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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A means of reproduction






2. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






3. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






4. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






5. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






6. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






7. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






8. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






9. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






10. Have one cotyledon






11. Part of embry that are seed leaves






12. Eggs






13. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






14. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






15. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






16. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






17. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






18. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






19. Egg






20. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






21. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






22. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






23. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






24. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






25. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






26. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






27. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






28. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






29. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






30. Uncoiled DNA






31. Have both functional male and female gonads






32. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






33. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






34. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






35. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






36. Split to form several bulbs






37. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






38. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






39. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






40. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






41. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






42. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






43. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






44. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






45. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






46. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






47. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






48. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






49. Union of gametes






50. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation