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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






2. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






3. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






4. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






5. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






6. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






7. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






8. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






9. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






10. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






11. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






12. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






13. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






14. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






15. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






16. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






17. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






18. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






19. The region containing thin filaments only






20. Concentric circles of bony matrix






21. Chains of actin molecules






22. Refers to a bending of a joint






23. Move by beating cilia or flagella






24. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






25. State of partial contraction






26. Serve as bone to bone connectors






27. Muscle tissues of the heart






28. Units of diveded myofibrils






29. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






30. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






31. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






32. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






33. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






34. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






35. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






36. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






37. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






38. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






39. Composed of thin and thick filaments






40. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






41. Indicates a straightening of a join






42. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






43. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






44. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






45. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






46. Region containing thick filaments only






47. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






48. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






49. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






50. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus