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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






2. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






3. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






4. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






5. Menstrual flow






6. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






7. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






8. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






9. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






10. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






11. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






12. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






13. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






14. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






15. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






16. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






17. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






18. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






19. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






20. Surrounded by two layers of cells






21. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






22. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






23. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






24. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






25. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






26. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






27. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






28. Specialized sex cells






29. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






30. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






31. Split to form several bulbs






32. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






33. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






34. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






35. Eggs






36. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






37. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






38. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






39. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






40. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






41. Egg






42. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






43. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






44. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






45. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






46. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






47. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






48. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






49. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






50. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus