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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






2. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






3. Links between oceans and land






4. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






5. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






6. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






7. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






8. First to resettle a virgin area






9. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






10. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






11. The chief disruptive force






12. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






13. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






14. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






15. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






16. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






17. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






18. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






19. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






20. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






21. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






22. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






23. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






24. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






25. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






26. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






27. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






28. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






29. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






30. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






31. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






32. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






33. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






34. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






35. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






36. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






37. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






38. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






39. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






40. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






41. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






42. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






43. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






44. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






45. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






46. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






47. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






48. Lichens and moss






49. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






50. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host