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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






2. Part of embry that are seed leaves






3. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






4. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






5. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






6. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






7. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






8. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






9. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






10. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






11. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






12. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






13. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






14. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






15. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






16. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






17. Undergoes disjunction






18. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






19. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






20. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






21. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






22. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






23. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






24. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






25. Have both functional male and female gonads






26. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






27. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






28. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






29. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






30. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






31. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






32. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






33. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






34. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






35. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






36. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






37. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






38. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






39. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






40. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






41. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






42. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






43. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






44. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






45. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






46. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






47. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






48. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






49. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






50. Diploid cells of spermatogonia