Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Genetics

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism






2. Where protein synthesis occurs






3. Genetic makeup of an individual






4. May be found on the plasmids and transferred into recipient cells along with these factors






5. Occurs when linked genes are separated






6. Structure formed when many ribosomes simultaneously translate a single mRNA molecule






7. (UAA - UAG - or UGA) terminates polypeptide synthesis






8. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously






9. Ribonucleic acid -polynucleotide structurally similar to DNA except that its sugar is ribose -contains uracil instead of thymine -usually single stranded -found in both nucleus and cytoplasm -several types are involved with mRNA - tRNA - and rRNA






10. Binds to the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex (Arriving site)






11. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands






12. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices






13. New codon may code for a different amino acid






14. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction






15. Sugar-phosphate chains on the outside of the helix and the bases on the inside -C-G - T-A -AKA Watson Crick DNA model






16. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance






17. True-breeding individuals (which - if self-crossed - produce progeny only with the parental phenotype) with different traits - mated them - and statistically analyzed the inheritance of the traits in the progeny






18. Bacteriophages that replicate by the lytic cycle - killing their host cells






19. Only one trait is being studied in this particular mating






20. Dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


21. (AUG) ribosome scans the mRNA until it bonds to this (methionine) and UAC on anticodon of tRNA






22. Pairs of homologues in sexually differentiated species






23. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


24. Can be altered under certain conditions - altering the corresponding characteristics in the organism






25. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid






26. Fruit fly -produces often (short life cycle) -reproduces in large numbers (large sample size) -chromosomes (especially in the salivary gland) are large and easily recognizable in size and shape -its chromosomes are few (4 pairs - 2n=8) -Mutations occ






27. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X






28. Small circular rings of DNA which contain accessory genes






29. May occur spontaneously or be induced by environmental factors






30. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group






31. Expressed allele -usually assigned capital letters






32. Organisms that contain two copies of the same allele






33. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea






34. Each new daughter helix contains an intact strand from the parent helix and a newly synthesized strand






35. Formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site and the fmet attached to the tRNA in the P site






36. Progeny generations






37. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis






38. TRNA binding site for ribosomes to attach to the growing polypeptide chain (peace out site)






39. New codon may code for the same amino acid






40. Individuals being crossed






41. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next






42. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon






43. Complex that can't bind to the operator - thus permitting transcription






44. Consists of a single circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region of the cell






45. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup






46. Carries the complement of a DNA sequence and transports it from the nucleus to the ribosomes -assembled from ribonucleotides that are complementary to the 'sense' strand of the DNA -monocistronic






47. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets






48. Phage DNA takes control of the bacterium's genetic machinery and manufactures numerous progeny - causing the cell to lyse - releasing new virions - each capable of infecting other bacteria -if initial infection takes place on a bacterial lawn - then






49. Diagnostic tool to determine the genotype of an organism -Only with a recessive phenotype can genotype be predicted with 100% accuracy -if dominant phenotype is expressed - the genotype can be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous -used to deter






50. Can often affect the expression of a gene -interaction betwen the enironment and the genotype produces the phenotype