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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






2. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






3. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






4. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






5. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






6. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






7. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






8. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






9. Split to form several bulbs






10. Specialized sex cells






11. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






12. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






13. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






14. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






15. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






16. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






17. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






18. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






19. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






20. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






21. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






22. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






23. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






24. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






25. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






26. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






27. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






28. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






29. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






30. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






31. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






32. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






33. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






34. A means of reproduction






35. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






36. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






37. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






38. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






39. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






40. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






41. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






42. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






43. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






44. Female gonads that produce oocytes






45. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






46. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






47. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






48. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






49. Union of gametes






50. Cell division that follows karyokinesis







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