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RHCSA
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Subjects
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certifications
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it-skills
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rhcsa
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the five required directories when building RPMS?
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
rpmbuild
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
2. What port on the firewall needs to be open for the TFTP server to work?
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
3. What does the partprobe command do?
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
4. What three commands can you use to help verify that the DNS server is functioning properly?
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
5. What is the difference between the update (-U) and install (-i) options when using rpm to update the kernel?
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
browseable option
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
6. The exportfs command is used to...
export one or all resources
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
halts the system
7. Do you need to write changes to the disk when using the parted command? What about fdisk?
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
8. The ______________ for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 or 6 includes the use of LVM.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
Enforcing during installation
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
9. For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - SELinux comes set up in enforcing mode. When installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you have the option to...
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10. How would you go about creating a static route?
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
chkconfig xinetd --list
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
chkconfig—list
11. To grow a file system
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
repquota
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
12. What is PAM used for?
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The /etc/fstab file.
13. There are four types of DNS servers. Name them.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
14. What is a gateway used for on a network?
load balancing and redundancy benefits
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
support for TCP Wrappers
support TCP Wrappers
15. What are the two config files for Postfix called?
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
16. What does it mean if you ping a host and you receive the response Destination Unreachable?
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
17. What are the two types of back-end authentication mechanisms discussed in this chapter?
rpmbuild
getsebool
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
halts the system
18. What are the three different types of RAID described in this chapter?
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
19. Should you allow remote root access - Why or why not?
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20. Editing the /etc/xinetd.d/tftp file and enabling the service are the same as running the chkconfig tftp on command. Both of these actions...
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.
have the same effect
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
21. What command can you use to manage system services?
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
Yum repository config files (.repo files) are located in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can also make direct entries into the main /etc/yum.conf file.
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
22. Can you name the two commands that can be used to view the free space on the system?
serve both files and printers to users
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.
23. Explain the difference between soft and hard limits in quotas.
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24. What does the testparm command do?
rpcbind service
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
25. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
repquota
26. How can virtual hosts be used?
Enforcing during installation
have the same effect
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.
27. What benefit does a web proxy provide to your network?
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
LUKS encryption
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.
28. What port does the DHCP server listen on by default?
Enforcing during installation
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
have the same effect
29. How would you install a group of packages all at a single time?
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
30. What directory is used to represent the virtual file system created by the kernel?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
via the command line
browseable option
31. What does ifconfig 172.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth1 do?
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
32. How can you verify the status of the SSH service after the system has booted?
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.
service sshd statuts
33. What command can you use to validate the syntax of the Apache config file?
rpcbind service
service httpd configtest
chcon
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
34. What command disables the SSH service from running when the system boots?
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
chkconfig sshd off
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
35. What command (and options) can be used to create a user named George with the description "Jr Admin"?
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
36. What port does the Apache web server run on - What about HTTPS?
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
Enforcing during installation
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.
37. What command and options can you use to update the time?
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
38. What command would you use to create a group - to add the user George to the group?
rpmbuild
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
ifconfig
39. A slave DNS server provides...
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
load balancing and redundancy benefits
The /etc/fstab file.
40. What is the default port that Squid runs on?
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
41. The ____________ is available for each share.
browseable option
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.
42. What is the difference between an A record and a PTR record?
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
export one or all resources
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
43. What command and option do you use to view the description of Boolean values?
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
semanage boolean -l
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
44. What command can you use to change the context of files?
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
kickstart installations to work
chcon
45. What is the top command used for?
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
chkconfig xinetd --list
46. Before you work with quotas - what do you need to do to the file system?
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
47. What command-line program can you use to check your mail?
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
ifconfig
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.
48. Which file contains all messages generated during installation that can be used for troubleshooting if the need arises?
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
lvdisplay
49. FTP is one of three protocols ______________. The other two protocols are NFS and HTTP.
support for TCP Wrappers
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
service dhcpd configtest
used for kickstart and/or network installs
50. What three components are needed to fully automate a kickstart installation?
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
kickstart installations to work
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