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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






2. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






3. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






4. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






5. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






6. Animals that eat both plants and animals






7. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






8. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






9. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






10. Determines water holding capacity






11. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






12. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






13. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






14. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






15. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






16. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






17. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






18. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






19. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






20. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






21. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






22. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






23. Conserve water actively






24. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






25. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






26. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






27. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






28. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






29. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






30. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






31. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






32. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






33. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






34. Animals that consume dead animals






35. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






36. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






37. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






38. Rock and soil surface






39. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






40. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






41. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






42. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






43. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






44. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






45. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






46. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






47. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






48. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






49. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






50. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down







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