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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






2. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






3. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






4. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






5. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






6. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






7. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






8. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






9. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






10. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






11. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






12. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






13. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






14. Region containing thick filaments only






15. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






16. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






17. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






18. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






19. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






20. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






21. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






22. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






23. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






24. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






25. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






26. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






27. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






28. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






29. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






30. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






31. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






32. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






33. Composed of thin and thick filaments






34. Involved in blood cell formation






35. Units of diveded myofibrils






36. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






37. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






38. State of partial contraction






39. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






40. Serve as bone to bone connectors






41. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






42. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






43. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






44. Move by beating cilia or flagella






45. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






46. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






47. Muscle tissues of the heart






48. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






49. The region containing thin filaments only






50. Refers to a bending of a joint