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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Asexual Reproduction
First Meiotic Division
Interphase (Meiosis)
2. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries
Female Sex Hormones
Mosses
Uterus
Four Parts of Interphase
3. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually
Gametophyte Generation
Cell Division
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Cotyledons
4. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Oogenesis
Estrogens
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
5. Eggs
Meristem Cells
Primary Spermatocytes
Oocytes
Ovum
6. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome
Menstrual Cycle
Fertilization membrane
Budding
Mitosis
7. Menstrual flow
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Menses
Ovaries
Ovum
8. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus
External Fertilization
Secondary Oocyte
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
oviduct
9. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Female Sex Hormones
Interphase (Meiosis)
Endosperm
10. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell
Karyokinesis
Metaphase (Interphase)
Meristems
Filament
11. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation
Cytokinesis
Endosperm
Meiosis
Menstrual Cycle
12. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Ferns
Runners
Cell Plate
Acrosomal Process
13. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Endosperm
Oogenesis
Follicular phase
Estrogens
14. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Anther
Spermatogenesis
Cortical Reaction
Spermatids
15. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Flagellum
Menstruation
Tetrad
Cambium
16. Split to form several bulbs
Fertilization
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Bulbs
Cervix
17. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Oogenesis
Karyokinesis
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Secondary Oocyte
18. Specialized sex cells
Gametes
Tubers
Male Urethra
Meristems
19. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
Ovaries
Metaphase (Interphase)
Anaphase (Interphase)
Acrosome
20. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems
Spermatids
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Runners
Progesterone
21. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen
Chromatin
Bulbs
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Follicle
22. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Cervix
Embryo
Male Urethra
Anaphase (Interphase)
23. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Centromere
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Meiosis
Meristems
24. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Follicle
Second Meiotic Division
Seed Coat
25. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere
Bulbs
Telophase I
Fertilization
Hypocotyl
26. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels
Flower
Corpus Luteum
Ovulation
Tetrad
27. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Fertilization membrane
Oogenesis
Vegetative Propagation
Mitosis
28. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Luteal Phase
Interphase
Sperm Travels...
29. Have both functional male and female gonads
Meiosis
Fission
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Hermaphrodites
30. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
First Meiotic Division
Corona Radiata
Flower
Follicular phase
31. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta
Testes
epicotyl
Spermatozoa
Fission
32. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Primary Oocytes
Synapsis
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Ferns
33. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Menstruation
Meiosis
Head of Sperm
Mature Ovum
34. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Primary Spermatocytes
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Uterus
Menstruation
35. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicular phase
First Meiotic Division
Metaphase (Interphase)
Corona Radiata
36. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Budding
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Plant vs. Animal cells
Ovaries
37. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes
Interphase
Fertilization/Conjugation
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
38. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Partenogenesis
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Corpus Luteum
Fertilization
39. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm
Sporophyte Generation
Cortical Reaction
Spermatozoa
Cotyledons
40. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Acrosome
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Mature sperm
Bulbs
41. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries
Sperm Travels...
Ferns
Spermatogenesis
Single Mature Egg
42. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip
Sporophyte Generation
Testes
Endosperm
Urethra
43. A means of reproduction
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Secondary Oocyte
Meristem Cells
Sporophyte Generation
44. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Interphase
Cambium
Meristems
Acrosome
45. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Cytokinesis
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Primary Spermatocytes
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
46. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Male Urethra
Menses
47. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Asexual Reproduction
Cell Division
Sporophyte
48. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Immature ovum
Corona Radiata
Female Sex Hormones
Telophase (Interphase)
49. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr
Interphase
Spermatids
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Gametes
50. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Cytokinesis
Prophase I
External Fertilization
First Meiotic Division