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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Union of gametes






2. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






3. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






4. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






5. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






6. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






7. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






8. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






9. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






10. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






11. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






12. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






13. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






14. Have both functional male and female gonads






15. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






16. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






17. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






18. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






19. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






20. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






21. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






22. Eggs






23. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






24. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






25. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






26. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






27. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






28. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






29. Undergoes disjunction






30. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






31. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






32. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






33. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






34. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






35. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






36. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






37. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






38. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






39. Female gonads that produce oocytes






40. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






41. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






42. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






43. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






44. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






45. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






46. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






47. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






48. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






49. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






50. Specialized sex cells