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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






2. Crawling and sessile organsms






3. Animals that eat both plants and animals






4. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






5. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






6. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






7. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






8. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






9. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






10. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






11. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






12. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






13. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






14. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






15. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






16. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






17. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






18. First to resettle a virgin area






19. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






20. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






21. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






22. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






23. Links between oceans and land






24. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






25. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






26. The oceans






27. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






28. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






29. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






30. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






31. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






32. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






33. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






34. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






35. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






36. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






37. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






38. Distinct community in a geographic region






39. Organisms that manufacture their own food






40. Rock and soil surface






41. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






42. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






43. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






44. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






45. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






46. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






47. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






48. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






49. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






50. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat







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