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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






2. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






3. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






4. Part of embry that are seed leaves






5. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






6. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






7. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






8. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






9. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






10. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






11. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






12. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






13. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






14. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






15. Split to form several bulbs






16. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






17. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






18. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






19. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






20. Union of gametes






21. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






22. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






23. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






24. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






25. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






26. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






27. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






28. Undergoes disjunction






29. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






30. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






31. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






32. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






33. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






34. Uncoiled DNA






35. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






36. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






37. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






38. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






39. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






40. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






41. A means of reproduction






42. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






43. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






44. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






45. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






46. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






47. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






48. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






49. Specialized sex cells






50. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles