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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






2. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






3. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






4. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






5. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






6. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






7. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






8. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






9. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






10. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






11. Egg






12. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






13. Specialized sex cells






14. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






15. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






16. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






17. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






18. Split to form several bulbs






19. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






20. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






21. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






22. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






23. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






24. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






25. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






26. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






27. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






28. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






29. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






30. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






31. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






32. Have one cotyledon






33. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






34. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






35. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






36. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






37. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






38. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






39. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






40. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






41. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






42. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






43. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






44. Eggs






45. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






46. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






47. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






48. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






49. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






50. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear