Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






2. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






3. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






4. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






5. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






6. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






7. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






8. Involved in blood cell formation






9. Refers to a bending of a joint






10. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






11. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






12. State of partial contraction






13. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






14. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






15. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






16. Muscle tissues of the heart






17. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






18. Indicates a straightening of a join






19. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






20. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






21. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






22. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






23. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






24. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






25. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






26. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






27. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






28. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






29. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






30. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






31. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






32. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






33. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






34. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






35. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






36. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






37. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






38. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






39. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






40. Move by beating cilia or flagella






41. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






42. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






43. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






44. Region containing thick filaments only






45. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






46. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






47. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






48. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






49. Units of diveded myofibrils






50. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber