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Test your basic knowledge |
PCAT Biology Reproduction
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Subjects
:
pcat
,
biology
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Union of gametes
oviduct
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Fertilization/Conjugation
Head of Sperm
2. Specialized organs where gametes are produced
Vegetative Propagation
Gonads
Sporophyte
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
3. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids
Testosterone
Spermatogonia
Tetrad
Acrosomal Process
4. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther
Testosterone
Testes
Filament
Male Urethra
5. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells
Oogenesis
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Cellular Division (Multicellular Organisms)
Oogenesis
6. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen
Follicular phase
Anaphase (Interphase)
Sperm Travels...
Rhizomes
7. Diploid cells of spermatogonia
Oocytes
Embryo
Spermatogenesis
Primary Spermatocytes
8. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are
Spermatids
Menstruation
Anaphase (Interphase)
Polar Body
9. Eggs
Corona Radiata
Oocytes
Four Parts of Interphase
Partenogenesis
10. Have both functional male and female gonads
Hermaphrodites
Zona Pellucida
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Hypocotyl
11. Female gonads that produce oocytes
Spermatogenesis
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Ovaries
Gametes
12. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries
Female Sex Hormones
Endosperm
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Fission
13. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -
Sexual Reproduction Requires
Corona Radiata
Budding
Plant vs. Animal cells
14. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal
Gametes
Follicular phase
Prophase I
Cervix
15. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes
Bulbs
Testosterone
Vegetative Propagation
Progesterone
16. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine
Synapsis
Karyokinesis
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
Cortical Reaction
17. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes
Gametes
Testes
Metaphase Plate (Interphase)
Sexual Reproductive Mechanisms
18. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number
Testosterone
Spores
Second Meiotic Division
Anaphase (Interphase)
19. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Spore Formation
Meisosis vs. Mitosis
External Fertilization
Spermatogenesis
20. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to
Cortical Reaction
Acrosomal Process
Natural Vegatative Propagation
Corona Radiata
21. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably
Prophase (Interphase)
Plant vs. Animal cells
External Fertilization
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
22. Undifferentiated tissues in plants
Crossing Over
Meristems
Ovum
Gonads
23. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles
Ovum
Oogenesis
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Progesterone
24. Split to form several bulbs
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Bulbs
Menstruation
Interphase (Meiosis)
25. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo
Spermatozoa
Testes
Endosperm
Scrotum
26. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament
oviduct
Fission
Stamen
Hypocotyl
27. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome
Fertilization
Interphase
Disjunction
Sperm Travels...
28. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents
Cortical Reaction
Internal Fertilization
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
29. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth
Ovum
Primary Oocytes
Luteal Phase
Flower
30. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane
Apical Meristem
Flagellum
Corona Radiata
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
31. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses
Disjunction
Internal Fertilization
Stamen
Menstruation
32. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally
Anaphase (Interphase)
Crossing Over
Prophase (Interphase)
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
33. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems
Spermatogonia
Stamen
Oocytes
Male Urethra
34. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism
Crossing Over
Partenogenesis
Cellular Division (Unicellular Organisms)
epicotyl
35. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos
Monozygotic (identical) Twins
Mature sperm
Tubers
Interphase
36. Uncoiled DNA
Chromatin
Rhizomes
Mature sperm
Cell Division
37. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Spermatogenesis
Testes
Sexual Reproduction Requires
38. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus
Stamen
oviduct
Fertilization
Mature Ovum
39. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time
Seed Coat
Synapsis
Angiosperms
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins
40. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils
Menstrual Cycle
First Meiotic Division
Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
Menstruation
41. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes
Seed Coat
Fertilization/Conjugation
Fertilization membrane
Natural Vegatative Propagation
42. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two
Head of Sperm
Mature Ovum
Cervix
Cell Division
43. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones
Female Sex Hormones
Spermatogonia
Cervix
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
44. Undergoes disjunction
Spores
Anaphase I
Uterus
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
45. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root
Estrogens
Primary Spermatocytes
Hypocotyl
Cytokinesis (Interphase)
46. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion
Primary Spermatocytes
Hypocotyl
Flagellum
Synapsis
47. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems
Four Parts of Interphase
Rhizomes
Fertilization
Ovulation
48. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water
Acrosome
Estrogens
hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin)
Spores
49. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium
Vegetative Propagation
Stamen
Mitosis
Progesterone
50. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles
Cell Plate
Ovulation
Ovaries
Anaphase I
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