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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






2. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






3. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






4. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






5. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






6. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






7. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






8. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






9. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






10. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






11. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






12. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






13. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






14. Specialized sex cells






15. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






16. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






17. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






18. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






19. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






20. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






21. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






22. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






23. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






24. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






25. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






26. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






27. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






28. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






29. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






30. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






31. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






32. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






33. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






34. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






35. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






36. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






37. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






38. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






39. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






40. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






41. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






42. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






43. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






44. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






45. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






46. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






47. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






48. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






49. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






50. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes