SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. May infect other bacteria and introduce new genetic arrangements through recombination with the new host cell's DNA
Environmental Factors
Phenotype
Recessive Allele
Varions
2. Carries the complement of a DNA sequence and transports it from the nucleus to the ribosomes -assembled from ribonucleotides that are complementary to the 'sense' strand of the DNA -monocistronic
Lagging Strand
Conjugation
Messenger mRNA
Operator Gene
3. Short segments from lagging strand
Translocation
Chromosomal Breakage
Okazaki fragments
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
4. Structural component of ribsomes and is the most abundant of all RNA types -synthesized in the nucleolus
Operator Gene
Messenger mRNA
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Punnet Square Diagram
5. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Mendelian Genetics
Genetics
Transduction
6. Pairs of homologues in sexually differentiated species
Autosomes
Semiconservative
Polypeptide Synthesis
Nucleotide
7. New codon may be a stop codon
tRNA Job
Polyribosome
Nonsense Mutation
Frameshift Mutation
8. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis
Gene Mutation
Polyribosome
Dihybrid Cross
Semiconservative
9. Location of genes on DNA
Ribosomes
DNA
Codominance
Chromosomes
10. Virus that infcts its host bacterium by attaching to it - boring a hole through the bacterial cell wall - and injecting its DNA while its protein coat remains attached to the cell wall and enters the host in either a lytic cycle or a lysogenic cycle
Mutagenic Agents
Codons
Bacteriophage
Complementary Base-Pairing
11. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands
Lytic Cycle
DNA Replication
Alleles
RNA
12. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations
Polypeptide Synthesis
Mutable
Okazaki fragments
Heredity
13. Cytosine and thymine
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Gene
Testcross
Pyrimidines
14. Deoxyribonucleic acid -contains information coded in the sequence of its base pairs - provding the cell with a blueprint for protein synthesis -regulate all life functions -has the ability to self replicate -basis of heredity -mutable
DNA
Testcross
Autosomes
Codominance
15. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction
Translation
Peptide Bond
Silent Mutation
Leading Strand
16. Ribonucleic acid -polynucleotide structurally similar to DNA except that its sugar is ribose -contains uracil instead of thymine -usually single stranded -found in both nucleus and cytoplasm -several types are involved with mRNA - tRNA - and rRNA
RNA
Chromosomal Breakage
Genetic Code
Gene Mutation
17. Can often affect the expression of a gene -interaction betwen the enironment and the genotype produces the phenotype
Environmental Factors
RNA
Anticodon
Bacterial Replication
18. System where the repressor is inactive until it combines with the corepressor
Transcription
Transduction
Repressible Systems
DNA Replication
19. Diagnostic tool to determine the genotype of an organism -Only with a recessive phenotype can genotype be predicted with 100% accuracy -if dominant phenotype is expressed - the genotype can be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous -used to deter
Testcross
Varions
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Complementary Base-Pairing
20. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next
Parental (P Generation)
Mendelian Genetics
Point Mutation
Genetics
21. Only one trait is being studied in this particular mating
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Start Codon
Monohybrid Cross
Purines
22. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid
Dihybrid Cross
Point Mutation
Polyribosome
Lysogenic Cycle
23. Fruit fly -produces often (short life cycle) -reproduces in large numbers (large sample size) -chromosomes (especially in the salivary gland) are large and easily recognizable in size and shape -its chromosomes are few (4 pairs - 2n=8) -Mutations occ
Drosophila Melanogaster
Lagging Strand
Messenger mRNA
Operator Gene
24. System where the repressor binds to the operator - forming a barrier that prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the structural genes
Nonsense Mutation
Autosomes
Inducible Systems
Semiconservative
25. Binds to the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex (Arriving site)
Transcription
Complementary Base-Pairing
Synonyms
A-site
26. Can be altered under certain conditions - altering the corresponding characteristics in the organism
Ribosomes
Mutable
Environmental Factors
Peptide Bond
27. Organisms that contain two copies of the same allele
Homozygous
Semiconservative
Lyse
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
28. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)
DNA Replication
Binary fission
Operon
Parental (P Generation)
29. The process whereby information coded in the base sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. the remaining events of protein synthesis occur in the cytoplasm
Nonsense Mutation
Autosomes
Transcription
Elongation
30. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously
Phenotype
Bacterial Replication
Anticodon
A-site
31. Formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site and the fmet attached to the tRNA in the P site
Parental (P Generation)
Translocation
Sex Linked Recessives
Peptide Bond
32. New codon may code for the same amino acid
Nucleotide
Transcription
Transformation
Silent Mutation
33. Initiation - elongation - and termination
Codons
Polypeptide Synthesis
Drosophila Melanogaster
Parental (P Generation)
34. Small RNA found in the ctyoplasm that aids in the translation of mRNA's nucleotide code into a sequence of amino acids -brings amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis
Codominance
A-site
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Genetics
35. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes
Incomplete Dominance
Heredity
Promoter gene
Gene
36. The process by which a foreign plasmid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome via recombination - creating new inheritable genetic combinations
Sex Linked Recessives
P-site
Autosomes
Transformation
37. Plasmids that are capable of integration into the bacterial genome
Episomes
Backcross
Transformation
Nondisjunction
38. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon
Semiconservative
Translocation
tRNA Job
Incomplete Dominance
39. True-breeding individuals (which - if self-crossed - produce progeny only with the parental phenotype) with different traits - mated them - and statistically analyzed the inheritance of the traits in the progeny
Ribosomes
Crosses
Filial (F generations)
Semiconservative
40. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e
Bacterial Replication
Sex Linked Recessives
Punnet Square Diagram
Inducer-Repressor Complex
41. The noncoding sequence of DNA that serves as the initial binding site for RNA polymerase
Operon
Promoter gene
Polypeptide Synthesis
Autosomes
42. Induce mutations -include cosmic rays - X rays - UV rays - and radioactivity
Double-Stranded Helix
Sex Linked
A-site
Mutagenic Agents
43. DNA language must be translated by mRNA in such a way as to produce the 20 words in the amino acid language
Triplet Code
Inducible Systems
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Bacteriophage
44. May be found on the plasmids and transferred into recipient cells along with these factors
Antibody resistance
Genotype
Missense Mutation
Heredity
45. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets
Codons
Backcross
Nonsense Mutation
Dominant Allele
46. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices
Recombination
Complementary Base-Pairing
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
Nondisjunction
47. Expressed allele -usually assigned capital letters
Chromosomes
Autosomes
Transcription
Dominant Allele
48. The sequence of nontranscribable DNA that is the repressor binding site
Nonsense Mutation
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Heterozygous
Operator Gene
49. Codes for the synthesis of a repressor molecule that binds to the operator and blocks RNA polymerase form transcribing the structural genes
Silent Mutation
Ribosomes
Complementary Base-Pairing
Regulator Gene
50. Organisms that carry two different alleles
Messenger mRNA
Heterozygous
Ribosomes
Transduction