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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






2. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






3. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






4. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






5. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






6. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






7. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






8. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






9. Menstrual flow






10. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






11. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






12. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






13. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






14. A means of reproduction






15. Surrounded by two layers of cells






16. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






17. Have one cotyledon






18. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






19. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






20. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






21. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






22. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






23. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






24. Union of gametes






25. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






26. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






27. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






28. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






29. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






30. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






31. Specialized sex cells






32. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






33. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






34. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






35. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






36. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






37. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






38. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






39. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






40. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






41. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






42. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






43. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






44. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






45. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






46. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






47. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






48. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






49. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






50. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome