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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






2. Egg






3. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






4. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






5. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






6. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






7. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






8. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






9. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






10. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






11. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






12. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






13. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






14. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






15. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






16. Female gonads that produce oocytes






17. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






18. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






19. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






20. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






21. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






22. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






23. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






24. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






25. Uncoiled DNA






26. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






27. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






28. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






29. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






30. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






31. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






32. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






33. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






34. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






35. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






36. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






37. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






38. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






39. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






40. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






41. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






42. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






43. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






44. Menstrual flow






45. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






46. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






47. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






48. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






49. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






50. Cell division that follows karyokinesis







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