Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Genetics

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Organisms that contain two copies of the same allele






2. Occurs when linked genes are separated






3. Begins at a unique origin of and proceeds in both directions simultaneously






4. The ribosome advances three nucleotides along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction and the uncharged tRNA from the P site is expelled - and the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site moves into the P site and completes the cycle






5. Alternative forms of genes when it exists in more than one form






6. Consists of a single circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region of the cell






7. If the bacterioophage does not lyse its host cell - it becomes integrated into the bacterial genome in a harmless form - lying dorant for one or more generations. the virus mays tay integrated indefinitely - replicating along with the bacterial gneom






8. Virus that infcts its host bacterium by attaching to it - boring a hole through the bacterial cell wall - and injecting its DNA while its protein coat remains attached to the cell wall and enters the host in either a lytic cycle or a lysogenic cycle






9. Base sequence of mRNA is translated as a series of triplets






10. One mRNA strand codes for one polypeptide






11. True-breeding individuals (which - if self-crossed - produce progeny only with the parental phenotype) with different traits - mated them - and statistically analyzed the inheritance of the traits in the progeny






12. Genes that are located on the X or Y chromosome -in humans - most are located on the X






13. The study of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next






14. Small RNA found in the ctyoplasm that aids in the translation of mRNA's nucleotide code into a sequence of amino acids -brings amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis






15. Hydrogen bonds form between the mRNA codon in the A site and its complementary anticodon on the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex






16. Nitrogen bases are added - deleted - or substituted - thus crating different genes; inappropriate amino acids may be inserted into polypeptide chains - and a mutated protein may be produced






17. New codon may code for the same amino acid






18. The parents differ in two traits - as long as the genes are on separate chromosomes and assort independently during meiosis






19. Each new daughter helix contains an intact strand from the parent helix and a newly synthesized strand






20. New codon may be a stop codon






21. The process whereby information coded in the base sequence of DNA is transcribed into a strand of mRNA that leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. the remaining events of protein synthesis occur in the cytoplasm






22. Each strand of DNA that is a template in the synthesis of two new daughter helices






23. One way of predicting the genotypes expected form a cross -genotypes are determined by looking at the intersections of the grid -indicates all potential progeny genotypes and the relative frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes can be e






24. Brings amino acids to the ribosomes in the correct sequence for polypeptide synthesis -recognizes both the amino acid and the mRNA codon






25. Daughter strand that is continuously synthesized by DNA polymerase in the 5'->3' direction






26. Diagnostic tool to determine the genotype of an organism -Only with a recessive phenotype can genotype be predicted with 100% accuracy -if dominant phenotype is expressed - the genotype can be either homozygous dominant or heterozygous -used to deter






27. Complementary to one of the mRNA codons






28. Short segments from lagging strand






29. Bacteriophages that replicate by the lytic cycle - killing their host cells






30. Progeny phenotypes are apparently blends of the parental phenotypes






31. Organisms that carry two different alleles






32. Progeny generations






33. Reproduction of bacterial cells and proliferate very rapidly under favorable conditions -asexual prcoess -3 kinds (transformation - conjugation and transduction)






34. Double stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands






35. Structural component of ribsomes and is the most abundant of all RNA types -synthesized in the nucleolus






36. The process by which a foreign plasmid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome via recombination - creating new inheritable genetic combinations






37. Expressed allele -usually assigned capital letters






38. 1) Genes exist in alternative forms. A gene controls a specific trait in an organism. 2) An organism has two alleles for each inherited trait - one inherited from each parent 3) The two alleles segregate during meiosis - resulting in gametes that car

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


39. Nucleic acids are deleted or inserted into the genome sequence (lethal)






40. TRNA binding site for ribosomes to attach to the growing polypeptide chain (peace out site)






41. Dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


42. Carries the complement of a DNA sequence and transports it from the nucleus to the ribosomes -assembled from ribonucleotides that are complementary to the 'sense' strand of the DNA -monocistronic






43. Small circular rings of DNA which contain accessory genes






44. (AUG) ribosome scans the mRNA until it bonds to this (methionine) and UAC on anticodon of tRNA






45. Transfer of genetic material between two bacteria that re temporarily joined






46. Binds to the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA complex (Arriving site)






47. Individuals being crossed






48. Sugar-phosphate chains on the outside of the helix and the bases on the inside -C-G - T-A -AKA Watson Crick DNA model






49. Cell burst






50. Where protein synthesis occurs