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Test your basic knowledge |
NCLEX Essential Concepts
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
nclex
,
health-sciences
,
nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rescue Alarm Contain Evacuate
Day after
Bacteremia
Stage III
RACE
2. Glaucoma and cataracts (lens becomes opaque) occur frequently 2. Presbyopia (farsightedness of aging) occurs in almost all persons as they age Difficulty seeing in dim light due to loss of light responsiveness Presbycussis: progressive hearing loss a
Shock
Changes during aging
Supine
Risk Factors for operations
3. Dispose of sharps in puncture - resistant containers B. Do not recap used needles C. Wear protective barriers (gloves - gowns - masks - eyewear) when at risk for exposure to body fluids D. Clean blood spills with soap and water or household bleach 1:
Loss of bone density
Metabolic acidosis
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Na+
4. The pressure demonstrated when a solvent moves through the semipermeable membrane from weaker to stronger concentrations
Sponge bath
Osmotic pressure
Hypotonic
High - Fowler's
5. Act by altering perception of and response to pain 2. Act on the central nervous system 3. Adverse reactions a. Depress respirations b. Decrease alertness c. Decrease coughing d. Decrease blood pressure and pulse e. Slow peristalsis f. Constrict pupi
Restraints
Narcotic analgesics
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Immediate Post - Op Care
6. Short duration B. Serves as a warning C. Subsides as healing occurs D. Autonomic nervous system symptoms frequently present
Circulatory overload
Acute Pain
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Ego integrity Vs despair
7. Legs up in stirrups 2. Uses a. Gyn exams b. Perineal surgery 3. Increases risk of venous stasis and deep vein thrombophlebitis
Heat
Lithotomy
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Day after
8. Weight bearing is necessary to keep calcium in the bones 2. Calcium leaving bones may increase risk of kidney stone
Loss of bone density
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Hypertonic
Negligence
9. Follow physician's orders B. Do not apply without order except in emergency C. Use least restraint possible D. Each unit should have a written protocol E. Check patient frequently for safety F. Loosen restraints every 2 hours G. Do not use as punishm
Restraints
K+
Sim's
Chronic Pain
10. Movement of fluid from lower to higher concentration. Across semipermeable membrane; high concentration of glucose
Blood pressure
CVL
Metabolic acidosis
Osmosis
11. 22 - 29 mEq/l
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Wheel Chair Positioning
Local cold
bicarbonate
12. Assess for signs of circulatory overload 2. Assess urinary output to determine renal function 3. Assess needle site 4. Assess infusion site for signs of infiltration 5. Assess flow rate 6. Assess IV container 7. Assess IV tubing
CVL
Nursing care during IV infusions
Cardiogenic Shock
Infiltration
13. Lukewarm or tepid water b. Compresses on wrists - ankles - armpits - or groin to speed cooling c. Prevent shivering
Sponge bath
Air embolism
Osmotic pressure
Hypotonic
14. A decrease in total blood volume such as hemorrhage - transfusions
Sterile Field
Hypovolemic shock
Acute Pain
Respiratory acidosis
15. Professional negligence - misconduct - or unreasonable lack of skill resulting in injury or loss to the recipient of the professional services.
Loss of bone density
Heat
CVL
Malpractice
16. PH 7.52 2. pCO2 30 3. HCO3 20 4. Cause: hyperventilation; rebreathe CO2
Informed consent
Stage IV
Prone
Respiratory alkalosis
17. Head up 45-60 degrees 2. Reduces venous return and reduces cardiac workload 3. Promotes thoracic expansion 4. Reduces tension on the suture line for persons who have had abdominal surgery 5. Promotes drainage
18. Apply cold to prevent swelling - bleeding and relive pain
Day of Injury
Medications for perioperative
Air embolism
Na+
19. Full thickness skin loss involving subcutaneous damage or necrosis
Cl
Stage III
Narcotic analgesics
Circulatory overload
20. Purposes 1. Relaxes muscle spasm 2. Softens exudate for removal 3. Vasodilates; hastens healing 4. Localizes infection 5. Reduces congestion 6. Relaxes - comforts
Hypokalemia
Stage III
Stage II
Heat
21. Can do sterile procedures b. Can give medications except IV meds
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Acute Pain
Supine
22. VS - LOC - Skin color - IV infusions - Drainage Tubes - Dressings - DB & C-h
Day after
Loss of bone density
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Immediate Post - Op Care
23. Immobilized patient at risk for orthostatic hypotension 2. After prolonged period of immobility - gradually sit patient up
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Epidural anesthetic
Infiltration
Blood pressure
24. Decision maker b. Can do complex procedures c. Can give medications via all routes that nurses can give meds d. Is best person for teaching e. Coordinates care f. Performs admission assessments
Stage III
Infiltration
Stage IV
Registered Nurse
25. Obesity B. Aging - plus recovery C. Concomitant diseases 1. Cardiovascular a. Danger of congestive failure - avoid fluid overload b. Avoid prolonged immobilization as it may cause venous stasis c. Encourage change of position; avoid sudden exertion 2
Risk Factors for operations
NSAIDS
Hyponatremia
Metabolic alkalosis
26. A generalized reaction to contaminated equipment or solutions a. Manifestations 1) Chills and fever 30-60 minutes after start of infusion 2) Flushing - sudden pulse increase 3) Backache - headache 4) Nausea - vomiting 5) Hypotension - vascular collap
Modified Trendelenburg
Hypokalemia
Malpractice
Bacteremia
27. Sheet between patient and cooling blanket b. Prevent skin damage c. Change position frequently d. No shivering: Muscle relaxant may be given if patient shivering
Cooling blanket
Aldosterone
Negligence
Acetaminophen
28. When opening a sterile package open the first flap away from you B. Never turn your back on a sterile field C. Avoid talking D. Keep all objects within vies; below the waist is not a sterile field. E. Moisture carries organisms through a barrier F. O
High - Fowler's
Sterile Field
Nursing assistant
Registered Nurse
29. Physiologic needs b. Safety and security c. Love and belonging d. Self esteem e. Self actualization 2. Keep them breathing; keep them safe
30. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) ECG changes b. Causes 1) Renal failure 2) Acidosis c. Management 1) Kayexalate by mouth or retention enema - reduces serum potassium 2) Insulin and glucose IV
CVL
Hyperkalemia
Nursing care during IV infusions
Dehydration
31. Apply heat to improve circulation and healing
Cl
Semi - Fowler's
Hyperkalemia
Day after
32. Routine tasks b. Routine vital signs
Nursing assistant
Malpractice
Hyperkalemia
Side - lying
33. Adjust to retirement C. Adjust to loss of friends - family D. View own death as appropriate outcome of life
Ego integrity Vs despair
Dehydration
Aldosterone
Diffusion
34. Manifestations 1) Headache - flushed skin - tachycardia 2) Venous distention 3) Increased venous pressure 4) Coughing - dyspnea - cyanosis 5) Pulmonary edema b. Prevention 1) Check for preexisting heart condition 2) Monitor flow rate of solution 3) P
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Circulatory overload
Shock
Chronic Pain
35. 85 - 115 mEq/l
Cl
High - Fowler's
Informed consent
Immediate Post - Op Care
36. Full thickness skin loss with severe destruction - necrosis - or damage to muscles - bone - or supporting structures
Low - Fowler's
Trendelenburg
Stage IV
K+
37. On the person's abdomen 2. Prevents hip flexion contractures
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Prone
Local cold
RACE
38. Acts by blocking opiate receptors in the brain 2. Used to treat: a. Opiate induced respiratory depression b. Opiate overdose 3. Side effects: a. Withdrawal symptoms in addicted persons b. Return of pain 4. Drug is rapid acting; narcotic may last long
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Nursing care during IV infusions
Circulatory overload
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
39. Head at 90 degrees 2. Used for persons with COPD
40. Head up 20 to 30 degrees 2. Reduces intracranial pressure; good for head injuries and craniotomies 3. Good for cervical neck surgery
41. On the person's back 2. Maintains alignment
Hyponatremia
Day of Injury
Prone
Supine
42. Place the wheel chair on the patient's strong side B. Position the open part of the chair toward the foot of the bed. C. Have patient stand on strong foot and pivot - then sit in chair
Metabolic alkalosis
RACE
Wheel Chair Positioning
Ego integrity Vs despair
43. Less osmotic pressure than blood serum - hydrates cells a. Tap water b. Sodium chloride less than 0.9%
Hypotonic
Nursing assistant
Prone
Stage II
44. Movement of particles from higher to lower concentration
bicarbonate
Stage IV
High - Fowler's
Diffusion
45. PH 7.35-7.45 2. pCO2 = 35 - 45 3. pO2 = 80 - 100 4. HCO3 = 22 - 26
Blood Gas Values
Stage III
Dehydration
Aldosterone
46. Made in the hypothalamus and stored and secreted by the posterior pituitary b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water
Local cold
Heat
Na+
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
47. 3.5 - 5.5 mEq/l
Wheel Chair Positioning
K+
Malpractice
Hypertonic
48. Needle does not puncture dura. Spinal headache unlikely. 2. Once sensation and motion return patient may be in any position that is satisfactory for the procedure.
Epidural anesthetic
Stage IV
Metabolic alkalosis
Stage II
49. Causes 1) Decreased water intake 2) Increased sodium intake 3) Impaired renal function b. Manifestations 1) Edema 2) Dry - sticky mucous membranes 3) Thirst 4) Elevated temp. 5) Flushed skin c. Management: Give water
Spinal anesthetic
K+
Hypokalemia
Hypernatremia
50. Higher osmotic pressure than blood serum; causes cells to shrink; pulls fluid out of cells into blood stream a. Dextrose 5% or higher in saline b. Dextrose stronger than 5% in water c. Albumin
Spread of Infection
Supine
Bacteremia
Hypertonic