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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight
Isometric Contraction
Isotonic Contraction
Bone
Red Marrow
2. Chains of actin molecules
Insertion
Thin filaments
Thick Filaments
ATP
3. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases
Flexion
Insertion
Isometric Contraction
Spongy Bone
4. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle
Bone
Ligaments
Striated Muscle
Compact Bone
5. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed
Extension
A Band
Cartilage
Osteoblasts
6. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification
Muscle Contraction
Bone Formation
Rig Mortis
Thin filaments
7. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments
A Band
Rig Mortis
Thin filaments
Yellow marrow
8. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules
Extension
Ligaments
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Flagella
9. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae
Cori Cycle
Osteon
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
Extrapyramidal System
10. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber
Latent period
Tetanus
Pseudopodia
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
11. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant
Smooth Muscle
Isotonic Contraction
ATP
Striated Muscle
12. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged
Myofibrils
Temporal Summation
Dynamic Contraction
Extrapyramidal System
13. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber
Ligaments
Sarcomeres
Bone Formation
Neuromuscular Junction
14. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils
Compact Bone
Extension
Sarcolemma
Chorondytes
15. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly
Myoglobin
Exoskeleton
Spongy Bone
ATP
16. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction
Sarcomeres
Dynamic Contraction
Pseudopodia
Latent period
17. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules
Pyramidal System
Tetanus
Simple Twhich
Spongy Bone
18. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms
Sarcolemma
Flagella
Endoskeleton
Lamellae
19. State of partial contraction
Absolute Refractory Period
Myoglobin
Tonus
Sarcomeres
20. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases
Concentric Contraction
Tetanus
H zone
Eccentric Contraction
21. Move by beating cilia or flagella
Unicellular Locomotion
Endoskeleton
Sarcomeres
Flatworms
22. Region containing thick filaments only
Absolute Refractory Period
Tendons
H zone
Bone Formation
23. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone
Striated Muscle
Chorondytes
Axial Skeleton
Endochondral Ossification
24. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases
Concentric Contraction
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Origin
Rig Mortis
25. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone
Spicules
Intramembranous Ossification
Flexion
M line
26. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Endoskeleton
ATP
Osteoclasts
27. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell
Fiber
I band
Creatine Phosphate and ARginine Phosphate
Smooth Muscle
28. Muscle tissues of the heart
Spicules
Axial Skeleton
Osteoclasts
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
29. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period
A Band
Simple Twhich
Osteoblasts
Concentric Contraction
30. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle
Ligaments
Dynamic Contraction
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
31. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential
Concentric Contraction
Unicellular Locomotion
Insertion
T system
32. Runs down the center of the sarcomere
ATP
M line
Compact Bone
A Band
33. Serve as bone to bone connectors
Unicellular Locomotion
Ligaments
Flexion
H zone
34. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
Absolute Refractory Period
Skeletal Muscle
Chorondytes
35. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments
Tonus
Z line
Sarcolemma
Tendons
36. Refers to a bending of a joint
Lamellae
Sarcomere
Flexion
Latent period
37. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system
Spongy Bone
Skeletal Muscle
Neuromuscular Junction
Fiber
38. Units of diveded myofibrils
Pseudopodia
Rig Mortis
Sarcomeres
Tendons
39. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Z line
Sarcomeres
Ligaments
40. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis
Fiber
Exoskeleton
Tendons
Creatine Phosphate and ARginine Phosphate
41. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons
Isotonic Contraction
Origin
Compact Bone
Sarcolemma
42. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward
Pseudopodia
Flatworms
Flagella
Axial Skeleton
43. Indicates a straightening of a join
Extension
Tonus
M line
Neuromuscular Junction
44. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton
Dynamic Contraction
Spongy Bone
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Skeletal Muscle
45. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level
Extrapyramidal System
M line
Ligaments
Absolute Refractory Period
46. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue
Osteoclasts
Yellow marrow
Spicules
Striated Muscle
47. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)
Origin
Osteoclasts
Dynamic Contraction
Striated Muscle
48. Concentric circles of bony matrix
Latent period
Sarcomere
Lamellae
Tonus
49. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle
Muscle Contraction
Temporal Summation
Muscles in Mammals
Extrapyramidal System
50. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound
A Band
Creatine Phosphate and ARginine Phosphate
Tetanus
Cartilage