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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






2. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






3. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






4. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






5. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






6. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






7. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






8. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






9. Distinct community in a geographic region






10. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






11. Determines water holding capacity






12. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






13. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






14. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






15. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






16. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






17. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






18. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






19. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






20. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






21. The chief disruptive force






22. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






23. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






24. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






25. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






26. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






27. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






28. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






29. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






30. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






31. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






32. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






33. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






34. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






35. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






36. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






37. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






38. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






39. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






40. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






41. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






42. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






43. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






44. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






45. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






46. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






47. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






48. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






49. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






50. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft