Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Genetics

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance






2. An organism with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype (Ax) is crossed with a phenotypically recessive organism






3. Adenine and guanine






4. Formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site and the fmet attached to the tRNA in the P site






5. TRNA binding site for ribosomes to attach to the growing polypeptide chain (peace out site)






6. Initiation - elongation - and termination






7. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon






8. Where protein synthesis occurs






9. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex






10. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations






11. The sequence of nontranscribable DNA that is the repressor binding site






12. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)






13. Chromosome fragment






14. New codon may code for the same amino acid






15. Individuals being crossed






16. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes






17. Dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


18. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide






19. Phage DNA takes control of the bacterium's genetic machinery and manufactures numerous progeny - causing the cell to lyse - releasing new virions - each capable of infecting other bacteria -if initial infection takes place on a bacterial lawn - then






20. Organisms that carry two different alleles






21. The process whereby information coded in the base sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. the remaining events of protein synthesis occur in the cytoplasm






22. Consists of a single circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region of the cell






23. Nitrogen bases are added - deleted - or substituted - thus crating different genes; inappropriate amino acids may be inserted into polypeptide chains - and a mutated protein may be produced






24. Sugar-phosphate chains on the outside of the helix and the bases on the inside -C-G - T-A -AKA Watson Crick DNA model






25. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets






26. Cell burst






27. Changes in the genetic information of a cell coded in the DNA -if occured in the somatic cells - it can lead to tumors in an individual






28. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis






29. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea






30. Fruit fly -produces often (short life cycle) -reproduces in large numbers (large sample size) -chromosomes (especially in the salivary gland) are large and easily recognizable in size and shape -its chromosomes are few (4 pairs - 2n=8) -Mutations occ






31. Consists of structural genes






32. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection






33. Recessive genes that are carried on the X chromosome will produce the recessive phenotypes whenever they occur in men because no dominant allele is present to mask them -ex: hemophilia and color blindness






34. Alternative forms of genes when it exists in more than one form






35. Only one trait is being studied in this particular mating






36. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid






37. Ribonucleic acid -polynucleotide structurally similar to DNA except that its sugar is ribose -contains uracil instead of thymine -usually single stranded -found in both nucleus and cytoplasm -several types are involved with mRNA - tRNA - and rRNA






38. Codes for the synthesis of a repressor molecule that binds to the operator and blocks RNA polymerase form transcribing the structural genes






39. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e






40. Carries the complement of a DNA sequence and transports it from the nucleus to the ribosomes -assembled from ribonucleotides that are complementary to the 'sense' strand of the DNA -monocistronic






41. Can be altered under certain conditions - altering the corresponding characteristics in the organism






42. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


43. Cytosine and thymine






44. Expressed allele -usually assigned capital letters






45. Composed of two subunits (consisting of proteins and rRNA) - one large and one small - that bind together only during protein synthesis -have 3 binding sites (for mRNA and two tRNA)






46. 1) Genes exist in alternative forms. A gene controls a specific trait in an organism. 2) An organism has two alleles for each inherited trait - one inherited from each parent 3) The two alleles segregate during meiosis - resulting in gametes that car

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


47. Can often affect the expression of a gene -interaction betwen the enironment and the genotype produces the phenotype






48. Basic unit of heredity






49. Process whereby mRNA codons are translated intoa sequence of amino acids -occurs in cytoplasm and involves tRNA - ribosomes - mRNA - amino acids - enzymes - and other proteins






50. Occurs when linked genes are separated