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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






2. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






3. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






4. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






5. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






6. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






7. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






8. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






9. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






10. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






11. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






12. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






13. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






14. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






15. Menstrual flow






16. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






17. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






18. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






19. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






20. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






21. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






22. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






23. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






24. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






25. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






26. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






27. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






28. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






29. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






30. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






31. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






32. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






33. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






34. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






35. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






36. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






37. Undergoes disjunction






38. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






39. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






40. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






41. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






42. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






43. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






44. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






45. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






46. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






47. Have one cotyledon






48. Egg






49. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






50. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -