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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Way more offspring are produced than by sexual reproduction






2. Form of reproduction more used because it creates Variation






3. Selection fro or against environment; leads to evolution only if variation has genetic components






4. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






5. Number of offspring in the next generation; your contribution to the gene pool






6. Sometimes different species share common ancestors






7. Results in a tissue or an organ that is identical to the DNA donor






8. Subset of natural selection that increases the likelihood of mating specifically






9. Came up with the term Uniformitarianism(mechanisms for change in the past still occur today; believed at first there was no evolution






10. The organism with the most advantageous traits will survive






11. A process to help separate DNA fragments using an electrical current; helps to compare DNA samples by fragment pattern






12. The idea that characteristics can enhance an organisms survival






13. Differences in appearances between the sexes






14. When a population becomes smaller and a few individuals survive the event






15. First to publish mechanisms for evolution; Had 2 idea: Use and disuse - use it more gets bigger; less it disappears - Inheritance of acquired characteristics - pass on changes to offspring






16. Takes the gene from a needed product - puts it into another organism (usually bacteria) and it will make duplicates of the product






17. Heterozygous chromosomes have an affect on an individuals genetics/alleles






18. A circular piece of DNA in bacteria where the gene is placed in Recom. DNA technology






19. All species on earth are fixed; no changes - no new species - no extinction






20. Change in the DNA sequence of an individual; the only true way to get a new allele; the source of all heritable variation






21. The change in a populations genetics






22. Cuts DNA in specific sites; the fragments created are usually predictable






23. Sexual partners chosen based on some characteristics






24. 1.edits existing variation by using the material it has(variation that exists in population/ no new traits created by natural selection) 2. Has historical constraints(change in old structures) 3. Adaptations are compromises (good for one thing - bad






25. Taking good genes to replace bad genes; almost never works; has unintended side effects; sometimes just doesn't work; protein becomes degraded - etc






26. Directional selection - Disruptive selection - Stabalizing






27. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration






28. Can make large quantities of product; infection free; less expensive than a natural source






29. Choosing the sperm/egg/embryo that will produce the desired child depending on DNA(genes)






30. Theory of a stable - nonevolving population in which frequency of alleles do not change; only occurs in large - isolated populations with random mating - and no natural selection or mutations






31. Closely related organisms have more similar DNA sequences and protein structures






32. Traits that are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous; there is no selection






33. Related organisms have similar development plans






34. Another method designed to sort female sperm form male sperm; goes by size of sperm; females are bigger than male sperm






35. Believed that change was gradual;Gradualism(the mechanisms of the world - then - are the same today)






36. Results in a genetically identical inidvidual






37. Direct competition for mates with the same sex






38. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted






39. Cells that can become any cell in the body; found in the embryo






40. Selects for the extremes and against the middle






41. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






42. A widely accepted idea with lots of evidence






43. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time






44. Selects for the middle and against the extremes






45. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






46. Recessive traits persistent to a certain population; recessive alleles hide from selection






47. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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48. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






49. The more common a trait becomes the more likely it will be selected against






50. Change in alleles due to random chance