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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Where protein synthesis occurs
Translocation
Gene
Bacterial Replication
Ribosomes
2. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis
Recombination
Nondisjunction
Anticodon
Dihybrid Cross
3. Genetic makeup of an individual
tRNA Job
Antibody resistance
Lyse
Genotype
4. Can be altered under certain conditions - altering the corresponding characteristics in the organism
A-site
Lyse
Nonsense Mutation
Mutable
5. Degeneracy/redundancy of the genetic code since there are 64 different codons and only 20 amino acids
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Synonyms
Recombination
Parental (P Generation)
6. DNA language must be translated by mRNA in such a way as to produce the 20 words in the amino acid language
Sex Linked
Triplet Code
Promoter gene
Synonyms
7. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously
DNA Replication
Bacterial Replication
Testcross
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
8. Occurs when linked genes are separated
Promoter gene
Recombination
Lyse
Semiconservative
9. New codon may code for a different amino acid
Ribosomes
Polyribosome
Missense Mutation
Parental (P Generation)
10. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined
Homozygous
Conjugation
Frameshift Mutation
Transduction
11. Virus that infcts its host bacterium by attaching to it - boring a hole through the bacterial cell wall - and injecting its DNA while its protein coat remains attached to the cell wall and enters the host in either a lytic cycle or a lysogenic cycle
Translocation
Bacteriophage
Lytic Cycle
Varions
12. May infect other bacteria and introduce new genetic arrangements through recombination with the new host cell's DNA
Varions
Mutable
Peptide Bond
Mutations
13. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations
Gene Mutation
Ribosomes
Genotype
Heredity
14. Location of genes on DNA
Translation
Virulent
Binary fission
Chromosomes
15. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices
Nucleotide
Complementary Base-Pairing
Virulent
Codons
16. (AUG) ribosome scans the mRNA until it bonds to this (methionine) and UAC on anticodon of tRNA
Nucleotide
Heredity
Start Codon
Virulent
17. May be found on the plasmids and transferred into recipient cells along with these factors
Promoter gene
Antibody resistance
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
18. The noncoding sequence of DNA that serves as the initial binding site for RNA polymerase
Promoter gene
Antibody resistance
Gene
Translocation
19. Deoxyribonucleic acid -contains information coded in the sequence of its base pairs - provding the cell with a blueprint for protein synthesis -regulate all life functions -has the ability to self replicate -basis of heredity -mutable
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Transduction
DNA
Sex Linked
20. Structural component of ribsomes and is the most abundant of all RNA types -synthesized in the nucleolus
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Silent Mutation
Recessive Allele
21. Small circular rings of DNA which contain accessory genes
Okazaki fragments
Synonyms
Plasmids
Bacterial Replication
22. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e
Translocation
Varions
Lyse
Punnet Square Diagram
23. The process by which a foreign plasmid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome via recombination - creating new inheritable genetic combinations
Okazaki fragments
Genetics
Transformation
Missense Mutation
24. Changes in the genetic information of a cell coded in the DNA -if occured in the somatic cells - it can lead to tumors in an individual
Regulator Gene
Mutations
Triplet Code
Bacterial Genome
25. Sugar-phosphate chains on the outside of the helix and the bases on the inside -C-G - T-A -AKA Watson Crick DNA model
Double-Stranded Helix
Translation
Ribosomes
Antibody resistance
26. Nucleic acids are deleted or inserted into the genome sequence (lethal)
Recessive Allele
Genetics
Frameshift Mutation
Termination Codons
27. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid
DNA Replication
Lagging Strand
Peptide Bond
Point Mutation
28. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group
Inducible Systems
Codominance
Conjugation
Translation
29. Binds to the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex (Arriving site)
A-site
Episomes
Codons
Genetics
30. New codon may be a stop codon
Episomes
Drosophila Melanogaster
Bacterial Replication
Nonsense Mutation
31. Diagnostic tool to determine the genotype of an organism -Only with a recessive phenotype can genotype be predicted with 100% accuracy -if dominant phenotype is expressed - the genotype can be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous -used to deter
Testcross
Monohybrid Cross
Antibody resistance
Incomplete Dominance
32. Expressed allele -usually assigned capital letters
P-site
Ribosomes
Nondisjunction
Dominant Allele
33. Short segments from lagging strand
Nonsense Mutation
Okazaki fragments
Drosophila Melanogaster
Virulent
34. Formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site and the fmet attached to the tRNA in the P site
Peptide Bond
Synonyms
Heterozygous
Lysogenic Cycle
35. (UAA - UAG - or UGA) terminates polypeptide synthesis
Purines
Inducible Systems
Incomplete Dominance
Termination Codons
36. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex
Codominance
Varions
Elongation
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
37. System where the repressor is inactive until it combines with the corepressor
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Polypeptide Synthesis
Repressible Systems
Gene
38. New codon may code for the same amino acid
Recessive Allele
Silent Mutation
Bacteriophage
Synonyms
39. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Anticodon
Monocistronic
Inducible Systems
40. Basic unit of heredity
Autosomes
Gene
Lagging Strand
Ribosomes
41. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction
Operator Gene
Leading Strand
Transduction
Virulent
42. Consists of a single circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region of the cell
Recessive Allele
Leading Strand
Bacterial Genome
P-site
43. Phage DNA takes control of the bacterium's genetic machinery and manufactures numerous progeny - causing the cell to lyse - releasing new virions - each capable of infecting other bacteria -if initial infection takes place on a bacterial lawn - then
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Mutagenic Agents
Lytic Cycle
Triplet Code
44. Cytosine and thymine
Pyrimidines
Autosomes
Messenger mRNA
Ribosomes
45. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Chromosomes
Codons
Lagging Strand
46. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons
Start Codon
Missense Mutation
Operator Gene
Anticodon
47. Recessive genes that are carried on the X chromosome will produce the recessive phenotypes whenever they occur in men because no dominant allele is present to mask them -ex: hemophilia and color blindness
Transduction
Sex Linked Recessives
Filial (F generations)
Mendelian Genetics
48. Organisms that carry two different alleles
Gene Mutation
Heterozygous
Operon
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
49. Alternative forms of genes when it exists in more than one form
Chromosomes
Nonsense Mutation
Transduction
Alleles
50. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Binary fission
Polypeptide Synthesis
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)