Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the /etc/hosts file used for?

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2. What is the difference between an ext2 and ext3 file system?

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3. What command can you use to view mounted Samba shares?
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.


4. The old SysInit scripts have been replaced in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 for what new boot utility?
chkconfig xinetd --list
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
semanage boolean -l
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.


5. What command do you use to report information on quota usage?
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
repquota
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).


6. Which file contains all messages generated during installation that can be used for troubleshooting if the need arises?
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
createrepo
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.


7. The at command is used to ____________. The cron service handles reoccurring system jobs.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
schedule one-time-only jobs
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.


8. Before you work with quotas - what do you need to do to the file system?
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.


9. What port does the Apache web server run on - What about HTTPS?
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.


10. What are the three items that make up LVM?
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
alternatives --config mta
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.


11. Explain the difference between soft and hard limits in quotas.

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12. What is the biggest benefit to using LVM over basic partitions?
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.


13. To export directories as resources - what file needs to be edited?

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14. The virt-install package allows you to manage virtual machines _____________. The virt-manager package allows you to manage virtual machines via a GUI interface.
load balancing and redundancy benefits
via the command line
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.


15. What does virsh reboot Client04 do?
service named configtest
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.


16. How can you list all services on the system to tell whether they will boot during startup?
chkconfig—list
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.


17. What benefit does a web proxy provide to your network?
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.


18. What command can you use to check the config file of the DHCP server?
service dhcpd configtest
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
semanage boolean -l


19. There are four types of DNS servers. Name them.
cat /proc/mdstat
kickstart installations to work
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.


20. What port does the DHCP server listen on by default?
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.


21. You must dictate the ____________ you want allocated to your virtual machine when you create it.
amount of RAM
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.


22. What command can you use to change the context of files?
Enforcing during installation
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
chcon


23. What is a virtual host?
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.


24. GRUB has three stages. Can you name them?
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
cat /proc/mdstat
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo


25. What command can you use to create a file system?
mkfs.ext4
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.


26. What file is used to maintain custom parameters for the kernel during system boot?
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
mkfs.ext4
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.


27. Does a DHCP server allow reserved IP addresses - If so - how?
SSH is used for secure remote management of Linux systems.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.


28. What does S12rsyslog in the /etc/rc.d/rc2.d directory mean?
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.


29. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
halts the system
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.


30. What port must be opened on the firewall for DNS?
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
DNS uses port 53.
service named configtest


31. What command is used to create an RPM package?
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
service dhcpd configtest
rpmbuild
createrepo


32. Samba servers can...
enabled by default
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
serve both files and printers to users


33. Through its main config file - SSH can be configured to...

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34. What command can you use to create your own repositories?
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
createrepo
amount of RAM
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.


35. Which version of SSH should you use?
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.


36. What is the main config file for the DHCP service?
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
service httpd configtest
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory


37. What is the top command used for?
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.


38. What two commands are special for dealing with user login events?
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.
service sshd statuts
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?


39. What is the rndc utility used for?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.
DNS uses port 53.
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.


40. What two ports should be opened on the firewall for the FTP server to function properly?
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
service sshd statuts
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.


41. What commands can you use to add a client machine to an LDAP server?
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
repquota
alternatives --config mta


42. What is the default port that Squid runs on?
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.


43. How do you run a command with elevated privileges?
Sendmail
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.


44. Which file shows you all the client IP addresses?
repquota
support for TCP Wrappers
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.


45. What command can you use to query information from the kernel about RAID arrays?
cat /proc/mdstat
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.


46. What directory is used to represent the virtual file system created by the kernel?
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.


47. What command (and options) can be used to create a user named George with the description "Jr Admin"?
atq
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.
LUKS encryption


48. To create a RAID or LVM partition using kickstart
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
Sendmail
export one or all resources
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).


49. What are the side effects of shrinking a volume group or logical volume?
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
getfacl


50. What are the five required directories when building RPMS?
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.