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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






2. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






3. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






4. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






5. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






6. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






7. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






8. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






9. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






10. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






11. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






12. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






13. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






14. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






15. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






16. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






17. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






18. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






19. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






20. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






21. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






22. Female gonads that produce oocytes






23. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






24. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






25. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






26. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






27. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






28. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






29. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






30. Eggs






31. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






32. Menstrual flow






33. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






34. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






35. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






36. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






37. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






38. Split to form several bulbs






39. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






40. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






41. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






42. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






43. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






44. Surrounded by two layers of cells






45. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






46. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






47. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






48. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






49. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






50. Cell division that follows karyokinesis