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NCLEX Cardiac

Subjects : nclex, health-sciences, nursing

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are all the S&S of pericarditis?
Pericardial friction rub - chest pain (sharp and aggravated with breathing) - abnormal EKG findings - possible fever and tachycardia.
Verapamil (calan) - diltiazem (cardizem) - nifedipine (procardia) - amlodipine (norvasc).
IV LIDOCAINE BOLUS (50-100 mg) followed by an IV lidocaine drip (suppresses ventricular activity).
Varicose veins - elevate legs - weight reduction - brawny in color - ted hose - topical steroids - ulcers - and skin color changes.

2. What lab value is used to evaluate a patient on coumadin? What is the normal value?
Demand: Works PRN (when HR goes below predetermined rate) or Fixed: beats constantly at predetermined rate so no matter what heart does still beats at same rate.
To inhibit thrombus and clot formation.
International Normalized Ratio measures blood clotting time and compares it to normal values. 1.0=normal. Most people on anticoagulants are 2-3.
PT. Normal= 12 sec. If on anticoagulants it should be between 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 x the normal value. For PT= 18-30 sec.

3. What is the purpose of compression devices?
Premature beats that are not preceded by a P- wave - QRS is wide and bizarre - and the T wave of the premature beat is generally large and in the opposite direction of the QRS.
To reduce a patients risk of DVT and PE. They include graduated compression stockings - vena cava filters - and intermittent sequential external compression devices.
A hematoma= bleeding into the soft tissue surrounding the femoral artery access site.
Patient who are unable to tolerate exercise stress testing.

4. In What time period is the greatest risk of sudden death from an MI?
After a sheath removal to apply consistent pressure and prevent bleeding. (Ex: after swan ganz removal).
In the first 72 hours!!!!!
PTT. Normal= 30 sec. If on anticoagulants it should be between 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 x the normal value. For PTT= 45-75 sec.
It will take 5 mins and he/she should remain quiet for about 1 minute without talking or moving.

5. What is the antidote for coumadin?
Right sided heart failure
Fourth or fifth intercostal space at or medial to the midclavicular line.
In the first 72 hours!!!!!
Vitamin K (aqua myphiton)

6. What is Raynauds disease? Tx?
Close the open catheter lumen with the clamp - and place the pt on their left side in trendelenburg to move the air embolus away from the pulmonic valve. If you hear a churning sound in his chest (a classic sign of air embolus) and the patient starts
Smoking - elevated cholesterol - diabetes - hypertension - old age - and family hx of coronary artery disease.
Spasms of the arterioles in finger/toes (digits of hands/feet may fall off). Tx: stop smoking - avoid stress & cold - use a vasodilator (calcium channel blocker). No skiing or butcher for career.
Exercise and use graduated compression devices as directed - don't stand for long period of time - to avoid dislodging blood clots don't rub or massage your legs.

7. What does plan of care include?
Elevated legs - anticoagulation therapy (aggressive: generally IV heparin) - Be alert for signs of PE.
Spasms of the arterioles in finger/toes (digits of hands/feet may fall off). Tx: stop smoking - avoid stress & cold - use a vasodilator (calcium channel blocker). No skiing or butcher for career.
Positive Homan's sign (calf tenderness on dorsiflexion of the foot).
No radial artery punctures if negative

8. What is a therapeutic digoxin level?
It is noninvasive. You must not eat - smoke - or drink alcohol for 3 hours before the test. WEAR COMFORTABLE SHOES And LOOSE LIGHTWEIGHT SHORTS OR SLACKS - YOU MAY GET AN INJECTION of THAllIUM - after your blood pressure and ECG are monitored for 10-
Constipation or MAY CAUSE ANKLES TO SWELL (call healthcare provider).
0.5-2.0 ng/ml
Crushing chest pain that lasts 30 mins or longer and may radiate to the neck - shoulders - or jaw - diaphoresis - nausea - and SOB.

9. What should you do to treat pulmonary edema?
Give furosemide (lasix) 40-60 mg IV - O2 administration - morphine sulfate 3-5 mg IV - have patient sit up with feet lowered (decreases venous return to the heart) - nitroglycerin given sublingual or IV - and rotating tourniquets (can reduce intratho
MRI is painless - you must remain still inside a small/noisy space. If you are claustrophobic you may need sedation. Remove all jewelry and other metal objects. If you have any shrapnel - a pacemaker - or any surgically implanted joints - pins - clip
It is a sterile procedure so both nurse and patient should wear a mask - arrange sterile field - remove dressing - assess the catheter insertion site for infection - put on sterile gloves - clean the site moving outwardly in a circular motion - apply
Protamine Sulfate

10. What should be taught upon discharge for someone going home on coumadin as a result of a PE?
Having the patient supine is ideal but any position is acceptable so long as in same position for each monitoring session - locate clean and dry sensor sites on the neck (in line with earlobe) and thorax (midaxillary at xiphoid process) - connect lea
Chest pain or discomfort that occurs when your heart doesn't get enough blood and oxygen. Stable: the feeling comes and goes at expected times. Unstable: the pattern of your pain has changed (longer - hurts more - etc.)
Need for follow up blood tests - Need to take oral warfarin for at least 3 months - and to reduce current risk encourage weight loss - smoking cessation - and regular exercise.
Used to detect an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This noninvasive test takes 15 to 30 mins. They apply conductive gel to your abdomen and move a transducer over abdomen to scan blood vessels. Sound waves bouncing off anatomic structures are translated in

11. What should you tell someone about taking nitroglycerin tablets (SE)?
They may feel a slight stinging under there tongue when they are dissolving - and they should get a HA (if no HA may not be good bc the pills only last for 6 months). Keep with you at all times.
Pneumothorax and will end up with chest tube to help reinflate lung.
Deep in the sternomastoid muscle - so look for pulsations in the soft tissue surrounding that area.
Assess and mark the location of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses in affected leg - wash hands and put on sterile gloves - gown - and mask - position device - check circulation and make sure good pedal pulse is present - IMMEDIATELY REPO

12. What causes essential/primary hypertension?
Idiopathic
Need for follow up blood tests - Need to take oral warfarin for at least 3 months - and to reduce current risk encourage weight loss - smoking cessation - and regular exercise.
Smoking - elevated cholesterol - diabetes - hypertension - old age - and family hx of coronary artery disease.
Elevated legs - anticoagulation therapy (aggressive: generally IV heparin) - Be alert for signs of PE.

13. What is the treatment for atrial fibrillation?
Air embolism
Direct current cardioversion and digoxin/propranolol (inderal).
Rapid ventricular rate with no relationship to atrial activity and QRS complex is wide and bizarre.
High pitched sounds like S1 and S2 (pericardial friction rubs - aortic/mitral regurgitation murmurs). DIAPH(high)ragm

14. What should be done is a patient on anticoagulants suffers from epistaxis for more than 15 mins?
Correct her and tell her that the (+) lead goes on the left and the (-) lead goes on the right side.
Posterior nasal packing to stop the blood flow. The LPN CAN DO THIS!
Rapid ventricular rate with no relationship to atrial activity and QRS complex is wide and bizarre.
Open up blood vessels

15. What is the treatment for a pt. with ventricular tachycardia?
Awake and alert: IV lidocaine bolus and drip Unconscious - hypotensive - or S&S of angina/CHF: Direct current cardioversion and IV Lidocaine bolus and drip.
An enlarged space indicates fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac.
If feel more than 3 shocks in a row or develop signs of infection at the site.
NO NSAIDS or ASA.

16. What is a good diagnosis for someone with right sided HF?
The arteries have narrowed - decreased O2 to tissues= hypoxia to cells.
Pulmonary edema
Activity intolerance
Open up blood vessels

17. What factors place you at risk for HTN?
Lung disease
No radial artery punctures if negative
BIRTH CONTROL PILL (LEADING CAUSE of HTN In YOUNG WOMEN-45=STILL YOUNG) - BLACK Male (then white male - than black female - then white female) - obesity - smoking - stress - high Na diet - lack of exercise - age - sex - race - or noncompliance.
A drop in systolic BP greater than 12 mm Hg during inspiration indicating a compromise.

18. Where is the aortic valve landmark on the chest?
Second right intercostal space
Old truck driver or someone on bed rest or with pelvic trauma.
Cardiac tamponade (fluid in pericardial space) and thickening/scarring of the pericardial sac (constrictive pericarditis and possible RHF).
This noninvasive test takes 24 hours and causes no discomfort. Electrodes are applied to your body - you need to log your activities for a 24 hour period (walking - sleeping - urinating - physical symptoms - and medications). Don't tamper with the mo

19. What should you remember while taking care of someone with a peripheral arterial occlusion?
File toe nails - if have new shoes only wear 2 hrs/day d/t neuropathy can't feel if problem. To decrease pain of claudication massage legs to increase circulation.
Direct current shock (defibrillation) and IV anti - arrhythmic drugs (lidocaine - Procainamide - and Bretylium).
NO TED HOSE - NO SHEETS/BLANKETS - NO COMPRESSION DEVICES - (TEACH NO OPEN TOES SHOES). Lambs wool is okay!
Crushing chest pain that lasts 30 mins or longer and may radiate to the neck - shoulders - or jaw - diaphoresis - nausea - and SOB.

20. Where is the tricuspid valve landmark on the chest?
For the first month post op - do not lift more than 10 or 15 lbs. And avoid excessive pushing - pulling - or twisting.
Lower left sternal border
PTT. Normal= 30 sec. If on anticoagulants it should be between 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 x the normal value. For PTT= 45-75 sec.
A monitor with four dual electrodes that are applied to the patients neck and thorax.

21. How do you prepare a patient for Impedance cardiography monitoring?
A fluid accumulation in the pericardial space that compromises cardiac function. It is considered a medical emergency and is a hemodynamic consequence of blood or excess fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. Common causes are surgical or traumat
Constipation or MAY CAUSE ANKLES TO SWELL (call healthcare provider).
Right atrium - TRICUSPID VALVE (tissue) - right ventricle - PULMONIC VALVE (paper) - lungs - left atrium - MITRAL VALVE (My) - left ventricle - AORTIC VALVE (Assets). Tissue PAPER MY ASSETS!
Having the patient supine is ideal but any position is acceptable so long as in same position for each monitoring session - locate clean and dry sensor sites on the neck (in line with earlobe) and thorax (midaxillary at xiphoid process) - connect lea

22. What should you do immediately for someone experiencing anticoagulant induced epistaxis?
(1ST) BEGIN CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (The PT. Is DYING) And NotIFY PHYSICIAN (2ND).
Don a protective gown - gloves - and goggles - call Dr - hand pt. emesis basin and raise the HOB 45* (at this angle he can spit out blood and prevent N&V/aspiration - have another nurse firmly press on his nose just below bony part (apply pressure at
The symptoms improve when the patient is sitting in upright position that promotes drainage but worsen with the client is lying down.
Protamine Sulfate

23. What are common risk factors for an MI?
Smoking - elevated cholesterol - diabetes - hypertension - old age - and family hx of coronary artery disease.
Fatigue - JVD - Increased peripheral venous pressure - ascites - anorexia/complaints of GI distress - cyanosis - and dependent edema.
Direct current shock (defibrillation) and IV anti - arrhythmic drugs (lidocaine - Procainamide - and Bretylium).
NO TED HOSE - NO SHEETS/BLANKETS - NO COMPRESSION DEVICES - (TEACH NO OPEN TOES SHOES). Lambs wool is okay!

24. If you see a NA placing a patient with DVT in sitting position with legs dependent what should you do?
A patient on sildenafil (Viagra) - Cealis - or Levitra bc these drugs together can cause very low blood pressure and heart attack.
Use sterile gloves and aseptic technique - clean skin over port with alcohol or iodine - insert a 21 or 22 gauge HUBER needle (noncoring - won't break apart) attached to syringe or tubing into the middle of the port until rigid back of port is palpab
INTERVENE: to control edema and decrease pain patient should be on bed rest with legs elevated six inches above heart level.
Fat - Air - DVT - or Amniotic

25. If 2 liters of fluid is left in the pericardial sac (cardiac tamponade) and goes untreated what could it cause?
Right sided heart failure
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure - BLOOD TINGED SPUTUM - cough - orthopnea - exertional dyspnea - cyanosis.
To inhibit thrombus and clot formation.
It is an elective procedure - where the client is awake - it is synchronized with 'QRS' - the patient is sedated - a consent form must be signed prior to - they are placed on an EKG monitor - and they are shocked with 50-200 Joules.

26. What does a swan ganz measure?
Stroke - renal or heart failure - paraplegia secondary to compromised blood flow - or death from aortic rupture.
Don a protective gown - gloves - and goggles - call Dr - hand pt. emesis basin and raise the HOB 45* (at this angle he can spit out blood and prevent N&V/aspiration - have another nurse firmly press on his nose just below bony part (apply pressure at
The right and left ventricular pressures - cardiac output - arterial venous O2 difference - and pulmonary artery pressure.
A drop in systolic BP greater than 12 mm Hg during inspiration indicating a compromise.

27. When should a patient call 911 after having an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) placed?
If you feel lightheaded - dizzy - or heart palpitations but feel no shock from the ICD.
Don a protective gown - gloves - and goggles - call Dr - hand pt. emesis basin and raise the HOB 45* (at this angle he can spit out blood and prevent N&V/aspiration - have another nurse firmly press on his nose just below bony part (apply pressure at
Maintain BED REST
Assess and mark the location of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses in affected leg - wash hands and put on sterile gloves - gown - and mask - position device - check circulation and make sure good pedal pulse is present - IMMEDIATELY REPO

28. What do calcium channel blockers do?
Pulmonary edema
A hematoma= bleeding into the soft tissue surrounding the femoral artery access site.
Open up blood vessels
(1st) Assess the client for S&S of decreased cardiac output and Notify physician (2nd).

29. What should you tell a patient who developed a hematoma in the hospital and is being discharged?
Administer 100% O2 - left trendelenburg position - heparin administered - and oral warfarin started (give heparin and warfarin together for at least 5 days).
To report to her healthcare provider if she feels a large bump in her groin - if she has groin pain unrelieved by acetaminophen - or if she develops numbness - tingling - etc. in the affected leg.
Air embolism
Using both gloved hands - apply firm pressure just above the skin puncture site and over the hematoma to compress the area. Wait at least 15 mins before removing pressure and reassessing the site. Then notify the health care provider.

30. What should you do immediately if you suspect someone of developing a hematoma?
Elevated legs - anticoagulation therapy (aggressive: generally IV heparin) - Be alert for signs of PE.
Using both gloved hands - apply firm pressure just above the skin puncture site and over the hematoma to compress the area. Wait at least 15 mins before removing pressure and reassessing the site. Then notify the health care provider.
BIRTH CONTROL PILL (LEADING CAUSE of HTN In YOUNG WOMEN-45=STILL YOUNG) - BLACK Male (then white male - than black female - then white female) - obesity - smoking - stress - high Na diet - lack of exercise - age - sex - race - or noncompliance.
Used in an emergency (Vfib/defib) - used with Vfib or Vtach - NO CARDIAC OUTPUT - client is unconscious - EKG monitor - NO CONSENT NEEDED - begin with 200 Joules and up to 360.

31. What is a transthoracic echocardiograph (TTE)?
Old truck driver or someone on bed rest or with pelvic trauma.
Right atrium - TRICUSPID VALVE (tissue) - right ventricle - PULMONIC VALVE (paper) - lungs - left atrium - MITRAL VALVE (My) - left ventricle - AORTIC VALVE (Assets). Tissue PAPER MY ASSETS!
Left sternal border
A NON INVASIVE doppler exam of the heart via the thorax to detect cardiac tamponade.

32. What should you do prior to placing cardiac monitor electrodes on the skin (4 things)?
One large emboli (smaller=better)
A clinician will perform echocardiogram guided pericardiocentesis with a needle or catheter to remove excess fluid in the pericardial sac.
Clip hair if necessary - abrade the skin (use abrader pads or fine sandpaper and lightly rub skin using 2 or 3 brisk strokes - improves tracings) - dry skin if necessary - and attach the lead wires to the electrodes before you apply them to the patie
Check for response - activate ERS - open airway head tilt chin lift - check breathing (5-10 sec) - give 2 breaths (1 sec) with visible chest rise - checks brachial pulse (5-10 sec) - locates CPR finger position - deliver 1st cycle of compressions (30

33. What is intermittent claudication?
NO because it isn't sterile so keep out.
An inflammation of the pericardium. It may result in MI.
Leg pain that is brought on by exercise and relieved by rest. It is characteristic of peripheral artery occlusion/ arterial insufficiency. It is dull or cramp like and consistently occurs in the same area of the leg and with same amount of distance.
Elevated legs - anticoagulation therapy (aggressive: generally IV heparin) - Be alert for signs of PE.

34. What makes the symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome better? Worse?
Have the patient use the val salva maneuver when the line is being removed (bear down/hold breath) to prevent air from entering where the line was and causing a PE.
Ventricular rate is regular at a rate of 40-60 bpm and there is no relationship of P waves to QRS complexes.
Hair loss - muscle mass loss - pallor when elevated - dependent rubor - and prolonged cap refill time.
The symptoms improve when the patient is sitting in upright position that promotes drainage but worsen with the client is lying down.

35. During an Allen's test don't compress one artery _____ the other.
Before
Chest pain or discomfort that occurs when your heart doesn't get enough blood and oxygen. Stable: the feeling comes and goes at expected times. Unstable: the pattern of your pain has changed (longer - hurts more - etc.)
Elevated legs - anticoagulation therapy (aggressive: generally IV heparin) - Be alert for signs of PE.
D/C the med and call the doctor.

36. What should you teach someone after they have had a pacemaker placed?

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37. What could happen without immediate intervention for a hematoma?
A drop in systolic BP greater than 12 mm Hg during inspiration indicating a compromise.
Temporary or permanent transvenous PACEMAKER INSERTION - and if the client is symptomatic and showing S&S of decreased cardiac output - GIVE ATROPINE.
The patient may suffer significant blood loss or femoral nerve compression.
Pulse before and after giving.

38. What is cardiac tamponade? Common causes?
Ventricular rate is regular at a rate of 40-60 bpm and there is no relationship of P waves to QRS complexes.
In the first 72 hours!!!!!
Stroke - renal or heart failure - paraplegia secondary to compromised blood flow - or death from aortic rupture.
A fluid accumulation in the pericardial space that compromises cardiac function. It is considered a medical emergency and is a hemodynamic consequence of blood or excess fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. Common causes are surgical or traumat

39. What does vasotec (Enalapril Maleate) do/SE?
Air answers (open junctions)
Lowers BP and makes heart beat stronger. SE: flushed face.
Aortic valve - Pulmonic valve - right ventricle - tricuspid valve - and apex or mitral valve.
A monitor with four dual electrodes that are applied to the patients neck and thorax.

40. When would a nurse use an external femoral artery compression device?
After a sheath removal to apply consistent pressure and prevent bleeding. (Ex: after swan ganz removal).
Identify the highest point of pulsation and measure from this point to the sternal angle. A measurement of greater than 3 cm= an elevated venous pressure.
Premature beats that are not preceded by a P- wave - QRS is wide and bizarre - and the T wave of the premature beat is generally large and in the opposite direction of the QRS.
D/C the med and call the doctor.

41. What are the steps for infant 1&2 rescuer CPR?
(1st) Assess the client for signs of decreased cardiac output and Notify the physician (2nd).
Elderly - hypothyroidism - renal dysfunction - dehydration - HYPOKALEMIA - hypomagnesemia - or hypercalcemia. Patients with abnormal potassium levels have a higher risk because hypokalemia makes the heart more sensitive to digoxin.
Check for response - activate ERS - open airway head tilt chin lift - check breathing (5-10 sec) - give 2 breaths (1 sec) with visible chest rise - checks brachial pulse (5-10 sec) - locates CPR finger position - deliver 1st cycle of compressions (30
Lower left sternal border

42. How is angina treated?

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43. What usually triggers angina pain?
Deep in the sternomastoid muscle - so look for pulsations in the soft tissue surrounding that area.
Have the patient use the val salva maneuver when the line is being removed (bear down/hold breath) to prevent air from entering where the line was and causing a PE.
When: using anticoagulants - liver disease - decrease in platelets (less than 150 -000) - hemophilia - using thrombolytic meds - DIC - CA - HIV - chemo - bone marrow problems - and ASA/NSAIDS.
It usually occurs when your heart is working harder (ex: exercising - eating large meal - or feeling stress. Also very hot or cold weather).

44. What are the S&S of superior vena cava syndrome?
Feeling of fullness in head - tightness around shirt collar - or rings/jewelry that suddenly seem tight - swelling in face - hands - arms - and swollen/cyanotic lips - dyspnea - coughing - hoarseness - chest pain - hemotysis - visable collateral ches
MONA=Magnesium sulfate - O2 - Nitroglycerin - Aspirin (mona has a heart so EKG also if select all that apply).
Elevated legs - anticoagulation therapy (aggressive: generally IV heparin) - Be alert for signs of PE.
Stop What they are doing - sit down and rest - if prescribed nitroglycerin tablets place one under tongue - if it still remains take another tablet in 5 mins - and if still in pain take another after an additional 5 mins - if still pain after 3 table

45. What is pericarditis?
An inflammation of the pericardium. It may result in MI.
NO NSAIDS or ASA.
It is a noninvasive test that takes 15 mins. Electrodes are applied to sites on your body. You must lie still - relax - and breathe normally and remain quiet. Talking or moving distorts the images
Rapid ventricular rate with no relationship to atrial activity and QRS complex is wide and bizarre.

46. What will be the treatment for an acute episode of life threatening tamponade?
A clinician will perform echocardiogram guided pericardiocentesis with a needle or catheter to remove excess fluid in the pericardial sac.
Right atrium - TRICUSPID VALVE (tissue) - right ventricle - PULMONIC VALVE (paper) - lungs - left atrium - MITRAL VALVE (My) - left ventricle - AORTIC VALVE (Assets). Tissue PAPER MY ASSETS!
It is a noninvasive test that takes 15 mins. Electrodes are applied to sites on your body. You must lie still - relax - and breathe normally and remain quiet. Talking or moving distorts the images
Use sterile gloves and aseptic technique - clean skin over port with alcohol or iodine - insert a 21 or 22 gauge HUBER needle (noncoring - won't break apart) attached to syringe or tubing into the middle of the port until rigid back of port is palpab

47. What are the four types of pulmonary emboli?
Fat - Air - DVT - or Amniotic
Iodine
CPR should be done. No defibrillation bc no rhythm to shock (heart already depolarized).
INTERVENE: to control edema and decrease pain patient should be on bed rest with legs elevated six inches above heart level.

48. What should be done during the insertion of both a CVP catheter and a swan ganz catheter?
A life threatening emergency that involves a tear in the aorta's intimal layer allowing blood to flow through a false lumen creating a hematoma or false aneurysm.
Trendelenburg position for insertion. Pt holds breath to prevent air from entering sinus tract.
A monitor with four dual electrodes that are applied to the patients neck and thorax.
Gently insert the oropharyngeal airway by turning it upside down (into U shape) and slide it into the mouth. As continue to insert rotate it so the ends of the U turn downward into an arch shape after it transverses the oral cavity and approaches the

49. What should you teach your patient about an abdominal ultrasonography?
BIRTH CONTROL PILL (LEADING CAUSE of HTN In YOUNG WOMEN-45=STILL YOUNG) - BLACK Male (then white male - than black female - then white female) - obesity - smoking - stress - high Na diet - lack of exercise - age - sex - race - or noncompliance.
Used to detect an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This noninvasive test takes 15 to 30 mins. They apply conductive gel to your abdomen and move a transducer over abdomen to scan blood vessels. Sound waves bouncing off anatomic structures are translated in
Limit the size of the infarction is the goal. Treatment= thrombolytic therapy (tPA) initiated within 6 hours of the first symptoms= standard treatment.
Clip hair if necessary - abrade the skin (use abrader pads or fine sandpaper and lightly rub skin using 2 or 3 brisk strokes - improves tracings) - dry skin if necessary - and attach the lead wires to the electrodes before you apply them to the patie

50. What activity should a patient with pericarditis - who is undergoing treatment - be allowed?
If you feel lightheaded - dizzy - or heart palpitations but feel no shock from the ICD.
Protamine Sulfate
Maintain BED REST
Positive Homan's sign (calf tenderness on dorsiflexion of the foot).