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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined
Purines
Conjugation
Mendelian Genetics
Testcross
2. Adenine and guanine
Antibody resistance
Transduction
Dominant Allele
Purines
3. The ribosome advances three nucleotides along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction and the uncharged tRNA from the P site is expelled - and the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site moves into the P site and completes the cycle
Autosomes
Genotype
Monocistronic
Translocation
4. Induce mutations -include cosmic rays - X rays - UV rays - and radioactivity
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Mutagenic Agents
tRNA Job
Phenotype
5. New codon may code for the same amino acid
Ribosomes
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Silent Mutation
Dihybrid Cross
6. Diagnostic tool to determine the genotype of an organism -Only with a recessive phenotype can genotype be predicted with 100% accuracy -if dominant phenotype is expressed - the genotype can be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous -used to deter
Testcross
Transcription
Heterozygous
Codons
7. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands
DNA Replication
Operon
Antibody resistance
Operator Gene
8. Nucleic acids are deleted or inserted into the genome sequence (lethal)
Triplet Code
Genetic Code
Frameshift Mutation
Mutable
9. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance
Conjugation
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Nucleotide
Genotype
10. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid
Transcription
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Testcross
Point Mutation
11. Process whereby mRNA codons are translated intoa sequence of amino acids -occurs in cytoplasm and involves tRNA - ribosomes - mRNA - amino acids - enzymes - and other proteins
Missense Mutation
Translation
Parental (P Generation)
Genetics
12. Pairs of homologues in sexually differentiated species
Ribosomes
Double-Stranded Helix
Recessive Allele
Autosomes
13. Initiation - elongation - and termination
Synonyms
Nonsense Mutation
Polypeptide Synthesis
A-site
14. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets
Nondisjunction
Codons
Backcross
Polyribosome
15. Binds to the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex (Arriving site)
Phenotype
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
A-site
Sex Linked
16. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next
Mutable
Conjugation
Transduction
Genetics
17. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)
Mendelian Genetics
Recombination
Binary fission
Polypeptide Synthesis
18. May be found on the plasmids and transferred into recipient cells along with these factors
Antibody resistance
Semiconservative
Drosophila Melanogaster
Filial (F generations)
19. TRNA binding site for ribosomes to attach to the growing polypeptide chain (peace out site)
Bacterial Genome
Testcross
P-site
Autosomes
20. Bacteriophages that replicate by the lytic cycle - killing their host cells
Sex Linked Recessives
Termination Codons
Repressible Systems
Virulent
21. Can be altered under certain conditions - altering the corresponding characteristics in the organism
Incomplete Dominance
Mutable
Gene
Ribosomes
22. Where protein synthesis occurs
Recombination
Testcross
Binary fission
Ribosomes
23. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes
Varions
Mutagenic Agents
Incomplete Dominance
Operon
24. Genetic makeup of an individual
Genotype
Repressible Systems
Dihybrid Cross
Nucleotide
25. Progeny generations
Binary fission
Filial (F generations)
Antibody resistance
A-site
26. May infect other bacteria and introduce new genetic arrangements through recombination with the new host cell's DNA
Varions
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Genotype
Silent Mutation
27. Location of genes on DNA
Genotype
Genetics
Dihybrid Cross
Chromosomes
28. (AUG) ribosome scans the mRNA until it bonds to this (methionine) and UAC on anticodon of tRNA
Polyribosome
Start Codon
Double-Stranded Helix
Complementary Base-Pairing
29. Composed of two subunits (consisting of proteins and rRNA) - one large and one small - that bind together only during protein synthesis -have 3 binding sites (for mRNA and two tRNA)
Triplet Code
Pyrimidines
Ribosomes
Double-Stranded Helix
30. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction
Mendelian Genetics
Leading Strand
Sex Linked
Anticodon
31. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup
Bacterial Genome
Double-Stranded Helix
Phenotype
Lytic Cycle
32. Complex that can't bind to the operator - thus permitting transcription
Nondisjunction
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Double-Stranded Helix
Codons
33. System where the repressor binds to the operator - forming a barrier that prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the structural genes
Mutations
Anticodon
Inducible Systems
Filial (F generations)
34. Occurs when linked genes are separated
Synonyms
Transformation
Recombination
Heterozygous
35. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously
Plasmid
Codons
Polyribosome
Bacterial Replication
36. New codon may be a stop codon
Nonsense Mutation
Recessive Allele
Peptide Bond
Varions
37. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e
Binary fission
Incomplete Dominance
Punnet Square Diagram
Monocistronic
38. An organism with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype (Ax) is crossed with a phenotypically recessive organism
Backcross
DNA Replication
Promoter gene
Mutagenic Agents
39. The process whereby information coded in the base sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. the remaining events of protein synthesis occur in the cytoplasm
RNA
Transcription
Phenotype
Operon
40. Cell burst
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Ribosomes
Lyse
Point Mutation
41. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X
Genetics
A-site
Genetic Code
Sex Linked
42. True-breeding individuals (which - if self-crossed - produce progeny only with the parental phenotype) with different traits - mated them - and statistically analyzed the inheritance of the traits in the progeny
Okazaki fragments
Transcription
Crosses
Synonyms
43. 1) Genes exist in alternative forms. A gene controls a specific trait in an organism. 2) An organism has two alleles for each inherited trait - one inherited from each parent 3) The two alleles segregate during meiosis - resulting in gametes that car
44. Either the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis I or the failure of sister chromatids to separate properly during meiosis II -zygote might either have 3 copies of that chromosome (trisomy) or just a single copy (monos
Nondisjunction
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Genotype
45. Consists of a single circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region of the cell
Lytic Cycle
Bacterial Genome
Lysogenic Cycle
Gene Mutation
46. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide
Monocistronic
Silent Mutation
Peptide Bond
Phenotype
47. Consists of structural genes
Sex Linked
Start Codon
Operon
Mendel's Law of Dominance
48. Structure formed when many ribosomes simultaneously translate a single mRNA molecule
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Polyribosome
Heterozygous
49. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations
Triplet Code
Codons
Heredity
Complementary Base-Pairing
50. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon
Autosomes
DNA Replication
tRNA Job
Missense Mutation