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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus
Flagella
T system
Absolute Refractory Period
Neuromuscular Junction
2. Indicates a straightening of a join
Insertion
Extension
Endochondral Ossification
Muscles in Mammals
3. Concentric circles of bony matrix
H zone
Lamellae
Red Marrow
Sarcomere
4. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints
Ligaments
Skeletal Muscle
Tendons
Extension
5. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules
Yellow marrow
Concentric Contraction
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Flagella
6. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments
ATP
Z line
Spicules
Isometric Contraction
7. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases
Sarcolemma
Thin filaments
Concentric Contraction
Endoskeleton
8. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons
Compact Bone
Fiber
I band
Isotonic Contraction
9. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs
Pyramidal System
Spicules
Bone Formation
Fiber
10. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification
Intramembranous Ossification
Insertion
Bone Formation
H zone
11. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly
Flexion
Intramembranous Ossification
I band
Myoglobin
12. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules
I band
T system
Spongy Bone
Sarcomere
13. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity
A Band
Origin
Latent period
Cori Cycle
14. Refers to a bending of a joint
Flexion
Axial Skeleton
Insertion
Sarcomeres
15. Composed of thin and thick filaments
Sarcomere
Cartilage
Pseudopodia
Osteon
16. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed
Yellow marrow
Compact Bone
I band
Cartilage
17. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases
Isometric Contraction
Ligaments
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
Compact Bone
18. State of partial contraction
Osteon
Tonus
Unicellular Locomotion
T system
19. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)
Thick Filaments
Myoglobin
Flatworms
Osteon
20. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places
Insertion
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Origin
Smooth Muscle
21. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes
Creatine Phosphate and ARginine Phosphate
M line
Osteoblasts
Simple Twhich
22. Units of diveded myofibrils
Endoskeleton
Sarcomeres
Spongy Bone
Flagella
23. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged
Pyramidal System
I band
Temporal Summation
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
24. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone
Tonus
Sarcolemma
Endochondral Ossification
Rig Mortis
25. The region containing thin filaments only
Smooth Muscle
I band
Latent period
Osteoblasts
26. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption
Neuromuscular Junction
Dynamic Contraction
Osteoclasts
Creatine Phosphate and ARginine Phosphate
27. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue
Tonus
Yellow marrow
Spongy Bone
Thick Filaments
28. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system
Latent period
Myoglobin
Tetanus
Skeletal Muscle
29. Region containing thick filaments only
H zone
Muscles in Mammals
Tonus
Endochondral Ossification
30. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential
Temporal Summation
Simple Twhich
Bone Formation
T system
31. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms
Endoskeleton
Bone
Intramembranous Ossification
Tendons
32. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron
Muscle Contraction
Osteon
Bone Formation
Chorondytes
33. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils
A Band
Origin
H zone
Sarcolemma
34. Move by beating cilia or flagella
Osteoclasts
Bone Formation
Unicellular Locomotion
Endochondral Ossification
35. Serve as bone to bone connectors
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Ligaments
Isometric Contraction
Thick Filaments
36. Runs down the center of the sarcomere
Unicellular Locomotion
M line
Tendons
Exoskeleton
37. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments
Isotonic Contraction
Rig Mortis
Endoskeleton
Spicules
38. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction
Extrapyramidal System
Endoskeleton
Latent period
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
39. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber
Absolute Refractory Period
Flagella
Neuromuscular Junction
Osteoblasts
40. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight
Bone Formation
Bone
H zone
Exoskeleton
41. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone
Intramembranous Ossification
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Bone Formation
Sarcomere
42. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Dynamic Contraction
I band
T system
43. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)
Pseudopodia
Lamellae
Pyramidal System
Origin
44. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound
Tendons
Creatine Phosphate and ARginine Phosphate
Tetanus
Chorondytes
45. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period
Simple Twhich
Muscles in Mammals
H zone
Concentric Contraction
46. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage
Concentric Contraction
Chorondytes
Osteoblasts
Pyramidal System
47. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber
Bone
Tetanus
Chorondytes
Smooth Muscle
48. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae
Flagella
Sarcomeres
Osteon
Extrapyramidal System
49. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction
Pseudopodia
H zone
ATP
Lamellae
50. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils
Ligaments
Dynamic Contraction
Cartilage
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum