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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Vertebral arteries
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Rubber shods
Vena cava

2. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Double armed needles - tapered
Femoral arteries
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

3. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

4. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Sarot clamp?
Papaverine
The surgeons hands should be wet

5. What are the sutures for the aorta
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
3-0 or 4-0

6. What type of needle is used for vessels
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Double armed needles - tapered
Papaverine
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

7. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Splenic artery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Basilic vein
Suprarenal artery

8. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
#11 on a #7 handle
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

9. What is an atrial embolism
Arterial bypass
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
To reinforce the anastomosis

10. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Incision into an artery
Vertebral arteries
Vena cava

11. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Internal carotid artery
3-0 or 4-0

12. What organ does the gastric artery feed
To reinforce the anastomosis
Esophagus
Femorofemoral bypass
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

13. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Saphenous vein
Water
Ascending aorta
Dorsal venus arch

14. What are pledgets used for
3-0 or 4-0
Femoral arteries
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
To reinforce the anastomosis

15. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Water
Esophagus
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Ascending aorta

16. What communicate in the circle of willis
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
In the capillaries
#11 on a #7 handle
Incision into an artery

17. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
SA node
6-0 or 7-0

18. What is the peripheral vascular system
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
#11 on a #7 handle
Suprarenal artery
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

19. When is arterial blood volume decreased
To reinforce the anastomosis
Dorsal venus arch
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Hyline cartilage

20. What is an ateriotomy
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Femorofemoral bypass
Incision into an artery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

21. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

22. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Esophagus
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Water
Ascending aorta

23. What is blood pressure
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Coronary arteries
Rubber shods
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

24. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Hyline cartilage
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Suprarenal artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

25. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
The surgeons hands should be wet
Hyline cartilage
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

26. What medication is added to saline
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

27. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Carotid endarterectomy
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Femoral arteries

28. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Arterial embolectomy
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Basilic vein
Femorofemoral bypass

29. What are the layers of the heart
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Sarot clamp?
Water
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

30. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
6-0
Arterial embolectomy
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

31. What is the largest vein
In the capillaries
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Saphenous vein
Arterial bypass

32. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Ascending aorta
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Hyline cartilage

33. Which clamp is removed last
Arterial bypass
Esophagus
Dorsal venus arch
Internal carotid artery

34. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Papaverine
Basilic vein
Femoral arteries
3-0 or 4-0

35. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Arterial embolectomy
Dorsal venus arch
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

36. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Rubber shods
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Papaverine

37. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
The popliteal vein
6-0 or 7-0
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

38. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Dorsal venus arch
4-0 or 5-0
6-0
In the capillaries

39. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
5-0 or 6-0
#11 on a #7 handle
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
SA node

40. What are the deep veins of the foot
Water
Dorsal venus arch
Carotid endarterectomy
Papaverine

41. Where does gas exchange take place
Arterial embolectomy
Suprarenal artery
Rubber shods
In the capillaries

42. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
6-0 or 7-0
Papaverine
Incision into an artery
Vertebral arteries

43. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Ascending aorta
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
SA node
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

44. What are the general characteristics of veins
Splenic artery
Esophagus
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

45. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
4-0 or 5-0
The popliteal vein

46. What is claudication
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Hyline cartilage
Cramping pain or a dull ache

47. What are capillaries
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
To reinforce the anastomosis
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

48. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Sarot clamp?
4-0 or 5-0
Suprarenal artery
Carotid endarterectomy

49. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
6-0
4-0 or 5-0

50. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Arterial bypass
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Water
Esophagus