Test your basic knowledge |

PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






2. A means of reproduction






3. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






4. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






5. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






6. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






7. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






8. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






9. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






10. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction






11. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






12. Female gonads that produce oocytes






13. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






14. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






15. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






16. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






17. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






18. Part of embryo that is the precursor of the upper stem and leaves






19. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






20. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






21. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






22. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






23. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






24. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






25. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






26. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






27. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






28. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






29. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






30. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






31. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






32. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






33. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






34. Menstrual flow






35. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






36. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






37. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






38. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






39. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






40. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






41. Split to form several bulbs






42. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






43. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






44. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






45. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






46. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






47. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






48. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






49. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






50. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip