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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






2. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






3. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






4. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






5. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






6. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






7. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






8. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






9. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






10. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






11. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






12. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






13. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






14. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






15. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






16. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






17. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






18. Split to form several bulbs






19. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






20. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






21. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






22. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






23. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






24. A means of reproduction






25. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






26. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






27. Egg






28. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






29. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






30. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






31. Union of gametes






32. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






33. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






34. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






35. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






36. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






37. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






38. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






39. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






40. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






41. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






42. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






43. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






44. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






45. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






46. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






47. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






48. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






49. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






50. Specialized sex cells