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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






2. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






3. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






4. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






5. Animals that eat both plants and animals






6. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






7. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






8. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






9. Determine by the amount of decaying plant and animal life in the soil






10. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






11. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






12. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






13. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






14. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






15. Conserve water actively






16. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






17. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






18. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






19. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






20. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






21. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






22. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






23. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






24. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






25. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






26. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






27. Animals that consume dead animals






28. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






29. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






30. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






31. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






32. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






33. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






34. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






35. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






36. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






37. First to resettle a virgin area






38. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






39. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






40. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






41. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






42. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






43. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






44. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






45. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






46. Distinct community in a geographic region






47. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






48. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






49. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






50. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light







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