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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






2. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






3. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






4. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






5. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






6. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






7. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






8. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






9. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






10. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






11. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






12. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






13. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






14. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






15. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






16. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






17. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






18. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






19. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






20. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






21. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






22. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






23. Surrounded by two layers of cells






24. A means of reproduction






25. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






26. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






27. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






28. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






29. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






30. Female gonads that produce oocytes






31. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






32. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






33. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






34. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






35. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






36. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






37. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






38. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






39. Egg






40. Specialized sex cells






41. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






42. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






43. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






44. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






45. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






46. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






47. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






48. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






49. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






50. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine