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Test your basic knowledge |
Praxis Physics Basic Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
praxis
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Hydrogen and Helium are the most abundant. Than Oxygen - Neon - Nitrogen - Carbon - Silicon - and Magnesium.
Joule
First Law of Thermodynamics
Alpha Rays
Most abundant Elements in Universe
2. The capacity for doing work that is based upon position or configuration.
Potential Energy
Nuclear Fission
Atomic Mass
Beta Rays
3. A change that results in a different substance. They may release or consume energy.
Chemical Change
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Physical properties
Molecule
4. Conservation of Energy (energy can only be transferred - not created or destroyed)
Electron Shell Configuration
Nuclear Fission
First Law of Thermodynamics
Mass
5. Capable of interacting with a surrounding environment and can exchange heat - work (energy) and matter outside their system boundaries
Atoms
Open Systems (physics)
Atomic Weight
Solutions
6. How do you determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?
Thermodynamics
Water displacement
Thermal Energy
Nuclear Fission
7. Occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus spontaneously loses energy by emitting ionizing particles & radiation. It is a form of energy transfer. Before Decay = parent nuclide After Decay = Daughter nuclide (s)
Nuclear Fusion
Thermal Energy
Power
Radioactive Decay
8. Measure of the amount of mass per unit volume.
Chemical Properties
Density
Radioactive Isotopes
First Law of Thermodynamics
9. This refers to objects that have the same temperature b/c heat is transferred between them to reach equilibrium
Chemical Change
Power
Physical properties
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
10. A Machine that converts thermal energy to mechanical energy that can be used to do work
Chemical Properties
Beta Rays
Heat Engine
Conservation of Energy
11. Transfer of Energy from a body or system as a result of thermal contact. Heat consists of random motion and the vibration of atoms - molecules - & ions. Higher the temperature - greater the atomic/molecular motion
Thermal Contact
Weight
Joule
Heat
12. Refers to the energy of an object in motion.
Work
Radioactive Decay
Kinetic Energy
Radioactive Half - life
13. Refers to the fact that the total amount of energy in a closed system is constant
Alpha Rays
Conservation of Energy
Compound
Closed Systems (physics)
14. The measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the density of water.
Atomic Mass
Specific Gravity
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Beta Rays
15. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Volume
Molecule
Physical Changes
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
16. Contain two or more substances that are combined but have not reacted chemically. They can be separated using physical methods
Mixtures
Matter
Elements
Alpha Rays
17. Attributes such as appearance - color - mass - and volume.
Radiation
Density
Physical properties
Energy
18. Measure of the amount of substance in an object
Solutions
Specific Gravity
Mass
Physical properties
19. AKA Mass Number. The total number of protons and Neutrons in the nucleus of an atoms. Referred to as 'A.'
Atomic Mass
Solutions
Thermodynamics
Water displacement
20. A misguided belief that a system can continuously produce more energy than it consumes.
Isolated System (physics)
Perpetual Motion
Radioactivity
Specific Gravity
21. Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and can undergo spontaneous nuclear reactions which results in particle or radiation being emitted.
Potential Energy
Compound
Water displacement
Radioactive Isotopes
22. 1st (K Shell) = 2 electrons - 2nd (L Shell) = 8 electrons - 3rd (M Shell) = 18 electrons - 4th (N Shell) = 32 electrons
Electron Shell Configuration
Water displacement
Atoms
Closed Systems (physics)
23. A change that does not result in different substances; when an object changes form but not compostion.
Physical Changes
Entropy
First Law of Thermodynamics
Work
24. The time it takes for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to undergo radioactive decay.
Kinetic Energy
Thermodynamics
Radioactive Half - life
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
25. Homogeneous mixtures composed of two or more substances that have become one
Closed Systems (physics)
Solutions
Nuclear Fusion
Radioactive Decay
26. Measurement of the amount of cubic space occupied.
Kinetic Energy
Entropy
Potential Energy
Volume
27. Positive; larger than Beta. Because of their large mass they can be easily stopped (even with a sheet of paper.) Can cause severe damage if ingested.
Chemical Properties
Radioactivity
Chemical Change
Alpha Rays
28. Branch of Physics that studies the conversion of energy into work and heat. Concerned w/ variables such as temperature - volume - and pressure
Thermodynamics
Nuclear Fission
Mixtures
Power
29. Measurement of Work
Solutions
Open Systems (physics)
Closed Systems (physics)
Joule
30. When energy is emitted by one body and absorbed by another
Alpha Rays
Potential Energy
Radiation
Chemical Properties
31. Atoms that have an unstable nucleus that has excess energy and the potential to make radiation particles within the nucleus or undergo radioactive decay which can result in the emission of gamma rays. May occur naturally or artificially produced.
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Solutions
Thermal Energy
Radioisotopes
32. Can be Beta - Minus or Beta Plus. Beta - Minus: contain an energetic electron Beta - plus: emitted by positrons and can result in gamma photons. Beta particles can be stopped by thin metal.
Work
Radioactive Half - life
Beta Rays
Water displacement
33. Refers to everything outside a thermodynamic system.
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Thermodynamics
Water displacement
34. The smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of an element; consists of three main types of subatomic particles: protons neutrons and electrons.
Mass
Radioactive Half - life
Atoms
Matter
35. Substance containing two or more elements; formed by chemical reactions. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction
Chemical Properties
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Compound
36. Type of High energy electromagnetic radiation consisting of photons. It rids the decaying nucleus of excess energy after it has emitted either alpha or beta radiation. They can cause serious damage to living tissue. It takes thick lead to stop them.
Thermal Contact
Energy
Gamma Rays
Heat Engine
37. A variation of an atom; occur when the number of protons in the nucleus are the same but the number of neutrons are not. Written as the element plus the number of Neucleons (i.e. Carbon -13 (6 Protons - 7 Neutrons)
Radioactivity
Molecule
Isotope
Mass
38. Ratio of the average mass per atom of a sample (which can include various isotopes) to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon -12.
Mass
Gamma Rays
Atoms
Atomic Weight
39. The capacity to do work
Electron Shell Configuration
Solutions
Nuclear Fission
Energy
40. Measure of gravitational pull of Earth on an object or between two bodies
Thermal Energy
Weight
Radiation
Mixtures
41. Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work. (through the process of heat)
Beta Rays
Open Systems (physics)
Physical Changes
Thermal Contact
42. A System that cannot exchange heat - work - or matter with its surroundings. Total Energy & Mass stay constant w/in system
Isolated System (physics)
Chemical Change
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Radioactive Half - life
43. Refers to the particles that are emitted from nuclei as a result of nuclear instability
Radioactivity
Electron Shell Configuration
Radioactive Isotopes
Radiation
44. Total Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in a system
Three states of matter
Closed Systems (physics)
Water displacement
Thermal Energy
45. Refers to the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for work. (also used to describe the amount of disorder in a group)
Entropy
Open Systems (physics)
Specific Gravity
Three states of matter
46. Causes an electron to detach from an atom; occurs in radioactive reactions. Three types: 1. Alpha 2. Beta 3. Gamma
Radioisotopes
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Kinetic Energy
Beta Rays
47. Substances that consist of only one type of atom
Atoms
Elements
Nuclear Fission
Potential Energy
48. Rate at which work is performed
Power
Heat Engine
Solutions
First Law of Thermodynamics
49. Isotopes that have not been observed to decay
Thermodynamics
Perpetual Motion
Elements
Stable Isotopes
50. The quantity of energy transferred by one system to another due to changes in a system that is the result of external forces; also can be described as the amount of energy that must be transferred to overcome a force.
Open Systems (physics)
Radioactivity
Weight
Work