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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






2. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






3. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






4. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






5. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






6. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






7. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






8. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






9. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






10. Have one cotyledon






11. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






12. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






13. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






14. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






15. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






16. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






17. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






18. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






19. Undergoes disjunction






20. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






21. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






22. Surrounded by two layers of cells






23. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






24. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






25. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






26. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






27. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






28. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






29. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






30. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






31. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






32. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






33. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






34. Eggs






35. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






36. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






37. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






38. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






39. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






40. A means of reproduction






41. Specialized sex cells






42. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






43. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






44. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






45. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






46. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






47. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






48. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






49. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






50. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome