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Test your basic knowledge |
Negotiation
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
soft-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Define problem which will be acceptable to both sides - state problem with an eye toward practicality and comprehensiveness - state problem and id the obstacles in obtaining it - don't make the problem personal - separate the problem definition from
inert knowledge problem
things to look for when identifying and define the problem
sequence vs. issue planning
integrative negotiation
2. A situation in which conflict does not exist between people yet they erroneously perceive the presence of conflict
irritators
false conflict or illusory conflict
brainwriting
gamblers fallacy
3. Take time to 'cool off' - Explore different ways to logroll - Exploit differences in expectations and risk/ time preferences - Keep decisions tentative and conditional until a final proposal is complete - Minimize formality - record keeping until fi
some guild lines in evaluating options and reaching a consensus
premature consessions
defend/attack spirals
commitment
4. Form of hypothesis testing - or trial and error
knowledge based trust
egalitarianism hierarchy
inductive reasoning
affective route
5. See invalid correlations between events
verbal minimal encouragers
contingency contracts
illusory correlation
relationship issues
6. Sellers of a product/service will place a higher value on the product/service than will the buyer or third party.
key components in Negotiation
sequence planning
endowment effect
active listening
7. The most common cause of transactional entrapment - E.g. Dollar auction- auctioneer accepts bid for a one dollar bill. second highest bidder must also pay the bid. Biggest problem is the reluctance to cut losses once the commitment is made.
sunk cost framing
common identity groups
inert knowledge problem
old fashioned negotiator
8. Based on rational and deliberate thoughts
multiphase negotiations
problem solving model
cognitive route
key steps in integrative negotiation
9. 'Maximize profit' approaches enjoyed greater profitability than did ' Minimize Expenses' approaches( the maximize profit group completed more transactions for greater profit but the 'minimize expenses' framers completed transactions of greater mean p
relevant polarity framing
commitment
unbundling
convergent thinking
10. Brainstorming - electronic brainstorming - surveys
a position in negotiation
ways to generate options to a problem
BATNA
false conflict or illusory conflict
11. Splitting the difference or compromising which is ofern mistaken for win-win negotiaitions
convergent thinking
equal concession negotiaitor
reflections
common identity groups
12. Expand the amount of available resources
egalitarianism hierarchy
reciprocity principle
integrative negotiation
cohension
13. Skilled negotiators tended to avoid saying gratuitous things about themselves - avoided self descriptions of 'fair' or 'reasonable' and comments such as generous offer
multiparty negotiations
illusion of transparecy
ZOPA
irritators
14. reliability - mutual acceptance - emotions
reflections
inductive reasoning
relationship issues
enlightened negotiator
15. Tendency for people in group negotiations to underestimate the number of feasible options
tunnel vision
enlightened negotiator
horizon thinkng
cohension
16. Often - a consumer is willing to pay more for the identical product or service sold at a swank specialty shop than at discount store. There is a tendency to assign a greater value to the quality of the transaction over the actual intrinsic worth of a
aspect ratio framing
multiphase negotiations
divergent thinking
seller status framing
17. The worst agreement you're willing to accept ('walk-away')
reservation price
verbal minimal encouragers
sequence planning
irritators
18. Skilled negotiators considered a wider range of outcomes or options than did average negotiators - they seem to demonstrate a willingness to consider counterparts' options
distributive negotiations
circular logrolli
exploration of options
divergent thinking
19. Someone who realizes both that the pie can be expanded and who does not forget to claim resources
enlightened negotiator
flower child negotiator
non-verbal attending
setting limits
20. The ability to change a losing coalition into winning coalition
joint gain
exploration of options
pivotal power
relationship issues
21. Possible agreements or part of agreemenrrs that you might reach with your negotiation party
aspect ratio framing
verbal minimal encouragers
options
reciprocity principle
22. Words and sounds - E.g. Really? - You're kidding! - Then what happened - Uh-huh
issue mix
reciprocity principle
verbal minimal encouragers
aspect ratio framing
23. Implemented over time in different phases - each phase has own promises and dealings - early phases: become familiar with other's Negotiation Style - Build Trust - Monitor Other party to ensure follow through - Walk away from Disconcerting negotiati
deductive reasoning
functional fixedness
multiphase negotiations
irritators
24. Grounded bahvioral predicatability and it occurs when a person has enough information about others to understand them and accurately predict their behavior
distributive negotiations
circular logrolli
communication in negotiaion
knowledge based trust
25. Members who are attracted to the group
seller status framing
communication in negotiaion
BATNA
common identity groups
26. The derivation of group preference from individual preference is indeterminate
affective route
base rates
impossibilty theorem
egalitarianism hierarchy
27. The tendency to treat chance events as though they have a built in evening out mechanism
ZOPA
brainwriting
active listening activities
gamblers fallacy
28. Working less hard in a group
social loafing
divergent thinking
deductive reasoning
issue mix
29. Skilled negotiators - if they decided to attack - gave no warning and attacked severely
joint gain
defend/attack spirals
some guild lines in evaluating options and reaching a consensus
social striving
30. One that calls into question anothers character
dispositional attribution
verbal minimal encouragers
functional fixedness
non-verbal attending
31. The union of both parties issue sets
irritators
issue mix
distributive negotiations
non-verbal attending
32. Average Negotiators more reliant on sequence planning - Skilled Negotiators more likely to use issue planning (more flexible plan)
inductive reasoning
deductive reasoning
tunnel vision
sequence vs. issue planning
33. Group members independently write down ideas for resolvig negotiation then meet a share the ideas
egalitarianism hierarchy
illusory correlation
active listening
brainwriting
34. Do not be disclosing - Learn interests - BATNA - etc. of other side - Establishing an anchor - Offering concessions grudgingly - Presenting deadlines to create urgency - Offering multiple proposals to provide option - Signal interest in closing the d
verbal minimal encouragers
cognitive route
multiphase negotiations
distributive negotiations
35. The total of the gains earned by each party in the negotiation
legitimacy
equal concession negotiaitor
commitment
joint gain
36. Skilled negotiators were significantly more likely to set upper and lower limits - planning was done in terms of ranges - more flexible than average negotiators
errors that prevent agreement
setting limits
contingency contracts
legitimacy
37. External standards or precedents that might convince one or both parties that a proposed agreement is fair
ways to generate options to a problem
common bond groups
base rates
legitimacy
38. The strenght of positive relations within a team
defend/attack spirals
sunk cost framing
convergent thinking
cohension
39. The process of drawing logical conclusions
GRIP goals
an interest in negotiation
deductive reasoning
active listening
40. Basic human motive concerning preservation of the self versus collective
deterrence based trust
individual collectivism
joint gain
contingency contracts
41. Goals and interests related to: Gain - relationship - identity - process
inductive reasoning
contingency contracts
common bond groups
GRIP goals
42. Putting a number of events - or potential occurrences into a time sequence exp. 'First I'll bring up A - then lead to B - and after that ill cover C etc.
impossibilty theorem
defend/attack spirals
sequence planning
non-verbal attending
43. Based on consistency of behvior
irritators
issue mix
dispositional attribution
deterrence based trust
44. Prepare self with positive - engaged attitude exp Pike Place Fish market in Seattle - It doesn't matter where you work - you get to choose your attitude ( Nodding your head - removing physical barriers)
GRIP goals
social striving
illusory correlation
non-verbal attending
45. Clarify the meaning of communications and check perceptions with the speaker exp. paraphrase in own words
reflections
reservation price
individual collectivism
irritators
46. Means by which people influence others
illusion of transparecy
egalitarianism hierarchy
GRIP goals
errors that prevent agreement
47. Dies-hard bargainers - Lack of trust - Sabotage from weak commitments - Differences in gender and culture - Difficulties in communication
irritators
barrier to agreement
gamblers fallacy
active listening
48. Expand the pie - Logroll-finding different issues and prioritize them. End up with a highly preferred outcome - Compensation(not integrative)- agreeing to ones objectives and accommodating the others interests - cut the costs for compliance-ones obje
legitimacy
some options by redefining the problems (alternative solutions)
reservation price
knowledge based trust
49. Negotiators thinking they are revealing more information that they actually are
contingency contracts
dispositional attribution
inert knowledge problem
illusion of transparecy
50. Mental model of negotiation in which people consider negotiation to be the task of definin and solving a problem
false conflict or illusory conflict
functional fixedness
cohension
problem solving model