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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Location of genes on DNA
Promoter gene
Inducible Systems
Peptide Bond
Chromosomes
2. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Peptide Bond
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
3. May infect other bacteria and introduce new genetic arrangements through recombination with the new host cell's DNA
Varions
tRNA Job
Codons
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
4. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next
Genetics
Translation
tRNA Job
Plasmid
5. Diagnostic tool to determine the genotype of an organism -Only with a recessive phenotype can genotype be predicted with 100% accuracy -if dominant phenotype is expressed - the genotype can be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous -used to deter
Testcross
Incomplete Dominance
Lysogenic Cycle
Translation
6. Codes for the synthesis of a repressor molecule that binds to the operator and blocks RNA polymerase form transcribing the structural genes
Plasmid
Codominance
Regulator Gene
Point Mutation
7. On amino acid which has an active site that binds to both the amino acid and its corresponding tRNA - ctalyzing their attachment to form an aminoacyl-tRNA complex
Recessive Allele
Lysogenic Cycle
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
8. Fruit fly -produces often (short life cycle) -reproduces in large numbers (large sample size) -chromosomes (especially in the salivary gland) are large and easily recognizable in size and shape -its chromosomes are few (4 pairs - 2n=8) -Mutations occ
Bacteriophage
Autosomes
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Drosophila Melanogaster
9. The ribosome advances three nucleotides along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction and the uncharged tRNA from the P site is expelled - and the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site moves into the P site and completes the cycle
Mutations
A-site
Translocation
Plasmid
10. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices
Chromosomal Breakage
Autosomes
Nucleotide
Complementary Base-Pairing
11. Short segments from lagging strand
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Nucleotide
Okazaki fragments
Incomplete Dominance
12. Adenine and guanine
Polypeptide Synthesis
Point Mutation
Purines
DNA
13. Nitrogen bases are added - deleted - or substituted - thus crating different genes; inappropriate amino acids may be inserted into polypeptide chains - and a mutated protein may be produced
Plasmid
Recombination
Silent Mutation
Gene Mutation
14. Only one trait is being studied in this particular mating
Monohybrid Cross
Mutations
Nonsense Mutation
Drosophila Melanogaster
15. Organisms that contain two copies of the same allele
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Homozygous
Triplet Code
tRNA Job
16. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection
Alleles
Lyse
Missense Mutation
Transduction
17. New codon may be a stop codon
Nonsense Mutation
Recessive Allele
Heterozygous
Homozygous
18. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes
Operator Gene
Incomplete Dominance
Crosses
Filial (F generations)
19. Cell burst
Incomplete Dominance
Environmental Factors
Lyse
Nucleotide
20. Formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site and the fmet attached to the tRNA in the P site
Triplet Code
Bacterial Replication
Missense Mutation
Peptide Bond
21. Genetic makeup of an individual
Genotype
Transduction
Dominant Allele
Gene Mutation
22. Process whereby mRNA codons are translated intoa sequence of amino acids -occurs in cytoplasm and involves tRNA - ribosomes - mRNA - amino acids - enzymes - and other proteins
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Lysogenic Cycle
Translation
23. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon
Okazaki fragments
Pyrimidines
tRNA Job
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
24. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide
Monocistronic
Parental (P Generation)
DNA Replication
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
25. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup
Transduction
Virulent
Lytic Cycle
Phenotype
26. Carries the complement of a DNA sequence and transports it from the nucleus to the ribosomes -assembled from ribonucleotides that are complementary to the 'sense' strand of the DNA -monocistronic
Messenger mRNA
Plasmid
Transformation
Episomes
27. May be found on the plasmids and transferred into recipient cells along with these factors
Purines
Antibody resistance
Double-Stranded Helix
Start Codon
28. The process whereby information coded in the base sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. the remaining events of protein synthesis occur in the cytoplasm
Backcross
Repressible Systems
Bacterial Replication
Transcription
29. May occur spontaneously or be induced by environmental factors
Transcription
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Chromosomal Breakage
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
30. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X
Recessive Allele
Sex Linked
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
31. Deoxyribonucleic acid -contains information coded in the sequence of its base pairs - provding the cell with a blueprint for protein synthesis -regulate all life functions -has the ability to self replicate -basis of heredity -mutable
Recessive Allele
DNA
Codons
Repressible Systems
32. The process by which a foreign plasmid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome via recombination - creating new inheritable genetic combinations
Silent Mutation
Transformation
Start Codon
Genotype
33. The sequence of nontranscribable DNA that is the repressor binding site
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Bacteriophage
Operator Gene
Dominant Allele
34. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)
Termination Codons
Okazaki fragments
Binary fission
Translocation
35. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined
Operon
Transduction
Conjugation
Transcription
36. Induce mutations -include cosmic rays - X rays - UV rays - and radioactivity
Phenotype
Mutagenic Agents
Backcross
Start Codon
37. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons
Nucleotide
Dominant Allele
Anticodon
RNA
38. Initiation - elongation - and termination
Missense Mutation
Nucleotide
Alleles
Polypeptide Synthesis
39. Phage DNA takes control of the bacterium's genetic machinery and manufactures numerous progeny - causing the cell to lyse - releasing new virions - each capable of infecting other bacteria -if initial infection takes place on a bacterial lawn - then
Lytic Cycle
Filial (F generations)
Phenotype
Sex Linked
40. System where the repressor is inactive until it combines with the corepressor
Repressible Systems
Parental (P Generation)
Heterozygous
Transformation
41. Pairs of homologues in sexually differentiated species
Autosomes
Regulator Gene
Plasmid
Repressible Systems
42. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously
Missense Mutation
Mendelian Genetics
Bacterial Replication
Incomplete Dominance
43. Composed of two subunits (consisting of proteins and rRNA) - one large and one small - that bind together only during protein synthesis -have 3 binding sites (for mRNA and two tRNA)
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Recombination
Okazaki fragments
Ribosomes
44. Chromosome fragment
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Semiconservative
Heredity
Plasmid
45. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction
Codons
Lagging Strand
Leading Strand
Mutagenic Agents
46. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets
Monocistronic
Ribosomes
Codons
Filial (F generations)
47. Basic unit of heredity
Ribosomes
Gene
Parental (P Generation)
Nonsense Mutation
48. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea
Complementary Base-Pairing
Frameshift Mutation
Heterozygous
Mendelian Genetics
49. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns
50. If the bacterioophage does not lyse its host cell - it becomes integrated into the bacterial genome in a harmless form - lying dorant for one or more generations. the virus mays tay integrated indefinitely - replicating along with the bacterial gneom
Lysogenic Cycle
Backcross
tRNA Job
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)