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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Cell Division
Karyokinesis
Cambium
Natural Vegatative Propagation
2. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Partenogenesis
Gametophyte Generation
Corona Radiata
Menstruation
3. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids
Four Parts of Interphase
Interphase (Meiosis)
Male Urethra
Mitosis
4. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Testes
Budding
Prophase I
Cytokinesis
5. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Ovaries
Vegetative Propagation
Menstruation
Follicular phase
6. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones
Zona Pellucida
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Primary Spermatocytes
7. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries
Secondary Spermatocytes
Meiosis
Female Sex Hormones
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
8. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell
Scrotum
Corona Radiata
Spores
Budding
9. Union of gametes
Acrosomal Process
Fertilization/Conjugation
Luteal Phase
Plant vs. Animal cells
10. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Cervix
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Secondary Oocyte
11. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Rhizomes
Male Urethra
Interphase
Single Mature Egg
12. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Second Meiotic Division
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Primary Spermatocytes
Meristem Cells
13. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Head of Sperm
Progesterone
Anaphase (Interphase)
epicotyl
14. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Oogenesis
Endosperm
Mosses
Asexual Reproduction
15. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm
Primary Spermatocytes
Internal Fertilization
Dicots
Oocytes
16. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Prophase (Interphase)
Partenogenesis
Runners
Embryo
17. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail
Corona Radiata
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Spermatozoa
Spermatogenesis
18. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains
Male Urethra
Anther
Ovaries
Zona Pellucida
19. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Chromatin
Meiosis
Fertilization membrane
20. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere
Telophase I
Mature Ovum
Sporophyte Generation
Mature sperm
21. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth
Primary Oocytes
Endosperm
Mature sperm
Asexual Reproduction
22. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Gonads
Acrosomal Process
Meristems
Estrogens
23. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
Plant vs. Animal cells
Mature sperm
Ovulation
Interphase
24. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Gonads
Fission
Centromere
Meristems
25. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Centromere
Fertilization/Conjugation
Synapsis
Gametophyte Generation
26. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Mature Ovum
Ovulation
Filament
Vegetative Propagation
27. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Tubers
Ferns
Embryo
28. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems
Four Parts of Interphase
Runners
Prophase I
Hermaphrodites
29. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Ferns
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Fertilization
Gametes
30. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Follicular phase
Four Parts of Interphase
Estrogens
Corona Radiata
31. Have both functional male and female gonads
Hermaphrodites
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Angiosperms
Disjunction
32. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Anaphase (Interphase)
Endosperm
Flower
Spores
33. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Tetrad
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Cell Plate
Primary Oocytes
34. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Ovum
Asexual Reproduction
Spermatozoa
Sporophyte
35. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Mosses
Runners
Flower
Follicle
36. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids
First Meiotic Division
Uterus
Fertilization
Spermatozoa
37. Split to form several bulbs
Hypocotyl
Dicots
Meiosis
Bulbs
38. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Vegetative Propagation
Second Meiotic Division
Acrosome
Seed Coat
39. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries
Oogenesis
Anaphase I
Head of Sperm
Flagellum
40. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Menstruation
Vegetative Propagation
Partenogenesis
41. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Cervix
Testosterone
Gonads
Male Urethra
42. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta
Ovaries
Acrosomal Process
Fission
Second Meiotic Division
43. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation
Menstrual Cycle
Dicots
Cell Division
Plant vs. Animal cells
44. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane
Dicots
Zona Pellucida
Spore Formation
Hermaphrodites
45. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Synapsis
Flagellum
Stamen
Sporophyte Generation
46. Surrounded by two layers of cells
Fertilization membrane
Secondary Oocyte
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Runners
47. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs
Bulbs
Internal Fertilization
Cambium
Gametes
48. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes
epicotyl
Second Meiotic Division
Apical Meristem
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
49. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate
Gonads
Polar Body
Prophase I
Spermatogenesis
50. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels
Anther
Karyokinesis
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Ovulation
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