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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






2. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






3. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






4. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






5. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






6. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






7. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






8. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






9. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






10. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






11. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






12. The oceans






13. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






14. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






15. Animals that eat both plants and animals






16. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






17. Lichens and moss






18. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






19. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






20. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






21. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






22. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






23. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






24. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






25. The chief disruptive force






26. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






27. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






28. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






29. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






30. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






31. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






32. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






33. Chief animal inhabitant is the moose; however - the black bear - wolf - and some birds






34. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






35. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






36. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






37. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






38. First to resettle a virgin area






39. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






40. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






41. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






42. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






43. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






44. Animals that consume dead animals






45. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






46. Determines water holding capacity






47. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






48. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






49. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






50. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness