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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






2. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






3. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






4. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






5. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






6. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






7. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






8. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






9. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






10. Have one cotyledon






11. Eggs






12. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






13. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






14. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






15. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






16. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






17. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






18. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






19. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






20. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






21. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






22. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






23. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






24. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






25. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






26. Split to form several bulbs






27. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






28. Part of embry that are seed leaves






29. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






30. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






31. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






32. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






33. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






34. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






35. A means of reproduction






36. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






37. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






38. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






39. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






40. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






41. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






42. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






43. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






44. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






45. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






46. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






47. Egg






48. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






49. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






50. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body