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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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2. Takes the gene from a needed product - puts it into another organism (usually bacteria) and it will make duplicates of the product






3. Traits that are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous; there is no selection






4. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted






5. Change in alleles due to random chance






6. Came up with the term catastrophism(sudden events that lead to extinction - but not in todays time)






7. First to publish mechanisms for evolution; Had 2 idea: Use and disuse - use it more gets bigger; less it disappears - Inheritance of acquired characteristics - pass on changes to offspring






8. A widely accepted idea with lots of evidence






9. Subset of natural selection that increases the likelihood of mating specifically






10. Recessive traits persistent to a certain population; recessive alleles hide from selection






11. Results in a genetically identical inidvidual






12. Capable of asexual reproduction; most are not






13. Direct competition for mates with the same sex






14. Change in the DNA sequence of an individual; the only true way to get a new allele; the source of all heritable variation






15. Comparing an unknown sample of DNA to a known sample by using Gel Electrophoresis; used in crime scenes - paternity tests - and remains identification






16. A process to help separate DNA fragments using an electrical current; helps to compare DNA samples by fragment pattern






17. Selection fro or against environment; leads to evolution only if variation has genetic components






18. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






19. In related organisms the underlying anatomy is similar even when the function is different






20. One extreme is selected over the other






21. All species on earth are fixed; no changes - no new species - no extinction






22. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time






23. Taking good genes to replace bad genes; almost never works; has unintended side effects; sometimes just doesn't work; protein becomes degraded - etc






24. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






25. Mate choice; one sex chooses their mate






26. Another method designed to sort female sperm form male sperm; goes by size of sperm; females are bigger than male sperm






27. The change in a populations genetics






28. Came up with the term Uniformitarianism(mechanisms for change in the past still occur today; believed at first there was no evolution






29. When a population becomes smaller and a few individuals survive the event






30. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






31. Sexual partners chosen based on some characteristics






32. Directional selection - Disruptive selection - Stabalizing






33. Related organisms have similar development plans






34. Differences in appearances between the sexes






35. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration






36. Humans selecting certain traits in domestic organisms






37. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






38. Cuts DNA in specific sites; the fragments created are usually predictable






39. Cells that can become any cell in the body; found in the embryo






40. The idea that characteristics can enhance an organisms survival






41. Distribution of organisms related to evolution; different organisms play the same roles on different continents; island organisms resemble organisms on nearby mainland






42. Results in a tissue or an organ that is identical to the DNA donor






43. Forms that show how an organisms anatomy change over time






44. Heterozygous chromosomes have an affect on an individuals genetics/alleles






45. The more common a trait becomes the more likely it will be selected against






46. Form of reproduction more used because it creates Variation






47. Theory of a stable - nonevolving population in which frequency of alleles do not change; only occurs in large - isolated populations with random mating - and no natural selection or mutations






48. A subset of a population colonizes a new area






49. An accumulation of genetic charges over a certain amount of time






50. Selects for the extremes and against the middle







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