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NCLEX Cardiac

Subjects : nclex, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Where should you place your stethescope to find the pulmonic valve?
Hematuria (tea or coca cola colored) - nosebleeds - gingival bleeding (no medicated mouth wash - flossing - or lemon glycerin swabs) - and bruising (assess for abuse w/o caregiver).
Second Left intercostal space
When a large air bubble blocks blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery.
Need for follow up blood tests - Need to take oral warfarin for at least 3 months - and to reduce current risk encourage weight loss - smoking cessation - and regular exercise.

2. Where should you place your stethescope to find the aortic valve?
Open up blood vessels
Give furosemide (lasix) 40-60 mg IV - O2 administration - morphine sulfate 3-5 mg IV - have patient sit up with feet lowered (decreases venous return to the heart) - nitroglycerin given sublingual or IV - and rotating tourniquets (can reduce intratho
Second Right intercostal space.
Second right intercostal space

3. How should you palpate the carotid arteries?
One at a time to assess the pulse amplitude and contour.
Only for a few hours
Used in an emergency (Vfib/defib) - used with Vfib or Vtach - NO CARDIAC OUTPUT - client is unconscious - EKG monitor - NO CONSENT NEEDED - begin with 200 Joules and up to 360.
Smoking - elevated cholesterol - diabetes - hypertension - old age - and family hx of coronary artery disease.

4. What is a therapeutic digoxin level?
Cardiac tamponade (fluid in pericardial space) and thickening/scarring of the pericardial sac (constrictive pericarditis and possible RHF).
SOB - dyspnea - anxiousness - diaphoresis - cool/clammy skin - distended neck veins - mental status changes - narrowed pulse pressure - hypotension - and faint or muffled heart sounds.
Second Right intercostal space.
0.5-2.0 ng/ml

5. What are the proper steps to changing a central venous catheter dressing?
Hematuria (tea or coca cola colored) - nosebleeds - gingival bleeding (no medicated mouth wash - flossing - or lemon glycerin swabs) - and bruising (assess for abuse w/o caregiver).
Aortic valve - Pulmonic valve - right ventricle - tricuspid valve - and apex or mitral valve.
No magnets (cell phone 6 inches away from) - DO Not DRINK CAFFEINATED BEVERAGES - DO Not ENGAGE In ROUGH ACTIVITIES (FOOTBAll OR WRESTLING) - and no tight clothing over site.
It is a sterile procedure so both nurse and patient should wear a mask - arrange sterile field - remove dressing - assess the catheter insertion site for infection - put on sterile gloves - clean the site moving outwardly in a circular motion - apply

6. What are the signs and symptoms of left sided HF?
The physician injects a local anesthetic into the site - inserts a catheter - and threads it through the artery into the left side of the heart or through a vein into the right side of the heart to your lungs. Next - a dye is injected which may cause
(1st) Assess the client for signs of decreased cardiac output and Notify the physician (2nd).
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure - BLOOD TINGED SPUTUM - cough - orthopnea - exertional dyspnea - cyanosis.
Only for a few hours

7. What is characteristic of ventricular tachycardia?
BP is elevated or decreased depending on activity.
PTT. Normal= 30 sec. If on anticoagulants it should be between 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 x the normal value. For PTT= 45-75 sec.
Cardiac tamponade (fluid in pericardial space) and thickening/scarring of the pericardial sac (constrictive pericarditis and possible RHF).
Rapid ventricular rate with no relationship to atrial activity and QRS complex is wide and bizarre.

8. Where should you place your stethescope to find the ERB's Point?
Feeling of fullness in head - tightness around shirt collar - or rings/jewelry that suddenly seem tight - swelling in face - hands - arms - and swollen/cyanotic lips - dyspnea - coughing - hoarseness - chest pain - hemotysis - visable collateral ches
(S1 - S2) Third left intercostal space
Temporary or permanent transvenous PACEMAKER INSERTION - and if the client is symptomatic and showing S&S of decreased cardiac output - GIVE ATROPINE.
The physician injects a local anesthetic into the site - inserts a catheter - and threads it through the artery into the left side of the heart or through a vein into the right side of the heart to your lungs. Next - a dye is injected which may cause

9. What is the treatment for atrial fibrillation?
Direct current cardioversion and digoxin/propranolol (inderal).
Second Left intercostal space
Poorly controlled hypertension
Clip hair if necessary - abrade the skin (use abrader pads or fine sandpaper and lightly rub skin using 2 or 3 brisk strokes - improves tracings) - dry skin if necessary - and attach the lead wires to the electrodes before you apply them to the patie

10. Who would most likely have peripheral venous disease?
Used to detect an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This noninvasive test takes 15 to 30 mins. They apply conductive gel to your abdomen and move a transducer over abdomen to scan blood vessels. Sound waves bouncing off anatomic structures are translated in
Old truck driver or someone on bed rest or with pelvic trauma.
Decreased tissue perfusion. Tx: clot busting treatment must start within 6 hours.
Pericardial friction rub - chest pain (sharp and aggravated with breathing) - abnormal EKG findings - possible fever and tachycardia.

11. What is important to remember when removing a CVC from a patient?
(1st) Assess the client for S&S of decreased cardiac output and Notify physician (2nd).
Have the patient use the val salva maneuver when the line is being removed (bear down/hold breath) to prevent air from entering where the line was and causing a PE.
Vitamin K (aqua myphiton)
Pulmonary edema

12. What makes the symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome better? Worse?
BIRTH CONTROL PILL (LEADING CAUSE of HTN In YOUNG WOMEN-45=STILL YOUNG) - BLACK Male (then white male - than black female - then white female) - obesity - smoking - stress - high Na diet - lack of exercise - age - sex - race - or noncompliance.
To report to her healthcare provider if she feels a large bump in her groin - if she has groin pain unrelieved by acetaminophen - or if she develops numbness - tingling - etc. in the affected leg.
The symptoms improve when the patient is sitting in upright position that promotes drainage but worsen with the client is lying down.
Ask patient to make a tight fist - using your index and middle fingers compress both the radial and ulnar arteries to obstruct blood flow to hand - ask pt to relax hand (hand and palm should appear blanched bc flow stopped) - release pressure on ulna

13. What is the maintenance for venous access port that isn't being regularly used?
Fifth left intercostal space medial to the midclavicular line.
Must be flushed 1x/month with heparin and between treatments.
Used to detect an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This noninvasive test takes 15 to 30 mins. They apply conductive gel to your abdomen and move a transducer over abdomen to scan blood vessels. Sound waves bouncing off anatomic structures are translated in
Check all junctions frequently to make sure secure - especially before patient gets out of bed - and always use tubing with twist lock connections.

14. What should you do to treat pulmonary edema?
Elderly - hypothyroidism - renal dysfunction - dehydration - HYPOKALEMIA - hypomagnesemia - or hypercalcemia. Patients with abnormal potassium levels have a higher risk because hypokalemia makes the heart more sensitive to digoxin.
A patient on sildenafil (Viagra) - Cealis - or Levitra bc these drugs together can cause very low blood pressure and heart attack.
Positive Homan's sign (calf tenderness on dorsiflexion of the foot).
Give furosemide (lasix) 40-60 mg IV - O2 administration - morphine sulfate 3-5 mg IV - have patient sit up with feet lowered (decreases venous return to the heart) - nitroglycerin given sublingual or IV - and rotating tourniquets (can reduce intratho

15. What should you teach your patient about MRI?
MRI is painless - you must remain still inside a small/noisy space. If you are claustrophobic you may need sedation. Remove all jewelry and other metal objects. If you have any shrapnel - a pacemaker - or any surgically implanted joints - pins - clip
NO because it isn't sterile so keep out.
ICG is a noninvasive way to collect hemodynamic data for assessing patients with heart failure - hypertension - or dyspnea.
Need for follow up blood tests - Need to take oral warfarin for at least 3 months - and to reduce current risk encourage weight loss - smoking cessation - and regular exercise.

16. What should be immediately done for a patient experiencing digoxin toxicity?
Stop the medication - address the factors that may have precipitated the event. If life threatening Digibind ay be indicated.
(1st) Assess the client for signs of decreased cardiac output and Notify the physician (2nd).
Fat - Air - DVT - or Amniotic
Pericardial friction rub: A high pitched squeaking or grating sound during cardiac contraction. It is typically best heard when the patient sits - leans forward - and breaths out.

17. Where is the apex/mitral valve landmark on the chest?
Fourth or fifth intercostal space at or medial to the midclavicular line.
A fluid accumulation in the pericardial space that compromises cardiac function. It is considered a medical emergency and is a hemodynamic consequence of blood or excess fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. Common causes are surgical or traumat
Feeling warm (fire) or tin can taste is expected and will pass.
Don a protective gown - gloves - and goggles - call Dr - hand pt. emesis basin and raise the HOB 45* (at this angle he can spit out blood and prevent N&V/aspiration - have another nurse firmly press on his nose just below bony part (apply pressure at

18. What are the four types of pulmonary emboli?
Correct her and tell her that the (+) lead goes on the left and the (-) lead goes on the right side.
PT. Normal= 12 sec. If on anticoagulants it should be between 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 x the normal value. For PT= 18-30 sec.
After a sheath removal to apply consistent pressure and prevent bleeding. (Ex: after swan ganz removal).
Fat - Air - DVT - or Amniotic

19. What is labile hypertension?
Right sided heart failure
BIRTH CONTROL PILL (LEADING CAUSE of HTN In YOUNG WOMEN-45=STILL YOUNG) - BLACK Male (then white male - than black female - then white female) - obesity - smoking - stress - high Na diet - lack of exercise - age - sex - race - or noncompliance.
BP is elevated or decreased depending on activity.
It usually occurs when your heart is working harder (ex: exercising - eating large meal - or feeling stress. Also very hot or cold weather).

20. What should you do frequently for someone with a central line to help prevent pulmonary emboli?
Check all junctions frequently to make sure secure - especially before patient gets out of bed - and always use tubing with twist lock connections.
Anxiousness - restlessness - tachycardia - tachypneic - 90% SP02 - dyspnea - substernal pain - coughing - hemoptysis - and fever.
After a sheath removal to apply consistent pressure and prevent bleeding. (Ex: after swan ganz removal).
RAndI= Razor - electric - Aspirin - NO - Needles - small gauge - Decrease - needle sticks - and Injury- protect from. No percodan or NSAIDS - no open toed shoes.

21. What should you teach a patient regarding discharge after a DVT?

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22. Test ending in Gram=?
Iodine
(1st) Assess the client for signs of decreased cardiac output and Notify the physician (2nd).
The physician injects a local anesthetic into the site - inserts a catheter - and threads it through the artery into the left side of the heart or through a vein into the right side of the heart to your lungs. Next - a dye is injected which may cause
When: using anticoagulants - liver disease - decrease in platelets (less than 150 -000) - hemophilia - using thrombolytic meds - DIC - CA - HIV - chemo - bone marrow problems - and ASA/NSAIDS.

23. In what locations should you not place electrodes?
In fatty areas or over major muscles - large breasts - or bony prominences.
NO NSAIDS or ASA.
The physician injects a local anesthetic into the site - inserts a catheter - and threads it through the artery into the left side of the heart or through a vein into the right side of the heart to your lungs. Next - a dye is injected which may cause
Fat - Air - DVT - or Amniotic

24. How is the arterial brachial index (ABI) calculated? Who should perform this? What is normal?
Posterior nasal packing to stop the blood flow. The LPN CAN DO THIS!
It is a noninvasive test that takes 15 mins. Electrodes are applied to sites on your body. You must lie still - relax - and breathe normally and remain quiet. Talking or moving distorts the images
It is calculated by checking the brachial BP and the ankle BP. The ankle systolic pressure is divided by the brachial systolic. The NA can perform. 0.97-1 is normal anything below indicates ischemia.
Iodine

25. When should a patient call 911 after having an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) placed?
Check all junctions frequently to make sure secure - especially before patient gets out of bed - and always use tubing with twist lock connections.
Need for follow up blood tests - Need to take oral warfarin for at least 3 months - and to reduce current risk encourage weight loss - smoking cessation - and regular exercise.
Second right intercostal space
If you feel lightheaded - dizzy - or heart palpitations but feel no shock from the ICD.

26. What should you do when applying a femoral artery compression device?
Protamine Sulfate
All People Enjoy Time Magazine= Aortic - Pulmonic - ERB's point - Tricuspid - and Mitral/Apex. P(2) E (3) T (4) MA (5) (locations)
Assess and mark the location of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses in affected leg - wash hands and put on sterile gloves - gown - and mask - position device - check circulation and make sure good pedal pulse is present - IMMEDIATELY REPO
A life threatening emergency that involves a tear in the aorta's intimal layer allowing blood to flow through a false lumen creating a hematoma or false aneurysm.

27. What is the necessary lab value to evaluate while a patient is on heparin? What is the normal value?
Lung disease
Need for follow up blood tests - Need to take oral warfarin for at least 3 months - and to reduce current risk encourage weight loss - smoking cessation - and regular exercise.
PTT. Normal= 30 sec. If on anticoagulants it should be between 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 x the normal value. For PTT= 45-75 sec.
Varicose veins - elevate legs - weight reduction - brawny in color - ted hose - topical steroids - ulcers - and skin color changes.

28. Which type of patient shouldn't take nitrates?
Assess and mark the location of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses in affected leg - wash hands and put on sterile gloves - gown - and mask - position device - check circulation and make sure good pedal pulse is present - IMMEDIATELY REPO
A patient on sildenafil (Viagra) - Cealis - or Levitra bc these drugs together can cause very low blood pressure and heart attack.
Verapamil (calan) - diltiazem (cardizem) - nifedipine (procardia) - amlodipine (norvasc).
The physician injects a local anesthetic into the site - inserts a catheter - and threads it through the artery into the left side of the heart or through a vein into the right side of the heart to your lungs. Next - a dye is injected which may cause

29. What are the S&S of pulmonary embolism?
If feel more than 3 shocks in a row or develop signs of infection at the site.
Anxiousness - restlessness - tachycardia - tachypneic - 90% SP02 - dyspnea - substernal pain - coughing - hemoptysis - and fever.
Inspect pulses on chest - inspect the internal jugular veins - palpate the apical pulse - palpate the carotid arteries - and auscultate the heart sounds.
Fourth or fifth intercostal space at or medial to the midclavicular line.

30. What is superior vena cava syndrome?
Second Right intercostal space.
A complication from a venous access device or port. It is a blockage of the superior vena cava preventing superior blood flow from reaching the heart.
Nitrates - Beta blockers - and Calcium channel blockers
Keep clean and dry for 72 hours - DON'T LIFT The ELBOW OR ARM ON The INCISION SIDE FOR FOUR WEEKS (CAN'T BRUSH HAIR OR TEECH BC PULLS CAN ROLL MARBLES) - DON'T LIFT PUSH OR PULL MORE THAN 10 LBS FOR FOUR WEEKS - take pulse and wt each day - CAll CARD

31. What should be done is a patient on anticoagulants suffers from epistaxis for more than 15 mins?
Inspect pulses on chest - inspect the internal jugular veins - palpate the apical pulse - palpate the carotid arteries - and auscultate the heart sounds.
All People Enjoy Time Magazine= Aortic - Pulmonic - ERB's point - Tricuspid - and Mitral/Apex. P(2) E (3) T (4) MA (5) (locations)
Posterior nasal packing to stop the blood flow. The LPN CAN DO THIS!
Premature beats that are not preceded by a P- wave - QRS is wide and bizarre - and the T wave of the premature beat is generally large and in the opposite direction of the QRS.

32. When should bleeding precautions be implemented?
When: using anticoagulants - liver disease - decrease in platelets (less than 150 -000) - hemophilia - using thrombolytic meds - DIC - CA - HIV - chemo - bone marrow problems - and ASA/NSAIDS.
To inhibit thrombus and clot formation.
Air answers (open junctions)
Temporary or permanent transvenous PACEMAKER INSERTION - and if the client is symptomatic and showing S&S of decreased cardiac output - GIVE ATROPINE.

33. What SE should you look for with calcium channel blocker use?
Constipation or MAY CAUSE ANKLES TO SWELL (call healthcare provider).
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure - BLOOD TINGED SPUTUM - cough - orthopnea - exertional dyspnea - cyanosis.
Whether the patients ulnar and radial arteries are patent.
0.5-2.0 ng/ml

34. What does an Allen's test determine?
Right sided heart failure
Deep in the sternomastoid muscle - so look for pulsations in the soft tissue surrounding that area.
Whether the patients ulnar and radial arteries are patent.
For the first month post op - do not lift more than 10 or 15 lbs. And avoid excessive pushing - pulling - or twisting.

