RHCSA

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are SELinux Booleans?
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.


2. Which log file is used to keep track of policy violations?
LUKS encryption
alternatives --config mta
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.


3. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - the default for SELinux is _______________ (which can be changed after the installation completes). For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you were able to choose what mode you wanted SELinux to start in.
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
Enforcing during installation
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.
halts the system


4. What happens to jobs that are scheduled to run while the system is off?
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.


5. What is the xinetd service used for?
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.


6. By default - what is the path to a user's home directory?

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7. What command can you use to create a file system?
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.
mkfs.ext4
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).


8. What is a virtual host?
Enforcing during installation
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
LUKS encryption


9. How can virtual hosts be used?
schedule one-time-only jobs
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.


10. Runlevel 0 ___________. Runlevel 6 reboots the system.
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.
halts the system
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.


11. The virt-install package allows you to manage virtual machines _____________. The virt-manager package allows you to manage virtual machines via a GUI interface.
via the command line
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.


12. What command can you use to query Boolean values?
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
getsebool
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.


13. What is SSH used for?
SSH is used for secure remote management of Linux systems.
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
chkconfig—list
amount of RAM


14. What is the name of the package used to install an FTP?
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
serve both files and printers to users


15. What is the point of using SELinux?
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
load balancing and redundancy benefits
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.


16. If you want a specific action to take place when user01 logs in to the system - which file would you edit?
load balancing and redundancy benefits
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.


17. What port does the rndc utility listen on by default?
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.


18. What protocols are used with Dovecot?
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.


19. The ____________ is available for each share.
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
browseable option
semanage boolean -l


20. What is the format of the /etc/shadow file?
chkconfig sshd off
chcon
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.


21. How would you install a group of packages all at a single time?
browseable option
via the command line
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.


22. How would you view all Boolean options for the HTTP service?
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
getsebool -a | grep http
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.


23. The old SysInit scripts have been replaced in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 for what new boot utility?
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
rpcbind service
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.


24. How can you change the security context of a directory to work with Apache?
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.


25. What port does the DHCP server listen on by default?
service httpd configtest
amount of RAM
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.


26. What are the three items that make up LVM?
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.


27. The at command is used to ____________. The cron service handles reoccurring system jobs.
alternatives --config mta
rpmbuild
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
schedule one-time-only jobs


28. What option needs to be used with the mount command to mount an NFS resource?
Enforcing during installation
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.


29. Which file shows you all the client IP addresses?
The /etc/fstab file.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
repquota


30. Which file contains all messages generated during installation that can be used for troubleshooting if the need arises?
enabled by default
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.


31. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.


32. What is the biggest benefit to using LVM over basic partitions?
kickstart installations to work
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g


33. What option at the GRUB boot menu can you use to append something to a kernel?
createrepo
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.


34. The default SMTP service has been changed from _________ to Postfix in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
Sendmail
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?


35. What command disables the SSH service from running when the system boots?
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
mkfs.ext4
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
chkconfig sshd off


36. What happens if you call the command from question 3 with the -c option after it has already been run?
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
support TCP Wrappers


37. What is the last rule in the iptables file?

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38. What happens if a host changes its IP address and the keys don't match?

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39. What command and option can you use to enable a service to start on boot?
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.


40. To export directories as resources - what file needs to be edited?

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41. What directory is used to represent the virtual file system created by the kernel?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
Enforcing during installation


42. What command can you use to view system processes and their CPU usage?
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
amount of RAM


43. What command do you use to report information on quota usage?
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
The /etc/fstab file.
repquota


44. What three components are needed to fully automate a kickstart installation?
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.


45. What command can you use to create your own repositories?
createrepo
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.


46. What port on the firewall needs to be open for the TFTP server to work?
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.


47. What is the /etc/vsftpd/user_list file used for?
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
Enforcing during installation
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.


48. What is the /etc/hosts file used for?

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49. What two ports should be opened on the firewall for the FTP server to function properly?
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.


50. Place all files you want added to a _______________ during creation.

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