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Test your basic knowledge |
NCLEX Essential Concepts
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
nclex
,
health-sciences
,
nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Acts by blocking opiate receptors in the brain 2. Used to treat: a. Opiate induced respiratory depression b. Opiate overdose 3. Side effects: a. Withdrawal symptoms in addicted persons b. Return of pain 4. Drug is rapid acting; narcotic may last long
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory acidosis
Cardiogenic Shock
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
2. Lasts more than 6 months B. Appears to serve no useful purpose C. May persist after injury heals D. No autonomic nervous system symptoms
Bacteremia
Circulatory overload
Chronic Pain
Standard (Universal) Precautions
3. Rescue Alarm Contain Evacuate
Osmosis
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
RACE
Respiratory acidosis
4. Weight bearing is necessary to keep calcium in the bones 2. Calcium leaving bones may increase risk of kidney stone
Loss of bone density
Shock
Patient controlled analgesia
Cl
5. Manifestations 1) Hypotension - cyanosis - tachycardia 2) Increased venous pressure - loss of consciousness b. Prevention 1) Run fluid through tubing and needle or catheter to force air out before starting infusion 2) When using glass bottle - change
Spread of Infection
Metabolic alkalosis
Cooling blanket
Air embolism
6. VS - LOC - Skin color - IV infusions - Drainage Tubes - Dressings - DB & C-h
Ego integrity Vs despair
Shock
Immediate Post - Op Care
Chronic Pain
7. Decision maker b. Can do complex procedures c. Can give medications via all routes that nurses can give meds d. Is best person for teaching e. Coordinates care f. Performs admission assessments
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Ego integrity Vs despair
Prone
Registered Nurse
8. Analgesics - antipyretic - small anticoagulation
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Sim's
Acetaminophen
9. Extracellular volume excess 1. Causes a. Too many I.V. fluids too quickly b. Decreased kidney or heart function 2. Manifestations a. Cough - dyspnea - rales - tachypnea b. Increased blood pressure c. Increased CVP d. Neck vein distention e. Tachycard
Hyponatremia
Low - Fowler's
Circulatory overload
Stage IV
10. Needle punctures dura and cerebral spinal fluid lost. 2. Patient at risk for spinal headache.
Spinal anesthetic
Na+
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Stage I
11. Partial thickness loss of skin involving epidermis and/or part of dermis
Stage II
Local cold
Air embolism
Hypovolemic shock
12. Head at 90 degrees 2. Used for persons with COPD
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13. Short duration B. Serves as a warning C. Subsides as healing occurs D. Autonomic nervous system symptoms frequently present
Wheel Chair Positioning
Hyperkalemia
Sim's
Acute Pain
14. Lukewarm or tepid water b. Compresses on wrists - ankles - armpits - or groin to speed cooling c. Prevent shivering
Blood pressure
Bacteremia
Sponge bath
Metabolic alkalosis
15. Patient pushes button and receives IV analgesia 2. Device has preset dose and frequency limits 3. Nurse must instruct patient in use of device 4. Nurse must continue to assess patient for a. Pain b. Pain relief c. Side effects (vital signs) 5. Studie
Patient controlled analgesia
Lithotomy
Respiratory acidosis
Medications for perioperative
16. PH 7.52 2. pCO2 52 3. HCO3 34 4. Cause: Vomiting; excessive diuresis
Sim's
Logrolling
Metabolic alkalosis
Hypernatremia
17. Higher osmotic pressure than blood serum; causes cells to shrink; pulls fluid out of cells into blood stream a. Dextrose 5% or higher in saline b. Dextrose stronger than 5% in water c. Albumin
Spread of Infection
Registered Nurse
Hypertonic
Supine
18. Fluid balance - acid - base - nerve conduction a. Causes 1) Increased perspiration 2) Drinking only tap water 3) GI losses: diarrhea - vomiting - suction 4) Diuretics b - Manifestations 1) Confusion 2) Hypotension 3) Oliguria 4) Muscle weakness 5) Co
Chronic Pain
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Sim's
Hyponatremia
19. Cold vasoconstricts and controls bleeding and swelling 2. Local anesthetic effect 3. Intermittently applied 4. Sterile technique for open wound
Isotonic
Metabolic acidosis
Local cold
Spread of Infection
20. Professional negligence - misconduct - or unreasonable lack of skill resulting in injury or loss to the recipient of the professional services.
Malpractice
Aspirin
Sponge bath
Acute Pain
21. Physiologic needs b. Safety and security c. Love and belonging d. Self esteem e. Self actualization 2. Keep them breathing; keep them safe
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22. Movement of particles from higher to lower concentration
Epidural anesthetic
Day after
Dehydration
Diffusion
23. Needle does not puncture dura. Spinal headache unlikely. 2. Once sensation and motion return patient may be in any position that is satisfactory for the procedure.
Acetaminophen
Cooling blanket
Epidural anesthetic
Prone
24. Causes 1) Decreased water intake 2) Increased sodium intake 3) Impaired renal function b. Manifestations 1) Edema 2) Dry - sticky mucous membranes 3) Thirst 4) Elevated temp. 5) Flushed skin c. Management: Give water
Hypernatremia
Metabolic alkalosis
Bacteremia
Immediate Post - Op Care
25. Patient on side 2. Prevents aspiration when patient is not fully alert
K+
Side - lying
Sim's
bicarbonate
26. Manifestations 1) Headache - flushed skin - tachycardia 2) Venous distention 3) Increased venous pressure 4) Coughing - dyspnea - cyanosis 5) Pulmonary edema b. Prevention 1) Check for preexisting heart condition 2) Monitor flow rate of solution 3) P
Circulatory overload
Hypotonic
Epidural anesthetic
Wheel Chair Positioning
27. A decrease in total blood volume such as hemorrhage - transfusions
Circulatory overload
Lithotomy
Hypovolemic shock
Narcotic analgesics
28. On left side with lower arm behind the back 2. Good position for administering enema
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29. Adjust to retirement C. Adjust to loss of friends - family D. View own death as appropriate outcome of life
Stage IV
Ego integrity Vs despair
Negligence
Day after
30. Full thickness skin loss involving subcutaneous damage or necrosis
Acetaminophen
Supine
Sponge bath
Stage III
31. Full thickness skin loss with severe destruction - necrosis - or damage to muscles - bone - or supporting structures
Stage IV
Immediate Post - Op Care
K+
Na+
32. Manifestations 1) Tenderness and pain in vein 2) Edema and redness at site 3) Warmth b. Management 1) Cold compresses immediately to relieve pain and inflammation 2) Follow with moist warm compresses to stimulate circulation and promote absorption
Nursing assistant
Wheel Chair Positioning
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Prone
33. Emergency care can be given to stabilize patient who is not able to give consent. 2. Age of majority is eighteen 3. Unconscious adults need permission for care by parents or spouse if married. 4. Persons who are not alert or have been given mind alte
Metabolic alkalosis
Ego integrity Vs despair
Informed consent
Cardiogenic Shock
34. Head and trunk flat with legs elevated 2. Preferred for shock 3. Increases venous return without putting pressure on the diaphragm
Modified Trendelenburg
CVL
RACE
Aldosterone
35. Made in the hypothalamus and stored and secreted by the posterior pituitary b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water
Isotonic
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
bicarbonate
36. Made in the adrenal cortex b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water and get rid of potassium
Medications for perioperative
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
CVL
Aldosterone
37. PH 7.52 2. pCO2 30 3. HCO3 20 4. Cause: hyperventilation; rebreathe CO2
Trendelenburg
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Respiratory alkalosis
Stage IV
38. Changes in color:( red - blue - purple) - temperature changes - and skin stiffness
Cl
Ego integrity Vs despair
Day of Injury
Stage I
39. Dispose of sharps in puncture - resistant containers B. Do not recap used needles C. Wear protective barriers (gloves - gowns - masks - eyewear) when at risk for exposure to body fluids D. Clean blood spills with soap and water or household bleach 1:
Spread of Infection
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Restraints
Dehydration
40. Causative agent --> reservoir -->portal of exit --> Mode of transmission -->portal of entry-->susceptible host
Spread of Infection
Metabolic alkalosis
Day of Injury
Osmosis
41. Head up 20 to 30 degrees 2. Reduces intracranial pressure; good for head injuries and craniotomies 3. Good for cervical neck surgery
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42. 85 - 115 mEq/l
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Cl
NSAIDS
Respiratory acidosis
43. Patient is moved all at once so there is no twisting of spine B. One person moves the head and shoulders C. Second person moves the feet and legs at the same time D. Turning sheet may be helpful E. Place the bed in a high position to promote good bod
Nursing assistant
Logrolling
Sim's
Sterile Field
44. 22 - 29 mEq/l
Restraints
High - Fowler's
bicarbonate
Ego integrity Vs despair
45. Less osmotic pressure than blood serum - hydrates cells a. Tap water b. Sodium chloride less than 0.9%
Hypertonic
Sim's
Restraints
Hypotonic
46. Head lower than trunk and feet 2. Uses a. Shock - sometimes b. Prolapsed cord when mother not in hospital; Increases venous return
Cooling blanket
Trendelenburg
Restraints
Nursing assistant
47. The pressure demonstrated when a solvent moves through the semipermeable membrane from weaker to stronger concentrations
Osmotic pressure
Logrolling
High - Fowler's
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
48. 135 - 145 mEq/l
K+
Na+
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Epidural anesthetic
49. Obesity B. Aging - plus recovery C. Concomitant diseases 1. Cardiovascular a. Danger of congestive failure - avoid fluid overload b. Avoid prolonged immobilization as it may cause venous stasis c. Encourage change of position; avoid sudden exertion 2
Osmosis
Risk Factors for operations
Day after
bicarbonate
50. Can do sterile procedures b. Can give medications except IV meds
Medications for perioperative
Local cold
Cardiogenic Shock
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)