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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






2. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






3. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






4. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






5. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






6. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






7. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






8. Female gonads that produce oocytes






9. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






10. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






11. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






12. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






13. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






14. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






15. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






16. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






17. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






18. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






19. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






20. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






21. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






22. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






23. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






24. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






25. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






26. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






27. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






28. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






29. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






30. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






31. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






32. Eggs






33. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






34. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






35. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






36. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






37. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






38. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






39. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






40. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






41. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






42. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






43. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






44. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






45. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






46. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






47. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






48. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






49. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






50. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems