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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron
Ligaments
Osteoblasts
Spongy Bone
Muscle Contraction
2. Chains of actin molecules
Sarcomere
Thin filaments
Intramembranous Ossification
Lamellae
3. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential
Ligaments
Fiber
T system
I band
4. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis
Exoskeleton
Unicellular Locomotion
Spicules
Rig Mortis
5. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle
Bone
Red Marrow
Striated Muscle
Latent period
6. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Extension
Spongy Bone
Myofibrils
7. Refers to a bending of a joint
Sarcomeres
Flexion
Spongy Bone
Cori Cycle
8. Involved in blood cell formation
Red Marrow
Chorondytes
Z line
Eccentric Contraction
9. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period
Simple Twhich
I band
Origin
Pseudopodia
10. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)
Insertion
Sarcolemma
Pyramidal System
Osteoclasts
11. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms
Isotonic Contraction
Spongy Bone
Endoskeleton
Neuromuscular Junction
12. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber
Temporal Summation
Neuromuscular Junction
Cartilage
Tetanus
13. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes
Insertion
Osteoblasts
Muscle Contraction
Compact Bone
14. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases
M line
Absolute Refractory Period
Concentric Contraction
ATP
15. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly
Myoglobin
Isotonic Contraction
Origin
Sarcomeres
16. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules
Concentric Contraction
Tonus
Spongy Bone
Isometric Contraction
17. Units of diveded myofibrils
Sarcomeres
Exoskeleton
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Axial Skeleton
18. Concentric circles of bony matrix
Pseudopodia
Concentric Contraction
T system
Lamellae
19. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres
Myofibrils
Tetanus
Simple Twhich
Osteon
20. Indicates a straightening of a join
Extension
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Extrapyramidal System
Compact Bone
21. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage
Axial Skeleton
Bone Formation
Skeletal Muscle
Pyramidal System
22. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places
Bone
Smooth Muscle
Cori Cycle
Isotonic Contraction
23. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity
T system
Osteon
Cori Cycle
Tetanus
24. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone
Smooth Muscle
Extrapyramidal System
Pyramidal System
Intramembranous Ossification
25. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system
Skeletal Muscle
Osteon
Flexion
Temporal Summation
26. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments
Rig Mortis
Insertion
ATP
Compact Bone
27. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction
Flatworms
Insertion
ATP
Unicellular Locomotion
28. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases
Osteoclasts
Axial Skeleton
Tetanus
Isometric Contraction
29. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification
Red Marrow
Isometric Contraction
Eccentric Contraction
Bone Formation
30. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments
Z line
Axial Skeleton
Tetanus
Sarcomeres
31. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
Segmented Worms (Annelids)
Fiber
Temporal Summation
32. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell
Thin filaments
Axial Skeleton
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
Fiber
33. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight
Thin filaments
Bone
Sarcomeres
Spicules
34. Composed of thin and thick filaments
Z line
Osteon
Osteoclasts
Sarcomere
35. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow
Rig Mortis
Spicules
Neuromuscular Junction
Endochondral Ossification
36. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber
Spongy Bone
Neuromuscular Junction
Pseudopodia
Simple Twhich
37. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant
Isotonic Contraction
Lamellae
Pyramidal System
Ligaments
38. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments
A Band
Thin filaments
Osteon
Dynamic Contraction
39. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue
Chorondytes
Tendons
Bone
Yellow marrow
40. Region containing thick filaments only
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
H zone
Pyramidal System
Lamellae
41. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone
Spongy Bone
Z line
Origin
Endochondral Ossification
42. Serve as bone to bone connectors
Ligaments
Tonus
Isometric Contraction
Osteon
43. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases
Eccentric Contraction
Flexion
Flatworms
Flagella
44. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction
Latent period
Insertion
I band
Ligaments
45. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus
Absolute Refractory Period
Endoskeleton
H zone
Sarcomere
46. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils
Sarcolemma
Chorondytes
Yellow marrow
I band
47. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle
Creatine Phosphate and ARginine Phosphate
T system
Muscles in Mammals
Isotonic Contraction
48. Move by beating cilia or flagella
Unicellular Locomotion
Tetanus
Osteoclasts
Latent period
49. Muscle tissues of the heart
Cardiac Muscle Fibers
Endochondral Ossification
Osteoclasts
Insertion
50. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints
Sarcolemma
Rig Mortis
Tendons
Compact Bone