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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






2. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






3. Part of embry that are seed leaves






4. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






5. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






6. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






7. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






8. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






9. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






10. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






11. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






12. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






13. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






14. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






15. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






16. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






17. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






18. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






19. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






20. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






21. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






22. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






23. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






24. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






25. Have both functional male and female gonads






26. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






27. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






28. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






29. Female gonads that produce oocytes






30. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






31. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






32. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






33. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






34. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






35. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






36. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






37. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






38. Specialized sex cells






39. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






40. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






41. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






42. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






43. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






44. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






45. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






46. Eggs






47. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






48. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






49. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






50. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium