Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is an atrial embolism
3-0 or 4-0
Internal carotid artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free


2. What is blood pressure
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Esophagus
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Arteriosclerosis obliterans


3. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Suprarenal artery
#11 on a #7 handle
Splenic artery
Saphenous vein


4. What arteries supply the myocardium
To reinforce the anastomosis
Coronary arteries
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Femorofemoral bypass


5. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Hyline cartilage
Vena cava
Esophagus
SA node


6. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Femoral arteries
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine


7. What communicate in the circle of willis
Dorsal venus arch
Carotid endarterectomy
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor


8. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Internal carotid artery
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back


9. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Incision into an artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties


10. What are the deep veins of the foot
Ascending aorta
The surgeons hands should be wet
Dorsal venus arch
Basilic vein


11. What are the general characteristics of veins
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Coronary arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery


12. What are capillaries
4-0 or 5-0
Saphenous vein
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Coronary arteries


13. What is claudication
6-0
Arterial bypass
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Rubber shods


14. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Sarot clamp?
3-0 or 4-0
Basilic vein


15. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Vena cava
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Hyline cartilage


16. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
#11 on a #7 handle
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
6-0
Arterial embolectomy


17. What are pledgets used for
Vertebral arteries
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Sarot clamp?
To reinforce the anastomosis


18. What are the layers of vessels
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Coronary arteries
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Carotid endarterectomy


19. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
3-0 or 4-0
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Vertebral arteries


20. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Arterial embolectomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Arteriosclerosis obliterans


21. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Femorofemoral bypass
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Water
Coronary arteries


22. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
6-0 or 7-0
Ascending aorta
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
#11 on a #7 handle


23. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Rubber shods
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate


24. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
6-0 or 7-0
Ascending aorta
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor


25. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Internal carotid artery
The surgeons hands should be wet
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially


26. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
5-0 or 6-0
Dorsal venus arch
Femorofemoral bypass
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free


27. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
The popliteal vein
4-0 or 5-0
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Dorsal venus arch


28. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Femoral arteries
Arterial embolectomy
Ascending aorta
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene


29. Where does gas exchange take place
6-0
The popliteal vein
In the capillaries
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side


30. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
The popliteal vein
SA node
Internal carotid artery


31. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Basilic vein
In the capillaries
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
SA node


32. What materials are used for stents
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Incision into an artery
Suprarenal artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar


33. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Ascending aorta
Cramping pain or a dull ache


34. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Rubber shods


35. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Sarot clamp?
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
5-0 or 6-0
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves


36. What disease leads to atheroma formation
To reinforce the anastomosis
Carotid endarterectomy
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Papaverine


37. What are the sutures for the aorta
The popliteal vein
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
3-0 or 4-0


38. What type of needle is used for vessels
3-0 or 4-0
Double armed needles - tapered
6-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor


39. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
#11 on a #7 handle
Papaverine
Suprarenal artery
Arterial embolectomy


40. What is an ateriotomy
Incision into an artery
In the capillaries
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
3-0 or 4-0


41. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Basilic vein
Cramping pain or a dull ache


42. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Basilic vein
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back


43. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
To reinforce the anastomosis
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Papaverine


44. What is the largest vein
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Saphenous vein
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
To reinforce the anastomosis


45. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Rubber shods
Carotid endarterectomy
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back


46. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
To reinforce the anastomosis
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially


47. What is the peripheral vascular system
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Vertebral arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery


48. What medication is added to saline
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
5-0 or 6-0
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation


49. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery


50. What are the layers of the heart
The popliteal vein
Double armed needles - tapered
Arterial bypass
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium