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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






2. Conserve water actively






3. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






4. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






5. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






6. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






7. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






8. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






9. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






10. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






11. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






12. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






13. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






14. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






15. Frozen area with no vegetation and terrestrial animals -animals that do inhabit polar regions generally live near the polar oceans






16. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






17. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






18. Animals that eat both plants and animals






19. Crawling and sessile organsms






20. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






21. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






22. Consists of populations of different plants and animal species interacting with each other in a given environment






23. Lichens and moss






24. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






25. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






26. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






27. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






28. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






29. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






30. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






31. The oceans






32. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






33. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






34. Animals eat the plants and synthesize specific animal proteins form the plant proteins. both plants and animals give off wastes and eventually die






35. Determines water holding capacity






36. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






37. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






38. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






39. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






40. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






41. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






42. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






43. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






44. Links between oceans and land






45. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






46. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






47. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






48. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






49. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






50. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists