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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






2. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






3. Haploid gametophyte gneration produces gametes by mitosis -gametophytes reproduce sexually - whereas the sporophyte gneration reproduces asexually






4. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






5. Found in the abdominal cavity - below the digestive system -consist of thousands of follicles






6. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






7. Lower - narrow end of the uterus -connects with the vaginal canal






8. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






9. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






10. Thin and stalk like with a terminal sac called the anther






11. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






12. Ex: estrogens and progesterone -synthesized by ovaries






13. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






14. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






15. Comlex process involving the formation and fertilization of gametes and regulation of these processes by bot parents






16. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






17. Production of offspring without fertilization -form new organisms by a single parent cell -offspring are genetic carbon copies of their parent cells -genetically identical to the parent cells (except mutations) -ex: fission - budding - regeneration -






18. The spindle apparatus disappears. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of newly formed chromosomes. Thus - each nucleus contains the same number of chromosomes (the diploid number 2n) as the original or parent nucleus. The chromosomes uncoil - re






19. Centriole pairs are now at opposite poles of the cell






20. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably






21. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






22. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






23. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






24. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






25. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






26. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






27. Egg






28. Uncoiled DNA






29. First barrier that the sperm must penetrate -enzymes secreted by the sperm aid in penetration of the corona radiata -arosome is responsible for penetrating the zona pellucida; it releases enzymes that digest this layer - thereby allowing the sperm to






30. Stems running above and along the gorund - extending form the main stem -can produce new roots and upright stems






31. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






32. Pass from the testes through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and then to the urethra






33. Spore formation - vegetative propagation - and Artificial Vegetative Propagation






34. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






35. Eggs






36. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






37. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






38. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






39. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






40. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






41. Caplike structure - derived from the Golgi apparatus - develops over the anterior half of the head -contains enzymes needed to penetrate the tough outer covering of the ovum






42. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






43. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






44. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






45. Immature ova -all that a female will produce during her lifetime are already in her ovaries at birth






46. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






47. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






48. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






49. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






50. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes