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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






2. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






3. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






4. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






5. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






6. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






7. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






8. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






9. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






10. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






11. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






12. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






13. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






14. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






15. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






16. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






17. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






18. Split to form several bulbs






19. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






20. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






21. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






22. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






23. Surrounded by two layers of cells






24. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






25. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






26. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






27. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






28. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






29. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






30. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






31. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






32. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






33. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






34. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






35. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






36. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






37. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






38. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






39. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






40. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






41. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






42. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






43. Have one cotyledon






44. Female gonads that produce oocytes






45. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






46. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






47. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






48. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






49. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






50. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation