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Test your basic knowledge |
Praxis Physics Basic Principles
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
praxis
,
science
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Capable of interacting with a surrounding environment and can exchange heat - work (energy) and matter outside their system boundaries
Elements
Radioactivity
Radioactive Isotopes
Open Systems (physics)
2. Properties concerned with the constituent particles that make up a substance. Can include: Atomic Number - Category - Group - Period - Block - weight - electron configuration - electrons per shell - phase - density - Sublimation point - specific heat
Chemical Properties
Chemical Change
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Conservation of Energy
3. The measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the density of water.
Three states of matter
Matter
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Specific Gravity
4. The quantity of energy transferred by one system to another due to changes in a system that is the result of external forces; also can be described as the amount of energy that must be transferred to overcome a force.
Perpetual Motion
Work
Beta Rays
Matter
5. Refers to the energy of an object in motion.
Electron Shell Configuration
Stable Isotopes
Volume
Kinetic Energy
6. Measurement of the amount of cubic space occupied.
Perpetual Motion
Volume
Closed Systems (physics)
Density
7. Measure of the amount of mass per unit volume.
Atoms
Solutions
Power
Density
8. A change that does not result in different substances; when an object changes form but not compostion.
Atomic Mass
Physical Changes
Mixtures
Three states of matter
9. Substances that have mass and occupy space
Potential Energy
Three states of matter
Kinetic Energy
Matter
10. Contain two or more substances that are combined but have not reacted chemically. They can be separated using physical methods
Water displacement
Isolated System (physics)
Work
Mixtures
11. Measurement of Work
Isotope
Thermodynamics
Gamma Rays
Joule
12. Substance containing two or more elements; formed by chemical reactions. Can only be separated by a chemical reaction
Thermodynamics
Matter
Isotope
Compound
13. Isotopes that have unstable nuclei and can undergo spontaneous nuclear reactions which results in particle or radiation being emitted.
Radioisotopes
Kinetic Energy
First Law of Thermodynamics
Radioactive Isotopes
14. A system that can exchange heat and work - but not matter
Stable Isotopes
Power
Closed Systems (physics)
Volume
15. A System that cannot exchange heat - work - or matter with its surroundings. Total Energy & Mass stay constant w/in system
Radiation
Thermal Energy
First Law of Thermodynamics
Isolated System (physics)
16. A variation of an atom; occur when the number of protons in the nucleus are the same but the number of neutrons are not. Written as the element plus the number of Neucleons (i.e. Carbon -13 (6 Protons - 7 Neutrons)
Solutions
Power
Isotope
Physical Changes
17. Total Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in a system
Power
Heat
Thermal Energy
Water displacement
18. Ratio of the average mass per atom of a sample (which can include various isotopes) to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon -12.
Atomic Weight
Gamma Rays
Molecule
Isotope
19. Causes an electron to detach from an atom; occurs in radioactive reactions. Three types: 1. Alpha 2. Beta 3. Gamma
Perpetual Motion
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Most abundant Elements in Universe
Conservation of Energy
20. Refers to the fact that the total amount of energy in a closed system is constant
Nuclear Fusion
Volume
First Law of Thermodynamics
Conservation of Energy
21. Measure of the amount of substance in an object
Radioisotopes
Thermal Contact
Volume
Mass
22. The capacity for doing work that is based upon position or configuration.
Stable Isotopes
Kinetic Energy
Nuclear Fusion
Potential Energy
23. Transfer of Energy from a body or system as a result of thermal contact. Heat consists of random motion and the vibration of atoms - molecules - & ions. Higher the temperature - greater the atomic/molecular motion
Isolated System (physics)
Isotope
Heat
Radioactivity
24. Isotopes that have not been observed to decay
Stable Isotopes
Entropy
Matter
Weight
25. How do you determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?
Atomic Weight
Water displacement
Molecule
Kinetic Energy
26. Refers to the particles that are emitted from nuclei as a result of nuclear instability
Heat
Stable Isotopes
Radioactivity
Closed Systems (physics)
27. A misguided belief that a system can continuously produce more energy than it consumes.
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Weight
Density
Perpetual Motion
28. Occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus spontaneously loses energy by emitting ionizing particles & radiation. It is a form of energy transfer. Before Decay = parent nuclide After Decay = Daughter nuclide (s)
Chemical Change
Radioactive Decay
Volume
Compound
29. A Machine that converts thermal energy to mechanical energy that can be used to do work
Solutions
Power
Heat Engine
Thermodynamics
30. Hydrogen and Helium are the most abundant. Than Oxygen - Neon - Nitrogen - Carbon - Silicon - and Magnesium.
Water displacement
Most abundant Elements in Universe
First Law of Thermodynamics
Stable Isotopes
31. A change that results in a different substance. They may release or consume energy.
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Atomic Mass
Chemical Properties
Chemical Change
32. Homogeneous mixtures composed of two or more substances that have become one
Solutions
Atoms
Perpetual Motion
Nuclear Fission
33. Attributes such as appearance - color - mass - and volume.
Gamma Rays
Perpetual Motion
Physical properties
Radioisotopes
34. AKA Mass Number. The total number of protons and Neutrons in the nucleus of an atoms. Referred to as 'A.'
Atomic Mass
Entropy
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Solutions
35. Refers to everything outside a thermodynamic system.
Stable Isotopes
Kinetic Energy
Nuclear Fusion
Surrounding Environment (physics)
36. Measure of gravitational pull of Earth on an object or between two bodies
Weight
Mass
Compound
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
37. The capacity to do work
Isotope
Weight
Ionizing Radiation (3 types)
Energy
38. Atoms that have an unstable nucleus that has excess energy and the potential to make radiation particles within the nucleus or undergo radioactive decay which can result in the emission of gamma rays. May occur naturally or artificially produced.
Water displacement
Radioisotopes
Conservation of Energy
Compound
39. 1st (K Shell) = 2 electrons - 2nd (L Shell) = 8 electrons - 3rd (M Shell) = 18 electrons - 4th (N Shell) = 32 electrons
Electron Shell Configuration
Nuclear Fusion
Open Systems (physics)
Water displacement
40. Splitting of a large nucleus into smaller pieces
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Radioactivity
Nuclear Fission
Closed Systems (physics)
41. The time it takes for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to undergo radioactive decay.
Potential Energy
Open Systems (physics)
Stable Isotopes
Radioactive Half - life
42. Refers to the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available for work. (also used to describe the amount of disorder in a group)
Entropy
Mixtures
Physical Changes
Chemical Change
43. Positive; larger than Beta. Because of their large mass they can be easily stopped (even with a sheet of paper.) Can cause severe damage if ingested.
Surrounding Environment (physics)
Power
Open Systems (physics)
Alpha Rays
44. Type of High energy electromagnetic radiation consisting of photons. It rids the decaying nucleus of excess energy after it has emitted either alpha or beta radiation. They can cause serious damage to living tissue. It takes thick lead to stop them.
Power
Gamma Rays
Radioactivity
Chemical Properties
45. The smallest unit of matter that has the characteristics of an element; consists of three main types of subatomic particles: protons neutrons and electrons.
Nuclear Fusion
Atoms
Specific Gravity
Most abundant Elements in Universe
46. Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work. (through the process of heat)
Weight
Mass
Gamma Rays
Thermal Contact
47. Can be Beta - Minus or Beta Plus. Beta - Minus: contain an energetic electron Beta - plus: emitted by positrons and can result in gamma photons. Beta particles can be stopped by thin metal.
Beta Rays
Atoms
Mixtures
Atomic Weight
48. Substances that consist of only one type of atom
Radioactive Isotopes
Elements
Isolated System (physics)
Closed Systems (physics)
49. Conservation of Energy (energy can only be transferred - not created or destroyed)
First Law of Thermodynamics
Density
Beta Rays
Solutions
50. Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Perpetual Motion
Density
Molecule
Entropy