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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






2. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






3. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






4. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






5. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






6. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






7. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






8. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






9. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






10. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






11. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






12. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






13. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






14. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






15. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






16. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






17. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






18. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






19. Egg






20. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






21. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






22. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






23. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






24. Part of embry that are seed leaves






25. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






26. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






27. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






28. Split to form several bulbs






29. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






30. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






31. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






32. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






33. Union of gametes






34. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






35. Have both functional male and female gonads






36. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






37. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






38. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






39. Menstrual flow






40. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






41. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






42. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






43. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






44. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






45. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






46. Female gonads that produce oocytes






47. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






48. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






49. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






50. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum