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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






2. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






3. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






4. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






5. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






6. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






7. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






8. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






9. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






10. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






11. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






12. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






13. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






14. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






15. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






16. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






17. Uncoiled DNA






18. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






19. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






20. Egg






21. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






22. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






23. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






24. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






25. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






26. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






27. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






28. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






29. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






30. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






31. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






32. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






33. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






34. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






35. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






36. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






37. Female gonads that produce oocytes






38. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






39. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






40. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






41. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






42. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






43. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






44. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






45. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






46. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






47. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






48. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






49. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






50. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes