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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






2. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






3. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






4. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






5. Uncoiled DNA






6. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






7. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






8. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






9. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






10. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






11. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






12. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






13. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






14. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






15. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






16. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






17. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






18. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






19. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






20. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






21. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






22. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






23. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






24. Female gonads that produce oocytes






25. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






26. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






27. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






28. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






29. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






30. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






31. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






32. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






33. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






34. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






35. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






36. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






37. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






38. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






39. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






40. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






41. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






42. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






43. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






44. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






45. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






46. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






47. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






48. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






49. Have one cotyledon






50. Eggs