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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






2. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






3. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






4. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






5. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






6. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






7. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






8. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






9. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






10. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






11. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






12. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






13. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






14. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






15. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






16. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






17. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






18. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






19. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






20. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






21. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






22. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






23. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






24. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






25. A means of reproduction






26. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






27. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






28. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






29. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






30. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






31. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






32. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






33. Surrounded by two layers of cells






34. Specialized sex cells






35. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






36. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






37. Have both functional male and female gonads






38. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






39. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






40. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






41. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






42. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






43. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






44. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






45. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






46. Menstrual flow






47. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






48. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






49. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






50. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament