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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
#11 on a #7 handle
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

2. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Internal carotid artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Suprarenal artery
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

3. What are the sutures for the aorta
Suprarenal artery
4-0 or 5-0
3-0 or 4-0
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

4. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Ascending aorta
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Coronary arteries
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

5. What medication is added to saline
Esophagus
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Arterial bypass
4-0 or 5-0

6. What is claudication
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

7. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Sarot clamp?
Hyline cartilage
Splenic artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

8. When is arterial blood volume decreased
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
6-0
Internal carotid artery
Sarot clamp?

9. What communicate in the circle of willis
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Coronary arteries
SA node
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

10. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Dorsal venus arch
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Sarot clamp?
Suprarenal artery

11. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Arterial embolectomy
In the capillaries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

12. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Arterial bypass
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Femoral arteries
Vena cava

13. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Femoral arteries
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Arterial bypass
6-0

14. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Water
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

15. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Splenic artery
Basilic vein
Hyline cartilage
SA node

16. What are the layers of vessels
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Saphenous vein

17. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Coronary arteries
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
4-0 or 5-0

18. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Papaverine
Arterial embolectomy
Carotid endarterectomy

19. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Basilic vein
Vertebral arteries
Rubber shods
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

20. What are the general characteristics of veins
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Sarot clamp?
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Splenic artery

21. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
3-0 or 4-0
Vertebral arteries
#11 on a #7 handle
Arterial embolectomy

22. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Femorofemoral bypass
Splenic artery
4-0 or 5-0

23. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Femorofemoral bypass
Suprarenal artery
Splenic artery

24. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Arterial embolectomy
Water
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

25. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Coronary arteries
Suprarenal artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Arterial bypass

26. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Water
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Femorofemoral bypass

27. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Femorofemoral bypass
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

28. What is the largest vein
Saphenous vein
3-0 or 4-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Double armed needles - tapered

29. Which clamp is removed last
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Internal carotid artery
Cramping pain or a dull ache

30. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Basilic vein
5-0 or 6-0
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Femorofemoral bypass

31. What factors influence blood pressure
Arterial bypass
Splenic artery
Ascending aorta
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

32. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Vena cava
Ascending aorta
SA node

33. What is an atrial embolism
The popliteal vein
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
The surgeons hands should be wet
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

34. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
3-0 or 4-0
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Splenic artery

35. What are the layers of the heart
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
SA node
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Saphenous vein

36. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Coronary arteries
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Splenic artery

37. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Saphenous vein
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Esophagus
6-0 or 7-0

38. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
6-0
Ascending aorta
Water
To reinforce the anastomosis

39. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Arterial bypass

40. What is the peripheral vascular system
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Arterial embolectomy
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

41. What is an ateriotomy
Dorsal venus arch
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Incision into an artery

42. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
The popliteal vein
Cramping pain or a dull ache
4-0 or 5-0
The surgeons hands should be wet

43. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Saphenous vein

44. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
The surgeons hands should be wet
#11 on a #7 handle
Incision into an artery
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

45. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
6-0 or 7-0
Carotid endarterectomy
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

46. What are the deep veins of the foot
#11 on a #7 handle
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Arterial bypass
Dorsal venus arch

47. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The popliteal vein
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Arterial bypass
The surgeons hands should be wet

48. Where does gas exchange take place
In the capillaries
To reinforce the anastomosis
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
5-0 or 6-0

49. What type of needle is used for vessels
4-0 or 5-0
6-0
Double armed needles - tapered
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

50. What arteries supply the myocardium
3-0 or 4-0
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Coronary arteries

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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