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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Sarot clamp?
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

2. What are the layers of the heart
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Internal carotid artery
Splenic artery
Arterial embolectomy

3. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
The popliteal vein
Femoral arteries

4. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

5. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Esophagus
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

6. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Coronary arteries
The popliteal vein

7. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Suprarenal artery
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

8. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

9. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Hyline cartilage
#11 on a #7 handle
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

10. What materials are used for stents
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Vena cava
Esophagus

11. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Rubber shods
Arterial bypass

12. When is arterial blood volume decreased
3-0 or 4-0
The popliteal vein
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

13. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Vertebral arteries
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

14. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Rubber shods
Carotid endarterectomy

15. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Basilic vein
Ascending aorta
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

16. What are the layers of vessels
Coronary arteries
Sarot clamp?
SA node
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

17. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Suprarenal artery
Saphenous vein
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

18. What communicate in the circle of willis
Carotid endarterectomy
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

19. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Saphenous vein
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

20. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
4-0 or 5-0
Suprarenal artery
Basilic vein
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

21. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Femorofemoral bypass
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
To reinforce the anastomosis

22. What is blood pressure
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

23. What are pledgets used for
To reinforce the anastomosis
Femorofemoral bypass
Hyline cartilage
Suprarenal artery

24. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Incision into an artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Vena cava
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

25. What are the deep veins of the foot
Arterial embolectomy
Dorsal venus arch
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

26. Where does gas exchange take place
Water
To reinforce the anastomosis
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
In the capillaries

27. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
6-0
Hyline cartilage
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Water

28. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The surgeons hands should be wet
Hyline cartilage
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
In the capillaries

29. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Arterial embolectomy
Sarot clamp?
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

30. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
#11 on a #7 handle
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

31. What are the general characteristics of veins
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

32. What is an ateriotomy
The surgeons hands should be wet
Arterial embolectomy
Incision into an artery
6-0 or 7-0

33. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Esophagus
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Sarot clamp?

34. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
#11 on a #7 handle
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

35. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Rubber shods

36. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
To reinforce the anastomosis
Splenic artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

37. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Arterial bypass
To reinforce the anastomosis
5-0 or 6-0

38. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
6-0
Femorofemoral bypass
Hyline cartilage
Double armed needles - tapered

39. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
5-0 or 6-0
4-0 or 5-0
6-0 or 7-0

40. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Vena cava
Water

41. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
6-0 or 7-0
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
The popliteal vein

42. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Vertebral arteries
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

43. What is claudication
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Dorsal venus arch
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

44. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
The popliteal vein
Coronary arteries
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

45. What are capillaries
5-0 or 6-0
3-0 or 4-0
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

46. What are the sutures for the aorta
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Arterial bypass
3-0 or 4-0
Femorofemoral bypass

47. What is the largest vein
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Water
Saphenous vein
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

48. What type of needle is used for vessels
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
6-0
In the capillaries
Double armed needles - tapered

49. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
The popliteal vein
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Arterial embolectomy
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

50. Which clamp is removed last
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Internal carotid artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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