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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






2. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






3. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






4. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






5. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






6. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






7. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






8. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






9. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






10. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






11. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






12. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






13. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






14. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






15. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






16. Have both functional male and female gonads






17. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






18. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






19. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






20. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






21. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






22. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






23. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






24. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






25. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






26. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






27. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






28. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






29. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






30. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






31. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






32. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






33. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






34. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






35. Part of embry that are seed leaves






36. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






37. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






38. A means of reproduction






39. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






40. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






41. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






42. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






43. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






44. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






45. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






46. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






47. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






48. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






49. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






50. Split to form several bulbs