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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Runners
Flower
Corona Radiata
Stamen
2. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Prophase I
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Asexual Reproduction
Meiosis
3. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Menses
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
First Meiotic Division
Male Urethra
4. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two
Cell Division
Interphase (Meiosis)
Centromere
Menstrual Cycle
5. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct
Spermatogenesis
Meiosis
Immature ovum
Primary Spermatocytes
6. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part
Spermatogenesis
Regeneration
Stamen
oviduct
7. Surrounded by two layers of cells
Fission
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Acrosome
Mitosis
8. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival
Scrotum
Ovulation
Disjunction
Gametes
9. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles
Synapsis
Vegetative Propagation
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Oogenesis
10. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Cell Plate
Fission
Menstruation
Corona Radiata
11. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Crossing Over
Testes
Cervix
12. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Vaginal Canal
Spermatogenesis
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Cambium
13. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Uterus
Hypocotyl
Luteal Phase
14. Split to form several bulbs
Four Parts of Interphase
Bulbs
Apical Meristem
Menstrual Cycle
15. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c
Luteal Phase
Crossing Over
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Prophase I
16. Uncoiled DNA
Plant vs. Animal cells
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Meristem Cells
Chromatin
17. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell
Spermatids
First Meiotic Division
Budding
Fertilization membrane
18. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Runners
Anaphase (Interphase)
First Meiotic Division
19. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Secondary Oocyte
Synapsis
Follicular phase
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
20. A means of reproduction
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Sporophyte
Spermatogenesis
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
21. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Rhizomes
Corona Radiata
Luteal Phase
Cell Plate
22. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Spermatogonia
Gametes
Apical Meristem
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
23. Have one cotyledon
Tubers
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Monocots
24. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Spermatids
Ovaries
Tetrad
Sporophyte
25. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm
Fertilization
Dicots
Vaginal Canal
Urethra
26. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules
Spermatozoa
Chromatin
Testes
Acrosomal Process
27. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta
Ovaries
Gonads
Fission
Meristem Cells
28. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Corona Radiata
Scrotum
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
29. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Female Sex Hormones
Prophase (Interphase)
Asexual Reproduction
30. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually
Prophase (Interphase)
Menstruation
Oogenesis
Gametophyte Generation
31. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth
Primary Oocytes
Cervix
epicotyl
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
32. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Meiosis
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Karyokinesis
Oocytes
33. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Filament
Sperm Travels...
Tetrad
Oocytes
34. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants
Primary Spermatocytes
Tubers
Interphase (Meiosis)
Acrosomal Process
35. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Acrosomal Process
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Follicular phase
Spermatogenesis
36. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Apical Meristem
Corpus Luteum
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Head of Sperm
37. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes
Mature sperm
Bulbs
Mosses
Secondary Spermatocytes
38. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Corona Radiata
External Fertilization
Mosses
Fission
39. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Cervix
Dicots
Acrosome
Seed Coat
40. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Disjunction
Cortical Reaction
Hermaphrodites
41. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip
Urethra
Disjunction
Estrogens
Primary Spermatocytes
42. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Flower
Gametes
Crossing Over
Spermatogenesis
43. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Vegetative Propagation
Secondary Oocyte
Second Meiotic Division
Tubers
44. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Centromere
Dicots
Scrotum
45. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)
Partenogenesis
Corpus Luteum
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
46. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
External Fertilization
oviduct
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Cortical Reaction
47. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Spermatogenesis
Bulbs
Ovaries
Gonads
48. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail
Ovaries
Telophase I
Spermatozoa
Scrotum
49. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Spore Formation
Spores
Cell Plate
50. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Immature ovum
Internal Fertilization
Regeneration