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Test your basic knowledge |
Praxis Physics Basic Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
praxis
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of an element; consists of three main types of subatomic particles: protons neutrons and electrons.
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Mass
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Atoms
2. Homogeneous mixtures composed of two or more substances that have become one
Nuclear Fusion
Solutions
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Three states of matter
3. When energy is emitted by one body and absorbed by another
Compound
Mixtures
Physical Changes
Radiation
4. A System that cannot exchange heat - work - or matter with its surroundings. Total Energy & Mass stay constant w/in system
Heat
Joule
Isolated System (physics)
Gamma Rays
5. Measurement of the amount of cubic space occupied.
Volume
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Electron Shell Configuration
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
6. Total Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in a system
Thermal Energy
Joule
Thermodynamics
Solutions
7. Atoms that have an unstable nucleus that has excess energy and the potential to make radiation particles within the nucleus or undergo radioactive decay which can result in the emission of gamma rays. May occur naturally or artificially produced.
Heat
Matter
Radioisotopes
Radiation
8. The quantity of energy transferred by one system to another due to changes in a system that is the result of external forces; also can be described as the amount of energy that must be transferred to overcome a force.
Perpetual Motion
Thermal Contact
Work
Nuclear Fission
9. Refers to the particles that are emitted from nuclei as a result of nuclear instability
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Alpha Rays
Beta Rays
Radioactivity
10. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Radioactive Isotopes
Molecule
Atomic Mass
Potential Energy
11. Can be Beta - Minus or Beta Plus. Beta - Minus: contain an energetic electron Beta - plus: emitted by positrons and can result in gamma photons. Beta particles can be stopped by thin metal.
Compound
Beta Rays
Radioactive Half - life
Physical properties
12. Measure of the amount of substance in an object
Thermal Contact
Physical properties
Heat Engine
Mass
13. Branch of Physics that studies the conversion of energy into work and heat. Concerned w/ variables such as temperature - volume - and pressure
Joule
Thermodynamics
Chemical Properties
Stable Isotopes
14. Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work. (through the process of heat)
Thermal Contact
Gamma Rays
Chemical Properties
Heat Engine
15. Hydrogen and Helium are the most abundant. Than Oxygen - Neon - Nitrogen - Carbon - Silicon - and Magnesium.
Radioactive Decay
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Closed Systems (physics)
Surrounding Environment (physics)
16. Ratio of the average mass per atom of a sample (which can include various isotopes) to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon -12.
Kinetic Energy
Atomic Weight
Energy
Thermal Contact
17. The capacity to do work
Energy
Atomic Mass
Closed Systems (physics)
Alpha Rays
18. Refers to the energy of an object in motion.
Atomic Weight
Kinetic Energy
Joule
Conservation of Energy
19. Causes an electron to detach from an atom; occurs in radioactive reactions. Three types: 1. Alpha 2. Beta 3. Gamma
Radioactive Decay
Physical Changes
Molecule
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
20. Attributes such as appearance - color - mass - and volume.
Physical properties
Radioactive Isotopes
Work
Thermal Energy
21. A system that can exchange heat and work - but not matter
Closed Systems (physics)
Atoms
Open Systems (physics)
Physical Changes
22. Joining of two nuclei; occurs under extreme temperatures and pressure. Fusion occurs naturally in stars (responsible for the release of great energy).
Mixtures
Heat Engine
Radioactive Isotopes
Nuclear Fusion
23. Refers to the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for work. (also used to describe the amount of disorder in a group)
Entropy
Power
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Stable Isotopes
24. Measure of gravitational pull of Earth on an object or between two bodies
Three states of matter
Elements
Thermodynamics
Weight
25. Transfer of Energy from a body or system as a result of thermal contact. Heat consists of random motion and the vibration of atoms - molecules - & ions. Higher the temperature - greater the atomic/molecular motion
Joule
Nuclear Fusion
Heat
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
26. How do you determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?
Open Systems (physics)
Thermal Contact
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Water displacement
27. Substances that consist of only one type of atom
Closed Systems (physics)
Alpha Rays
Heat
Elements
28. Isotopes that have not been observed to decay
Thermodynamics
Chemical Properties
Stable Isotopes
Alpha Rays
29. Capable of interacting with a surrounding environment and can exchange heat - work (energy) and matter outside their system boundaries
Power
Entropy
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Open Systems (physics)
30. Substance containing two or more elements; formed by chemical reactions. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction
Specific Gravity
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Water displacement
Compound
31. AKA Mass Number. The total number of protons and Neutrons in the nucleus of an atoms. Referred to as 'A.'
Mixtures
Radioactive Isotopes
Radioactive Half - life
Atomic Mass
32. Refers to everything outside a thermodynamic system.
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Atomic Weight
Chemical Properties
Radioactivity
33. Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and can undergo spontaneous nuclear reactions which results in particle or radiation being emitted.
Work
Radioactive Isotopes
Heat Engine
Specific Gravity
34. Solid - Liquid - Gas
Heat Engine
Three states of matter
Specific Gravity
Chemical Change
35. Occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus spontaneously loses energy by emitting ionizing particles & radiation. It is a form of energy transfer. Before Decay = parent nuclide After Decay = Daughter nuclide (s)
Density
Power
Radioactive Decay
Radioactive Half - life
36. A change that does not result in different substances; when an object changes form but not compostion.
Atomic Mass
Physical Changes
Energy
Beta Rays
37. Type of High energy electromagnetic radiation consisting of photons. It rids the decaying nucleus of excess energy after it has emitted either alpha or beta radiation. They can cause serious damage to living tissue. It takes thick lead to stop them.
Gamma Rays
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Radioactive Half - life
Radioisotopes
38. The capacity for doing work that is based upon position or configuration.
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Elements
Potential Energy
Atomic Mass
39. Measure of the amount of mass per unit volume.
Density
First Law of Thermodynamics
Matter
Gamma Rays
40. This refers to objects that have the same temperature b/c heat is transferred between them to reach equilibrium
Nuclear Fusion
Atomic Weight
Chemical Change
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
41. A Machine that converts thermal energy to mechanical energy that can be used to do work
Heat Engine
Potential Energy
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Isotope
42. A change that results in a different substance. They may release or consume energy.
Chemical Change
Solutions
Energy
Gamma Rays
43. Positive; larger than Beta. Because of their large mass they can be easily stopped (even with a sheet of paper.) Can cause severe damage if ingested.
Alpha Rays
Weight
First Law of Thermodynamics
Open Systems (physics)
44. Contain two or more substances that are combined but have not reacted chemically. They can be separated using physical methods
Mixtures
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Radiation
Beta Rays
45. 1st (K Shell) = 2 electrons - 2nd (L Shell) = 8 electrons - 3rd (M Shell) = 18 electrons - 4th (N Shell) = 32 electrons
Nuclear Fusion
Potential Energy
Electron Shell Configuration
Atomic Mass
46. The measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the density of water.
Mixtures
Mass
Specific Gravity
Radioactive Half - life
47. Substances that have mass and occupy space
Physical properties
Gamma Rays
Matter
Water displacement
48. A misguided belief that a system can continuously produce more energy than it consumes.
Perpetual Motion
Electron Shell Configuration
Mass
Chemical Properties
49. Measurement of Work
Heat
Joule
Power
Atoms
50. Rate at which work is performed
Radioactive Isotopes
Density
Kinetic Energy
Power