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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






2. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






3. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






4. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






5. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






6. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






7. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






8. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






9. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






10. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






11. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






12. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






13. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






14. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






15. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






16. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






17. Determines water holding capacity






18. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






19. Animals that eat both plants and animals






20. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






21. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






22. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






23. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






24. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






25. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






26. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






27. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






28. The oceans






29. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






30. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






31. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






32. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






33. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






34. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






35. The chief disruptive force






36. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






37. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






38. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






39. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






40. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






41. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






42. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






43. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






44. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






45. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






46. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






47. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






48. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






49. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






50. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?



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