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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






2. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






3. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






4. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






5. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






6. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






7. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






8. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






9. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






10. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






11. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






12. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






13. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






14. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






15. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






16. Split to form several bulbs






17. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






18. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






19. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






20. Have both functional male and female gonads






21. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






22. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






23. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






24. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






25. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






26. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






27. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






28. Have one cotyledon






29. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






30. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






31. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






32. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






33. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






34. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






35. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






36. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






37. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






38. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






39. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






40. Part of embry that are seed leaves






41. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






42. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






43. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






44. Eggs






45. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






46. Undergoes disjunction






47. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






48. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






49. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






50. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule