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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate
Gametophyte Generation
Gametes
Polar Body
Natural Vegatative Propagation
2. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell
Single Mature Egg
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Metaphase (Interphase)
Natural Vegatative Propagation
3. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium
Estrogens
Cytokinesis
Primary Oocytes
Anaphase (Interphase)
4. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Urethra
Zona Pellucida
Filament
Gametes
5. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Meiosis
Menstruation
Primary Oocytes
Gonads
6. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)
Follicle
Menses
Testosterone
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
7. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes
Secondary Spermatocytes
Ovum
Interphase (Meiosis)
Scrotum
8. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane
Luteal Phase
Fission
Partenogenesis
Cell Plate
9. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root
Plant vs. Animal cells
Ovaries
Follicle
Hypocotyl
10. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
Zona Pellucida
Prophase I
Telophase I
Mitosis
11. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Cervix
Luteal Phase
Mitosis
Internal Fertilization
12. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore
Estrogens
Progesterone
Acrosomal Process
Metaphase I
13. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
External Fertilization
Fertilization
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Cytokinesis
14. Egg
Male Urethra
Uterus
Telophase I
Ovum
15. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Synapsis
Four Parts of Interphase
Metaphase I
Progesterone
16. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes
Meristem Cells
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Endosperm
17. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Tetrad
Testes
Cell Plate
18. Uncoiled DNA
Spore Formation
Regeneration
Male Urethra
Chromatin
19. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries
Single Mature Egg
Filament
Luteal Phase
Fertilization
20. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Menses
Luteal Phase
Primary Spermatocytes
Acrosome
21. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two
Cell Plate
Cell Division
Cotyledons
Monocots
22. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote
Fertilization membrane
Cambium
Anaphase I
Oocytes
23. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation
Menstruation
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Metaphase (Interphase)
Anaphase I
24. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Oogenesis
Vaginal Canal
25. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction
Vegetative Propagation
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Spores
Menses
26. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation
Endosperm
Single Mature Egg
Menses
Secondary Oocyte
27. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta
Progesterone
Fertilization
Fission
Internal Fertilization
28. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
Scrotum
First Meiotic Division
Anaphase (Interphase)
Filament
29. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium
Menstruation
Seed Coat
Apical Meristem
Progesterone
30. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
Primary Oocytes
Plant vs. Animal cells
Testes
Budding
31. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form
Anaphase (Interphase)
Ferns
Second Meiotic Division
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
32. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
Menstruation
Regeneration
Luteal Phase
Stamen
33. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Spermatogonia
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
Uterus
34. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Spermatozoa
Secondary Oocyte
Anther
35. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Mitosis
Flagellum
Cambium
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
36. Specialized sex cells
Cervix
Gametes
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
Artificial Vegetative Propagation
37. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule
Centromere
Corpus Luteum
Ferns
Seed Coat
38. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size
Anther
Primary Spermatocytes
Spermatogonia
Internal Fertilization
39. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes
Zona Pellucida
Spermatogenesis
Menses
Sporophyte
40. Have one cotyledon
Hermaphrodites
Stamen
Monocots
Uterus
41. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Plant vs. Animal cells
Follicular phase
Corona Radiata
42. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems
Rhizomes
Cell Division
Ovum
Asexual Reproduction
43. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides
Cell Plate
Oogenesis
Runners
Embryo
44. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem
Cambium
Gametophyte Generation
Karyokinesis
Sexual Reproduction Requires
45. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II
Embryo
Acrosomal Process
Endosperm
Mitosis
46. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Crossing Over
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Gonads
Disjunction
47. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Mitosis
Partenogenesis
Chromatin
First Meiotic Division
48. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally
Testes
Spermatogenesis
Polar Body
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
49. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Cytokinesis
Male Urethra
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
50. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Bulbs
Internal Fertilization
Fission
Sexual Reproduction in Animals