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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






2. A subset of a population colonizes a new area






3. Subset of natural selection that increases the likelihood of mating specifically






4. In related organisms the underlying anatomy is similar even when the function is different






5. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






6. Closely related organisms have more similar DNA sequences and protein structures






7. Capable of asexual reproduction; most are not






8. Can make large quantities of product; infection free; less expensive than a natural source






9. Believed that change was gradual;Gradualism(the mechanisms of the world - then - are the same today)






10. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration






11. Heterozygous chromosomes have an affect on an individuals genetics/alleles






12. Change in the DNA sequence of an individual; the only true way to get a new allele; the source of all heritable variation






13. Scientific explanation of how life changes over time - science is based off of evidence - science is obtained with observation and testing - science is always open to question






14. Traits that are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous; there is no selection






15. Comparing an unknown sample of DNA to a known sample by using Gel Electrophoresis; used in crime scenes - paternity tests - and remains identification






16. Results in a genetically identical inidvidual






17. A group of interbreeding organisms living in the same place at the same time






18. Mate choice; one sex chooses their mate






19. Recessive traits persistent to a certain population; recessive alleles hide from selection






20. 1.edits existing variation by using the material it has(variation that exists in population/ no new traits created by natural selection) 2. Has historical constraints(change in old structures) 3. Adaptations are compromises (good for one thing - bad






21. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time






22. Came up with the term Uniformitarianism(mechanisms for change in the past still occur today; believed at first there was no evolution






23. Number of offspring in the next generation; your contribution to the gene pool






24. Taking good genes to replace bad genes; almost never works; has unintended side effects; sometimes just doesn't work; protein becomes degraded - etc






25. Choosing the sperm/egg/embryo that will produce the desired child depending on DNA(genes)






26. One extreme is selected over the other






27. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






28. Sometimes different species share common ancestors






29. Selection fro or against environment; leads to evolution only if variation has genetic components






30. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






31. Sexual partners chosen based on some characteristics






32. When a population becomes smaller and a few individuals survive the event






33. A widely accepted idea with lots of evidence






34. The organism with the most advantageous traits will survive






35. Came up with the term catastrophism(sudden events that lead to extinction - but not in todays time)






36. An accumulation of genetic charges over a certain amount of time






37. Related organisms have similar development plans






38. Directional selection - Disruptive selection - Stabalizing






39. A process to help separate DNA fragments using an electrical current; helps to compare DNA samples by fragment pattern






40. The more common a trait becomes the more likely it will be selected against






41. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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42. Another method designed to sort female sperm form male sperm; goes by size of sperm; females are bigger than male sperm






43. Humans selecting certain traits in domestic organisms






44. All species on earth are fixed; no changes - no new species - no extinction






45. First to publish mechanisms for evolution; Had 2 idea: Use and disuse - use it more gets bigger; less it disappears - Inheritance of acquired characteristics - pass on changes to offspring






46. Cuts DNA in specific sites; the fragments created are usually predictable






47. Takes the gene from a needed product - puts it into another organism (usually bacteria) and it will make duplicates of the product






48. Theory of a stable - nonevolving population in which frequency of alleles do not change; only occurs in large - isolated populations with random mating - and no natural selection or mutations






49. Forms that show how an organisms anatomy change over time






50. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted