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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






2. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






3. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






4. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






5. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






6. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






7. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






8. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






9. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






10. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






11. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






12. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






13. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






14. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






15. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






16. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






17. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






18. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






19. Female gonads that produce oocytes






20. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






21. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






22. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






23. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






24. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






25. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






26. Have one cotyledon






27. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






28. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






29. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






30. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






31. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






32. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






33. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






34. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






35. Union of gametes






36. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






37. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






38. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






39. Menstrual flow






40. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






41. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






42. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






43. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






44. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






45. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






46. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






47. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






48. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






49. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






50. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids