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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion
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Subjects
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pcat
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biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight
Thin filaments
H zone
Endochondral Ossification
Bone
2. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification
Chorondytes
Muscle Contraction
Bone Formation
A Band
3. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints
Sarcolemma
Temporal Summation
Tendons
I band
4. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases
Concentric Contraction
I band
Extension
Axial Skeleton
5. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage
Chorondytes
Osteoblasts
Thick Filaments
Red Marrow
6. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period
Smooth Muscle
Pyramidal System
Simple Twhich
Bone
7. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases
Yellow marrow
ATP
Axial Skeleton
Eccentric Contraction
8. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils
Unicellular Locomotion
Endoskeleton
Pyramidal System
Sarcolemma
9. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly
Osteoblasts
Striated Muscle
Myoglobin
Rig Mortis
10. Composed of thin and thick filaments
Red Marrow
Sarcomere
Pseudopodia
Dynamic Contraction
11. The region containing thin filaments only
M line
Extrapyramidal System
Muscle Contraction
I band
12. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage
Rig Mortis
T system
Muscles in Mammals
Axial Skeleton
13. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant
Spongy Bone
Simple Twhich
Insertion
Isotonic Contraction
14. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)
H zone
Origin
Thick Filaments
Muscles in Mammals
15. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption
Osteoclasts
Dynamic Contraction
Sarcomere
ATP
16. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow
Dynamic Contraction
Myoglobin
Spicules
Intramembranous Ossification
17. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber
Rig Mortis
Neuromuscular Junction
Insertion
Simple Twhich
18. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged
Temporal Summation
Spongy Bone
Osteon
Extension
19. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue
Concentric Contraction
Pseudopodia
Yellow marrow
Bone
20. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules
Myoglobin
Spongy Bone
Latent period
Dynamic Contraction
21. Serve as bone to bone connectors
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Unicellular Locomotion
I band
Ligaments
22. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
T system
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Pseudopodia
23. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs
Extension
Latent period
Dynamic Contraction
Pyramidal System
24. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level
Striated Muscle
Extrapyramidal System
Temporal Summation
Unicellular Locomotion
25. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
Yellow marrow
Sarcomere
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
26. Muscle tissues of the heart
Isometric Contraction
Myofibrils
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
ATP
27. Chains of actin molecules
Chorondytes
Rig Mortis
Unicellular Locomotion
Thin filaments
28. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward
Myoglobin
Sarcolemma
Flagella
Pseudopodia
29. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle
Striated Muscle
Thin filaments
Extrapyramidal System
Sarcomere
30. Concentric circles of bony matrix
Red Marrow
Chorondytes
Lamellae
Tonus
31. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell
Fiber
Red Marrow
Temporal Summation
Yellow marrow
32. State of partial contraction
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Tonus
Eccentric Contraction
Extrapyramidal System
33. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber
Myofibrils
Isotonic Contraction
Tetanus
Endochondral Ossification
34. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases
Absolute Refractory Period
Yellow marrow
Ligaments
Isometric Contraction
35. Region containing thick filaments only
H zone
Sarcolemma
Striated Muscle
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
36. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone
Sarcolemma
Endochondral Ossification
Spicules
Osteon
37. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone
Rig Mortis
Compact Bone
A Band
Intramembranous Ossification
38. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound
Creatine Phosphate and ARginine Phosphate
Thin filaments
Flagella
Pyramidal System
39. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus
Absolute Refractory Period
Ligaments
Bone
Latent period
40. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules
Thick Filaments
Flagella
Red Marrow
Isotonic Contraction
41. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle
Rig Mortis
ATP
Dynamic Contraction
Thin filaments
42. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)
Osteon
Flatworms
Origin
Extrapyramidal System
43. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes
Neuromuscular Junction
Tonus
Bone
Osteoblasts
44. Involved in blood cell formation
Skeletal Muscle
Red Marrow
Cori Cycle
Compact Bone
45. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron
M line
Origin
Myoglobin
Muscle Contraction
46. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres
Exoskeleton
Rig Mortis
Temporal Summation
Myofibrils
47. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system
Concentric Contraction
Osteoblasts
Skeletal Muscle
Neuromuscular Junction
48. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed
Neuromuscular Junction
Cartilage
Sarcomeres
H zone
49. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons
Tendons
T system
Rig Mortis
Compact Bone
50. Runs down the center of the sarcomere
Fiber
ATP
M line
Flagella