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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






2. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






3. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






4. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






5. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






6. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






7. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






8. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






9. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






10. Animals that eat both plants and animals






11. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






12. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






13. The oceans






14. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






15. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






16. Links between oceans and land






17. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






18. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






19. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






20. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






21. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






22. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






23. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






24. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






25. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






26. Animals that consume dead animals






27. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






28. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






29. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






30. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






31. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






32. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






33. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






34. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






35. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






36. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






37. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






38. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






39. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






40. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






41. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






42. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






43. Distinct community in a geographic region






44. Individual unit of an ecological system - but the organism itself is composed of smaller units -organs >tissues >cells >molecules >atoms > subatomic particles






45. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






46. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






47. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






48. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






49. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






50. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab