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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






2. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






3. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






4. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






5. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






6. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






7. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






8. Distinct community in a geographic region






9. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






10. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






11. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






12. The chief disruptive force






13. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






14. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






15. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






16. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






17. Conserve water actively






18. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






19. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






20. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






21. First to resettle a virgin area






22. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






23. Crawling and sessile organsms






24. Lichens and moss






25. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






26. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






27. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






28. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






29. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






30. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






31. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






32. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






33. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






34. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






35. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






36. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






37. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






38. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






39. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






40. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






41. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






42. The oceans






43. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






44. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






45. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






46. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






47. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






48. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






49. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






50. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by