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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






2. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






3. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






4. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






5. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






6. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






7. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






8. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






9. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






10. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






11. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






12. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






13. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






14. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






15. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






16. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






17. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






18. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






19. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






20. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






21. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






22. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






23. Distinct community in a geographic region






24. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






25. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






26. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






27. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






28. Determines water holding capacity






29. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






30. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






31. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






32. Conserve water actively






33. Animals that consume dead animals






34. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






35. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






36. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






37. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






38. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






39. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






40. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






41. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






42. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






43. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






44. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






45. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






46. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






47. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






48. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






49. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






50. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins







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