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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are delicate sutures tagged with
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Rubber shods

2. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
The popliteal vein
Hyline cartilage
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

3. What is blood pressure
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Basilic vein
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
4-0 or 5-0

4. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Femorofemoral bypass
Water
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Dorsal venus arch

5. What factors influence blood pressure
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Basilic vein
#11 on a #7 handle

6. What is the largest vein
To reinforce the anastomosis
Saphenous vein
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

7. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Splenic artery
In the capillaries
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

8. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Arterial embolectomy
Splenic artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
#11 on a #7 handle

9. What are pledgets used for
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Carotid endarterectomy
To reinforce the anastomosis
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

10. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Sarot clamp?
3-0 or 4-0

11. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
#11 on a #7 handle
Coronary arteries
Suprarenal artery
Cramping pain or a dull ache

12. What is an atrial embolism
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Splenic artery

13. What materials are used for stents
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Incision into an artery
Cramping pain or a dull ache
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

14. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Vena cava
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
6-0 or 7-0

15. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Water
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

16. What are the layers of the heart
Arterial bypass
5-0 or 6-0
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

17. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
5-0 or 6-0
Carotid endarterectomy
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

18. What are capillaries
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Vena cava
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

19. What are the deep veins of the foot
Water
Arterial bypass
Dorsal venus arch
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

20. What is the peripheral vascular system
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
The surgeons hands should be wet
6-0 or 7-0

21. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Femoral arteries
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Sarot clamp?
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

22. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Vertebral arteries
6-0 or 7-0
#11 on a #7 handle
In the capillaries

23. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
3-0 or 4-0
To reinforce the anastomosis
Dorsal venus arch

24. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Arterial bypass
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Vena cava

25. What arteries supply the myocardium
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Coronary arteries
Water
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

26. What are the layers of vessels
Vertebral arteries
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

27. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Double armed needles - tapered
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Basilic vein
3-0 or 4-0

28. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

29. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Arterial bypass
#11 on a #7 handle

30. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Saphenous vein
Coronary arteries
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
The popliteal vein

31. What are the general characteristics of veins
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Arterial bypass
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

32. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Carotid endarterectomy
Saphenous vein
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Femoral arteries

33. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Internal carotid artery
Hyline cartilage

34. What type of needle is used for vessels
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Double armed needles - tapered
Esophagus

35. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Sarot clamp?
Coronary arteries

36. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Hyline cartilage
The surgeons hands should be wet
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Cramping pain or a dull ache

37. What are the sutures for the aorta
6-0 or 7-0
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
3-0 or 4-0

38. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Rubber shods
Esophagus
Ascending aorta

39. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
6-0 or 7-0
Vena cava
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Papaverine

40. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
SA node
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

41. What is claudication
5-0 or 6-0
Hyline cartilage
Cramping pain or a dull ache
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

42. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Papaverine
Carotid endarterectomy
To reinforce the anastomosis
Femorofemoral bypass

43. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Suprarenal artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

44. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

45. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Hyline cartilage
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

46. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Internal carotid artery
6-0
Vena cava
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

47. What communicate in the circle of willis
6-0
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
5-0 or 6-0

48. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Ascending aorta
The popliteal vein
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

49. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
To reinforce the anastomosis
The surgeons hands should be wet
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

50. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
5-0 or 6-0
Femorofemoral bypass