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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






2. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






3. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






4. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






5. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






6. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






7. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






8. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






9. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






10. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






11. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






12. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






13. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






14. Links between oceans and land






15. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






16. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






17. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






18. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






19. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






20. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






21. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






22. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






23. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






24. Animals that consume dead animals






25. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






26. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






27. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






28. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






29. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






30. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






31. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






32. Organisms that manufacture their own food






33. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






34. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






35. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






36. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






37. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






38. Rock and soil surface






39. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






40. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






41. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






42. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






43. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






44. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






45. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






46. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






47. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






48. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






49. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






50. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water