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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Subset of natural selection that increases the likelihood of mating specifically






2. Closely related organisms have more similar DNA sequences and protein structures






3. Capable of asexual reproduction; most are not






4. Change in alleles due to random chance






5. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time






6. Came up with the term catastrophism(sudden events that lead to extinction - but not in todays time)






7. Sometimes different species share common ancestors






8. Comparing an unknown sample of DNA to a known sample by using Gel Electrophoresis; used in crime scenes - paternity tests - and remains identification






9. Differences in appearances between the sexes






10. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted






11. Related organisms have similar development plans






12. Scientific explanation of how life changes over time - science is based off of evidence - science is obtained with observation and testing - science is always open to question






13. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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14. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






15. The organism with the most advantageous traits will survive






16. Way more offspring are produced than by sexual reproduction






17. An accumulation of genetic charges over a certain amount of time






18. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






19. A process to help separate DNA fragments using an electrical current; helps to compare DNA samples by fragment pattern






20. Cells that can become any cell in the body; found in the embryo






21. Sexual partners chosen based on some characteristics






22. Traits that are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous; there is no selection






23. A group of interbreeding organisms living in the same place at the same time






24. Heterozygous chromosomes have an affect on an individuals genetics/alleles






25. Direct competition for mates with the same sex






26. A widely accepted idea with lots of evidence






27. Believed that change was gradual;Gradualism(the mechanisms of the world - then - are the same today)






28. Taking good genes to replace bad genes; almost never works; has unintended side effects; sometimes just doesn't work; protein becomes degraded - etc






29. In related organisms the underlying anatomy is similar even when the function is different






30. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






31. Change in the DNA sequence of an individual; the only true way to get a new allele; the source of all heritable variation






32. When a population becomes smaller and a few individuals survive the event






33. Directional selection - Disruptive selection - Stabalizing






34. Can make large quantities of product; infection free; less expensive than a natural source






35. Choosing the sperm/egg/embryo that will produce the desired child depending on DNA(genes)






36. Results in a genetically identical inidvidual






37. Cells that can turn into other cells






38. First to publish mechanisms for evolution; Had 2 idea: Use and disuse - use it more gets bigger; less it disappears - Inheritance of acquired characteristics - pass on changes to offspring






39. Mate choice; one sex chooses their mate






40. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration






41. A subset of a population colonizes a new area






42. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






43. A circular piece of DNA in bacteria where the gene is placed in Recom. DNA technology






44. Selects for the extremes and against the middle






45. 1.edits existing variation by using the material it has(variation that exists in population/ no new traits created by natural selection) 2. Has historical constraints(change in old structures) 3. Adaptations are compromises (good for one thing - bad






46. The change in a populations genetics






47. Distribution of organisms related to evolution; different organisms play the same roles on different continents; island organisms resemble organisms on nearby mainland






48. Humans selecting certain traits in domestic organisms






49. Results in a tissue or an organ that is identical to the DNA donor






50. All species on earth are fixed; no changes - no new species - no extinction