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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






2. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






3. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






4. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






5. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






6. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






7. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






8. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






9. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






10. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






11. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






12. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






13. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






14. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






15. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






16. Have one cotyledon






17. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






18. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






19. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






20. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






21. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






22. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






23. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






24. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






25. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






26. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






27. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






28. Female gonads that produce oocytes






29. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






30. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






31. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






32. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






33. Eggs






34. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






35. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






36. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






37. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






38. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






39. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






40. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






41. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






42. Specialized sex cells






43. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






44. Part of embry that are seed leaves






45. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






46. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






47. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






48. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






49. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






50. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules