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Test your basic knowledge |
NCLEX Essential Concepts
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
nclex
,
health-sciences
,
nursing
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 135 - 145 mEq/l
Logrolling
Infiltration
Na+
Registered Nurse
2. On the person's abdomen 2. Prevents hip flexion contractures
Prone
Loss of bone density
Restraints
Nursing care during IV infusions
3. Caused by poor heart action.- drugs that make heart beat more effectively
Dehydration
Sponge bath
Cardiogenic Shock
Hypotonic
4. Short duration B. Serves as a warning C. Subsides as healing occurs D. Autonomic nervous system symptoms frequently present
Circulatory overload
Chronic Pain
CVL
Acute Pain
5. Acts of both omission and commission. 2. Failure to provide care that a reasonably prudent heath care professional would provide in the given circumstances. 3. Failure to provide care that meets the accepted standards of care - or giving care that re
Negligence
Prone
Logrolling
Infiltration
6. Extracellular volume excess 1. Causes a. Too many I.V. fluids too quickly b. Decreased kidney or heart function 2. Manifestations a. Cough - dyspnea - rales - tachypnea b. Increased blood pressure c. Increased CVP d. Neck vein distention e. Tachycard
Changes during aging
bicarbonate
Semi - Fowler's
Circulatory overload
7. Analgesics - antipyretic - anticoagulant - anti - inflammatory
Hypotonic
NSAIDS
Patient controlled analgesia
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
8. Causes 1) Decreased water intake 2) Increased sodium intake 3) Impaired renal function b. Manifestations 1) Edema 2) Dry - sticky mucous membranes 3) Thirst 4) Elevated temp. 5) Flushed skin c. Management: Give water
Prone
Low - Fowler's
Semi - Fowler's
Hypernatremia
9. Professional negligence - misconduct - or unreasonable lack of skill resulting in injury or loss to the recipient of the professional services.
Malpractice
Lithotomy
Local cold
Semi - Fowler's
10. On left side with lower arm behind the back 2. Good position for administering enema
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11. Sheet between patient and cooling blanket b. Prevent skin damage c. Change position frequently d. No shivering: Muscle relaxant may be given if patient shivering
Spinal anesthetic
Hypernatremia
RACE
Cooling blanket
12. Lasts more than 6 months B. Appears to serve no useful purpose C. May persist after injury heals D. No autonomic nervous system symptoms
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Wheel Chair Positioning
Patient controlled analgesia
Chronic Pain
13. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) ECG changes b. Causes 1) Renal failure 2) Acidosis c. Management 1) Kayexalate by mouth or retention enema - reduces serum potassium 2) Insulin and glucose IV
Diffusion
Hyperkalemia
Aldosterone
Acute Pain
14. Movement of particles from higher to lower concentration
Diffusion
Respiratory acidosis
Hypernatremia
Registered Nurse
15. Apply cold to prevent swelling - bleeding and relive pain
Bacteremia
Hypokalemia
Day of Injury
bicarbonate
16. Patient on side 2. Prevents aspiration when patient is not fully alert
Side - lying
Air embolism
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
17. On the person's back 2. Maintains alignment
NSAIDS
High - Fowler's
Supine
Osmosis
18. The pressure demonstrated when a solvent moves through the semipermeable membrane from weaker to stronger concentrations
Hyperkalemia
Registered Nurse
Osmotic pressure
Cl
19. Partial thickness loss of skin involving epidermis and/or part of dermis
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Semi - Fowler's
Chronic Pain
Stage II
20. Full thickness skin loss involving subcutaneous damage or necrosis
Bacteremia
Stage III
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Prone
21. Made in the adrenal cortex b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water and get rid of potassium
Day after
Osmosis
Loss of bone density
Aldosterone
22. A decrease in total blood volume such as hemorrhage - transfusions
Acetaminophen
Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic shock
Superficial thrombophlebitis
23. Made in the hypothalamus and stored and secreted by the posterior pituitary b. Causes kidney to retain sodium and water
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Chronic Pain
Logrolling
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
24. Emergency care can be given to stabilize patient who is not able to give consent. 2. Age of majority is eighteen 3. Unconscious adults need permission for care by parents or spouse if married. 4. Persons who are not alert or have been given mind alte
Immediate Post - Op Care
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Informed consent
High - Fowler's
25. Analgesics - antipyretic - small anticoagulation
Metabolic acidosis
Day after
Nursing care during IV infusions
Acetaminophen
26. Dislodging of needle causes fluid to infiltrate tissues a. Manifestations 1) Edema - blanching - puffiness on under surface of arm 2) Discomfort 3) Slow drip rate 4) Cool to the touch 5) Necrosis and sloughing of tissue with certain drugs (Levophed)
Side - lying
Logrolling
Infiltration
Hypertonic
27. Manifestations 1) Muscle weakness 2) Weak pulse and ECG changes b. Causes 1) Potassium depleting diuretics 2) Burns 3) Diarrhea - colitis 4) Vomiting c. Management: Potassium replacement -- DO Not give Digoxin
Isotonic
Metabolic acidosis
Aspirin
Hypokalemia
28. PH 7.52 2. pCO2 30 3. HCO3 20 4. Cause: hyperventilation; rebreathe CO2
Respiratory alkalosis
Wheel Chair Positioning
Narcotic analgesics
Hypokalemia
29. Assess for signs of circulatory overload 2. Assess urinary output to determine renal function 3. Assess needle site 4. Assess infusion site for signs of infiltration 5. Assess flow rate 6. Assess IV container 7. Assess IV tubing
Heat
Nursing care during IV infusions
Medications for perioperative
Modified Trendelenburg
30. Inadequate blood supply to the vital organs: the brain - heart and kidneys; inadequate circulating volume. Manifestations A. Pulse pressure decreases B. Blood pressure deceases C. Urine output decreases (ADH and Aldosterone) D. Pulse increases E. Res
K+
Patient controlled analgesia
Modified Trendelenburg
Shock
31. Full thickness skin loss with severe destruction - necrosis - or damage to muscles - bone - or supporting structures
Malpractice
Logrolling
Stage IV
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
32. Extracellular fluid volume deficit 1. Causes: Loosing more fluid than is taken in a. Vomiting b. Diarrhea c. Diuretics d. Increased respirations e. Insufficient I.V. fluid replacement or PO 2. Manifestations a. Weight loss b. Poor skin turgor c. Dry
Chronic Pain
K+
Dehydration
Semi - Fowler's
33. Act by altering perception of and response to pain 2. Act on the central nervous system 3. Adverse reactions a. Depress respirations b. Decrease alertness c. Decrease coughing d. Decrease blood pressure and pulse e. Slow peristalsis f. Constrict pupi
Narcotic analgesics
Air embolism
Epidural anesthetic
Circulatory overload
34. A generalized reaction to contaminated equipment or solutions a. Manifestations 1) Chills and fever 30-60 minutes after start of infusion 2) Flushing - sudden pulse increase 3) Backache - headache 4) Nausea - vomiting 5) Hypotension - vascular collap
Osmosis
Blood Gas Values
Aspirin
Bacteremia
35. Acts by blocking opiate receptors in the brain 2. Used to treat: a. Opiate induced respiratory depression b. Opiate overdose 3. Side effects: a. Withdrawal symptoms in addicted persons b. Return of pain 4. Drug is rapid acting; narcotic may last long
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
CVL
Diffusion
Hyponatremia
36. Immobilized patient at risk for orthostatic hypotension 2. After prolonged period of immobility - gradually sit patient up
Local cold
Registered Nurse
Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan)
Blood pressure
37. 3.5 - 5.5 mEq/l
K+
Acute Pain
Standard (Universal) Precautions
Nursing care during IV infusions
38. Decision maker b. Can do complex procedures c. Can give medications via all routes that nurses can give meds d. Is best person for teaching e. Coordinates care f. Performs admission assessments
Registered Nurse
Diffusion
Acetaminophen
Epidural anesthetic
39. Purposes 1. Relaxes muscle spasm 2. Softens exudate for removal 3. Vasodilates; hastens healing 4. Localizes infection 5. Reduces congestion 6. Relaxes - comforts
Patient controlled analgesia
Heat
Sponge bath
Low - Fowler's
40. Apply heat to improve circulation and healing
Lithotomy
Bacteremia
Acute Pain
Day after
41. Head up 45-60 degrees 2. Reduces venous return and reduces cardiac workload 3. Promotes thoracic expansion 4. Reduces tension on the suture line for persons who have had abdominal surgery 5. Promotes drainage
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42. Flush daily with saline or heparin to prevent clots from forming B. Change dressing three times per week C. Check for infection D. Discard 5-10 ml when drawing blood E. In multilumen catheters use ports for designated purpose F. Valsalva's maneuver w
Registered Nurse
Trendelenburg
CVL
Acetaminophen
43. Routine tasks b. Routine vital signs
Trendelenburg
Nursing assistant
Wheel Chair Positioning
Respiratory alkalosis
44. Lukewarm or tepid water b. Compresses on wrists - ankles - armpits - or groin to speed cooling c. Prevent shivering
Licensed practical nurse/ licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Sponge bath
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Stage III
45. Obesity B. Aging - plus recovery C. Concomitant diseases 1. Cardiovascular a. Danger of congestive failure - avoid fluid overload b. Avoid prolonged immobilization as it may cause venous stasis c. Encourage change of position; avoid sudden exertion 2
Chronic Pain
Negligence
Hypokalemia
Risk Factors for operations
46. Head lower than trunk and feet 2. Uses a. Shock - sometimes b. Prolapsed cord when mother not in hospital; Increases venous return
Logrolling
Lithotomy
Hyponatremia
Trendelenburg
47. Adjust to retirement C. Adjust to loss of friends - family D. View own death as appropriate outcome of life
Spread of Infection
Ego integrity Vs despair
Hypotonic
Chronic Pain
48. Manifestations 1) Hypotension - cyanosis - tachycardia 2) Increased venous pressure - loss of consciousness b. Prevention 1) Run fluid through tubing and needle or catheter to force air out before starting infusion 2) When using glass bottle - change
Heat
Stage II
Air embolism
Hypotonic
49. Place the wheel chair on the patient's strong side B. Position the open part of the chair toward the foot of the bed. C. Have patient stand on strong foot and pivot - then sit in chair
Wheel Chair Positioning
Nursing care during IV infusions
Day of Injury
Respiratory acidosis
50. Head and trunk flat with legs elevated 2. Preferred for shock 3. Increases venous return without putting pressure on the diaphragm
Side - lying
Nursing assistant
Modified Trendelenburg
Informed consent