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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






2. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






3. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






4. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






5. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






6. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






7. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






8. Undergoes disjunction






9. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






10. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






11. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






12. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






13. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






14. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






15. Part of embry that are seed leaves






16. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






17. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






18. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






19. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






20. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






21. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






22. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






23. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






24. Specialized sex cells






25. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






26. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






27. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






28. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






29. Female gonads that produce oocytes






30. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






31. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






32. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






33. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






34. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






35. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






36. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






37. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






38. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






39. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






40. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






41. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






42. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






43. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






44. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






45. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






46. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






47. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






48. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






49. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






50. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr