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PCAT Biology Muscles And Locomotion

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Able to provide rapid commands to the skeletal muscles and variious other organs






2. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fibers shorten and the tension on the muscle increases






3. Capable of propagating an action potential and is connected to a system of transverse tubules (T system) oriented perpendicularly to the myofibrils






4. Filaments embedded in fibers of muscles - which are divided into sarcomeres






5. Move by beating cilia or flagella






6. The cavities in between the spicules are filled with yellow or red bone marrow






7. Cells responsible for synthesizing cartillage






8. Skeletal muscle - smooth muscle - and cardia muscle






9. When fibers of a muscle are expoed to a very frequent stimuli - the muscle can't fully relax and the contractions begin to combine - becoming stronger and more prolonged






10. Concentric circles of bony matrix






11. Runs down the center of the sarcomere






12. Time between stimulation and the onset of contraction






13. Composed of thin and thick filaments






14. Units of diveded myofibrils






15. State of partial contraction






16. Achieve movement by means of the power stroke -a thrusting movement generated by the sliding action of microtubules






17. Responsible for voluntary movements and is innervated by the somatic nervous system






18. Type of dynamic contraction where the muscle fiber lengthens and the tension on the muscle increases






19. Refers to a bending of a joint






20. Large - multinucleated cells involved in bone resorption






21. Condition where the muscles contract and become rigid - even without action potentials which is caused b an absence of adenosiine triphosphate - which is required for the myosin heads to be released from the actin filaments






22. Chains of actin molecules






23. Stimulated by a message from the somatic nervous system sent via a motor neuron






24. The basic framework of the body - consisting of the skull - vertebral column - and the rib cage






25. Includes both concentric and eccentric types of contractions -results in the chang in length of the muscle with a corresponding change in tension on that muscle






26. Serve as bone to bone connectors






27. Dense bone that does not appear to have any cavities when observed with the naked -bony matrix is deposited in structural units called osteons






28. Occurs when both ends of the muscle are fixed and no change in length occurs during the contraction - but the tension increases






29. After the contraction period - this is a brief relaxation period in which the muscle is unresponsive to a stimulus






30. Point of attachment of a muscle to the bone that moves (distal end in limb muscles)






31. Provides channels for ion flow throughout the muscle fibers - and can also propagate an action potential






32. Link between the nerve terminal (synaptic bouton( and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber






33. Muscles contract against the resistance of the incompressible fluid within the animal's tissues (this fluid is termed the hydrostatic skeleton)






34. Responsible for involuntary actions and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system -found in the digetive tract - bladder - uterus - and blood vessel walls - among other places






35. The primary source of energy for muscle contraction






36. In vertebrates and some invertebrates - particularly echinoderms - energy can be temporarily stored in a high-energy compound






37. Occurs by either endochondral ossification or by intramembranous ossification






38. Synthesize and secrete the organic constituents of the bone matrix; once they have become surrounded by their matrix - they mature into osteocytes






39. Attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at the movable joints






40. Consists of a central microscopic channel called a Haversian Canal - surrounded by a number of lamellae






41. Region containing thick filaments only






42. Spans the entire length of the thick filaments and any overlapping portions of the thin filaments






43. A hard skeleton that covers all muscles and organs of some invertebrates -found principally in arthropods -composed of noncellular material secreted by the epidermis






44. Define the boundaries of a single sacromere and anchor the thin filaments






45. Indicates a straightening of a join






46. Centers that can issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at the unconscious - involuntary level






47. Composed of organized bundles of myosin molecules






48. Multinucleated cell created by the fusion of several mononucleated embryonic cell






49. Contraction that becomes continuous when the stimuli are so frequent that the muscle can't relax and is stronger than a simple twith of a single fiber






50. Serves as the framework within all vertebrate organisms