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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






2. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






3. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






4. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






5. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






6. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






7. Muscle tissues of the heart






8. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






9. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






10. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






11. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






12. The region containing thin filaments only






13. Composed of thin and thick filaments






14. Refers to a bending of a joint






15. Chains of actin molecules






16. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






17. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






18. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






19. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






20. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






21. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






22. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






23. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






24. Involved in blood cell formation






25. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






26. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






27. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






28. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






29. Concentric circles of bony matrix






30. Region containing thick filaments only






31. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






32. Units of diveded myofibrils






33. Serve as bone to bone connectors






34. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






35. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






36. Indicates a straightening of a join






37. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






38. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






39. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






40. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






41. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






42. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






43. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






44. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






45. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






46. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






47. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






48. Move by beating cilia or flagella






49. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






50. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints