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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






2. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






3. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






4. Egg






5. Chromatin condenses into chromosomes - the spindle apparatus forms - and the nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear






6. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






7. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere






8. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






9. Daughter cells of unequal size produced from one primary oocyte per month completes meiosis I -expelled from the follicle during ovulation






10. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






11. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






12. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






13. Split to form several bulbs






14. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






15. Uncoiled DNA






16. Result when two ova are released in one ovarian cycle and are fertilized by two different sperm






17. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water






18. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo






19. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






20. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






21. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






22. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






23. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






24. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






25. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






26. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






27. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






28. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






29. (In Anaphase I) homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell -accounts for a fundamental Mendelian Law -each chromosome of paternal origin separates (or disjoins) from its homologue of maternal origin - and either chromosome






30. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






31. A means of reproduction






32. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






33. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






34. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






35. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






36. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






37. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






38. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






39. Result when a single zygote splits into two embryos






40. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






41. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






42. Female gonads that produce oocytes






43. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






44. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






45. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






46. Specialized sex cells






47. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






48. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






49. Surrounded by two layers of cells






50. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems