Test your basic knowledge |

NCLEX Cardiac

Subjects : nclex, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What should you not allow if a patient has a negative Allen's test?
A fluid accumulation in the pericardial space that compromises cardiac function. It is considered a medical emergency and is a hemodynamic consequence of blood or excess fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. Common causes are surgical or traumat
No radial artery punctures if negative
If feel more than 3 shocks in a row or develop signs of infection at the site.
It is calculated by checking the brachial BP and the ankle BP. The ankle systolic pressure is divided by the brachial systolic. The NA can perform. 0.97-1 is normal anything below indicates ischemia.

2. Which type of patient shouldn't take nitrates?
SOB - dyspnea - anxiousness - diaphoresis - cool/clammy skin - distended neck veins - mental status changes - narrowed pulse pressure - hypotension - and faint or muffled heart sounds.
RAndI= Razor - electric - Aspirin - NO - Needles - small gauge - Decrease - needle sticks - and Injury- protect from. No percodan or NSAIDS - no open toed shoes.
A patient on sildenafil (Viagra) - Cealis - or Levitra bc these drugs together can cause very low blood pressure and heart attack.
Gently insert the oropharyngeal airway by turning it upside down (into U shape) and slide it into the mouth. As continue to insert rotate it so the ends of the U turn downward into an arch shape after it transverses the oral cavity and approaches the

3. What is epistaxis?
NO because it isn't sterile so keep out.
A nosebleed
Left sternal border
Before

4. What nursing interventions are associated with a pt. experiencing ventricular fibrillation?
(1ST) BEGIN CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (The PT. Is DYING) And NotIFY PHYSICIAN (2ND).
Elevated legs - anticoagulation therapy (aggressive: generally IV heparin) - Be alert for signs of PE.
CPR should be done. No defibrillation bc no rhythm to shock (heart already depolarized).
SOB - dyspnea - anxiousness - diaphoresis - cool/clammy skin - distended neck veins - mental status changes - narrowed pulse pressure - hypotension - and faint or muffled heart sounds.

5. What are the nursing interventions for a pt. with ventricular tachycardia?
(1st) Assess LOC - (2nd) if unconscious= begin CPR - and (3rd) Notify physician.
One large emboli (smaller=better)
BIRTH CONTROL PILL (LEADING CAUSE of HTN In YOUNG WOMEN-45=STILL YOUNG) - BLACK Male (then white male - than black female - then white female) - obesity - smoking - stress - high Na diet - lack of exercise - age - sex - race - or noncompliance.
All People Enjoy Time Magazine= Aortic - Pulmonic - ERB's point - Tricuspid - and Mitral/Apex. P(2) E (3) T (4) MA (5) (locations)

6. What should you do when applying a femoral artery compression device?
Clip hair if necessary - abrade the skin (use abrader pads or fine sandpaper and lightly rub skin using 2 or 3 brisk strokes - improves tracings) - dry skin if necessary - and attach the lead wires to the electrodes before you apply them to the patie
To report to her healthcare provider if she feels a large bump in her groin - if she has groin pain unrelieved by acetaminophen - or if she develops numbness - tingling - etc. in the affected leg.
Assess and mark the location of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses in affected leg - wash hands and put on sterile gloves - gown - and mask - position device - check circulation and make sure good pedal pulse is present - IMMEDIATELY REPO
Rescuer arrives with AED - turn AED on - select proper pads and apply - clear victim to analyze - clear victim to shock/press shock - resume chest compressions after 1 shock - delivers cycle of compressions at correct rate - pause to allow other resc

7. What is the most common cause of arterial insufficiency?
(1st) Assess the client for signs of decreased cardiac output and Notify the physician (2nd).
Chronic arteriosclerotic disease.
It is a sterile procedure so both nurse and patient should wear a mask - arrange sterile field - remove dressing - assess the catheter insertion site for infection - put on sterile gloves - clean the site moving outwardly in a circular motion - apply
Having the patient supine is ideal but any position is acceptable so long as in same position for each monitoring session - locate clean and dry sensor sites on the neck (in line with earlobe) and thorax (midaxillary at xiphoid process) - connect lea

8. What should you tell someone about taking nitroglycerin tablets (SE)?
Idiopathic
In the first 72 hours!!!!!
They may feel a slight stinging under there tongue when they are dissolving - and they should get a HA (if no HA may not be good bc the pills only last for 6 months). Keep with you at all times.
The arteries have narrowed - decreased O2 to tissues= hypoxia to cells.

9. What are the S&S associated with right sided heart failure?
Anxiousness - restlessness - tachycardia - tachypneic - 90% SP02 - dyspnea - substernal pain - coughing - hemoptysis - and fever.
Trendelenburg position for insertion. Pt holds breath to prevent air from entering sinus tract.
(1st) Assess the client for signs of decreased cardiac output and Notify the physician (2nd).
Fatigue - JVD - Increased peripheral venous pressure - ascites - anorexia/complaints of GI distress - cyanosis - and dependent edema.

10. What is an acute peripheral arterial occlusion?
No magnets (cell phone 6 inches away from) - DO Not DRINK CAFFEINATED BEVERAGES - DO Not ENGAGE In ROUGH ACTIVITIES (FOOTBAll OR WRESTLING) - and no tight clothing over site.
The arteries have narrowed - decreased O2 to tissues= hypoxia to cells.
4th left intercostal space lower sternal border
The right and left ventricular pressures - cardiac output - arterial venous O2 difference - and pulmonary artery pressure.

11. What is the proper way to access and implanted venous access port (IVAP) (Mediport)?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

12. What should be done immediately for someone with PE?
Administer 100% O2 - left trendelenburg position - heparin administered - and oral warfarin started (give heparin and warfarin together for at least 5 days).
Having the patient supine is ideal but any position is acceptable so long as in same position for each monitoring session - locate clean and dry sensor sites on the neck (in line with earlobe) and thorax (midaxillary at xiphoid process) - connect lea
Don a protective gown - gloves - and goggles - call Dr - hand pt. emesis basin and raise the HOB 45* (at this angle he can spit out blood and prevent N&V/aspiration - have another nurse firmly press on his nose just below bony part (apply pressure at
Fifth left intercostal space medial to the midclavicular line.

13. What does plan of care include?
A central line placed that measures the right atrial pressure. Normal= 4-10 cm of H20.
Give furosemide (lasix) 40-60 mg IV - O2 administration - morphine sulfate 3-5 mg IV - have patient sit up with feet lowered (decreases venous return to the heart) - nitroglycerin given sublingual or IV - and rotating tourniquets (can reduce intratho
Arterial pulse: 60-90 - Amplitude: 4+=strong and bounding - Edema: 0=none - Reflex 2+
Elevated legs - anticoagulation therapy (aggressive: generally IV heparin) - Be alert for signs of PE.

14. What should you explain to the patient about an impedance cardiography test?
It will take 5 mins and he/she should remain quiet for about 1 minute without talking or moving.
Posterior nasal packing to stop the blood flow. The LPN CAN DO THIS!
Include rest periods prior to any activity.
When not visable - place the patient in the left lateral position - ask them to exhale fully and stop breathing for a few seconds.

15. Where is the apex/mitral valve landmark on the chest?
File toe nails - if have new shoes only wear 2 hrs/day d/t neuropathy can't feel if problem. To decrease pain of claudication massage legs to increase circulation.
NO because it isn't sterile so keep out.
Fourth or fifth intercostal space at or medial to the midclavicular line.
It is noninvasive. You must not eat - smoke - or drink alcohol for 3 hours before the test. WEAR COMFORTABLE SHOES And LOOSE LIGHTWEIGHT SHORTS OR SLACKS - YOU MAY GET AN INJECTION of THAllIUM - after your blood pressure and ECG are monitored for 10-

16. What should you do frequently for someone with a central line to help prevent pulmonary emboli?
A NON INVASIVE doppler exam of the heart via the thorax to detect cardiac tamponade.
Check all junctions frequently to make sure secure - especially before patient gets out of bed - and always use tubing with twist lock connections.
Open up blood vessels
Exercise and use graduated compression devices as directed - don't stand for long period of time - to avoid dislodging blood clots don't rub or massage your legs.

17. What is important to remember when taking care of patients with compression devices?
It will take 5 mins and he/she should remain quiet for about 1 minute without talking or moving.
To inhibit thrombus and clot formation.
A fluid accumulation in the pericardial space that compromises cardiac function. It is considered a medical emergency and is a hemodynamic consequence of blood or excess fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. Common causes are surgical or traumat
You need to maintain use of those devices continually except when the patient is ambulating - bathing - or during physical therapy or skin assessment.

18. For which heart sounds should the diaphragm be used?
Leg pain that is brought on by exercise and relieved by rest. It is characteristic of peripheral artery occlusion/ arterial insufficiency. It is dull or cramp like and consistently occurs in the same area of the leg and with same amount of distance.
High pitched sounds like S1 and S2 (pericardial friction rubs - aortic/mitral regurgitation murmurs). DIAPH(high)ragm
BP is elevated or decreased depending on activity.
Stop the medication - address the factors that may have precipitated the event. If life threatening Digibind ay be indicated.

19. What is a good diagnosis for someone with right sided HF?
Rapid ventricular rate with no relationship to atrial activity and QRS complex is wide and bizarre.
Activity intolerance
PTT. Normal= 30 sec. If on anticoagulants it should be between 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 x the normal value. For PTT= 45-75 sec.
A complication from a venous access device or port. It is a blockage of the superior vena cava preventing superior blood flow from reaching the heart.

20. What usually triggers angina pain?
Pulmonary edema
Don a protective gown - gloves - and goggles - call Dr - hand pt. emesis basin and raise the HOB 45* (at this angle he can spit out blood and prevent N&V/aspiration - have another nurse firmly press on his nose just below bony part (apply pressure at
(S1 - S2) Third left intercostal space
It usually occurs when your heart is working harder (ex: exercising - eating large meal - or feeling stress. Also very hot or cold weather).

21. Test ending in Gram=?
Lower left sternal border
Iodine
A life threatening emergency that involves a tear in the aorta's intimal layer allowing blood to flow through a false lumen creating a hematoma or false aneurysm.
Don't interfere!

22. What should the plan of care include for a diagnosis of activity intolerance r/t right sided HF?
Decrease in weight - diuretics (watch K loss) - aldactone (k sparing but check renal fx) - inderal (do Not give to asthma patients or diabetic patients) - more exercise - no smoking - and decreased Na intake.
No clearly defined or measurable P waves and an irregular - irregular ventricular response.
Aortic valve - Pulmonic valve - right ventricle - tricuspid valve - and apex or mitral valve.
Include rest periods prior to any activity.

23. What should you always assume with a patient who has a central line placed and is experiencing SOB?
It is noninvasive. You must not eat - smoke - or drink alcohol for 3 hours before the test. WEAR COMFORTABLE SHOES And LOOSE LIGHTWEIGHT SHORTS OR SLACKS - YOU MAY GET AN INJECTION of THAllIUM - after your blood pressure and ECG are monitored for 10-
Air embolism
Fat - Air - DVT - or Amniotic
Changing the way that you live is the first step. STOP SMOKING!!!! <30% FAT In DIET (don't avoid all fat) - lose weight - exercise - limit salt intake - nitro - Angioplasty (stent insertion) or CABG.

24. What is you see an NA placing cardiac monitor electrodes on a patient. She is placing (-) on the left and (+) on the right what should you do?
D/C the med and call the doctor.
A drop in systolic BP greater than 12 mm Hg during inspiration indicating a compromise.
Correct her and tell her that the (+) lead goes on the left and the (-) lead goes on the right side.
Right sided heart failure

25. What are the nursing interventions for a patient in complete heart block?
An enlarged space indicates fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac.
(1st) Assess the client for S&S of decreased cardiac output and Notify physician (2nd).
You need to maintain use of those devices continually except when the patient is ambulating - bathing - or during physical therapy or skin assessment.
RAndI= Razor - electric - Aspirin - NO - Needles - small gauge - Decrease - needle sticks - and Injury- protect from. No percodan or NSAIDS - no open toed shoes.

26. What is a therapeutic digoxin level?
Crushing chest pain that lasts 30 mins or longer and may radiate to the neck - shoulders - or jaw - diaphoresis - nausea - and SOB.
0.5-2.0 ng/ml
SOB - dyspnea - anxiousness - diaphoresis - cool/clammy skin - distended neck veins - mental status changes - narrowed pulse pressure - hypotension - and faint or muffled heart sounds.
It will take 5 mins and he/she should remain quiet for about 1 minute without talking or moving.

27. What are general guidelines to be followed by a patient who has an implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?
Lower HOB - place patient supine - assess LOC - open airway - assess breathing - get ambu bag - put on gloves - connect tubing from O2 source - adjust flow to 10 to 15 liters. First RESCUER: PLACE APEX of MASK OVER BRIDGE of NOSE And BASE BETWEEN LOW
They may feel a slight stinging under there tongue when they are dissolving - and they should get a HA (if no HA may not be good bc the pills only last for 6 months). Keep with you at all times.
No magnets (cell phone 6 inches away from) - DO Not DRINK CAFFEINATED BEVERAGES - DO Not ENGAGE In ROUGH ACTIVITIES (FOOTBAll OR WRESTLING) - and no tight clothing over site.
For the first month post op - do not lift more than 10 or 15 lbs. And avoid excessive pushing - pulling - or twisting.

28. How does the blood flow through the heart? (valves?)
Use sterile gloves and aseptic technique - clean skin over port with alcohol or iodine - insert a 21 or 22 gauge HUBER needle (noncoring - won't break apart) attached to syringe or tubing into the middle of the port until rigid back of port is palpab
Right atrium - TRICUSPID VALVE (tissue) - right ventricle - PULMONIC VALVE (paper) - lungs - left atrium - MITRAL VALVE (My) - left ventricle - AORTIC VALVE (Assets). Tissue PAPER MY ASSETS!
Don't interfere!
Give furosemide (lasix) 40-60 mg IV - O2 administration - morphine sulfate 3-5 mg IV - have patient sit up with feet lowered (decreases venous return to the heart) - nitroglycerin given sublingual or IV - and rotating tourniquets (can reduce intratho

29. What are examples of calcium channel blockers?
Verapamil (calan) - diltiazem (cardizem) - nifedipine (procardia) - amlodipine (norvasc).
A complication from a venous access device or port. It is a blockage of the superior vena cava preventing superior blood flow from reaching the heart.
Poorly controlled hypertension
Lower HOB - place patient supine - assess LOC - open airway - assess breathing - get ambu bag - put on gloves - connect tubing from O2 source - adjust flow to 10 to 15 liters. First RESCUER: PLACE APEX of MASK OVER BRIDGE of NOSE And BASE BETWEEN LOW

30. What should you suspect for someone who post cardiac cath and percutaneous coronary intervention reporting feeling a pop in her left groin followed by a saturated dressing - swelling around site - palpable 2 inch fullness - and a bruit is present?
SOB - dyspnea - anxiousness - diaphoresis - cool/clammy skin - distended neck veins - mental status changes - narrowed pulse pressure - hypotension - and faint or muffled heart sounds.
A hematoma= bleeding into the soft tissue surrounding the femoral artery access site.
No clearly defined or measurable P waves and an irregular - irregular ventricular response.
Thromboanglitis obliterans/ Buerger's disease= inflammatory process of arterial wall - veins - and nerves where they become blocked. It is associated with smoking/tobacco use.

31. What is a transthoracic echocardiograph (TTE)?
A NON INVASIVE doppler exam of the heart via the thorax to detect cardiac tamponade.
Diuretic & Digoxin (dig increases force of contraction and increases perfusion). Know working if client is peeing (kidney perfusion) and more alert!
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure - BLOOD TINGED SPUTUM - cough - orthopnea - exertional dyspnea - cyanosis.
Rapid ventricular rate with no relationship to atrial activity and QRS complex is wide and bizarre.

32. In what locations should you not place electrodes?
Verapamil (calan) - diltiazem (cardizem) - nifedipine (procardia) - amlodipine (norvasc).
Totally disorganized - chaotic pattern - and no discernible waves or complexes.
In fatty areas or over major muscles - large breasts - or bony prominences.
Rescuer arrives with AED - turn AED on - select proper pads and apply - clear victim to analyze - clear victim to shock/press shock - resume chest compressions after 1 shock - delivers cycle of compressions at correct rate - pause to allow other resc

33. Where should you place your stethescope to find the pulmonic valve?
Used to detect an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This noninvasive test takes 15 to 30 mins. They apply conductive gel to your abdomen and move a transducer over abdomen to scan blood vessels. Sound waves bouncing off anatomic structures are translated in
Don a protective gown - gloves - and goggles - call Dr - hand pt. emesis basin and raise the HOB 45* (at this angle he can spit out blood and prevent N&V/aspiration - have another nurse firmly press on his nose just below bony part (apply pressure at
When: using anticoagulants - liver disease - decrease in platelets (less than 150 -000) - hemophilia - using thrombolytic meds - DIC - CA - HIV - chemo - bone marrow problems - and ASA/NSAIDS.
Second Left intercostal space

34. What could happen without immediate intervention for a hematoma?
To reduce a patients risk of DVT and PE. They include graduated compression stockings - vena cava filters - and intermittent sequential external compression devices.
Crushing chest pain that lasts 30 mins or longer and may radiate to the neck - shoulders - or jaw - diaphoresis - nausea - and SOB.
Arterial pulse: 60-90 - Amplitude: 4+=strong and bounding - Edema: 0=none - Reflex 2+
The patient may suffer significant blood loss or femoral nerve compression.

35. What are the steps for adult 2 rescuer CPR?
Anxiousness - restlessness - tachycardia - tachypneic - 90% SP02 - dyspnea - substernal pain - coughing - hemoptysis - and fever.
Rescuer arrives with AED - turn AED on - select proper pads and apply - clear victim to analyze - clear victim to shock/press shock - resume chest compressions after 1 shock - delivers cycle of compressions at correct rate - pause to allow other resc
A central line placed that measures the right atrial pressure. Normal= 4-10 cm of H20.
Patient who are unable to tolerate exercise stress testing.

36. What can result from left sided heart failure if left untreated?
Pulmonary edema
This noninvasive test takes 24 hours and causes no discomfort. Electrodes are applied to your body - you need to log your activities for a 24 hour period (walking - sleeping - urinating - physical symptoms - and medications). Don't tamper with the mo
The symptoms improve when the patient is sitting in upright position that promotes drainage but worsen with the client is lying down.
0.5-2.0 ng/ml

37. What do calcium channel blockers do?
Open up blood vessels
Smoking - elevated cholesterol - diabetes - hypertension - old age - and family hx of coronary artery disease.
Old truck driver or someone on bed rest or with pelvic trauma.
ICG is a noninvasive way to collect hemodynamic data for assessing patients with heart failure - hypertension - or dyspnea.

38. During an Allen's test don't compress one artery _____ the other.
Before
Exercise and use graduated compression devices as directed - don't stand for long period of time - to avoid dislodging blood clots don't rub or massage your legs.
Arterial pulse: 60-90 - Amplitude: 4+=strong and bounding - Edema: 0=none - Reflex 2+
The right and left ventricular pressures - cardiac output - arterial venous O2 difference - and pulmonary artery pressure.

39. What is the treatment for someone with right sided HF? How do you know working?
Diuretic & Digoxin (dig increases force of contraction and increases perfusion). Know working if client is peeing (kidney perfusion) and more alert!
Steroid treatment or a pregnant woman who is retaining water.
Open up blood vessels
Stroke - renal or heart failure - paraplegia secondary to compromised blood flow - or death from aortic rupture.

40. What are the S&S of cardiac tamponade?
An enlarged space indicates fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac.
MONA=Magnesium sulfate - O2 - Nitroglycerin - Aspirin (mona has a heart so EKG also if select all that apply).
Second Left intercostal space
SOB - dyspnea - anxiousness - diaphoresis - cool/clammy skin - distended neck veins - mental status changes - narrowed pulse pressure - hypotension - and faint or muffled heart sounds.

41. What is the treatment for someone in ventricular fibrillation?
Low pitched sounds such as S3 and S4 and the murmur of mitral stenosis. BEL(low)L
Direct current cardioversion and digoxin/propranolol (inderal).
A nosebleed
Direct current shock (defibrillation) and IV anti - arrhythmic drugs (lidocaine - Procainamide - and Bretylium).

42. What is the correct way to insert an oropharyngeal airway?
D/C the med and call the doctor.
Second Right intercostal space.
In the first 72 hours!!!!!
Gently insert the oropharyngeal airway by turning it upside down (into U shape) and slide it into the mouth. As continue to insert rotate it so the ends of the U turn downward into an arch shape after it transverses the oral cavity and approaches the

43. What should be done is a patient on anticoagulants suffers from epistaxis for more than 15 mins?
Feeling of fullness in head - tightness around shirt collar - or rings/jewelry that suddenly seem tight - swelling in face - hands - arms - and swollen/cyanotic lips - dyspnea - coughing - hoarseness - chest pain - hemotysis - visable collateral ches
Old truck driver or someone on bed rest or with pelvic trauma.
Direct current cardioversion and digoxin/propranolol (inderal).
Posterior nasal packing to stop the blood flow. The LPN CAN DO THIS!

44. What should you tell a patient who developed a hematoma in the hospital and is being discharged?
MONA=Magnesium sulfate - O2 - Nitroglycerin - Aspirin (mona has a heart so EKG also if select all that apply).
Pulmonary edema
Use sterile gloves and aseptic technique - clean skin over port with alcohol or iodine - insert a 21 or 22 gauge HUBER needle (noncoring - won't break apart) attached to syringe or tubing into the middle of the port until rigid back of port is palpab
To report to her healthcare provider if she feels a large bump in her groin - if she has groin pain unrelieved by acetaminophen - or if she develops numbness - tingling - etc. in the affected leg.

45. When should a patient call their doctor after having an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) placed?
Rescuer arrives with AED - turn AED on - select proper pads and apply - clear victim to analyze - clear victim to shock/press shock - resume chest compressions after 1 shock - delivers cycle of compressions at correct rate - pause to allow other resc
If feel more than 3 shocks in a row or develop signs of infection at the site.
INTERVENE: to control edema and decrease pain patient should be on bed rest with legs elevated six inches above heart level.
The damaged portion of the aorta is removed and is repaired with a synthetic graft.

46. What should you teach your patient about MRI?
The damaged portion of the aorta is removed and is repaired with a synthetic graft.
It is calculated by checking the brachial BP and the ankle BP. The ankle systolic pressure is divided by the brachial systolic. The NA can perform. 0.97-1 is normal anything below indicates ischemia.
D/C the med and call the doctor.
MRI is painless - you must remain still inside a small/noisy space. If you are claustrophobic you may need sedation. Remove all jewelry and other metal objects. If you have any shrapnel - a pacemaker - or any surgically implanted joints - pins - clip

47. What should you do if the PTT value is 80 for someone on heparin?
Changing the way that you live is the first step. STOP SMOKING!!!! <30% FAT In DIET (don't avoid all fat) - lose weight - exercise - limit salt intake - nitro - Angioplasty (stent insertion) or CABG.
MRI is painless - you must remain still inside a small/noisy space. If you are claustrophobic you may need sedation. Remove all jewelry and other metal objects. If you have any shrapnel - a pacemaker - or any surgically implanted joints - pins - clip
Lower HOB - place patient supine - assess LOC - open airway - assess breathing - get ambu bag - put on gloves - connect tubing from O2 source - adjust flow to 10 to 15 liters. First RESCUER: PLACE APEX of MASK OVER BRIDGE of NOSE And BASE BETWEEN LOW
D/C the med and call the doctor.

48. What is characteristic of ventricular tachycardia?
Rapid ventricular rate with no relationship to atrial activity and QRS complex is wide and bizarre.
Anxiousness - restlessness - tachycardia - tachypneic - 90% SP02 - dyspnea - substernal pain - coughing - hemoptysis - and fever.
Fat - Air - DVT - or Amniotic
A NON INVASIVE doppler exam of the heart via the thorax to detect cardiac tamponade.

49. When would a nurse use an external femoral artery compression device?
After a sheath removal to apply consistent pressure and prevent bleeding. (Ex: after swan ganz removal).
Protamine Sulfate
(S1 - S2) Third left intercostal space
A disease in which thrombi trap blood in the deep veins of the pelvis and legs.

50. What is Raynauds disease? Tx?
Spasms of the arterioles in finger/toes (digits of hands/feet may fall off). Tx: stop smoking - avoid stress & cold - use a vasodilator (calcium channel blocker). No skiing or butcher for career.
Vascular - artery disease causing fluid to back up into the lungs.
When: using anticoagulants - liver disease - decrease in platelets (less than 150 -000) - hemophilia - using thrombolytic meds - DIC - CA - HIV - chemo - bone marrow problems - and ASA/NSAIDS.
Pericardial friction rub - chest pain (sharp and aggravated with breathing) - abnormal EKG findings - possible fever and tachycardia.