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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. What is claudication
The surgeons hands should be wet
Cramping pain or a dull ache
In the capillaries
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

2. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
Femoral arteries
6-0
Arterial bypass
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

3. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
3-0 or 4-0
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Splenic artery

4. What are the deep veins of the foot
Ascending aorta
Dorsal venus arch
Sarot clamp?
Double armed needles - tapered

5. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Dorsal venus arch
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
4-0 or 5-0

6. What materials are used for stents
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Dorsal venus arch
Coronary arteries

7. What communicate in the circle of willis
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Papaverine

8. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Vertebral arteries
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
6-0 or 7-0

9. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
#11 on a #7 handle
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

10. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
SA node
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

11. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Femorofemoral bypass

12. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Splenic artery
Dorsal venus arch
3-0 or 4-0
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

13. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
4-0 or 5-0
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Water
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

14. What arteries supply the myocardium
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Coronary arteries
Carotid endarterectomy
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

15. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Femoral arteries
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

16. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Femoral arteries
Dorsal venus arch
Rubber shods
Femorofemoral bypass

17. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
4-0 or 5-0
The surgeons hands should be wet
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

18. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Suprarenal artery
Dorsal venus arch

19. What are pledgets used for
3-0 or 4-0
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Esophagus
To reinforce the anastomosis

20. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Papaverine
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
SA node

21. What is an ateriotomy
Double armed needles - tapered
Incision into an artery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Esophagus

22. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Arterial bypass
Esophagus
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

23. Where does gas exchange take place
The popliteal vein
In the capillaries
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

24. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Basilic vein
Coronary arteries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

25. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
5-0 or 6-0
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Incision into an artery
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

26. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
In the capillaries
Carotid endarterectomy
#11 on a #7 handle

27. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
6-0
Suprarenal artery
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Arterial embolectomy

28. What is an atrial embolism
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Dorsal venus arch
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

29. What is blood pressure
Rubber shods
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

30. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Incision into an artery
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

31. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
To reinforce the anastomosis
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

32. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Dorsal venus arch
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

33. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Saphenous vein
Vena cava
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

34. What medication is added to saline
6-0
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Dorsal venus arch
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

35. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
4-0 or 5-0
Sarot clamp?

36. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Vertebral arteries
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Ascending aorta

37. What is the largest vein
Double armed needles - tapered
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Saphenous vein

38. What are the sutures for the aorta
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
3-0 or 4-0
Incision into an artery
Dorsal venus arch

39. What are the layers of vessels
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Splenic artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Dorsal venus arch

40. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Arterial bypass
Incision into an artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
#11 on a #7 handle

41. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Coronary arteries
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

42. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Double armed needles - tapered
Vena cava
To reinforce the anastomosis
Rubber shods

43. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Esophagus
Femoral arteries
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
SA node

44. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Water
Femoral arteries
Basilic vein
Splenic artery

45. What is the peripheral vascular system
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
The popliteal vein
The surgeons hands should be wet

46. Which clamp is removed last
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Femorofemoral bypass
Internal carotid artery
Cramping pain or a dull ache

47. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
6-0
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Hyline cartilage
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

48. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
The surgeons hands should be wet
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
6-0 or 7-0
Ascending aorta

49. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Incision into an artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
The popliteal vein

50. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Vena cava
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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