Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






2. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






3. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






4. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






5. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






6. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






7. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






8. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






9. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






10. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






11. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






12. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






13. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






14. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






15. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






16. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






17. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






18. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






19. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






20. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






21. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






22. Menstrual flow






23. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






24. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






25. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






26. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






27. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






28. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






29. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






30. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






31. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






32. Split to form several bulbs






33. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






34. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






35. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






36. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






37. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






38. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






39. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






40. Undergoes disjunction






41. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






42. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






43. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






44. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






45. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






46. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






47. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






48. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






49. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






50. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane