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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






2. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






3. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






4. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






5. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






6. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






7. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






8. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






9. Union of gametes






10. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






11. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






12. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






13. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






14. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






15. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






16. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






17. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






18. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






19. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






20. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






21. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






22. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






23. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






24. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






25. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






26. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






27. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






28. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






29. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






30. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






31. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






32. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






33. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






34. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






35. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






36. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






37. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






38. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






39. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






40. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






41. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






42. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






43. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






44. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






45. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






46. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






47. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






48. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






49. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






50. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate