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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






2. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






3. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






4. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






5. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






6. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






7. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






8. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






9. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






10. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






11. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






12. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






13. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






14. The oceans






15. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






16. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






17. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






18. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






19. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






20. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






21. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






22. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






23. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






24. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






25. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






26. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






27. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






28. Crawling and sessile organsms






29. Animals that eat both plants and animals






30. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






31. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






32. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






33. The chief disruptive force






34. Rock and soil surface






35. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






36. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






37. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






38. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






39. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






40. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






41. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






42. Distinct community in a geographic region






43. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






44. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






45. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






46. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






47. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






48. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






49. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






50. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere