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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton
Insertion
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Origin
Endochondral Ossification
2. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Extension
Dynamic Contraction
ATP
3. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption
Spongy Bone
Insertion
Osteoclasts
Isotonic Contraction
4. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction
Rig Mortis
Isotonic Contraction
ATP
Unicellular Locomotion
5. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle
Striated Muscle
Concentric Contraction
Flexion
Origin
6. Serve as bone to bone connectors
Muscles in Mammals
Extrapyramidal System
Ligaments
A Band
7. Involved in blood cell formation
Isometric Contraction
Simple Twhich
Yellow marrow
Red Marrow
8. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone
Endochondral Ossification
ATP
Tonus
Myofibrils
9. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber
Neuromuscular Junction
Lamellae
Myoglobin
Simple Twhich
10. Runs down the center of the sarcomere
Extension
Skeletal Muscle
Insertion
M line
11. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases
Bone
Dynamic Contraction
Flexion
Isometric Contraction
12. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)
Flatworms
Absolute Refractory Period
Tendons
Cartilage
13. Indicates a straightening of a join
ATP
Extension
Intramembranous Ossification
Temporal Summation
14. Concentric circles of bony matrix
Fiber
Z line
Lamellae
Chorondytes
15. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints
Ligaments
Skeletal Muscle
Tendons
Red Marrow
16. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system
M line
Skeletal Muscle
Neuromuscular Junction
Unicellular Locomotion
17. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments
Chorondytes
Exoskeleton
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
Rig Mortis
18. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone
Thick Filaments
I band
Myofibrils
Intramembranous Ossification
19. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Thin filaments
Bone Formation
Endoskeleton
20. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged
Tetanus
Bone
Temporal Summation
Cori Cycle
21. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus
Origin
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Temporal Summation
Absolute Refractory Period
22. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle
Z line
Thin filaments
Muscles in Mammals
Myofibrils
23. Refers to a bending of a joint
Dynamic Contraction
Muscle Contraction
Endochondral Ossification
Flexion
24. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight
Sarcolemma
Pseudopodia
Bone
Intramembranous Ossification
25. Move by beating cilia or flagella
Lamellae
Unicellular Locomotion
Origin
Tetanus
26. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue
Flexion
Pseudopodia
Yellow marrow
Spongy Bone
27. The region containing thin filaments only
Pyramidal System
I band
Cori Cycle
Exoskeleton
28. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed
Neuromuscular Junction
Cartilage
M line
Bone Formation
29. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification
Endochondral Ossification
Neuromuscular Junction
Intramembranous Ossification
Bone Formation
30. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae
Bone
Flatworms
Tendons
Osteon
31. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules
Tendons
Spongy Bone
Extrapyramidal System
Flatworms
32. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules
Bone
Endoskeleton
Simple Twhich
Thick Filaments
33. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber
Thin filaments
Tetanus
Temporal Summation
I band
34. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis
Muscles in Mammals
Bone
Exoskeleton
Concentric Contraction
35. Composed of thin and thick filaments
Eccentric Contraction
Bone
Sarcomere
Lamellae
36. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward
ATP
Smooth Muscle
Pseudopodia
Isotonic Contraction
37. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential
T system
Extrapyramidal System
Yellow marrow
Unicellular Locomotion
38. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments
Flatworms
Compact Bone
Endochondral Ossification
A Band
39. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases
Sarcomere
Eccentric Contraction
Neuromuscular Junction
Smooth Muscle
40. Chains of actin molecules
Pyramidal System
Origin
Osteoblasts
Thin filaments
41. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils
Sarcolemma
Ligaments
M line
Osteoblasts
42. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)
Origin
Tendons
Rig Mortis
Unicellular Locomotion
43. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant
Insertion
Neuromuscular Junction
Flagella
Isotonic Contraction
44. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places
Smooth Muscle
I band
Sarcomere
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
45. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level
Extrapyramidal System
Ligaments
Sarcolemma
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
46. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons
Flatworms
Compact Bone
Red Marrow
Extrapyramidal System
47. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage
Osteoclasts
A Band
Axial Skeleton
Sarcomeres
48. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage
Isometric Contraction
ATP
Chorondytes
Exoskeleton
49. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly
Myoglobin
Tendons
Spicules
Creatine Phosphate and ARginine Phosphate
50. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments
Latent period
Z line
Extrapyramidal System
Flatworms