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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






2. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






3. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






4. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






5. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






6. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






7. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






8. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






9. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






10. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






11. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






12. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






13. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






14. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






15. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






16. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






17. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






18. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






19. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






20. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






21. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






22. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






23. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






24. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






25. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






26. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






27. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






28. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






29. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






30. Have one cotyledon






31. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






32. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






33. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






34. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






35. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






36. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






37. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






38. Eggs






39. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






40. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






41. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






42. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






43. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






44. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






45. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






46. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






47. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






48. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






49. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






50. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems