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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






2. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






3. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






4. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






5. First to resettle a virgin area






6. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






7. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






8. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






9. An essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids - which are the building blocks of all living things






10. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






11. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






12. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






13. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






14. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






15. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






16. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






17. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






18. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






19. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






20. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






21. Links between oceans and land






22. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






23. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






24. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






25. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






26. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






27. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






28. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






29. Animals that consume dead animals






30. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






31. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






32. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






33. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






34. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






35. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






36. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






37. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






38. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






39. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






40. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






41. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






42. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






43. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






44. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






45. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






46. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






47. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






48. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






49. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






50. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species