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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids
Uterus
First Meiotic Division
epicotyl
Testes
2. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Immature ovum
oviduct
Sexual Reproduction Requires
3. Egg
Vegetative Propagation
Menstrual Cycle
Angiosperms
Ovum
4. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Cortical Reaction
Mosses
Mitosis
Tubers
5. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Spermatogonia
Head of Sperm
Telophase I
Female Sex Hormones
6. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Partenogenesis
Spermatogenesis
Luteal Phase
Primary Oocytes
7. Split to form several bulbs
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Luteal Phase
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Bulbs
8. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Plant vs. Animal cells
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Filament
9. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Four Parts of Interphase
Rhizomes
Menstruation
10. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Four Parts of Interphase
Ovaries
Spermatogenesis
Menstruation
11. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome
Mitosis
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Flagellum
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
12. Have one cotyledon
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Ovulation
Cotyledons
Monocots
13. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles
Oogenesis
Spermatozoa
Sperm Travels...
Interphase
14. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Asexual Reproduction
Anaphase (Interphase)
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Gametes
15. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally
Fertilization membrane
Ovulation
Meiosis
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
16. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore
Metaphase I
Monocots
Sporophyte Generation
Follicular phase
17. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth
Menses
Polar Body
Zona Pellucida
Primary Oocytes
18. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Budding
Fertilization membrane
Karyokinesis
Female Sex Hormones
19. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Oogenesis
Second Meiotic Division
Vegetative Propagation
Testes
20. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes
Four Parts of Interphase
Spermatids
Oogenesis
epicotyl
21. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Scrotum
Second Meiotic Division
Immature ovum
Primary Spermatocytes
22. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes
Interphase
Ovulation
Menses
Meiosis
23. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs
Telophase (Interphase)
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Apical Meristem
Chromatin
24. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Female Sex Hormones
Estrogens
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Hypocotyl
25. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Second Meiotic Division
Mature Ovum
Telophase I
Follicular phase
26. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Centromere
Sexual Reproduction Requires
First Meiotic Division
Gonads
27. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides
Oocytes
Angiosperms
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Embryo
28. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
Gametes
Anaphase (Interphase)
Hermaphrodites
epicotyl
29. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm
Cortical Reaction
Crossing Over
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Regeneration
30. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part
Regeneration
Urethra
Karyokinesis
Menstrual Cycle
31. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Cytokinesis
Cotyledons
Fertilization membrane
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
32. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Interphase
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Tubers
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
33. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Spermatogenesis
Chromatin
34. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum
Mosses
Uterus
Fertilization
Metaphase I
35. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane
Zona Pellucida
Gametes
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
36. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Cell Plate
Ovum
Flower
Spermatids
37. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Menstruation
Follicle
oviduct
Ovum
38. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Asexual Reproduction
Flagellum
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Testes
39. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Filament
Angiosperms
40. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Centromere
Second Meiotic Division
Primary Spermatocytes
41. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Fertilization/Conjugation
Corona Radiata
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Tubers
42. Secretes estrogen and progesterone
Corpus Luteum
Meristem Cells
Corona Radiata
Rhizomes
43. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere
Anaphase I
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Telophase I
Fertilization
44. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Prophase (Interphase)
Cambium
Embryo
Centromere
45. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c
Crossing Over
Mitosis
Scrotum
Meiosis
46. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Telophase (Interphase)
Follicular phase
Anaphase I
Cell Division
47. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water
Rhizomes
Spores
Anaphase I
Primary Spermatocytes
48. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Chromatin
Ovulation
Endosperm
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
49. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Crossing Over
Flower
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Anaphase I
50. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Fertilization
Sporophyte Generation
Zona Pellucida