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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






2. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






3. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






4. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






5. A means of reproduction






6. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






7. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






8. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






9. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






10. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






11. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






12. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






13. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






14. Specialized sex cells






15. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






16. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






17. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






18. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






19. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






20. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






21. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






22. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






23. Have both functional male and female gonads






24. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






25. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






26. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






27. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






28. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






29. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






30. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






31. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






32. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






33. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






34. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






35. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






36. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






37. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






38. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






39. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






40. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






41. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






42. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






43. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






44. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






45. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






46. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






47. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






48. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






49. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






50. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably