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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






2. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






3. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






4. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






5. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






6. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






7. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






8. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






9. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






10. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






11. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






12. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






13. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






14. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






15. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






16. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






17. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






18. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






19. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






20. Menstrual flow






21. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






22. Egg






23. Split to form several bulbs






24. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






25. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






26. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






27. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






28. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






29. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






30. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






31. Undergoes disjunction






32. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






33. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






34. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






35. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






36. Female gonads that produce oocytes






37. Have one cotyledon






38. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






39. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






40. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






41. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






42. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






43. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






44. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






45. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






46. Specialized sex cells






47. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






48. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






49. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






50. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids