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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






2. Lichens and moss






3. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






4. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






5. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






6. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






7. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






8. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






9. Links between oceans and land






10. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






11. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






12. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






13. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






14. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






15. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






16. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






17. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






18. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






19. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






20. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






21. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






22. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






23. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






24. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






25. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






26. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






27. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






28. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






29. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






30. The chief disruptive force






31. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






32. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






33. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






34. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






35. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






36. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






37. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






38. Distinct community in a geographic region






39. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






40. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






41. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






42. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






43. An essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids - which are the building blocks of all living things






44. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






45. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






46. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






47. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






48. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






49. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






50. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria