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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






2. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






3. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






4. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






5. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






6. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






7. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






8. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






9. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






10. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






11. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






12. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






13. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






14. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






15. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






16. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






17. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






18. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






19. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






20. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






21. Egg






22. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






23. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






24. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






25. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






26. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






27. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






28. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






29. Uncoiled DNA






30. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






31. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






32. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






33. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






34. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






35. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






36. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






37. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






38. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






39. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






40. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






41. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






42. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






43. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






44. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






45. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






46. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






47. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






48. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






49. Menstrual flow






50. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules







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