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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An accumulation of genetic charges over a certain amount of time






2. A process to help separate DNA fragments using an electrical current; helps to compare DNA samples by fragment pattern






3. A widely accepted idea with lots of evidence






4. Directional selection - Disruptive selection - Stabalizing






5. When a population becomes smaller and a few individuals survive the event






6. Form of reproduction more used because it creates Variation






7. Forms that show how an organisms anatomy change over time






8. Results in a tissue or an organ that is identical to the DNA donor






9. Distribution of organisms related to evolution; different organisms play the same roles on different continents; island organisms resemble organisms on nearby mainland






10. Mate choice; one sex chooses their mate






11. The change in a populations genetics






12. Another method designed to sort female sperm form male sperm; goes by size of sperm; females are bigger than male sperm






13. First to publish mechanisms for evolution; Had 2 idea: Use and disuse - use it more gets bigger; less it disappears - Inheritance of acquired characteristics - pass on changes to offspring






14. Sometimes different species share common ancestors






15. In related organisms the underlying anatomy is similar even when the function is different






16. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






17. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






18. Humans selecting certain traits in domestic organisms






19. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






20. Recessive traits persistent to a certain population; recessive alleles hide from selection






21. Related organisms have similar development plans






22. 1.edits existing variation by using the material it has(variation that exists in population/ no new traits created by natural selection) 2. Has historical constraints(change in old structures) 3. Adaptations are compromises (good for one thing - bad






23. Theory of a stable - nonevolving population in which frequency of alleles do not change; only occurs in large - isolated populations with random mating - and no natural selection or mutations






24. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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25. Cells that can become any cell in the body; found in the embryo






26. A group of interbreeding organisms living in the same place at the same time






27. Selection fro or against environment; leads to evolution only if variation has genetic components






28. A subset of a population colonizes a new area






29. Differences in appearances between the sexes






30. Results in a genetically identical inidvidual






31. Sexual partners chosen based on some characteristics






32. Scientific explanation of how life changes over time - science is based off of evidence - science is obtained with observation and testing - science is always open to question






33. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted






34. Can make large quantities of product; infection free; less expensive than a natural source






35. Traits that are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous; there is no selection






36. Change in the DNA sequence of an individual; the only true way to get a new allele; the source of all heritable variation






37. Believed that change was gradual;Gradualism(the mechanisms of the world - then - are the same today)






38. Came up with the term Uniformitarianism(mechanisms for change in the past still occur today; believed at first there was no evolution






39. Takes the gene from a needed product - puts it into another organism (usually bacteria) and it will make duplicates of the product






40. Choosing the sperm/egg/embryo that will produce the desired child depending on DNA(genes)






41. Way more offspring are produced than by sexual reproduction






42. Capable of asexual reproduction; most are not






43. Comparing an unknown sample of DNA to a known sample by using Gel Electrophoresis; used in crime scenes - paternity tests - and remains identification






44. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






45. Came up with the term catastrophism(sudden events that lead to extinction - but not in todays time)






46. Direct competition for mates with the same sex






47. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time






48. Cells that can turn into other cells






49. Number of offspring in the next generation; your contribution to the gene pool






50. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration







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