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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






2. Union of gametes






3. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






4. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






5. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






6. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






7. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






8. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






9. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






10. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






11. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






12. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






13. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






14. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






15. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






16. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






17. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






18. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






19. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






20. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






21. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






22. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






23. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






24. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






25. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






26. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






27. Part of embry that are seed leaves






28. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






29. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






30. Have one cotyledon






31. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






32. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






33. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






34. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






35. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






36. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






37. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






38. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






39. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






40. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






41. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






42. Female gonads that produce oocytes






43. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






44. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






45. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






46. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






47. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






48. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






49. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






50. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr