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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is claudication
Femoral arteries
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Cramping pain or a dull ache
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

2. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
To reinforce the anastomosis
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

3. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
SA node
Arterial bypass
Rubber shods
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

4. What is an ateriotomy
In the capillaries
Arterial embolectomy
Incision into an artery
The surgeons hands should be wet

5. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Basilic vein
#11 on a #7 handle
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
The surgeons hands should be wet

6. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
SA node
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Papaverine

7. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Papaverine
In the capillaries
5-0 or 6-0

8. What materials are used for stents
Esophagus
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
3-0 or 4-0
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

9. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Coronary arteries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
6-0

10. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Hyline cartilage
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Esophagus
Dorsal venus arch

11. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
In the capillaries
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Double armed needles - tapered

12. What are pledgets used for
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
To reinforce the anastomosis
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

13. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Suprarenal artery
To reinforce the anastomosis

14. What factors influence blood pressure
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Carotid endarterectomy
Femorofemoral bypass

15. What is the largest vein
The surgeons hands should be wet
Sarot clamp?
Saphenous vein
Vertebral arteries

16. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Ascending aorta
Vena cava
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Double armed needles - tapered

17. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Arterial bypass
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
The popliteal vein

18. What is blood pressure
Basilic vein
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

19. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
The surgeons hands should be wet
Femoral arteries

20. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Internal carotid artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Carotid endarterectomy

21. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Arterial bypass
6-0 or 7-0
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Sarot clamp?

22. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Hyline cartilage
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

23. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
6-0 or 7-0
Water
Hyline cartilage
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

24. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
To reinforce the anastomosis
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Hyline cartilage

25. What are the sutures for the aorta
Saphenous vein
Arterial bypass
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
3-0 or 4-0

26. What are the general characteristics of veins
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

27. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Dorsal venus arch
Vertebral arteries
6-0 or 7-0

28. Where does gas exchange take place
In the capillaries
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Arterial embolectomy

29. What are the layers of vessels
Vena cava
Papaverine
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

30. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
#11 on a #7 handle
Dorsal venus arch
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

31. What communicate in the circle of willis
Arterial embolectomy
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
The popliteal vein

32. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Double armed needles - tapered
6-0 or 7-0
Esophagus
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

33. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Suprarenal artery
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Ascending aorta
Vena cava

34. What type of needle is used for vessels
Double armed needles - tapered
5-0 or 6-0
Arterial embolectomy
Vena cava

35. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Carotid endarterectomy
The surgeons hands should be wet

36. What arteries supply the myocardium
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
The surgeons hands should be wet
Coronary arteries
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

37. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
3-0 or 4-0
Arterial embolectomy
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

38. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Femorofemoral bypass
Dorsal venus arch
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Sarot clamp?

39. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The surgeons hands should be wet
Carotid endarterectomy
Saphenous vein
Arterial bypass

40. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
The surgeons hands should be wet
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

41. What are capillaries
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
The popliteal vein
Coronary arteries
Vena cava

42. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Basilic vein
Hyline cartilage
Vena cava
Water

43. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
To reinforce the anastomosis

44. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
SA node
The popliteal vein
Saphenous vein
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

45. What are the layers of the heart
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

46. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Ascending aorta
Rubber shods
Cramping pain or a dull ache

47. What are the deep veins of the foot
Arterial embolectomy
6-0 or 7-0
Dorsal venus arch
Papaverine

48. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
SA node
Internal carotid artery

49. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Femorofemoral bypass
5-0 or 6-0

50. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
4-0 or 5-0
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery