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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






2. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






3. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






4. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






5. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






6. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






7. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






8. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






9. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






10. Conserve water actively






11. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






12. Rock and soil surface






13. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






14. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






15. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






16. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






17. The chief disruptive force






18. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






19. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






20. First to resettle a virgin area






21. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






22. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






23. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






24. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






25. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






26. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






27. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






28. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






29. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






30. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






31. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






32. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






33. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






34. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






35. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






36. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






37. An essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids - which are the building blocks of all living things






38. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






39. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






40. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






41. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






42. Links between oceans and land






43. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






44. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






45. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






46. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






47. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






48. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






49. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






50. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology