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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is an ateriotomy
5-0 or 6-0
Suprarenal artery
Incision into an artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

2. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
6-0
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
5-0 or 6-0

3. What are capillaries
Splenic artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

4. What are pledgets used for
Splenic artery
To reinforce the anastomosis
Double armed needles - tapered
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

5. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
SA node
Carotid endarterectomy
Hyline cartilage
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

6. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Femorofemoral bypass
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

7. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Ascending aorta

8. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Vena cava
To reinforce the anastomosis
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

9. What are the layers of vessels
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
The popliteal vein
SA node

10. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
3-0 or 4-0
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

11. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
6-0 or 7-0
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

12. What medication is added to saline
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

13. What arteries supply the myocardium
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
3-0 or 4-0
Carotid endarterectomy
Coronary arteries

14. What are the layers of the heart
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Ascending aorta
Saphenous vein

15. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
5-0 or 6-0
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

16. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Internal carotid artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

17. What is the largest vein
3-0 or 4-0
Saphenous vein
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Esophagus

18. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Water
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Ascending aorta
Rubber shods

19. What is an atrial embolism
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Rubber shods
Suprarenal artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

20. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Basilic vein
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

21. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Coronary arteries
Papaverine
Arterial bypass

22. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
The surgeons hands should be wet
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Double armed needles - tapered
4-0 or 5-0

23. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Esophagus
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Dorsal venus arch
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

24. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
SA node
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

25. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
5-0 or 6-0
SA node

26. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Hyline cartilage
Suprarenal artery
Coronary arteries
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

27. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
The popliteal vein
Sarot clamp?
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

28. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Coronary arteries
Water
Rubber shods

29. What are the deep veins of the foot
Dorsal venus arch
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
4-0 or 5-0
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

30. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

31. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
#11 on a #7 handle
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Dorsal venus arch

32. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
To reinforce the anastomosis
Femoral arteries
6-0
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

33. What materials are used for stents
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Rubber shods
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Hyline cartilage

34. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Arterial embolectomy
Double armed needles - tapered
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

35. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Vertebral arteries
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

36. What is claudication
Papaverine
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Dorsal venus arch
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

37. What is blood pressure
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Carotid endarterectomy
Saphenous vein

38. What are the general characteristics of veins
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
4-0 or 5-0
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
6-0 or 7-0

39. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

40. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

41. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Sarot clamp?
Femorofemoral bypass
Suprarenal artery
4-0 or 5-0

42. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Femoral arteries
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

43. What are the sutures for the aorta
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
3-0 or 4-0
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

44. What type of needle is used for vessels
Esophagus
Double armed needles - tapered
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

45. What factors influence blood pressure
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

46. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
To reinforce the anastomosis
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Arterial embolectomy
Vertebral arteries

47. What communicate in the circle of willis
Rubber shods
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Saphenous vein
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

48. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Vena cava
Ascending aorta
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Basilic vein

49. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Ascending aorta
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Papaverine
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

50. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Femorofemoral bypass
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Splenic artery

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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