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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






2. Animals that consume dead animals






3. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






4. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






5. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






6. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






7. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






8. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






9. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






10. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness






11. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






12. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






13. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






14. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






15. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






16. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






17. Conserve water actively






18. First to resettle a virgin area






19. Chief animal inhabitant is the moose; however - the black bear - wolf - and some birds






20. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






21. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






22. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






23. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






24. Defines the functional role of an organism in its ecosystem -described what the organism eats - where and how it obtains its food - what climatic factors it can tolerate and which are optimal - the nature of its parasites and predators - where and ho






25. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






26. Determined by the same decisive factors-temperatures and rainfall






27. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






28. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






29. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






30. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






31. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






32. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






33. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






34. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






35. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






36. Trees such as beech - maple - oaks - and willows shed their leaves during cold winters months






37. Rivers - lakes - ponds - and marshes






38. The vegetation that becomes dominant and stable after years of evolutiionary development






39. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






40. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






41. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






42. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






43. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






44. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






45. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






46. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






47. Crawling and sessile organsms






48. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






49. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






50. Animals eat plants and use the digested nutrients to form carbohydrates - fats - and proteins characteristic of the species. a part of these organic compounds is used as fuel in respiration in plants and animals