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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






2. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions






3. Include reproduction and protection from predators and destructive weather






4. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






5. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






6. Two species may rapidly evolve in divergent directions under the strong selection pressure resulting from intense competition. thus - the two species would rapidly evolve greater differences in their niches






7. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






8. Active swimmers such as fish - sharks - or whales that feed on plankton and smaller fish






9. Each member of a food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from its food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






10. Crawling and sessile organsms






11. Made into nitrites by chemosynthetic bacteria and then to usable nitrates by nitrifying bacteria






12. Gaseous CO2 enters the living world when plants use it to produce glucose via photosynthesis. The carbon atoms in CO2 are bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. the plant uses the glucose to make starch - proteins - and fat






13. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






14. Have cold winters - warm summers - and moderate rainfall -found in the Northeast and Central-Eastern United States and Central Europe






15. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






16. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






17. (living) includes all living things that directly or indirectly influence the life of the organism including the relationships that exist between organisms






18. Elemental nitrogen is chemically inert and cannot be used by most organisms. Lightning and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of legumes change the nitrogen into the usable - soluble nitrates






19. Receive less than ten inches of rain each year; the rain is concentrated within a few heavy cloudbursts -ex: Sahara in Africa and Gobi in Asia






20. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






21. Determines the nature of plant and animal life in the soil






22. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






23. The major component of the internal environment of all living things






24. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






25. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






26. Vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle shaped leaves






27. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






28. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






29. Lichens and moss






30. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






31. Developed long legs and many are hoofed






32. The chief disruptive force






33. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






34. Two fates await the ammonia (NH3). some are nitrified or dentrified






35. Animals that consume only plants or plant foods






36. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






37. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






38. Every energy transfer involves a loss of energy and each level of the food chain uses some of the energy it obtains from the food for its own metabolism and loses some additional energy in the form of heat






39. The oceans






40. When a parasite benefits at the expense of the host






41. Encompasses all that is external to the organism and is necessary for its existence






42. Monkeys - lizards - snakes - and birds - floor is inhabited by saprophytes






43. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






44. Cannot synthesize their ow food and must depend upon autotrophs or others in the ecosystem to obtain their food






45. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






46. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






47. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






48. Contains plankton - passively drifting masses of microscopic photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms - and nekton - and algae






49. Energy is transferred from the original sources in green plants through a series o organisms with repeated stages of consumption and finally decomposition






50. Any group of similar organisms that are capable of reproducing