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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Dorsal venus arch
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

2. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

3. What is claudication
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
The popliteal vein
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

4. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Basilic vein
5-0 or 6-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

5. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Saphenous vein
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

6. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Arterial embolectomy
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

7. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Vena cava

8. What are the general characteristics of veins
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Carotid endarterectomy
6-0 or 7-0

9. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Rubber shods

10. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Water
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

11. What are pledgets used for
Suprarenal artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
To reinforce the anastomosis
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

12. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Hyline cartilage
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

13. What are the deep veins of the foot
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Dorsal venus arch
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Femorofemoral bypass

14. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
5-0 or 6-0
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
6-0 or 7-0

15. What materials are used for stents
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Suprarenal artery
3-0 or 4-0

16. What is the peripheral vascular system
Dorsal venus arch
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
The surgeons hands should be wet

17. What factors influence blood pressure
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Sarot clamp?

18. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
3-0 or 4-0
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Femoral arteries

19. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
3-0 or 4-0
Carotid endarterectomy

20. What is blood pressure
Rubber shods
5-0 or 6-0
The surgeons hands should be wet
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

21. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Femorofemoral bypass
#11 on a #7 handle
3-0 or 4-0
6-0 or 7-0

22. What are the layers of vessels
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

23. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Rubber shods
The popliteal vein
#11 on a #7 handle
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

24. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Water
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

25. What communicate in the circle of willis
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Dorsal venus arch

26. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Carotid endarterectomy
Suprarenal artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

27. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The surgeons hands should be wet
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Arterial embolectomy
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

28. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
To reinforce the anastomosis
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Cramping pain or a dull ache
5-0 or 6-0

29. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Internal carotid artery
SA node
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Dorsal venus arch

30. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
To reinforce the anastomosis
Arterial embolectomy
Coronary arteries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

31. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Femorofemoral bypass
Sarot clamp?
Vertebral arteries

32. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Papaverine
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
To reinforce the anastomosis

33. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Splenic artery
4-0 or 5-0

34. What medication is added to saline
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
6-0 or 7-0
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

35. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
5-0 or 6-0
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

36. What is an atrial embolism
The surgeons hands should be wet
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
The popliteal vein
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

37. What are the sutures for the aorta
Suprarenal artery
3-0 or 4-0
#11 on a #7 handle
Cramping pain or a dull ache

38. What are the layers of the heart
Arterial bypass
Ascending aorta
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

39. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

40. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Vertebral arteries
Esophagus
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

41. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
#11 on a #7 handle
Arterial bypass
6-0
Femoral arteries

42. What are capillaries
Carotid endarterectomy
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

43. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
#11 on a #7 handle
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Ascending aorta
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

44. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Basilic vein
Esophagus
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

45. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
5-0 or 6-0
6-0 or 7-0
Cramping pain or a dull ache

46. What arteries supply the myocardium
Coronary arteries
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Basilic vein

47. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Internal carotid artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Arterial bypass
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

48. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Suprarenal artery
Dorsal venus arch
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

49. What is an ateriotomy
Incision into an artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
6-0 or 7-0

50. What type of needle is used for vessels
Double armed needles - tapered
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back