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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






2. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






3. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






4. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






5. Muscle tissues of the heart






6. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






7. Refers to a bending of a joint






8. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






9. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






10. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






11. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






12. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






13. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






14. Units of diveded myofibrils






15. Involved in blood cell formation






16. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






17. Concentric circles of bony matrix






18. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






19. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules






20. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






21. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






22. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






23. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






24. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






25. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






26. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






27. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






28. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






29. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






30. Serve as bone to bone connectors






31. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






32. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






33. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






34. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






35. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






36. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






37. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






38. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






39. Composed of thin and thick filaments






40. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






41. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






42. Chains of actin molecules






43. Move by beating cilia or flagella






44. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






45. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






46. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






47. Existing cartilage is replaced by bone






48. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






49. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






50. Indicates a straightening of a join