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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






2. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






3. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






4. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






5. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






6. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






7. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






8. Specialized sex cells






9. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






10. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






11. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






12. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






13. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






14. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






15. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






16. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






17. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






18. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






19. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






20. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






21. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






22. A means of reproduction






23. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






24. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






25. Undergoes disjunction






26. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






27. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






28. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






29. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






30. Surrounded by two layers of cells






31. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






32. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






33. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






34. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






35. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






36. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






37. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






38. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






39. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






40. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






41. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






42. Female gonads that produce oocytes






43. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






44. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






45. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






46. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






47. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






48. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






49. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






50. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II