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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






2. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






3. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






4. Have one cotyledon






5. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






6. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






7. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






8. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






9. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






10. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






11. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






12. Have both functional male and female gonads






13. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






14. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






15. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






16. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






17. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






18. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






19. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






20. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






21. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






22. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






23. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






24. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






25. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






26. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






27. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






28. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






29. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






30. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






31. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






32. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






33. A means of reproduction






34. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






35. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






36. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






37. Egg






38. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






39. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






40. Specialized sex cells






41. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






42. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






43. Undergoes disjunction






44. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






45. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






46. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






47. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






48. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






49. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






50. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size