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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the peripheral vascular system
Rubber shods
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Cramping pain or a dull ache

2. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
SA node
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Saphenous vein

3. What is claudication
Coronary arteries
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Cramping pain or a dull ache

4. What is an atrial embolism
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Water
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

5. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
4-0 or 5-0
Ascending aorta
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

6. What are the layers of vessels
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Basilic vein
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

7. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
5-0 or 6-0
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
The popliteal vein
Femoral arteries

8. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Esophagus
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Internal carotid artery

9. What organ does the gastric artery feed
SA node
Esophagus
Arterial bypass
5-0 or 6-0

10. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Hyline cartilage
Double armed needles - tapered
5-0 or 6-0
Vena cava

11. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
4-0 or 5-0
Ascending aorta
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Femoral arteries

12. What is blood pressure
Suprarenal artery
Dorsal venus arch
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Ascending aorta

13. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Basilic vein
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
3-0 or 4-0

14. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Hyline cartilage
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Incision into an artery

15. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Vertebral arteries
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Double armed needles - tapered

16. What factors influence blood pressure
SA node
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Sarot clamp?
Ascending aorta

17. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Coronary arteries
Water
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

18. What are the deep veins of the foot
Dorsal venus arch
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Femorofemoral bypass

19. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Water
The surgeons hands should be wet
SA node
Esophagus

20. What type of needle is used for vessels
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
In the capillaries
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Double armed needles - tapered

21. What communicate in the circle of willis
6-0
The surgeons hands should be wet
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
5-0 or 6-0

22. What are the layers of the heart
Vertebral arteries
Papaverine
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

23. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Incision into an artery
5-0 or 6-0
The surgeons hands should be wet

24. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Double armed needles - tapered
Arterial bypass
Internal carotid artery

25. What are capillaries
6-0
Arterial bypass
Femoral arteries
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

26. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
6-0 or 7-0
The popliteal vein
Saphenous vein

27. What are the sutures for the aorta
Ascending aorta
3-0 or 4-0
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

28. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Suprarenal artery
SA node
Vena cava
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

29. What medication is added to saline
Saphenous vein
Ascending aorta
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

30. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Hyline cartilage
Vena cava
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Femorofemoral bypass

31. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Incision into an artery
Sarot clamp?
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
The popliteal vein

32. What are the general characteristics of veins
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
SA node
Sarot clamp?
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

33. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Splenic artery
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

34. What materials are used for stents
Rubber shods
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Femoral arteries

35. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
Femoral arteries
Coronary arteries
6-0
Double armed needles - tapered

36. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Incision into an artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

37. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Dorsal venus arch
Splenic artery
Carotid endarterectomy

38. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Arterial embolectomy
Suprarenal artery
Water

39. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Basilic vein
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Dorsal venus arch

40. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
#11 on a #7 handle
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Double armed needles - tapered
Ascending aorta

41. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Sarot clamp?
Coronary arteries

42. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Vena cava
Saphenous vein
Sarot clamp?
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

43. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
To reinforce the anastomosis
The surgeons hands should be wet
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

44. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
The surgeons hands should be wet
Splenic artery
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

45. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
6-0 or 7-0
#11 on a #7 handle
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
The surgeons hands should be wet

46. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
The surgeons hands should be wet
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

47. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
#11 on a #7 handle
4-0 or 5-0
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

48. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Vena cava
Papaverine

49. What is an ateriotomy
Saphenous vein
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Incision into an artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

50. What arteries supply the myocardium
Carotid endarterectomy
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Internal carotid artery
Coronary arteries