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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






2. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






3. Have both functional male and female gonads






4. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






5. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






6. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






7. Part of embry that are seed leaves






8. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






9. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






10. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






11. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






12. Union of gametes






13. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






14. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






15. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






16. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






17. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






18. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






19. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






20. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






21. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






22. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






23. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






24. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






25. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






26. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






27. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






28. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






29. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






30. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






31. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






32. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






33. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






34. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






35. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






36. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






37. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






38. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






39. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






40. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






41. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






42. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






43. Split to form several bulbs






44. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






45. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






46. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






47. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






48. Specialized sex cells






49. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






50. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size