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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






2. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






3. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






4. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






5. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






6. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






7. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






8. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






9. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






10. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






11. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






12. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






13. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






14. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






15. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






16. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






17. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






18. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






19. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






20. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






21. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






22. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






23. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






24. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






25. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






26. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






27. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






28. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






29. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






30. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






31. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






32. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






33. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






34. Split to form several bulbs






35. Eggs






36. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






37. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






38. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






39. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






40. Menstrual flow






41. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






42. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






43. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






44. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






45. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






46. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






47. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






48. Surrounded by two layers of cells






49. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






50. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen