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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






2. Undergoes disjunction






3. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






4. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






5. Female gonads that produce oocytes






6. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






7. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






8. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






9. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






10. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






11. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






12. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






13. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






14. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






15. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






16. Have both functional male and female gonads






17. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






18. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






19. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






20. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






21. Have one cotyledon






22. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






23. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






24. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






25. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






26. Specialized sex cells






27. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






28. Union of gametes






29. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






30. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






31. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






32. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






33. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






34. A means of reproduction






35. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






36. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






37. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






38. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






39. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






40. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






41. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






42. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






43. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






44. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






45. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






46. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






47. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






48. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






49. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






50. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels