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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






2. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






3. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






4. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






5. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






6. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






7. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






8. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






9. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






10. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






11. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






12. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






13. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






14. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






15. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






16. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






17. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






18. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






19. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






20. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






21. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






22. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






23. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






24. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






25. Split to form several bulbs






26. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






27. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






28. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






29. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






30. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






31. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






32. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






33. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






34. Specialized sex cells






35. A means of reproduction






36. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






37. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






38. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






39. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






40. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






41. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






42. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






43. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






44. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






45. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






46. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






47. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






48. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






49. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






50. Cell division that follows karyokinesis