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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






2. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






3. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






4. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






5. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






6. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






7. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






8. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






9. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






10. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






11. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






12. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






13. Uncoiled DNA






14. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






15. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






16. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






17. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






18. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






19. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






20. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






21. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






22. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






23. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






24. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






25. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






26. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






27. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






28. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






29. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






30. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






31. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






32. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






33. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






34. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






35. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






36. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






37. Undergoes disjunction






38. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






39. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






40. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






41. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






42. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






43. Menstrual flow






44. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






45. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






46. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






47. Eggs






48. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






49. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






50. Reproductive structure of angiosperms