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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






2. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






3. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






4. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






5. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






6. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






7. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






8. The process by which a cell doubles its organelles and cytoplasm - replicates its DNA - and then divides into two






9. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






10. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






11. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






12. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






13. Split to form several bulbs






14. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






15. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






16. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






17. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






18. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






19. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






20. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






21. Formed due to cortical reaction -hard layer that surrounds the ovum cell membrane and prevents multiple fertilizations -Followed by the fusion of sperm nucleus and form a diploid zygote






22. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






23. Located on scrotum -site for testosterone






24. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






25. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






26. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






27. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






28. Four haploid cells produced from the second meiotic division after secondary spermatocytes






29. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






30. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






31. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






32. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






33. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






34. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






35. Released from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and drawn into the nearby oviduct






36. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






37. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






38. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






39. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






40. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






41. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






42. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






43. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






44. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






45. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






46. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






47. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






48. Undergoes disjunction






49. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






50. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules