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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Theory of a stable - nonevolving population in which frequency of alleles do not change; only occurs in large - isolated populations with random mating - and no natural selection or mutations






2. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






3. Results in a tissue or an organ that is identical to the DNA donor






4. Related organisms have similar development plans






5. Scientific explanation of how life changes over time - science is based off of evidence - science is obtained with observation and testing - science is always open to question






6. Change in alleles due to random chance






7. Another method designed to sort female sperm form male sperm; goes by size of sperm; females are bigger than male sperm






8. Humans selecting certain traits in domestic organisms






9. An accumulation of genetic charges over a certain amount of time






10. Mate choice; one sex chooses their mate






11. Cells that can turn into other cells






12. Heterozygous chromosomes have an affect on an individuals genetics/alleles






13. Choosing the sperm/egg/embryo that will produce the desired child depending on DNA(genes)






14. Traits that are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous; there is no selection






15. Cuts DNA in specific sites; the fragments created are usually predictable






16. Believed that change was gradual;Gradualism(the mechanisms of the world - then - are the same today)






17. Direct competition for mates with the same sex






18. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






19. One extreme is selected over the other






20. Sometimes different species share common ancestors






21. Forms that show how an organisms anatomy change over time






22. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






23. Way more offspring are produced than by sexual reproduction






24. When a population becomes smaller and a few individuals survive the event






25. Sexual partners chosen based on some characteristics






26. A widely accepted idea with lots of evidence






27. Differences in appearances between the sexes






28. Directional selection - Disruptive selection - Stabalizing






29. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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30. A process to help separate DNA fragments using an electrical current; helps to compare DNA samples by fragment pattern






31. The more common a trait becomes the more likely it will be selected against






32. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration






33. Closely related organisms have more similar DNA sequences and protein structures






34. All species on earth are fixed; no changes - no new species - no extinction






35. Can make large quantities of product; infection free; less expensive than a natural source






36. Distribution of organisms related to evolution; different organisms play the same roles on different continents; island organisms resemble organisms on nearby mainland






37. Selection fro or against environment; leads to evolution only if variation has genetic components






38. Subset of natural selection that increases the likelihood of mating specifically






39. Takes the gene from a needed product - puts it into another organism (usually bacteria) and it will make duplicates of the product






40. Results in a genetically identical inidvidual






41. 1.edits existing variation by using the material it has(variation that exists in population/ no new traits created by natural selection) 2. Has historical constraints(change in old structures) 3. Adaptations are compromises (good for one thing - bad






42. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted






43. First to publish mechanisms for evolution; Had 2 idea: Use and disuse - use it more gets bigger; less it disappears - Inheritance of acquired characteristics - pass on changes to offspring






44. Number of offspring in the next generation; your contribution to the gene pool






45. A subset of a population colonizes a new area






46. A group of interbreeding organisms living in the same place at the same time






47. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






48. Recessive traits persistent to a certain population; recessive alleles hide from selection






49. Came up with the term catastrophism(sudden events that lead to extinction - but not in todays time)






50. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time