SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. May be found on the plasmids and transferred into recipient cells along with these factors
Mendelian Genetics
Codominance
A-site
Antibody resistance
2. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis
Testcross
Dihybrid Cross
Autosomes
Bacteriophage
3. Structural component of ribsomes and is the most abundant of all RNA types -synthesized in the nucleolus
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Sex Linked Recessives
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Dominant Allele
4. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e
Punnet Square Diagram
Termination Codons
Drosophila Melanogaster
Nonsense Mutation
5. Language of DNA consists of four letters: A -T -C -G -language of proteins consists of 20 'words': 20 amino acids -universal for almost all organism
Repressible Systems
Heredity
Genetic Code
Missense Mutation
6. Diagnostic tool to determine the genotype of an organism -Only with a recessive phenotype can genotype be predicted with 100% accuracy -if dominant phenotype is expressed - the genotype can be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous -used to deter
Backcross
Testcross
DNA Replication
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
7. Consists of structural genes
Operon
tRNA Job
Chromosomal Breakage
Phenotype
8. Basic unit of DNA - which is composed of deoxyribose (a sugar) bonded to both a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base -bases: purines and pyrimidines
Nucleotide
Regulator Gene
Peptide Bond
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
9. Chromosome fragment
Varions
Polyribosome
Plasmid
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
10. Sugar-phosphate chains on the outside of the helix and the bases on the inside -C-G - T-A -AKA Watson Crick DNA model
Virulent
Sex Linked Recessives
Double-Stranded Helix
A-site
11. (AUG) ribosome scans the mRNA until it bonds to this (methionine) and UAC on anticodon of tRNA
Elongation
Start Codon
Codons
Ribosomes
12. Either the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis I or the failure of sister chromatids to separate properly during meiosis II -zygote might either have 3 copies of that chromosome (trisomy) or just a single copy (monos
Nondisjunction
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Virulent
Transcription
13. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands
A-site
Heterozygous
Frameshift Mutation
DNA Replication
14. The noncoding sequence of DNA that serves as the initial binding site for RNA polymerase
Termination Codons
Okazaki fragments
Translation
Promoter gene
15. Alternative forms of genes when it exists in more than one form
DNA Replication
Autosomes
Alleles
Lysogenic Cycle
16. New codon may code for the same amino acid
Silent Mutation
Codons
Parental (P Generation)
Double-Stranded Helix
17. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations
Lysogenic Cycle
Heredity
Varions
Sex Linked Recessives
18. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons
Mutagenic Agents
Anticodon
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
DNA Replication
19. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets
Plasmid
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Ribosomes
Codons
20. An organism with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype (Ax) is crossed with a phenotypically recessive organism
RNA
Double-Stranded Helix
Ribosomes
Backcross
21. Synthesized discontinuously in the 5'->3' direction (since DNA polymerase synthesizes only in that direction) as a series Okazaki fragments
Lagging Strand
Monohybrid Cross
Ribosomes
Leading Strand
22. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes
Incomplete Dominance
Parental (P Generation)
Inducible Systems
Operon
23. Nitrogen bases are added - deleted - or substituted - thus crating different genes; inappropriate amino acids may be inserted into polypeptide chains - and a mutated protein may be produced
Translation
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Incomplete Dominance
Gene Mutation
24. On amino acid which has an active site that binds to both the amino acid and its corresponding tRNA - ctalyzing their attachment to form an aminoacyl-tRNA complex
Operon
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Dominant Allele
Backcross
25. New codon may code for a different amino acid
Frameshift Mutation
Missense Mutation
Peptide Bond
Pyrimidines
26. Structure formed when many ribosomes simultaneously translate a single mRNA molecule
Bacteriophage
Polyribosome
Codons
Inducer-Repressor Complex
27. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance
Punnet Square Diagram
Regulator Gene
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Inducer-Repressor Complex
28. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)
Binary fission
Transcription
Episomes
Nucleotide
29. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction
Leading Strand
Transcription
Mutable
Bacterial Replication
30. Degeneracy/redundancy of the genetic code since there are 64 different codons and only 20 amino acids
Environmental Factors
Synonyms
Recombination
Plasmids
31. DNA language must be translated by mRNA in such a way as to produce the 20 words in the amino acid language
Gene
Episomes
Dihybrid Cross
Triplet Code
32. TRNA binding site for ribosomes to attach to the growing polypeptide chain (peace out site)
Episomes
P-site
Environmental Factors
Translation
33. Bacteriophages that replicate by the lytic cycle - killing their host cells
Missense Mutation
Virulent
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
34. Plasmids that are capable of integration into the bacterial genome
Mendelian Genetics
Complementary Base-Pairing
Episomes
Polyribosome
35. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup
Homozygous
Phenotype
Lagging Strand
Incomplete Dominance
36. Short segments from lagging strand
Okazaki fragments
Nonsense Mutation
Transformation
Genetics
37. Organisms that carry two different alleles
Sex Linked
Anticodon
Heterozygous
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
38. Deoxyribonucleic acid -contains information coded in the sequence of its base pairs - provding the cell with a blueprint for protein synthesis -regulate all life functions -has the ability to self replicate -basis of heredity -mutable
Punnet Square Diagram
Plasmids
Binary fission
DNA
39. (UAA - UAG - or UGA) terminates polypeptide synthesis
Leading Strand
Genetic Code
Termination Codons
Incomplete Dominance
40. Genetic makeup of an individual
Genotype
Mutagenic Agents
Nonsense Mutation
Point Mutation
41. System where the repressor binds to the operator - forming a barrier that prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the structural genes
Phenotype
Ribosomes
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Inducible Systems
42. True-breeding individuals (which - if self-crossed - produce progeny only with the parental phenotype) with different traits - mated them - and statistically analyzed the inheritance of the traits in the progeny
Crosses
Complementary Base-Pairing
Incomplete Dominance
Anticodon
43. Initiation - elongation - and termination
Ribosomes
Polypeptide Synthesis
Inducible Systems
Point Mutation
44. Consists of a single circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region of the cell
Bacterial Genome
Elongation
Repressible Systems
Inducer-Repressor Complex
45. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex
Elongation
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Chromosomal Breakage
Genotype
46. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices
Frameshift Mutation
Crosses
Mutable
Complementary Base-Pairing
47. Fruit fly -produces often (short life cycle) -reproduces in large numbers (large sample size) -chromosomes (especially in the salivary gland) are large and easily recognizable in size and shape -its chromosomes are few (4 pairs - 2n=8) -Mutations occ
Synonyms
Plasmid
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
Drosophila Melanogaster
48. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously
Gene Mutation
Bacterial Replication
Incomplete Dominance
Mutable
49. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X
Complementary Base-Pairing
Codons
Sex Linked
A-site
50. Occurs while multiple alleles exist for a given gene and more than one of them is dominant -expression of both dominant alleles are simultaneous -ex: ABO blood group
Codominance
P-site
Crosses
Genotype