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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Rubber shods
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
SA node
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

2. When is arterial blood volume decreased
The surgeons hands should be wet
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

3. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The surgeons hands should be wet
Vertebral arteries
SA node
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

4. What are the layers of vessels
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
5-0 or 6-0
The surgeons hands should be wet
Papaverine

5. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
6-0 or 7-0
Arterial bypass
Esophagus

6. What medication is added to saline
Esophagus
Suprarenal artery
#11 on a #7 handle
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

7. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
The popliteal vein
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Vena cava
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

8. What are the deep veins of the foot
Femoral arteries
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Dorsal venus arch
Carotid endarterectomy

9. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Papaverine
Femoral arteries
6-0 or 7-0
Vertebral arteries

10. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Suprarenal artery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
3-0 or 4-0
Carotid endarterectomy

11. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Splenic artery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

12. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Dorsal venus arch
Internal carotid artery

13. What communicate in the circle of willis
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
5-0 or 6-0

14. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
6-0
Basilic vein

15. What are pledgets used for
Arterial embolectomy
To reinforce the anastomosis
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Ascending aorta

16. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Papaverine
Coronary arteries
Femorofemoral bypass
Incision into an artery

17. What is an atrial embolism
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Femoral arteries
4-0 or 5-0

18. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Double armed needles - tapered
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

19. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
5-0 or 6-0
Carotid endarterectomy
Hyline cartilage
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita

20. What factors influence blood pressure
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
SA node
3-0 or 4-0
5-0 or 6-0

21. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Cramping pain or a dull ache
The popliteal vein
4-0 or 5-0
Knitted polyester - woven polyester

22. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
6-0
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Internal carotid artery

23. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Internal carotid artery
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Carotid endarterectomy
SA node

24. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Femoral arteries
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Suprarenal artery

25. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Incision into an artery
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

26. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Water
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Double armed needles - tapered
Carotid endarterectomy

27. Where does gas exchange take place
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
In the capillaries
Papaverine
#11 on a #7 handle

28. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Esophagus
6-0 or 7-0
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Hyline cartilage

29. What is an ateriotomy
6-0 or 7-0
Incision into an artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially

30. What arteries supply the myocardium
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Coronary arteries
Cramping pain or a dull ache

31. What is claudication
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
4-0 or 5-0

32. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Suprarenal artery
4-0 or 5-0

33. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Sarot clamp?
Femorofemoral bypass

34. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Ascending aorta
5-0 or 6-0
6-0 or 7-0

35. What type of needle is used for vessels
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Double armed needles - tapered

36. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Rubber shods
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Suprarenal artery
Sarot clamp?

37. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
4-0 or 5-0
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

38. What is the peripheral vascular system
Carotid endarterectomy
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Dorsal venus arch
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

39. What is the largest vein
Saphenous vein
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
SA node
Ascending aorta

40. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Vertebral arteries
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

41. What is blood pressure
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Femorofemoral bypass
In the capillaries
SA node

42. What are the layers of the heart
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Rubber shods

43. What are the sutures for the aorta
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
3-0 or 4-0

44. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Rubber shods
Splenic artery
Arterial bypass
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

45. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Carotid endarterectomy
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
The surgeons hands should be wet
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

46. What materials are used for stents
Arterial embolectomy
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
3-0 or 4-0
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

47. What are capillaries
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Double armed needles - tapered
Internal carotid artery
Vertebral arteries

48. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Esophagus
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

49. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

50. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Suprarenal artery
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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