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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






2. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






3. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






4. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






5. Determines water holding capacity






6. Links between oceans and land






7. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






8. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






9. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






10. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






11. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






12. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






13. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






14. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






15. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






16. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






17. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






18. Organisms that manufacture their own food






19. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






20. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






21. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






22. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






23. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






24. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






25. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






26. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment






27. Conserve water actively






28. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






29. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






30. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






31. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






32. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






33. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






34. The oceans






35. Animals that eat both plants and animals






36. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






37. Chief animal inhabitant is the moose; however - the black bear - wolf - and some birds






38. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






39. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






40. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






41. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






42. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






43. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






44. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






45. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






46. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






47. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






48. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






49. Animals that consume dead animals






50. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants