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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






2. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






3. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






4. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






5. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






6. Animals that eat both plants and animals






7. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






8. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






9. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






10. Distinct community in a geographic region






11. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






12. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






13. An essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids - which are the building blocks of all living things






14. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






15. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






16. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






17. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






18. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






19. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






20. Determines water holding capacity






21. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






22. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






23. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






24. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






25. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






26. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






27. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






28. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






29. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






30. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






31. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






32. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






33. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






34. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






35. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






36. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






37. Chief animal inhabitant is the moose; however - the black bear - wolf - and some birds






38. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






39. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






40. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






41. Animals that consume dead animals






42. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






43. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






44. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






45. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






46. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






47. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






48. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






49. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






50. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food