Koch
Tetanus toxin blocks the release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - causes lockjaw
The first 3 act via ADP ribosylation causing permenately activating adenylate cyclase - while anthrax edema factor is itself an adenylate cyclase causing an inc in cAMP
cilia - function
48. Basic shapes - arrangements - motility - staining - oxygen requirements
H flu
characteristics of bacteria (5)
Acute or chronic - vaccine is HBsAg - reverse transcriptase though not a retrovirus
arrangements of bacteria
49. What is S. aureus food poisoning due to...
histoplasmosis
Ingestion of preformed toxin
CMV retinitis
cell membrane - function
50. What must negative stranded viruses do and what must they bring with them to do it
Enterobius
HBV
Surface protein - matrix/core protein - lipid bilayer - nucleic acid and nucleocapsid protein
Transcribe negative strand to positive - RNA dependent RNA polymerase