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Test your basic knowledge |
Praxis Physics Basic Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
praxis
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Kinetic Energy
Closed Systems (physics)
First Law of Thermodynamics
Molecule
2. Refers to everything outside a thermodynamic system.
Atomic Weight
Perpetual Motion
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Solutions
3. When energy is emitted by one body and absorbed by another
Nuclear Fusion
Radiation
Physical Changes
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
4. The quantity of energy transferred by one system to another due to changes in a system that is the result of external forces; also can be described as the amount of energy that must be transferred to overcome a force.
Work
Mass
Atoms
Atomic Mass
5. Capable of interacting with a surrounding environment and can exchange heat - work (energy) and matter outside their system boundaries
Isotope
Work
Open Systems (physics)
Beta Rays
6. Positive; larger than Beta. Because of their large mass they can be easily stopped (even with a sheet of paper.) Can cause severe damage if ingested.
Mass
Alpha Rays
Joule
Weight
7. Measure of the amount of mass per unit volume.
Solutions
Work
Density
Gamma Rays
8. Refers to the energy of an object in motion.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Kinetic Energy
Solutions
Power
9. Refers to the fact that the total amount of energy in a closed system is constant
Joule
Conservation of Energy
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Isolated System (physics)
10. A misguided belief that a system can continuously produce more energy than it consumes.
Radioactive Half - life
Atoms
Perpetual Motion
Nuclear Fission
11. Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work. (through the process of heat)
Heat
Mass
Stable Isotopes
Thermal Contact
12. The smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of an element; consists of three main types of subatomic particles: protons neutrons and electrons.
Atoms
Thermal Contact
Water displacement
Work
13. Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and can undergo spontaneous nuclear reactions which results in particle or radiation being emitted.
Perpetual Motion
Joule
Radioactive Isotopes
Radioactive Decay
14. A Machine that converts thermal energy to mechanical energy that can be used to do work
Conservation of Energy
Matter
Heat Engine
Volume
15. Contain two or more substances that are combined but have not reacted chemically. They can be separated using physical methods
Mixtures
Kinetic Energy
Volume
Radioactive Half - life
16. The measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the density of water.
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Beta Rays
Elements
Specific Gravity
17. Refers to the particles that are emitted from nuclei as a result of nuclear instability
Radioactivity
Nuclear Fusion
Three states of matter
Radiation
18. Isotopes that have not been observed to decay
Electron Shell Configuration
Stable Isotopes
Thermal Energy
Radioisotopes
19. Transfer of Energy from a body or system as a result of thermal contact. Heat consists of random motion and the vibration of atoms - molecules - & ions. Higher the temperature - greater the atomic/molecular motion
Chemical Change
Radioactive Half - life
Heat
Joule
20. Type of High energy electromagnetic radiation consisting of photons. It rids the decaying nucleus of excess energy after it has emitted either alpha or beta radiation. They can cause serious damage to living tissue. It takes thick lead to stop them.
Radioisotopes
Mixtures
Gamma Rays
Physical Changes
21. Measure of the amount of substance in an object
Chemical Change
Atomic Weight
Mass
Closed Systems (physics)
22. Solid - Liquid - Gas
Molecule
Three states of matter
Isolated System (physics)
Thermal Energy
23. A system that can exchange heat and work - but not matter
Electron Shell Configuration
Closed Systems (physics)
Solutions
Perpetual Motion
24. Occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus spontaneously loses energy by emitting ionizing particles & radiation. It is a form of energy transfer. Before Decay = parent nuclide After Decay = Daughter nuclide (s)
Radioactive Decay
Atoms
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Elements
25. The capacity to do work
Specific Gravity
Energy
Mixtures
Radioactive Isotopes
26. The capacity for doing work that is based upon position or configuration.
Nuclear Fusion
Potential Energy
Joule
Perpetual Motion
27. Rate at which work is performed
Isotope
Power
Thermal Energy
Radioisotopes
28. Substances that have mass and occupy space
Matter
Specific Gravity
Heat Engine
Radioisotopes
29. Conservation of Energy (energy can only be transferred - not created or destroyed)
First Law of Thermodynamics
Nuclear Fission
Matter
Chemical Change
30. Ratio of the average mass per atom of a sample (which can include various isotopes) to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon -12.
Atomic Weight
Matter
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Thermal Energy
31. Substance containing two or more elements; formed by chemical reactions. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction
Heat Engine
Isolated System (physics)
Compound
Thermal Contact
32. Substances that consist of only one type of atom
Chemical Change
Matter
Nuclear Fission
Elements
33. Total Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in a system
Isolated System (physics)
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Radioactive Decay
Thermal Energy
34. Can be Beta - Minus or Beta Plus. Beta - Minus: contain an energetic electron Beta - plus: emitted by positrons and can result in gamma photons. Beta particles can be stopped by thin metal.
Specific Gravity
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Beta Rays
Radioactive Isotopes
35. Refers to the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for work. (also used to describe the amount of disorder in a group)
Thermodynamics
Radioisotopes
Density
Entropy
36. A variation of an atom; occur when the number of protons in the nucleus are the same but the number of neutrons are not. Written as the element plus the number of Neucleons (i.e. Carbon -13 (6 Protons - 7 Neutrons)
Solutions
Alpha Rays
Isotope
Physical properties
37. 1st (K Shell) = 2 electrons - 2nd (L Shell) = 8 electrons - 3rd (M Shell) = 18 electrons - 4th (N Shell) = 32 electrons
Thermodynamics
Electron Shell Configuration
Kinetic Energy
Atoms
38. Branch of Physics that studies the conversion of energy into work and heat. Concerned w/ variables such as temperature - volume - and pressure
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Thermodynamics
Heat
Chemical Properties
39. A change that results in a different substance. They may release or consume energy.
Chemical Change
Thermal Contact
Water displacement
Matter
40. AKA Mass Number. The total number of protons and Neutrons in the nucleus of an atoms. Referred to as 'A.'
Perpetual Motion
Elements
Atomic Mass
Thermal Energy
41. Causes an electron to detach from an atom; occurs in radioactive reactions. Three types: 1. Alpha 2. Beta 3. Gamma
Solutions
Radioactive Decay
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Three states of matter
42. Hydrogen and Helium are the most abundant. Than Oxygen - Neon - Nitrogen - Carbon - Silicon - and Magnesium.
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Joule
Nuclear Fusion
43. How do you determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?
Water displacement
Closed Systems (physics)
Physical Changes
Gamma Rays
44. Properties concerned with the constituent particles that make up a substance. Can include: Atomic Number - Category - Group - Period - Block - weight - electron configuration - electrons per shell - phase - density - Sublimation point - specific heat
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Chemical Properties
Atomic Mass
Nuclear Fusion
45. The time it takes for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to undergo radioactive decay.
Radioactive Isotopes
Solutions
Radioactive Half - life
Compound
46. Measure of gravitational pull of Earth on an object or between two bodies
Weight
Water displacement
Beta Rays
Isolated System (physics)
47. A change that does not result in different substances; when an object changes form but not compostion.
Power
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Chemical Change
Physical Changes
48. Attributes such as appearance - color - mass - and volume.
Thermal Energy
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Closed Systems (physics)
Physical properties
49. Measurement of the amount of cubic space occupied.
Perpetual Motion
Volume
Radioactivity
Chemical Properties
50. A System that cannot exchange heat - work - or matter with its surroundings. Total Energy & Mass stay constant w/in system
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Isolated System (physics)
Radioactive Half - life
Heat Engine