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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen
Endosperm
Follicle
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Mature Ovum
2. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Chromatin
Four Parts of Interphase
Karyokinesis
Spermatids
3. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Anaphase (Interphase)
Disjunction
Flower
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
4. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Polar Body
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Corona Radiata
5. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip
Follicle
Gonads
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Urethra
6. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Regeneration
Corona Radiata
Cytokinesis
Flower
7. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form
Ferns
Cytokinesis
Urethra
Acrosomal Process
8. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Gametophyte Generation
Menstruation
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Flagellum
9. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Synapsis
Spore Formation
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Oocytes
10. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation
Testes
Metaphase I
Acrosome
Spore Formation
11. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Bulbs
Second Meiotic Division
Four Parts of Interphase
Stamen
12. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Dicots
Rhizomes
Meristems
13. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water
Tetrad
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Spores
Karyokinesis
14. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Hermaphrodites
Metaphase I
Endosperm
Angiosperms
15. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Meristem Cells
Luteal Phase
Uterus
Spermatogenesis
16. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Meiosis
Apical Meristem
External Fertilization
Cambium
17. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Cervix
Acrosome
Second Meiotic Division
Testosterone
18. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Single Mature Egg
Interphase
Synapsis
Meristems
19. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Testes
External Fertilization
Ovaries
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
20. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell
Metaphase (Interphase)
Chromatin
Spore Formation
Sporophyte Generation
21. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum
Fertilization
Spermatogenesis
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Embryo
22. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Ovaries
Embryo
Budding
Gonads
23. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Luteal Phase
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Karyokinesis
Seed Coat
24. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries
Menstruation
Spermatogenesis
Oogenesis
Scrotum
25. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm
Corona Radiata
Ferns
Disjunction
Cortical Reaction
26. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Gametes
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Tetrad
Partenogenesis
27. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Stamen
Crossing Over
Male Urethra
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
28. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Sporophyte Generation
Crossing Over
Fertilization membrane
Four Parts of Interphase
29. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones
Spermatogenesis
Tubers
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Monocots
30. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants
Sporophyte Generation
Tubers
Telophase (Interphase)
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
31. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes
Internal Fertilization
Primary Spermatocytes
Spermatids
Telophase I
32. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr
Interphase
Cell Plate
Fertilization membrane
Internal Fertilization
33. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Corona Radiata
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Ovaries
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
34. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Cervix
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Spermatozoa
Anaphase (Interphase)
35. Split to form several bulbs
Primary Oocytes
Primary Spermatocytes
Cervix
Bulbs
36. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
epicotyl
Vegetative Propagation
Karyokinesis
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
37. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems
Karyokinesis
Endosperm
Runners
Anther
38. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Plant vs. Animal cells
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Sporophyte
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
39. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Secondary Oocyte
Mature Ovum
Centromere
Ovulation
40. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation
Spermatids
Menstrual Cycle
Fertilization membrane
Polar Body
41. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes
Primary Oocytes
Apical Meristem
Meiosis
Partenogenesis
42. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Testes
Bulbs
Asexual Reproduction
Secondary Oocyte
43. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Fission
Rhizomes
Mosses
Gonads
44. Cell division that follows karyokinesis
Spermatogonia
Cytokinesis
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Asexual Reproduction
45. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Spermatogenesis
Telophase (Interphase)
Ovum
Tetrad
46. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Oogenesis
Anaphase I
Disjunction
Natural Vegatative Propagation
47. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra
Spermatozoa
Male Urethra
Sperm Travels...
Cell Plate
48. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Menses
Angiosperms
Primary Spermatocytes
Interphase (Meiosis)
49. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Uterus
Menses
Spore Formation
Head of Sperm
50. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Spermatogenesis
Prophase I
Scrotum
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)