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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






2. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






3. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






4. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






5. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






6. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






7. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






8. Have one cotyledon






9. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






10. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






11. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






12. A means of reproduction






13. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






14. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






15. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






16. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






17. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






18. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






19. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






20. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






21. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






22. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






23. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






24. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






25. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






26. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






27. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






28. Menstrual flow






29. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






30. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






31. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






32. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






33. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






34. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






35. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






36. Specialized sex cells






37. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






38. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






39. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






40. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






41. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






42. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






43. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






44. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






45. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






46. Union of gametes






47. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






48. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






49. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






50. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body