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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






2. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






3. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






4. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






5. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






6. Have one cotyledon






7. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






8. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






9. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






10. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






11. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






12. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






13. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






14. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






15. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






16. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






17. Surrounded by two layers of cells






18. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






19. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






20. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






21. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






22. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






23. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






24. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






25. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






26. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






27. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






28. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






29. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






30. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






31. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






32. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






33. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






34. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






35. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






36. Female gonads that produce oocytes






37. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






38. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






39. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






40. Split to form several bulbs






41. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






42. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






43. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






44. Part of embry that are seed leaves






45. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






46. Eggs






47. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






48. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






49. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






50. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase