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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Arterial bypass
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Femorofemoral bypass
SA node

2. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Water
Saphenous vein
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

3. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
To reinforce the anastomosis
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Arterial bypass
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

4. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
4-0 or 5-0
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Esophagus
Femoral arteries

5. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Ascending aorta
Carotid endarterectomy

6. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
The popliteal vein
Rubber shods
Sarot clamp?

7. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Internal carotid artery
Esophagus
6-0 or 7-0
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

8. What is the largest vein
Saphenous vein
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

9. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Splenic artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

10. What are the layers of the heart
Femoral arteries
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

11. What is blood pressure
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

12. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
3-0 or 4-0
Splenic artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

13. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Basilic vein
Carotid endarterectomy
Water

14. Where does gas exchange take place
In the capillaries
5-0 or 6-0
Internal carotid artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

15. What are capillaries
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Double armed needles - tapered

16. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
4-0 or 5-0
Internal carotid artery
5-0 or 6-0

17. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Splenic artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

18. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Sarot clamp?
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Suprarenal artery

19. What communicate in the circle of willis
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
4-0 or 5-0

20. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

21. What are the general characteristics of veins
Femorofemoral bypass
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Saphenous vein

22. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
6-0 or 7-0
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

23. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
The surgeons hands should be wet
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Arterial embolectomy
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

24. What is the peripheral vascular system
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Suprarenal artery
Vena cava

25. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Suprarenal artery
To reinforce the anastomosis
Femorofemoral bypass
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

26. What medication is added to saline
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Rubber shods
Splenic artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

27. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
SA node
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

28. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Saphenous vein
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Carotid endarterectomy
Femoral arteries

29. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Double armed needles - tapered
The surgeons hands should be wet
6-0
6-0 or 7-0

30. What are the layers of vessels
Arterial bypass
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

31. What type of needle is used for vessels
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
6-0
Double armed needles - tapered
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

32. What are pledgets used for
To reinforce the anastomosis
Suprarenal artery
Dorsal venus arch
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

33. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Sarot clamp?
Double armed needles - tapered
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

34. What is an atrial embolism
In the capillaries
Internal carotid artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

35. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Ascending aorta
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

36. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Vertebral arteries
Incision into an artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Sarot clamp?

37. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Femoral arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

38. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Papaverine
Hyline cartilage
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
SA node

39. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Saphenous vein
Internal carotid artery
Vena cava
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

40. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
To reinforce the anastomosis
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

41. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
#11 on a #7 handle

42. What arteries supply the myocardium
Internal carotid artery
6-0 or 7-0
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Coronary arteries

43. What is an ateriotomy
Saphenous vein
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Incision into an artery
3-0 or 4-0

44. What factors influence blood pressure
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Internal carotid artery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Esophagus

45. What are the sutures for the aorta
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
The popliteal vein
3-0 or 4-0
6-0

46. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Papaverine
#11 on a #7 handle
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

47. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Double armed needles - tapered
4-0 or 5-0
Sarot clamp?

48. What is claudication
Cramping pain or a dull ache
In the capillaries
Sarot clamp?
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

49. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Arterial embolectomy
6-0
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

50. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Suprarenal artery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Vena cava
Flush then clamp proximal then distal