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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






2. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






3. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






4. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






5. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






6. Specialized sex cells






7. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






8. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






9. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






10. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






11. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






12. Have both functional male and female gonads






13. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






14. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






15. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






16. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






17. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






18. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






19. Have one cotyledon






20. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






21. Split to form several bulbs






22. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






23. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






24. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






25. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






26. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






27. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






28. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






29. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






30. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






31. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






32. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






33. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






34. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






35. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






36. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






37. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






38. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






39. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






40. Eggs






41. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






42. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






43. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






44. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






45. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






46. Surrounded by two layers of cells






47. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






48. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






49. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






50. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation