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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






2. Can make large quantities of product; infection free; less expensive than a natural source






3. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






4. Way more offspring are produced than by sexual reproduction






5. Came up with the term Uniformitarianism(mechanisms for change in the past still occur today; believed at first there was no evolution






6. The more common a trait becomes the more likely it will be selected against






7. First to publish mechanisms for evolution; Had 2 idea: Use and disuse - use it more gets bigger; less it disappears - Inheritance of acquired characteristics - pass on changes to offspring






8. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration






9. In related organisms the underlying anatomy is similar even when the function is different






10. One extreme is selected over the other






11. Selects for the extremes and against the middle






12. Directional selection - Disruptive selection - Stabalizing






13. Results in a genetically identical inidvidual






14. Forms that show how an organisms anatomy change over time






15. Takes the gene from a needed product - puts it into another organism (usually bacteria) and it will make duplicates of the product






16. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






17. Selects for the middle and against the extremes






18. Closely related organisms have more similar DNA sequences and protein structures






19. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted






20. All species on earth are fixed; no changes - no new species - no extinction






21. A subset of a population colonizes a new area






22. Came up with the term catastrophism(sudden events that lead to extinction - but not in todays time)






23. Traits that are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous; there is no selection






24. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






25. Change in the DNA sequence of an individual; the only true way to get a new allele; the source of all heritable variation






26. Subset of natural selection that increases the likelihood of mating specifically






27. Another method designed to sort female sperm form male sperm; goes by size of sperm; females are bigger than male sperm






28. Believed that change was gradual;Gradualism(the mechanisms of the world - then - are the same today)






29. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time






30. An accumulation of genetic charges over a certain amount of time






31. A group of interbreeding organisms living in the same place at the same time






32. Sexual partners chosen based on some characteristics






33. Direct competition for mates with the same sex






34. Related organisms have similar development plans






35. Comparing an unknown sample of DNA to a known sample by using Gel Electrophoresis; used in crime scenes - paternity tests - and remains identification






36. A circular piece of DNA in bacteria where the gene is placed in Recom. DNA technology






37. Change in alleles due to random chance






38. Distribution of organisms related to evolution; different organisms play the same roles on different continents; island organisms resemble organisms on nearby mainland






39. Choosing the sperm/egg/embryo that will produce the desired child depending on DNA(genes)






40. Cuts DNA in specific sites; the fragments created are usually predictable






41. Cells that can turn into other cells






42. Results in a tissue or an organ that is identical to the DNA donor






43. Recessive traits persistent to a certain population; recessive alleles hide from selection






44. Mate choice; one sex chooses their mate






45. Theory of a stable - nonevolving population in which frequency of alleles do not change; only occurs in large - isolated populations with random mating - and no natural selection or mutations






46. The idea that characteristics can enhance an organisms survival






47. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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48. Heterozygous chromosomes have an affect on an individuals genetics/alleles






49. The organism with the most advantageous traits will survive






50. Cells that can become any cell in the body; found in the embryo