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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Ferns
Spores
Filament
Secondary Oocyte
2. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Asexual Reproduction
First Meiotic Division
oviduct
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
3. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Karyokinesis
Vegetative Propagation
Hermaphrodites
Fertilization membrane
4. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Corona Radiata
Primary Spermatocytes
Interphase (Meiosis)
Crossing Over
5. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium
Hermaphrodites
Scrotum
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Progesterone
6. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Telophase (Interphase)
Dicots
oviduct
Spore Formation
7. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr
Interphase
Fertilization
Corona Radiata
Male Urethra
8. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival
Interphase
Partenogenesis
Scrotum
Secondary Spermatocytes
9. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Anaphase (Interphase)
Bulbs
Plant vs. Animal cells
Sporophyte
10. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Estrogens
Head of Sperm
Crossing Over
epicotyl
11. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicular phase
Synapsis
Mosses
Follicle
12. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Corona Radiata
Crossing Over
Plant vs. Animal cells
13. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Cortical Reaction
Progesterone
Uterus
Dicots
14. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Sporophyte
Filament
Menstrual Cycle
Mosses
15. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Crossing Over
Uterus
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
16. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Cytokinesis
Head of Sperm
Tetrad
17. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm
Luteal Phase
Flagellum
Dicots
Fertilization
18. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part
Spermatogenesis
Testes
Secondary Spermatocytes
Regeneration
19. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Meristems
Mitosis
Prophase I
Sperm Travels...
20. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Immature ovum
Spermatogonia
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
21. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane
Zona Pellucida
Fertilization
Second Meiotic Division
Cortical Reaction
22. Menstrual flow
Estrogens
Menses
Ovulation
Fertilization
23. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Asexual Reproduction
Centromere
Fertilization/Conjugation
24. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
oviduct
Vaginal Canal
Spermatogonia
25. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament
Fertilization membrane
Cotyledons
Stamen
Fertilization/Conjugation
26. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Oogenesis
Testosterone
Primary Spermatocytes
27. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs
Internal Fertilization
Interphase (Meiosis)
Budding
Telophase I
28. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Uterus
Mosses
External Fertilization
Cortical Reaction
29. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Acrosome
Metaphase I
Male Urethra
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
30. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Flower
Menstrual Cycle
Gonads
Spermatogenesis
31. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves
Anther
Uterus
Spermatozoa
epicotyl
32. Split to form several bulbs
Bulbs
Ovulation
Mosses
Cell Plate
33. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm
Cortical Reaction
Filament
Acrosome
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
34. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Fertilization
Fertilization
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Angiosperms
35. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally
Cell Division
Internal Fertilization
Ovaries
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
36. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Spermatogenesis
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Testes
37. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum
Telophase (Interphase)
Fertilization
Bulbs
Ferns
38. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Cell Division
Cambium
Runners
Corona Radiata
39. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Head of Sperm
First Meiotic Division
Anaphase (Interphase)
40. Undergoes disjunction
Regeneration
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Gonads
Anaphase I
41. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Cortical Reaction
Partenogenesis
Oocyte Cell Membrane
42. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems
Runners
Primary Oocytes
Progesterone
Ovulation
43. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes
Testosterone
Hypocotyl
Bulbs
Corona Radiata
44. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Male Urethra
Polar Body
Vegetative Propagation
45. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Ferns
Corona Radiata
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
46. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form
Ferns
Corpus Luteum
Vaginal Canal
Flower
47. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Hermaphrodites
Fertilization membrane
First Meiotic Division
Sporophyte
48. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
Mitosis
Budding
Plant vs. Animal cells
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
49. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Meristems
First Meiotic Division
Cytokinesis
Internal Fertilization
50. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Corona Radiata
Uterus
Secondary Oocyte
First Meiotic Division