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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






2. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






3. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






4. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






5. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






6. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






7. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






8. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






9. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






10. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






11. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






12. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






13. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






14. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






15. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






16. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






17. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






18. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






19. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






20. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






21. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






22. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






23. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






24. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






25. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






26. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






27. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






28. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






29. First to resettle a virgin area






30. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






31. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






32. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






33. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






34. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






35. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






36. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






37. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






38. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






39. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






40. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






41. Distinct community in a geographic region






42. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






43. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






44. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






45. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






46. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






47. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






48. The chief disruptive force






49. Determines water holding capacity






50. Organisms that manufacture their own food