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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
To reinforce the anastomosis
Papaverine
6-0
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

2. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
4-0 or 5-0
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Papaverine
#11 on a #7 handle

3. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Vena cava
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Rubber shods

4. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
The surgeons hands should be wet
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
The popliteal vein

5. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Vena cava

6. Which clamp is removed last
3-0 or 4-0
Vertebral arteries
Internal carotid artery
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

7. What is the largest vein
SA node
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Water
Saphenous vein

8. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Rubber shods
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

9. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
5-0 or 6-0
Femorofemoral bypass
Sarot clamp?

10. What are the sutures for the aorta
The popliteal vein
6-0 or 7-0
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
3-0 or 4-0

11. What is blood pressure
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

12. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Basilic vein
Incision into an artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Arterial embolectomy

13. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
The popliteal vein
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

14. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Coronary arteries
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

15. What is claudication
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Femorofemoral bypass
Cramping pain or a dull ache

16. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Hyline cartilage
SA node
Femoral arteries
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

17. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Ascending aorta
To reinforce the anastomosis
4-0 or 5-0
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

18. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Suprarenal artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Sarot clamp?

19. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Vena cava
Saphenous vein
Ascending aorta
Arterial embolectomy

20. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
4-0 or 5-0
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
The popliteal vein
Vertebral arteries

21. What medication is added to saline
Dorsal venus arch
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Sarot clamp?
SA node

22. What are pledgets used for
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Papaverine
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
To reinforce the anastomosis

23. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Coronary arteries
Hyline cartilage
Internal carotid artery
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

24. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Arterial bypass
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
6-0

25. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Internal carotid artery
Femoral arteries
Basilic vein
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

26. What type of needle is used for vessels
Double armed needles - tapered
Suprarenal artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
6-0

27. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Water
Internal carotid artery
Rubber shods
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

28. What is the peripheral vascular system
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Incision into an artery

29. What is an ateriotomy
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Suprarenal artery
Vertebral arteries
Incision into an artery

30. What are the general characteristics of veins
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Papaverine
6-0
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

31. What are the layers of the heart
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Arterial embolectomy
Papaverine

32. What arteries supply the myocardium
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Coronary arteries
The popliteal vein
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

33. What communicate in the circle of willis
4-0 or 5-0
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Arterial bypass
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

34. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
3-0 or 4-0
SA node
Arterial bypass
Vertebral arteries

35. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
4-0 or 5-0
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

36. What are capillaries
Arterial bypass
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

37. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Rubber shods
Ascending aorta
6-0

38. What is an atrial embolism
The popliteal vein
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
To reinforce the anastomosis
Carotid endarterectomy

39. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Carotid endarterectomy
Suprarenal artery
Esophagus
4-0 or 5-0

40. Where does gas exchange take place
In the capillaries
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

41. What materials are used for stents
Vertebral arteries
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Vena cava

42. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Saphenous vein
Vena cava
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

43. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Internal carotid artery
Water
Hyline cartilage
Ascending aorta

44. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
#11 on a #7 handle
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

45. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
3-0 or 4-0
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

46. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
6-0 or 7-0
Double armed needles - tapered
Hyline cartilage
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

47. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
The surgeons hands should be wet
6-0
Splenic artery

48. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The surgeons hands should be wet
Carotid endarterectomy
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Femoral arteries

49. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Ascending aorta
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Esophagus

50. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Sarot clamp?
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Vena cava