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Test your basic knowledge |
Praxis Physics Basic Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
praxis
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and can undergo spontaneous nuclear reactions which results in particle or radiation being emitted.
Radioactive Isotopes
Heat Engine
Beta Rays
Physical properties
2. A system that can exchange heat and work - but not matter
Mass
Closed Systems (physics)
Atomic Weight
Physical Changes
3. Measure of the amount of substance in an object
Mass
Isolated System (physics)
Atomic Mass
Heat Engine
4. Refers to the fact that the total amount of energy in a closed system is constant
Conservation of Energy
Open Systems (physics)
Nuclear Fusion
Elements
5. Solid - Liquid - Gas
Chemical Properties
Kinetic Energy
Three states of matter
Closed Systems (physics)
6. The smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of an element; consists of three main types of subatomic particles: protons neutrons and electrons.
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Atoms
Solutions
Work
7. Occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus spontaneously loses energy by emitting ionizing particles & radiation. It is a form of energy transfer. Before Decay = parent nuclide After Decay = Daughter nuclide (s)
Thermal Contact
Energy
Matter
Radioactive Decay
8. Rate at which work is performed
Density
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Power
Specific Gravity
9. A System that cannot exchange heat - work - or matter with its surroundings. Total Energy & Mass stay constant w/in system
Perpetual Motion
Isolated System (physics)
Specific Gravity
Stable Isotopes
10. Branch of Physics that studies the conversion of energy into work and heat. Concerned w/ variables such as temperature - volume - and pressure
Thermodynamics
Mass
Radioactive Half - life
Weight
11. AKA Mass Number. The total number of protons and Neutrons in the nucleus of an atoms. Referred to as 'A.'
Mixtures
Thermal Energy
Specific Gravity
Atomic Mass
12. Substance containing two or more elements; formed by chemical reactions. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction
Heat
Mixtures
Radioactivity
Compound
13. Attributes such as appearance - color - mass - and volume.
Physical properties
Molecule
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Atomic Mass
14. Can be Beta - Minus or Beta Plus. Beta - Minus: contain an energetic electron Beta - plus: emitted by positrons and can result in gamma photons. Beta particles can be stopped by thin metal.
Beta Rays
Water displacement
Heat Engine
Closed Systems (physics)
15. Substances that have mass and occupy space
Matter
Radioactive Decay
Atomic Mass
Radioactivity
16. A change that results in a different substance. They may release or consume energy.
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Chemical Change
Radiation
Nuclear Fusion
17. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Compound
Molecule
Three states of matter
Chemical Change
18. Substances that consist of only one type of atom
Mixtures
Radioactive Decay
Gamma Rays
Elements
19. Type of High energy electromagnetic radiation consisting of photons. It rids the decaying nucleus of excess energy after it has emitted either alpha or beta radiation. They can cause serious damage to living tissue. It takes thick lead to stop them.
Nuclear Fission
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Solutions
Gamma Rays
20. Capable of interacting with a surrounding environment and can exchange heat - work (energy) and matter outside their system boundaries
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Isolated System (physics)
Open Systems (physics)
Density
21. How do you determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?
Radioactive Isotopes
Radioisotopes
Water displacement
Nuclear Fission
22. The quantity of energy transferred by one system to another due to changes in a system that is the result of external forces; also can be described as the amount of energy that must be transferred to overcome a force.
Thermal Contact
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Mixtures
Work
23. Contain two or more substances that are combined but have not reacted chemically. They can be separated using physical methods
Matter
Physical Changes
Mixtures
Chemical Properties
24. Measurement of the amount of cubic space occupied.
Conservation of Energy
Radioisotopes
Volume
Electron Shell Configuration
25. A misguided belief that a system can continuously produce more energy than it consumes.
Perpetual Motion
Work
Heat
Nuclear Fusion
26. Causes an electron to detach from an atom; occurs in radioactive reactions. Three types: 1. Alpha 2. Beta 3. Gamma
Weight
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Nuclear Fusion
Radiation
27. Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work. (through the process of heat)
Solutions
Stable Isotopes
Thermal Contact
Specific Gravity
28. 1st (K Shell) = 2 electrons - 2nd (L Shell) = 8 electrons - 3rd (M Shell) = 18 electrons - 4th (N Shell) = 32 electrons
Mass
Mixtures
Alpha Rays
Electron Shell Configuration
29. Isotopes that have not been observed to decay
Radioactivity
Stable Isotopes
Alpha Rays
Surrounding Environment (physics)
30. Positive; larger than Beta. Because of their large mass they can be easily stopped (even with a sheet of paper.) Can cause severe damage if ingested.
Energy
Physical Changes
Alpha Rays
Chemical Properties
31. The time it takes for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to undergo radioactive decay.
Beta Rays
Radioactive Decay
Thermal Energy
Radioactive Half - life
32. Measure of gravitational pull of Earth on an object or between two bodies
Isotope
Joule
Weight
Radioisotopes
33. This refers to objects that have the same temperature b/c heat is transferred between them to reach equilibrium
Volume
Radiation
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Radioactivity
34. Joining of two nuclei; occurs under extreme temperatures and pressure. Fusion occurs naturally in stars (responsible for the release of great energy).
Solutions
Atomic Weight
Nuclear Fusion
Specific Gravity
35. Refers to everything outside a thermodynamic system.
Thermal Contact
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Alpha Rays
Chemical Change
36. Measure of the amount of mass per unit volume.
Power
Physical Changes
Open Systems (physics)
Density
37. Conservation of Energy (energy can only be transferred - not created or destroyed)
Closed Systems (physics)
Radioactivity
First Law of Thermodynamics
Electron Shell Configuration
38. Total Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in a system
Chemical Change
Entropy
Thermal Energy
Gamma Rays
39. Measurement of Work
Energy
Joule
Open Systems (physics)
Thermodynamics
40. Properties concerned with the constituent particles that make up a substance. Can include: Atomic Number - Category - Group - Period - Block - weight - electron configuration - electrons per shell - phase - density - Sublimation point - specific heat
Density
Chemical Properties
Mixtures
Potential Energy
41. Refers to the particles that are emitted from nuclei as a result of nuclear instability
Radioactivity
Chemical Properties
Density
Energy
42. Refers to the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for work. (also used to describe the amount of disorder in a group)
Closed Systems (physics)
Heat
Water displacement
Entropy
43. A change that does not result in different substances; when an object changes form but not compostion.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Physical Changes
Isotope
Specific Gravity
44. Splitting of a large nucleus into smaller pieces
Nuclear Fusion
Nuclear Fission
Mass
Closed Systems (physics)
45. The capacity for doing work that is based upon position or configuration.
Water displacement
Radioisotopes
Potential Energy
Nuclear Fission
46. Homogeneous mixtures composed of two or more substances that have become one
Perpetual Motion
Density
Solutions
Radioactive Isotopes
47. The capacity to do work
Energy
Molecule
Density
Weight
48. The measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the density of water.
Specific Gravity
Physical Changes
Beta Rays
Surrounding Environment (physics)
49. Transfer of Energy from a body or system as a result of thermal contact. Heat consists of random motion and the vibration of atoms - molecules - & ions. Higher the temperature - greater the atomic/molecular motion
Entropy
Joule
Heat
Stable Isotopes
50. Refers to the energy of an object in motion.
Stable Isotopes
Nuclear Fusion
Heat
Kinetic Energy