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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems
Spermatogenesis
Meristems
Runners
Polar Body
2. Undergoes disjunction
Progesterone
First Meiotic Division
Anaphase I
Seed Coat
3. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Menstrual Cycle
Oocytes
Luteal Phase
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
4. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Disjunction
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Fertilization
Runners
5. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body
Rhizomes
Mature sperm
Anaphase (Interphase)
Prophase I
6. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere
Sporophyte Generation
Stamen
Telophase I
Crossing Over
7. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Second Meiotic Division
Male Urethra
Oogenesis
Meristem Cells
8. A means of reproduction
Embryo
Scrotum
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
9. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Secondary Oocyte
Vegetative Propagation
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Bulbs
10. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Dicots
Rhizomes
Tetrad
Cortical Reaction
11. Egg
Spermatogonia
Ovum
Sperm Travels...
Single Mature Egg
12. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants
Tubers
Metaphase I
Luteal Phase
Natural Vegatative Propagation
13. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Luteal Phase
Filament
Interphase (Meiosis)
Embryo
14. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Cell Division
Telophase (Interphase)
Estrogens
Fertilization
15. Have both functional male and female gonads
Cytokinesis
Spermatogonia
Hermaphrodites
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
16. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs
Filament
Internal Fertilization
Primary Spermatocytes
Meiosis
17. Surrounded by two layers of cells
Primary Spermatocytes
Fertilization
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Gametophyte Generation
18. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Interphase (Meiosis)
Spermatogenesis
Testes
Sporophyte Generation
19. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Cell Plate
Prophase (Interphase)
oviduct
Filament
20. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Corona Radiata
Meristem Cells
Male Urethra
Seed Coat
21. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Synapsis
Meristem Cells
Budding
Asexual Reproduction
22. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Anaphase (Interphase)
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
External Fertilization
23. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Asexual Reproduction
Corona Radiata
Gametophyte Generation
Telophase (Interphase)
24. Uncoiled DNA
Cotyledons
Chromatin
Telophase (Interphase)
Interphase (Meiosis)
25. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Spermatozoa
Cervix
Ovaries
Metaphase I
26. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Anaphase I
Cervix
Spermatozoa
27. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes
Anther
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Vaginal Canal
Cytokinesis
28. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries
Single Mature Egg
Scrotum
Fertilization/Conjugation
Luteal Phase
29. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Prophase I
Ferns
Menstruation
Ovulation
30. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Fertilization
Spermatids
Head of Sperm
Ferns
31. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides
Mature Ovum
Spermatozoa
Anaphase I
Embryo
32. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Asexual Reproduction
Testosterone
Filament
33. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Cytokinesis
Partenogenesis
Four Parts of Interphase
Prophase I
34. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate
Gonads
Apical Meristem
Fertilization/Conjugation
Polar Body
35. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids
Scrotum
Hermaphrodites
First Meiotic Division
Corona Radiata
36. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles
Menses
Oogenesis
Sporophyte
Rhizomes
37. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicular phase
Interphase
Secondary Spermatocytes
Crossing Over
38. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Spermatids
Hypocotyl
Gonads
Centromere
39. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen
Follicle
Crossing Over
Hypocotyl
Asexual Reproduction
40. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Prophase I
Spermatogonia
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Sporophyte
41. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Angiosperms
Monocots
Immature ovum
Follicular phase
42. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Crossing Over
Gonads
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Secondary Oocyte
43. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root
Hypocotyl
Fertilization/Conjugation
Fertilization
Corpus Luteum
44. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles
Partenogenesis
Ovaries
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Plant vs. Animal cells
45. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival
Spermatogenesis
Scrotum
Vaginal Canal
Cervix
46. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Endosperm
Mitosis
Seed Coat
Fission
47. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell
Fertilization membrane
Budding
Anaphase I
Regeneration
48. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Scrotum
Primary Spermatocytes
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Testes
49. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Mosses
Plant vs. Animal cells
Centromere
50. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Sporophyte
Spermatozoa
Ovulation