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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






2. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






3. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






4. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






5. Links between oceans and land






6. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






7. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






8. Lichens and moss






9. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






10. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






11. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






12. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






13. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






14. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






15. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






16. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






17. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






18. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






19. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






20. Crawling and sessile organsms






21. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






22. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






23. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






24. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






25. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






26. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






27. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






28. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






29. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






30. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






31. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






32. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






33. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






34. An essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids - which are the building blocks of all living things






35. Rock and soil surface






36. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






37. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






38. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






39. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






40. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






41. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






42. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






43. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






44. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






45. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






46. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






47. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






48. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






49. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






50. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil