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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A subset of a population colonizes a new area






2. The organism with the most advantageous traits will survive






3. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






4. Distribution of organisms related to evolution; different organisms play the same roles on different continents; island organisms resemble organisms on nearby mainland






5. A process to help separate DNA fragments using an electrical current; helps to compare DNA samples by fragment pattern






6. The more common a trait becomes the more likely it will be selected against






7. Choosing the sperm/egg/embryo that will produce the desired child depending on DNA(genes)






8. Recessive traits persistent to a certain population; recessive alleles hide from selection






9. Capable of asexual reproduction; most are not






10. A widely accepted idea with lots of evidence






11. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






12. The idea that characteristics can enhance an organisms survival






13. Believed that change was gradual;Gradualism(the mechanisms of the world - then - are the same today)






14. Taking good genes to replace bad genes; almost never works; has unintended side effects; sometimes just doesn't work; protein becomes degraded - etc






15. Results in a genetically identical inidvidual






16. Comparing an unknown sample of DNA to a known sample by using Gel Electrophoresis; used in crime scenes - paternity tests - and remains identification






17. Selects for the middle and against the extremes






18. Forms that show how an organisms anatomy change over time






19. Form of reproduction more used because it creates Variation






20. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






21. Number of offspring in the next generation; your contribution to the gene pool






22. Theory of a stable - nonevolving population in which frequency of alleles do not change; only occurs in large - isolated populations with random mating - and no natural selection or mutations






23. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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24. Another method designed to sort female sperm form male sperm; goes by size of sperm; females are bigger than male sperm






25. Change in alleles due to random chance






26. All species on earth are fixed; no changes - no new species - no extinction






27. The change in a populations genetics






28. Selects for the extremes and against the middle






29. Change in the DNA sequence of an individual; the only true way to get a new allele; the source of all heritable variation






30. Results in a tissue or an organ that is identical to the DNA donor






31. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted






32. Humans selecting certain traits in domestic organisms






33. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time






34. Sometimes different species share common ancestors






35. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration






36. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






37. Can make large quantities of product; infection free; less expensive than a natural source






38. Takes the gene from a needed product - puts it into another organism (usually bacteria) and it will make duplicates of the product






39. 1.edits existing variation by using the material it has(variation that exists in population/ no new traits created by natural selection) 2. Has historical constraints(change in old structures) 3. Adaptations are compromises (good for one thing - bad






40. Scientific explanation of how life changes over time - science is based off of evidence - science is obtained with observation and testing - science is always open to question






41. Came up with the term Uniformitarianism(mechanisms for change in the past still occur today; believed at first there was no evolution






42. A circular piece of DNA in bacteria where the gene is placed in Recom. DNA technology






43. Came up with the term catastrophism(sudden events that lead to extinction - but not in todays time)






44. Way more offspring are produced than by sexual reproduction






45. Subset of natural selection that increases the likelihood of mating specifically






46. When a population becomes smaller and a few individuals survive the event






47. Heterozygous chromosomes have an affect on an individuals genetics/alleles






48. One extreme is selected over the other






49. Differences in appearances between the sexes






50. Selection fro or against environment; leads to evolution only if variation has genetic components







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