35. What should you teach your patient about a cardiac catheterization?
One at a time to assess the pulse amplitude and contour.
Chest pain or discomfort that occurs when your heart doesn't get enough blood and oxygen. Stable: the feeling comes and goes at expected times. Unstable: the pattern of your pain has changed (longer - hurts more - etc.)
The physician injects a local anesthetic into the site - inserts a catheter - and threads it through the artery into the left side of the heart or through a vein into the right side of the heart to your lungs. Next - a dye is injected which may cause
Stand behind the victim - wrap arms around waist (IF PREGNANT WRAP ABOVE The BABy) - make a fist with one had and place thumb against abdomen midline - grasp fist with other hand - press into victims abdomen with quick upward thrusts.

36. What does a swan ganz measure?
Temporary or permanent transvenous PACEMAKER INSERTION - and if the client is symptomatic and showing S&S of decreased cardiac output - GIVE ATROPINE.
The right and left ventricular pressures - cardiac output - arterial venous O2 difference - and pulmonary artery pressure.
Lower HOB - place patient supine - assess LOC - open airway - assess breathing - get ambu bag - put on gloves - connect tubing from O2 source - adjust flow to 10 to 15 liters. First RESCUER: PLACE APEX of MASK OVER BRIDGE of NOSE And BASE BETWEEN LOW
NO because it isn't sterile so keep out.

37. What are the 2 types of pacemakers?
It is an elective procedure - where the client is awake - it is synchronized with 'QRS' - the patient is sedated - a consent form must be signed prior to - they are placed on an EKG monitor - and they are shocked with 50-200 Joules.
Thromboanglitis obliterans/ Buerger's disease= inflammatory process of arterial wall - veins - and nerves where they become blocked. It is associated with smoking/tobacco use.
Demand: Works PRN (when HR goes below predetermined rate) or Fixed: beats constantly at predetermined rate so no matter what heart does still beats at same rate.
Leg pain that is brought on by exercise and relieved by rest. It is characteristic of peripheral artery occlusion/ arterial insufficiency. It is dull or cramp like and consistently occurs in the same area of the leg and with same amount of distance.

38. What are the nursing interventions for a patient in complete heart block?
File toe nails - if have new shoes only wear 2 hrs/day d/t neuropathy can't feel if problem. To decrease pain of claudication massage legs to increase circulation.
No clearly defined or measurable P waves and an irregular - irregular ventricular response.
(1st) Assess the client for S&S of decreased cardiac output and Notify physician (2nd).
Clip hair if necessary - abrade the skin (use abrader pads or fine sandpaper and lightly rub skin using 2 or 3 brisk strokes - improves tracings) - dry skin if necessary - and attach the lead wires to the electrodes before you apply them to the patie

39. What should you go when applying nitroglycerin ointment for angina?
Elevated legs - anticoagulation therapy (aggressive: generally IV heparin) - Be alert for signs of PE.
Put on gloves - remove the previous application paper and use a tissue to remove all ointment from the site to prevent overdose - squeeze the prescribed ointment in a thin layer onto a clean ruled application paper - choose an unused site on the ches
Rapid ventricular rate with no relationship to atrial activity and QRS complex is wide and bizarre.
Ask patient to make a tight fist - using your index and middle fingers compress both the radial and ulnar arteries to obstruct blood flow to hand - ask pt to relax hand (hand and palm should appear blanched bc flow stopped) - release pressure on ulna

40. Where should you place your stethescope to find the tricuspid valve?
D/C the med and call the doctor.
4th left intercostal space lower sternal border
Direct current cardioversion and digoxin/propranolol (inderal).
Posterior nasal packing to stop the blood flow. The LPN CAN DO THIS!

41. What should you teach someone after they have had a pacemaker placed?

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42. What landmarks should you be looking for on someone's chest?
Trendelenburg position for insertion. Pt holds breath to prevent air from entering sinus tract.
Aortic valve - Pulmonic valve - right ventricle - tricuspid valve - and apex or mitral valve.
If you feel lightheaded - dizzy - or heart palpitations but feel no shock from the ICD.
Varicose veins - elevate legs - weight reduction - brawny in color - ted hose - topical steroids - ulcers - and skin color changes.

