Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Genetics

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The sequence of nontranscribable DNA that is the repressor binding site






2. Structure formed when many ribosomes simultaneously translate a single mRNA molecule






3. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously






4. Occurs when linked genes are separated






5. Synthesized discontinuously in the 5'->3' direction (since DNA polymerase synthesizes only in that direction) as a series Okazaki fragments






6. Diagnostic tool to determine the genotype of an organism -Only with a recessive phenotype can genotype be predicted with 100% accuracy -if dominant phenotype is expressed - the genotype can be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous -used to deter






7. Only one trait is being studied in this particular mating






8. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X






9. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets






10. Individuals being crossed






11. Expressed allele -usually assigned capital letters






12. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands






13. Where protein synthesis occurs






14. Silent allele -usually assigned capital letters






15. Alternative forms of genes when it exists in more than one form






16. Initiation - elongation - and termination






17. Progeny generations






18. May occur spontaneously or be induced by environmental factors






19. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined






20. Phage DNA takes control of the bacterium's genetic machinery and manufactures numerous progeny - causing the cell to lyse - releasing new virions - each capable of infecting other bacteria -if initial infection takes place on a bacterial lawn - then






21. Can often affect the expression of a gene -interaction betwen the enironment and the genotype produces the phenotype






22. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide






23. System where the repressor binds to the operator - forming a barrier that prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the structural genes






24. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon






25. Induce mutations -include cosmic rays - X rays - UV rays - and radioactivity






26. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices






27. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group






28. May infect other bacteria and introduce new genetic arrangements through recombination with the new host cell's DNA






29. Ribonucleic acid -polynucleotide structurally similar to DNA except that its sugar is ribose -contains uracil instead of thymine -usually single stranded -found in both nucleus and cytoplasm -several types are involved with mRNA - tRNA - and rRNA






30. DNA language must be translated by mRNA in such a way as to produce the 20 words in the amino acid language






31. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons






32. If the bacterioophage does not lyse its host cell - it becomes integrated into the bacterial genome in a harmless form - lying dorant for one or more generations. the virus mays tay integrated indefinitely - replicating along with the bacterial gneom






33. Organisms that carry two different alleles






34. True-breeding individuals (which - if self-crossed - produce progeny only with the parental phenotype) with different traits - mated them - and statistically analyzed the inheritance of the traits in the progeny






35. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex






36. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


37. Location of genes on DNA






38. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations






39. Organisms that contain two copies of the same allele






40. Changes in the genetic information of a cell coded in the DNA -if occured in the somatic cells - it can lead to tumors in an individual






41. (AUG) ribosome scans the mRNA until it bonds to this (methionine) and UAC on anticodon of tRNA






42. Basic unit of DNA - which is composed of deoxyribose (a sugar) bonded to both a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base -bases: purines and pyrimidines






43. Dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


44. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance






45. Chromosome fragment






46. Regulation of gene expression and enables prokaryotes to control their metabolism






47. 1) Genes exist in alternative forms. A gene controls a specific trait in an organism. 2) An organism has two alleles for each inherited trait - one inherited from each parent 3) The two alleles segregate during meiosis - resulting in gametes that car

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


48. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism






49. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection






50. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid