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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Coronary arteries
Internal carotid artery
Arterial bypass
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery

2. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Vena cava
The surgeons hands should be wet
#11 on a #7 handle
6-0

3. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
To reinforce the anastomosis
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Vertebral arteries

4. What disease leads to atheroma formation
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Coronary arteries
Sarot clamp?
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

5. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
5-0 or 6-0
Esophagus
The popliteal vein
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

6. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
6-0 or 7-0
3-0 or 4-0

7. What arteries supply the myocardium
The popliteal vein
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
5-0 or 6-0
Coronary arteries

8. What is the peripheral vascular system
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Water
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

9. Which artery feeds the upper digestive tract - spleen - and liver
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Splenic artery

10. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Femorofemoral bypass
SA node
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

11. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Double armed needles - tapered
Coronary arteries
The surgeons hands should be wet
#11 on a #7 handle

12. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Esophagus
The popliteal vein
Incision into an artery

13. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Arterial embolectomy
In the capillaries
5-0 or 6-0
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

14. What are the sutures for the iliac artery
The popliteal vein
4-0 or 5-0
Arterial bypass
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

15. What factors influence blood pressure
Arterial bypass
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
3-0 or 4-0
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

16. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Basilic vein
SA node
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Incision into an artery

17. sutures for posterior tibial - internal carotid - brachial - radial or ulnar
Saphenous vein
6-0 or 7-0
Vena cava
Cramping pain or a dull ache

18. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Femoral arteries
5-0 or 6-0

19. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Sarot clamp?
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Dorsal venus arch
SA node

20. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Basilic vein
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

21. What are capillaries
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
The popliteal vein
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

22. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Hyline cartilage
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

23. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
6-0
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
To reinforce the anastomosis

24. What organ does the gastric artery feed
The surgeons hands should be wet
Ascending aorta
Vena cava
Esophagus

25. What are the layers of the heart
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Hyline cartilage
Arterial bypass

26. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
4-0 or 5-0
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves

27. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Cramping pain or a dull ache
To reinforce the anastomosis
#11 on a #7 handle
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

28. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Rubber shods
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate

29. What are the general characteristics of veins
Carotid endarterectomy
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Esophagus
Hyline cartilage

30. What materials are used for stents
Suprarenal artery
Arterial bypass
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

31. What are pledgets used for
6-0 or 7-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Vertebral arteries
To reinforce the anastomosis

32. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Vena cava
Hyline cartilage
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels

33. What are some special conseriderations for patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Dorsal venus arch
Incision into an artery

34. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
SA node
Internal carotid artery
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Arterial bypass

35. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Carotid endarterectomy
In the capillaries
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

36. What is an ateriotomy
The popliteal vein
Incision into an artery
6-0 or 7-0
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine

37. Where does gas exchange take place
Papaverine
In the capillaries
#11 on a #7 handle
Ascending aorta

38. What are the sutures for the aorta
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
Vena cava
3-0 or 4-0
Esophagus

39. What is the pt position for carotid endoarterectomy
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Arteriosclerosis obliterans

40. What is the largest vein
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
SA node
Double armed needles - tapered
Saphenous vein

41. What communicate in the circle of willis
#11 on a #7 handle
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back

42. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene
Arterial bypass

43. What is an atrial embolism
Papaverine
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Dorsal venus arch
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery

44. What is blood pressure
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

45. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Femorofemoral bypass
Femoral arteries
Splenic artery

46. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Basilic vein
Rubber shods
Carotid endarterectomy
Papaverine

47. What is claudication
Double armed needles - tapered
Coronary arteries
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Arterial bypass

48. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
Papaverine
Arterial embolectomy
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Water

49. Which clamp is removed last
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Internal carotid artery
In the capillaries
Splenic artery

50. What should be done before tying polypropylene sutures
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
The surgeons hands should be wet
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

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