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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
Testosterone
Prophase (Interphase)
Embryo
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
2. Secretes estrogen and progesterone
Corpus Luteum
Estrogens
Urethra
Ovulation
3. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone
Crossing Over
Female Sex Hormones
Testes
Primary Oocytes
4. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Apical Meristem
Sporophyte Generation
Second Meiotic Division
Prophase (Interphase)
5. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Karyokinesis
Meristem Cells
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Female Sex Hormones
6. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Spermatogenesis
Immature ovum
Gametophyte Generation
Meristem Cells
7. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Flagellum
Vaginal Canal
Stamen
External Fertilization
8. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries
Oogenesis
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Budding
Rhizomes
9. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part
Regeneration
Cotyledons
Spermatogenesis
Menstruation
10. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root
Hypocotyl
Bulbs
Crossing Over
Mitosis
11. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Oogenesis
Second Meiotic Division
Anaphase (Interphase)
Urethra
12. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Cell Division
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Fertilization membrane
Angiosperms
13. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Cell Division
Sporophyte
Acrosome
oviduct
14. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction
Anaphase (Interphase)
Meristem Cells
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Testosterone
15. Union of gametes
Corona Radiata
Follicle
Mature sperm
Fertilization/Conjugation
16. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Spermatogonia
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Spore Formation
17. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Corona Radiata
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Vegetative Propagation
Estrogens
18. Uncoiled DNA
Corpus Luteum
Internal Fertilization
Chromatin
Metaphase (Interphase)
19. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Vegetative Propagation
Anaphase I
Mitosis
Embryo
20. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Mitosis
Gonads
21. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane
Anaphase (Interphase)
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Disjunction
Zona Pellucida
22. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation
Endosperm
Cell Division
Tubers
Menstrual Cycle
23. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Corona Radiata
Ovaries
Spermatogenesis
Meristems
24. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Synapsis
Partenogenesis
Fertilization/Conjugation
25. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries
Cotyledons
Male Urethra
Testes
Single Mature Egg
26. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip
Bulbs
Urethra
Oogenesis
Mosses
27. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Second Meiotic Division
Primary Spermatocytes
Meristems
Urethra
28. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Hermaphrodites
Telophase (Interphase)
Acrosomal Process
Cervix
29. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels
Spermatozoa
Four Parts of Interphase
Ovulation
Spores
30. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water
Spores
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Secondary Spermatocytes
Sporophyte
31. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries
Female Sex Hormones
Centromere
Spermatids
oviduct
32. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Tubers
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
External Fertilization
Anaphase I
33. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes
Meristems
Embryo
Fertilization
Secondary Oocyte
34. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Embryo
Metaphase (Interphase)
Disjunction
Mitosis
35. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival
Fertilization
oviduct
Cell Division
Scrotum
36. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Polar Body
Zona Pellucida
Spermatogonia
Mosses
37. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Secondary Spermatocytes
Follicle
Cell Division
38. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth
Plant vs. Animal cells
Polar Body
Uterus
Primary Oocytes
39. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Metaphase I
Seed Coat
Endosperm
Corona Radiata
40. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation
Telophase I
Metaphase (Interphase)
Spore Formation
Sporophyte
41. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves
Interphase (Meiosis)
Flagellum
Fission
epicotyl
42. Surrounded by two layers of cells
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Flagellum
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Spore Formation
43. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes
Rhizomes
First Meiotic Division
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Testosterone
44. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Mature Ovum
Oogenesis
Prophase (Interphase)
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
45. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Budding
Cortical Reaction
Angiosperms
Second Meiotic Division
46. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Hypocotyl
Spermatozoa
47. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr
Fertilization
Anaphase (Interphase)
Interphase
Testes
48. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes
Meiosis
Oogenesis
Corona Radiata
Centromere
49. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs
Internal Fertilization
Hermaphrodites
Oocytes
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
50. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Corpus Luteum
Stamen
Follicular phase
epicotyl