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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail
Spermatozoa
Sporophyte Generation
Ovulation
Gametes
2. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Tetrad
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
oviduct
Male Urethra
3. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Ferns
Fertilization membrane
Centromere
4. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Cervix
Progesterone
Meiosis
5. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes
Secondary Spermatocytes
Secondary Oocyte
Crossing Over
Fertilization/Conjugation
6. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo
Anther
Fertilization membrane
Mature Ovum
Estrogens
7. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains
Regeneration
Anther
Cortical Reaction
Polar Body
8. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants
Gametophyte Generation
Female Sex Hormones
Filament
Tubers
9. Menstrual flow
Second Meiotic Division
Menses
Meiosis
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
10. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr
Menses
Interphase
Endosperm
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
11. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries
Four Parts of Interphase
Female Sex Hormones
External Fertilization
Cortical Reaction
12. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries
Mosses
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Sporophyte
Oogenesis
13. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Progesterone
Spermatogenesis
Prophase I
Angiosperms
14. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct
Immature ovum
Asexual Reproduction
Internal Fertilization
First Meiotic Division
15. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Menstrual Cycle
Spermatogonia
Cervix
Ovum
16. Have one cotyledon
Monocots
Cotyledons
Estrogens
Meiosis
17. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)
Fission
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Four Parts of Interphase
Chromatin
18. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Chromatin
Spore Formation
Luteal Phase
Testosterone
19. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum
Acrosome
Fertilization
Karyokinesis
Cotyledons
20. Egg
Stamen
Prophase I
Endosperm
Ovum
21. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Cortical Reaction
Second Meiotic Division
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Hypocotyl
22. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Disjunction
Vaginal Canal
Male Urethra
Ferns
23. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicular phase
Mature sperm
Meristem Cells
Filament
24. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Progesterone
Cell Division
Primary Spermatocytes
Fertilization membrane
25. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Ovum
Rhizomes
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
26. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane
Mosses
Zona Pellucida
Disjunction
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
27. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Cell Plate
Progesterone
Oogenesis
Meiosis
28. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles
Oogenesis
Spores
External Fertilization
Spermatogenesis
29. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides
Spore Formation
Hermaphrodites
Monocots
Embryo
30. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Spermatogenesis
Endosperm
Spores
Immature ovum
31. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Single Mature Egg
Spermatogenesis
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Stamen
32. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally
Gametes
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Metaphase (Interphase)
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
33. Uncoiled DNA
Chromatin
Polar Body
Internal Fertilization
Four Parts of Interphase
34. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Estrogens
Secondary Spermatocytes
Karyokinesis
35. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Bulbs
Head of Sperm
Synapsis
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
36. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Spermatozoa
Angiosperms
Disjunction
Spermatogonia
37. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Metaphase (Interphase)
First Meiotic Division
Stamen
Corona Radiata
38. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Ovaries
Bulbs
Telophase (Interphase)
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
39. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form
Stamen
Corona Radiata
Metaphase I
Ferns
40. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Crossing Over
Cell Plate
Ovaries
Natural Vegatative Propagation
41. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Telophase (Interphase)
Meristems
Gonads
Sporophyte Generation
42. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Spermatogenesis
Synapsis
Hermaphrodites
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
43. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Asexual Reproduction
Secondary Spermatocytes
Filament
Meristem Cells
44. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c
First Meiotic Division
Telophase (Interphase)
Crossing Over
Prophase I
45. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Bulbs
46. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Sporophyte
Uterus
Dicots
47. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Sporophyte Generation
Uterus
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Spore Formation
48. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation
Cell Division
Testosterone
Primary Spermatocytes
Spore Formation
49. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Sporophyte
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Head of Sperm
Cambium
50. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually
Gametophyte Generation
Gametes
epicotyl
Tubers