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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When a diploid sporophyte generation produces ahaploid (monoploid) spore by meiosis - spores divide by mitosis to produce the haploid - or gametophyte - generation






2. The development of an unfertilized egg into an adult organism






3. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






4. Produced when one diploid primary female sex cell undergoes meiosis in the ovaries






5. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






6. Reproductive structure of angiosperms






7. (In Prophase I) process where homologous chromosomes (chromosomes that code for the same traits - one inherited form each parent) come together and intertwine






8. Have two cotyledons that absorb the endosperm






9. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






10. Inner layer of oocyte cell membrane






11. Common passageway for both the reproductive and exretory systems






12. Some species of plants have flowers that contain only stamens and other flowers that contain only pistils






13. Nuclear division and followed by cell division






14. Diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid sperm of equal size






15. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






16. Expanding partition that grows outward from the interior of the cell until it reaches the cell membrane






17. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






18. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen






19. Sporophyte generation is the dominant - familiar form






20. Flowering plants consisting of a few cells that exist for a very short time






21. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)






22. Secretes estrogen and progesterone






23. Cell undergoes a period of growth and replication of genetic material before the initiation of mitosis -cell spends at least 90% of life in interphase -each chromosome is replicated so that during division - a complete copy of the genome can be distr






24. Union of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a zygote with a diploid number of chromosomes






25. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






26. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






27. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






28. Centromeres split so that each chromatid has its own distinct centromere - thus allowing sister chromatids to separate. The sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers are






29. Plants exhibit alternation of generation in which a diploid generation is succeeded by a haploid generation -diploid saprophyte generation produces haploid spores - which develop into the haploid saprophyte generation






30. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






31. Triggered by acrosomal reaction causing calcium ions to be released into the cytoplasm






32. Regulates secondary male sex characteristics including facial and pubic hair and voice changes






33. Surrounded by two layers of cells






34. Found in the tips of roots and stems where growth in length occurs






35. Part of embry that are seed leaves






36. Produced when each meiotic division -rapidly degenerate






37. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






38. Replication of the nucleus followed by unequal cytokinesis -membrane pinches inward to forma new cell that is smaller in size but genetically identical to the parent cell






39. Homologous pairs (tetrads) align at the equatorial plane - and each pair attaches to a separate spindle fiber by its kinetochore






40. Undifferentiated tissues in plants






41. The site of sperm deposition during intercourse and is also the passageway through which a baby is expelled during childbirth






42. If the ovum isn't fertilized - the corpus luteum atrophies - the resulting drop in progesterone and estrogen levels causes the endometrium (with its superficial blood vessels) to slough off - giving rise to menses






43. The production of female gametes -occurs in the ovarian follicles






44. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction






45. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






46. Undergoes disjunction






47. Specialized sex cells






48. (In Prophase I) chromatids of homologous chromosomes break at corresponding points and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA -occurs between homologous chromosomes and not between sister chromatids of the same chromosomes (the latter are identical - so c






49. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






50. The production of female gametes - occurs in the ovaries