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Public Debating
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Study First
Subject
:
soft-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The inference moves from cause to effect or effect to cause - arguing that something is the direct result of something else. The warrant to this argument is usually formatted as: 'X is a form of Y'
(Argument from) Cause
Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc
Prolepsis
Personification
2. Opposite of Hyperbole
Litotes
Ill
Warrant
Formal Debate
3. beginning repeated at ending
Plato
Testimony
Appeal to Authority
Epanalepsis
4. Value Hierarchy Visualization in terms of high and low values (?/?)
Less Valued Term/Higher Valued Term
(Argument from) Cause
Post hoc - ergo propter hoc
Prolepsis
5. Fallacious argument from specific to general without sufficient evidence - Draws a conclusion about all the members of a group based on the knowledge of some members
Hasty Generalization
Ad Hominem
Formal Debate
Anadiplosis
6. Set two things in opposition
Non Sequitur
Antithesis
Shifting the Burden of Proof
Appeal to Authority
7. Originality - explanatory power - quantitative precision - simplicity - scope
Anadiplosis
Checking for Testimony argument
(Special Topoi for) Science
(at the) Corax (and) Tisias trial
8. Grounds ---> Claim | Warrant
Toulmin Model
Begging the Question
Appeal to Authority
Culturetypal (Metaphor)
9. All A are B -X is A - therefore - X is B OR All A are B - all B are C - therefore - all A are C OR All A are B - all C are A - therefore - all C are B
Claim
Categorical (Syllogism)
(Evaluation Criteria for) Value-Oriented Arguments
Composition
10. Arguing that one thing caused another without sufficient evidence of a causal relationship.
Anaphora
Questionable Cause
Checking for Cause argement
Term I (Disassociation Pair)
11. Erroneously accusing others of fallacious reasoning
Sign
False Charge of Fallacy
Situationally flawed
Burden of Rejoinder
12. Opposite of Epanalepsis
(Special Topoi for) Democrats
Situationally flawed
Anadiplosis
First
13. Taking the absence of evidence against something as justification for believing that thing is true.
(Argument by) Analogy
Appeal to Ignorance
Categorical (Syllogism)
First
14. Puritan morality - change and progress - equality of opportunity - rejection of authority - achievement and success
Ill
Cause 9Arguing that something caused something else)
Argument
(Special Topoi for) American Public Address
15. Accepting the word of an alleged authority when we should not because the person does not have expertise on this particular issue or s/he cannot be trusted to give an unbiased opinion.
Direct Refutation
Appeal to Authority
Good Moral Character
Archetypal (Metaphor)
16. Usually has three parts: 1. (MP) Major Premise - unequivocal statement 2. (mP) Minor Premise - about a specific case 3. (C) Conclusion - follows necessarily from the premises
Syllogism
(Special Topoi for) Democrats
Fallacy Fallacy
Locus of Quality
17. What kind of commonplaces 'deflect reality'
Grounds (or data)
Appeal to Ignorance
Nonassociated (commonplaces)
Loci of the Preferable
18. Accepting an argument by example that reasons from specific to general on the basis of relevant but insufficient information or evidence.
(Argument from) Narrative
Hasty Generalization
Correctio
Decorum
19. An irrelevant attack on an opponent rather than on the opponent's evidence or arguments; this is literally translated as an argument 'to the person'
Plato
Attitudinal (inherency)
Ad Hominem
Division
20. Accepting a token gesture for something more substantive
Cliche
Erotema
Tokenism
Stasis
21. Opposite of anadiplosis
Cause 9Arguing that something caused something else)
False Dichotomy
Tu Quoque
Epanalepsis
22. Incorrectly assuming that one choice or another must be made when other choices are available or when no choice must be made
Tu Quoque
Rhetoric
Fallacies
False Dichotomy
23. ______ are hired to create manufactroversy
False Charge of Fallacy
Anaphora
Quantitative (significance)
Mercenary Scientists
24. Term with higher (positive) value
Emotionally Charged (Language)
Value Hierarchies
Definitional (Stasis)
Term II (Disassociation Pair)
25. Does the argument effectively appeal to audience values and priorities? Does the argument accurately capture the values at play in this situation?
Appeal to Ignorance
(Evaluation Criteria for) Value-Oriented Arguments
Checking for Testimony argument
Grounds (or data)
26. Focuses on inadequacies or problems in the status quo - must be significant if a change is to be made. Must Have: 1. Quantitative significance: affects lots of people 2. Qualitative significance: is of bad quality
Value Hierarchies
Ill
Charisma
Conjectural (Stasis)
27. The inference reasons from meaning or lesson of a story to a claim. The warrant usually says 'The moral to a story tells us a greater truth'
Locus of Existence
Litotes
(Argument from) Narrative
Tu Quoque
28. Shifting the buren of proof is a category of ____ __ _____
Agree on Commonality then refute
Appeal to Ignorance
Aristotle
Formal Debate
29. They stablish an arena for argumentation by defining ground for a dispute and issues of controversy. Typically - one side affirms the resolution and one side negates the resolution.
Debate Resolutions
Aristotle
Ad Hominem
Second
30. The inference compares two similar things - saying that since they are alike in some respects - they are alike in another respect. It can be a figurative analogy or a literal analogy. The warrant usually reads: 'if two things are alike in most respec
Cause 9Arguing that something caused something else)
(Argument by) Analogy
Ethos
Term I/Term II
31. Is a variation of the tu quoque; it is when you justify a wrong by saying that most other people do it too.
Unequivocal
Fallacy Fallacy
Stasis
Common Practice (Fallacy)
32. The proposition or conclusion that the arguer is advancing
Non Sequitur
Claim
Sound
Fallacy Fallacy
33. Juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas
Situationally flawed
Refutation Potential
Value-Oriented Arguments
Antithesis
34. Use of a word or phrase that could have several meanings
Narrative
Ambiguity
Refutation Potential
Decision Rules
35. Obligation of the arguer advocating change to overcome the presumption through argument
Burden of proof
Appeal to Authority
Decorum
Tu Quoque
36. Reasoning from case to case
Analogy
Intelligence
Metaphor
Corax
37. Agree with the values or goals of the opposition - but then argue that the opposition doesn't do a better job of achieving those values goals
Agree on Commonality then refute
Checking for Sign argument
Tokenism
Corax
38. What order do definitional and qualitative stasis usually fall into when put into an argument?
Second
Equivocation
Refutation
Ad Populum
39. Affirming or denying a point strongly by asking it as a question; also called a 'rhetorical question'
Litotes
Appeal to Authority
Erotema
Analogy
40. A syllogism suppressing the Major Premise - and only contains a Minor Premise and the Conclusion. People speak in these more often than syllogisms.
(Argument by) Example
Refutation Potential
Tu Quoque
Enthymeme
41. If A then B Not B Therefore not A
Sign
(Special Topoi for) Democrats
Checking for Example argument
Modus Tollens
42. Relative advantages and disadvantages of the new policy. Are the adverse effects going to outweigh the benefits?
Modus Ponens
Cost
Appeal to Ignorance
Special Topoi
43. A metaphor that gives attributes to a nonhuman thing
Personification
Invalid (Categorical Syllogism)
Grounds (or data)
Litotes
44. Literally - 'wise one' ; taught rhetoric to citizenry
Sophist
Metaphor
Conceding Arguments
Erotema
45. Associated words or ideas with a vehicle or tenor
Second (or) Third
Appeal to Authority
Epanalepsis
Commonplaces
46. Values what is unique - irreplaceable or original
Incrementum
Locus of Quality
Anaphora
Rhetoric
47. _____ thought that rhetoric is the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion
False Dichotomy
Formal Logic
Aristotle
Stock Issues
48. The requirement that the opposition responds reasonably to all significant issues presented by the advocate of change.
Appeal to Ignorance
Testimony
Burden of Rejoinder
Term I (Disassociation Pair)
49. Any logical system that abstracts the form of statements away from their content in order to establish abstract criteria of consistency and validity
Formal Logic
Warrant
(Argument from) Cause
Gorgias
50. Using a term in an argument in one sense in one place and another sense in another place
Equivocation
(Argument from) Narrative
Direct Refutation
Mercenary Scientists
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