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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






2. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






3. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






4. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






5. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






6. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






7. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






8. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






9. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






10. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






11. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






12. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






13. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






14. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






15. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






16. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






17. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






18. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






19. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






20. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






21. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






22. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






23. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






24. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






25. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






26. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






27. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






28. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






29. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






30. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






31. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






32. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






33. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






34. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






35. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






36. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






37. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






38. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






39. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






40. Have both functional male and female gonads






41. Split to form several bulbs






42. Menstrual flow






43. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






44. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






45. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






46. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






47. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






48. Egg






49. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






50. A means of reproduction