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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






2. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






3. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






4. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






5. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






6. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






7. Have both functional male and female gonads






8. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






9. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






10. Surrounded by two layers of cells






11. Egg






12. Female gonads that produce oocytes






13. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






14. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






15. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






16. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






17. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






18. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






19. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






20. Split to form several bulbs






21. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






22. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






23. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






24. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






25. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






26. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






27. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






28. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






29. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






30. A means of reproduction






31. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






32. Undergoes disjunction






33. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






34. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






35. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






36. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






37. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






38. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






39. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






40. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






41. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






42. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






43. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






44. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






45. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






46. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






47. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






48. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






49. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






50. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra