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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






2. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






3. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






4. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






5. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






6. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






7. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






8. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






9. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






10. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






11. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






12. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






13. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






14. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






15. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






16. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






17. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






18. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






19. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






20. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






21. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






22. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






23. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






24. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






25. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






26. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






27. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






28. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






29. Have both functional male and female gonads






30. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






31. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






32. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






33. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






34. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






35. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






36. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






37. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






38. A means of reproduction






39. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






40. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






41. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






42. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






43. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






44. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






45. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






46. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






47. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






48. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






49. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






50. Nuclear division and followed by cell division