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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bacteriophages that replicate by the lytic cycle - killing their host cells
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Virulent
Lagging Strand
Repressible Systems
2. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons
Triplet Code
Homozygous
Testcross
Anticodon
3. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance
Heredity
Gene
Testcross
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
4. Carries the complement of a DNA sequence and transports it from the nucleus to the ribosomes -assembled from ribonucleotides that are complementary to the 'sense' strand of the DNA -monocistronic
Filial (F generations)
Messenger mRNA
Incomplete Dominance
Lagging Strand
5. Composed of two subunits (consisting of proteins and rRNA) - one large and one small - that bind together only during protein synthesis -have 3 binding sites (for mRNA and two tRNA)
Synonyms
Ribosomes
Double-Stranded Helix
Plasmid
6. Progeny generations
Transduction
Transcription
Filial (F generations)
Termination Codons
7. Dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype
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8. Adenine and guanine
Purines
Mutations
Codominance
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
9. Individuals being crossed
Plasmids
Drosophila Melanogaster
Ribosomes
Parental (P Generation)
10. Sugar-phosphate chains on the outside of the helix and the bases on the inside -C-G - T-A -AKA Watson Crick DNA model
Mutagenic Agents
Gene
Double-Stranded Helix
Incomplete Dominance
11. The sequence of nontranscribable DNA that is the repressor binding site
Sex Linked
Translocation
Operator Gene
Mutable
12. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection
Transduction
Varions
Dihybrid Cross
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
13. Each new daughter helix contains an intact strand from the parent helix and a newly synthesized strand
Semiconservative
Synonyms
Promoter gene
Inducer-Repressor Complex
14. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands
Nonsense Mutation
DNA Replication
Environmental Factors
Dihybrid Cross
15. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets
Codons
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Lyse
16. Small RNA found in the ctyoplasm that aids in the translation of mRNA's nucleotide code into a sequence of amino acids -brings amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis
Punnet Square Diagram
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Episomes
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
17. May infect other bacteria and introduce new genetic arrangements through recombination with the new host cell's DNA
Lagging Strand
Semiconservative
Varions
Peptide Bond
18. Where protein synthesis occurs
Punnet Square Diagram
Sex Linked
Anticodon
Ribosomes
19. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes
Phenotype
Nucleotide
tRNA Job
Incomplete Dominance
20. If the bacterioophage does not lyse its host cell - it becomes integrated into the bacterial genome in a harmless form - lying dorant for one or more generations. the virus mays tay integrated indefinitely - replicating along with the bacterial gneom
Conjugation
Codons
Silent Mutation
Lysogenic Cycle
21. The process by which a foreign plasmid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome via recombination - creating new inheritable genetic combinations
Lagging Strand
Codominance
Point Mutation
Transformation
22. Chromosome fragment
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Plasmid
Homozygous
Nucleotide
23. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns
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24. System where the repressor binds to the operator - forming a barrier that prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the structural genes
Gene Mutation
Varions
Inducible Systems
Mendelian Genetics
25. Synthesized discontinuously in the 5'->3' direction (since DNA polymerase synthesizes only in that direction) as a series Okazaki fragments
Punnet Square Diagram
Lagging Strand
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Monohybrid Cross
26. Codes for the synthesis of a repressor molecule that binds to the operator and blocks RNA polymerase form transcribing the structural genes
Transcription
Regulator Gene
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
Lagging Strand
27. Plasmids that are capable of integration into the bacterial genome
Point Mutation
Okazaki fragments
Episomes
P-site
28. Nitrogen bases are added - deleted - or substituted - thus crating different genes; inappropriate amino acids may be inserted into polypeptide chains - and a mutated protein may be produced
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Gene Mutation
Gene
Frameshift Mutation
29. New codon may code for the same amino acid
Heredity
Lytic Cycle
Mutagenic Agents
Silent Mutation
30. Initiation - elongation - and termination
Ribosomes
Genotype
Recessive Allele
Polypeptide Synthesis
31. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously
Backcross
A-site
Bacterial Replication
Termination Codons
32. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism
Sex Linked Recessives
DNA
Mutagenic Agents
Genetic Code
33. (UAA - UAG - or UGA) terminates polypeptide synthesis
Mutagenic Agents
Point Mutation
Gene Mutation
Termination Codons
34. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next
Parental (P Generation)
Purines
Synonyms
Genetics
35. Recessive genes that are carried on the X chromosome will produce the recessive phenotypes whenever they occur in men because no dominant allele is present to mask them -ex: hemophilia and color blindness
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Polypeptide Synthesis
Recessive Allele
Sex Linked Recessives
36. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Drosophila Melanogaster
Complementary Base-Pairing
Homozygous
37. Small circular rings of DNA which contain accessory genes
Plasmids
Plasmid
Genetics
Pyrimidines
38. The noncoding sequence of DNA that serves as the initial binding site for RNA polymerase
Genetics
tRNA Job
Promoter gene
Filial (F generations)
39. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea
Antibody resistance
Mendelian Genetics
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Homozygous
40. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis
Dihybrid Cross
Sex Linked Recessives
Alleles
Varions
41. Ribonucleic acid -polynucleotide structurally similar to DNA except that its sugar is ribose -contains uracil instead of thymine -usually single stranded -found in both nucleus and cytoplasm -several types are involved with mRNA - tRNA - and rRNA
Transcription
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Testcross
RNA
42. True-breeding individuals (which - if self-crossed - produce progeny only with the parental phenotype) with different traits - mated them - and statistically analyzed the inheritance of the traits in the progeny
Crosses
Codominance
Conjugation
Transduction
43. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex
Silent Mutation
Double-Stranded Helix
Elongation
Complementary Base-Pairing
44. Fruit fly -produces often (short life cycle) -reproduces in large numbers (large sample size) -chromosomes (especially in the salivary gland) are large and easily recognizable in size and shape -its chromosomes are few (4 pairs - 2n=8) -Mutations occ
Ribosomes
Parental (P Generation)
Drosophila Melanogaster
Bacterial Replication
45. DNA language must be translated by mRNA in such a way as to produce the 20 words in the amino acid language
Triplet Code
Dominant Allele
Heredity
Codominance
46. Consists of structural genes
Operon
Genotype
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Crosses
47. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined
Conjugation
Operon
Bacterial Genome
Chromosomal Breakage
48. Pairs of homologues in sexually differentiated species
Ribosomes
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Autosomes
Filial (F generations)
49. On amino acid which has an active site that binds to both the amino acid and its corresponding tRNA - ctalyzing their attachment to form an aminoacyl-tRNA complex
Lytic Cycle
Parental (P Generation)
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
P-site
50. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup
Lysogenic Cycle
Silent Mutation
Backcross
Phenotype