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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Gonads
Single Mature Egg
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Ovaries
2. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Fission
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Estrogens
Asexual Reproduction
3. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Gametophyte Generation
External Fertilization
Sexual Reproduction Requires
oviduct
4. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles
Ovaries
Centromere
Prophase (Interphase)
Oocytes
5. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Cambium
Head of Sperm
Acrosomal Process
Primary Oocytes
6. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Uterus
Luteal Phase
Menses
Embryo
7. Undergoes disjunction
Vegetative Propagation
Meristem Cells
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Anaphase I
8. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium
Progesterone
Secondary Spermatocytes
Corpus Luteum
Mosses
9. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
Cell Plate
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Anaphase (Interphase)
Apical Meristem
10. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Gametophyte Generation
Centromere
Cell Plate
Cytokinesis
11. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation
Mature Ovum
Spore Formation
Spermatogenesis
Ferns
12. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Endosperm
Sperm Travels...
Angiosperms
Filament
13. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Uterus
Secondary Spermatocytes
Corona Radiata
Prophase I
14. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes
Secondary Spermatocytes
Metaphase I
Spermatogenesis
Angiosperms
15. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr
Regeneration
Head of Sperm
Interphase
Female Sex Hormones
16. Specialized sex cells
Cervix
Gametes
Dicots
Monocots
17. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum
Partenogenesis
Spores
Fertilization
Menstruation
18. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Menstruation
Testes
Cambium
Second Meiotic Division
19. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body
Ovaries
Spermatogonia
Seed Coat
Mature sperm
20. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome
First Meiotic Division
Vegetative Propagation
Second Meiotic Division
Mitosis
21. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Ovaries
Menstruation
Secondary Oocyte
Four Parts of Interphase
22. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Prophase I
Angiosperms
Follicular phase
Anaphase I
23. Cell division that follows karyokinesis
Cytokinesis
Polar Body
Disjunction
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
24. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate
Polar Body
Head of Sperm
Rhizomes
Corona Radiata
25. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen
Follicle
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Menstrual Cycle
Synapsis
26. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Filament
Cell Plate
Head of Sperm
27. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Acrosomal Process
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Anther
28. Part of embry that are seed leaves
Budding
Male Urethra
Telophase I
Cotyledons
29. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Telophase (Interphase)
Sperm Travels...
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Male Urethra
30. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Rhizomes
Spermatids
Sporophyte Generation
Synapsis
31. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Telophase I
Scrotum
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Meiosis
32. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Sporophyte
Fertilization
Vaginal Canal
Sporophyte Generation
33. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
Prophase (Interphase)
Menstrual Cycle
Cotyledons
Mosses
34. Union of gametes
Interphase (Meiosis)
Asexual Reproduction
Internal Fertilization
Fertilization/Conjugation
35. Egg
Budding
Angiosperms
Ovulation
Ovum
36. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Single Mature Egg
Prophase I
Vegetative Propagation
Flower
37. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones
Angiosperms
Meristem Cells
Mature Ovum
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
38. Split to form several bulbs
Bulbs
Endosperm
Gonads
Chromatin
39. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)
Hermaphrodites
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Corona Radiata
Crossing Over
40. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Menstruation
Gametes
Metaphase (Interphase)
Spores
41. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants
Spore Formation
Cotyledons
Bulbs
Tubers
42. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Cervix
Telophase (Interphase)
Prophase I
Ovum
43. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Spores
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Cell Plate
External Fertilization
44. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Apical Meristem
Spermatozoa
Tubers
Partenogenesis
45. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Telophase (Interphase)
Testes
Sperm Travels...
46. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
Corpus Luteum
Plant vs. Animal cells
Apical Meristem
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
47. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries
Seed Coat
Oogenesis
Second Meiotic Division
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
48. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids
Gametes
Tubers
First Meiotic Division
Anther
49. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes
Spore Formation
Spermatids
Metaphase (Interphase)
Fertilization
50. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm
Ovulation
Cortical Reaction
Primary Spermatocytes
Female Sex Hormones