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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






2. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






3. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






4. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






5. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






6. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






7. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






8. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






9. Uncoiled DNA






10. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






11. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






12. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






13. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






14. Split to form several bulbs






15. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






16. Eggs






17. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






18. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






19. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






20. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






21. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






22. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






23. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






24. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






25. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






26. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






27. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






28. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






29. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






30. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






31. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






32. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






33. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






34. Specialized sex cells






35. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






36. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






37. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






38. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






39. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






40. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






41. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






42. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






43. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






44. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






45. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






46. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






47. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






48. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






49. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






50. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides







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