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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process by which a foreign plasmid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome via recombination - creating new inheritable genetic combinations
Monohybrid Cross
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
Transformation
Sex Linked Recessives
2. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined
Transcription
Lyse
Conjugation
Autosomes
3. The sequence of nontranscribable DNA that is the repressor binding site
Synonyms
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Alleles
Operator Gene
4. Developed the basic principles of genetics through his experiments with the garden pea
Ribosomes
Homozygous
Mendelian Genetics
Plasmids
5. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis
Dihybrid Cross
Anticodon
Missense Mutation
Incomplete Dominance
6. Individuals being crossed
Plasmids
Parental (P Generation)
Plasmid
Lagging Strand
7. Occurs when fragments of the bacterial chromosome accidentally become packaged into viral progeny produced during a viral infection
Transduction
Operator Gene
Lagging Strand
Anticodon
8. Induce mutations -include cosmic rays - X rays - UV rays - and radioactivity
Codons
Bacterial Genome
Plasmids
Mutagenic Agents
9. Phage DNA takes control of the bacterium's genetic machinery and manufactures numerous progeny - causing the cell to lyse - releasing new virions - each capable of infecting other bacteria -if initial infection takes place on a bacterial lawn - then
Messenger mRNA
Crosses
Drosophila Melanogaster
Lytic Cycle
10. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets
Codons
Mendelian Genetics
P-site
Plasmids
11. TRNA binding site for ribosomes to attach to the growing polypeptide chain (peace out site)
Point Mutation
Leading Strand
P-site
Inducer-Repressor Complex
12. Binds to the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex (Arriving site)
Nonsense Mutation
Mutations
Incomplete Dominance
A-site
13. May infect other bacteria and introduce new genetic arrangements through recombination with the new host cell's DNA
Homozygous
Translation
Varions
Double-Stranded Helix
14. An organism with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype (Ax) is crossed with a phenotypically recessive organism
Backcross
Okazaki fragments
Episomes
Transcription
15. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next
Genetics
Heredity
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Operator Gene
16. 1) Genes exist in alternative forms. A gene controls a specific trait in an organism. 2) An organism has two alleles for each inherited trait - one inherited from each parent 3) The two alleles segregate during meiosis - resulting in gametes that car
17. Composed of two subunits (consisting of proteins and rRNA) - one large and one small - that bind together only during protein synthesis -have 3 binding sites (for mRNA and two tRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Transcription
Crosses
Ribosomes
18. May occur spontaneously or be induced by environmental factors
Chromosomal Breakage
Bacterial Genome
Transcription
Inducible Systems
19. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e
Transformation
Polypeptide Synthesis
Complementary Base-Pairing
Punnet Square Diagram
20. System where the repressor is inactive until it combines with the corepressor
Ribosomes
Repressible Systems
Peptide Bond
Translation
21. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons
Regulator Gene
Pyrimidines
Termination Codons
Anticodon
22. Cytosine and thymine
Pyrimidines
Filial (F generations)
Backcross
Transduction
23. Chromosome fragment
Nondisjunction
Polypeptide Synthesis
Peptide Bond
Plasmid
24. Location of genes on DNA
RNA
Dominant Allele
Chromosomes
Varions
25. Initiation - elongation - and termination
Homozygous
DNA
Purines
Polypeptide Synthesis
26. If the bacterioophage does not lyse its host cell - it becomes integrated into the bacterial genome in a harmless form - lying dorant for one or more generations. the virus mays tay integrated indefinitely - replicating along with the bacterial gneom
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Mutable
Lysogenic Cycle
Lyse
27. New codon may code for the same amino acid
Genetics
Episomes
Silent Mutation
Heterozygous
28. Pairs of homologues in sexually differentiated species
Nonsense Mutation
Phenotype
Autosomes
Bacterial Genome
29. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X
Varions
Ribosomes
Recessive Allele
Sex Linked
30. Progeny generations
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Filial (F generations)
Nonsense Mutation
Termination Codons
31. Bacteriophages that replicate by the lytic cycle - killing their host cells
Virulent
Alleles
Parental (P Generation)
Dihybrid Cross
32. Nucleic acid is replaced by another nucleic acid
Point Mutation
Codominance
DNA
Mutagenic Agents
33. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide
Dihybrid Cross
Monocistronic
Heredity
Heterozygous
34. Small circular rings of DNA which contain accessory genes
Complementary Base-Pairing
Translocation
Crosses
Plasmids
35. Silent allele -usually assigned capital letters
Heterozygous
Recessive Allele
Nondisjunction
Missense Mutation
36. Short segments from lagging strand
Genetic Code
Okazaki fragments
Nucleotide
Mutations
37. Occurs when linked genes are separated
Codons
Recombination
Heredity
Silent Mutation
38. Organisms that contain two copies of the same allele
Autosomes
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Crosses
39. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group
Mutations
Codominance
Alleles
Mendelian Genetics
40. Regulation of gene expression and enables prokaryotes to control their metabolism
Ribosomes
Termination Codons
Heterozygous
Transcription
41. Each new daughter helix contains an intact strand from the parent helix and a newly synthesized strand
Operator Gene
Peptide Bond
RNA
Semiconservative
42. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex
Elongation
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Ribosomes
Antibody resistance
43. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction
Dominant Allele
Mutable
Pyrimidines
Leading Strand
44. May be found on the plasmids and transferred into recipient cells along with these factors
DNA Replication
Nonsense Mutation
Missense Mutation
Antibody resistance
45. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon
tRNA Job
Polyribosome
Operator Gene
Promoter gene
46. Nucleic acids are deleted or inserted into the genome sequence (lethal)
Frameshift Mutation
Crosses
Sex Linked
Nucleotide
47. New codon may code for a different amino acid
Peptide Bond
Missense Mutation
Heterozygous
Lagging Strand
48. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Operon
Codons
Complementary Base-Pairing
49. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup
Phenotype
A-site
Semiconservative
Environmental Factors
50. (UAA - UAG - or UGA) terminates polypeptide synthesis
Termination Codons
Ribosomes
Genotype
Nonsense Mutation