Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Genetics

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process whereby mRNA codons are translated intoa sequence of amino acids -occurs in cytoplasm and involves tRNA - ribosomes - mRNA - amino acids - enzymes - and other proteins






2. Consists of a single circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region of the cell






3. Adenine and guanine






4. Structure formed when many ribosomes simultaneously translate a single mRNA molecule






5. Nitrogen bases are added - deleted - or substituted - thus crating different genes; inappropriate amino acids may be inserted into polypeptide chains - and a mutated protein may be produced






6. Progeny generations






7. Where protein synthesis occurs






8. Occurs when linked genes are separated






9. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations






10. True-breeding individuals (which - if self-crossed - produce progeny only with the parental phenotype) with different traits - mated them - and statistically analyzed the inheritance of the traits in the progeny






11. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance






12. Formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site and the fmet attached to the tRNA in the P site






13. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction






14. Organisms that carry two different alleles






15. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism






16. Pairs of homologues in sexually differentiated species






17. Basic unit of DNA - which is composed of deoxyribose (a sugar) bonded to both a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base -bases: purines and pyrimidines






18. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea






19. Short segments from lagging strand






20. Fruit fly -produces often (short life cycle) -reproduces in large numbers (large sample size) -chromosomes (especially in the salivary gland) are large and easily recognizable in size and shape -its chromosomes are few (4 pairs - 2n=8) -Mutations occ






21. DNA language must be translated by mRNA in such a way as to produce the 20 words in the amino acid language






22. Changes in the genetic information of a cell coded in the DNA -if occured in the somatic cells - it can lead to tumors in an individual






23. Chromosome fragment






24. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices






25. Cell burst






26. Can often affect the expression of a gene -interaction betwen the enironment and the genotype produces the phenotype






27. (AUG) ribosome scans the mRNA until it bonds to this (methionine) and UAC on anticodon of tRNA






28. Expressed allele -usually assigned capital letters






29. Regulation of gene expression and enables prokaryotes to control their metabolism






30. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection






31. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined






32. Synthesized discontinuously in the 5'->3' direction (since DNA polymerase synthesizes only in that direction) as a series Okazaki fragments






33. Complex that can't bind to the operator - thus permitting transcription






34. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup






35. If the bacterioophage does not lyse its host cell - it becomes integrated into the bacterial genome in a harmless form - lying dorant for one or more generations. the virus mays tay integrated indefinitely - replicating along with the bacterial gneom






36. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next






37. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes






38. Consists of structural genes






39. Virus that infcts its host bacterium by attaching to it - boring a hole through the bacterial cell wall - and injecting its DNA while its protein coat remains attached to the cell wall and enters the host in either a lytic cycle or a lysogenic cycle






40. Sugar-phosphate chains on the outside of the helix and the bases on the inside -C-G - T-A -AKA Watson Crick DNA model






41. Either the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis I or the failure of sister chromatids to separate properly during meiosis II -zygote might either have 3 copies of that chromosome (trisomy) or just a single copy (monos






42. System where the repressor binds to the operator - forming a barrier that prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the structural genes






43. Composed of two subunits (consisting of proteins and rRNA) - one large and one small - that bind together only during protein synthesis -have 3 binding sites (for mRNA and two tRNA)






44. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons






45. The noncoding sequence of DNA that serves as the initial binding site for RNA polymerase






46. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group






47. Ribonucleic acid -polynucleotide structurally similar to DNA except that its sugar is ribose -contains uracil instead of thymine -usually single stranded -found in both nucleus and cytoplasm -several types are involved with mRNA - tRNA - and rRNA






48. Degeneracy/redundancy of the genetic code since there are 64 different codons and only 20 amino acids






49. System where the repressor is inactive until it combines with the corepressor






50. Phage DNA takes control of the bacterium's genetic machinery and manufactures numerous progeny - causing the cell to lyse - releasing new virions - each capable of infecting other bacteria -if initial infection takes place on a bacterial lawn - then







Sorry!:) No result found.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?


Let me suggest you:

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests



Major Subjects

Tests & Exams


AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT

Browse all subjects

Browse all tests

Most popular tests