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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Part of embry that are seed leaves
Vegetative Propagation
Cotyledons
Rhizomes
Fission
2. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip
Stamen
Zona Pellucida
Hypocotyl
Urethra
3. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Flagellum
Vaginal Canal
Fertilization/Conjugation
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
4. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes
Regeneration
Secondary Spermatocytes
Flagellum
Corpus Luteum
5. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Hermaphrodites
Testes
Disjunction
Interphase
6. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere
Ovulation
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Telophase I
Meristems
7. Egg
Ovaries
Corpus Luteum
Ovum
Vegetative Propagation
8. A means of reproduction
External Fertilization
Stamen
Corona Radiata
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
9. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Vaginal Canal
Bulbs
Menstruation
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
10. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Tubers
Telophase I
Fertilization
Flower
11. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Fission
External Fertilization
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Anther
12. Eggs
Sporophyte Generation
Spermatogonia
Oocytes
Karyokinesis
13. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Monocots
Primary Spermatocytes
Spores
Flagellum
14. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Meristems
Cell Plate
Secondary Spermatocytes
Female Sex Hormones
15. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Embryo
Follicular phase
Oocytes
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
16. Cell division that follows karyokinesis
Fertilization
Vaginal Canal
Cytokinesis
Prophase I
17. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Second Meiotic Division
Vegetative Propagation
Oogenesis
Ovaries
18. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Ovaries
Cytokinesis
Bulbs
Sexual Reproduction Requires
19. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Spores
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Spermatogonia
Sporophyte
20. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail
Flower
Meristems
Male Urethra
Spermatozoa
21. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Oogenesis
Sporophyte Generation
Synapsis
22. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Corona Radiata
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Spermatogenesis
Oocytes
23. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen
Fission
Follicle
Sporophyte Generation
Single Mature Egg
24. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Spermatogenesis
Embryo
Centromere
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
25. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Polar Body
Prophase I
Fertilization/Conjugation
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
26. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water
External Fertilization
Ferns
Spores
Chromatin
27. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles
Ovaries
Secondary Oocyte
Spermatogenesis
Plant vs. Animal cells
28. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels
Prophase I
Ovulation
Menstrual Cycle
Rhizomes
29. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Rhizomes
Prophase (Interphase)
Embryo
30. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides
Cortical Reaction
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Embryo
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
31. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct
Immature ovum
Endosperm
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Luteal Phase
32. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes
Menses
Stamen
Testosterone
Secondary Oocyte
33. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Ovaries
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
34. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Internal Fertilization
Primary Oocytes
Spore Formation
35. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Fertilization membrane
Cotyledons
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
epicotyl
36. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Budding
Acrosome
37. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
oviduct
Oogenesis
Crossing Over
38. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Fertilization
Hermaphrodites
Meristem Cells
39. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Cambium
epicotyl
Hypocotyl
Monocots
40. Union of gametes
Endosperm
Acrosomal Process
Telophase (Interphase)
Fertilization/Conjugation
41. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Male Urethra
Single Mature Egg
Cell Plate
First Meiotic Division
42. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Telophase (Interphase)
Progesterone
Primary Spermatocytes
Primary Oocytes
43. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
Dicots
Cell Division
Plant vs. Animal cells
Stamen
44. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Meristem Cells
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
45. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
External Fertilization
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Acrosomal Process
Ovaries
46. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Regeneration
Estrogens
Cervix
Cambium
47. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Follicular phase
Head of Sperm
Ovaries
48. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Crossing Over
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Centromere
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
49. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Sporophyte
Oogenesis
Meristem Cells
Vegetative Propagation
50. Specialized sex cells
Asexual Reproduction
Menstrual Cycle
Gametes
Cotyledons