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PCAT Biology Ecology

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Group of organisms of the same species living together in a given location






2. Adaptations for maintaining their internal osmolarity and conserving water






3. Needs constant energy source and cycling of materials between the living system






4. More than 70% of earth -plants have little controlling influence in communities -most stable ecosystems; the conditions affecting temperature - amount of available oxygen and cabon dioxide - and amount of suspended or dissolve materials are very stab






5. Live together in an intimate - often permanent association - which may or may not be beneficial to both participants






6. Animals that feed on secondary consumer






7. Animals that consume primary consumers (carnivores)






8. Include saprophytic organisms and organisms of decay






9. Includes climate - temperature - availability of light and water - and the local topology






10. Free-living organisms that feed on other living organisms






11. Animals that consume green plants (herbivores)






12. One or both organisms can't survive without the other






13. Polar bears - musk oxen - and arctic hens






14. Because organisms at the upper levels of the food chain derive their food energy from organisms at lower levels - and because energy is lost from one level to the next - each level can support a successively smaller biomass






15. Nekton and benthos - scavengers - and predators (fiercely competitive)






16. Autotrophic green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria that use the energy of the sun and simple raw materials to manufacture carbohydrates - proteins - and lipids






17. Jungles characterized by high temperatures and torrential rains -found in Central Africa - Central America - the Amazon basic - and Southeast Asia






18. Oceans connect to form one continuous body of water - which controls the earth's temperature by absorbing solar heat






19. The metabolically produced CO2 is released to the air. The rest of the orgnaic carbon remains locked whthin an organism until its death (except for wastes given off) - at which time decay processes by bacteria return the CO2 to the air






20. Material is cycled and recycled betweenn organisms and their environments - passing from inorganic forms to organic forms and then back to the inorganic forms






21. Symbiotic relationship from which both organisms derive some benefit






22. Includes all portions of the planet that support life -the atmosphere - the lithosphere - and the hydrosphere






23. Food chain is not a simple linear chain but an intricate web






24. Nutrients - water - and sunlight limitations aid in maintaining populations at relatively constant levels






25. Determines water holding capacity






26. Have adaptations enabling them to survive in very cod water - with high pressures - and in complete darkness






27. One species may be competitively superior in some regions - and the other may be superior in other regions under different environmental conditions. this would result in the elimination of one species in some places and the other in other places






28. The orderly process by which one biotic community replaces or succeeds another until a climax community is established






29. Individuals belonging to the same species use the same resources and if a particular resource is limited - then these organisms must compete with one another






30. Algae - sponges - clams - snails - sea urchins - starfish - and crabs






31. Characterized by low rainfall - although considerably more than the desert biomes receive -provide no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators -ex: East of the Rockies - steppes of the Ukraine - and the pampas of Argentina






32. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 1: Freshwater is _______________ which results in the passage of water into the cell. Freshwater organisms have homeostatic mechanisms to maintain water balance by the regular removal of the excess water. these include






33. Community in an ecological succession is identified by a dominant species






34. Vegetation such as vines and eppiphytes






35. The stable - living part of the ecosystem in whicih populations exist in balance with each other and with the environment






36. Regiong beneatht he photic zone that receives no light






37. Body temperature is very close to that of their surroundings -as temperature rises - these organisms become more active






38. Animals that eat both plants and animals






39. When one organism is benefited by the association and the other is not affected






40. Consumer organisms that are higher in hte food chain are usually larger and heavier than those further down






41. The ultimate source of energy for all organisms






42. Recycle water - oxygen - and phosphorus






43. Algae - crabs - crustacea - and many different species of fish






44. Freshwater Biomes vs. Saltwater 2: In rivers and streams - strong swift currents exist - and thus fish that have developed strong muscles and plants with _____________ have survived






45. Links between oceans and land






46. The nitrogen locked up in the wastes and dead tissues is released by the action of the bacteria of decay - which convert the proteins into ammonia






47. Evolved physical mechanisms that allow them to make Use of the heat produced as a consequence of respiratiion






48. Animals that only eat other animals -possess pointed teeth and fang-like canine teeth for tearing flesh -have shorter digestive tracts because the easier digestibility of animal food






49. Cold - dry - and inhabited by fir - pine - and spruce trees -much vegetation has evolved adaptations for water conservation such as needle-shaped leaves -Extreme Northern Part of the US and in Southern Canada






50. Composed of populations that are able to exist under the new conditions