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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






2. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






3. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






4. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






5. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






6. Part of embry that are seed leaves






7. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






8. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






9. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






10. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






11. Specialized sex cells






12. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






13. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






14. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






15. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






16. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






17. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






18. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






19. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






20. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






21. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






22. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






23. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






24. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






25. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






26. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






27. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






28. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






29. Menstrual flow






30. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






31. Surrounded by two layers of cells






32. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






33. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






34. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






35. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






36. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






37. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






38. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






39. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






40. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






41. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






42. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






43. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






44. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






45. Egg






46. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






47. Split to form several bulbs






48. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






49. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






50. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes