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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Vena cava
6-0
Arterial embolectomy
Suprarenal artery

2. What are the layers of the heart
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
5-0 or 6-0
Esophagus
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

3. What is the peripheral vascular system
Femoral arteries
Carotid endarterectomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

4. What communicate in the circle of willis
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Femorofemoral bypass
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Splenic artery

5. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
6-0
Arterial bypass

6. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
4-0 or 5-0
Coronary arteries

7. What are the general characteristics of veins
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Suprarenal artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

8. What are pledgets used for
Arterial bypass
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
To reinforce the anastomosis
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

9. What type of needle is used for vessels
Double armed needles - tapered
Sarot clamp?
Basilic vein
Hyline cartilage

10. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
4-0 or 5-0
3-0 or 4-0
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

11. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Splenic artery
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Rubber shods
SA node

12. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
5-0 or 6-0
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Vertebral arteries
3-0 or 4-0

13. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
SA node
6-0
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

14. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Suprarenal artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

15. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Femoral arteries

16. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Vertebral arteries
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
The popliteal vein
Water

17. What is an ateriotomy
Suprarenal artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Incision into an artery

18. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Water
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
#11 on a #7 handle

19. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Water
Sarot clamp?
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

20. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

21. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Cramping pain or a dull ache
5-0 or 6-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
The surgeons hands should be wet

22. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Splenic artery
Suprarenal artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

23. Which clamp is removed last
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Internal carotid artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

24. What is an atrial embolism
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Basilic vein

25. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Esophagus
6-0 or 7-0
4-0 or 5-0
Incision into an artery

26. What factors influence blood pressure
Incision into an artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

27. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Incision into an artery
Vertebral arteries
4-0 or 5-0
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

28. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
In the capillaries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

29. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
SA node
6-0 or 7-0
4-0 or 5-0
Arterial bypass

30. What materials are used for stents
Coronary arteries
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

31. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Vena cava
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Sarot clamp?

32. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Splenic artery
4-0 or 5-0
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

33. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
#11 on a #7 handle

34. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Double armed needles - tapered
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

35. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
6-0
SA node
Esophagus

36. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Sarot clamp?

37. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Incision into an artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Papaverine
Suprarenal artery

38. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Femorofemoral bypass
3-0 or 4-0
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

39. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Dorsal venus arch
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
5-0 or 6-0
Carotid endarterectomy

40. Where does gas exchange take place
Suprarenal artery
Basilic vein
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
In the capillaries

41. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Papaverine
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

42. What is blood pressure
Vena cava
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Splenic artery

43. What are the deep veins of the foot
Dorsal venus arch
Papaverine
6-0 or 7-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

44. What is the largest vein
Dorsal venus arch
Double armed needles - tapered
Saphenous vein
Vertebral arteries

45. What medication is added to saline
SA node
Dorsal venus arch
The surgeons hands should be wet
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

46. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Hyline cartilage
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Basilic vein
3-0 or 4-0

47. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Arterial embolectomy

48. What are the sutures for the aorta
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Carotid endarterectomy
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
3-0 or 4-0

49. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
3-0 or 4-0

50. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
5-0 or 6-0
#11 on a #7 handle
Water
To reinforce the anastomosis