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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






2. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






3. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






4. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






5. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






6. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






7. Surrounded by two layers of cells






8. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






9. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






10. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






11. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






12. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






13. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






14. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






15. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






16. Specialized sex cells






17. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






18. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






19. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






20. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






21. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






22. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






23. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






24. Split to form several bulbs






25. Menstrual flow






26. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






27. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






28. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






29. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






30. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






31. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






32. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






33. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






34. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






35. Egg






36. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






37. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






38. Undergoes disjunction






39. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






40. Female gonads that produce oocytes






41. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






42. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






43. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






44. Union of gametes






45. Have both functional male and female gonads






46. A means of reproduction






47. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






48. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






49. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






50. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum