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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






2. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






3. Specialized sex cells






4. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






5. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






6. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






7. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






8. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






9. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






10. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






11. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






12. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






13. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






14. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






15. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






16. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






17. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






18. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






19. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






20. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






21. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






22. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






23. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






24. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






25. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






26. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






27. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






28. Undergoes disjunction






29. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






30. A means of reproduction






31. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






32. Have both functional male and female gonads






33. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






34. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






35. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






36. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






37. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






38. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






39. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






40. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






41. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






42. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






43. Female gonads that produce oocytes






44. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






45. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






46. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






47. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






48. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






49. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






50. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther