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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Muscle tissues of the heart






2. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






3. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






4. Involved in blood cell formation






5. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






6. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






7. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






8. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






9. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






10. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






11. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






12. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






13. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






14. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






15. Region containing thick filaments only






16. The region containing thin filaments only






17. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






18. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






19. Composed of thin and thick filaments






20. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






21. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






22. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






23. Chains of actin molecules






24. Units of diveded myofibrils






25. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






26. Concentric circles of bony matrix






27. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






28. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






29. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






30. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






31. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






32. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






33. State of partial contraction






34. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






35. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






36. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






37. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






38. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






39. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






40. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






41. Move by beating cilia or flagella






42. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






43. Refers to a bending of a joint






44. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






45. Indicates a straightening of a join






46. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






47. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






48. Serve as bone to bone connectors






49. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






50. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments