Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






2. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






3. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






4. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






5. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






6. Serve as bone to bone connectors






7. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






8. Chains of actin molecules






9. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






10. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






11. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






12. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






13. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






14. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






15. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






16. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






17. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






18. Involved in blood cell formation






19. Indicates a straightening of a join






20. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






21. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






22. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






23. Refers to a bending of a joint






24. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






25. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






26. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






27. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






28. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






29. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






30. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






31. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






32. Region containing thick filaments only






33. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules






34. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






35. The region containing thin filaments only






36. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






37. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






38. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






39. State of partial contraction






40. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






41. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






42. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






43. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






44. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






45. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






46. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






47. Units of diveded myofibrils






48. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






49. Muscle tissues of the heart






50. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound