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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






2. Split to form several bulbs






3. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






4. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






5. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






6. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






7. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






8. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






9. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






10. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






11. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






12. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






13. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






14. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






15. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






16. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






17. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






18. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






19. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






20. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






21. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






22. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






23. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






24. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






25. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






26. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






27. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






28. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






29. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






30. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






31. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






32. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






33. Egg






34. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






35. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






36. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






37. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






38. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






39. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






40. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






41. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






42. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






43. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






44. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






45. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






46. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






47. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






48. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






49. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






50. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle