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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






2. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






3. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






4. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






5. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






6. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






7. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






8. Links between oceans and land






9. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






10. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






11. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






12. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






13. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






14. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






15. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






16. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






17. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






18. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






19. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






20. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






21. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






22. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






23. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






24. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






25. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






26. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






27. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






28. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






29. First to resettle a virgin area






30. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






31. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






32. Distinct community in a geographic region






33. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






34. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






35. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






36. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






37. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






38. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






39. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






40. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






41. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






42. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






43. Crawling and sessile organsms






44. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






45. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






46. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






47. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






48. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






49. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






50. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae