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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






2. Union of gametes






3. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






4. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






5. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






6. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






7. Eggs






8. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






9. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






10. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






11. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






12. Female gonads that produce oocytes






13. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






14. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






15. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






16. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






17. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






18. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






19. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






20. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






21. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






22. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






23. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






24. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






25. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






26. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






27. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






28. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






29. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






30. Part of embry that are seed leaves






31. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






32. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






33. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






34. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






35. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






36. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






37. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






38. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






39. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






40. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






41. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






42. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






43. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






44. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






45. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






46. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






47. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






48. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






49. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






50. Menstrual flow