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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






2. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






3. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






4. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






5. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






6. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






7. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






8. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






9. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






10. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






11. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






12. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






13. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






14. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






15. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






16. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






17. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






18. Distinct community in a geographic region






19. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






20. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






21. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






22. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






23. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






24. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






25. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






26. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






27. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






28. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






29. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






30. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






31. Lichens and moss






32. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






33. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






34. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






35. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






36. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






37. First to resettle a virgin area






38. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals






39. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






40. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






41. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






42. Animals that consume dead animals






43. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






44. Region typical of the open seas and can be divided into photic and aphotic zones






45. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






46. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






47. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






48. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






49. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






50. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels