Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






2. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






3. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






4. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






5. Involved in blood cell formation






6. Move by beating cilia or flagella






7. Region containing thick filaments only






8. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






9. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






10. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






11. Chains of actin molecules






12. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






13. Serve as bone to bone connectors






14. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






15. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






16. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






17. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






18. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






19. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






20. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






21. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






22. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






23. Refers to a bending of a joint






24. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






25. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






26. The region containing thin filaments only






27. Concentric circles of bony matrix






28. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






29. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






30. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






31. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






32. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






33. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






34. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






35. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






36. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






37. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






38. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






39. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






40. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






41. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






42. Indicates a straightening of a join






43. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






44. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






45. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






46. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






47. Units of diveded myofibrils






48. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






49. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






50. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification