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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






2. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






3. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






4. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






5. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






6. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






7. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






8. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






9. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






10. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






11. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






12. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






13. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






14. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






15. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






16. Crawling and sessile organsms






17. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






18. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






19. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






20. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






21. The oceans






22. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






23. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






24. The chief disruptive force






25. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






26. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






27. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






28. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






29. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






30. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






31. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






32. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






33. Chief animal inhabitant is the moose; however - the black bear - wolf - and some birds






34. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






35. An essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids - which are the building blocks of all living things






36. Rock and soil surface






37. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






38. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






39. Lichens and moss






40. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






41. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






42. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






43. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






44. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






45. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






46. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






47. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






48. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






49. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






50. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs