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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Urethra
Flagellum
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Meristems
2. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Testes
Stamen
Second Meiotic Division
3. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Acrosome
Hypocotyl
Spermatogenesis
Vaginal Canal
4. Secretes estrogen and progesterone
Synapsis
Corpus Luteum
Cotyledons
Metaphase (Interphase)
5. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo
Spermatogonia
Tubers
Mature Ovum
Hermaphrodites
6. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere
Progesterone
Fertilization
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Telophase I
7. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally
Secondary Oocyte
Metaphase (Interphase)
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Testosterone
8. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Testes
Oocytes
External Fertilization
Gametes
9. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries
Flower
Oogenesis
Hermaphrodites
Menstruation
10. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Vegetative Propagation
Menses
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Flagellum
11. Reproductive structure of angiosperms
Zona Pellucida
Flower
Spermatogonia
Interphase (Meiosis)
12. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries
Single Mature Egg
Spermatogenesis
Spermatogonia
Mature Ovum
13. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves
Plant vs. Animal cells
Primary Spermatocytes
epicotyl
Gonads
14. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus
Menstrual Cycle
Telophase (Interphase)
Gonads
oviduct
15. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Follicle
Fertilization membrane
Interphase (Meiosis)
16. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra
Testes
Fertilization/Conjugation
Sperm Travels...
Cell Plate
17. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Follicular phase
Spermatogonia
Embryo
Mature Ovum
18. Egg
Bulbs
Ovum
Menstrual Cycle
Meristems
19. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually
Cell Division
Telophase (Interphase)
Fission
Gametophyte Generation
20. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe
Secondary Spermatocytes
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Mature Ovum
Four Parts of Interphase
21. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Uterus
Cotyledons
Meristems
Acrosome
22. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth
Plant vs. Animal cells
Primary Oocytes
Runners
Telophase (Interphase)
23. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils
Meristems
Uterus
Oocytes
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
24. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Plant vs. Animal cells
Immature ovum
Gonads
Embryo
25. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Fertilization/Conjugation
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Testes
26. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Hypocotyl
Prophase I
Bulbs
Gametophyte Generation
27. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Angiosperms
Ovaries
Plant vs. Animal cells
Primary Oocytes
28. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium
Ovum
Sperm Travels...
Spermatogonia
Progesterone
29. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Interphase
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
Testes
30. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta
Endosperm
Fission
Interphase (Meiosis)
Runners
31. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction
Gametophyte Generation
Metaphase I
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Meristem Cells
32. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Asexual Reproduction
Prophase (Interphase)
Angiosperms
Plant vs. Animal cells
33. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Spores
Spermatids
Cortical Reaction
34. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
External Fertilization
Secondary Spermatocytes
Plant vs. Animal cells
Monocots
35. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels
External Fertilization
Ovulation
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Centromere
36. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Runners
Seed Coat
Filament
Dicots
37. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation
Testes
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Menstrual Cycle
Second Meiotic Division
38. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Secondary Spermatocytes
Uterus
Mosses
Hypocotyl
39. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Metaphase (Interphase)
Spermatozoa
Regeneration
Corona Radiata
40. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Plant vs. Animal cells
Cell Plate
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Hypocotyl
41. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
Prophase (Interphase)
Cell Division
Hermaphrodites
Sporophyte
42. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Anther
Tetrad
Chromatin
Prophase I
43. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Interphase (Meiosis)
Monocots
44. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Vegetative Propagation
Karyokinesis
Cambium
Angiosperms
45. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate
Mosses
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Vaginal Canal
Polar Body
46. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Second Meiotic Division
Secondary Oocyte
Luteal Phase
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
47. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Endosperm
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Cytokinesis
Gametophyte Generation
48. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen
Internal Fertilization
Bulbs
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Follicle
49. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Cambium
Spermatozoa
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Stamen
50. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Bulbs
Corona Radiata
Oocytes
Acrosomal Process