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Test your basic knowledge |
Public Debating
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
soft-skills
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Accepting the word of an alleged authority when we should not because the person does not have expertise on this particular issue or s/he cannot be trusted to give an unbiased opinion.
Invalid (Categorical Syllogism)
Appeal to Authority
Unequivocal
Checking for Narrative argument
2. If A then B A Therefore B
Aristotle
Modus Ponens
Tools of Refutation
Emotionally Charged (Language)
3. The inference moves from cause to effect or effect to cause - arguing that something is the direct result of something else. The warrant to this argument is usually formatted as: 'X is a form of Y'
Appeal to Authority
(Argument from) Cause
Quantity Quality Essence Existent
Metaphor
4. Grounds ---> Claim | Warrant
Toulmin Model
Hyperbole
Presumption
Shifting the Burden of Proof
5. They stablish an arena for argumentation by defining ground for a dispute and issues of controversy. Typically - one side affirms the resolution and one side negates the resolution.
Debate Resolutions
Parallelism
Anadiplosis
Anadiplosis
6. Asks - 'is it?' Involves a question of fact (past - present - future)
Cure
Conjectural (Stasis)
Hasty Generalization
Correctio
7. All A are B -X is A - therefore - X is B OR All A are B - all B are C - therefore - all A are C OR All A are B - all C are A - therefore - all C are B
Checking for Cause argement
Cure
Categorical (Syllogism)
Cicero's Four Stasis Points
8. Focuses on inadequacies or problems in the status quo - must be significant if a change is to be made. Must Have: 1. Quantitative significance: affects lots of people 2. Qualitative significance: is of bad quality
Second (or) Third
Correctio
Ill
Division
9. Does the argument effectively appeal to audience values and priorities? Does the argument accurately capture the values at play in this situation?
Sign
Tisias
(Evaluation Criteria for) Value-Oriented Arguments
Arguments
10. Religious liberty - limited government - entrepreneurship - military strength - traditional institutions - property rights
Claim
Attitudinal (inherency)
(Special Topoi for) Republicans
Ill
11. Agreeing to some of the arguments made by your opponents so that you can focus on others
Stasis
Conceding Arguments
Post hoc - ergo propter hoc
Anaphora
12. Shifting the buren of proof is a category of ____ __ _____
Fallacies
Epistrophe
Appeal to Ignorance
Qualitative (Stasis)
13. These are commonplaces for argument drawn from the specific set of values shared by a particular community of experience and interest
Attitudinal (inherency)
Special Topoi
Red Herring
Correctio
14. Demonstrating respect and care for the audience
Good Will (Ethos)
Consistency
Straw Person
Checking for Cause argement
15. These seats or commonplaces of argument suggest inferences that arguers might make that are based on the habits of thought and value hierarchies that everyone shares
Euphimism
Loci of the Preferable
Syllogism
Invalid (Categorical Syllogism)
16. Assuming as a premise some form of the very point that is at issue - the very conclusion we intend to prove. Also called circular reasoning.
Begging the Question
Epanalepsis
Stock Issues
Narrative
17. Taking the absence of evidence against something as justification for believing that thing is true.
Affirming the Consequent (INVALID)
Appeal to Ignorance
Epanalepsis
Stasis
18. What vehicles and tenors share
(Fallacy of) Accident
Charisma
Associated Commonplaces
Fallacy Fallacy
19. Opposite of Hyperbole
Hasty Generalization
(Special Topoi for) American Public Address
Litotes
Modus Tollens
20. Erroneously accusing others of fallacious reasoning
Locus of Essence
Loci of the Preferable
Enthymeme
False Charge of Fallacy
21. If A then B Not A Therefore not B
Shifting the Burden of Proof
Litotes
Denying the Antecedent (INVALID)
Ill
22. 'If two things are alike in most respects - they will be alike in this respect too' Warrant for what arg?
Manufactroversy
Accident
Analogy
Formal Debate
23. Is a variation of the tu quoque; it is when you justify a wrong by saying that most other people do it too.
Appeal to Ignorance
Burden of proof
Archetypal (Metaphor)
Common Practice (Fallacy)
24. Repetition of the same idea - changing either its words - its delivery - or the general treatment it is given.
Blame
Rhetoric
Exergasia
Value-Oriented Arguments
25. Leaving no doubt - unambiguous
Unequivocal
Shifting the Burden of Proof
(Special Topoi for) American Public Address
Erotema
26. All A are B - all C are B - therefore all A are C
Appeal to Authority
Composition
Vehicle (and) Tenor
Invalid (Categorical Syllogism)
27. Consistency - Decorum - Refutation Potential - Cliche and Mixed _____ are forms of judging ______(s)
Metaphor
Debate Resolutions
Popular Democracy
Testimony
28. Asks - 'what is it?' Involves a question of meaning when a debate turns to the proper definition of terms.
Refutation Potential
Conjectural (Stasis)
Definitional (Stasis)
Warrant
29. Literally - 'wise one' ; taught rhetoric to citizenry
Sophist
Anaphora
Checking for Testimony argument
Sound
30. Uses emotional appeal instead of evidence to argue
Checking for Testimony argument
Checking for Analogy argument
Claim
Emotionally Charged (Language)
31. Is necessary to defend the weak against the strong - Is useful and necessary to the state and the individual because you become a more thoughtful citizen and a more well-rounded person - Is useful to have the tools to recognize good arguments and def
Rhetoric
Loci of the Preferable
Ill
Unequivocal
32. Most fallacies are ____ ____; that is if the argument were to employ difference evidence - or be offered in different circumstances - it would be perfectly fine - but in the specific case in which it is identified as a fallacy - it is flawed
Epistrophe
Situationally flawed
Epanalepsis
Example
33. Is a variety of Hasty Generalization; it is when you draw conclusions about a population on the basis of a sample that is too small to be a reliable measure of that population
Value-Oriented Arguments
Locus of Quantity
Enthymeme
Small Sample
34. A manufactured controversy that is motivated by profit or extreme ideology to intentionally create confusion in the public about an issue of scientific fact that is not in dispute by the scientific community. Used to stop debate at the conjectural le
(Argument from) Testimony
Incrementum
Manufactroversy
Prolepsis
35. Special Topoi and Loci of the Preferable - what kind of args?
Begging the Question
Informal Debate
Value-Oriented Arguments
Categorical (Syllogism)
36. 1. Applying the tests of reasoning to show weaknesses in arguments and develop counterarguments 2. Accusing opponent of using fallacious reasoning 3. Pointing out a flawed metaphor 4. Discrediting the ethos of opponent 5. Pointing out flawed statisti
Modus Tollens
Tools of Refutation
Suppressed or Overlooked Evidence
Unrepresentative Sample
37. The inference says that one thing is a sign of another. It's usually used in an argument that something IS. The warrant to this argument is usually in the form 'X is a sign of Y'
(Argument from) Sign
Hasty Generalization
Erotema
Checking for Analogy argument
38. Draws a conclusions about ONE MEMBER of a GROUP based on a general rule about all members
Aristotle
Accident
Tisias
Prolepsis
39. A or B Not A Therefore - B
Aristotle
Disjunctive (Syllogism)
Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc
Begging the Question
40. If A then B B Therefore - A
Deductive Reasoning
(Evaluation Criteria for) Value-Oriented Arguments
Litotes
Affirming the Consequent (INVALID)
41. ______ are hired to create manufactroversy
Parallelism
Mercenary Scientists
Formal Debate
Burden of Rejoinder
42. The belief that current thinking - attitudes - values - and actions will continue in the absence of good arguments for their change
Ill
Presumption
(Special Topoi for) Republicans
Unrepresentative Sample
43. Repetition of the ending of one clause or sentence at the beginning of another.
Parallelism
Mixed Metaphor
Anadiplosis
Fallacy Fallacy
44. Have both claims - reason - and at least two sides
Culturetypal (Metaphor)
Blame
Arguments
Corax
45. Arguments that are flawed (not from formal logic)
First
Hasty Generalization
Fallacies
Common Practice (Fallacy)
46. What is 'at issue' in a controversy; the place where two sides of an argument come into conflict; the clash between arguments.
Anaphora
Stasis
Term I/Term II
Emotionally Charged (Language)
47. This is the name for fallacies that do not have another name but that involve a claim that does not follow from the premises (e.g. the evidence is not relevant or not appropriate to support the claim). Litterally translated as 'it does not follow -'
Accident
Non Sequitur
Hyperbole
Rhetoric
48. Faling to bring relevant evidence to bear on an argument
Nonassociated (commonplaces)
Anaphora
Mercenary Scientists
Suppressed or Overlooked Evidence
49. Juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas
Associated Commonplaces
Antithesis
Quantitative (significance)
Mercenary Scientists
50. Did not pay Corax for sophistry lessons and was taken to court
Attitudinal (inherency)
Tisias
Informal Debate
Correctio