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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Ovulation
Sperm Travels...
Follicular phase
2. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Plant vs. Animal cells
Secondary Oocyte
Disjunction
Corona Radiata
3. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore
Urethra
Cell Division
Fertilization/Conjugation
Metaphase I
4. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Ferns
Acrosome
Sporophyte
Cervix
5. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes
Ovum
Fertilization/Conjugation
Testosterone
Secondary Oocyte
6. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Fertilization membrane
Karyokinesis
Head of Sperm
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
7. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Primary Oocytes
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Acrosome
Secondary Oocyte
8. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two
Bulbs
Cell Division
Oocytes
Cambium
9. Egg
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Ovum
Crossing Over
10. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
External Fertilization
Male Urethra
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Flagellum
11. Undergoes disjunction
Anaphase I
Acrosomal Process
Estrogens
Tubers
12. Uncoiled DNA
Chromatin
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Vegetative Propagation
Uterus
13. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Spermatozoa
Polar Body
Plant vs. Animal cells
Tetrad
14. A means of reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
Vaginal Canal
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Telophase (Interphase)
15. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicular phase
Estrogens
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Anther
16. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail
Immature ovum
Primary Oocytes
Spermatozoa
Urethra
17. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form
Partenogenesis
Ferns
Stamen
Cervix
18. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Mature Ovum
Stamen
Interphase (Meiosis)
Ovaries
19. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs
Single Mature Egg
Telophase (Interphase)
Internal Fertilization
Meiosis
20. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
oviduct
Apical Meristem
Estrogens
Cambium
21. Specialized sex cells
Primary Oocytes
Gametes
Internal Fertilization
Follicular phase
22. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone
Cell Plate
Testes
Chromatin
Female Sex Hormones
23. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles
Ovaries
Gametophyte Generation
Embryo
Prophase I
24. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Spermatozoa
Vaginal Canal
Telophase (Interphase)
Mitosis
25. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes
Spermatids
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Prophase (Interphase)
Internal Fertilization
26. Split to form several bulbs
Primary Spermatocytes
Bulbs
Cotyledons
Ovum
27. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Cell Division
Flower
External Fertilization
Prophase I
28. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Anaphase (Interphase)
Testes
Fertilization
Endosperm
29. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids
Interphase (Meiosis)
Corona Radiata
Ferns
Internal Fertilization
30. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Sporophyte Generation
Oocytes
Mature Ovum
Uterus
31. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip
Spermatogenesis
Urethra
Tubers
Single Mature Egg
32. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
Mature sperm
Spermatogenesis
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Prophase (Interphase)
33. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root
Filament
Hypocotyl
Mosses
Primary Spermatocytes
34. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Spermatogonia
Spermatogenesis
Single Mature Egg
35. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Ferns
Chromatin
Menstruation
Cell Division
36. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Spermatogenesis
Gonads
epicotyl
Spermatogonia
37. Menstrual flow
Female Sex Hormones
Primary Spermatocytes
Menses
Menstruation
38. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome
Testes
Mitosis
Second Meiotic Division
Sexual Reproduction Requires
39. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Vaginal Canal
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Oocytes
40. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Dicots
Asexual Reproduction
41. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Four Parts of Interphase
Gonads
Second Meiotic Division
42. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves
epicotyl
Secondary Spermatocytes
Urethra
Prophase (Interphase)
43. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Seed Coat
Vaginal Canal
Metaphase I
Spermatogenesis
44. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Estrogens
Karyokinesis
Fertilization
Four Parts of Interphase
45. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Vaginal Canal
Spermatids
Tubers
46. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Runners
Ovulation
Disjunction
47. Have one cotyledon
Spermatogenesis
Metaphase (Interphase)
Corpus Luteum
Monocots
48. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Scrotum
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Filament
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
49. Secretes estrogen and progesterone
Flagellum
Corpus Luteum
Telophase (Interphase)
Sperm Travels...
50. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Interphase (Meiosis)
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Flagellum
Acrosomal Process