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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






2. Concentric circles of bony matrix






3. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






4. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






5. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






6. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






7. Move by beating cilia or flagella






8. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






9. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






10. Indicates a straightening of a join






11. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






12. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






13. Chains of actin molecules






14. Composed of thin and thick filaments






15. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






16. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






17. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






18. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






19. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






20. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






21. The region containing thin filaments only






22. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






23. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






24. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






25. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






26. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






27. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






28. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






29. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






30. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






31. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






32. Muscle tissues of the heart






33. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






34. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






35. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






36. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






37. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






38. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






39. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






40. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






41. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






42. Involved in blood cell formation






43. Units of diveded myofibrils






44. Serve as bone to bone connectors






45. Refers to a bending of a joint






46. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






47. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






48. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






49. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






50. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)