Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






2. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






3. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






4. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






5. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






6. Part of embry that are seed leaves






7. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






8. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






9. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






10. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






11. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






12. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






13. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






14. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






15. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






16. Union of gametes






17. Menstrual flow






18. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






19. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






20. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






21. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






22. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






23. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






24. Female gonads that produce oocytes






25. A means of reproduction






26. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






27. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






28. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






29. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






30. Have both functional male and female gonads






31. Surrounded by two layers of cells






32. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






33. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






34. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






35. Uncoiled DNA






36. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






37. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






38. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






39. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






40. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






41. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






42. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






43. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






44. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






45. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






46. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






47. Have one cotyledon






48. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






49. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






50. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion