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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicle
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Follicular phase
Budding
2. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)
Sporophyte Generation
Flagellum
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
3. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm
Dicots
Plant vs. Animal cells
Prophase (Interphase)
Cytokinesis
4. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Gametes
Sporophyte
Cytokinesis
Interphase
5. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Cell Plate
Crossing Over
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
6. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Anaphase I
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Karyokinesis
Seed Coat
7. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation
Spore Formation
epicotyl
Spores
Menses
8. Union of gametes
Fertilization/Conjugation
Gonads
First Meiotic Division
Progesterone
9. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Menstruation
Synapsis
External Fertilization
Corpus Luteum
10. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm
Cortical Reaction
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Telophase (Interphase)
Oogenesis
11. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Internal Fertilization
Spermatogonia
Centromere
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
12. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Luteal Phase
Oogenesis
Telophase (Interphase)
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
13. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore
Uterus
Metaphase I
Interphase (Meiosis)
Corona Radiata
14. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Gametophyte Generation
Anaphase (Interphase)
Spermatogenesis
Menstrual Cycle
15. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Menstruation
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Meiosis
16. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Uterus
Cell Division
Flagellum
Gametophyte Generation
17. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth
Vaginal Canal
Meristems
Fission
Hermaphrodites
18. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Female Sex Hormones
Acrosome
First Meiotic Division
Asexual Reproduction
19. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Spermatogenesis
Estrogens
Karyokinesis
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
20. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves
Estrogens
Fertilization membrane
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
epicotyl
21. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Urethra
Angiosperms
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Prophase I
22. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Synapsis
Spore Formation
Dicots
Vaginal Canal
23. Uncoiled DNA
Acrosomal Process
Chromatin
Metaphase I
Fertilization membrane
24. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries
Female Sex Hormones
Bulbs
Flower
Anther
25. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Spores
Tetrad
Menstrual Cycle
Hypocotyl
26. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta
Fission
Testes
Fertilization
Single Mature Egg
27. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Zona Pellucida
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Corona Radiata
Testosterone
28. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Spermatogenesis
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Spermatozoa
Meristem Cells
29. A means of reproduction
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Sperm Travels...
Flagellum
Cambium
30. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Uterus
Meiosis
Sporophyte Generation
Embryo
31. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate
Polar Body
Oocytes
Spermatids
Flagellum
32. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo
Spermatozoa
Sperm Travels...
Mature Ovum
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
33. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation
Menstrual Cycle
Interphase
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Oogenesis
34. Surrounded by two layers of cells
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Telophase I
Menstrual Cycle
Synapsis
35. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries
Prophase (Interphase)
oviduct
Oogenesis
Spermatogenesis
36. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Cotyledons
Progesterone
Luteal Phase
37. Female gonads that produce oocytes
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Vaginal Canal
Ovaries
Cotyledons
38. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Karyokinesis
Corpus Luteum
Polar Body
Natural Vegatative Propagation
39. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction
External Fertilization
Meristem Cells
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Ferns
40. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Interphase
Flagellum
Cervix
Scrotum
41. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Ferns
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Spermatids
Sexual Reproduction Requires
42. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Mosses
Telophase (Interphase)
Sexual Reproduction Requires
43. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell
Metaphase (Interphase)
Karyokinesis
Runners
Sperm Travels...
44. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Secondary Spermatocytes
Disjunction
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
45. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Spermatogonia
Fertilization
Vegetative Propagation
Crossing Over
46. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Fertilization membrane
External Fertilization
Apical Meristem
Spermatogonia
47. Menstrual flow
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Anaphase I
Spermatogonia
Menses
48. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Disjunction
Primary Spermatocytes
Ferns
Runners
49. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Follicular phase
Ferns
Male Urethra
Urethra
50. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Anaphase (Interphase)
Asexual Reproduction
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Corona Radiata