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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






2. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






3. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






4. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






5. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






6. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






7. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






8. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






9. Distinct community in a geographic region






10. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






11. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






12. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






13. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






14. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






15. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






16. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






17. Animals that consume dead animals






18. Chief animal inhabitant is the moose; however - the black bear - wolf - and some birds






19. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






20. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






21. First to resettle a virgin area






22. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






23. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






24. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






25. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






26. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






27. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






28. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






29. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






30. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






31. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






32. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






33. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






34. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






35. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






36. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






37. Links between oceans and land






38. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






39. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






40. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






41. Lichens and moss






42. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






43. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






44. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






45. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






46. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






47. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






48. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






49. Animals that eat both plants and animals






50. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish