SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Public Debating
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
soft-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Asks - 'is it?' Involves a question of fact (past - present - future)
Aristotle
Parallelism
Value-Oriented Arguments
Conjectural (Stasis)
2. What is 'at issue' in a controversy; the place where two sides of an argument come into conflict; the clash between arguments.
Stasis
Cause 9Arguing that something caused something else)
Anadiplosis
Ambiguity
3. Most fallacies are ____ ____; that is if the argument were to employ difference evidence - or be offered in different circumstances - it would be perfectly fine - but in the specific case in which it is identified as a fallacy - it is flawed
Situationally flawed
Mixed Metaphor
Common Practice (Fallacy)
Example
4. If A then B A Therefore B
Modus Ponens
Cliche
Status
Mercenary Scientists
5. If A then B If B then C Therefore - if A then C
Hypothetical (Syllogism)
Non Sequitur
Charisma
Gorgias
6. An argument that follows proper logical form
Valid
Toulmin Model
Categorical (Syllogism)
Hasty Generalization
7. Arguments that are flawed (not from formal logic)
Honesty - Dedication - Courage
Ill
Tools of Refutation
Fallacies
8. Is the metaphor overused - heard so many times that it becomes tedious rather than persuasive?
Hasty Generalization
Appeal to Ignorance
Prolepsis
Cliche
9. Is a variety of questionable cause; it is when you conclude that something cause dsomething else just because the second thing came after it; literally translated as 'after this - therefore on account of this'
Post hoc - ergo propter hoc
Cost
Small Sample
Term II (Disassociation Pair)
10. Literally - 'wise one' ; taught rhetoric to citizenry
First
Sophist
Refutation Potential
Fallacy Fallacy
11. Use of a word or phrase that could have several meanings
Ambiguity
(Special Topoi for) Democrats
Archetypal (Metaphor)
Checking for Testimony argument
12. Deliberate exaggeration for effect; it is often accomplished via comparisons - similes - and metaphors.
Commonplaces
Invalid (Categorical Syllogism)
Second
Hyperbole
13. Value Hierarchy Visualization in terms of high and low values (?/?)
Decision Rules
(Argument by) Example
Less Valued Term/Higher Valued Term
False Dichotomy
14. Focuses on inadequacies or problems in the status quo - must be significant if a change is to be made. Must Have: 1. Quantitative significance: affects lots of people 2. Qualitative significance: is of bad quality
(Fallacy of) Accident
Ill
Anadiplosis
Categorical (Syllogism)
15. This is the name for fallacies that do not have another name but that involve a claim that does not follow from the premises (e.g. the evidence is not relevant or not appropriate to support the claim). Litterally translated as 'it does not follow -'
Anadiplosis
Testimony
Non Sequitur
Small Sample
16. Taking the absence of evidence against something as justification for believing that thing is true.
Appeal to Ignorance
Epanalepsis
Common Practice (Fallacy)
Post hoc - ergo propter hoc
17. The inference moves from cause to effect or effect to cause - arguing that something is the direct result of something else. The warrant to this argument is usually formatted as: 'X is a form of Y'
Exergasia
(Argument from) Cause
Composition
Epistrophe
18. It does not follow - Red Herring belongs to this category
Checking for Testimony argument
Non Sequitur
Incrementum
Sign
19. What vehicles and tenors share
Associated Commonplaces
Correctio
Equivocation
Checking for Cause argement
20. All A are B - all C are B - therefore all A are C
(Fallacy of) Accident
Invalid (Categorical Syllogism)
Decorum
Cost
21. Assuming as a premise some form of the very point that is at issue - the very conclusion we intend to prove. Also called circular reasoning.
Mixed Metaphor
Begging the Question
Anaphora
Rhetoric
22. Did not pay Corax for sophistry lessons and was taken to court
Litotes
Term I (Disassociation Pair)
Incrementum
Tisias
23. Incorrectly assuming that what is true of the whole is true of the parts
Division
Litotes
Informal Debate
Isocrates
24. The requirement that the opposition responds reasonably to all significant issues presented by the advocate of change.
Burden of Rejoinder
Sound
First
Incrementum
25. Attempts to assign responsibility for the existence of the ill to the current system. Needs to connect the ill to the policy in order for it to be changed. Must Have: 1. Structural Inherency: bad structure/lack of structure 2. Attitudinal Inherency:
Prolepsis
False Charge of Fallacy
Blame
Associated Commonplaces
26. Associated words or ideas with a vehicle or tenor
Commonplaces
Questionable Analogy
Anadiplosis
Protagoras
27. The system for classifying disassociated terms (visually)
Value Hierarchies
Epistrophe
Cure
Protagoras
28. Ill - Blame - Cure - Cost
Denying the Antecedent (INVALID)
Syllogism
Categorical (Syllogism)
Stock Issues
29. 'If two things are alike in most respects - they will be alike in this respect too' Warrant for what arg?
Modus Tollens
Analogy
Claim
Special Topoi
30. Ideas repeated
Ad Hominem
Cause 9Arguing that something caused something else)
Exergasia
Common Practice (Fallacy)
31. Is a variation of Appeal to Ignorance. It is when you accept an argument that the presumption lies with one side and the other side has the burden of proving its case when the reverse is actually true
Shifting the Burden of Proof
Refutation
Tools of Refutation
Ambiguity
32. The belief that current thinking - attitudes - values - and actions will continue in the absence of good arguments for their change
Ambiguity
Slippery Slope (Fallacy)
Questionable Analogy
Presumption
33. If A then B Not A Therefore not B
Anadiplosis
Denying the Antecedent (INVALID)
Value Hierarchies
Protagoras
34. Is a variation of the non sequiter; it is when the irrelevant reason is meant to divert the attention of the audience from the real issue
Unrepresentative Sample
Value Hierarchies
Mercenary Scientists
Red Herring
35. A manufactured controversy that is motivated by profit or extreme ideology to intentionally create confusion in the public about an issue of scientific fact that is not in dispute by the scientific community. Used to stop debate at the conjectural le
Refutation Strategies
Charisma
Rhetoric
Manufactroversy
36. Leaving no doubt - unambiguous
Small Sample
Unequivocal
(Argument from) Testimony
Fallacy Fallacy
37. _______ in ancient Greece spurred the need for the use of rhetoric in everyday life.
Checking for Analogy argument
(Argument from) Testimony
False Dichotomy
Popular Democracy
38. The inference moves from specific to general or from general to specific. The warrant to this argument usually reads 'what is true in this case is true in general' or 'what is true in general is true in this case'
(Argument by) Example
Locus of Existence
Epistrophe
Epanalepsis
39. 1. Applying the tests of reasoning to show weaknesses in arguments and develop counterarguments 2. Accusing opponent of using fallacious reasoning 3. Pointing out a flawed metaphor 4. Discrediting the ethos of opponent 5. Pointing out flawed statisti
Warrant
Equivocation
Tools of Refutation
Checking for Narrative argument
40. Specific evidence or reason to support the claim (often introduced with the words 'because' or 'since')
Good Moral Character
Litotes
Plato
Grounds (or data)
41. Civil rights - economic justice - environmental stewardship - government as safety net - worker's rights - diversity
Post hoc - ergo propter hoc
(Special Topoi for) Democrats
(Argument of ) General probability
Decorum
42. _____ said that concerning all things - there are two contradictory arguments that exist in opposition to one another.
Hyperbole
Burden of proof
Appeal to Authority
Protagoras
43. Does one thing really cause the other - or are they merely correlated? Is there another larger cause or series of causes that better explains the effect?
Checking for Cause argement
Antithesis
Formal Logic
Composition
44. Asks - 'who has the authority?' Involves a question of proper procedure.
(Fallacy of) Accident
Procedural (Stasis)
(Argument from) Sign
Hasty Generalization
45. Asks - 'of what kind is it?' Involves a question of the quality of the act - whether it is good or bad.
Rhetoric
Syllogism
Qualitative (Stasis)
(Special Topoi for) American Public Address
46. Circular Reasoning
Locus of Essence
Fallacy Fallacy
Begging the Question
(Argument by) Example
47. The inference reasons that what a trustworthy source says is true. The warrant to this argument usually says - 'When a qualified person says something is true - it's true'
(Argument from) Testimony
Narrative
Consistency
Mixed Metaphor
48. _____ thought that the most worthy study is one that advances the student's ability to speak and deliberate on affairs of the state.
Isocrates
Term II (Disassociation Pair)
Analogy
Tu Quoque
49. What kind of commonplaces 'deflect reality'
Tisias
Agree on Commonality then refute
Nonassociated (commonplaces)
Emotionally Charged (Language)
50. Deliberate correction
Locus of Existence
(Argument from) Testimony
Correctio
Rhetoric