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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






2. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






3. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






4. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






5. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






6. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






7. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






8. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






9. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






10. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






11. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






12. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






13. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






14. Egg






15. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






16. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






17. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






18. Menstrual flow






19. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






20. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






21. Split to form several bulbs






22. Specialized sex cells






23. Part of embry that are seed leaves






24. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






25. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






26. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






27. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






28. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






29. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






30. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






31. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






32. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






33. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






34. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






35. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






36. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






37. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






38. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






39. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






40. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






41. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






42. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






43. Have one cotyledon






44. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






45. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






46. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






47. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






48. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






49. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






50. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids