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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Anaphase I
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
oviduct
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
2. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Seed Coat
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Meristems
Cytokinesis
3. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Head of Sperm
Secondary Oocyte
epicotyl
Progesterone
4. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Four Parts of Interphase
oviduct
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Corona Radiata
5. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Disjunction
Spore Formation
Cotyledons
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
6. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Mature Ovum
Tubers
Oocytes
7. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm
Filament
Cortical Reaction
Mitosis
Mature sperm
8. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes
Meristem Cells
Hypocotyl
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Runners
9. Eggs
Plant vs. Animal cells
Corona Radiata
Oocytes
Spore Formation
10. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Interphase (Meiosis)
Ovaries
Budding
11. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Anaphase (Interphase)
Spermatogonia
Prophase (Interphase)
Oogenesis
12. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water
Spores
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Disjunction
Ovaries
13. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Spermatogenesis
Filament
Mitosis
14. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes
Metaphase I
Endosperm
Filament
Spermatids
15. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes
Ovaries
Fertilization
Testosterone
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
16. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Spermatogonia
Cambium
Gonads
Cell Division
17. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra
Sperm Travels...
Testes
Hypocotyl
Meiosis
18. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Seed Coat
Cervix
Head of Sperm
oviduct
19. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Fertilization membrane
Sporophyte Generation
External Fertilization
Urethra
20. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Spermatogenesis
Sporophyte Generation
Cell Plate
Seed Coat
21. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Menstruation
Zona Pellucida
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Cortical Reaction
22. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes
Fertilization
Oogenesis
Ovaries
Prophase I
23. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Seed Coat
Cortical Reaction
Urethra
Cell Plate
24. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Ferns
Dicots
Fertilization
25. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr
Single Mature Egg
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Interphase
Four Parts of Interphase
26. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Telophase (Interphase)
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Filament
Menses
27. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Male Urethra
Four Parts of Interphase
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
28. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus
Gonads
Chromatin
oviduct
Secondary Spermatocytes
29. Uncoiled DNA
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Chromatin
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Testes
30. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels
Ovulation
Spermatogenesis
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Crossing Over
31. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Prophase I
Fertilization/Conjugation
Estrogens
32. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Spermatogenesis
Primary Oocytes
Corpus Luteum
Vegetative Propagation
33. Egg
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Monocots
Ovum
Embryo
34. Undergoes disjunction
Telophase I
Oogenesis
Cell Division
Anaphase I
35. Have both functional male and female gonads
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Mosses
Cotyledons
Hermaphrodites
36. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Head of Sperm
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Seed Coat
Meristems
37. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction
Stamen
First Meiotic Division
Uterus
Meristem Cells
38. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids
First Meiotic Division
Disjunction
Tetrad
Testosterone
39. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail
Anther
First Meiotic Division
Second Meiotic Division
Spermatozoa
40. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Cell Division
Female Sex Hormones
41. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Spermatogenesis
Gonads
Synapsis
Luteal Phase
42. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip
Bulbs
Urethra
Cotyledons
Stamen
43. A means of reproduction
Telophase I
Regeneration
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Oogenesis
44. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Cervix
Mosses
Partenogenesis
Prophase (Interphase)
45. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Oocytes
Asexual Reproduction
Embryo
Apical Meristem
46. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Head of Sperm
Dicots
Runners
Cell Plate
47. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Tetrad
Primary Spermatocytes
Corona Radiata
48. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Flagellum
Filament
Acrosome
Centromere
49. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Single Mature Egg
Ovaries
Spermatogonia
Uterus
50. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Tetrad
Acrosomal Process
Sporophyte Generation
Apical Meristem