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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Animals that eat both plants and animals






2. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






3. Includes the community and the environment and usually all five kingdoms






4. Nitrates are absorbed by plants are used to syntheisze nucleic acids and plant proteins






5. Treeless - frozen plain found between the taiga lands and the northern ice sheets - very short summer and thus a very short growing season during which time the ground becomes wet and marshy






6. Crawling and sessile organsms






7. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






8. Plants growing on other plants - trees grow closely together; sunlight hardly reaches the forest floor






9. Affect the type of vegetation that can be supported






10. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






11. Region on the continental shelf that contains ocean area with depths up to 600 feet and extends several hundred miles from the shores






12. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






13. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






14. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






15. In the ocean - the top layer thorugh which light can penetrate - is where all aquatic photosynthetic activity takes place






16. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






17. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






18. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






19. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






20. One that exerts control over the other species that are present






21. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






22. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






23. Without a constant input of energy from the sun - an ecosystem would soon run down - as food is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next - a transfer of energy occurs






24. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






25. Include those protists and fungi that decompose dead organic matter externally and absorb the nutrients - they consistitute a vital link in the cycling of material within the ecosystem






26. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






27. One species may be competitively superior to the other and drive the second to extinction






28. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






29. Evolve toward a balance in which the predator is a regulatory influence on th prey but not a threat to its survival






30. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






31. Animals that consume dead animals






32. The chief disruptive force






33. Live in burrows had few birds and mammals are found except those which have developed adaptations for maintaining constant body temperatures






34. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






35. Determines water holding capacity






36. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






37. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






38. Receive less rainfall than the temperate forests - have long - cold winters - and are inhabited by single coniferous tree-the spruce -extreme northern parts of Canada and Russia






39. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






40. Forest floors contain moss and lichens






41. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






42. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






43. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






44. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






45. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






46. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






47. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing






48. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






49. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 3: Freshwater biomes - except very large lakes - are affected by variations in _________. temperature of freshwater bodies varies considerably; they may freeze or dry up - and mud from their floors may be stirred up by






50. Region exposed to low tides that undergoes variations in temperature and periods of dryness







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