Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Muscle tissues of the heart






2. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






3. Refers to a bending of a joint






4. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules






5. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






6. The region containing thin filaments only






7. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






8. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






9. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






10. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






11. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






12. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






13. Composed of thin and thick filaments






14. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






15. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






16. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






17. State of partial contraction






18. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






19. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






20. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






21. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






22. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






23. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






24. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






25. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






26. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






27. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






28. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






29. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






30. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






31. Chains of actin molecules






32. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






33. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






34. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






35. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






36. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






37. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






38. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






39. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






40. Concentric circles of bony matrix






41. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






42. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






43. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






44. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






45. Serve as bone to bone connectors






46. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






47. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






48. Involved in blood cell formation






49. Region containing thick filaments only






50. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres