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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What drug is used for arterial vasospasms
Papaverine
3-0 or 4-0
Sarot clamp?
Femoral arteries

2. What type of blade is used for an arteriotomy
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Vertebral arteries
#11 on a #7 handle
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor

3. What vessels are clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Arterial embolectomy
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

4. What are the characteristics of abdominal aneurysms
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

5. What is the largest vein
Suprarenal artery
Vertebral arteries
Carotid endarterectomy
Saphenous vein

6. What are delicate sutures tagged with
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Femorofemoral bypass
Rubber shods
Vertebral arteries

7. What solution is not used during grafting procedures
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Water
Basilic vein

8. What communicate in the circle of willis
Hyline cartilage
Internal carotid artery
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery
6-0

9. What is blood pressure
Vena cava
Esophagus
The force that blood exerts on the internal walls of the vessels
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free

10. When is arterial blood volume decreased
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

11. What medication is added to saline
5-0 or 6-0
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Vertebral arteries
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

12. What are the layers of vessels
Sarot clamp?
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Carotid endarterectomy
Saphenous vein

13. What structures keep the trachea from collapsing
Hyline cartilage
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
5-0 or 6-0
Rubber shods

14. What instrument is used to isolate an artery
Sarot clamp?
Carotid endarterectomy
3-0 or 4-0
Papaverine

15. What do the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite to become
The popliteal vein
Arterial embolectomy
Vertebral arteries
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

16. From What vein is the blood taken to pre-clot the graft
Rubber shods
Incision into an artery
SA node
Vena cava

17. Where does gas exchange take place
Double armed needles - tapered
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
In the capillaries
Arterial embolectomy

18. What is the sequence of clamping in an ateriotomy
Arterial embolectomy
4-0 or 5-0
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

19. What factors influence blood pressure
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Papaverine
Splenic artery

20. What organs does the superior mesenteric artery feed
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
Arterial bypass
Sarot clamp?

21. What vein is on the lateral side of the arm
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Tunica intima - tunica media - & tunica adventita
Basilic vein
Rubber shods

22. What are capillaries
Unpaired - just below the celiac trunk its branches feed the pancreas - duodenum - small intestine
To reinforce the anastomosis
Vessels that are between the arteriols and venule
Papaverine

23. What disease leads to atheroma formation
5-0 or 6-0
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
6-0 or 7-0

24. What arteries supply the brain - head - and neck
Femorofemoral bypass
Coronary arteries
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

25. Where do the coronary arteries arise from
In the capillaries
Ascending aorta
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Femorofemoral bypass

26. What procedure is the javid shunt used for
Arterial bypass
Carotid endarterectomy
Water
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation

27. What are the general characteristics of veins
Coronary arteries
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
Sarot clamp?

28. What is the peripheral vascular system
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
3-0 or 4-0
Papaverine

29. What drugs are used in vascular surgery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Femoral arteries
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

30. What are pledgets used for
3-0 or 4-0
Rubber shods
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
To reinforce the anastomosis

31. What type of retractor is used in an aortofemoral bypass
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
A closed system of vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back
Incision into an artery

32. What is the best approach for an aortofemoral bypass
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Rubber shods
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties
Arterial bypass

33. What is an atrial embolism
#11 on a #7 handle
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Water
Flush then clamp proximal then distal

34. sutures for common carotid or subclavian
Supine with head turned 45 degrees to the unaffected side
SA node
6-0
Carotid endarterectomy

35. Which arteries supply the spinal cord
Hyline cartilage
Vertebral arteries
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Generally fusiform - below the origin of the renal arteries and end at the bifurcation of the iliac arties

36. Which artery feeds the adrenal glands
Femorofemoral bypass
Papaverine
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium
Suprarenal artery

37. What arteries supply the myocardium
Ventricular contraction - resistance - blood viscosity - and heart rate
They have compromised circulation and poor vascularization - and may be diabetic or cigarette smokers
Coronary arteries
SA node

38. What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
4-0 or 5-0
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries

39. Which clamp is removed last
Internal carotid artery
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume
Double armed needles - tapered

40. What structure is the pacemaker of the heart
Dorsal venus arch
6-0 or 7-0
SA node
Stainless steel mesh - titanium - polypropylene

41. What is claudication
Cramping pain or a dull ache
Femorofemoral bypass
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
As the heart beats faster there is less blood volume

42. What procedure is used for an iliac artery obstruction
Double armed needles - tapered
Femorofemoral bypass
Innominate (brachiocephalic) - left common carotid - and the left subclavian arteries
Epicardium - myocardium - and endocardium

43. What does the external iliac artery biforcate into
Sodium heparin 1000/500mL saline - lidocaine with or without epi - papaverine - antibiotic irrigation - hemostatic agents
Arterial bypass
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
Femoral arteries

44. In What procedure is a fogarty catheter used
SA node
Weitlaner self-retaining retractor
Arterial embolectomy
Right common carotid artery and external carotid artery

45. sutures for femoral - popliteal arteries
Blood - fat - air - or portions of tumors that break free
Arteriosclerosis obliterans
5-0 or 6-0
Left & right common iliac arteries are at the 4th lumbar

46. What graft material is not used in the popliteal area
Flush then clamp proximal then distal
Heparin and antibiotics for irrigation
Knitted polyester - woven polyester
The two internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery & the posterior cerebral artery

47. What are the deep veins of the foot
Femorofemoral bypass
5-0 or 6-0
Ascending aorta
Dorsal venus arch

48. What is the prep area for a femoropopliteal bypass
Carotid endarterectomy
Midabdomen to toes & leg circumferentially
Incision into an artery
SA node

49. What organ does the gastric artery feed
To reinforce the anastomosis
Internal carotid then the external carotid then the common carotid artery
Esophagus
Hyline cartilage

50. How is the fogarty baloon catheter used
Thin tunica media - thicker tunica adventita - lumen is larger - have valves
The surgeons hands should be wet
Through the artery to compress the plaque against the wall of the artery
Water