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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






2. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






3. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






4. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






5. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






6. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






7. Undergoes disjunction






8. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






9. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






10. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






11. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






12. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






13. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






14. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






15. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






16. Specialized sex cells






17. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






18. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






19. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






20. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






21. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






22. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






23. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






24. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






25. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






26. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






27. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






28. Part of embry that are seed leaves






29. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






30. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






31. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






32. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






33. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






34. Union of gametes






35. Egg






36. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






37. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






38. Split to form several bulbs






39. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






40. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






41. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






42. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






43. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






44. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






45. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






46. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






47. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






48. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






49. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






50. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm