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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






2. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






3. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






4. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






5. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






6. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






7. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






8. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






9. Union of gametes






10. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






11. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






12. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






13. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






14. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






15. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






16. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






17. Surrounded by two layers of cells






18. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






19. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






20. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






21. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






22. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






23. A means of reproduction






24. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






25. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






26. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






27. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






28. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






29. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






30. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






31. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






32. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






33. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






34. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






35. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






36. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






37. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






38. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






39. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






40. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






41. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






42. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






43. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






44. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






45. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






46. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






47. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






48. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






49. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






50. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells