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Test your basic knowledge |
Praxis Physics Basic Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
praxis
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A variation of an atom; occur when the number of protons in the nucleus are the same but the number of neutrons are not. Written as the element plus the number of Neucleons (i.e. Carbon -13 (6 Protons - 7 Neutrons)
Thermal Energy
Alpha Rays
Isotope
Solutions
2. Substances that consist of only one type of atom
Elements
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Density
Energy
3. Measurement of the amount of cubic space occupied.
Volume
Specific Gravity
Isolated System (physics)
Atomic Mass
4. Solid - Liquid - Gas
Radioactivity
Atoms
Physical properties
Three states of matter
5. Substances that have mass and occupy space
Beta Rays
Heat
Matter
Thermodynamics
6. The time it takes for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to undergo radioactive decay.
Radioactivity
Potential Energy
Radioactive Half - life
Perpetual Motion
7. Refers to the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for work. (also used to describe the amount of disorder in a group)
Radioactive Isotopes
Thermal Energy
Beta Rays
Entropy
8. Conservation of Energy (energy can only be transferred - not created or destroyed)
First Law of Thermodynamics
Thermal Contact
Volume
Physical Changes
9. A change that does not result in different substances; when an object changes form but not compostion.
Matter
Radioactive Half - life
Molecule
Physical Changes
10. Ratio of the average mass per atom of a sample (which can include various isotopes) to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon -12.
Atomic Weight
Gamma Rays
Heat
Specific Gravity
11. Measure of the amount of mass per unit volume.
Open Systems (physics)
Potential Energy
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Density
12. Isotopes that have not been observed to decay
Kinetic Energy
Stable Isotopes
Thermodynamics
Solutions
13. Transfer of Energy from a body or system as a result of thermal contact. Heat consists of random motion and the vibration of atoms - molecules - & ions. Higher the temperature - greater the atomic/molecular motion
Heat
First Law of Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
Radioisotopes
14. The quantity of energy transferred by one system to another due to changes in a system that is the result of external forces; also can be described as the amount of energy that must be transferred to overcome a force.
Physical Changes
Work
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Nuclear Fusion
15. Causes an electron to detach from an atom; occurs in radioactive reactions. Three types: 1. Alpha 2. Beta 3. Gamma
Weight
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Heat Engine
Work
16. Positive; larger than Beta. Because of their large mass they can be easily stopped (even with a sheet of paper.) Can cause severe damage if ingested.
Conservation of Energy
Thermal Energy
Alpha Rays
Atomic Mass
17. 1st (K Shell) = 2 electrons - 2nd (L Shell) = 8 electrons - 3rd (M Shell) = 18 electrons - 4th (N Shell) = 32 electrons
Molecule
Electron Shell Configuration
Perpetual Motion
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
18. Measure of the amount of substance in an object
Molecule
Mass
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Water displacement
19. Homogeneous mixtures composed of two or more substances that have become one
Solutions
Radioactive Isotopes
Energy
Elements
20. Joining of two nuclei; occurs under extreme temperatures and pressure. Fusion occurs naturally in stars (responsible for the release of great energy).
Nuclear Fusion
Radioactive Half - life
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Heat
21. Occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus spontaneously loses energy by emitting ionizing particles & radiation. It is a form of energy transfer. Before Decay = parent nuclide After Decay = Daughter nuclide (s)
Solutions
Density
Radioactivity
Radioactive Decay
22. Measure of gravitational pull of Earth on an object or between two bodies
Chemical Properties
Atomic Weight
Volume
Weight
23. Properties concerned with the constituent particles that make up a substance. Can include: Atomic Number - Category - Group - Period - Block - weight - electron configuration - electrons per shell - phase - density - Sublimation point - specific heat
Chemical Properties
Radioisotopes
Beta Rays
Gamma Rays
24. Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and can undergo spontaneous nuclear reactions which results in particle or radiation being emitted.
Radioactive Isotopes
Alpha Rays
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
25. Substance containing two or more elements; formed by chemical reactions. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction
Thermal Energy
Radioisotopes
Compound
Chemical Change
26. Total Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in a system
Energy
Thermal Energy
Entropy
Gamma Rays
27. Type of High energy electromagnetic radiation consisting of photons. It rids the decaying nucleus of excess energy after it has emitted either alpha or beta radiation. They can cause serious damage to living tissue. It takes thick lead to stop them.
Gamma Rays
Mixtures
Beta Rays
Joule
28. Rate at which work is performed
Joule
Elements
Power
Electron Shell Configuration
29. Contain two or more substances that are combined but have not reacted chemically. They can be separated using physical methods
Molecule
Mixtures
Solutions
Thermal Energy
30. A System that cannot exchange heat - work - or matter with its surroundings. Total Energy & Mass stay constant w/in system
Stable Isotopes
Isolated System (physics)
Closed Systems (physics)
Gamma Rays
31. The measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the density of water.
Radioisotopes
Atomic Mass
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Specific Gravity
32. Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work. (through the process of heat)
Physical Changes
Atomic Weight
Thermal Contact
Nuclear Fission
33. Refers to the energy of an object in motion.
Kinetic Energy
Entropy
Volume
Physical Changes
34. Splitting of a large nucleus into smaller pieces
Heat Engine
Atomic Mass
Atoms
Nuclear Fission
35. A change that results in a different substance. They may release or consume energy.
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Radioactive Isotopes
Perpetual Motion
Chemical Change
36. Branch of Physics that studies the conversion of energy into work and heat. Concerned w/ variables such as temperature - volume - and pressure
Molecule
First Law of Thermodynamics
Stable Isotopes
Thermodynamics
37. The capacity to do work
Nuclear Fusion
First Law of Thermodynamics
Energy
Atomic Mass
38. Attributes such as appearance - color - mass - and volume.
Three states of matter
Electron Shell Configuration
Physical properties
Alpha Rays
39. Measurement of Work
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Chemical Properties
Nuclear Fusion
Joule
40. Can be Beta - Minus or Beta Plus. Beta - Minus: contain an energetic electron Beta - plus: emitted by positrons and can result in gamma photons. Beta particles can be stopped by thin metal.
Beta Rays
Three states of matter
Alpha Rays
Mixtures
41. The capacity for doing work that is based upon position or configuration.
Potential Energy
Radioactive Half - life
Elements
Alpha Rays
42. Capable of interacting with a surrounding environment and can exchange heat - work (energy) and matter outside their system boundaries
Isolated System (physics)
Matter
Open Systems (physics)
Physical Changes
43. Atoms that have an unstable nucleus that has excess energy and the potential to make radiation particles within the nucleus or undergo radioactive decay which can result in the emission of gamma rays. May occur naturally or artificially produced.
Matter
Energy
Radioisotopes
Conservation of Energy
44. Refers to the particles that are emitted from nuclei as a result of nuclear instability
Thermodynamics
Radiation
Radioactivity
Solutions
45. Refers to everything outside a thermodynamic system.
Physical properties
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Matter
Specific Gravity
46. Hydrogen and Helium are the most abundant. Than Oxygen - Neon - Nitrogen - Carbon - Silicon - and Magnesium.
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Physical properties
Perpetual Motion
Radioactive Decay
47. When energy is emitted by one body and absorbed by another
Alpha Rays
Perpetual Motion
Radiation
Potential Energy
48. AKA Mass Number. The total number of protons and Neutrons in the nucleus of an atoms. Referred to as 'A.'
Thermal Energy
Atomic Mass
Heat Engine
Nuclear Fission
49. How do you determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?
Volume
Nuclear Fusion
Water displacement
Chemical Change
50. Refers to the fact that the total amount of energy in a closed system is constant
Conservation of Energy
Potential Energy
Gamma Rays
Water displacement