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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






2. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






3. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






4. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






5. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






6. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






7. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






8. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






9. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






10. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






11. Organisms that manufacture their own food






12. Links between oceans and land






13. First to resettle a virgin area






14. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






15. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






16. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






17. Rock and soil surface






18. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






19. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






20. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






21. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






22. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






23. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






24. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






25. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






26. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






27. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






28. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






29. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






30. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






31. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






32. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






33. The oceans






34. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






35. Determines water holding capacity






36. Animals that eat both plants and animals






37. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






38. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






39. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






40. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






41. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






42. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






43. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






44. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






45. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






46. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






47. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






48. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






49. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






50. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia