SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
NCLEX Essential Concepts
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
nclex
,
health-sciences
,
nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Higher osmotic pressure than blood serum; causes cells to shrink; pulls fluid out of cells into blood stream a. Dextrose 5% or higher in saline b. Dextrose stronger than 5% in water c. Albumin
Hypertonic
Shock
Cooling blanket
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
2. Anticoagulants predispose to hemorrhage; discontinue 1-2 weeks before surgery 2. Aminoglycosides (streptomycin - gentamicin) can cause neuromuscular blockade. Anesthesiologist must know. 3. Diuretics may cause electrolyte imbalances and respiratory d
Prone
Informed consent
Medications for perioperative
Diffusion
3. Purposes 1. Relaxes muscle spasm 2. Softens exudate for removal 3. Vasodilates; hastens healing 4. Localizes infection 5. Reduces congestion 6. Relaxes - comforts
Heat
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Cooling blanket
Acute Pain
4. On left side with lower arm behind the back 2. Good position for administering enema
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
5. Head at 90 degrees 2. Used for persons with COPD
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
6. Patient pushes button and receives IV analgesia 2. Device has preset dose and frequency limits 3. Nurse must instruct patient in use of device 4. Nurse must continue to assess patient for a. Pain b. Pain relief c. Side effects (vital signs) 5. Studie
Hypernatremia
NSAIDS
Patient controlled analgesia
Day of Injury
7. Patient on side 2. Prevents aspiration when patient is not fully alert
Metabolic alkalosis
Sponge bath
Side - lying
Nursing care during IV infusions
8. VS - LOC - Skin color - IV infusions - Drainage Tubes - Dressings - DB & C-h
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Stage IV
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Immediate Post - Op Care
9. Dislodging of needle causes fluid to infiltrate tissues a. Manifestations 1) Edema - blanching - puffiness on under surface of arm 2) Discomfort 3) Slow drip rate 4) Cool to the touch 5) Necrosis and sloughing of tissue with certain drugs (Levophed)
Supine
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Infiltration
CVL
10. Flush daily with saline or heparin to prevent clots from forming B. Change dressing three times per week C. Check for infection D. Discard 5-10 ml when drawing blood E. In multilumen catheters use ports for designated purpose F. Valsalva's maneuver w
Sponge bath
bicarbonate
CVL
Spread of Infection
11. Lukewarm or tepid water b. Compresses on wrists - ankles - armpits - or groin to speed cooling c. Prevent shivering
Sponge bath
Metabolic acidosis
Nursing assistant
Diffusion
12. Head lower than trunk and feet 2. Uses a. Shock - sometimes b. Prolapsed cord when mother not in hospital; Increases venous return
Trendelenburg
Blood Gas Values
bicarbonate
Risk Factors for operations
13. Acts of both omission and commission. 2. Failure to provide care that a reasonably prudent heath care professional would provide in the given circumstances. 3. Failure to provide care that meets the accepted standards of care - or giving care that re
Patient controlled analgesia
Circulatory overload
Low - Fowler's
Negligence
14. Fluid balance - acid - base - nerve conduction a. Causes 1) Increased perspiration 2) Drinking only tap water 3) GI losses: diarrhea - vomiting - suction 4) Diuretics b - Manifestations 1) Confusion 2) Hypotension 3) Oliguria 4) Muscle weakness 5) Co
Local cold
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Negligence
Hyponatremia
15. Routine tasks b. Routine vital signs
Isotonic
Cardiogenic Shock
Nursing assistant
Restraints
16. Analgesic - antipyretic - anticoagulant - anti - inflammatory
Osmotic pressure
Aspirin
Osmosis
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
17. Professional negligence - misconduct - or unreasonable lack of skill resulting in injury or loss to the recipient of the professional services.
Malpractice
Sterile Field
Medications for perioperative
Hypovolemic shock
18. Analgesics - antipyretic - small anticoagulation
Aspirin
Acetaminophen
Spinal anesthetic
K+
19. Manifestations 1) Tenderness and pain in vein 2) Edema and redness at site 3) Warmth b. Management 1) Cold compresses immediately to relieve pain and inflammation 2) Follow with moist warm compresses to stimulate circulation and promote absorption
CVL
Side - lying
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Malpractice
20. When opening a sterile package open the first flap away from you B. Never turn your back on a sterile field C. Avoid talking D. Keep all objects within vies; below the waist is not a sterile field. E. Moisture carries organisms through a barrier F. O
Aspirin
Blood Gas Values
Sterile Field
Hypokalemia
21. A decrease in total blood volume such as hemorrhage - transfusions
Hypovolemic shock
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Local cold
Air embolism
22. 85 - 115 mEq/l
Blood pressure
Cl
Cooling blanket
Infiltration
23. Cold vasoconstricts and controls bleeding and swelling 2. Local anesthetic effect 3. Intermittently applied 4. Sterile technique for open wound
Local cold
Sponge bath
Hypokalemia
Metabolic acidosis
24. Inadequate blood supply to the vital organs: the brain - heart and kidneys; inadequate circulating volume. Manifestations A. Pulse pressure decreases B. Blood pressure deceases C. Urine output decreases (ADH and Aldosterone) D. Pulse increases E. Res
Cooling blanket
Negligence
Shock
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
25. Act by altering perception of and response to pain 2. Act on the central nervous system 3. Adverse reactions a. Depress respirations b. Decrease alertness c. Decrease coughing d. Decrease blood pressure and pulse e. Slow peristalsis f. Constrict pupi
Blood pressure
Spread of Infection
Narcotic analgesics
RACE
26. Changes in color:( red - blue - purple) - temperature changes - and skin stiffness
Sim's
Risk Factors for operations
Stage I
RACE
27. Apply cold to prevent swelling - bleeding and relive pain
Immediate Post - Op Care
Day of Injury
Trendelenburg
Respiratory acidosis
28. On the person's back 2. Maintains alignment
Low - Fowler's
Supine
Sim's
Epidural anesthetic
29. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) Weak pulse and ECG changes b. Causes 1) Potassium depleting diuretics 2) Burns 3) Diarrhea - colitis 4) Vomiting c. Management: Potassium replacement -- DO Not give Digoxin
Local cold
Hypokalemia
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Day after
30. Can do sterile procedures b. Can give medications except IV meds
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Lithotomy
Na+
Diffusion
31. Manifestations 1) Headache - flushed skin - tachycardia 2) Venous distention 3) Increased venous pressure 4) Coughing - dyspnea - cyanosis 5) Pulmonary edema b. Prevention 1) Check for preexisting heart condition 2) Monitor flow rate of solution 3) P
Respiratory acidosis
Circulatory overload
Sponge bath
Blood pressure
32. Acts by blocking opiate receptors in the brain 2. Used to treat: a. Opiate induced respiratory depression b. Opiate overdose 3. Side effects: a. Withdrawal symptoms in addicted persons b. Return of pain 4. Drug is rapid acting; narcotic may last long
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Spread of Infection
Nursing care during IV infusions
Side - lying
33. Follow physician's orders B. Do not apply without order except in emergency C. Use least restraint possible D. Each unit should have a written protocol E. Check patient frequently for safety F. Loosen restraints every 2 hours G. Do not use as punishm
Cl
Negligence
Restraints
Side - lying
34. Full thickness skin loss involving subcutaneous damage or necrosis
Blood Gas Values
Nursing assistant
Registered Nurse
Stage III
35. Lasts more than 6 months B. Appears to serve no useful purpose C. May persist after injury heals D. No autonomic nervous system symptoms
Chronic Pain
Changes during aging
Malpractice
Hypokalemia
36. Caused by a decrease in peripheral resistance - vasoconstriction
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Sponge bath
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Patient controlled analgesia
37. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) ECG changes b. Causes 1) Renal failure 2) Acidosis c. Management 1) Kayexalate by mouth or retention enema - reduces serum potassium 2) Insulin and glucose IV
CVL
Hyperkalemia
Low - Fowler's
Medications for perioperative
38. Obesity B. Aging - plus recovery C. Concomitant diseases 1. Cardiovascular a. Danger of congestive failure - avoid fluid overload b. Avoid prolonged immobilization as it may cause venous stasis c. Encourage change of position; avoid sudden exertion 2
Medications for perioperative
Risk Factors for operations
Acetaminophen
Negligence
39. Sheet between patient and cooling blanket b. Prevent skin damage c. Change position frequently d. No shivering: Muscle relaxant may be given if patient shivering
Cooling blanket
Respiratory acidosis
Stage II
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
40. Causes 1) Decreased water intake 2) Increased sodium intake 3) Impaired renal function b. Manifestations 1) Edema 2) Dry - sticky mucous membranes 3) Thirst 4) Elevated temp. 5) Flushed skin c. Management: Give water
RACE
Heat
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Hypernatremia
41. Partial thickness loss of skin involving epidermis and/or part of dermis
Circulatory overload
Stage II
Blood pressure
Bacteremia
42. Head and trunk flat with legs elevated 2. Preferred for shock 3. Increases venous return without putting pressure on the diaphragm
Modified Trendelenburg
Stage II
Infiltration
Trendelenburg
43. Weight bearing is necessary to keep calcium in the bones 2. Calcium leaving bones may increase risk of kidney stone
Shock
Loss of bone density
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Stage I
44. Extracellular volume excess 1. Causes a. Too many I.V. fluids too quickly b. Decreased kidney or heart function 2. Manifestations a. Cough - dyspnea - rales - tachypnea b. Increased blood pressure c. Increased CVP d. Neck vein distention e. Tachycard
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Negligence
Circulatory overload
45. Causative agent --> reservoir -->portal of exit --> Mode of transmission -->portal of entry-->susceptible host
Chronic Pain
Metabolic acidosis
Negligence
Spread of Infection
46. Movement of fluid from lower to higher concentration. Across semipermeable membrane; high concentration of glucose
Osmosis
Restraints
Circulatory overload
Metabolic acidosis
47. 3.5 - 5.5 mEq/l
K+
Modified Trendelenburg
Hypertonic
Low - Fowler's
48. Dispose of sharps in puncture - resistant containers B. Do not recap used needles C. Wear protective barriers (gloves - gowns - masks - eyewear) when at risk for exposure to body fluids D. Clean blood spills with soap and water or household bleach 1:
bicarbonate
Sponge bath
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Superficial thrombophlebitis
49. On the person's abdomen 2. Prevents hip flexion contractures
Prone
Sim's
CVL
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
50. Adjust to retirement C. Adjust to loss of friends - family D. View own death as appropriate outcome of life
Side - lying
Stage III
Ego integrity Vs despair
Cardiogenic Shock