43. During an Allen's test don't compress one artery _____ the other.
Before
Difficulty breathing - pain in midchest and shoulder - pale - nausea - and light headedness.
A fluid accumulation in the pericardial space that compromises cardiac function. It is considered a medical emergency and is a hemodynamic consequence of blood or excess fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. Common causes are surgical or traumat
Air embolism

44. How long is contrast media in the body?
Only for a few hours
Exercise and use graduated compression devices as directed - don't stand for long period of time - to avoid dislodging blood clots don't rub or massage your legs.
In fatty areas or over major muscles - large breasts - or bony prominences.
To reduce a patients risk of DVT and PE. They include graduated compression stockings - vena cava filters - and intermittent sequential external compression devices.

45. Which jugular veins give a more accurate estimate of the jugular vein pressure and pressure in the right atrium?
Explain procedure - stress importance of reporting symptoms. INSTRUCT The PATIENT NO TO EAT DRINK OR SMOKE AT LEAST 1 HOUR BEFORE The TEST. EVALUATE PATIENTS HISTORY FOR ANY CARDIAC CONDITIONS OR MEDICATIONS THAT MAY INTERFERE WITH The TEST!!! (No va
The internal jugular veins (external are less reliable).
International Normalized Ratio measures blood clotting time and compares it to normal values. 1.0=normal. Most people on anticoagulants are 2-3.
This noninvasive test takes 24 hours and causes no discomfort. Electrodes are applied to your body - you need to log your activities for a 24 hour period (walking - sleeping - urinating - physical symptoms - and medications). Don't tamper with the mo

46. What is the most common cause of arterial insufficiency?
Chronic arteriosclerotic disease.
Gently insert the oropharyngeal airway by turning it upside down (into U shape) and slide it into the mouth. As continue to insert rotate it so the ends of the U turn downward into an arch shape after it transverses the oral cavity and approaches the
Demand: Works PRN (when HR goes below predetermined rate) or Fixed: beats constantly at predetermined rate so no matter what heart does still beats at same rate.
This noninvasive test takes 24 hours and causes no discomfort. Electrodes are applied to your body - you need to log your activities for a 24 hour period (walking - sleeping - urinating - physical symptoms - and medications). Don't tamper with the mo

47. What are the nursing interventions for a patient with premature ventricular contractions?
(1st) Assess the client for signs of decreased cardiac output and Notify the physician (2nd).
Don a protective gown - gloves - and goggles - call Dr - hand pt. emesis basin and raise the HOB 45* (at this angle he can spit out blood and prevent N&V/aspiration - have another nurse firmly press on his nose just below bony part (apply pressure at
For the first month post op - do not lift more than 10 or 15 lbs. And avoid excessive pushing - pulling - or twisting.
No magnets (cell phone 6 inches away from) - DO Not DRINK CAFFEINATED BEVERAGES - DO Not ENGAGE In ROUGH ACTIVITIES (FOOTBAll OR WRESTLING) - and no tight clothing over site.

48. In What time period is the greatest risk of sudden death from an MI?
A complication from a venous access device or port. It is a blockage of the superior vena cava preventing superior blood flow from reaching the heart.
Check all junctions frequently to make sure secure - especially before patient gets out of bed - and always use tubing with twist lock connections.
In the first 72 hours!!!!!
Hematuria (tea or coca cola colored) - nosebleeds - gingival bleeding (no medicated mouth wash - flossing - or lemon glycerin swabs) - and bruising (assess for abuse w/o caregiver).

49. What should you remember while taking care of someone with a peripheral arterial occlusion?
NO TED HOSE - NO SHEETS/BLANKETS - NO COMPRESSION DEVICES - (TEACH NO OPEN TOES SHOES). Lambs wool is okay!
In fatty areas or over major muscles - large breasts - or bony prominences.
A life threatening emergency that involves a tear in the aorta's intimal layer allowing blood to flow through a false lumen creating a hematoma or false aneurysm.
Spasms of the arterioles in finger/toes (digits of hands/feet may fall off). Tx: stop smoking - avoid stress & cold - use a vasodilator (calcium channel blocker). No skiing or butcher for career.

50. Should the tubing for a venous access port be included under the dressing site?

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