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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Union of gametes






2. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






3. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






4. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






5. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






6. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






7. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






8. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






9. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






10. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






11. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






12. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






13. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






14. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






15. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






16. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






17. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






18. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






19. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






20. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






21. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






22. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






23. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






24. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






25. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






26. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






27. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






28. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






29. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






30. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






31. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






32. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






33. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






34. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






35. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






36. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






37. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






38. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






39. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






40. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






41. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






42. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






43. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






44. Female gonads that produce oocytes






45. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






46. Part of embry that are seed leaves






47. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






48. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






49. Specialized sex cells






50. Specialized organs where gametes are produced







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