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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






2. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






3. A means of reproduction






4. Egg






5. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






6. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






7. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






8. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






9. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






10. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






11. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






12. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






13. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






14. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






15. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






16. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






17. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






18. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






19. Have both functional male and female gonads






20. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






21. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






22. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






23. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






24. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






25. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






26. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






27. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






28. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






29. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






30. Undergoes disjunction






31. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






32. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






33. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






34. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






35. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






36. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






37. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






38. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






39. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






40. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






41. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






42. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






43. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






44. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






45. Specialized sex cells






46. Have one cotyledon






47. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






48. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






49. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






50. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels