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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






2. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






3. Egg






4. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






5. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






6. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






7. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






8. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






9. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






10. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






11. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






12. Split to form several bulbs






13. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






14. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






15. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






16. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






17. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






18. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






19. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






20. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






21. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






22. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






23. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






24. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






25. Have both functional male and female gonads






26. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






27. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






28. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






29. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






30. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






31. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






32. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






33. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






34. Specialized sex cells






35. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






36. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






37. Uncoiled DNA






38. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






39. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






40. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






41. Union of gametes






42. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






43. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






44. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






45. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






46. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






47. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






48. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






49. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






50. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase