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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Union of gametes






2. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






3. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






4. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






5. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






6. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






7. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






8. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






9. Eggs






10. Have both functional male and female gonads






11. Female gonads that produce oocytes






12. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






13. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






14. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






15. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






16. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






17. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






18. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






19. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






20. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






21. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






22. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






23. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






24. Split to form several bulbs






25. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






26. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






27. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






28. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






29. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






30. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






31. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






32. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






33. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






34. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






35. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






36. Uncoiled DNA






37. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






38. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






39. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






40. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






41. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






42. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






43. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






44. Undergoes disjunction






45. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






46. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






47. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






48. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






49. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






50. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles







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