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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






2. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






3. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






4. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






5. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






6. The chief disruptive force






7. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






8. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






9. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






10. Animals that eat both plants and animals






11. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






12. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






13. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






14. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






15. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






16. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






17. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






18. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






19. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






20. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






21. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






22. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






23. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






24. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






25. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






26. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






27. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






28. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






29. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






30. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






31. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






32. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






33. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






34. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






35. Animals that consume dead animals






36. Conserve water actively






37. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






38. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






39. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






40. Chief animal inhabitant is the moose; however - the black bear - wolf - and some birds






41. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






42. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






43. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






44. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






45. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






46. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






47. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






48. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






49. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






50. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host