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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
6-0
Vertebral arteries

2. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Arterial embolectomy
Dorsal venus arch
6-0
#11 on a #7 handle

3. What is claudication
Double armed needles - tapered
Cramping pain or a dull ache
6-0 or 7-0
Arterial embolectomy

4. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
In the capillaries

5. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Arterial bypass
Coronary arteries
Arterial embolectomy
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

6. Where does gas exchange take place
In the capillaries
Arterial embolectomy
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

7. What type of needle is used for vessels
6-0
Arterial bypass
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Double armed needles - tapered

8. What are the layers of vessels
Hyline cartilage
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
5-0 or 6-0
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

9. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
To reinforce the anastomosis
In the capillaries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Suprarenal artery

10. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Incision into an artery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

11. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Sarot clamp?
Arterial bypass
Ascending aorta

12. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
6-0 or 7-0
To reinforce the anastomosis

13. What arteries supply the myocardium
Coronary arteries
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
4-0 or 5-0
Incision into an artery

14. What is an atrial embolism
#11 on a #7 handle
Double armed needles - tapered
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
SA node

15. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Hyline cartilage
Suprarenal artery
Incision into an artery
Carotid endarterectomy

16. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
#11 on a #7 handle
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

17. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
4-0 or 5-0
Femoral arteries
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

18. Which clamp is removed last
In the capillaries
Internal carotid artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

19. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Hyline cartilage
Carotid endarterectomy
3-0 or 4-0
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

20. What is the largest vein
In the capillaries
To reinforce the anastomosis
Saphenous vein
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

21. What are the deep veins of the foot
Rubber shods
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Dorsal venus arch

22. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Arterial embolectomy
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
In the capillaries

23. What medication is added to saline
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Arterial embolectomy

24. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
The surgeons hands should be wet
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

25. What materials are used for stents
5-0 or 6-0
Basilic vein
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Carotid endarterectomy

26. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
The popliteal vein
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Basilic vein

27. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
6-0 or 7-0
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Internal carotid artery
Water

28. What are the general characteristics of veins
Ascending aorta
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Coronary arteries

29. What is the peripheral vascular system
Vena cava
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
4-0 or 5-0

30. What factors influence blood pressure
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Rubber shods
Carotid endarterectomy
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

31. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
5-0 or 6-0
In the capillaries
Suprarenal artery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

32. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Double armed needles - tapered
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

33. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Hyline cartilage
SA node
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Suprarenal artery

34. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
SA node
Internal carotid artery
Ascending aorta
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

35. What are pledgets used for
To reinforce the anastomosis
Sarot clamp?
Coronary arteries
3-0 or 4-0

36. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Dorsal venus arch
Coronary arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

37. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
The surgeons hands should be wet
Ascending aorta

38. What are capillaries
4-0 or 5-0
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
3-0 or 4-0
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

39. What are the layers of the heart
Esophagus
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Rubber shods
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

40. What are the sutures for the aorta
Basilic vein
In the capillaries
Internal carotid artery
3-0 or 4-0

41. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
5-0 or 6-0
Arterial embolectomy
Femoral arteries

42. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
To reinforce the anastomosis
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Papaverine

43. What is an ateriotomy
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Incision into an artery
Double armed needles - tapered

44. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
SA node
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
6-0 or 7-0
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

45. What communicate in the circle of willis
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Femoral arteries
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

46. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
The popliteal vein
Basilic vein

47. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Femorofemoral bypass
Internal carotid artery
Vertebral arteries
Water

48. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Internal carotid artery
Vertebral arteries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

49. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Water
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Splenic artery

50. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Vena cava
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
To reinforce the anastomosis

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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