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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

2. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

3. What is blood pressure
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Incision into an artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

4. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Sarot clamp?
Arterial bypass
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

5. What type of needle is used for vessels
Double armed needles - tapered
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
The popliteal vein
Basilic vein

6. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Rubber shods
6-0 or 7-0
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

7. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
#11 on a #7 handle
SA node
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

8. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Hyline cartilage
Coronary arteries

9. What are the sutures for the aorta
Saphenous vein
3-0 or 4-0
Arterial bypass
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

10. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Vena cava
Esophagus
Suprarenal artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

11. What are the layers of the heart
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
6-0 or 7-0
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

12. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
The surgeons hands should be wet
Splenic artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

13. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Femoral arteries
Double armed needles - tapered
To reinforce the anastomosis
Incision into an artery

14. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
Sarot clamp?
6-0
Carotid endarterectomy
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

15. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
6-0 or 7-0
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Basilic vein
Saphenous vein

16. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Vertebral arteries
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

17. What are the general characteristics of veins
6-0
Sarot clamp?
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Ascending aorta

18. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Esophagus
To reinforce the anastomosis
Coronary arteries
Suprarenal artery

19. What is the largest vein
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Saphenous vein
Vertebral arteries

20. When is arterial blood volume decreased
6-0 or 7-0
3-0 or 4-0
To reinforce the anastomosis
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

21. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
4-0 or 5-0
The surgeons hands should be wet
6-0 or 7-0

22. What medication is added to saline
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Arterial embolectomy
Vertebral arteries
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

23. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Arterial embolectomy
Vena cava
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

24. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Ascending aorta
#11 on a #7 handle
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
To reinforce the anastomosis

25. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Rubber shods
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Carotid endarterectomy
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

26. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Water
To reinforce the anastomosis
4-0 or 5-0
5-0 or 6-0

27. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Femoral arteries
6-0

28. What are pledgets used for
Hyline cartilage
To reinforce the anastomosis
Saphenous vein
In the capillaries

29. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Rubber shods
Vena cava
Vertebral arteries
Incision into an artery

30. What arteries supply the myocardium
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Coronary arteries
Vena cava
Double armed needles - tapered

31. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Arterial embolectomy
Ascending aorta
6-0 or 7-0

32. What is an ateriotomy
Incision into an artery
Dorsal venus arch
Femoral arteries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

33. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
Esophagus
To reinforce the anastomosis
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

34. What is an atrial embolism
Carotid endarterectomy
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

35. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
6-0
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

36. What are the layers of vessels
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
SA node
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

37. What are capillaries
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Coronary arteries
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

38. What factors influence blood pressure
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Dorsal venus arch
Arterial embolectomy
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

39. What is the peripheral vascular system
3-0 or 4-0
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Vena cava
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

40. What is claudication
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Coronary arteries
Double armed needles - tapered
Arterial bypass

41. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Femorofemoral bypass
The popliteal vein
3-0 or 4-0
#11 on a #7 handle

42. What are the deep veins of the foot
Dorsal venus arch
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
3-0 or 4-0

43. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Water
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

44. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
The popliteal vein
5-0 or 6-0
Splenic artery

45. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Rubber shods
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

46. Where does gas exchange take place
In the capillaries
To reinforce the anastomosis
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Dorsal venus arch

47. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Dorsal venus arch
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Suprarenal artery

48. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Splenic artery
Coronary arteries
Saphenous vein
Hyline cartilage

49. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Sarot clamp?
Incision into an artery

50. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
5-0 or 6-0
Arterial embolectomy
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side