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Test your basic knowledge |
Praxis Physics Basic Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
praxis
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Transfer of Energy from a body or system as a result of thermal contact. Heat consists of random motion and the vibration of atoms - molecules - & ions. Higher the temperature - greater the atomic/molecular motion
First Law of Thermodynamics
Density
Compound
Heat
2. 1st (K Shell) = 2 electrons - 2nd (L Shell) = 8 electrons - 3rd (M Shell) = 18 electrons - 4th (N Shell) = 32 electrons
Physical Changes
Work
Electron Shell Configuration
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
3. Substances that consist of only one type of atom
Physical properties
First Law of Thermodynamics
Atoms
Elements
4. Measure of the amount of mass per unit volume.
Radioactive Isotopes
Density
Chemical Properties
Beta Rays
5. Contain two or more substances that are combined but have not reacted chemically. They can be separated using physical methods
Radioactivity
Alpha Rays
Isotope
Mixtures
6. Isotopes that have not been observed to decay
Stable Isotopes
Work
Radioisotopes
Radiation
7. Causes an electron to detach from an atom; occurs in radioactive reactions. Three types: 1. Alpha 2. Beta 3. Gamma
Heat Engine
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Nuclear Fusion
Physical Changes
8. Rate at which work is performed
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Perpetual Motion
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Power
9. Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work. (through the process of heat)
Entropy
Gamma Rays
Thermal Contact
Heat
10. Refers to the energy of an object in motion.
Mixtures
Kinetic Energy
Specific Gravity
Heat
11. This refers to objects that have the same temperature b/c heat is transferred between them to reach equilibrium
Entropy
Closed Systems (physics)
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Elements
12. A change that results in a different substance. They may release or consume energy.
Joule
Chemical Change
Density
Water displacement
13. Branch of Physics that studies the conversion of energy into work and heat. Concerned w/ variables such as temperature - volume - and pressure
Electron Shell Configuration
Thermodynamics
Nuclear Fission
Gamma Rays
14. Joining of two nuclei; occurs under extreme temperatures and pressure. Fusion occurs naturally in stars (responsible for the release of great energy).
Radioactive Decay
Radioactivity
Power
Nuclear Fusion
15. A change that does not result in different substances; when an object changes form but not compostion.
Thermodynamics
Physical Changes
Work
Mixtures
16. Atoms that have an unstable nucleus that has excess energy and the potential to make radiation particles within the nucleus or undergo radioactive decay which can result in the emission of gamma rays. May occur naturally or artificially produced.
Potential Energy
Water displacement
Volume
Radioisotopes
17. Total Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in a system
Thermal Energy
Nuclear Fusion
Chemical Properties
Surrounding Environment (physics)
18. Substances that have mass and occupy space
Matter
Volume
Mass
Entropy
19. Attributes such as appearance - color - mass - and volume.
Volume
Heat Engine
Physical properties
Elements
20. Substance containing two or more elements; formed by chemical reactions. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction
Compound
Radioactive Half - life
Thermal Contact
Radiation
21. Measure of the amount of substance in an object
Thermal Energy
Mass
Gamma Rays
Density
22. Refers to the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for work. (also used to describe the amount of disorder in a group)
Entropy
Matter
Atomic Mass
Nuclear Fusion
23. Refers to the fact that the total amount of energy in a closed system is constant
Conservation of Energy
Power
Three states of matter
Kinetic Energy
24. Hydrogen and Helium are the most abundant. Than Oxygen - Neon - Nitrogen - Carbon - Silicon - and Magnesium.
Weight
Radioisotopes
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Entropy
25. A variation of an atom; occur when the number of protons in the nucleus are the same but the number of neutrons are not. Written as the element plus the number of Neucleons (i.e. Carbon -13 (6 Protons - 7 Neutrons)
Radioactivity
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Isotope
26. Capable of interacting with a surrounding environment and can exchange heat - work (energy) and matter outside their system boundaries
Compound
Volume
Nuclear Fission
Open Systems (physics)
27. Solid - Liquid - Gas
Entropy
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Three states of matter
Solutions
28. Measurement of the amount of cubic space occupied.
Atomic Weight
Volume
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Isolated System (physics)
29. Properties concerned with the constituent particles that make up a substance. Can include: Atomic Number - Category - Group - Period - Block - weight - electron configuration - electrons per shell - phase - density - Sublimation point - specific heat
Chemical Properties
Mass
Mixtures
Gamma Rays
30. Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and can undergo spontaneous nuclear reactions which results in particle or radiation being emitted.
Heat
Isolated System (physics)
Compound
Radioactive Isotopes
31. Measure of gravitational pull of Earth on an object or between two bodies
Stable Isotopes
Density
Weight
Energy
32. The capacity to do work
Energy
Isolated System (physics)
Radioactive Decay
Surrounding Environment (physics)
33. A system that can exchange heat and work - but not matter
Thermodynamics
Closed Systems (physics)
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Physical properties
34. Conservation of Energy (energy can only be transferred - not created or destroyed)
Atomic Mass
Atoms
First Law of Thermodynamics
Nuclear Fusion
35. Homogeneous mixtures composed of two or more substances that have become one
Density
Thermodynamics
Heat Engine
Solutions
36. Refers to everything outside a thermodynamic system.
Physical Changes
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Potential Energy
Elements
37. The measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the density of water.
Energy
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Specific Gravity
Thermal Contact
38. Refers to the particles that are emitted from nuclei as a result of nuclear instability
Potential Energy
Radioactive Decay
Physical properties
Radioactivity
39. Occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus spontaneously loses energy by emitting ionizing particles & radiation. It is a form of energy transfer. Before Decay = parent nuclide After Decay = Daughter nuclide (s)
Radioactive Decay
Water displacement
Mass
Conservation of Energy
40. Ratio of the average mass per atom of a sample (which can include various isotopes) to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon -12.
Atomic Weight
Volume
Nuclear Fusion
Chemical Properties
41. The quantity of energy transferred by one system to another due to changes in a system that is the result of external forces; also can be described as the amount of energy that must be transferred to overcome a force.
Work
Radiation
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Atoms
42. A System that cannot exchange heat - work - or matter with its surroundings. Total Energy & Mass stay constant w/in system
Work
Isolated System (physics)
Joule
Mixtures
43. Splitting of a large nucleus into smaller pieces
Atoms
Water displacement
Nuclear Fission
Radioactive Half - life
44. The time it takes for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to undergo radioactive decay.
Radioisotopes
Thermal Contact
Radioactive Half - life
Radioactive Decay
45. The smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of an element; consists of three main types of subatomic particles: protons neutrons and electrons.
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Beta Rays
Atoms
Atomic Mass
46. Type of High energy electromagnetic radiation consisting of photons. It rids the decaying nucleus of excess energy after it has emitted either alpha or beta radiation. They can cause serious damage to living tissue. It takes thick lead to stop them.
Alpha Rays
Gamma Rays
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Closed Systems (physics)
47. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Thermal Energy
Molecule
Thermodynamics
Electron Shell Configuration
48. AKA Mass Number. The total number of protons and Neutrons in the nucleus of an atoms. Referred to as 'A.'
Chemical Change
Alpha Rays
Chemical Properties
Atomic Mass
49. A misguided belief that a system can continuously produce more energy than it consumes.
Nuclear Fission
Solutions
Perpetual Motion
Radioactivity
50. Measurement of Work
Joule
Elements
Perpetual Motion
Volume