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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Genetics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site and the fmet attached to the tRNA in the P site
Autosomes
Peptide Bond
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
Mutagenic Agents
2. Complex that can't bind to the operator - thus permitting transcription
Alleles
Complementary Base-Pairing
Codominance
Inducer-Repressor Complex
3. Bacteriophages that replicate by the lytic cycle - killing their host cells
Chromosomal Breakage
Virulent
RNA
Transcription
4. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)
Repressible Systems
Binary fission
Promoter gene
Mendel's First Law: Law of Segregation (Four Principles)
5. Composed of two subunits (consisting of proteins and rRNA) - one large and one small - that bind together only during protein synthesis -have 3 binding sites (for mRNA and two tRNA)
Promoter gene
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Ribosomes
Mutagenic Agents
6. Cytosine and thymine
Genetics
Elongation
Synonyms
Pyrimidines
7. The ribosome advances three nucleotides along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction and the uncharged tRNA from the P site is expelled - and the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site moves into the P site and completes the cycle
Lytic Cycle
Translocation
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Dihybrid Cross
8. Plasmids that are capable of integration into the bacterial genome
Bacterial Replication
Conjugation
Episomes
Phenotype
9. Small RNA found in the ctyoplasm that aids in the translation of mRNA's nucleotide code into a sequence of amino acids -brings amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis
Backcross
Homozygous
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Transcription
10. Synthesized discontinuously in the 5'->3' direction (since DNA polymerase synthesizes only in that direction) as a series Okazaki fragments
Lagging Strand
Plasmids
Plasmid
Lytic Cycle
11. New codon may code for a different amino acid
Point Mutation
Recombination
Autosomes
Missense Mutation
12. Regulation of gene expression and enables prokaryotes to control their metabolism
Inducer-Repressor Complex
Transcription
Ribosomes
Monohybrid Cross
13. Genes on the same chromosome will stay together unless crossing over occurs -crossing over exchanges information between chromosomes and may break the linkage of certain patterns
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14. Individuals being crossed
Parental (P Generation)
Silent Mutation
Leading Strand
Frameshift Mutation
15. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis
Dihybrid Cross
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Polyribosome
Dominant Allele
16. Recessive genes that are carried on the X chromosome will produce the recessive phenotypes whenever they occur in men because no dominant allele is present to mask them -ex: hemophilia and color blindness
Mutagenic Agents
Start Codon
Plasmid
Sex Linked Recessives
17. Occurs when linked genes are separated
Nucleotide
Recombination
Chromosomal Breakage
Homozygous
18. Codes for the synthesis of a repressor molecule that binds to the operator and blocks RNA polymerase form transcribing the structural genes
Regulator Gene
Alleles
Gene
Monocistronic
19. Structure formed when many ribosomes simultaneously translate a single mRNA molecule
Monocistronic
Autosomes
Transduction
Polyribosome
20. An organism with a dominant phenotype of unknown genotype (Ax) is crossed with a phenotypically recessive organism
Backcross
Codominance
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Elongation
21. Organisms that carry two different alleles
Conjugation
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Lyse
22. Carries the complement of a DNA sequence and transports it from the nucleus to the ribosomes -assembled from ribonucleotides that are complementary to the 'sense' strand of the DNA -monocistronic
Punnet Square Diagram
Messenger mRNA
Antibody resistance
Lytic Cycle
23. Consists of structural genes
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
tRNA Job
Sex Linked
Operon
24. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide
Gene Mutation
Monocistronic
Heterozygous
Filial (F generations)
25. Each new daughter helix contains an intact strand from the parent helix and a newly synthesized strand
Codons
Semiconservative
Repressible Systems
Recessive Allele
26. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons
Chromosomal Breakage
Repressible Systems
Lysogenic Cycle
Anticodon
27. Self replication ensures that its coded sequence will be passed on to successive generations
Crosses
Start Codon
Parental (P Generation)
Heredity
28. Initiation - elongation - and termination
Transcription
Nonsense Mutation
Polypeptide Synthesis
P-site
29. Physical manifestation of the genetic makeup
Heredity
Phenotype
Point Mutation
Gene
30. May be found on the plasmids and transferred into recipient cells along with these factors
Environmental Factors
Sex Linked
Silent Mutation
Antibody resistance
31. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e
Start Codon
Sex Linked Recessives
Mutagenic Agents
Punnet Square Diagram
32. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes
Lagging Strand
Mendel's Second Law: Law of Independent Assortment
Bacterial Replication
Incomplete Dominance
33. The noncoding sequence of DNA that serves as the initial binding site for RNA polymerase
Transduction
Promoter gene
Conjugation
RNA
34. TRNA binding site for ribosomes to attach to the growing polypeptide chain (peace out site)
P-site
Genotype
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Silent Mutation
35. New codon may code for the same amino acid
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Antibody resistance
Silent Mutation
Chromosomal Breakage
36. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next
Chromosomal Breakage
Point Mutation
Genetics
Transcription
37. Include incomplete dominance - and codominance
Start Codon
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Patterns
Synonyms
Drosophila Melanogaster
38. System where the repressor is inactive until it combines with the corepressor
Codons
Okazaki fragments
Monocistronic
Repressible Systems
39. On amino acid which has an active site that binds to both the amino acid and its corresponding tRNA - ctalyzing their attachment to form an aminoacyl-tRNA complex
Repressible Systems
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Recessive Allele
Autosomes
40. Location of genes on DNA
Sex Linked Recessives
Lytic Cycle
Chromosomes
Anticodon
41. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X
Elongation
Sex Linked
Recombination
Missense Mutation
42. Where protein synthesis occurs
Antibody resistance
Gene
Ribosomes
Plasmids
43. DNA language must be translated by mRNA in such a way as to produce the 20 words in the amino acid language
Triplet Code
Okazaki fragments
Heredity
Operator Gene
44. Changes in the genetic information of a cell coded in the DNA -if occured in the somatic cells - it can lead to tumors in an individual
Heredity
Monocistronic
Elongation
Mutations
45. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands
Frameshift Mutation
Virulent
A-site
DNA Replication
46. Cell burst
A-site
Missense Mutation
Lyse
Punnet Square Diagram
47. Binds to the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex (Arriving site)
A-site
Sex Linked Recessives
Varions
Genetics
48. Either the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis I or the failure of sister chromatids to separate properly during meiosis II -zygote might either have 3 copies of that chromosome (trisomy) or just a single copy (monos
Gene
Mendel's Law of Dominance
Translation
Nondisjunction
49. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously
Bacterial Replication
A-site
Transcription
Regulator Gene
50. Can be altered under certain conditions - altering the corresponding characteristics in the organism
Transcription
Nonsense Mutation
Recessive Allele
Mutable