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PCAT Biology Reproduction

Subjects : pcat, biology
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. As in mitosis - the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated in the 2N number of sister chromatids






2. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum






3. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle






4. Multilayered sac of cells that contains - nourishes - and protects an immature ovum -produce estrogen






5. (In Prophase I) each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids - each synaptic pair of homologous chromosomes containing four chromatids






6. Central region where - after replication - the chromosomes consist of two identical sister chromatids held together in interphase






7. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes






8. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr






9. Cut piece of stem can develop new roots in water or moist gorund - which can be used to accelerate root formation -layering: stems of certain plants - will take root when bent to the gorund and covered with soil -stem of one plant (scion) can be atta






10. Simple form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotic organisms -DNA replicates and a new plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward along the midline of the cell - dividing it into two equally size cells with equal maounts of cytoplasm - each conta






11. Hormonal secretions of the ovaries - the hypothalamus - and the anterior pituitary play important roles in the female reproductive cycle -divided into the follicular phase - ovulation - the luteal phase - and menstruation






12. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides






13. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium






14. AKA lateral meristem -located between the xylem and phloem






15. Have one cotyledon






16. The process by which gametes are produced -involves two divisions of primary sex cells resulting in four haploid cells called gametes






17. AKA ovanan or fallopian tube -opens into the upper end of the uterus






18. The male organ of the flower and consists of a thin - stalk-like filament






19. Steroid hormones necessary for normal female maturation -stimulate the development of the female reproductive tract and contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and sex drive -responsible for the thickening of the endometrium






20. Produces monoploid spores that develop into pollen grains






21. Plant cells lack centrioles -spindle apparatus is synthesized by mcrotubule organizing centers that are not visible -cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds through production of a cleavage furrow -Plant cells are rigid and can't form cleavage furrows -






22. Union of gametes






23. Part of embryo that develops into the lower and root






24. Cell division that follows karyokinesis






25. Surrounded by two layers of cells






26. Produced in developing placenta if fertilization occurs - maintaining the corpus luteum and - thus - the supply of estrogen and progesterone that maintains the uterus - until the placenta takes over production of these hormones






27. Contains elongated cell with head - tail - neck - and body






28. Underground stems with bubs - like the eyes of potatoes - that can develop into adult plants






29. Undergoes disjunction






30. 1) G1: Initiates interphase. is described as the active growth phase and can vary in length. the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins. the length of the G1 phase determines the length of the entire cell cycle 2) S: the period of DNA synthe






31. Method of growth - development - and replacement of worn-out cells






32. Split to form several bulbs






33. Passes through the penis and opens to the outside at its tip






34. AKA stolon -woody - underground stems -can develop new upright stems






35. Diploid cells of spermatogonia






36. A tubelike structure formed by the sperm once in contact with the membrane -extends to the cell membrane and penetrates it - fusing the sperm cell membrane with that of the ovum -Sperm nucleus now enters the ovum's cytoplasm to complete Meiosis II






37. Produced after meioisis from spermatids that undergo a series of changes -AKA mature sperm -specialized for transporting the sperm nucleus to the ovum -elongated cell with a head - neck - body - and tail






38. Regrowth of a lost or injured body part






39. Two haploid cells yielded from meiotic division of primary spermatocytes






40. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion






41. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule






42. Gametophyte is the dominant generation -smaller - short lived organism that depends on the gametophyte for energy and nutrients - sporophytes grow on top of the gametophytes and produce spores that develop into gametophytes






43. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids






44. Division and distribution of the cell's DNA to its two daughter cells such that each cell receives a complete copy of the original genome






45. External pouch that maintains the testes' temperature at 2C-4C lower than body tmperature - a condition essential for sperm survival






46. Part of embry that are seed leaves






47. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally






48. Bulbs - tubers - runners - rhizomes






49. AKA sperm production -occurs in the seminiferous tubules






50. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)