Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






2. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






3. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






4. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






5. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






6. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






7. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






8. Union of gametes






9. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






10. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






11. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






12. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






13. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






14. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






15. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






16. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






17. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






18. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






19. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






20. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






21. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






22. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






23. Uncoiled DNA






24. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






25. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






26. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






27. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






28. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






29. A means of reproduction






30. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






31. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






32. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






33. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






34. Surrounded by two layers of cells






35. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






36. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






37. Female gonads that produce oocytes






38. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






39. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






40. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






41. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






42. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






43. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






44. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






45. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






46. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






47. Menstrual flow






48. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






49. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






50. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells