Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Chains of actin molecules






2. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






3. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






4. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






5. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






6. Serve as bone to bone connectors






7. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






8. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






9. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






10. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






11. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






12. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






13. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






14. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






15. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






16. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






17. Move by beating cilia or flagella






18. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






19. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






20. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






21. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






22. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






23. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






24. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






25. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






26. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






27. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






28. The region containing thin filaments only






29. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






30. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






31. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






32. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






33. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






34. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






35. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






36. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






37. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






38. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






39. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






40. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






41. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






42. Indicates a straightening of a join






43. Concentric circles of bony matrix






44. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






45. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






46. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






47. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






48. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






49. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






50. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell