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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






2. Distinct community in a geographic region






3. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






4. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






5. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






6. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






7. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






8. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






9. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






10. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






11. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






12. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






13. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






14. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






15. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






16. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






17. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






18. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






19. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






20. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






21. The oceans






22. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






23. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






24. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






25. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






26. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






27. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






28. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






29. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






30. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






31. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






32. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






33. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






34. Animals that consume dead animals






35. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






36. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






37. Lichens and moss






38. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






39. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






40. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






41. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






42. Links between oceans and land






43. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






44. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






45. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






46. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






47. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






48. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






49. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






50. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness







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