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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






2. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






3. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






4. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






5. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






6. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






7. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






8. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






9. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






10. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






11. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






12. Union of gametes






13. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






14. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






15. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






16. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






17. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






18. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






19. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






20. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






21. Undergoes disjunction






22. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






23. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






24. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






25. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






26. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






27. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






28. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






29. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






30. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






31. Eggs






32. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






33. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






34. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






35. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






36. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






37. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






38. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






39. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






40. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






41. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






42. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






43. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






44. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






45. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






46. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






47. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






48. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






49. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






50. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes