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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






2. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






3. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






4. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






5. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






6. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






7. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






8. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






9. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






10. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






11. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






12. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






13. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






14. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






15. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






16. A means of reproduction






17. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






18. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






19. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






20. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






21. Female gonads that produce oocytes






22. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






23. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






24. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






25. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






26. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






27. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






28. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






29. Undergoes disjunction






30. Specialized sex cells






31. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






32. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






33. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






34. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






35. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






36. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






37. Part of embry that are seed leaves






38. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






39. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






40. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






41. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






42. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






43. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






44. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






45. Union of gametes






46. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






47. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






48. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






49. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






50. Split to form several bulbs