Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Have one cotyledon






2. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






3. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






4. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






5. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






6. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






7. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






8. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






9. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






10. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






11. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






12. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






13. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






14. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






15. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






16. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






17. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






18. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






19. Split to form several bulbs






20. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






21. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






22. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






23. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






24. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






25. Union of gametes






26. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






27. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






28. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






29. Egg






30. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






31. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






32. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






33. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






34. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






35. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






36. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






37. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






38. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






39. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






40. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






41. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






42. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






43. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






44. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






45. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






46. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






47. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






48. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






49. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






50. Specialized sex cells