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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. What is the peripheral vascular system
Femorofemoral bypass
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Vertebral arteries

2. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Saphenous vein
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Coronary arteries

3. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Sarot clamp?
6-0
Femorofemoral bypass
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

4. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
To reinforce the anastomosis
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

5. What is an ateriotomy
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
In the capillaries
Incision into an artery
Carotid endarterectomy

6. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Hyline cartilage
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
The surgeons hands should be wet

7. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Vertebral arteries
Ascending aorta
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

8. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Double armed needles - tapered
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Femorofemoral bypass
5-0 or 6-0

9. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Vertebral arteries
Esophagus
Rubber shods
Basilic vein

10. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
4-0 or 5-0
Carotid endarterectomy
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Basilic vein

11. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Sarot clamp?

12. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Sarot clamp?
Arterial bypass
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

13. What are the deep veins of the foot
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Rubber shods
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Dorsal venus arch

14. What materials are used for stents
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

15. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Arterial bypass
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

16. What are the sutures for the aorta
Vertebral arteries
3-0 or 4-0
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

17. What are the layers of vessels
4-0 or 5-0
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

18. What is claudication
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
The surgeons hands should be wet
Arterial bypass

19. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
5-0 or 6-0
Ascending aorta
6-0
Arterial embolectomy

20. What are the general characteristics of veins
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Papaverine

21. Where does gas exchange take place
SA node
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
6-0
In the capillaries

22. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
6-0 or 7-0
Suprarenal artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

23. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Suprarenal artery
The surgeons hands should be wet
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

24. What is blood pressure
Internal carotid artery
4-0 or 5-0
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

25. What are the layers of the heart
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

26. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Saphenous vein
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Double armed needles - tapered
Ascending aorta

27. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Hyline cartilage
To reinforce the anastomosis

28. What arteries supply the myocardium
Internal carotid artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Coronary arteries

29. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Hyline cartilage
Carotid endarterectomy

30. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Rubber shods
Saphenous vein
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Arterial bypass

31. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Incision into an artery
Splenic artery
Internal carotid artery
The popliteal vein

32. What is the largest vein
Saphenous vein
Suprarenal artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Cramping pain or a dull ache

33. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Arterial embolectomy
Femoral arteries
#11 on a #7 handle
Carotid endarterectomy

34. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
3-0 or 4-0
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

35. What type of needle is used for vessels
3-0 or 4-0
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Double armed needles - tapered

36. What medication is added to saline
Double armed needles - tapered
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

37. What is an atrial embolism
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Vertebral arteries
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

38. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Arterial embolectomy

39. Which clamp is removed last
Splenic artery
Internal carotid artery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Rubber shods

40. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Esophagus
Vena cava
The surgeons hands should be wet
Papaverine

41. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
The surgeons hands should be wet
Papaverine
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

42. When is arterial blood volume decreased
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
6-0 or 7-0
Femoral arteries
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

43. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
3-0 or 4-0

44. What are pledgets used for
5-0 or 6-0
To reinforce the anastomosis
Coronary arteries
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

45. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Suprarenal artery
4-0 or 5-0

46. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Internal carotid artery
Vena cava
The popliteal vein

47. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Basilic vein
Femorofemoral bypass
Ascending aorta
Sarot clamp?

48. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Rubber shods
Internal carotid artery
Saphenous vein
Carotid endarterectomy

49. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Basilic vein
To reinforce the anastomosis
Vertebral arteries
Femoral arteries

50. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Dorsal venus arch
Saphenous vein
Internal carotid artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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