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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






2. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






3. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






4. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






5. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






6. Undergoes disjunction






7. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






8. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






9. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






10. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






11. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






12. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






13. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






14. Have one cotyledon






15. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






16. Surrounded by two layers of cells






17. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






18. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






19. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






20. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






21. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






22. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






23. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






24. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






25. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






26. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






27. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






28. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






29. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






30. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






31. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






32. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






33. Eggs






34. Female gonads that produce oocytes






35. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






36. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






37. Menstrual flow






38. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






39. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






40. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






41. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






42. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






43. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






44. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






45. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






46. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






47. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






48. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






49. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






50. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes