Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






2. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






3. Refers to a bending of a joint






4. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






5. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






6. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






7. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






8. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






9. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






10. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






11. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






12. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






13. Units of diveded myofibrils






14. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






15. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






16. Move by beating cilia or flagella






17. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






18. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






19. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






20. Involved in blood cell formation






21. Muscle tissues of the heart






22. Region containing thick filaments only






23. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






24. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






25. Indicates a straightening of a join






26. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






27. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






28. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






29. Serve as bone to bone connectors






30. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






31. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






32. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






33. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






34. Concentric circles of bony matrix






35. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






36. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






37. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






38. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






39. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






40. Chains of actin molecules






41. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






42. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






43. State of partial contraction






44. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






45. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






46. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






47. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






48. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






49. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






50. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron