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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






2. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






3. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






4. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






5. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






6. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






7. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






8. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






9. A means of reproduction






10. Female gonads that produce oocytes






11. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






12. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






13. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






14. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






15. Part of embry that are seed leaves






16. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






17. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






18. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






19. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






20. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






21. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






22. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






23. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






24. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






25. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






26. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






27. Union of gametes






28. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






29. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






30. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






31. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






32. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






33. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






34. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






35. Specialized sex cells






36. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






37. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






38. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






39. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






40. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






41. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






42. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






43. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






44. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






45. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






46. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






47. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






48. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






49. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






50. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear