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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






2. Egg






3. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






4. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






5. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






6. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






7. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






8. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






9. Female gonads that produce oocytes






10. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






11. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






12. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






13. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






14. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






15. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






16. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






17. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






18. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






19. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






20. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






21. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






22. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






23. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






24. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






25. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






26. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






27. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






28. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






29. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






30. Have both functional male and female gonads






31. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






32. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






33. Specialized sex cells






34. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






35. Uncoiled DNA






36. Union of gametes






37. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






38. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






39. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






40. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






41. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






42. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






43. Eggs






44. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






45. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






46. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






47. Surrounded by two layers of cells






48. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






49. Undergoes disjunction






50. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules