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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






2. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






3. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






4. Have one cotyledon






5. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






6. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






7. Union of gametes






8. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






9. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






10. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






11. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






12. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






13. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






14. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






15. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






16. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






17. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






18. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






19. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






20. Have both functional male and female gonads






21. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






22. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






23. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






24. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






25. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






26. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






27. Female gonads that produce oocytes






28. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






29. Menstrual flow






30. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






31. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






32. Surrounded by two layers of cells






33. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






34. Undergoes disjunction






35. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






36. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






37. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






38. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






39. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






40. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






41. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






42. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






43. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






44. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






45. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






46. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






47. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






48. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






49. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






50. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains