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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






2. Uncoiled DNA






3. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






4. Egg






5. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






6. Female gonads that produce oocytes






7. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






8. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






9. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






10. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






11. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






12. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






13. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






14. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






15. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






16. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






17. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






18. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






19. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






20. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






21. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






22. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






23. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






24. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






25. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






26. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






27. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






28. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






29. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






30. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






31. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






32. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






33. Part of embry that are seed leaves






34. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






35. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






36. Specialized sex cells






37. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






38. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






39. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






40. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






41. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






42. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






43. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






44. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






45. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






46. Surrounded by two layers of cells






47. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






48. Eggs






49. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






50. A means of reproduction