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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Surrounded by two layers of cells
Female Sex Hormones
Vaginal Canal
Ovaries
Oocyte Cell Membrane
2. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
External Fertilization
Female Sex Hormones
Gonads
Bulbs
3. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles
Luteal Phase
Fission
Menstrual Cycle
Ovaries
4. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Corpus Luteum
Apical Meristem
Angiosperms
Asexual Reproduction
5. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Corona Radiata
Oocytes
Progesterone
Telophase (Interphase)
6. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Filament
Acrosome
Telophase (Interphase)
Vegetative Propagation
7. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm
Centromere
Dicots
Vaginal Canal
Sexual Reproduction Requires
8. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries
Fertilization
Meiosis
Single Mature Egg
Sperm Travels...
9. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore
Luteal Phase
Metaphase I
Head of Sperm
Immature ovum
10. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Internal Fertilization
Gametes
First Meiotic Division
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
11. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip
Urethra
Menses
Spermatids
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
12. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Four Parts of Interphase
Spermatogenesis
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Oocyte Cell Membrane
13. A means of reproduction
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Prophase (Interphase)
Cell Division
Polar Body
14. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Cervix
Corona Radiata
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Metaphase (Interphase)
15. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels
Cytokinesis
Luteal Phase
Ovulation
Anther
16. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Synapsis
Corona Radiata
Fertilization
Second Meiotic Division
17. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Cotyledons
Testosterone
Menstruation
Plant vs. Animal cells
18. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Asexual Reproduction
Internal Fertilization
Ovaries
Sperm Travels...
19. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Secondary Oocyte
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Gametes
Monocots
20. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Prophase I
Menstrual Cycle
Ovaries
Tubers
21. Have one cotyledon
Gonads
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Internal Fertilization
Monocots
22. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries
Metaphase (Interphase)
Female Sex Hormones
Filament
Testosterone
23. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs
Internal Fertilization
Dicots
Hypocotyl
Monocots
24. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Mosses
Menstruation
Tetrad
Plant vs. Animal cells
25. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Filament
Primary Spermatocytes
Bulbs
Single Mature Egg
26. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
Asexual Reproduction
Prophase (Interphase)
Endosperm
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
27. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation
Menstrual Cycle
Embryo
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Cervix
28. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Secondary Oocyte
Testes
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Sperm Travels...
29. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Corona Radiata
Meristems
Apical Meristem
30. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes
Secondary Spermatocytes
Metaphase I
Meristems
Immature ovum
31. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Karyokinesis
Gonads
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Ovaries
32. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Fertilization membrane
Flagellum
Metaphase I
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
33. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo
Corona Radiata
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Mature Ovum
Second Meiotic Division
34. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Progesterone
Ovulation
Sporophyte
Chromatin
35. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes
Meristems
Meiosis
Cortical Reaction
Cervix
36. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome
Embryo
Metaphase (Interphase)
Hermaphrodites
Mitosis
37. Specialized sex cells
Gametes
epicotyl
Spermatozoa
Testes
38. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids
Cortical Reaction
Interphase (Meiosis)
Male Urethra
Anaphase I
39. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Spermatogenesis
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Natural Vegatative Propagation
40. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Hypocotyl
External Fertilization
Stamen
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
41. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils
Anther
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Progesterone
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
42. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Oogenesis
External Fertilization
Menstrual Cycle
Asexual Reproduction
43. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Secondary Spermatocytes
Flagellum
Apical Meristem
Follicular phase
44. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Primary Spermatocytes
Seed Coat
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Runners
45. Egg
Cytokinesis
Ovaries
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Ovum
46. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Rhizomes
Cell Plate
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Disjunction
47. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta
Oogenesis
Telophase I
Fission
Hermaphrodites
48. Uncoiled DNA
Crossing Over
Chromatin
Acrosome
Menses
49. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually
Gametophyte Generation
Embryo
Follicular phase
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
50. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Anaphase (Interphase)
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
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