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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






2. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






3. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






4. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






5. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






6. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






7. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






8. Specialized sex cells






9. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






10. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






11. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






12. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






13. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






14. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






15. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






16. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






17. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






18. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






19. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






20. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






21. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






22. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






23. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






24. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






25. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






26. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






27. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






28. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






29. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






30. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






31. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






32. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






33. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






34. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






35. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






36. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






37. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






38. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






39. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






40. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






41. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






42. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






43. Union of gametes






44. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






45. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






46. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






47. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






48. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






49. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






50. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually