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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






2. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






3. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






4. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






5. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






6. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






7. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






8. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






9. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






10. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






11. Have one cotyledon






12. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






13. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






14. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






15. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






16. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






17. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






18. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






19. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






20. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






21. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






22. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






23. Female gonads that produce oocytes






24. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






25. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






26. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






27. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






28. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






29. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






30. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






31. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






32. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






33. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






34. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






35. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






36. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






37. Surrounded by two layers of cells






38. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






39. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






40. Specialized sex cells






41. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






42. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






43. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






44. Part of embry that are seed leaves






45. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






46. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






47. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






48. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






49. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






50. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere