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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






2. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






3. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






4. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






5. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






6. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






7. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






8. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






9. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






10. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






11. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






12. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






13. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






14. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






15. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






16. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






17. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






18. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






19. Have both functional male and female gonads






20. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






21. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






22. Split to form several bulbs






23. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






24. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






25. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






26. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






27. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






28. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






29. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






30. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






31. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






32. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






33. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






34. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






35. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






36. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






37. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






38. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






39. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






40. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






41. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






42. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






43. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






44. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






45. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






46. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






47. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






48. Female gonads that produce oocytes






49. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






50. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development