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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






2. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






3. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






4. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






5. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






6. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






7. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






8. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






9. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






10. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






11. Uncoiled DNA






12. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






13. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






14. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






15. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






16. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






17. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






18. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






19. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






20. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






21. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






22. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






23. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






24. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






25. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






26. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






27. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






28. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






29. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






30. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






31. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






32. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






33. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






34. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






35. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






36. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






37. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






38. Part of embry that are seed leaves






39. Surrounded by two layers of cells






40. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






41. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






42. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






43. Specialized sex cells






44. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






45. A means of reproduction






46. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






47. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






48. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






49. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






50. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size