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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






2. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






3. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






4. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






5. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






6. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






7. Uncoiled DNA






8. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






9. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






10. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






11. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






12. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






13. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






14. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






15. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






16. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






17. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






18. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






19. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






20. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






21. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






22. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






23. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






24. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






25. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






26. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






27. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






28. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






29. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






30. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






31. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






32. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






33. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






34. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






35. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






36. Surrounded by two layers of cells






37. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






38. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






39. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






40. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






41. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






42. Have one cotyledon






43. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






44. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






45. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






46. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






47. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






48. A means of reproduction






49. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






50. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct