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Recombinant Dna Technology

Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Forms that show how an organisms anatomy change over time






2. Cells that can turn into other cells






3. A process to help separate DNA fragments using an electrical current; helps to compare DNA samples by fragment pattern






4. Set sail on the HMS Beagle to travel the islands and areas for signs of evolution; First book written in 1839 'voyage of the Beagle'; Second book published in 1859 'The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection






5. The screening of embryos for genetic disorders; done in In Vitro fertilization(fertilization in a petri dish); PGD removes one cell from the embryo and screens it genetically; embryos with disorders are discarded - ones without are kept and implanted






6. Cells that can become any cell in the body; found in the embryo






7. The more common a trait becomes the more likely it will be selected against






8. Differences in appearances between the sexes






9. The process of sperm sorting; separating the male sperm from the female sperm; difference told by swimming speed; boy sperm swim faster than girl sperm; Theory might have flaws in it though - only works 50% of the time






10. Results in a tissue or an organ that is identical to the DNA donor






11. Directional selection - Disruptive selection - Stabalizing






12. Believed that change was gradual;Gradualism(the mechanisms of the world - then - are the same today)






13. Came up with the term Uniformitarianism(mechanisms for change in the past still occur today; believed at first there was no evolution






14. Comparing an unknown sample of DNA to a known sample by using Gel Electrophoresis; used in crime scenes - paternity tests - and remains identification






15. Sometimes different species share common ancestors






16. Choosing the sperm/egg/embryo that will produce the desired child depending on DNA(genes)






17. Selects for the extremes and against the middle






18. Mate choice; one sex chooses their mate






19. An accumulation of genetic charges over a certain amount of time






20. First to publish mechanisms for evolution; Had 2 idea: Use and disuse - use it more gets bigger; less it disappears - Inheritance of acquired characteristics - pass on changes to offspring






21. Change in alleles due to random chance






22. Pharmaceutical animals; cloned animals used ot produce products for humans

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23. The idea that characteristics can enhance an organisms survival






24. A group of interbreeding organisms living in the same place at the same time






25. Cells that can become only a few different types of cells; mostly adult stem cells; found in bone marrow - the skin epidermis - etc; can sometimes be turned into Totipotent stem cells






26. When a population becomes smaller and a few individuals survive the event






27. Recessive traits persistent to a certain population; recessive alleles hide from selection






28. Can make large quantities of product; infection free; less expensive than a natural source






29. Traits that are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous; there is no selection






30. 1.edits existing variation by using the material it has(variation that exists in population/ no new traits created by natural selection) 2. Has historical constraints(change in old structures) 3. Adaptations are compromises (good for one thing - bad






31. Related organisms have similar development plans






32. Another method designed to sort female sperm form male sperm; goes by size of sperm; females are bigger than male sperm






33. Capable of asexual reproduction; most are not






34. Takes the gene from a needed product - puts it into another organism (usually bacteria) and it will make duplicates of the product






35. A widely accepted idea with lots of evidence






36. Heterozygous chromosomes have an affect on an individuals genetics/alleles






37. In related organisms the underlying anatomy is similar even when the function is different






38. Form of reproduction more used because it creates Variation






39. The organism with the most advantageous traits will survive






40. Closely related organisms have more similar DNA sequences and protein structures






41. Sexual partners chosen based on some characteristics






42. Cuts DNA in specific sites; the fragments created are usually predictable






43. Number of offspring in the next generation; your contribution to the gene pool






44. The change in a populations genetics






45. Results in a genetically identical inidvidual






46. Taking good genes to replace bad genes; almost never works; has unintended side effects; sometimes just doesn't work; protein becomes degraded - etc






47. Invented the binomial method(naming of species); also believed that life was fixed






48. The movement of genes between two populations e.g. migration - immigration






49. Mutation - Natural selection - Genetic drift - Bottleneck effect - Founder effect - Gene flow - and Mate choice/non - random mating






50. One extreme is selected over the other