Test your basic knowledge |

RHCSA

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, rhcsa

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the top command used for?
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
used for kickstart and/or network installs
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.

2. Can you name three utilities that can be used for network or DNS client troubleshooting?
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
Enforcing during installation
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.

3. What is a gateway used for on a network?
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
createrepo
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.

4. What three commands can you use to help verify that the DNS server is functioning properly?
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
Enforcing during installation
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
browseable option

5. Place all files you want added to a _______________ during creation.

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6. The at command is used to ____________. The cron service handles reoccurring system jobs.
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
service dhcpd configtest
schedule one-time-only jobs
getfacl

7. What command can you use to view NFS statistics?
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.

8. What option needs to be used with the mount command to mount an NFS resource?
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.

9. Where are Yum repository config files located?
kickstart installations to work
getfacl
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
Yum repository config files (.repo files) are located in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can also make direct entries into the main /etc/yum.conf file.

10. What command is used to change the mail server from Sendmail to Postfix (useful only if you have both installed)?
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
alternatives --config mta
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.

11. What does the following firewall rule accomplish: iptables -I INPUT 5 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT?
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.

12. What command can you use to get information about logical volumes?
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
lvdisplay

13. Which file shows you all the client IP addresses?
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.

14. What is the /etc/vsftpd/user_list file used for?
Enforcing during installation
halts the system
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.

15. What does it mean if you ping a host and you receive the response Destination Unreachable?
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.

16. GRUB has three stages. Can you name them?
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
via the command line
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).

17. A PXE server eases the automation process but isn't required for...
kickstart installations to work
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
service dhcpd configtest

18. What command can you use to monitor and troubleshoot network connections?
export one or all resources
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.

19. What two commands are special for dealing with user login events?
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
load balancing and redundancy benefits
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.

20. What command can you use to view the current ACL on a file?
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
getfacl
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.

21. What is the difference between the update (-U) and install (-i) options when using rpm to update the kernel?
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
alternatives --config mta
halts the system

22. There are four types of DNS servers. Name them.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
Sendmail
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.

23. What are the two types of back-end authentication mechanisms discussed in this chapter?
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
LUKS encryption
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.

24. The INPUT chain being used is the default under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5. This rule...
halts the system
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.

25. What is VNC?
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
browseable option
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.

26. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
mkfs.ext4
getsebool -a | grep http
ifconfig

27. What command and options can you use to update the time?
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
load balancing and redundancy benefits

28. What command displays your current interfaces and IP address?
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
ifconfig

29. What port on the firewall needs to be open for the TFTP server to work?
mkfs.ext4
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.

30. If you want a specific action to take place when user01 logs in to the system - which file would you edit?
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.

31. Explain the difference between soft and hard limits in quotas.

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32. A slave DNS server provides...
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
The /etc/fstab file.
load balancing and redundancy benefits

33. What file is used to maintain custom parameters for the kernel during system boot?
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.

34. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is the only version that officially supports _______
DNS uses port 53.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
LUKS encryption
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.

35. What is PAM used for?
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
support TCP Wrappers

36. Which version of SSH should you use?
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.

37. What command-line program can you use to check your mail?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.

38. What option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables?
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
via the command line
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.

39. What command can you use to create a new SSL certificate?
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
service httpd configtest

40. What option at the GRUB boot menu can you use to append something to a kernel?
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.
service dhcpd configtest

41. What is the rndc utility used for?
rpcbind service
rpmbuild
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.

42. What is the difference between an ext2 and ext3 file system?

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43. What is the xinetd service used for?
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
serve both files and printers to users

44. What three components are needed to fully automate a kickstart installation?
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
used for kickstart and/or network installs

45. What command can you use to query Boolean values?
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
getsebool
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.

46. Which log file is used to keep track of policy violations?
atq
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.

47. How can you list all services on the system to tell whether they will boot during startup?
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
export one or all resources
chkconfig—list
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.

48. What command do you use to report information on quota usage?
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
repquota
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).

49. How can you display all virtual guests after they're connected to a hypervisor?
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
lvdisplay
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.

50. What protocols are used with Dovecot?
createrepo
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.
The /etc/fstab file.
mkfs.ext4

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