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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Telophase I
Four Parts of Interphase
Spore Formation
Hermaphrodites
2. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Tetrad
Anaphase I
Meiosis
Centromere
3. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Male Urethra
External Fertilization
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Spores
4. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival
Scrotum
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Regeneration
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
5. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium
Gonads
Gametophyte Generation
Mature Ovum
Progesterone
6. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Corona Radiata
Meristem Cells
Chromatin
Urethra
7. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Menses
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Plant vs. Animal cells
8. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell
Menstruation
Metaphase I
Metaphase (Interphase)
Ferns
9. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water
External Fertilization
Spores
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Mature sperm
10. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Menstrual Cycle
Dicots
Apical Meristem
External Fertilization
11. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
epicotyl
Synapsis
Spore Formation
12. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Fission
Sporophyte
Angiosperms
Prophase I
13. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane
Ferns
Secondary Spermatocytes
Anaphase (Interphase)
Zona Pellucida
14. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Ferns
Spermatozoa
15. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes
Tetrad
Fertilization
Mosses
Mature Ovum
16. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Angiosperms
Fertilization
Stamen
Endosperm
17. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs
Sporophyte
Internal Fertilization
Immature ovum
Flower
18. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Vegetative Propagation
Oogenesis
Anther
Telophase (Interphase)
19. Egg
Ovulation
Ovum
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Male Urethra
20. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Uterus
Partenogenesis
Asexual Reproduction
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
21. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Cambium
Female Sex Hormones
Meiosis
22. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo
Mature Ovum
Spermatogonia
Tubers
Testes
23. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Follicular phase
Prophase I
Secondary Spermatocytes
Cotyledons
24. Part of embry that are seed leaves
Apical Meristem
Cotyledons
Centromere
Embryo
25. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Tetrad
Gonads
Hypocotyl
Karyokinesis
26. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Seed Coat
Disjunction
Cotyledons
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
27. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Fertilization/Conjugation
Oogenesis
Monocots
Fertilization membrane
28. Split to form several bulbs
Bulbs
Metaphase (Interphase)
Hypocotyl
Budding
29. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicular phase
Fertilization
Single Mature Egg
Meristem Cells
30. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually
Oogenesis
Menstruation
Plant vs. Animal cells
Gametophyte Generation
31. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids
First Meiotic Division
Primary Oocytes
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Regeneration
32. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
Corona Radiata
Prophase (Interphase)
Seed Coat
Anaphase (Interphase)
33. Union of gametes
Spores
Embryo
Fertilization/Conjugation
Female Sex Hormones
34. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Centromere
Anther
Estrogens
Partenogenesis
35. Have both functional male and female gonads
Corona Radiata
Tetrad
Synapsis
Hermaphrodites
36. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Male Urethra
Prophase I
Anaphase (Interphase)
37. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Female Sex Hormones
Uterus
Testes
Secondary Oocyte
38. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants
Testes
Mosses
Spermatozoa
Tubers
39. Menstrual flow
Dicots
epicotyl
Menses
Hypocotyl
40. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone
Primary Spermatocytes
Ovulation
Uterus
Testes
41. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body
Testosterone
Mature sperm
Male Urethra
epicotyl
42. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra
Cell Division
Sperm Travels...
Prophase (Interphase)
Flagellum
43. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Acrosomal Process
Corona Radiata
Second Meiotic Division
Primary Spermatocytes
44. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Meiosis
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Male Urethra
Follicle
45. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids
Oogenesis
Interphase (Meiosis)
Menstrual Cycle
Flagellum
46. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Single Mature Egg
Stamen
Ovaries
Male Urethra
47. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Hermaphrodites
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Ovaries
Tetrad
48. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Chromatin
Prophase (Interphase)
Bulbs
Filament
49. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Hypocotyl
Tubers
Fertilization
Spermatogonia
50. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Angiosperms
Acrosome
Cytokinesis
Disjunction