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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Region containing thick filaments only






2. Move by beating cilia or flagella






3. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






4. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






5. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






6. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






7. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






8. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






9. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






10. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






11. Muscle tissues of the heart






12. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






13. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






14. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






15. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






16. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






17. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






18. Serve as bone to bone connectors






19. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






20. The region containing thin filaments only






21. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






22. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






23. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






24. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






25. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






26. Concentric circles of bony matrix






27. Involved in blood cell formation






28. Refers to a bending of a joint






29. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






30. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






31. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






32. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






33. HGb-like protein found in muscle tissue -has a high oxygen affinity and maintains the oxygen supply in muscles by bind oxygen tightly






34. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






35. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






36. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






37. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






38. Specialized type of mineralized connective tissue that has the ability to withstand physical stress -designed for body support -hard and strong while - at the same time somewhat elastic and lightweight






39. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






40. Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (the proximal end in limb muscles)






41. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






42. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






43. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






44. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






45. Indicates a straightening of a join






46. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






47. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






48. Composed of thin and thick filaments






49. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






50. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue