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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What communicate in the circle of willis
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

2. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Double armed needles - tapered
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Femorofemoral bypass

3. What is an atrial embolism
To reinforce the anastomosis
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

4. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

5. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Femoral arteries
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

6. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
The surgeons hands should be wet
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

7. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Femorofemoral bypass

8. What are capillaries
Papaverine
Suprarenal artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

9. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Femorofemoral bypass
Arterial bypass
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

10. What is the largest vein
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Saphenous vein

11. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
4-0 or 5-0
3-0 or 4-0
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

12. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
6-0
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Sarot clamp?

13. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Papaverine
Basilic vein
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

14. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Sarot clamp?
Vertebral arteries
Ascending aorta
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

15. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Arterial embolectomy
Dorsal venus arch
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

16. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Vena cava
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

17. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Incision into an artery
Double armed needles - tapered
Vertebral arteries

18. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Sarot clamp?
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

19. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
SA node
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Basilic vein

20. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Ascending aorta
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

21. What type of needle is used for vessels
The popliteal vein
4-0 or 5-0
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Double armed needles - tapered

22. What is claudication
The surgeons hands should be wet
Cramping pain or a dull ache
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

23. What are the layers of vessels
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Internal carotid artery
Esophagus
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

24. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Basilic vein
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Arterial bypass
3-0 or 4-0

25. What are the sutures for the aorta
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Carotid endarterectomy
3-0 or 4-0
Vena cava

26. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Hyline cartilage
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
The surgeons hands should be wet

27. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Carotid endarterectomy
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

28. What medication is added to saline
Esophagus
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Rubber shods
Double armed needles - tapered

29. What are the deep veins of the foot
Femorofemoral bypass
Dorsal venus arch
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

30. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Internal carotid artery
Incision into an artery
Hyline cartilage
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

31. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
The surgeons hands should be wet
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

32. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Basilic vein
Vertebral arteries
Femorofemoral bypass

33. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
3-0 or 4-0
Sarot clamp?

34. What is an ateriotomy
Incision into an artery
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Vertebral arteries
Ascending aorta

35. What is the peripheral vascular system
Internal carotid artery
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Water
6-0

36. What are the layers of the heart
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Internal carotid artery

37. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Saphenous vein
Double armed needles - tapered
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
6-0

38. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
6-0
#11 on a #7 handle
Vena cava
Cramping pain or a dull ache

39. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Arterial bypass
Ascending aorta
Dorsal venus arch
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

40. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
4-0 or 5-0
Carotid endarterectomy

41. What is blood pressure
Double armed needles - tapered
Sarot clamp?
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

42. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Double armed needles - tapered
Esophagus
Suprarenal artery

43. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Suprarenal artery
Esophagus
Splenic artery
Arterial bypass

44. What factors influence blood pressure
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
6-0 or 7-0
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

45. What arteries supply the myocardium
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Esophagus
Coronary arteries
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

46. What are pledgets used for
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
To reinforce the anastomosis
Saphenous vein
Arterial embolectomy

47. Where does gas exchange take place
In the capillaries
SA node
Carotid endarterectomy
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

48. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Vena cava
Hyline cartilage
Suprarenal artery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

49. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
4-0 or 5-0
Suprarenal artery
Water
Femorofemoral bypass

50. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Rubber shods
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
To reinforce the anastomosis
The popliteal vein