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Test your basic knowledge |
Negotiation
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
soft-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Believing something is true even after it has been proven not
perseverance effect
non-verbal attending
circular logrolli
multiphase negotiations
2. Involves trade iffs that require each group member to offer another member a concession on one issue while receiving a concession from yet another group member on a different issue
social loafing
base rates
problem solving model
circular logrolli
3. People tend to base behavior on readily understood terms such as percentages. Exp All other things being equal ( quality of product - the store - service - etc)more people are willing to suffer the same inconveniences to save $30 on a $70 item than t
options
aspect ratio framing
active listening activities
affective route
4. The most common cause of transactional entrapment - E.g. Dollar auction- auctioneer accepts bid for a one dollar bill. second highest bidder must also pay the bid. Biggest problem is the reluctance to cut losses once the commitment is made.
inert knowledge problem
old fashioned negotiator
sunk cost framing
perseverance effect
5. Grounded bahvioral predicatability and it occurs when a person has enough information about others to understand them and accurately predict their behavior
some guild lines in evaluating options and reaching a consensus
knowledge based trust
individual collectivism
egalitarianism hierarchy
6. Someone who believs one must adopt a tough hard stance to negotiate
sunk cost framing
tunnel vision
brainwriting
old fashioned negotiator
7. The total of the gains earned by each party in the negotiation
perseverance effect
joint gain
sequence vs. issue planning
irritators
8. Skilled negotiators tended to avoid saying gratuitous things about themselves - avoided self descriptions of 'fair' or 'reasonable' and comments such as generous offer
key steps in integrative negotiation
multiphase negotiations
irritators
deductive reasoning
9. The derivation of group preference from individual preference is indeterminate
logrolling
impossibilty theorem
dispositional attribution
legitimacy
10. Mental model of negotiation in which people consider negotiation to be the task of definin and solving a problem
problem solving model
illusory correlation
deductive reasoning
barrier to agreement
11. Being overly affected by form of a presentation of information in negotiation (pay attention to both content and context. even though framing is important - be more aware of the content!)
exploration of options
communication in negotiaion
GRIP goals
most common cognitive mistakes in Negotiation
12. Splitting the difference or compromising which is ofern mistaken for win-win negotiaitions
equal concession negotiaitor
setting limits
social loafing
dispositional attribution
13. Define problem which will be acceptable to both sides - state problem with an eye toward practicality and comprehensiveness - state problem and id the obstacles in obtaining it - don't make the problem personal - separate the problem definition from
barrier to agreement
tunnel vision
aspect ratio framing
things to look for when identifying and define the problem
14. reliability - mutual acceptance - emotions
reflections
endowment effect
relationship issues
issue mix
15. Expand the amount of available resources
integrative negotiation
social loafing
endowment effect
common bond groups
16. One negotiator receives what he or she wants and the other is compensated by some method that was initially out of reach
relationship issues
nonspecific compensation
deductive reasoning
GRIP goals
17. See invalid correlations between events
ways to generate options to a problem
active listening activities
communication in negotiaion
illusory correlation
18. A situation in which conflict does not exist between people yet they erroneously perceive the presence of conflict
unbundling
egalitarianism hierarchy
false conflict or illusory conflict
options
19. Skilled negotiators used fewer reasons to back up each of his/her arguments only moving to subsidiary reasons only if main reason began to wither.
reflections
old fashioned negotiator
argument dilution
sunk cost framing
20. Division of large - all encompassing issues into smaller more manageable ones
problem solving model
contingency contracts
unbundling
non-verbal attending
21. Coalitions can form among parties - Natural Coalitions:allies share a broad range of common interests - there are likely to be frequent allies - single-issue coalitions:Parties difffer on other issues unite on singe issue - might be Strange Bedfellow
multiparty negotiations
premature consessions
seller status framing
common bond groups
22. Expand the pie - Logroll-finding different issues and prioritize them. End up with a highly preferred outcome - Compensation(not integrative)- agreeing to ones objectives and accommodating the others interests - cut the costs for compliance-ones obje
deductive reasoning
some options by redefining the problems (alternative solutions)
options
sequence planning
23. What you say you want - your solution
gamblers fallacy
seller status framing
old fashioned negotiator
a position in negotiation
24. Sellers of a product/service will place a higher value on the product/service than will the buyer or third party.
some options by redefining the problems (alternative solutions)
affective route
endowment effect
argument dilution
25. Also known as Reflective Listening - as we can reflect on what was said - how it was said - and the nonverbal cues
active listening
social loafing
integrative negotiation
premature consessions
26. Focus on commonalities - Address need and interests - Commit to meet all parties needs - exchange info and ideas - invent options for mutual gain - use objective criteria to set standards
divergent thinking
legitimacy
integrative negotiation
some guild lines in evaluating options and reaching a consensus
27. How much utility we derive depends on who is providing it
Particularism
relevant polarity framing
defend/attack spirals
individual collectivism
28. What can i do if i walk away without agreement? which is best
common bond groups
deterrence based trust
inert knowledge problem
walk away alternative
29. Dies-hard bargainers - Lack of trust - Sabotage from weak commitments - Differences in gender and culture - Difficulties in communication
endowment effect
egalitarianism hierarchy
barrier to agreement
premature consessions
30. Members who are attracted to the group
false conflict or illusory conflict
seller status framing
ways to generate options to a problem
common identity groups
31. External standards or precedents that might convince one or both parties that a proposed agreement is fair
legitimacy
circular logrolli
multiphase negotiations
relationship issues
32. Negotiators thinking they are revealing more information that they actually are
illusion of transparecy
active listening activities
perseverance effect
BATNA
33. One that calls into question anothers character
endowment effect
exploration of options
dispositional attribution
false conflict or illusory conflict
34. The strenght of positive relations within a team
knowledge based trust
cohension
functional fixedness
distributive negotiations
35. Grounded in complete empathy with another persons desires and intentions
errors that prevent agreement
nonspecific compensation
identification based trust
perseverance effect
36. Skilled negotiators were significantly more likely to set upper and lower limits - planning was done in terms of ranges - more flexible than average negotiators
reciprocity principle
setting limits
convergent thinking
non-verbal attending
37. 'Maximize profit' approaches enjoyed greater profitability than did ' Minimize Expenses' approaches( the maximize profit group completed more transactions for greater profit but the 'minimize expenses' framers completed transactions of greater mean p
aspect ratio framing
sunk cost framing
BATNA
relevant polarity framing
38. Average Negotiators more reliant on sequence planning - Skilled Negotiators more likely to use issue planning (more flexible plan)
sequence vs. issue planning
some guild lines in evaluating options and reaching a consensus
divergent thinking
problem solving model
39. The frequency with which some event or pattern occurs in the general population
base rates
ZOPA
inductive reasoning
equal concession negotiaitor
40. Clients are treated like partners
unbundling
setting limits
BATNA
partnership model
41. Take time to 'cool off' - Explore different ways to logroll - Exploit differences in expectations and risk/ time preferences - Keep decisions tentative and conditional until a final proposal is complete - Minimize formality - record keeping until fi
egalitarianism hierarchy
some guild lines in evaluating options and reaching a consensus
a position in negotiation
multiphase negotiations
42. Skilled negotiators considered a wider range of outcomes or options than did average negotiators - they seem to demonstrate a willingness to consider counterparts' options
divergent thinking
some guild lines in evaluating options and reaching a consensus
exploration of options
multiphase negotiations
43. Group members independently write down ideas for resolvig negotiation then meet a share the ideas
argument dilution
BATNA
brainwriting
reciprocity principle
44. Prepare to listen - Non-verbal attending - Verbally interact with and Encourage the speaker(helps ensure understanding)
unbundling
errors that prevent agreement
active listening activities
enlightened negotiator
45. Means by which people influence others
egalitarianism hierarchy
flower child negotiator
inductive reasoning
common identity groups
46. The strategy of trading off in a negotiaion so as to capitalize on differet strengths of preference
options
logrolling
defend/attack spirals
some options by redefining the problems (alternative solutions)
47. Form of hypothesis testing - or trial and error
inductive reasoning
tunnel vision
sequence planning
things to look for when identifying and define the problem
48. Working less hard in a group
multiparty negotiations
social loafing
relationship issues
barrier to agreement
49. Basic human motive concerning preservation of the self versus collective
reciprocity principle
non-verbal attending
integrative negotiation
individual collectivism
50. Someone who is too concerned with win-win negotiations they forget to claim resources
an interest in negotiation
walk away alternative
flower child negotiator
options