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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






2. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






3. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






4. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






5. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






6. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






7. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






8. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






9. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






10. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






11. The oceans






12. Crawling and sessile organsms






13. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






14. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






15. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






16. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






17. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






18. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






19. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






20. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






21. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






22. Animals that eat both plants and animals






23. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






24. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






25. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






26. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






27. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






28. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






29. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






30. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






31. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






32. Conserve water actively






33. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






34. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






35. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






36. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






37. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






38. Rhododendrons and pines are more suited for growth in acid oil






39. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






40. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






41. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






42. Links between oceans and land






43. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






44. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






45. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






46. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






47. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






48. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






49. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






50. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die