Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Genetics

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea






2. Small RNA found in the ctyoplasm that aids in the translation of mRNA's nucleotide code into a sequence of amino acids -brings amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis






3. Virus that infcts its host bacterium by attaching to it - boring a hole through the bacterial cell wall - and injecting its DNA while its protein coat remains attached to the cell wall and enters the host in either a lytic cycle or a lysogenic cycle






4. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets






5. Synthesized discontinuously in the 5'->3' direction (since DNA polymerase synthesizes only in that direction) as a series Okazaki fragments






6. Each new daughter helix contains an intact strand from the parent helix and a newly synthesized strand






7. The sequence of nontranscribable DNA that is the repressor binding site






8. May infect other bacteria and introduce new genetic arrangements through recombination with the new host cell's DNA






9. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide






10. Chromosome fragment






11. Consists of a single circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region of the cell






12. New codon may be a stop codon






13. Complex that can't bind to the operator - thus permitting transcription






14. Cytosine and thymine






15. Location of genes on DNA






16. The noncoding sequence of DNA that serves as the initial binding site for RNA polymerase






17. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next






18. Organisms that contain two copies of the same allele






19. Genetic makeup of an individual






20. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously






21. Binds to the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex (Arriving site)






22. Process whereby mRNA codons are translated intoa sequence of amino acids -occurs in cytoplasm and involves tRNA - ribosomes - mRNA - amino acids - enzymes - and other proteins






23. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X






24. Organisms that carry two different alleles






25. Silent allele -usually assigned capital letters






26. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)






27. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group






28. The ribosome advances three nucleotides along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction and the uncharged tRNA from the P site is expelled - and the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site moves into the P site and completes the cycle






29. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon






30. Ribonucleic acid -polynucleotide structurally similar to DNA except that its sugar is ribose -contains uracil instead of thymine -usually single stranded -found in both nucleus and cytoplasm -several types are involved with mRNA - tRNA - and rRNA






31. An organism with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype (Ax) is crossed with a phenotypically recessive organism






32. Short segments from lagging strand






33. Adenine and guanine






34. New codon may code for the same amino acid






35. Changes in the genetic information of a cell coded in the DNA -if occured in the somatic cells - it can lead to tumors in an individual






36. Can often affect the expression of a gene -interaction betwen the enironment and the genotype produces the phenotype






37. TRNA binding site for ribosomes to attach to the growing polypeptide chain (peace out site)






38. Carries the complement of a DNA sequence and transports it from the nucleus to the ribosomes -assembled from ribonucleotides that are complementary to the 'sense' strand of the DNA -monocistronic






39. Basic unit of heredity






40. (UAA - UAG - or UGA) terminates polypeptide synthesis






41. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism






42. Individuals being crossed






43. (AUG) ribosome scans the mRNA until it bonds to this (methionine) and UAC on anticodon of tRNA






44. Phage DNA takes control of the bacterium's genetic machinery and manufactures numerous progeny - causing the cell to lyse - releasing new virions - each capable of infecting other bacteria -if initial infection takes place on a bacterial lawn - then






45. Small circular rings of DNA which contain accessory genes






46. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands






47. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes






48. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection






49. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


50. Induce mutations -include cosmic rays - X rays - UV rays - and radioactivity