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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Cell Plate
Vegetative Propagation
Sporophyte
Seed Coat
2. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr
Urethra
Monocots
Prophase (Interphase)
Angiosperms
3. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum
Acrosome
Karyokinesis
Meiosis
Metaphase (Interphase)
4. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes
Cortical Reaction
Asexual Reproduction
Spermatogonia
Meiosis
5. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Cortical Reaction
Vaginal Canal
6. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs
Apical Meristem
Vaginal Canal
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Metaphase I
7. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally
Scrotum
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Fertilization
Ovulation
8. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Spores
Spermatogonia
Follicular phase
Single Mature Egg
9. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta
Hermaphrodites
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Luteal Phase
Fertilization
10. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Asexual Reproduction
Luteal Phase
Sperm Travels...
Acrosomal Process
11. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Flagellum
Ovum
Estrogens
Anaphase (Interphase)
12. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -
Telophase I
Asexual Reproduction
Vaginal Canal
Regeneration
13. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Ovaries
Crossing Over
Primary Spermatocytes
Oocytes
14. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Oogenesis
Secondary Oocyte
Cell Plate
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
15. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water
Asexual Reproduction
Spores
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Disjunction
16. Have one cotyledon
Bulbs
Fission
Monocots
Sexual Reproduction Requires
17. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Spores
Primary Spermatocytes
Crossing Over
Filament
18. Secretes estrogen and progesterone
Corpus Luteum
Progesterone
Rhizomes
Ovaries
19. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Tubers
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Uterus
Sperm Travels...
20. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Asexual Reproduction
oviduct
21. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)
Hypocotyl
Oogenesis
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Secondary Oocyte
22. Nuclear division and followed by cell division
Karyokinesis
Testes
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
23. Eggs
Sporophyte Generation
Oocytes
Gametes
Flagellum
24. Part of embry that are seed leaves
Progesterone
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Cotyledons
Polar Body
25. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re
Asexual Reproduction
Fission
Menstrual Cycle
Telophase (Interphase)
26. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems
Angiosperms
Spore Formation
Rhizomes
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
27. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell
Budding
Menstrual Cycle
Acrosomal Process
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
28. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell
Follicular phase
Cytokinesis
Metaphase (Interphase)
Interphase
29. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Vegetative Propagation
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Cambium
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
30. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves
Tetrad
epicotyl
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Ovum
31. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones
Hypocotyl
Seed Coat
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Endosperm
32. Surrounded by two layers of cells
Oocyte Cell Membrane
Testosterone
Anther
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
33. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction
Primary Spermatocytes
Dicots
Meristem Cells
Testes
34. Specialized sex cells
Fertilization membrane
Gametes
Female Sex Hormones
Secondary Spermatocytes
35. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Anther
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Spermatogonia
Mosses
36. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Head of Sperm
oviduct
Uterus
37. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Fertilization membrane
Uterus
Menstruation
Menses
38. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes
Crossing Over
Mosses
Gametes
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
39. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore
Metaphase I
Spermatogenesis
Ovulation
Immature ovum
40. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles
Ovaries
Polar Body
Immature ovum
Follicle
41. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus
Embryo
Urethra
oviduct
Sexual Reproduction Requires
42. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes
Karyokinesis
Menstrual Cycle
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
43. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Endosperm
Metaphase I
Centromere
44. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Secondary Spermatocytes
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Cell Plate
45. Split to form several bulbs
Bulbs
Hypocotyl
Corona Radiata
Acrosomal Process
46. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail
Second Meiotic Division
Spermatozoa
Mature sperm
Cortical Reaction
47. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm
Fertilization membrane
Dicots
Cytokinesis
Acrosome
48. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
epicotyl
Anaphase (Interphase)
Vegetative Propagation
Spermatids
49. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides
Cervix
Spermatozoa
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Embryo
50. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Bulbs
Mitosis
Fertilization membrane
Meristem Cells