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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






2. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






3. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






4. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






5. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






6. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






7. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






8. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






9. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






10. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






11. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






12. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






13. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






14. Links between oceans and land






15. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






16. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






17. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






18. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






19. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






20. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






21. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






22. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






23. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






24. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






25. Crawling and sessile organsms






26. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






27. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






28. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






29. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






30. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






31. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






32. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






33. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






34. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






35. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






36. Chief animal inhabitant is the moose; however - the black bear - wolf - and some birds






37. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






38. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






39. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






40. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






41. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






42. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






43. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






44. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






45. Animals that eat both plants and animals






46. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






47. The chief disruptive force






48. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






49. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






50. Animals that feed on secondary consumer