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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






2. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






3. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






4. Crawling and sessile organsms






5. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






6. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






7. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






8. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






9. Animals that eat both plants and animals






10. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






11. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






12. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






13. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






14. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






15. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






16. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






17. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






18. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






19. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






20. Links between oceans and land






21. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






22. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






23. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






24. Animals that consume dead animals






25. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






26. Lichens and moss






27. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






28. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






29. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






30. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






31. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






32. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






33. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






34. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






35. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






36. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






37. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






38. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






39. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






40. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






41. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






42. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






43. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






44. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






45. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






46. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






47. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






48. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






49. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






50. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places