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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Four Parts of Interphase
Progesterone
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Sperm Travels...
2. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
External Fertilization
Cervix
Telophase I
Partenogenesis
3. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Oogenesis
Follicular phase
Disjunction
Telophase I
4. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles
Angiosperms
Fertilization
Apical Meristem
Ovaries
5. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Spermatogenesis
Cambium
Acrosomal Process
Regeneration
6. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Menses
Spermatogonia
Centromere
7. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta
Plant vs. Animal cells
Fission
Spermatozoa
Ovulation
8. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate
Synapsis
Polar Body
Regeneration
Fertilization
9. Part of embry that are seed leaves
Corona Radiata
Cotyledons
First Meiotic Division
Secondary Oocyte
10. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
First Meiotic Division
Cervix
Prophase (Interphase)
Chromatin
11. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane
Ovulation
Oogenesis
Zona Pellucida
Crossing Over
12. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Follicular phase
Asexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction Requires
13. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part
Corona Radiata
Regeneration
Sporophyte
Anther
14. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Mosses
Oogenesis
Fertilization
Testes
15. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Mature Ovum
Four Parts of Interphase
Menses
Seed Coat
16. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation
Bulbs
Sporophyte Generation
Primary Spermatocytes
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
17. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Menses
Scrotum
Ferns
Vegetative Propagation
18. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium
Zona Pellucida
Mitosis
Progesterone
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
19. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Telophase I
Acrosome
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Seed Coat
20. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Oogenesis
Flagellum
Synapsis
Cortical Reaction
21. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Karyokinesis
Endosperm
Estrogens
Spermatozoa
22. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Cervix
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Internal Fertilization
23. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes
Metaphase (Interphase)
Fertilization
Runners
Meiosis
24. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum
Single Mature Egg
Fertilization
Spermatogenesis
Ovulation
25. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries
Corpus Luteum
Anaphase (Interphase)
Female Sex Hormones
Zona Pellucida
26. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Spores
Corpus Luteum
Head of Sperm
Oogenesis
27. Split to form several bulbs
Sperm Travels...
Bulbs
Filament
Anther
28. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Testosterone
First Meiotic Division
Tetrad
Spermatozoa
29. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
Endosperm
Seed Coat
Crossing Over
Anaphase (Interphase)
30. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries
Runners
Hypocotyl
Synapsis
Single Mature Egg
31. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Tetrad
Prophase (Interphase)
Regeneration
Corona Radiata
32. Have one cotyledon
Fertilization
Primary Spermatocytes
Sporophyte Generation
Monocots
33. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell
Budding
Follicle
Sperm Travels...
Menstrual Cycle
34. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Secondary Oocyte
Male Urethra
Sporophyte Generation
Polar Body
35. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Ovaries
Ovulation
Ferns
Uterus
36. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Fission
Luteal Phase
Spermatids
Menses
37. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Corona Radiata
Testosterone
Endosperm
Hermaphrodites
38. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Monocots
Spermatogenesis
Metaphase (Interphase)
Sperm Travels...
39. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Spermatogenesis
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Follicular phase
Vaginal Canal
40. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body
Endosperm
Mature sperm
Sexual Reproduction Requires
epicotyl
41. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Asexual Reproduction
Flower
Mature sperm
Gonads
42. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c
Crossing Over
Interphase
Head of Sperm
Male Urethra
43. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Menses
Endosperm
Cambium
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
44. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth
Seed Coat
Primary Oocytes
epicotyl
Acrosomal Process
45. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes
Disjunction
Luteal Phase
Spermatids
Cortical Reaction
46. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth
Vaginal Canal
Spermatogonia
Primary Oocytes
Zona Pellucida
47. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail
Progesterone
Fission
Spermatozoa
Spermatogonia
48. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries
Embryo
Oogenesis
Zona Pellucida
Progesterone
49. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicle
Hermaphrodites
Meristems
Follicular phase
50. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Corpus Luteum
Uterus
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Fission