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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






2. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






3. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






4. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






5. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






6. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






7. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






8. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






9. Eggs






10. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






11. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






12. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






13. Union of gametes






14. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






15. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






16. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






17. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






18. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






19. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






20. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






21. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






22. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






23. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






24. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






25. Have one cotyledon






26. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






27. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






28. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






29. Uncoiled DNA






30. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






31. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






32. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






33. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






34. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






35. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






36. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






37. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






38. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






39. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






40. Undergoes disjunction






41. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






42. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






43. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






44. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






45. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






46. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






47. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






48. Specialized sex cells






49. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






50. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion