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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Ecology
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Animals that eat both plants and animals
Decomposer
Omnivores
Dominant Species
Competition Same Niche 2
2. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down
Pelagic Zone
Dominant Species
Pyramid of Numbers
Competition Same Niche 2
3. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms
Ecosystem
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Environment
Climax Community
4. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins
Physical Environment-Sunlight
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Nitrogen Cycle 2
Dentrified
5. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy
Polar Region
Temperate Deciduous Forest Plants
Producers
Tundra Biome
6. Crawling and sessile organsms
Nekton
Material Cycles
Environmental Factors
Benthos
7. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather
Benthos
Nature of Biomes
Cohesive Force
Intertidal Zone
8. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor
Environmental Factors
Environment
Saprophytes
Epiphytes
9. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported
Ecological Succession
Substratum-Minerals
Cohesive Force
Primary Consumers
10. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere
Intertidal Zone Population
Population
Biosphere
Nitrogen Cycle 2
11. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores
Littoral Zone
Pyramid of Numbers
Climax Community
Physical Environment-Temperature
12. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include
Hypotonic
Desert animals
Secondary Consumers
Tundra Plants
13. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens
Environment
Thundra Animals
Physical Environment-Temperature
Hemeothermic (Warm Blooded)
14. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat
Pyramid of Energy
Physical Environment-Sunlight
Population
Parasitism
15. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place
Photic Zone
Polar Region
Food Web
Taiga Animals
16. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates
Nitrogen cycle 1
Taiga Biome
Competition Same Niche 3
Taiga Plants
17. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes
Tropical Rain Forest Plants
Temperate Deciduous Forest Biome
Nitrogen cycle 1
Carbon Cycle 2
18. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition
Environmental Factors
Coimax Vegetatioin
Food Chain
Cohesive Force
19. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada
Biosphere
Material Cycles
Lithosphere
Temperate Coniferous Forest Biome
20. One that exerts control over the other species that are present
Community
Heterotrophs
Osmoregulation
Dominant Species
21. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness
Pyramid of Energy
Symbionts
Deep-sea Organisms
Intertidal Zone
22. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions
Scavengers
Epiphytes
Climate and weather
Successive Communities
23. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs
Food Pyramids
Other Cycles
Cohesive Force
Epiphytes
24. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina
Grassland Biome
Poikilothermic (Cold Blooded)
Photic Zone animals
Substratum-pH
25. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem
Saprophytes
Environment
Autotrophs
Pioneer Organism
26. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs
Intertidal Zone Population
Intertidal Zone
Nitrogen Cycle 4
Benthos
27. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction
Tundra Biome
Pyramid of Mass
Competition Same Niche
Ecological Succession
28. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species
Pioneer Organism
Sere
Nitrogen Cycle 3
Physical Environment-Temperature
29. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival
Predator-Prey relationship
Carbon Cycle 3
Tertiary Consumers
Taiga Biome
30. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms
Carnivores
Intraspecific Interactions
Taiga Animals
Material Cycles
31. Animals that consume dead animals
Tropical Rain Forest Animals
Primary Consumers
Pyramid of Numbers
Scavengers
32. The chief disruptive force
Rootlike holdfasts
Competition
Tropical Rain Forest Biome
Thundra Animals
33. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures
Photic Zone
Nitrogen Cycle 5
Desert animals
Coimax Vegetatioin
34. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water
Physical Environment- Water
Osmoregulation
Mutualims
Cohesive Force
35. Determines water holding capacity
Marshes
Pyramid of Numbers
Substratum-texture
Herbivores
36. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms
Herbivores
Physical Environment-Sunlight
Pyramid of Mass
Nekton
37. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)
Primary Consumers
Other Cycles
Nekton
Food Chain
38. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia
Taiga Biome
Physical Environment-Temperature
Saprophytes
Ecology
39. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria
Nitrogen Cycle 3
Nitrified
Temperate Deciduous Forest Biome
Benthos
40. Forest floors contain moss and lichens
Substratum-texture
Taiga Plants
Carbon Cycle 2
Tundra Plants
41. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches
Substratum-pH
Competition Same Niche 3
Food Web
Pelagic Zone
42. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants
Epiphytes
Commensalism
Symbionts
Material Cycles
43. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air
Carbon Cycle 3
Competition Same Niche 3
Primary Consumers
Epiphytes
44. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids
Biotic Environment
Coimax Vegetatioin
Producers
Community
45. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae
Obligatory
Aphotic Zone
Photic Zone animals
Freshwater Biomes
46. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web
Polar Region
Food Web
Marshes
Predators
47. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing
Competition Same Niche 2
Physical Environment- Water
Herbivores
Species
48. The major component of the internal environment of all living things
Aphotic Zone
Ecology
Physical Environment- Water
Taiga Plants
49. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by
Climate and weather
Poikilothermic (Cold Blooded)
Population
Predators
50. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness
Population
Intertidal Zone
Competition
Desert animals
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