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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






2. Split to form several bulbs






3. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






4. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






5. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






6. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






7. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






8. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






9. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






10. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






11. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






12. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






13. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






14. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






15. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






16. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






17. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






18. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






19. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






20. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






21. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






22. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






23. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






24. Surrounded by two layers of cells






25. Have both functional male and female gonads






26. Have one cotyledon






27. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






28. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






29. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






30. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






31. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






32. Egg






33. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






34. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






35. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






36. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






37. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






38. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






39. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






40. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






41. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






42. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






43. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






44. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






45. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






46. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






47. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






48. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






49. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






50. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane