Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Genetics

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. New codon may code for a different amino acid






2. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)






3. Can often affect the expression of a gene -interaction betwen the enironment and the genotype produces the phenotype






4. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup






5. Diagnostic tool to determine the genotype of an organism -Only with a recessive phenotype can genotype be predicted with 100% accuracy -if dominant phenotype is expressed - the genotype can be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous -used to deter






6. Changes in the genetic information of a cell coded in the DNA -if occured in the somatic cells - it can lead to tumors in an individual






7. Consists of structural genes






8. Formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site and the fmet attached to the tRNA in the P site






9. Initiation - elongation - and termination






10. Bacteriophages that replicate by the lytic cycle - killing their host cells






11. Silent allele -usually assigned capital letters






12. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


13. True-breeding individuals (which - if self-crossed - produce progeny only with the parental phenotype) with different traits - mated them - and statistically analyzed the inheritance of the traits in the progeny






14. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction






15. Codes for the synthesis of a repressor molecule that binds to the operator and blocks RNA polymerase form transcribing the structural genes






16. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group






17. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes






18. Organisms that carry two different alleles






19. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis






20. Binds to the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex (Arriving site)






21. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide






22. May infect other bacteria and introduce new genetic arrangements through recombination with the new host cell's DNA






23. The process whereby information coded in the base sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. the remaining events of protein synthesis occur in the cytoplasm






24. Plasmids that are capable of integration into the bacterial genome






25. Structural component of ribsomes and is the most abundant of all RNA types -synthesized in the nucleolus






26. Only one trait is being studied in this particular mating






27. Either the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis I or the failure of sister chromatids to separate properly during meiosis II -zygote might either have 3 copies of that chromosome (trisomy) or just a single copy (monos






28. Consists of a single circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region of the cell






29. Degeneracy/redundancy of the genetic code since there are 64 different codons and only 20 amino acids






30. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism






31. On amino acid which has an active site that binds to both the amino acid and its corresponding tRNA - ctalyzing their attachment to form an aminoacyl-tRNA complex






32. Pairs of homologues in sexually differentiated species






33. Composed of two subunits (consisting of proteins and rRNA) - one large and one small - that bind together only during protein synthesis -have 3 binding sites (for mRNA and two tRNA)






34. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e






35. Short segments from lagging strand






36. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets






37. Ribonucleic acid -polynucleotide structurally similar to DNA except that its sugar is ribose -contains uracil instead of thymine -usually single stranded -found in both nucleus and cytoplasm -several types are involved with mRNA - tRNA - and rRNA






38. Virus that infcts its host bacterium by attaching to it - boring a hole through the bacterial cell wall - and injecting its DNA while its protein coat remains attached to the cell wall and enters the host in either a lytic cycle or a lysogenic cycle






39. The ribosome advances three nucleotides along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction and the uncharged tRNA from the P site is expelled - and the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site moves into the P site and completes the cycle






40. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next






41. Alternative forms of genes when it exists in more than one form






42. The noncoding sequence of DNA that serves as the initial binding site for RNA polymerase






43. Cell burst






44. Where protein synthesis occurs






45. (UAA - UAG - or UGA) terminates polypeptide synthesis






46. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex






47. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon






48. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection






49. Process whereby mRNA codons are translated intoa sequence of amino acids -occurs in cytoplasm and involves tRNA - ribosomes - mRNA - amino acids - enzymes - and other proteins






50. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid