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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Indicates a straightening of a join






2. Muscle tissues of the heart






3. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






4. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






5. State of partial contraction






6. Move by beating cilia or flagella






7. Region containing thick filaments only






8. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






9. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






10. Serve as bone to bone connectors






11. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






12. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






13. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






14. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






15. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






16. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






17. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






18. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






19. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






20. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






21. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






22. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






23. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






24. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






25. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






26. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






27. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






28. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






29. The region containing thin filaments only






30. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






31. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






32. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






33. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






34. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






35. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






36. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






37. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






38. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






39. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






40. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






41. Refers to a bending of a joint






42. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






43. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






44. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






45. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






46. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






47. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






48. Chains of actin molecules






49. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






50. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction







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