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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






2. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






3. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






4. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






5. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






6. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






7. Indicates a straightening of a join






8. Muscle tissues of the heart






9. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






10. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






11. Units of diveded myofibrils






12. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






13. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






14. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules






15. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






16. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






17. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






18. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






19. Move by beating cilia or flagella






20. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






21. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






22. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






23. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






24. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






25. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






26. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






27. Chains of actin molecules






28. Concentric circles of bony matrix






29. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






30. The region containing thin filaments only






31. Region containing thick filaments only






32. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






33. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






34. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






35. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






36. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






37. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






38. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






39. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






40. Refers to a bending of a joint






41. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






42. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






43. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






44. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






45. Serve as bone to bone connectors






46. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






47. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






48. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






49. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






50. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity