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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Union of gametes






2. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






3. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






4. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






5. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






6. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






7. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






8. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






9. Surrounded by two layers of cells






10. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






11. Have one cotyledon






12. Egg






13. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






14. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






15. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






16. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






17. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






18. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






19. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






20. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






21. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






22. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






23. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






24. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






25. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






26. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






27. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






28. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






29. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






30. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






31. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






32. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






33. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






34. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






35. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






36. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






37. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






38. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






39. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






40. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






41. Eggs






42. Have both functional male and female gonads






43. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






44. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






45. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






46. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






47. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






48. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






49. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






50. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm