SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
NCLEX Essential Concepts
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
nclex
,
health-sciences
,
nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Causes 1) Decreased water intake 2) Increased sodium intake 3) Impaired renal function b. Manifestations 1) Edema 2) Dry - sticky mucous membranes 3) Thirst 4) Elevated temp. 5) Flushed skin c. Management: Give water
K+
Na+
Wheel Chair Positioning
Hypernatremia
2. Glaucoma and cataracts (lens becomes opaque) occur frequently 2. Presbyopia (farsightedness of aging) occurs in almost all persons as they age Difficulty seeing in dim light due to loss of light responsiveness Presbycussis: progressive hearing loss a
Air embolism
Immediate Post - Op Care
Logrolling
Changes during aging
3. Needle does not puncture dura. Spinal headache unlikely. 2. Once sensation and motion return patient may be in any position that is satisfactory for the procedure.
Malpractice
Side - lying
Epidural anesthetic
Nursing care during IV infusions
4. Act by altering perception of and response to pain 2. Act on the central nervous system 3. Adverse reactions a. Depress respirations b. Decrease alertness c. Decrease coughing d. Decrease blood pressure and pulse e. Slow peristalsis f. Constrict pupi
Circulatory overload
Narcotic analgesics
Spread of Infection
Air embolism
5. Routine tasks b. Routine vital signs
Day of Injury
Loss of bone density
Nursing care during IV infusions
Nursing assistant
6. Place the wheel chair on the patient's strong side B. Position the open part of the chair toward the foot of the bed. C. Have patient stand on strong foot and pivot - then sit in chair
Day after
Wheel Chair Positioning
Registered Nurse
Risk Factors for operations
7. Anticoagulants predispose to hemorrhage; discontinue 1-2 weeks before surgery 2. Aminoglycosides (streptomycin - gentamicin) can cause neuromuscular blockade. Anesthesiologist must know. 3. Diuretics may cause electrolyte imbalances and respiratory d
Modified Trendelenburg
Circulatory overload
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Medications for perioperative
8. Acts of both omission and commission. 2. Failure to provide care that a reasonably prudent heath care professional would provide in the given circumstances. 3. Failure to provide care that meets the accepted standards of care - or giving care that re
CVL
Negligence
Side - lying
Low - Fowler's
9. Fluid balance - acid - base - nerve conduction a. Causes 1) Increased perspiration 2) Drinking only tap water 3) GI losses: diarrhea - vomiting - suction 4) Diuretics b - Manifestations 1) Confusion 2) Hypotension 3) Oliguria 4) Muscle weakness 5) Co
Chronic Pain
Loss of bone density
Semi - Fowler's
Hyponatremia
10. Head and trunk flat with legs elevated 2. Preferred for shock 3. Increases venous return without putting pressure on the diaphragm
Hypovolemic shock
Supine
Circulatory overload
Modified Trendelenburg
11. Head up 20 to 30 degrees 2. Reduces intracranial pressure; good for head injuries and craniotomies 3. Good for cervical neck surgery
12. Full thickness skin loss involving subcutaneous damage or necrosis
Stage III
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Heat
Metabolic acidosis
13. Higher osmotic pressure than blood serum; causes cells to shrink; pulls fluid out of cells into blood stream a. Dextrose 5% or higher in saline b. Dextrose stronger than 5% in water c. Albumin
Hypertonic
Epidural anesthetic
Nursing assistant
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
14. Causative agent --> reservoir -->portal of exit --> Mode of transmission -->portal of entry-->susceptible host
Cardiogenic Shock
Stage III
Spread of Infection
Respiratory acidosis
15. VS - LOC - Skin color - IV infusions - Drainage Tubes - Dressings - DB & C-h
Negligence
Hypotonic
Immediate Post - Op Care
Changes during aging
16. 3.5 - 5.5 mEq/l
Nursing assistant
Heat
K+
Superficial thrombophlebitis
17. Caused by a decrease in peripheral resistance - vasoconstriction
Registered Nurse
Cardiogenic Shock
Sim's
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
18. Rescue Alarm Contain Evacuate
Narcotic analgesics
RACE
K+
Circulatory overload
19. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) ECG changes b. Causes 1) Renal failure 2) Acidosis c. Management 1) Kayexalate by mouth or retention enema - reduces serum potassium 2) Insulin and glucose IV
Hyperkalemia
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Day of Injury
Stage I
20. Patient is moved all at once so there is no twisting of spine B. One person moves the head and shoulders C. Second person moves the feet and legs at the same time D. Turning sheet may be helpful E. Place the bed in a high position to promote good bod
Osmosis
bicarbonate
High - Fowler's
Logrolling
21. Inadequate blood supply to the vital organs: the brain - heart and kidneys; inadequate circulating volume. Manifestations A. Pulse pressure decreases B. Blood pressure deceases C. Urine output decreases (ADH and Aldosterone) D. Pulse increases E. Res
Circulatory overload
NSAIDS
Na+
Shock
22. PH 7.52 2. pCO2 30 3. HCO3 20 4. Cause: hyperventilation; rebreathe CO2
Respiratory alkalosis
Malpractice
CVL
Circulatory overload
23. Lasts more than 6 months B. Appears to serve no useful purpose C. May persist after injury heals D. No autonomic nervous system symptoms
Nursing care during IV infusions
Aspirin
Infiltration
Chronic Pain
24. A generalized reaction to contaminated equipment or solutions a. Manifestations 1) Chills and fever 30-60 minutes after start of infusion 2) Flushing - sudden pulse increase 3) Backache - headache 4) Nausea - vomiting 5) Hypotension - vascular collap
Hypokalemia
Bacteremia
Air embolism
Day after
25. On the person's abdomen 2. Prevents hip flexion contractures
Prone
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
K+
Ego integrity Vs despair
26. 135 - 145 mEq/l
Osmotic pressure
Sponge bath
Lithotomy
Na+
27. Manifestations 1) Headache - flushed skin - tachycardia 2) Venous distention 3) Increased venous pressure 4) Coughing - dyspnea - cyanosis 5) Pulmonary edema b. Prevention 1) Check for preexisting heart condition 2) Monitor flow rate of solution 3) P
Sim's
Wheel Chair Positioning
Circulatory overload
Lithotomy
28. Acts by blocking opiate receptors in the brain 2. Used to treat: a. Opiate induced respiratory depression b. Opiate overdose 3. Side effects: a. Withdrawal symptoms in addicted persons b. Return of pain 4. Drug is rapid acting; narcotic may last long
Heat
Aspirin
Nursing care during IV infusions
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
29. The pressure demonstrated when a solvent moves through the semipermeable membrane from weaker to stronger concentrations
Narcotic analgesics
Medications for perioperative
Ego integrity Vs despair
Osmotic pressure
30. Can do sterile procedures b. Can give medications except IV meds
Lithotomy
Dehydration
K+
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
31. Head at 90 degrees 2. Used for persons with COPD
32. Made in the hypothalamus and stored and secreted by the posterior pituitary b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water
Logrolling
bicarbonate
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Aldosterone
33. Full thickness skin loss with severe destruction - necrosis - or damage to muscles - bone - or supporting structures
CVL
Aspirin
Spread of Infection
Stage IV
34. Legs up in stirrups 2. Uses a. Gyn exams b. Perineal surgery 3. Increases risk of venous stasis and deep vein thrombophlebitis
Lithotomy
Sponge bath
Heat
Registered Nurse
35. Movement of particles from higher to lower concentration
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Diffusion
Blood pressure
Sponge bath
36. Weight bearing is necessary to keep calcium in the bones 2. Calcium leaving bones may increase risk of kidney stone
Narcotic analgesics
Negligence
Logrolling
Loss of bone density
37. Analgesics - antipyretic - small anticoagulation
Cooling blanket
Acetaminophen
Logrolling
Stage IV
38. Apply cold to prevent swelling - bleeding and relive pain
Day of Injury
Stage II
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Malpractice
39. Purposes 1. Relaxes muscle spasm 2. Softens exudate for removal 3. Vasodilates; hastens healing 4. Localizes infection 5. Reduces congestion 6. Relaxes - comforts
Heat
Blood Gas Values
Circulatory overload
Day after
40. Patient pushes button and receives IV analgesia 2. Device has preset dose and frequency limits 3. Nurse must instruct patient in use of device 4. Nurse must continue to assess patient for a. Pain b. Pain relief c. Side effects (vital signs) 5. Studie
Cooling blanket
Hyperkalemia
Circulatory overload
Patient controlled analgesia
41. Analgesic - antipyretic - anticoagulant - anti - inflammatory
Aspirin
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Cl
Day after
42. Physiologic needs b. Safety and security c. Love and belonging d. Self esteem e. Self actualization 2. Keep them breathing; keep them safe
43. Changes in color:( red - blue - purple) - temperature changes - and skin stiffness
Respiratory alkalosis
Malpractice
Stage I
Cooling blanket
44. Manifestations 1) Hypotension - cyanosis - tachycardia 2) Increased venous pressure - loss of consciousness b. Prevention 1) Run fluid through tubing and needle or catheter to force air out before starting infusion 2) When using glass bottle - change
Hypotonic
Malpractice
Air embolism
Acetaminophen
45. When opening a sterile package open the first flap away from you B. Never turn your back on a sterile field C. Avoid talking D. Keep all objects within vies; below the waist is not a sterile field. E. Moisture carries organisms through a barrier F. O
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Sterile Field
Metabolic acidosis
Cl
46. Same osmotic pressure as in the cell Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) b. Dextrose 5% in water c. Lactated Ringer's
Semi - Fowler's
Isotonic
Nursing assistant
Hyperkalemia
47. Decision maker b. Can do complex procedures c. Can give medications via all routes that nurses can give meds d. Is best person for teaching e. Coordinates care f. Performs admission assessments
Registered Nurse
Circulatory overload
Local cold
Metabolic alkalosis
48. Professional negligence - misconduct - or unreasonable lack of skill resulting in injury or loss to the recipient of the professional services.
Malpractice
Registered Nurse
Infiltration
Immediate Post - Op Care
49. Made in the adrenal cortex b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water and get rid of potassium
Blood Gas Values
Sponge bath
Respiratory acidosis
Aldosterone
50. PH 7.32 2. pCO2 58 3. HCO3 32 4. pO2 60 5. Respiratory Acidosis - hypoxia 5. Causes: COPD - lung cancer
Nursing assistant
Respiratory acidosis
Modified Trendelenburg
Immediate Post - Op Care