Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Genetics

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Basic unit of heredity






2. Ribonucleic acid -polynucleotide structurally similar to DNA except that its sugar is ribose -contains uracil instead of thymine -usually single stranded -found in both nucleus and cytoplasm -several types are involved with mRNA - tRNA - and rRNA






3. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group






4. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex






5. Consists of structural genes






6. Nucleic acids are deleted or inserted into the genome sequence (lethal)






7. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons






8. Location of genes on DNA






9. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection






10. Plasmids that are capable of integration into the bacterial genome






11. Only one trait is being studied in this particular mating






12. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations






13. Process whereby mRNA codons are translated intoa sequence of amino acids -occurs in cytoplasm and involves tRNA - ribosomes - mRNA - amino acids - enzymes - and other proteins






14. May occur spontaneously or be induced by environmental factors






15. Dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


16. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e






17. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands






18. Where protein synthesis occurs






19. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined






20. Cell burst






21. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


22. Either the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis I or the failure of sister chromatids to separate properly during meiosis II -zygote might either have 3 copies of that chromosome (trisomy) or just a single copy (monos






23. Short segments from lagging strand






24. Changes in the genetic information of a cell coded in the DNA -if occured in the somatic cells - it can lead to tumors in an individual






25. Individuals being crossed






26. Bacteriophages that replicate by the lytic cycle - killing their host cells






27. Structural component of ribsomes and is the most abundant of all RNA types -synthesized in the nucleolus






28. Organisms that carry two different alleles






29. Codes for the synthesis of a repressor molecule that binds to the operator and blocks RNA polymerase form transcribing the structural genes






30. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next






31. Deoxyribonucleic acid -contains information coded in the sequence of its base pairs - provding the cell with a blueprint for protein synthesis -regulate all life functions -has the ability to self replicate -basis of heredity -mutable






32. Structure formed when many ribosomes simultaneously translate a single mRNA molecule






33. Basic unit of DNA - which is composed of deoxyribose (a sugar) bonded to both a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base -bases: purines and pyrimidines






34. Complex that can't bind to the operator - thus permitting transcription






35. TRNA binding site for ribosomes to attach to the growing polypeptide chain (peace out site)






36. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism






37. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)






38. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea






39. Chromosome fragment






40. The process whereby information coded in the base sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. the remaining events of protein synthesis occur in the cytoplasm






41. System where the repressor is inactive until it combines with the corepressor






42. An organism with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype (Ax) is crossed with a phenotypically recessive organism






43. On amino acid which has an active site that binds to both the amino acid and its corresponding tRNA - ctalyzing their attachment to form an aminoacyl-tRNA complex






44. System where the repressor binds to the operator - forming a barrier that prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the structural genes






45. Silent allele -usually assigned capital letters






46. Carries the complement of a DNA sequence and transports it from the nucleus to the ribosomes -assembled from ribonucleotides that are complementary to the 'sense' strand of the DNA -monocistronic






47. New codon may code for a different amino acid






48. (UAA - UAG - or UGA) terminates polypeptide synthesis






49. Expressed allele -usually assigned capital letters






50. Each new daughter helix contains an intact strand from the parent helix and a newly synthesized strand