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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






2. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






3. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






4. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






5. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






6. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






7. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






8. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






9. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






10. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






11. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






12. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






13. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






14. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






15. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






16. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






17. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






18. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






19. A means of reproduction






20. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






21. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






22. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






23. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






24. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






25. Specialized sex cells






26. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






27. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






28. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






29. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






30. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






31. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






32. Part of embry that are seed leaves






33. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






34. Female gonads that produce oocytes






35. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






36. Split to form several bulbs






37. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






38. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






39. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






40. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






41. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






42. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






43. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






44. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






45. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






46. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






47. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






48. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






49. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






50. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number







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