Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specialized sex cells






2. Union of gametes






3. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






4. Eggs






5. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






6. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






7. Menstrual flow






8. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






9. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






10. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






11. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






12. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






13. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






14. Have one cotyledon






15. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






16. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






17. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






18. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






19. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






20. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






21. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






22. Undergoes disjunction






23. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






24. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






25. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






26. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






27. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






28. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






29. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






30. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






31. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






32. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






33. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






34. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






35. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






36. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






37. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






38. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






39. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






40. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






41. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






42. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






43. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






44. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






45. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






46. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






47. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






48. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






49. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






50. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses