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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






2. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






3. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






4. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






5. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






6. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






7. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






8. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






9. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






10. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






11. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






12. Split to form several bulbs






13. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






14. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






15. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






16. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






17. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






18. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






19. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






20. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






21. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






22. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






23. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






24. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






25. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






26. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






27. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






28. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






29. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






30. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






31. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






32. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






33. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






34. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






35. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






36. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






37. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






38. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






39. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






40. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






41. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






42. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






43. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






44. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






45. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






46. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






47. Have both functional male and female gonads






48. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






49. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






50. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids