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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






2. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






3. Eggs






4. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






5. Consists almost entirely of the nucleus - which contains the paternal genome






6. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






7. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






8. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






9. Outer layer of oocyte cell membrane






10. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






11. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






12. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries






13. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






14. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development






15. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






16. Specialized organs where gametes are produced






17. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






18. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






19. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






20. After ovulation - LH induces the ruptured follicle to develop into the corpus luteum






21. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






22. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






23. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






24. Sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






25. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






26. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes






27. Practiced by terrestrial vertebrates and provides a direct route for sperm to reach the egg cell -increased chance for fertilization success and females produce fewer eggs






28. Menstrual flow






29. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






30. Split to form several bulbs






31. Occurs midway through the cycle -a mature ovarian follicle bursts and releases an ovum -caused by a surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) that is preceded - and in part caused - by a peak in estrogen levels






32. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






33. Very similar to mitosis - except that meiosis II is not preceded by chromosomal replication -chromosomes align at the equator - separate and move to opposite poles - and are surrounded by a reformed nuclear membrane -new cells have the haploid number






34. Have both functional male and female gonads






35. Male gonads - produce sperm in the tightly coiled seminiferous tubules






36. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






37. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






38. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






39. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






40. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






41. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






42. Differs from asexual reproduction in that there are two parents involved and the end result is a geneticaly unique offspring -fusion of two gametes






43. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






44. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






45. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






46. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






47. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






48. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






49. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






50. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water