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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






2. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






3. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






4. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






5. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






6. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






7. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






8. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






9. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






10. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






11. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






12. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






13. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






14. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






15. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






16. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






17. Undergoes disjunction






18. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






19. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






20. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






21. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






22. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






23. Union of gametes






24. Part of embryo that grows and feeds the embryo






25. Specialized sex cells






26. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






27. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






28. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






29. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






30. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






31. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






32. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






33. Uncoiled DNA






34. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






35. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






36. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






37. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






38. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






39. Female gonads that produce oocytes






40. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






41. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






42. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






43. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






44. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






45. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






46. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






47. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






48. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






49. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






50. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule