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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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1. When is arterial blood volume decreased
To reinforce the anastomosis
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
In the capillaries
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

2. What are the general characteristics of veins
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
To reinforce the anastomosis
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

3. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Internal carotid artery
Rubber shods
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

4. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
In the capillaries
Basilic vein

5. What is blood pressure
Hyline cartilage
6-0 or 7-0
Incision into an artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

6. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
The popliteal vein
Rubber shods
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
6-0 or 7-0

7. What is an atrial embolism
Vena cava
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
The surgeons hands should be wet
3-0 or 4-0

8. What are the sutures for the aorta
Splenic artery
3-0 or 4-0
Femoral arteries
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

9. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Carotid endarterectomy
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Esophagus

10. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
5-0 or 6-0
Vertebral arteries

11. Which clamp is removed last
The surgeons hands should be wet
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Internal carotid artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

12. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Femorofemoral bypass
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Arterial bypass
4-0 or 5-0

13. What type of needle is used for vessels
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Vena cava
Internal carotid artery
Double armed needles - tapered

14. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Basilic vein
Arterial bypass
6-0

15. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Arterial bypass
6-0
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

16. What is claudication
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Esophagus
The popliteal vein
Arterial bypass

17. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
The popliteal vein
Water
Saphenous vein
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

18. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
6-0 or 7-0
Water
SA node
5-0 or 6-0

19. What are capillaries
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Esophagus

20. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
#11 on a #7 handle
Dorsal venus arch
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

21. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Papaverine
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Hyline cartilage

22. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Basilic vein
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
6-0

23. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Rubber shods
Water
Esophagus

24. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
6-0 or 7-0
Splenic artery
Arterial bypass
Femoral arteries

25. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Arterial bypass
Internal carotid artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

26. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Arterial embolectomy
3-0 or 4-0
Cramping pain or a dull ache

27. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
5-0 or 6-0
3-0 or 4-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Internal carotid artery

28. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Sarot clamp?
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

29. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
Vena cava
6-0
5-0 or 6-0
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

30. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Suprarenal artery
Femorofemoral bypass
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

31. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Vertebral arteries
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

32. What is the largest vein
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Saphenous vein
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

33. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Arterial bypass
5-0 or 6-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

34. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Coronary arteries
Basilic vein
Femoral arteries

35. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Arterial embolectomy
Carotid endarterectomy
Sarot clamp?
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

36. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
In the capillaries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Double armed needles - tapered

37. Where does gas exchange take place
Cramping pain or a dull ache
The surgeons hands should be wet
SA node
In the capillaries

38. What are the deep veins of the foot
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Dorsal venus arch
Papaverine
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

39. What are pledgets used for
To reinforce the anastomosis
Saphenous vein
Papaverine
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

40. What is an ateriotomy
Incision into an artery
Arterial embolectomy
Dorsal venus arch
5-0 or 6-0

41. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Femorofemoral bypass
Papaverine
Femoral arteries
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

42. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Splenic artery
Femoral arteries
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Coronary arteries

43. What are the layers of the heart
The surgeons hands should be wet
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Femoral arteries

44. What communicate in the circle of willis
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

45. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Hyline cartilage
Femorofemoral bypass
SA node
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

46. What are the layers of vessels
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

47. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
The popliteal vein
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Coronary arteries

48. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Ascending aorta
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

49. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

50. What materials are used for stents
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Water
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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