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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Chromatin
Cambium
Ovaries
Gametes
2. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus
oviduct
Bulbs
Hermaphrodites
Second Meiotic Division
3. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes
Spermatids
Fertilization
Progesterone
Seed Coat
4. Secretes estrogen and progesterone
Corpus Luteum
Plant vs. Animal cells
Apical Meristem
Cell Division
5. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore
Angiosperms
Zona Pellucida
Uterus
Metaphase I
6. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta
First Meiotic Division
Regeneration
Vegetative Propagation
Fission
7. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes
Fertilization
Spermatogonia
Testosterone
Follicle
8. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Spermatids
Asexual Reproduction
Tetrad
Dicots
9. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell
Karyokinesis
Budding
Vaginal Canal
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
10. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Budding
Meiosis
Sporophyte Generation
Metaphase (Interphase)
11. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament
Meristems
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Disjunction
Stamen
12. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
First Meiotic Division
Zona Pellucida
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
13. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Angiosperms
Regeneration
Estrogens
Chromatin
14. Specialized sex cells
Meristems
Oogenesis
Gametes
Mature sperm
15. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Meiosis
Rhizomes
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Prophase (Interphase)
16. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Primary Oocytes
Uterus
Mitosis
17. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually
Menses
Urethra
Gametophyte Generation
Corona Radiata
18. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves
Acrosomal Process
epicotyl
Cotyledons
oviduct
19. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Corona Radiata
Oocytes
Oogenesis
Fertilization membrane
20. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Ferns
Spermatids
Anaphase (Interphase)
Corona Radiata
21. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Acrosome
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Meristems
Gametes
22. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body
Flagellum
Anther
Mature sperm
Spores
23. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Angiosperms
Head of Sperm
Anther
Corona Radiata
24. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Fertilization
Spermatozoa
Prophase (Interphase)
25. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Secondary Oocyte
Ferns
Menstrual Cycle
Interphase (Meiosis)
26. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Secondary Spermatocytes
Telophase I
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Spermatogonia
27. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Oogenesis
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Sporophyte
Karyokinesis
28. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
External Fertilization
Follicle
Prophase I
Chromatin
29. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Centromere
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Hermaphrodites
Tubers
30. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part
Polar Body
Regeneration
Oogenesis
Endosperm
31. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Telophase (Interphase)
Runners
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Secondary Oocyte
32. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Cell Plate
External Fertilization
Sporophyte Generation
Fission
33. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c
Bulbs
Crossing Over
Mature Ovum
Four Parts of Interphase
34. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Second Meiotic Division
Polar Body
Prophase (Interphase)
Scrotum
35. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicular phase
Fertilization
Metaphase (Interphase)
Follicle
36. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Flower
Gametophyte Generation
Filament
Gonads
37. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Corpus Luteum
Vaginal Canal
Progesterone
Gonads
38. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water
Spores
Dicots
Spermatozoa
Metaphase (Interphase)
39. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form
Head of Sperm
Follicle
Prophase (Interphase)
Ferns
40. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Ovum
Vegetative Propagation
Flower
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
41. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Runners
Four Parts of Interphase
Menstruation
First Meiotic Division
42. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Estrogens
Ferns
Testes
43. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo
Progesterone
epicotyl
Mature Ovum
Testosterone
44. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
epicotyl
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Luteal Phase
Bulbs
45. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation
Spore Formation
Gonads
Synapsis
Bulbs
46. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Corpus Luteum
Gametophyte Generation
Asexual Reproduction
Oocyte Cell Membrane
47. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones
Corona Radiata
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Telophase I
Meiosis
48. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival
Scrotum
Oogenesis
Second Meiotic Division
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
49. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems
Fertilization membrane
Runners
Asexual Reproduction
Meiosis
50. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes
Oogenesis
Secondary Spermatocytes
Meiosis
Luteal Phase