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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Ecology
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air
Hypotonic
Substratum (soil/rock)
Carbon Cycle 3
Heterotrophs
2. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere
Pyramid of Mass
Biosphere
Successive Communities
Other Cycles
3. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence
Environment
Climate and weather
Nekton
Desert animals
4. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by
Taiga Plants
Climate and weather
Substratum-pH
Omnivores
5. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival
Ecosystem
Competition
Substratum-Humus
Predator-Prey relationship
6. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae
Substratum-texture
Photic Zone animals
Epiphytes
Population
7. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes
Substratum-pH
Marine Biomes
Physical Environment-Temperature
Successive Communities
8. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat
Marine Biomes
Community
Carbon Cycle 1
Tropical Rain Forest Plants
9. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather
Cohesive Force
Competition Same Niche 3
Nekton
Food Web
10. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada
Tertiary Consumers
Temperate Coniferous Forest Biome
Biosphere
Hemeothermic (Warm Blooded)
11. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab
Cohesive Force
Heterotrophs
Aquatic Biomes
Biome
12. Organisms that manufacture their own food
Decomposer
Ecological Succession
Temperate Deciduous Forest Plants
Autotrophs
13. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor
Epiphytes
Nitrogen Cycle 3
Aquatic Biomes
Photic Zone
14. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species
Material Cycles
Competition Same Niche
Pyramid of Energy
Sere
15. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness
Community
Substratum-Humus
Nitrogen Cycle 4
Intertidal Zone
16. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion
Taiga Animals
Intraspecific Interactions
Hemeothermic (Warm Blooded)
Biome
17. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil
Substratum (soil/rock)
Parasitism
Predator-Prey relationship
Tertiary Consumers
18. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another
Intraspecific Interactions
Pioneer Organism
Food Pyramids
Coimax Vegetatioin
19. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft
Photic zone
Hemeothermic (Warm Blooded)
Hypotonic
Parasitism
20. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants
Saprophytes
Hydrosphere
Organism
Symbionts
21. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes
Tropical Rain Forest Plants
Population
Competition Same Niche
Organism
22. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens
Thundra Animals
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Competition Same Niche
Predator-Prey relationship
23. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves
Abiotic (Physical) Environment
Temperate Coniferous Plants
Nitrogen Cycle 3
Food Pyramids
24. First to resettle a virgin area
Taiga Plants
Pioneer Organism
Polar Region
Temperate Deciduous Forest Plants
25. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia
Tropical Rain Forest Biome
Coimax Vegetatioin
Communities
Abiotic (Physical) Environment
26. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids
Carnivores
Climate and weather
Producers
Pyramid of Numbers
27. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs
Intertidal Zone Population
Nitrogen cycle 1
Temperate Coniferous Plants
Carnivores
28. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms
Hydrosphere
Scavengers
Predators
Niche
29. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place
Aquatic Biomes
Nitrogen Cycle 5
Niche
Photic Zone
30. Distinct community in a geographic region
Biome
Biosphere
Biotic Community
Competition Same Niche 2
31. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions
Dominant Species
Abiotic (Physical) Environment
Successive Communities
Taiga Biome
32. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location
Population
Herbivores
Conditions for stability in an Ecosystem
Competition Same Niche
33. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina
Grassland Biome
Nitrogen Cycle 2
Photic Zone animals
Lithosphere
34. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans
Pyramid of Energy
Niche
Polar Region
Competition Same Niche 2
35. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms
Hypotonic
Heterotrophs
Successive Communities
Material Cycles
36. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria
Competition
Communities
Nitrified
Niche
37. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil
Substratum-Humus
Environment
Tundra Plants
Physical Environment-Sunlight
38. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat
Taiga Biome
Biotic Environment
Deep-sea Organisms
Second Law of Thermodynamics
39. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition
Symbionts
Food Chain
Substratum-Minerals
Desert Plants
40. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology
Biotic Community
Pyramid of Numbers
Abiotic (Physical) Environment
Grassland Biome
41. One that exerts control over the other species that are present
Deep-sea Organisms
Dominant Species
Substratum-Minerals
Predator-Prey relationship
42. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include
Taiga Animals
Aphotic Zone
Hypotonic
Hemeothermic (Warm Blooded)
43. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web
Nitrogen
Food Web
Communities
Niche
44. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms
Physical Environment-Sunlight
Biotic Environment
Food Chain
Commensalism
45. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho
Food Web
Competition Same Niche
Niche
Substratum (soil/rock)
46. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness
Deep-sea Organisms
Tertiary Consumers
Ecological Succession
Nitrogen
47. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established
Tropical Rain Forest Animals
Ecological Succession
Saprophytes
Temperate Deciduous Forest Biome
48. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates
Nitrogen cycle 1
Temperate Deciduous Forest Plants
Cohesive Force
Pyramid of Numbers
49. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active
Intertidal Zone Population
Poikilothermic (Cold Blooded)
Tropical Rain Forest Animals
Nitrogen Cycle 5
50. Crawling and sessile organsms
Benthos
Physical Environment-Sunlight
Communities
Competition