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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






2. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






3. Menstrual flow






4. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






5. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






6. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






7. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






8. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






9. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






10. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






11. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






12. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






13. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






14. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






15. Specialized sex cells






16. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






17. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






18. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






19. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






20. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






21. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






22. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






23. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






24. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






25. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






26. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






27. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






28. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






29. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






30. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






31. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






32. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






33. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






34. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






35. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






36. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






37. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






38. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






39. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






40. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






41. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






42. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






43. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






44. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






45. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






46. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






47. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






48. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






49. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






50. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction