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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What factors influence blood pressure
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
6-0 or 7-0
Papaverine
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

2. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
5-0 or 6-0

3. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Dorsal venus arch
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Vertebral arteries

4. What is the peripheral vascular system
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Water
Incision into an artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

5. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Sarot clamp?
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
5-0 or 6-0

6. What is claudication
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Cramping pain or a dull ache

7. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Splenic artery
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

8. What are the sutures for the aorta
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Double armed needles - tapered
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
3-0 or 4-0

9. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
The surgeons hands should be wet
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
3-0 or 4-0

10. What are the layers of vessels
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Water
4-0 or 5-0

11. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Internal carotid artery
Esophagus
Suprarenal artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

12. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
The popliteal vein
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
6-0 or 7-0

13. Where does gas exchange take place
Hyline cartilage
Suprarenal artery
Basilic vein
In the capillaries

14. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Carotid endarterectomy
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
#11 on a #7 handle
The popliteal vein

15. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Femorofemoral bypass
Femoral arteries
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

16. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Suprarenal artery
Sarot clamp?
Saphenous vein
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

17. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
To reinforce the anastomosis
Ascending aorta
Water

18. What are the deep veins of the foot
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
4-0 or 5-0
Dorsal venus arch
Femoral arteries

19. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
4-0 or 5-0
Esophagus
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

20. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Arterial embolectomy
5-0 or 6-0
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Rubber shods

21. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Vertebral arteries
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Water

22. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
4-0 or 5-0
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

23. What communicate in the circle of willis
Ascending aorta
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
To reinforce the anastomosis

24. What medication is added to saline
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
To reinforce the anastomosis
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

25. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Saphenous vein
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Basilic vein

26. What materials are used for stents
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Water
Incision into an artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

27. What type of needle is used for vessels
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Double armed needles - tapered
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

28. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Vena cava
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Femoral arteries

29. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
3-0 or 4-0
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
6-0

30. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Hyline cartilage
Water
Arterial bypass

31. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
6-0 or 7-0
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Basilic vein
Cramping pain or a dull ache

32. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Esophagus
6-0
Ascending aorta
Hyline cartilage

33. What are the layers of the heart
4-0 or 5-0
Carotid endarterectomy
Incision into an artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

34. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Vena cava
Ascending aorta
The popliteal vein
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

35. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

36. What is the largest vein
To reinforce the anastomosis
Saphenous vein
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

37. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Carotid endarterectomy
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Saphenous vein
5-0 or 6-0

38. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The surgeons hands should be wet
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Basilic vein
Femorofemoral bypass

39. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Femorofemoral bypass
Arterial bypass
Cramping pain or a dull ache

40. What is an atrial embolism
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
The popliteal vein
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

41. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Saphenous vein
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Vertebral arteries

42. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Splenic artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
The surgeons hands should be wet

43. What are delicate sutures tagged with
The surgeons hands should be wet
Splenic artery
Rubber shods
Coronary arteries

44. When is arterial blood volume decreased
3-0 or 4-0
Carotid endarterectomy
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Rubber shods

45. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Femoral arteries
Vertebral arteries
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

46. What arteries supply the myocardium
Coronary arteries
Esophagus
Papaverine
Vertebral arteries

47. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Water
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Femoral arteries
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

48. What are pledgets used for
Internal carotid artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
To reinforce the anastomosis
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

49. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Sarot clamp?
4-0 or 5-0
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
SA node

50. What is an ateriotomy
Double armed needles - tapered
Rubber shods
Incision into an artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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