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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Codes for the synthesis of a repressor molecule that binds to the operator and blocks RNA polymerase form transcribing the structural genes
Regulator Gene
Chromosomal Breakage
Antibody resistance
Polyribosome
2. Location of genes on DNA
Chromosomes
P-site
Sex Linked
Promoter gene
3. If the bacterioophage does not lyse its host cell - it becomes integrated into the bacterial genome in a harmless form - lying dorant for one or more generations. the virus mays tay integrated indefinitely - replicating along with the bacterial gneom
Lysogenic Cycle
Purines
Mutagenic Agents
Genetics
4. The ribosome advances three nucleotides along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction and the uncharged tRNA from the P site is expelled - and the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site moves into the P site and completes the cycle
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Translocation
Missense Mutation
5. Individuals being crossed
Mutations
Anticodon
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Parental (P Generation)
6. Initiation - elongation - and termination
Genotype
Anticodon
Autosomes
Polypeptide Synthesis
7. Where protein synthesis occurs
P-site
Ribosomes
Monocistronic
Parental (P Generation)
8. The process whereby information coded in the base sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. the remaining events of protein synthesis occur in the cytoplasm
Transcription
Conjugation
Varions
Ribosomes
9. May occur spontaneously or be induced by environmental factors
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Okazaki fragments
Chromosomal Breakage
Antibody resistance
10. The sequence of nontranscribable DNA that is the repressor binding site
Heredity
Mutagenic Agents
Operator Gene
Bacteriophage
11. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction
Dominant Allele
Operator Gene
Leading Strand
Mutable
12. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously
Bacterial Replication
Lagging Strand
DNA
Parental (P Generation)
13. Only one trait is being studied in this particular mating
Virulent
Okazaki fragments
Monohybrid Cross
Filial (F generations)
14. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance
Ribosomes
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
DNA Replication
Codominance
15. Occurs when linked genes are separated
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Recombination
Mendelian Genetics
Antibody resistance
16. Dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype
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17. An organism with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype (Ax) is crossed with a phenotypically recessive organism
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Termination Codons
Backcross
Promoter gene
18. Formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site and the fmet attached to the tRNA in the P site
Backcross
Transduction
Testcross
Peptide Bond
19. Changes in the genetic information of a cell coded in the DNA -if occured in the somatic cells - it can lead to tumors in an individual
Elongation
Mutations
Recombination
Okazaki fragments
20. Small circular rings of DNA which contain accessory genes
Repressible Systems
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Plasmids
Mutagenic Agents
21. Basic unit of heredity
Codons
Elongation
Missense Mutation
Gene
22. Consists of structural genes
Operon
A-site
Frameshift Mutation
Lytic Cycle
23. Nucleic acids are deleted or inserted into the genome sequence (lethal)
Start Codon
Triplet Code
Frameshift Mutation
Dihybrid Cross
24. DNA language must be translated by mRNA in such a way as to produce the 20 words in the amino acid language
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Lytic Cycle
Lagging Strand
Triplet Code
25. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e
Okazaki fragments
Bacterial Replication
Punnet Square Diagram
Promoter gene
26. Alternative forms of genes when it exists in more than one form
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Alleles
Lytic Cycle
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
27. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid
Autosomes
Elongation
Nonsense Mutation
Point Mutation
28. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism
Termination Codons
Genetic Code
Frameshift Mutation
Ribosomes
29. Nitrogen bases are added - deleted - or substituted - thus crating different genes; inappropriate amino acids may be inserted into polypeptide chains - and a mutated protein may be produced
Lagging Strand
Gene Mutation
Semiconservative
Translation
30. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex
Synonyms
Elongation
Mutagenic Agents
RNA
31. May be found on the plasmids and transferred into recipient cells along with these factors
Antibody resistance
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Nondisjunction
Filial (F generations)
32. Regulation of gene expression and enables prokaryotes to control their metabolism
Mutations
Transcription
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Conjugation
33. Plasmids that are capable of integration into the bacterial genome
Lysogenic Cycle
Episomes
Bacteriophage
Triplet Code
34. Adenine and guanine
Mutagenic Agents
Purines
Transcription
Leading Strand
35. Process whereby mRNA codons are translated intoa sequence of amino acids -occurs in cytoplasm and involves tRNA - ribosomes - mRNA - amino acids - enzymes - and other proteins
Mutations
Translation
Dihybrid Cross
Ribosomes
36. System where the repressor binds to the operator - forming a barrier that prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the structural genes
Silent Mutation
Inducible Systems
Transduction
DNA Replication
37. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection
Dominant Allele
Gene
Transduction
Elongation
38. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea
Transduction
Antibody resistance
Mendelian Genetics
Lyse
39. Can be altered under certain conditions - altering the corresponding characteristics in the organism
Lyse
Mutable
Monocistronic
Complementary Base-Pairing
40. Degeneracy/redundancy of the genetic code since there are 64 different codons and only 20 amino acids
Synonyms
Regulator Gene
Triplet Code
Translation
41. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis
Dihybrid Cross
Messenger mRNA
Lysogenic Cycle
A-site
42. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide
Monocistronic
Episomes
Monohybrid Cross
Recombination
43. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations
Semiconservative
Crosses
Triplet Code
Heredity
44. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands
Operon
Ribosomes
Plasmid
DNA Replication
45. Short segments from lagging strand
RNA
Chromosomes
Okazaki fragments
Inducible Systems
46. Recessive genes that are carried on the X chromosome will produce the recessive phenotypes whenever they occur in men because no dominant allele is present to mask them -ex: hemophilia and color blindness
Sex Linked Recessives
Autosomes
Double-Stranded Helix
Alleles
47. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
Gene Mutation
Codons
Leading Strand
48. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X
tRNA Job
Environmental Factors
Sex Linked
Backcross
49. 1) Genes exist in alternative forms. A gene controls a specific trait in an organism. 2) An organism has two alleles for each inherited trait - one inherited from each parent 3) The two alleles segregate during meiosis - resulting in gametes that car
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50. System where the repressor is inactive until it combines with the corepressor
Dihybrid Cross
Okazaki fragments
Repressible Systems
Purines