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Test your basic knowledge |
NCLEX Essential Concepts
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
nclex
,
health-sciences
,
nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Analgesic - antipyretic - anticoagulant - anti - inflammatory
Registered Nurse
Hypokalemia
Aspirin
Hyperkalemia
2. PH 7.52 2. pCO2 52 3. HCO3 34 4. Cause: Vomiting; excessive diuresis
Metabolic alkalosis
Hypokalemia
Day after
Shock
3. When opening a sterile package open the first flap away from you B. Never turn your back on a sterile field C. Avoid talking D. Keep all objects within vies; below the waist is not a sterile field. E. Moisture carries organisms through a barrier F. O
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Medications for perioperative
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Sterile Field
4. On the person's back 2. Maintains alignment
Acetaminophen
Trendelenburg
Supine
Osmotic pressure
5. Full thickness skin loss with severe destruction - necrosis - or damage to muscles - bone - or supporting structures
Osmotic pressure
Stage IV
Sim's
Local cold
6. Decision maker b. Can do complex procedures c. Can give medications via all routes that nurses can give meds d. Is best person for teaching e. Coordinates care f. Performs admission assessments
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Nursing care during IV infusions
Chronic Pain
Registered Nurse
7. Caused by a decrease in peripheral resistance - vasoconstriction
Trendelenburg
Registered Nurse
Lithotomy
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
8. Cold vasoconstricts and controls bleeding and swelling 2. Local anesthetic effect 3. Intermittently applied 4. Sterile technique for open wound
Spinal anesthetic
Local cold
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Immediate Post - Op Care
9. Needle punctures dura and cerebral spinal fluid lost. 2. Patient at risk for spinal headache.
Respiratory alkalosis
Acute Pain
Spinal anesthetic
Hypokalemia
10. 85 - 115 mEq/l
Acute Pain
Prone
CVL
Cl
11. On the person's abdomen 2. Prevents hip flexion contractures
Respiratory alkalosis
Nursing care during IV infusions
Prone
Negligence
12. Changes in color:( red - blue - purple) - temperature changes - and skin stiffness
Stage I
Hypernatremia
Risk Factors for operations
RACE
13. Extracellular fluid volume deficit 1. Causes: Loosing more fluid than is taken in a. Vomiting b. Diarrhea c. Diuretics d. Increased respirations e. Insufficient I.V. fluid replacement or PO 2. Manifestations a. Weight loss b. Poor skin turgor c. Dry
Dehydration
Ego integrity Vs despair
Narcotic analgesics
Lithotomy
14. Flush daily with saline or heparin to prevent clots from forming B. Change dressing three times per week C. Check for infection D. Discard 5-10 ml when drawing blood E. In multilumen catheters use ports for designated purpose F. Valsalva's maneuver w
Patient controlled analgesia
Logrolling
Nursing care during IV infusions
CVL
15. Made in the adrenal cortex b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water and get rid of potassium
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Cardiogenic Shock
Aldosterone
bicarbonate
16. Extracellular volume excess 1. Causes a. Too many I.V. fluids too quickly b. Decreased kidney or heart function 2. Manifestations a. Cough - dyspnea - rales - tachypnea b. Increased blood pressure c. Increased CVP d. Neck vein distention e. Tachycard
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Circulatory overload
Hypokalemia
Nursing care during IV infusions
17. Lukewarm or tepid water b. Compresses on wrists - ankles - armpits - or groin to speed cooling c. Prevent shivering
Chronic Pain
Hyponatremia
Stage III
Sponge bath
18. Routine tasks b. Routine vital signs
Nursing care during IV infusions
Registered Nurse
Nursing assistant
CVL
19. Acts by blocking opiate receptors in the brain 2. Used to treat: a. Opiate induced respiratory depression b. Opiate overdose 3. Side effects: a. Withdrawal symptoms in addicted persons b. Return of pain 4. Drug is rapid acting; narcotic may last long
Supine
Modified Trendelenburg
bicarbonate
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
20. A decrease in total blood volume such as hemorrhage - transfusions
Ego integrity Vs despair
Na+
Hypovolemic shock
Wheel Chair Positioning
21. Made in the hypothalamus and stored and secreted by the posterior pituitary b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water
Day after
Logrolling
Hypovolemic shock
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
22. Place the wheel chair on the patient's strong side B. Position the open part of the chair toward the foot of the bed. C. Have patient stand on strong foot and pivot - then sit in chair
Osmotic pressure
Sponge bath
Wheel Chair Positioning
Hypokalemia
23. Head up 45-60 degrees 2. Reduces venous return and reduces cardiac workload 3. Promotes thoracic expansion 4. Reduces tension on the suture line for persons who have had abdominal surgery 5. Promotes drainage
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24. Sheet between patient and cooling blanket b. Prevent skin damage c. Change position frequently d. No shivering: Muscle relaxant may be given if patient shivering
Cooling blanket
Dehydration
Blood Gas Values
Standard (Universal) Precautions
25. Manifestations 1) Tenderness and pain in vein 2) Edema and redness at site 3) Warmth b. Management 1) Cold compresses immediately to relieve pain and inflammation 2) Follow with moist warm compresses to stimulate circulation and promote absorption
Spread of Infection
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Side - lying
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
26. Physiologic needs b. Safety and security c. Love and belonging d. Self esteem e. Self actualization 2. Keep them breathing; keep them safe
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27. On left side with lower arm behind the back 2. Good position for administering enema
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28. Lasts more than 6 months B. Appears to serve no useful purpose C. May persist after injury heals D. No autonomic nervous system symptoms
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Ego integrity Vs despair
Chronic Pain
Isotonic
29. Higher osmotic pressure than blood serum; causes cells to shrink; pulls fluid out of cells into blood stream a. Dextrose 5% or higher in saline b. Dextrose stronger than 5% in water c. Albumin
Aspirin
Day of Injury
Hypertonic
Narcotic analgesics
30. Apply heat to improve circulation and healing
Stage I
Day after
Epidural anesthetic
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
31. Inadequate blood supply to the vital organs: the brain - heart and kidneys; inadequate circulating volume. Manifestations A. Pulse pressure decreases B. Blood pressure deceases C. Urine output decreases (ADH and Aldosterone) D. Pulse increases E. Res
Loss of bone density
Shock
Changes during aging
Isotonic
32. Full thickness skin loss involving subcutaneous damage or necrosis
Chronic Pain
Stage III
Hypertonic
Nursing assistant
33. Patient is moved all at once so there is no twisting of spine B. One person moves the head and shoulders C. Second person moves the feet and legs at the same time D. Turning sheet may be helpful E. Place the bed in a high position to promote good bod
Immediate Post - Op Care
Hypotonic
Stage III
Logrolling
34. Fluid balance - acid - base - nerve conduction a. Causes 1) Increased perspiration 2) Drinking only tap water 3) GI losses: diarrhea - vomiting - suction 4) Diuretics b - Manifestations 1) Confusion 2) Hypotension 3) Oliguria 4) Muscle weakness 5) Co
Hyponatremia
Sterile Field
Aspirin
NSAIDS
35. Movement of particles from higher to lower concentration
Patient controlled analgesia
Diffusion
Trendelenburg
Epidural anesthetic
36. Causative agent --> reservoir -->portal of exit --> Mode of transmission -->portal of entry-->susceptible host
Blood pressure
Low - Fowler's
Spread of Infection
Sim's
37. PH 7.35-7.45 2. pCO2 = 35 - 45 3. pO2 = 80 - 100 4. HCO3 = 22 - 26
Negligence
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Blood Gas Values
Na+
38. Act by altering perception of and response to pain 2. Act on the central nervous system 3. Adverse reactions a. Depress respirations b. Decrease alertness c. Decrease coughing d. Decrease blood pressure and pulse e. Slow peristalsis f. Constrict pupi
Hypotonic
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Narcotic analgesics
Stage III
39. Analgesics - antipyretic - small anticoagulation
Spread of Infection
Stage II
Local cold
Acetaminophen
40. 135 - 145 mEq/l
Ego integrity Vs despair
Stage IV
Na+
Infiltration
41. Apply cold to prevent swelling - bleeding and relive pain
Dehydration
Acetaminophen
Hyperkalemia
Day of Injury
42. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) Weak pulse and ECG changes b. Causes 1) Potassium depleting diuretics 2) Burns 3) Diarrhea - colitis 4) Vomiting c. Management: Potassium replacement -- DO Not give Digoxin
Hypokalemia
Circulatory overload
Osmosis
K+
43. Weight bearing is necessary to keep calcium in the bones 2. Calcium leaving bones may increase risk of kidney stone
Loss of bone density
Na+
Cooling blanket
Circulatory overload
44. Glaucoma and cataracts (lens becomes opaque) occur frequently 2. Presbyopia (farsightedness of aging) occurs in almost all persons as they age Difficulty seeing in dim light due to loss of light responsiveness Presbycussis: progressive hearing loss a
Trendelenburg
High - Fowler's
K+
Changes during aging
45. Can do sterile procedures b. Can give medications except IV meds
Dehydration
Acute Pain
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Day after
46. Rescue Alarm Contain Evacuate
Wheel Chair Positioning
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
RACE
Spread of Infection
47. PH 7.32 2. pCO2 30 3. HCO3 18 4. Causes: a. Diabetes b. Renal failure c. Diarrhea
Negligence
Stage III
Metabolic acidosis
Acetaminophen
48. Dislodging of needle causes fluid to infiltrate tissues a. Manifestations 1) Edema - blanching - puffiness on under surface of arm 2) Discomfort 3) Slow drip rate 4) Cool to the touch 5) Necrosis and sloughing of tissue with certain drugs (Levophed)
Infiltration
Circulatory overload
Lithotomy
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
49. Patient on side 2. Prevents aspiration when patient is not fully alert
Air embolism
Side - lying
Stage I
RACE
50. Head up 20 to 30 degrees 2. Reduces intracranial pressure; good for head injuries and craniotomies 3. Good for cervical neck surgery
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