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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






2. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






3. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






4. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






5. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






6. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






7. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






8. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






9. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






10. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






11. Chief animal inhabitant is the moose; however - the black bear - wolf - and some birds






12. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






13. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






14. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






15. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






16. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






17. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






18. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






19. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






20. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






21. An essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids - which are the building blocks of all living things






22. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






23. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






24. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






25. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






26. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






27. Organisms that manufacture their own food






28. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






29. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






30. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






31. The oceans






32. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






33. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






34. Crawling and sessile organsms






35. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






36. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






37. Distinct community in a geographic region






38. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






39. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






40. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






41. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






42. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






43. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






44. Conserve water actively






45. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






46. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






47. First to resettle a virgin area






48. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






49. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






50. The chief disruptive force






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