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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






2. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






3. Have both functional male and female gonads






4. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






5. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






6. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






7. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






8. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






9. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






10. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






11. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






12. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






13. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






14. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






15. Have one cotyledon






16. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






17. Split to form several bulbs






18. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






19. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






20. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






21. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






22. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






23. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






24. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






25. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






26. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






27. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






28. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






29. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






30. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






31. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






32. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






33. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






34. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






35. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






36. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






37. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






38. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






39. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






40. Undergoes disjunction






41. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






42. Surrounded by two layers of cells






43. Part of embry that are seed leaves






44. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






45. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






46. Specialized sex cells






47. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






48. Female gonads that produce oocytes






49. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






50. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip







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