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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. What are the layers of the heart
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Femoral arteries
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

2. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Ascending aorta

3. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Water
SA node
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Rubber shods

4. What is the peripheral vascular system
Carotid endarterectomy
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Water
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

5. What arteries supply the myocardium
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Coronary arteries
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

6. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Rubber shods
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
5-0 or 6-0

7. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Basilic vein
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
The surgeons hands should be wet
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

8. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Esophagus
The popliteal vein
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Suprarenal artery

9. What organ does the gastric artery feed
To reinforce the anastomosis
Esophagus
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

10. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Splenic artery
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Ascending aorta

11. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
3-0 or 4-0
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Vena cava
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

12. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Vena cava
Esophagus
Femoral arteries
Dorsal venus arch

13. What is the largest vein
Saphenous vein
Rubber shods
Water
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

14. What are the general characteristics of veins
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
#11 on a #7 handle
Papaverine
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

15. What are the deep veins of the foot
#11 on a #7 handle
6-0 or 7-0
Dorsal venus arch
Basilic vein

16. What are capillaries
3-0 or 4-0
Papaverine
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
The surgeons hands should be wet

17. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Ascending aorta
Basilic vein
Arterial bypass
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

18. What are the layers of vessels
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Femoral arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

19. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

20. What communicate in the circle of willis
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Suprarenal artery
Splenic artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

21. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
The surgeons hands should be wet
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
6-0
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

22. What medication is added to saline
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
To reinforce the anastomosis

23. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Suprarenal artery
Saphenous vein
Ascending aorta

24. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Hyline cartilage
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Arterial bypass

25. What is an ateriotomy
The surgeons hands should be wet
Dorsal venus arch
Incision into an artery
Esophagus

26. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Vertebral arteries
In the capillaries
Carotid endarterectomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

27. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Femoral arteries
Double armed needles - tapered
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

28. What factors influence blood pressure
Arterial bypass
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Rubber shods
Papaverine

29. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Basilic vein
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

30. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Sarot clamp?
Femoral arteries

31. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
The popliteal vein
Incision into an artery
Hyline cartilage
#11 on a #7 handle

32. What is an atrial embolism
Femorofemoral bypass
Femoral arteries
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

33. Where does gas exchange take place
Double armed needles - tapered
In the capillaries
Dorsal venus arch
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

34. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
6-0 or 7-0
#11 on a #7 handle
4-0 or 5-0

35. What type of needle is used for vessels
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Double armed needles - tapered
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

36. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Incision into an artery
Sarot clamp?
Coronary arteries
Splenic artery

37. What are the sutures for the aorta
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
3-0 or 4-0

38. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

39. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Vertebral arteries
Papaverine
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Dorsal venus arch

40. What is blood pressure
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Double armed needles - tapered
Hyline cartilage

41. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Vena cava
Arterial bypass
Water
6-0

42. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Femorofemoral bypass
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Incision into an artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

43. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Double armed needles - tapered
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Internal carotid artery

44. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Double armed needles - tapered
6-0 or 7-0
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

45. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Suprarenal artery
Splenic artery
The surgeons hands should be wet

46. What are pledgets used for
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
To reinforce the anastomosis
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Hyline cartilage

47. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Papaverine
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Esophagus
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

48. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Splenic artery
Dorsal venus arch

49. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Suprarenal artery
Femoral arteries
The popliteal vein
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

50. What materials are used for stents
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
3-0 or 4-0
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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