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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






2. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






3. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






4. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






5. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






6. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






7. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






8. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






9. Conserve water actively






10. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






11. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






12. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






13. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






14. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






15. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






16. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






17. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






18. Crawling and sessile organsms






19. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






20. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






21. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






22. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






23. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






24. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






25. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






26. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






27. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






28. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






29. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






30. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






31. Animals that consume dead animals






32. First to resettle a virgin area






33. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






34. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






35. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






36. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






37. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






38. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






39. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






40. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






41. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






42. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






43. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






44. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






45. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






46. Rock and soil surface






47. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






48. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






49. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






50. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates







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