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Test your basic knowledge |
NCLEX Essential Concepts
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
nclex
,
health-sciences
,
nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rescue Alarm Contain Evacuate
Hypernatremia
Diffusion
RACE
Day after
2. Same osmotic pressure as in the cell Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) b. Dextrose 5% in water c. Lactated Ringer's
Infiltration
Hypovolemic shock
Patient controlled analgesia
Isotonic
3. Head lower than trunk and feet 2. Uses a. Shock - sometimes b. Prolapsed cord when mother not in hospital; Increases venous return
Heat
Trendelenburg
Osmosis
Restraints
4. Made in the adrenal cortex b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water and get rid of potassium
Chronic Pain
Lithotomy
Aldosterone
Aspirin
5. Head up 20 to 30 degrees 2. Reduces intracranial pressure; good for head injuries and craniotomies 3. Good for cervical neck surgery
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6. Cold vasoconstricts and controls bleeding and swelling 2. Local anesthetic effect 3. Intermittently applied 4. Sterile technique for open wound
Heat
Na+
Local cold
Dehydration
7. PH 7.32 2. pCO2 58 3. HCO3 32 4. pO2 60 5. Respiratory Acidosis - hypoxia 5. Causes: COPD - lung cancer
Acute Pain
Nursing care during IV infusions
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Respiratory acidosis
8. Flush daily with saline or heparin to prevent clots from forming B. Change dressing three times per week C. Check for infection D. Discard 5-10 ml when drawing blood E. In multilumen catheters use ports for designated purpose F. Valsalva's maneuver w
NSAIDS
Circulatory overload
Trendelenburg
CVL
9. Analgesic - antipyretic - anticoagulant - anti - inflammatory
Aspirin
Circulatory overload
Risk Factors for operations
Local cold
10. 22 - 29 mEq/l
Hyperkalemia
bicarbonate
Semi - Fowler's
Chronic Pain
11. Routine tasks b. Routine vital signs
Low - Fowler's
Nursing assistant
Logrolling
RACE
12. 135 - 145 mEq/l
Day after
Wheel Chair Positioning
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Na+
13. Apply heat to improve circulation and healing
Hyperkalemia
Semi - Fowler's
Trendelenburg
Day after
14. Made in the hypothalamus and stored and secreted by the posterior pituitary b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Ego integrity Vs despair
Nursing care during IV infusions
Blood Gas Values
15. Manifestations 1) Headache - flushed skin - tachycardia 2) Venous distention 3) Increased venous pressure 4) Coughing - dyspnea - cyanosis 5) Pulmonary edema b. Prevention 1) Check for preexisting heart condition 2) Monitor flow rate of solution 3) P
Hypovolemic shock
Respiratory acidosis
Circulatory overload
Heat
16. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) Weak pulse and ECG changes b. Causes 1) Potassium depleting diuretics 2) Burns 3) Diarrhea - colitis 4) Vomiting c. Management: Potassium replacement -- DO Not give Digoxin
bicarbonate
Hypokalemia
Heat
Hypertonic
17. Causative agent --> reservoir -->portal of exit --> Mode of transmission -->portal of entry-->susceptible host
Stage IV
High - Fowler's
Spread of Infection
Hypokalemia
18. Needle does not puncture dura. Spinal headache unlikely. 2. Once sensation and motion return patient may be in any position that is satisfactory for the procedure.
Respiratory acidosis
Epidural anesthetic
Narcotic analgesics
Superficial thrombophlebitis
19. VS - LOC - Skin color - IV infusions - Drainage Tubes - Dressings - DB & C-h
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Infiltration
Immediate Post - Op Care
Side - lying
20. Apply cold to prevent swelling - bleeding and relive pain
Shock
Day of Injury
Side - lying
Semi - Fowler's
21. Inadequate blood supply to the vital organs: the brain - heart and kidneys; inadequate circulating volume. Manifestations A. Pulse pressure decreases B. Blood pressure deceases C. Urine output decreases (ADH and Aldosterone) D. Pulse increases E. Res
Patient controlled analgesia
Medications for perioperative
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Shock
22. Can do sterile procedures b. Can give medications except IV meds
Air embolism
Wheel Chair Positioning
RACE
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
23. PH 7.35-7.45 2. pCO2 = 35 - 45 3. pO2 = 80 - 100 4. HCO3 = 22 - 26
Osmosis
Stage IV
Prone
Blood Gas Values
24. 85 - 115 mEq/l
Wheel Chair Positioning
Trendelenburg
Stage IV
Cl
25. Professional negligence - misconduct - or unreasonable lack of skill resulting in injury or loss to the recipient of the professional services.
Malpractice
Lithotomy
Circulatory overload
Spinal anesthetic
26. Caused by a decrease in peripheral resistance - vasoconstriction
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Osmotic pressure
Spinal anesthetic
Standard (Universal) Precautions
27. A decrease in total blood volume such as hemorrhage - transfusions
Aspirin
K+
Trendelenburg
Hypovolemic shock
28. Needle punctures dura and cerebral spinal fluid lost. 2. Patient at risk for spinal headache.
Bacteremia
Stage I
Spinal anesthetic
Prone
29. Higher osmotic pressure than blood serum; causes cells to shrink; pulls fluid out of cells into blood stream a. Dextrose 5% or higher in saline b. Dextrose stronger than 5% in water c. Albumin
Negligence
Hypertonic
Acetaminophen
Cardiogenic Shock
30. Weight bearing is necessary to keep calcium in the bones 2. Calcium leaving bones may increase risk of kidney stone
Day after
Sterile Field
Loss of bone density
Stage II
31. Fluid balance - acid - base - nerve conduction a. Causes 1) Increased perspiration 2) Drinking only tap water 3) GI losses: diarrhea - vomiting - suction 4) Diuretics b - Manifestations 1) Confusion 2) Hypotension 3) Oliguria 4) Muscle weakness 5) Co
Immediate Post - Op Care
Heat
Sterile Field
Hyponatremia
32. A generalized reaction to contaminated equipment or solutions a. Manifestations 1) Chills and fever 30-60 minutes after start of infusion 2) Flushing - sudden pulse increase 3) Backache - headache 4) Nausea - vomiting 5) Hypotension - vascular collap
Bacteremia
Sterile Field
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Day of Injury
33. Decision maker b. Can do complex procedures c. Can give medications via all routes that nurses can give meds d. Is best person for teaching e. Coordinates care f. Performs admission assessments
Day after
Trendelenburg
Registered Nurse
Low - Fowler's
34. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) ECG changes b. Causes 1) Renal failure 2) Acidosis c. Management 1) Kayexalate by mouth or retention enema - reduces serum potassium 2) Insulin and glucose IV
Hypernatremia
Hyperkalemia
Air embolism
Circulatory overload
35. Caused by poor heart action.- drugs that make heart beat more effectively
Osmotic pressure
Air embolism
Logrolling
Cardiogenic Shock
36. Movement of fluid from lower to higher concentration. Across semipermeable membrane; high concentration of glucose
Day after
Osmosis
Air embolism
Acute Pain
37. On left side with lower arm behind the back 2. Good position for administering enema
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38. Head at 90 degrees 2. Used for persons with COPD
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39. Sheet between patient and cooling blanket b. Prevent skin damage c. Change position frequently d. No shivering: Muscle relaxant may be given if patient shivering
Informed consent
Hypotonic
Hypernatremia
Cooling blanket
40. Full thickness skin loss with severe destruction - necrosis - or damage to muscles - bone - or supporting structures
Osmosis
Metabolic acidosis
Stage IV
Standard (Universal) Precautions
41. Less osmotic pressure than blood serum - hydrates cells a. Tap water b. Sodium chloride less than 0.9%
Hypokalemia
Na+
Circulatory overload
Hypotonic
42. Emergency care can be given to stabilize patient who is not able to give consent. 2. Age of majority is eighteen 3. Unconscious adults need permission for care by parents or spouse if married. 4. Persons who are not alert or have been given mind alte
Circulatory overload
Sponge bath
CVL
Informed consent
43. Dispose of sharps in puncture - resistant containers B. Do not recap used needles C. Wear protective barriers (gloves - gowns - masks - eyewear) when at risk for exposure to body fluids D. Clean blood spills with soap and water or household bleach 1:
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Metabolic alkalosis
Day after
Restraints
44. Partial thickness loss of skin involving epidermis and/or part of dermis
Prone
Stage II
Trendelenburg
Spread of Infection
45. PH 7.52 2. pCO2 30 3. HCO3 20 4. Cause: hyperventilation; rebreathe CO2
Respiratory alkalosis
Spinal anesthetic
Cl
Day after
46. Extracellular fluid volume deficit 1. Causes: Loosing more fluid than is taken in a. Vomiting b. Diarrhea c. Diuretics d. Increased respirations e. Insufficient I.V. fluid replacement or PO 2. Manifestations a. Weight loss b. Poor skin turgor c. Dry
Heat
Dehydration
Modified Trendelenburg
Sponge bath
47. On the person's back 2. Maintains alignment
Supine
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Cardiogenic Shock
Trendelenburg
48. On the person's abdomen 2. Prevents hip flexion contractures
Narcotic analgesics
Immediate Post - Op Care
Hypernatremia
Prone
49. Obesity B. Aging - plus recovery C. Concomitant diseases 1. Cardiovascular a. Danger of congestive failure - avoid fluid overload b. Avoid prolonged immobilization as it may cause venous stasis c. Encourage change of position; avoid sudden exertion 2
High - Fowler's
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Risk Factors for operations
Immediate Post - Op Care
50. Follow physician's orders B. Do not apply without order except in emergency C. Use least restraint possible D. Each unit should have a written protocol E. Check patient frequently for safety F. Loosen restraints every 2 hours G. Do not use as punishm
Blood pressure
Cardiogenic Shock
Aspirin
Restraints
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