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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






2. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






3. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






4. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






5. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






6. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






7. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






8. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






9. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






10. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






11. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






12. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






13. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






14. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






15. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






16. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






17. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






18. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






19. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






20. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






21. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






22. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






23. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






24. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






25. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






26. Eggs






27. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






28. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






29. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






30. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






31. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






32. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






33. Undergoes disjunction






34. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






35. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






36. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






37. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






38. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






39. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






40. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






41. Have one cotyledon






42. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






43. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






44. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






45. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






46. Female gonads that produce oocytes






47. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






48. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






49. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






50. Cell division that follows karyokinesis