Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






2. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






3. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






4. State of partial contraction






5. Refers to a bending of a joint






6. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






7. Involved in blood cell formation






8. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






9. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






10. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






11. Muscle tissues of the heart






12. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






13. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






14. Move by beating cilia or flagella






15. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






16. The region containing thin filaments only






17. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






18. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






19. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






20. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






21. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






22. Composed of thin and thick filaments






23. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






24. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






25. Serve as bone to bone connectors






26. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






27. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






28. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






29. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






30. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






31. Indicates a straightening of a join






32. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






33. Concentric circles of bony matrix






34. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






35. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






36. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






37. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






38. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






39. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






40. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






41. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






42. Chains of actin molecules






43. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






44. Region containing thick filaments only






45. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






46. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






47. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






48. Units of diveded myofibrils






49. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules






50. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage