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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






2. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






3. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






4. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






5. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






6. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






7. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






8. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






9. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






10. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






11. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






12. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






13. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






14. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






15. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






16. The oceans






17. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






18. Animals that eat both plants and animals






19. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






20. Conserve water actively






21. Distinct community in a geographic region






22. The chief disruptive force






23. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






24. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






25. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






26. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






27. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






28. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






29. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






30. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






31. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






32. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






33. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






34. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






35. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






36. First to resettle a virgin area






37. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






38. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






39. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






40. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






41. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






42. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






43. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






44. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






45. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






46. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






47. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






48. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






49. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






50. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air