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Test your basic knowledge |
Public Debating
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
soft-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1. Applying the tests of reasoning to show weaknesses in arguments and develop counterarguments 2. Accusing opponent of using fallacious reasoning 3. Pointing out a flawed metaphor 4. Discrediting the ethos of opponent 5. Pointing out flawed statisti
Tools of Refutation
Parallelism
Denying the Antecedent (INVALID)
Hyperbole
2. Accepting the word of an alleged authority when we should not because the person does not have expertise on this particular issue or s/he cannot be trusted to give an unbiased opinion.
Appeal to Authority
Direct Refutation
Litotes
Epistrophe
3. 'X is an sign of Y' is what arg's warrant?
Analogy
Antithesis
Sign
Sophist
4. Did not pay Corax for sophistry lessons and was taken to court
Charisma
Tisias
Enthymeme
Post hoc - ergo propter hoc
5. Prolepsis - Direct Refutation - Conceding some points to focus on others - Agree on commonality then refute - and Turn are all examples of _____ ______
Epistrophe
Refutation Strategies
Begging the Question
Ad Populum
6. Asks - 'is it?' Involves a question of fact (past - present - future)
Ethos
Presumption
Second (or) Third
Conjectural (Stasis)
7. Obligation of the arguer advocating change to overcome the presumption through argument
Composition
Situationally flawed
Epanalepsis
Burden of proof
8. Bases inferences on what we know of how people act in a rational/predictable way - in order to determine the truth
Categorical (Syllogism)
Associated Commonplaces
(Argument of ) General probability
Narrative
9. Defending something by pointing out that your opponent did it as well. Also called 'two wrongs make a right'; this is literally translated as 'thou also'
Situationally flawed
Hyperbole
Anaphora
Tu Quoque
10. 'What is true in this case is true in general' or 'What is true in general is true in this case' Is a warrant for what kind of argument?
Example
Commonplaces
Special Topoi
Gorgias
11. Repetition of the endings of successive clauses - sentences - or lines.
Epistrophe
Good Will (Ethos)
Charisma
Status
12. Are there associated commonplaces for this metaphor that can be turned against the arguer?
Deductive Reasoning
Quantity Quality Essence Existent
Tu Quoque
Refutation Potential
13. Whitewashes the effect of your topic to downplay it; less emotional than appropriate
Checking for Example argument
Euphimism
Prolepsis
Unrepresentative Sample
14. A legitimate generalization is applied to a particular case in an absolute manner
(Fallacy of) Accident
Definitional (Stasis)
Commonplaces
Simile
15. Specific evidence or reason to support the claim (often introduced with the words 'because' or 'since')
Questionable Cause
Cicero's Four Stasis Points
Shifting the Burden of Proof
Grounds (or data)
16. Conjectural - Procedural - Definitional - and Qualitative Points are all ____
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17. What order does conjectural stasis usually fall in when arguing?
Cicero's Four Stasis Points
First
Conjectural (Stasis)
Sophist
18. Qualitative significance is part of what stock issue?
Ill
Litotes
Erotema
Corax
19. Is the source qualified to say what is being said? Is she or he in a position to know this information? Does the testimony represent what the authority really meant to say? Is the source relatively unbiased and recent?
Analogy
Protagoras
Checking for Testimony argument
Rhetoric
20. Deliberate correction
Hyperbole
Litotes
Culturetypal (Metaphor)
Correctio
21. A metaphor that gives attributes to a nonhuman thing
Anadiplosis
Personification
Locus of Existence
Popular Democracy
22. Set two things in opposition
(at the) Corax (and) Tisias trial
Antithesis
(Argument of ) General probability
Honesty - Dedication - Courage
23. Juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas
Isocrates
Tu Quoque
Antithesis
Hasty Generalization
24. Concerns new policy being proposed that will remedy the ill outlined and the inherent factors.
Rhetoric
Cure
Cicero's Four Stasis Points
Composition
25. Structural inherency and attitudinal inherency are part of what stock issue?
Hasty Generalization
Denying the Antecedent (INVALID)
Anadiplosis
Blame
26. The process of using logic to draw conclusions from given facts - definitions - and properties
Analogy
Sign
Tu Quoque
Deductive Reasoning
27. The inference moves from specific to general or from general to specific. The warrant to this argument usually reads 'what is true in this case is true in general' or 'what is true in general is true in this case'
Cure
Consistency
(Argument by) Example
Quantity Quality Essence Existent
28. Arguing that the conclusion of an argument must be untrue because there is a fallacy in the reasoning. (Just because the premises may not be true - does not mean that the conclusion has to be false)
Fallacy Fallacy
Invalid (Categorical Syllogism)
Term II (Disassociation Pair)
Hyperbole
29. Is the metaphor appropriate? The key to ____ is matching strategy to situation.
Presumption
Non Sequitur
Appeal to Ignorance
Decorum
30. Erroneously accusing others of fallacious reasoning
Rhetoric
False Charge of Fallacy
Parallelism
Rhetoric
31. Beginning repeated
Protagoras
Non Sequitur
Locus of Quantity
Anaphora
32. An implicit comparison made by referring to one thing as another
Correctio
Checking for Sign argument
Metaphor
Ambiguity
33. Ask a rhetorical question
Presumption
Status
Affirming the Consequent (INVALID)
Erotema
34. These seats or commonplaces of argument suggest inferences that arguers might make that are based on the habits of thought and value hierarchies that everyone shares
Less Valued Term/Higher Valued Term
Loci of the Preferable
Valid
Invalid (Categorical Syllogism)
35. If A then B B Therefore - A
Antithesis
Affirming the Consequent (INVALID)
Hyperbole
Begging the Question
36. Repetition of the ending of one clause or sentence at the beginning of another.
Consistency
Anadiplosis
Antithesis
Term I/Term II
37. Assuming as a premise some form of the very point that is at issue - the very conclusion we intend to prove. Also called circular reasoning.
Begging the Question
Toulmin Model
Litotes
Locus of Existence
38. Is necessary to defend the weak against the strong - Is useful and necessary to the state and the individual because you become a more thoughtful citizen and a more well-rounded person - Is useful to have the tools to recognize good arguments and def
Gorgias
Fallacy Fallacy
Litotes
Rhetoric
39. Are the terms of the metaphor coherent - or does it tell a story or paint a picure that fails to make sense internally?
Begging the Question
Consistency
Gorgias
Hasty Generalization
40. Good Moral Character
(Argument by) Example
Honesty - Dedication - Courage
Antithesis
Locus of Quality
41. Using information from mercenary scientists is committing what fallacy?
Simile
Good Moral Character
Appeal to Authority
Anaphora
42. _____ said that concerning all things - there are two contradictory arguments that exist in opposition to one another.
Begging the Question
Structural (inherency)
Turn
Protagoras
43. 'If two things are alike in most respects - they will be alike in this respect too' Warrant for what arg?
Sign
Analogy
Exergasia
Quantitative (significance)
44. Common practice and traditional wisdom fallacies are categories of _____
Tokenism
Non Sequitur
Prolepsis
Tu Quoque
45. If A then B If B then C Therefore - if A then C
Hypothetical (Syllogism)
Litotes
Exergasia
Good Will (Ethos)
46. Drawing an analogical conclusion when the cases compared are not relevantly alike
Intelligence
Questionable Analogy
Procedural (Stasis)
Term I (Disassociation Pair)
47. Have both claims - reason - and at least two sides
(Special Topoi for) Science
Anadiplosis
Status
Arguments
48. This is the name for fallacies that do not have another name but that involve a claim that does not follow from the premises (e.g. the evidence is not relevant or not appropriate to support the claim). Litterally translated as 'it does not follow -'
Post hoc - ergo propter hoc
Second (or) Third
Non Sequitur
Disassociation of Concepts
49. Misrepresenting an opponent's position as more extreme than it really is and then attacking that version - or attacking a weaker opponent while ignoring a stronger one.
Straw Person
Hyperbole
(Special Topoi for) Science
False Charge of Fallacy
50. Associated words or ideas with a vehicle or tenor
Commonplaces
Analogy
Epistrophe
Mercenary Scientists