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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Another method designed to sort female sperm form male sperm; goes by size of sperm; females are bigger than male sperm






2. When a population becomes smaller and a few individuals survive the event






3. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






4. Selects for the extremes and against the middle






5. Cells that can turn into other cells






6. Differences in appearances between the sexes






7. Subset of natural selection that increases the likelihood of mating specifically






8. Recessive traits persistent to a certain population; recessive alleles hide from selection






9. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






10. Directional selection - Disruptive selection - Stabalizing






11. Direct competition for mates with the same sex






12. Capable of asexual reproduction; most are not






13. Humans selecting certain traits in domestic organisms






14. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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15. First to publish mechanisms for evolution; Had 2 idea: Use and disuse - use it more gets bigger; less it disappears - Inheritance of acquired characteristics - pass on changes to offspring






16. Selection fro or against environment; leads to evolution only if variation has genetic components






17. In related organisms the underlying anatomy is similar even when the function is different






18. Change in alleles due to random chance






19. Comparing an unknown sample of DNA to a known sample by using Gel Electrophoresis; used in crime scenes - paternity tests - and remains identification






20. Change in the DNA sequence of an individual; the only true way to get a new allele; the source of all heritable variation






21. A process to help separate DNA fragments using an electrical current; helps to compare DNA samples by fragment pattern






22. Way more offspring are produced than by sexual reproduction






23. A subset of a population colonizes a new area






24. A group of interbreeding organisms living in the same place at the same time






25. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted






26. Theory of a stable - nonevolving population in which frequency of alleles do not change; only occurs in large - isolated populations with random mating - and no natural selection or mutations






27. Cells that can become any cell in the body; found in the embryo






28. A circular piece of DNA in bacteria where the gene is placed in Recom. DNA technology






29. Cuts DNA in specific sites; the fragments created are usually predictable






30. A widely accepted idea with lots of evidence






31. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time






32. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






33. Taking good genes to replace bad genes; almost never works; has unintended side effects; sometimes just doesn't work; protein becomes degraded - etc






34. Results in a tissue or an organ that is identical to the DNA donor






35. An accumulation of genetic charges over a certain amount of time






36. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






37. One extreme is selected over the other






38. Closely related organisms have more similar DNA sequences and protein structures






39. Forms that show how an organisms anatomy change over time






40. Mate choice; one sex chooses their mate






41. Scientific explanation of how life changes over time - science is based off of evidence - science is obtained with observation and testing - science is always open to question






42. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration






43. The idea that characteristics can enhance an organisms survival






44. Distribution of organisms related to evolution; different organisms play the same roles on different continents; island organisms resemble organisms on nearby mainland






45. The more common a trait becomes the more likely it will be selected against






46. Heterozygous chromosomes have an affect on an individuals genetics/alleles






47. Came up with the term catastrophism(sudden events that lead to extinction - but not in todays time)






48. Sometimes different species share common ancestors






49. Related organisms have similar development plans






50. 1.edits existing variation by using the material it has(variation that exists in population/ no new traits created by natural selection) 2. Has historical constraints(change in old structures) 3. Adaptations are compromises (good for one thing - bad