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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns
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2. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid
Start Codon
Bacterial Genome
Codons
Point Mutation
3. Occurs when linked genes are separated
Recombination
Transduction
Leading Strand
Genotype
4. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously
Chromosomal Breakage
Nonsense Mutation
Regulator Gene
Bacterial Replication
5. Pairs of homologues in sexually differentiated species
Translation
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Genetic Code
Autosomes
6. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets
DNA Replication
Anticodon
Alleles
Codons
7. Alternative forms of genes when it exists in more than one form
Alleles
Backcross
DNA Replication
Virulent
8. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)
Genetics
Polypeptide Synthesis
Binary fission
Leading Strand
9. Basic unit of heredity
Gene
Codominance
Leading Strand
tRNA Job
10. Cytosine and thymine
Bacterial Genome
Pyrimidines
Genetic Code
Nucleotide
11. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance
RNA
Lyse
Elongation
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
12. The ribosome advances three nucleotides along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction and the uncharged tRNA from the P site is expelled - and the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site moves into the P site and completes the cycle
Translocation
Dihybrid Cross
Punnet Square Diagram
Antibody resistance
13. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism
Peptide Bond
tRNA Job
Genetic Code
Drosophila Melanogaster
14. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons
Anticodon
Synonyms
Nucleotide
DNA
15. Phage DNA takes control of the bacterium's genetic machinery and manufactures numerous progeny - causing the cell to lyse - releasing new virions - each capable of infecting other bacteria -if initial infection takes place on a bacterial lawn - then
Codominance
Binary fission
Lytic Cycle
Transcription
16. Synthesized discontinuously in the 5'->3' direction (since DNA polymerase synthesizes only in that direction) as a series Okazaki fragments
Polyribosome
Phenotype
Point Mutation
Lagging Strand
17. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group
Codons
Codominance
Drosophila Melanogaster
Polyribosome
18. The sequence of nontranscribable DNA that is the repressor binding site
Double-Stranded Helix
Nucleotide
Operator Gene
Lysogenic Cycle
19. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea
Mendelian Genetics
Okazaki fragments
Transcription
Semiconservative
20. New codon may code for a different amino acid
Triplet Code
Missense Mutation
Recombination
tRNA Job
21. The process whereby information coded in the base sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. the remaining events of protein synthesis occur in the cytoplasm
Drosophila Melanogaster
Synonyms
Transcription
Pyrimidines
22. Chromosome fragment
Peptide Bond
Inducible Systems
Okazaki fragments
Plasmid
23. Expressed allele -usually assigned capital letters
Testcross
Silent Mutation
Missense Mutation
Dominant Allele
24. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined
Elongation
Monocistronic
Lagging Strand
Conjugation
25. Consists of structural genes
Synonyms
Operon
Polypeptide Synthesis
Termination Codons
26. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices
Lagging Strand
Lysogenic Cycle
Complementary Base-Pairing
Transduction
27. Either the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis I or the failure of sister chromatids to separate properly during meiosis II -zygote might either have 3 copies of that chromosome (trisomy) or just a single copy (monos
Monohybrid Cross
P-site
Drosophila Melanogaster
Nondisjunction
28. (AUG) ribosome scans the mRNA until it bonds to this (methionine) and UAC on anticodon of tRNA
Semiconservative
Start Codon
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Regulator Gene
29. Initiation - elongation - and termination
Polypeptide Synthesis
Lyse
Complementary Base-Pairing
DNA
30. The process by which a foreign plasmid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome via recombination - creating new inheritable genetic combinations
DNA Replication
P-site
Transformation
Filial (F generations)
31. Cell burst
Lyse
Heterozygous
Operon
Mutagenic Agents
32. The noncoding sequence of DNA that serves as the initial binding site for RNA polymerase
Recombination
RNA
Binary fission
Promoter gene
33. Only one trait is being studied in this particular mating
Genetics
Episomes
Monohybrid Cross
Genetic Code
34. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next
Heterozygous
Genetics
Polyribosome
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
35. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes
Nonsense Mutation
Mutations
Operator Gene
Incomplete Dominance
36. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon
Complementary Base-Pairing
Elongation
tRNA Job
Frameshift Mutation
37. Adenine and guanine
Mutable
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
Purines
Antibody resistance
38. Composed of two subunits (consisting of proteins and rRNA) - one large and one small - that bind together only during protein synthesis -have 3 binding sites (for mRNA and two tRNA)
Ribosomes
DNA
Recombination
Bacterial Replication
39. Plasmids that are capable of integration into the bacterial genome
Plasmids
Operon
Episomes
Translation
40. Induce mutations -include cosmic rays - X rays - UV rays - and radioactivity
Transcription
Binary fission
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Mutagenic Agents
41. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup
Nucleotide
Plasmid
Sex Linked Recessives
Phenotype
42. System where the repressor is inactive until it combines with the corepressor
Mutations
Synonyms
Repressible Systems
Plasmids
43. Organisms that contain two copies of the same allele
Punnet Square Diagram
Homozygous
Filial (F generations)
Polypeptide Synthesis
44. Nitrogen bases are added - deleted - or substituted - thus crating different genes; inappropriate amino acids may be inserted into polypeptide chains - and a mutated protein may be produced
Varions
Leading Strand
Inducible Systems
Gene Mutation
45. Structural component of ribsomes and is the most abundant of all RNA types -synthesized in the nucleolus
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Parental (P Generation)
Messenger mRNA
Heredity
46. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis
Mutations
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Dihybrid Cross
Drosophila Melanogaster
47. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations
Dihybrid Cross
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Heredity
Heterozygous
48. Sugar-phosphate chains on the outside of the helix and the bases on the inside -C-G - T-A -AKA Watson Crick DNA model
Leading Strand
Point Mutation
Bacteriophage
Double-Stranded Helix
49. Where protein synthesis occurs
Ribosomes
Chromosomes
Homozygous
Backcross
50. Location of genes on DNA
DNA Replication
Chromosomes
Plasmid
Okazaki fragments
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