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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Determines water holding capacity






2. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






3. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






4. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






5. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






6. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






7. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






8. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






9. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






10. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






11. Links between oceans and land






12. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






13. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






14. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






15. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






16. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






17. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






18. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






19. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






20. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






21. The oceans






22. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






23. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






24. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






25. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






26. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






27. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






28. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






29. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






30. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






31. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






32. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






33. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






34. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






35. Rock and soil surface






36. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






37. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






38. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






39. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






40. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






41. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






42. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






43. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






44. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






45. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






46. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






47. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






48. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






49. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






50. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat