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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






2. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






3. Muscle tissues of the heart






4. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






5. Move by beating cilia or flagella






6. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






7. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






8. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






9. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






10. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






11. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






12. Involved in blood cell formation






13. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






14. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






15. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






16. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






17. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






18. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






19. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






20. Serve as bone to bone connectors






21. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules






22. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






23. Indicates a straightening of a join






24. Chains of actin molecules






25. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






26. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






27. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






28. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






29. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






30. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






31. Composed of thin and thick filaments






32. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






33. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






34. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






35. Units of diveded myofibrils






36. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






37. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






38. Region containing thick filaments only






39. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






40. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






41. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






42. The region containing thin filaments only






43. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






44. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






45. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






46. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






47. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






48. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






49. Concentric circles of bony matrix






50. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases