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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






2. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






3. Uncoiled DNA






4. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






5. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






6. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






7. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






8. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






9. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






10. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






11. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






12. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






13. Menstrual flow






14. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






15. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






16. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






17. Undergoes disjunction






18. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






19. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






20. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






21. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






22. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






23. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






24. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






25. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






26. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






27. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






28. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






29. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






30. Have both functional male and female gonads






31. Eggs






32. Surrounded by two layers of cells






33. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






34. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






35. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






36. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






37. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






38. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






39. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






40. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






41. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






42. Split to form several bulbs






43. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






44. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






45. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






46. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






47. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






48. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






49. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






50. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta