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Test your basic knowledge |
NCLEX Essential Concepts
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
nclex
,
health-sciences
,
nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 85 - 115 mEq/l
Cl
Acetaminophen
Shock
Osmotic pressure
2. Acts by blocking opiate receptors in the brain 2. Used to treat: a. Opiate induced respiratory depression b. Opiate overdose 3. Side effects: a. Withdrawal symptoms in addicted persons b. Return of pain 4. Drug is rapid acting; narcotic may last long
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Nursing assistant
Cooling blanket
Lithotomy
3. PH 7.32 2. pCO2 58 3. HCO3 32 4. pO2 60 5. Respiratory Acidosis - hypoxia 5. Causes: COPD - lung cancer
Hypotonic
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Respiratory acidosis
Infiltration
4. PH 7.52 2. pCO2 52 3. HCO3 34 4. Cause: Vomiting; excessive diuresis
Metabolic alkalosis
Day after
Blood pressure
Superficial thrombophlebitis
5. Head and trunk flat with legs elevated 2. Preferred for shock 3. Increases venous return without putting pressure on the diaphragm
Hypertonic
Bacteremia
Modified Trendelenburg
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
6. Caused by a decrease in peripheral resistance - vasoconstriction
Respiratory alkalosis
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Lithotomy
Hypovolemic shock
7. Dislodging of needle causes fluid to infiltrate tissues a. Manifestations 1) Edema - blanching - puffiness on under surface of arm 2) Discomfort 3) Slow drip rate 4) Cool to the touch 5) Necrosis and sloughing of tissue with certain drugs (Levophed)
Registered Nurse
Infiltration
Osmotic pressure
Hypotonic
8. PH 7.52 2. pCO2 30 3. HCO3 20 4. Cause: hyperventilation; rebreathe CO2
Cooling blanket
Trendelenburg
Hypokalemia
Respiratory alkalosis
9. VS - LOC - Skin color - IV infusions - Drainage Tubes - Dressings - DB & C-h
Stage IV
Shock
Low - Fowler's
Immediate Post - Op Care
10. Sheet between patient and cooling blanket b. Prevent skin damage c. Change position frequently d. No shivering: Muscle relaxant may be given if patient shivering
Risk Factors for operations
NSAIDS
Day of Injury
Cooling blanket
11. Decision maker b. Can do complex procedures c. Can give medications via all routes that nurses can give meds d. Is best person for teaching e. Coordinates care f. Performs admission assessments
Registered Nurse
Circulatory overload
Hyponatremia
Respiratory alkalosis
12. Immobilized patient at risk for orthostatic hypotension 2. After prolonged period of immobility - gradually sit patient up
Blood pressure
Hypotonic
Narcotic analgesics
Loss of bone density
13. Dispose of sharps in puncture - resistant containers B. Do not recap used needles C. Wear protective barriers (gloves - gowns - masks - eyewear) when at risk for exposure to body fluids D. Clean blood spills with soap and water or household bleach 1:
CVL
Logrolling
K+
Standard (Universal) Precautions
14. Made in the hypothalamus and stored and secreted by the posterior pituitary b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water
Hypokalemia
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Blood pressure
Day of Injury
15. Patient pushes button and receives IV analgesia 2. Device has preset dose and frequency limits 3. Nurse must instruct patient in use of device 4. Nurse must continue to assess patient for a. Pain b. Pain relief c. Side effects (vital signs) 5. Studie
Patient controlled analgesia
NSAIDS
Respiratory alkalosis
Nursing care during IV infusions
16. Movement of fluid from lower to higher concentration. Across semipermeable membrane; high concentration of glucose
Hypokalemia
Informed consent
Osmosis
Acetaminophen
17. Full thickness skin loss with severe destruction - necrosis - or damage to muscles - bone - or supporting structures
Medications for perioperative
Registered Nurse
Stage IV
Narcotic analgesics
18. Movement of particles from higher to lower concentration
Supine
Negligence
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Diffusion
19. Cold vasoconstricts and controls bleeding and swelling 2. Local anesthetic effect 3. Intermittently applied 4. Sterile technique for open wound
Hypotonic
Wheel Chair Positioning
Respiratory acidosis
Local cold
20. Extracellular volume excess 1. Causes a. Too many I.V. fluids too quickly b. Decreased kidney or heart function 2. Manifestations a. Cough - dyspnea - rales - tachypnea b. Increased blood pressure c. Increased CVP d. Neck vein distention e. Tachycard
Circulatory overload
Chronic Pain
Heat
Nursing care during IV infusions
21. 22 - 29 mEq/l
Hyponatremia
Restraints
Local cold
bicarbonate
22. 3.5 - 5.5 mEq/l
Acetaminophen
Circulatory overload
K+
Dehydration
23. Partial thickness loss of skin involving epidermis and/or part of dermis
Circulatory overload
Stage II
K+
Circulatory overload
24. Patient is moved all at once so there is no twisting of spine B. One person moves the head and shoulders C. Second person moves the feet and legs at the same time D. Turning sheet may be helpful E. Place the bed in a high position to promote good bod
Informed consent
Sponge bath
Heat
Logrolling
25. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) ECG changes b. Causes 1) Renal failure 2) Acidosis c. Management 1) Kayexalate by mouth or retention enema - reduces serum potassium 2) Insulin and glucose IV
Hyperkalemia
Hypernatremia
Stage I
Air embolism
26. Assess for signs of circulatory overload 2. Assess urinary output to determine renal function 3. Assess needle site 4. Assess infusion site for signs of infiltration 5. Assess flow rate 6. Assess IV container 7. Assess IV tubing
Risk Factors for operations
Stage I
Changes during aging
Nursing care during IV infusions
27. The pressure demonstrated when a solvent moves through the semipermeable membrane from weaker to stronger concentrations
Risk Factors for operations
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Stage III
Osmotic pressure
28. Purposes 1. Relaxes muscle spasm 2. Softens exudate for removal 3. Vasodilates; hastens healing 4. Localizes infection 5. Reduces congestion 6. Relaxes - comforts
Heat
NSAIDS
Side - lying
Immediate Post - Op Care
29. Professional negligence - misconduct - or unreasonable lack of skill resulting in injury or loss to the recipient of the professional services.
Malpractice
Logrolling
Semi - Fowler's
Ego integrity Vs despair
30. Obesity B. Aging - plus recovery C. Concomitant diseases 1. Cardiovascular a. Danger of congestive failure - avoid fluid overload b. Avoid prolonged immobilization as it may cause venous stasis c. Encourage change of position; avoid sudden exertion 2
Nursing care during IV infusions
Na+
Risk Factors for operations
Supine
31. Short duration B. Serves as a warning C. Subsides as healing occurs D. Autonomic nervous system symptoms frequently present
Nursing assistant
Acute Pain
Aspirin
Sponge bath
32. Acts of both omission and commission. 2. Failure to provide care that a reasonably prudent heath care professional would provide in the given circumstances. 3. Failure to provide care that meets the accepted standards of care - or giving care that re
Circulatory overload
Negligence
Isotonic
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
33. Follow physician's orders B. Do not apply without order except in emergency C. Use least restraint possible D. Each unit should have a written protocol E. Check patient frequently for safety F. Loosen restraints every 2 hours G. Do not use as punishm
Stage IV
Stage II
Restraints
K+
34. When opening a sterile package open the first flap away from you B. Never turn your back on a sterile field C. Avoid talking D. Keep all objects within vies; below the waist is not a sterile field. E. Moisture carries organisms through a barrier F. O
Stage IV
Sterile Field
Cooling blanket
Semi - Fowler's
35. On left side with lower arm behind the back 2. Good position for administering enema
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36. Made in the adrenal cortex b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water and get rid of potassium
Metabolic acidosis
Stage III
RACE
Aldosterone
37. Legs up in stirrups 2. Uses a. Gyn exams b. Perineal surgery 3. Increases risk of venous stasis and deep vein thrombophlebitis
Sterile Field
Lithotomy
Stage IV
Hypertonic
38. A generalized reaction to contaminated equipment or solutions a. Manifestations 1) Chills and fever 30-60 minutes after start of infusion 2) Flushing - sudden pulse increase 3) Backache - headache 4) Nausea - vomiting 5) Hypotension - vascular collap
bicarbonate
Bacteremia
Registered Nurse
Hypertonic
39. PH 7.32 2. pCO2 30 3. HCO3 18 4. Causes: a. Diabetes b. Renal failure c. Diarrhea
Circulatory overload
Metabolic acidosis
High - Fowler's
Nursing assistant
40. 135 - 145 mEq/l
Trendelenburg
Na+
Sim's
Spread of Infection
41. Causes 1) Decreased water intake 2) Increased sodium intake 3) Impaired renal function b. Manifestations 1) Edema 2) Dry - sticky mucous membranes 3) Thirst 4) Elevated temp. 5) Flushed skin c. Management: Give water
Malpractice
Nursing care during IV infusions
Hypernatremia
Standard (Universal) Precautions
42. Place the wheel chair on the patient's strong side B. Position the open part of the chair toward the foot of the bed. C. Have patient stand on strong foot and pivot - then sit in chair
Wheel Chair Positioning
Bacteremia
Blood Gas Values
Restraints
43. Analgesics - antipyretic - anticoagulant - anti - inflammatory
Nursing care during IV infusions
Diffusion
Stage II
NSAIDS
44. Extracellular fluid volume deficit 1. Causes: Loosing more fluid than is taken in a. Vomiting b. Diarrhea c. Diuretics d. Increased respirations e. Insufficient I.V. fluid replacement or PO 2. Manifestations a. Weight loss b. Poor skin turgor c. Dry
Chronic Pain
Negligence
Semi - Fowler's
Dehydration
45. Routine tasks b. Routine vital signs
Shock
Sponge bath
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Nursing assistant
46. Patient on side 2. Prevents aspiration when patient is not fully alert
Side - lying
Hyponatremia
Acetaminophen
Trendelenburg
47. Manifestations 1) Tenderness and pain in vein 2) Edema and redness at site 3) Warmth b. Management 1) Cold compresses immediately to relieve pain and inflammation 2) Follow with moist warm compresses to stimulate circulation and promote absorption
Risk Factors for operations
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Stage II
Ego integrity Vs despair
48. Anticoagulants predispose to hemorrhage; discontinue 1-2 weeks before surgery 2. Aminoglycosides (streptomycin - gentamicin) can cause neuromuscular blockade. Anesthesiologist must know. 3. Diuretics may cause electrolyte imbalances and respiratory d
Loss of bone density
Medications for perioperative
Supine
Metabolic alkalosis
49. Can do sterile procedures b. Can give medications except IV meds
Ego integrity Vs despair
Metabolic alkalosis
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Blood Gas Values
50. Adjust to retirement C. Adjust to loss of friends - family D. View own death as appropriate outcome of life
Neurogenic / vasogenic - septic - anaphylactic shock (Obstructive)
Ego integrity Vs despair
Spinal anesthetic
Blood pressure