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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Must be maintained at an optimal level -organisms have adaptations necessary for protection against extremes






2. Animals that consume dead animals






3. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






4. First to resettle a virgin area






5. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






6. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






7. Integrated system of species that are dependent upon one another for survival






8. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






9. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






10. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






11. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






12. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






13. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






14. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






15. Links between oceans and land






16. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






17. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






18. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






19. Animals that eat both plants and animals






20. Lichens and moss






21. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






22. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






23. Used to include only the population and not their physical environment






24. Deer - fox - woodchuck - and squirrel






25. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






26. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






27. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






28. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






29. The oceans






30. Ammonia (NH3) is broken down to release free nitrogen - which returns to the beginning of the denitrifying






31. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






32. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






33. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






34. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






35. Sunlit layer of the open sea extending to a depth of 250-600ft






36. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






37. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






38. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






39. Organisms that manufacture their own food






40. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






41. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






42. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






43. Only animal life and other heterotrophic life exists






44. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






45. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






46. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






47. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






48. The chief disruptive force






49. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






50. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia