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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






2. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






3. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






4. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






5. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






6. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






7. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






8. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






9. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






10. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






11. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






12. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






13. First to resettle a virgin area






14. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






15. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






16. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






17. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






18. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






19. Conserve water actively






20. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






21. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






22. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






23. Animals that eat both plants and animals






24. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






25. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






26. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






27. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






28. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






29. Rock and soil surface






30. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






31. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






32. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






33. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






34. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






35. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






36. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






37. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






38. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






39. Distinct community in a geographic region






40. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






41. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






42. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






43. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






44. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






45. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






46. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






47. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






48. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






49. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






50. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft







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