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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






2. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






3. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






4. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






5. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






6. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






7. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






8. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






9. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






10. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






11. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






12. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






13. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






14. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






15. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






16. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






17. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






18. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






19. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






20. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






21. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






22. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






23. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






24. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






25. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






26. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






27. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






28. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






29. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






30. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






31. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






32. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






33. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






34. Split to form several bulbs






35. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






36. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






37. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






38. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






39. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






40. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






41. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






42. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






43. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






44. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






45. Menstrual flow






46. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






47. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






48. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






49. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






50. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth