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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






2. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






3. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






4. Conserve water actively






5. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






6. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






7. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






8. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






9. An essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids - which are the building blocks of all living things






10. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






11. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






12. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






13. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






14. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






15. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






16. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






17. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






18. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






19. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






20. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






21. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






22. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






23. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






24. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






25. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






26. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






27. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






28. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






29. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






30. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






31. Rock and soil surface






32. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






33. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






34. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






35. Organisms that manufacture their own food






36. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






37. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






38. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






39. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






40. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






41. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






42. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






43. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






44. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






45. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






46. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






47. Crawling and sessile organsms






48. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






49. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






50. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes