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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Menstrual Cycle
Tetrad
Hypocotyl
2. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Spores
Head of Sperm
Oocytes
Male Urethra
3. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation
Spore Formation
Fertilization
Cervix
Oogenesis
4. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Ovum
Luteal Phase
Fertilization membrane
Primary Spermatocytes
5. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles
Oogenesis
Polar Body
Ovaries
Female Sex Hormones
6. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Tubers
Disjunction
Ovulation
7. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
Scrotum
Meristem Cells
Prophase (Interphase)
Acrosomal Process
8. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Fertilization
Spermatogenesis
Cotyledons
Telophase (Interphase)
9. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Secondary Spermatocytes
Metaphase (Interphase)
Uterus
Testes
10. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Cervix
Cortical Reaction
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
11. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Second Meiotic Division
Luteal Phase
Cell Division
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
12. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
External Fertilization
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Secondary Spermatocytes
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
13. Uncoiled DNA
Chromatin
Ovaries
Corona Radiata
Meristems
14. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus
Cell Plate
Gametophyte Generation
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
oviduct
15. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Vaginal Canal
Meristems
Spermatogenesis
Telophase I
16. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels
Ovulation
Flower
Rhizomes
Filament
17. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
epicotyl
Spores
Oogenesis
Cambium
18. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Acrosomal Process
Spermatogonia
Ovaries
Testosterone
19. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Prophase I
Partenogenesis
Mature sperm
Scrotum
20. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs
Anaphase I
Mature Ovum
Anther
Apical Meristem
21. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Telophase I
Cortical Reaction
22. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
Regeneration
Cell Plate
Anaphase (Interphase)
Spermatids
23. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Corona Radiata
Stamen
Fission
Fertilization
24. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip
Stamen
Primary Spermatocytes
Urethra
Female Sex Hormones
25. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell
Meiosis
Disjunction
Secondary Oocyte
Metaphase (Interphase)
26. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Endosperm
Gametes
Cervix
Mitosis
27. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils
Zona Pellucida
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Spermatozoa
28. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Cervix
Telophase (Interphase)
Sporophyte Generation
Follicular phase
29. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Follicular phase
Dicots
Seed Coat
Endosperm
30. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Karyokinesis
Fertilization membrane
Estrogens
Metaphase I
31. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Centromere
Polar Body
Anaphase (Interphase)
Meristems
32. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane
Gonads
Zona Pellucida
Metaphase I
Anaphase (Interphase)
33. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes
Cell Plate
Secondary Spermatocytes
Spores
Fertilization
34. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Filament
Hermaphrodites
Cell Plate
Follicular phase
35. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems
Runners
Secondary Oocyte
Vaginal Canal
Gametes
36. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Scrotum
Menstrual Cycle
External Fertilization
Uterus
37. Undergoes disjunction
First Meiotic Division
Anaphase I
Cortical Reaction
Tetrad
38. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Estrogens
Tetrad
Testes
Prophase I
39. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium
Progesterone
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Anther
Spermatids
40. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes
Testosterone
Ovaries
Plant vs. Animal cells
Scrotum
41. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
Menses
Fertilization
Single Mature Egg
Plant vs. Animal cells
42. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen
Internal Fertilization
Follicle
Flower
Vaginal Canal
43. Menstrual flow
Secondary Spermatocytes
Menstruation
Menses
Oocyte Cell Membrane
44. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Meristems
Zona Pellucida
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Meiosis
45. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Anaphase I
Partenogenesis
Hermaphrodites
Cytokinesis
46. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually
Spermatogenesis
Cervix
Gametophyte Generation
Testes
47. Eggs
Oocytes
Monocots
Cortical Reaction
Internal Fertilization
48. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr
Spermatogonia
Prophase I
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Interphase
49. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell
Budding
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Testes
Cambium
50. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Anaphase I
Flower
Oocytes
Mature Ovum