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Test your basic knowledge |
Praxis Physics Basic Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
praxis
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Substances that have mass and occupy space
Compound
Closed Systems (physics)
Nuclear Fission
Matter
2. Splitting of a large nucleus into smaller pieces
Open Systems (physics)
Alpha Rays
Beta Rays
Nuclear Fission
3. A change that does not result in different substances; when an object changes form but not compostion.
Atomic Mass
Perpetual Motion
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Physical Changes
4. Causes an electron to detach from an atom; occurs in radioactive reactions. Three types: 1. Alpha 2. Beta 3. Gamma
Entropy
Mixtures
Radioactive Decay
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
5. The measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the density of water.
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Alpha Rays
Specific Gravity
Volume
6. Substances that consist of only one type of atom
Elements
Alpha Rays
Work
Radioactive Isotopes
7. Joining of two nuclei; occurs under extreme temperatures and pressure. Fusion occurs naturally in stars (responsible for the release of great energy).
Nuclear Fusion
Physical Changes
Isolated System (physics)
Water displacement
8. Attributes such as appearance - color - mass - and volume.
Stable Isotopes
Radioisotopes
Specific Gravity
Physical properties
9. Measure of the amount of mass per unit volume.
Solutions
Density
Matter
Heat
10. Can be Beta - Minus or Beta Plus. Beta - Minus: contain an energetic electron Beta - plus: emitted by positrons and can result in gamma photons. Beta particles can be stopped by thin metal.
Radioactive Half - life
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Beta Rays
Open Systems (physics)
11. 1st (K Shell) = 2 electrons - 2nd (L Shell) = 8 electrons - 3rd (M Shell) = 18 electrons - 4th (N Shell) = 32 electrons
Nuclear Fission
Specific Gravity
Electron Shell Configuration
Mixtures
12. Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and can undergo spontaneous nuclear reactions which results in particle or radiation being emitted.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Mass
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
13. When energy is emitted by one body and absorbed by another
Radiation
Open Systems (physics)
Perpetual Motion
Electron Shell Configuration
14. Total Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in a system
Thermal Energy
Molecule
First Law of Thermodynamics
Radioactive Isotopes
15. A System that cannot exchange heat - work - or matter with its surroundings. Total Energy & Mass stay constant w/in system
Physical properties
Isolated System (physics)
Entropy
Radioisotopes
16. Substance containing two or more elements; formed by chemical reactions. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction
Perpetual Motion
Nuclear Fusion
Compound
Elements
17. Refers to the fact that the total amount of energy in a closed system is constant
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Conservation of Energy
Radioisotopes
Mixtures
18. Measure of the amount of substance in an object
Compound
Mass
Nuclear Fusion
Radiation
19. Measurement of Work
Chemical Change
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Joule
Mixtures
20. Refers to the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for work. (also used to describe the amount of disorder in a group)
Radioactive Decay
Atomic Weight
Entropy
Kinetic Energy
21. Hydrogen and Helium are the most abundant. Than Oxygen - Neon - Nitrogen - Carbon - Silicon - and Magnesium.
Heat
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Matter
Atoms
22. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Atomic Mass
Radiation
Thermal Energy
Molecule
23. Branch of Physics that studies the conversion of energy into work and heat. Concerned w/ variables such as temperature - volume - and pressure
Nuclear Fusion
Thermodynamics
Nuclear Fission
Atomic Mass
24. Rate at which work is performed
Power
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Atomic Weight
Mixtures
25. The quantity of energy transferred by one system to another due to changes in a system that is the result of external forces; also can be described as the amount of energy that must be transferred to overcome a force.
Molecule
Gamma Rays
Work
Potential Energy
26. Transfer of Energy from a body or system as a result of thermal contact. Heat consists of random motion and the vibration of atoms - molecules - & ions. Higher the temperature - greater the atomic/molecular motion
Thermal Energy
Physical Changes
Elements
Heat
27. Atoms that have an unstable nucleus that has excess energy and the potential to make radiation particles within the nucleus or undergo radioactive decay which can result in the emission of gamma rays. May occur naturally or artificially produced.
Atomic Weight
Entropy
Radioisotopes
Electron Shell Configuration
28. A misguided belief that a system can continuously produce more energy than it consumes.
Specific Gravity
Beta Rays
Perpetual Motion
Isotope
29. A system that can exchange heat and work - but not matter
Three states of matter
Closed Systems (physics)
Kinetic Energy
Conservation of Energy
30. Properties concerned with the constituent particles that make up a substance. Can include: Atomic Number - Category - Group - Period - Block - weight - electron configuration - electrons per shell - phase - density - Sublimation point - specific heat
Mixtures
Specific Gravity
Radioactivity
Chemical Properties
31. Refers to everything outside a thermodynamic system.
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Energy
Power
Radioactive Decay
32. Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work. (through the process of heat)
Solutions
Closed Systems (physics)
Thermal Contact
Molecule
33. Measure of gravitational pull of Earth on an object or between two bodies
Mixtures
Radioactive Half - life
Weight
Radioactive Isotopes
34. Positive; larger than Beta. Because of their large mass they can be easily stopped (even with a sheet of paper.) Can cause severe damage if ingested.
Weight
Stable Isotopes
Alpha Rays
Elements
35. The smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of an element; consists of three main types of subatomic particles: protons neutrons and electrons.
Atoms
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Weight
Specific Gravity
36. A change that results in a different substance. They may release or consume energy.
Chemical Change
Radioactive Half - life
Solutions
Thermal Contact
37. A Machine that converts thermal energy to mechanical energy that can be used to do work
Heat Engine
Kinetic Energy
Isolated System (physics)
First Law of Thermodynamics
38. Measurement of the amount of cubic space occupied.
Matter
Electron Shell Configuration
Atomic Weight
Volume
39. Type of High energy electromagnetic radiation consisting of photons. It rids the decaying nucleus of excess energy after it has emitted either alpha or beta radiation. They can cause serious damage to living tissue. It takes thick lead to stop them.
Physical Changes
Gamma Rays
Heat
Three states of matter
40. The capacity for doing work that is based upon position or configuration.
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Radioisotopes
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Potential Energy
41. Solid - Liquid - Gas
Three states of matter
Water displacement
Power
Compound
42. Capable of interacting with a surrounding environment and can exchange heat - work (energy) and matter outside their system boundaries
Open Systems (physics)
Joule
Compound
Potential Energy
43. Refers to the energy of an object in motion.
Mixtures
Conservation of Energy
Kinetic Energy
Physical Changes
44. Refers to the particles that are emitted from nuclei as a result of nuclear instability
Volume
Weight
Power
Radioactivity
45. Conservation of Energy (energy can only be transferred - not created or destroyed)
Radioactive Half - life
First Law of Thermodynamics
Atomic Mass
Gamma Rays
46. This refers to objects that have the same temperature b/c heat is transferred between them to reach equilibrium
Atomic Mass
Radioactive Isotopes
Radioactivity
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
47. A variation of an atom; occur when the number of protons in the nucleus are the same but the number of neutrons are not. Written as the element plus the number of Neucleons (i.e. Carbon -13 (6 Protons - 7 Neutrons)
Isotope
Open Systems (physics)
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Chemical Change
48. How do you determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?
Radioactive Isotopes
Radiation
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Water displacement
49. Contain two or more substances that are combined but have not reacted chemically. They can be separated using physical methods
Kinetic Energy
Matter
Mixtures
Radioactive Half - life
50. Occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus spontaneously loses energy by emitting ionizing particles & radiation. It is a form of energy transfer. Before Decay = parent nuclide After Decay = Daughter nuclide (s)
Power
Radioactive Decay
Volume
Heat Engine