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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually
Gametophyte Generation
Cell Plate
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Meiosis
2. Uncoiled DNA
Cell Division
Chromatin
Prophase I
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
3. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Monocots
Secondary Oocyte
Cervix
Flagellum
4. Egg
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Ovaries
Anaphase I
Ovum
5. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Estrogens
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Fertilization
Mosses
6. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Ovaries
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Secondary Oocyte
Cotyledons
7. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Follicular phase
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Spermatogenesis
8. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes
Interphase
Secondary Spermatocytes
Apical Meristem
Anaphase I
9. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Spermatozoa
Primary Spermatocytes
Cervix
Hypocotyl
10. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Synapsis
Second Meiotic Division
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Mitosis
11. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
External Fertilization
Acrosomal Process
Spore Formation
Disjunction
12. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival
Flower
Scrotum
Vegetative Propagation
Fertilization membrane
13. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves
epicotyl
Corona Radiata
Internal Fertilization
Oocytes
14. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Vaginal Canal
Cytokinesis
Cambium
Acrosomal Process
15. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Scrotum
Disjunction
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
16. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Interphase (Meiosis)
Karyokinesis
Sporophyte Generation
Gonads
17. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Secondary Oocyte
Gonads
Dicots
Interphase
18. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate
Menstrual Cycle
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Angiosperms
Polar Body
19. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Meiosis
Spermatogonia
20. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Head of Sperm
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Meiosis
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
21. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Acrosome
Meristem Cells
Stamen
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
22. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two
Cell Division
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Ovaries
Acrosomal Process
23. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Menstruation
Mature Ovum
Oocytes
Oocyte Cell Membrane
24. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Filament
Runners
First Meiotic Division
25. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore
Vegetative Propagation
Metaphase I
Ovaries
Testes
26. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Mitosis
Luteal Phase
Primary Spermatocytes
Asexual Reproduction
27. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo
Cortical Reaction
Mature Ovum
Secondary Oocyte
Chromatin
28. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Anaphase (Interphase)
Follicular phase
Chromatin
Vaginal Canal
29. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids
Ferns
Mature sperm
Metaphase (Interphase)
Interphase (Meiosis)
30. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
Plant vs. Animal cells
Meristem Cells
Fertilization
Metaphase (Interphase)
31. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm
Sperm Travels...
Cotyledons
Cortical Reaction
Cambium
32. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen
Spores
Follicle
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Oocyte Cell Membrane
33. Part of embry that are seed leaves
Plant vs. Animal cells
Cotyledons
Vegetative Propagation
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
34. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Acrosome
Menstruation
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Tetrad
35. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell
Immature ovum
Budding
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
36. Specialized sex cells
Testes
Spores
Gametes
Follicle
37. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Sporophyte Generation
Mosses
Spore Formation
Embryo
38. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Meristem Cells
Cell Plate
Bulbs
Rhizomes
39. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Testosterone
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Meristems
Tubers
40. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)
Flower
Spore Formation
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Crossing Over
41. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Cytokinesis
Sporophyte
Cell Plate
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
42. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Fission
Head of Sperm
Karyokinesis
43. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Secondary Spermatocytes
Testes
Head of Sperm
44. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament
Testes
Testosterone
Spermatozoa
Stamen
45. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Angiosperms
Karyokinesis
Oogenesis
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
46. Surrounded by two layers of cells
Testes
Sporophyte Generation
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Stamen
47. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body
Follicular phase
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Anaphase I
Mature sperm
48. Eggs
Progesterone
Oocytes
Spores
Estrogens
49. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Karyokinesis
Spores
Testes
Spermatogenesis
50. A means of reproduction
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Sexual Reproduction Requires