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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. When is arterial blood volume decreased
#11 on a #7 handle
Arterial bypass
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

2. What is blood pressure
6-0 or 7-0
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

3. Which clamp is removed last
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Internal carotid artery
Double armed needles - tapered

4. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Hyline cartilage
Basilic vein
The surgeons hands should be wet
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

5. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Ascending aorta
6-0
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Sarot clamp?

6. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Coronary arteries
Vertebral arteries
4-0 or 5-0
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

7. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Suprarenal artery
Water
Esophagus

8. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

9. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
In the capillaries

10. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Vena cava
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Carotid endarterectomy
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

11. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
Rubber shods
Coronary arteries
6-0
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

12. What communicate in the circle of willis
Saphenous vein
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
6-0

13. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
#11 on a #7 handle
Arterial embolectomy

14. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
4-0 or 5-0
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

15. What is the largest vein
Sarot clamp?
Vena cava
Saphenous vein
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

16. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Vertebral arteries
In the capillaries
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

17. What are the layers of vessels
Coronary arteries
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
SA node
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

18. What is an atrial embolism
Incision into an artery
To reinforce the anastomosis
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Ascending aorta

19. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Splenic artery
Rubber shods
Hyline cartilage
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

20. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
SA node
Arterial bypass
Esophagus

21. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Femoral arteries
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Water
Basilic vein

22. What arteries supply the myocardium
Vena cava
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Coronary arteries
Rubber shods

23. What type of needle is used for vessels
Ascending aorta
Double armed needles - tapered
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Basilic vein

24. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Vena cava
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

25. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
6-0
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

26. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Vertebral arteries
The surgeons hands should be wet
Saphenous vein
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

27. What are the layers of the heart
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

28. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Femorofemoral bypass
Vertebral arteries

29. What factors influence blood pressure
Carotid endarterectomy
6-0 or 7-0
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Ascending aorta

30. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Vena cava
To reinforce the anastomosis
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Arterial embolectomy

31. What is claudication
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Rubber shods
Hyline cartilage
Femorofemoral bypass

32. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Coronary arteries
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Arterial bypass

33. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
The popliteal vein
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

34. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Incision into an artery
5-0 or 6-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Hyline cartilage

35. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Hyline cartilage
6-0
The surgeons hands should be wet
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

36. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Basilic vein
6-0 or 7-0
Papaverine
SA node

37. What are the general characteristics of veins
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Basilic vein
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
In the capillaries

38. What are the deep veins of the foot
Arterial bypass
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Dorsal venus arch

39. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
To reinforce the anastomosis
Rubber shods

40. What is the peripheral vascular system
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

41. What medication is added to saline
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Dorsal venus arch
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

42. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Carotid endarterectomy
Coronary arteries
Splenic artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

43. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Internal carotid artery
Vertebral arteries
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Ascending aorta

44. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Rubber shods
SA node
Basilic vein

45. Where does gas exchange take place
In the capillaries
6-0 or 7-0
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
4-0 or 5-0

46. What is an ateriotomy
Internal carotid artery
Ascending aorta
Saphenous vein
Incision into an artery

47. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Papaverine
Arterial embolectomy
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

48. What organ does the gastric artery feed
To reinforce the anastomosis
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Esophagus
Hyline cartilage

49. What materials are used for stents
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
3-0 or 4-0
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

50. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
In the capillaries
Carotid endarterectomy
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate