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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






2. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






3. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






4. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






5. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






6. Crawling and sessile organsms






7. Rock and soil surface






8. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






9. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






10. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






11. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






12. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






13. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






14. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






15. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






16. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






17. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






18. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






19. The oceans






20. Determines water holding capacity






21. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






22. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






23. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






24. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






25. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






26. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






27. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






28. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






29. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






30. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






31. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






32. Conserve water actively






33. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






34. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






35. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






36. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






37. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






38. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






39. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






40. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






41. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






42. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






43. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






44. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






45. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






46. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






47. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






48. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






49. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






50. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air