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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the largest vein
Ascending aorta
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
6-0
Saphenous vein

2. What are capillaries
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Saphenous vein
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

3. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Double armed needles - tapered
6-0 or 7-0
Internal carotid artery
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

4. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
#11 on a #7 handle
Papaverine

5. What type of needle is used for vessels
Suprarenal artery
Saphenous vein
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Double armed needles - tapered

6. Where does gas exchange take place
In the capillaries
5-0 or 6-0
Hyline cartilage
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

7. What is claudication
In the capillaries
Cramping pain or a dull ache
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

8. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
#11 on a #7 handle
Arterial embolectomy
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

9. What are pledgets used for
In the capillaries
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
To reinforce the anastomosis

10. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
5-0 or 6-0
Vertebral arteries
Papaverine
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

11. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Vena cava
Vertebral arteries
Arterial bypass
Papaverine

12. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Vertebral arteries
Papaverine
Incision into an artery

13. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Arterial embolectomy
Suprarenal artery
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Double armed needles - tapered

14. What are the layers of vessels
6-0
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Arterial bypass
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

15. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
4-0 or 5-0
6-0
Femoral arteries
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

16. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Carotid endarterectomy
Splenic artery
6-0 or 7-0

17. What is an ateriotomy
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Water
Incision into an artery

18. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Coronary arteries
Hyline cartilage
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Rubber shods

19. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Dorsal venus arch
Incision into an artery
Vena cava
Femorofemoral bypass

20. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
The surgeons hands should be wet
Femoral arteries
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

21. What is blood pressure
Papaverine
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Hyline cartilage

22. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
The surgeons hands should be wet
Ascending aorta
Femoral arteries

23. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Rubber shods
6-0
Vena cava
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

24. What communicate in the circle of willis
Ascending aorta
Double armed needles - tapered
Internal carotid artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

25. What is an atrial embolism
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
#11 on a #7 handle
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

26. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Femorofemoral bypass
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Dorsal venus arch

27. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Incision into an artery
Femorofemoral bypass
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

28. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
SA node

29. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Water
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

30. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Femorofemoral bypass
Hyline cartilage
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

31. What materials are used for stents
6-0
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Sarot clamp?

32. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Water
Splenic artery
Basilic vein
Hyline cartilage

33. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
6-0 or 7-0
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
In the capillaries
Dorsal venus arch

34. What are the general characteristics of veins
Water
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
6-0
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

35. What arteries supply the myocardium
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Coronary arteries
Water

36. What organ does the gastric artery feed
The surgeons hands should be wet
Esophagus
In the capillaries
Suprarenal artery

37. What are the deep veins of the foot
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Dorsal venus arch
Water
6-0 or 7-0

38. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Cramping pain or a dull ache
6-0
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
#11 on a #7 handle

39. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Arterial embolectomy
Ascending aorta

40. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Dorsal venus arch
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

41. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
3-0 or 4-0
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

42. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
To reinforce the anastomosis
Water
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

43. When is arterial blood volume decreased
6-0
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
#11 on a #7 handle
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

44. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

45. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
6-0 or 7-0
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

46. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Femorofemoral bypass
In the capillaries
The popliteal vein
Dorsal venus arch

47. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Vena cava
Femoral arteries
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

48. What is the peripheral vascular system
Femoral arteries
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Esophagus
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

49. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
6-0

50. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Arterial embolectomy
Arterial bypass
6-0