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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






2. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






3. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






4. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






5. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






6. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






7. Split to form several bulbs






8. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






9. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






10. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






11. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






12. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






13. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






14. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






15. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






16. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






17. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






18. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






19. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






20. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






21. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






22. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






23. Surrounded by two layers of cells






24. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






25. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






26. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






27. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






28. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






29. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






30. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






31. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






32. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






33. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






34. Have one cotyledon






35. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






36. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






37. Part of embry that are seed leaves






38. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






39. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






40. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






41. Union of gametes






42. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






43. Have both functional male and female gonads






44. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






45. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






46. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






47. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






48. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






49. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






50. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems