Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






2. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






3. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






4. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






5. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






6. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






7. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






8. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






9. Egg






10. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






11. Undergoes disjunction






12. Uncoiled DNA






13. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






14. A means of reproduction






15. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






16. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






17. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






18. Female gonads that produce oocytes






19. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






20. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






21. Specialized sex cells






22. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






23. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






24. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






25. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






26. Split to form several bulbs






27. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






28. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






29. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






30. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






31. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






32. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






33. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






34. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






35. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






36. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






37. Menstrual flow






38. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






39. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






40. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






41. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






42. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






43. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






44. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






45. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






46. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






47. Have one cotyledon






48. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






49. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






50. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II