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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Femorofemoral bypass
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Coronary arteries
Papaverine

2. What arteries supply the myocardium
Saphenous vein
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Coronary arteries
Hyline cartilage

3. What is blood pressure
#11 on a #7 handle
Papaverine
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

4. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Internal carotid artery
Splenic artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

5. What are the deep veins of the foot
Arterial embolectomy
6-0 or 7-0
Dorsal venus arch
5-0 or 6-0

6. What is the peripheral vascular system
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
4-0 or 5-0
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

7. What is the largest vein
Saphenous vein
Vena cava
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Dorsal venus arch

8. What is an atrial embolism
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Vertebral arteries
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

9. What factors influence blood pressure
Vertebral arteries
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

10. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Sarot clamp?
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Basilic vein
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

11. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
#11 on a #7 handle
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

12. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
4-0 or 5-0
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

13. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
4-0 or 5-0
6-0 or 7-0

14. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Vena cava
Arterial bypass
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

15. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
6-0

16. What communicate in the circle of willis
Rubber shods
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Saphenous vein
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

17. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Coronary arteries
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

18. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
5-0 or 6-0
The popliteal vein
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

19. What are pledgets used for
To reinforce the anastomosis
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Splenic artery

20. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Basilic vein
Saphenous vein
Dorsal venus arch

21. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Arterial bypass
Double armed needles - tapered
Vena cava
SA node

22. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
5-0 or 6-0
6-0
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

23. What are the sutures for the aorta
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
3-0 or 4-0
Vena cava
Femoral arteries

24. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Arterial bypass
Dorsal venus arch
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Suprarenal artery

25. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Arterial bypass
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Dorsal venus arch

26. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Splenic artery
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

27. Where does gas exchange take place
Saphenous vein
6-0
In the capillaries
Coronary arteries

28. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
In the capillaries
Ascending aorta

29. What are the layers of vessels
Double armed needles - tapered
Hyline cartilage
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

30. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Water
6-0 or 7-0
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

31. What are capillaries
Sarot clamp?
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
4-0 or 5-0
Papaverine

32. What are the layers of the heart
Splenic artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Saphenous vein
Carotid endarterectomy

33. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Arterial embolectomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Papaverine

34. What medication is added to saline
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
4-0 or 5-0
Hyline cartilage

35. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Vena cava

36. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Carotid endarterectomy
Arterial embolectomy
5-0 or 6-0
Saphenous vein

37. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
SA node
6-0 or 7-0
Basilic vein

38. What are the general characteristics of veins
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Sarot clamp?
Papaverine

39. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
4-0 or 5-0
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

40. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Ascending aorta
4-0 or 5-0
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
In the capillaries

41. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Water
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

42. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
To reinforce the anastomosis
5-0 or 6-0
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
In the capillaries

43. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Basilic vein
6-0 or 7-0
Dorsal venus arch
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

44. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Sarot clamp?
Arterial embolectomy
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

45. What is claudication
Ascending aorta
Basilic vein
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Cramping pain or a dull ache

46. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

47. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Dorsal venus arch
The surgeons hands should be wet
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

48. What is an ateriotomy
6-0
Incision into an artery
In the capillaries
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

49. What materials are used for stents
Arterial embolectomy
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
6-0
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

50. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Carotid endarterectomy
Hyline cartilage
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Arterial bypass