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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






2. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






3. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






4. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






5. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






6. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






7. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






8. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






9. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






10. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






11. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






12. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






13. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






14. Egg






15. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






16. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






17. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






18. Uncoiled DNA






19. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






20. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






21. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






22. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






23. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






24. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






25. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






26. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






27. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






28. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






29. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






30. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






31. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






32. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






33. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






34. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






35. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






36. Specialized sex cells






37. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






38. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






39. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






40. Have one cotyledon






41. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






42. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






43. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






44. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






45. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






46. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






47. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






48. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






49. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






50. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents