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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. What are the layers of vessels
Sarot clamp?
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule

2. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
6-0 or 7-0
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
3-0 or 4-0
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

3. What is an ateriotomy
Incision into an artery
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Arterial embolectomy

4. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
Papaverine
The popliteal vein
5-0 or 6-0
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

5. Where does gas exchange take place
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Saphenous vein
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
In the capillaries

6. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Femoral arteries
Arterial embolectomy
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

7. What materials are used for stents
Saphenous vein
Splenic artery
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

8. What is the peripheral vascular system
The popliteal vein
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
The surgeons hands should be wet
5-0 or 6-0

9. When is arterial blood volume decreased
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Basilic vein
Sarot clamp?
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

10. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Arterial bypass
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

11. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Sarot clamp?
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

12. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Carotid endarterectomy
#11 on a #7 handle
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Splenic artery

13. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
The surgeons hands should be wet
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

14. What are the layers of the heart
6-0 or 7-0
Dorsal venus arch
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Coronary arteries

15. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Arterial bypass
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

16. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Hyline cartilage
Sarot clamp?
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents

17. What organ does the gastric artery feed
Internal carotid artery
Esophagus
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Incision into an artery

18. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
#11 on a #7 handle
Carotid endarterectomy
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

19. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Suprarenal artery
Vertebral arteries
Splenic artery
To reinforce the anastomosis

20. What are delicate sutures tagged with
SA node
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Rubber shods

21. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
Ascending aorta
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
4-0 or 5-0

22. What are the sutures for the aorta
Incision into an artery
3-0 or 4-0
Hyline cartilage
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

23. What is the largest vein
Vena cava
Papaverine
Saphenous vein
Ascending aorta

24. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Suprarenal artery

25. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
5-0 or 6-0
The surgeons hands should be wet

26. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Double armed needles - tapered
Water
Arterial embolectomy
Carotid endarterectomy

27. What is an atrial embolism
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Incision into an artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
The popliteal vein

28. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Rubber shods
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Arterial embolectomy
Femorofemoral bypass

29. What is blood pressure
Basilic vein
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

30. What are capillaries
Coronary arteries
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
The surgeons hands should be wet
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

31. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
5-0 or 6-0
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Rubber shods

32. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
6-0 or 7-0
Saphenous vein
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

33. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Water
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Saphenous vein
Sarot clamp?

34. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Vena cava
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Water

35. What are the general characteristics of veins
Water
Dorsal venus arch
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
SA node

36. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Hyline cartilage
Sarot clamp?
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers

37. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Vertebral arteries
Vena cava

38. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Ascending aorta
Water
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

39. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Ascending aorta
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Internal carotid artery

40. What are pledgets used for
To reinforce the anastomosis
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
5-0 or 6-0
Vena cava

41. What arteries supply the myocardium
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Basilic vein
Coronary arteries
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

42. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Arterial bypass
Basilic vein
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Double armed needles - tapered

43. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
The surgeons hands should be wet
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Femoral arteries
Water

44. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Hyline cartilage
Carotid endarterectomy
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

45. What is the location of the biforcation of the aorta and What vessels are involved
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
SA node
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

46. What is claudication
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Incision into an artery
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

47. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Basilic vein
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side

48. What are the deep veins of the foot
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Dorsal venus arch
Cramping pain or a dull ache

49. What factors influence blood pressure
In the capillaries
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Vertebral arteries

50. What medication is added to saline
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
SA node

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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