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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the layers of the heart
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Vena cava

2. What are the layers of vessels
Saphenous vein
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Dorsal venus arch

3. What are the deep veins of the foot
Vertebral arteries
Femoral arteries
Dorsal venus arch
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

4. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Esophagus
5-0 or 6-0

5. When is arterial blood volume decreased
#11 on a #7 handle
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

6. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

7. What type of needle is used for vessels
Vena cava
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Double armed needles - tapered
The surgeons hands should be wet

8. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Carotid endarterectomy
Sarot clamp?

9. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Arterial embolectomy
5-0 or 6-0
6-0

10. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
The popliteal vein
#11 on a #7 handle
Coronary arteries
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

11. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Rubber shods
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
3-0 or 4-0
Papaverine

12. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Esophagus
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Arterial embolectomy

13. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Suprarenal artery
Arterial bypass

14. What is an atrial embolism
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
In the capillaries
Rubber shods

15. What is the peripheral vascular system
Internal carotid artery
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Water
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

16. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Suprarenal artery
Water

17. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Papaverine
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

18. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Femorofemoral bypass
Papaverine
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

19. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
6-0
Papaverine
Arterial embolectomy

20. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
4-0 or 5-0
Arterial bypass
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

21. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Arterial bypass

22. What disease leads to atheroma formation
5-0 or 6-0
6-0
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

23. What communicate in the circle of willis
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
6-0
Femoral arteries
Coronary arteries

24. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Water
4-0 or 5-0
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

25. What are pledgets used for
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
To reinforce the anastomosis
SA node
Hyline cartilage

26. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
In the capillaries
Water
Femoral arteries

27. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
3-0 or 4-0
Arterial bypass
Water
#11 on a #7 handle

28. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Incision into an artery
SA node

29. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Sarot clamp?
Splenic artery

30. Where does gas exchange take place
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
SA node
In the capillaries

31. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Femoral arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Water

32. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Vena cava
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
To reinforce the anastomosis
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

33. What are delicate sutures tagged with
3-0 or 4-0
Rubber shods
Arterial embolectomy
Basilic vein

34. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
4-0 or 5-0
The popliteal vein
Splenic artery

35. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Water
4-0 or 5-0
Femorofemoral bypass
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

36. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Ascending aorta
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Vertebral arteries
Rubber shods

37. What are the sutures for the aorta
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
3-0 or 4-0
Suprarenal artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

38. What arteries supply the myocardium
Coronary arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

39. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Vertebral arteries
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

40. What is claudication
Dorsal venus arch
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Arterial embolectomy
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

41. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Femoral arteries
Femorofemoral bypass
Dorsal venus arch
Vena cava

42. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Esophagus
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
6-0
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

43. What medication is added to saline
Femorofemoral bypass
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

44. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Arterial bypass
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Dorsal venus arch
6-0 or 7-0

45. What are capillaries
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
To reinforce the anastomosis
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

46. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Sarot clamp?
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
4-0 or 5-0

47. What are the general characteristics of veins
The surgeons hands should be wet
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Femorofemoral bypass

48. What is the largest vein
Saphenous vein
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
3-0 or 4-0
4-0 or 5-0

49. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
SA node
Ascending aorta
4-0 or 5-0
Vena cava

50. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The popliteal vein
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
The surgeons hands should be wet