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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival
Fertilization/Conjugation
Scrotum
Testosterone
Male Urethra
2. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Menses
Mosses
Spermatogenesis
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
3. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
External Fertilization
Head of Sperm
Prophase I
4. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones
Tetrad
Dicots
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Plant vs. Animal cells
5. Eggs
Disjunction
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Acrosomal Process
Oocytes
6. Undergoes disjunction
Hermaphrodites
External Fertilization
Runners
Anaphase I
7. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore
Metaphase I
First Meiotic Division
Vegetative Propagation
Telophase (Interphase)
8. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Mosses
Cortical Reaction
Head of Sperm
9. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Hypocotyl
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Spermatogenesis
Single Mature Egg
10. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Second Meiotic Division
Mature Ovum
Ovaries
Partenogenesis
11. A means of reproduction
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Uterus
12. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Mitosis
Tubers
First Meiotic Division
Follicular phase
13. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Luteal Phase
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Disjunction
Regeneration
14. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Estrogens
Hermaphrodites
Acrosomal Process
Menses
15. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr
Zona Pellucida
Interphase
Tubers
Spermatids
16. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles
Menses
Immature ovum
Zona Pellucida
Oogenesis
17. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Gametophyte Generation
Cervix
Uterus
Sporophyte
18. Have one cotyledon
Metaphase (Interphase)
Monocots
Tubers
Acrosomal Process
19. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra
Sperm Travels...
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Follicle
Four Parts of Interphase
20. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Meristems
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Sporophyte
Testes
21. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Budding
Fission
Asexual Reproduction
Anaphase I
22. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Filament
Luteal Phase
Four Parts of Interphase
First Meiotic Division
23. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Follicle
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
24. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Follicle
Menstruation
Synapsis
Primary Oocytes
25. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Prophase I
Progesterone
26. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Acrosomal Process
Telophase I
Rhizomes
27. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome
Head of Sperm
Mitosis
Tubers
Menstruation
28. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Angiosperms
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Mitosis
Corpus Luteum
29. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes
Spermatogonia
Spermatids
Plant vs. Animal cells
Telophase (Interphase)
30. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum
Fertilization
Mosses
Oocytes
Meristems
31. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Cytokinesis
Male Urethra
Acrosomal Process
Anaphase I
32. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Secondary Oocyte
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Head of Sperm
Scrotum
33. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries
Flagellum
Meristem Cells
Single Mature Egg
Oocyte Cell Membrane
34. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root
Rhizomes
Hypocotyl
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Tetrad
35. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Disjunction
oviduct
Acrosome
Flagellum
36. Have both functional male and female gonads
Polar Body
Spermatogenesis
Hermaphrodites
Monocots
37. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part
Regeneration
Embryo
Interphase (Meiosis)
Secondary Spermatocytes
38. Split to form several bulbs
Anaphase (Interphase)
Bulbs
Karyokinesis
Anther
39. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Estrogens
Flower
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
Filament
40. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Runners
Uterus
Cotyledons
Fission
41. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Corona Radiata
First Meiotic Division
Testes
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
42. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants
Follicle
Anther
Cytokinesis
Tubers
43. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Uterus
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Gonads
Testes
44. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Estrogens
Fertilization/Conjugation
Anaphase (Interphase)
First Meiotic Division
45. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes
Menstrual Cycle
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Ovulation
Stamen
46. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Prophase I
Primary Spermatocytes
Runners
Fertilization membrane
47. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Follicle
Ferns
Vaginal Canal
Ovaries
48. Menstrual flow
Menstruation
Regeneration
Corona Radiata
Menses
49. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone
Testes
Partenogenesis
Second Meiotic Division
First Meiotic Division
50. Specialized sex cells
Gametes
Spore Formation
Disjunction
Progesterone