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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






2. Chains of actin molecules






3. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






4. Refers to a bending of a joint






5. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






6. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






7. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






8. Purpose is to convert lactic acid in the liver to glucose for discharge into the bloodstream during period of strenuous activity






9. Units of diveded myofibrils






10. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






11. Muscle tissues of the heart






12. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






13. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






14. Concentric circles of bony matrix






15. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






16. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






17. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






18. Region containing thick filaments only






19. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






20. Much less dense and consists of an interconnecting lattice of bony spicules






21. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






22. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






23. Striations of light and dark bands of skeletal muscle






24. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






25. Serve as bone to bone connectors






26. Composed of thin and thick filaments






27. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






28. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






29. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






30. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






31. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






32. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms






33. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






34. Type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone -retained in adults in places where firmness and flexibility are needed






35. Inactive and infiltrated by adipose tissue






36. The response of a single muscle fiber to a brief stimulus at or above the threshold stiulus - and consists of a latent period - a contraction period - and a relaxation period






37. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






38. Mesenchymal (embryonic or undifferentiated) connective tissue is transformed into - and replaced by - bone






39. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules






40. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






41. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






42. Move by beating cilia or flagella






43. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






44. Indicates a straightening of a join






45. State of partial contraction






46. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






47. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






48. The region containing thin filaments only






49. Advance principally by the action of muscles on a hydrostatic skeleton






50. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments