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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






2. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






3. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






4. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






5. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






6. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






7. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






8. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






9. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






10. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






11. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






12. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






13. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






14. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






15. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






16. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






17. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






18. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






19. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






20. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






21. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






22. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






23. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






24. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






25. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






26. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






27. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






28. Union of gametes






29. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






30. Menstrual flow






31. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






32. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






33. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






34. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






35. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






36. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






37. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






38. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






39. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






40. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






41. Have one cotyledon






42. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






43. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






44. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






45. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






46. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






47. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






48. Undergoes disjunction






49. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






50. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two