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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






2. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






3. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






4. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






5. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






6. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






7. Modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium ions that envelop myofibrils






8. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






9. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






10. Region containing thick filaments only






11. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






12. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules






13. Refers to a bending of a joint






14. Serve as bone to bone connectors






15. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






16. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






17. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






18. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






19. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






20. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






21. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






22. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






23. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






24. Composed of thin and thick filaments






25. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






26. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






27. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






28. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






29. Concentric circles of bony matrix






30. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






31. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






32. Muscle tissues of the heart






33. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






34. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






35. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






36. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






37. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






38. Occurs whne a muscle shortens against a fixed load while the tension on that remains constant






39. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






40. Amoeba use for locomotion where the advancing cell membrane extends forward






41. Involved in blood cell formation






42. Units of diveded myofibrils






43. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






44. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






45. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






46. The region containing thin filaments only






47. Chains of actin molecules






48. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






49. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






50. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone







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