Test your basic knowledge |

RHCSA

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, rhcsa

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The ______________ for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 or 6 includes the use of LVM.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
Enforcing during installation
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.

2. What does the testparm command do?
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.

3. What are the three items that make up LVM?
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.

4. What is the last rule in the iptables file?

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5. How do you run a command with elevated privileges?
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.

6. The exportfs command is used to...
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
mkfs.ext4
export one or all resources
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.

7. Which file contains all messages generated during installation that can be used for troubleshooting if the need arises?
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.

8. What command can you use to view the current ACL on a file?
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
getfacl

9. What command-line program can you use to check your mail?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
service dhcpd configtest
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.

10. What port must be opened on the firewall for DNS?
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
service httpd configtest
DNS uses port 53.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.

11. What command can you use to change the context of files?
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
chkconfig xinetd --list
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
chcon

12. The INPUT chain being used is the default under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5. This rule...
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.

13. Is it possible to share files among groups - What permissions would you set on the directory to accomplish file sharing if possible?
halts the system
export one or all resources
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in

14. What is the xinetd service used for?
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
ifconfig
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.

15. What port does the SMTP service run on?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.

16. What command can you use to create a file system?
mkfs.ext4
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
service dhcpd configtest

17. A service needs to have _______________ to be able to use it.
lvdisplay
support for TCP Wrappers
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
chkconfig sshd off

18. What benefit does a web proxy provide to your network?
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.

19. GRUB has three stages. Can you name them?
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.

20. What are the two types of back-end authentication mechanisms discussed in this chapter?
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in

21. What command can you use to monitor and troubleshoot network connections?
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.

22. What three commands can you use to help verify that the DNS server is functioning properly?
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
Enforcing during installation
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.

23. What command can you use to query Boolean values?
getsebool
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
Sendmail

24. What port does the DHCP server listen on by default?
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
serve both files and printers to users
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.

25. If you want a specific action to take place when user01 logs in to the system - which file would you edit?
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l
via the command line

26. What is the rndc utility used for?
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
service dhcpd configtest
LUKS encryption
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.

27. What directory is used to represent the virtual file system created by the kernel?
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.

28. It is possible to run scripts before a kickstart installation. This is done by...
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used

29. Can you name three utilities that can be used for network or DNS client troubleshooting?
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
amount of RAM
repquota

30. What is the benefit of using public/private key authentication?

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31. What port does the Apache web server run on - What about HTTPS?
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.

32. What two ports should be opened on the firewall for the FTP server to function properly?
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.

33. What command and options can you use to update the time?
service httpd configtest
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.

34. What command can be used to view the queue for at service jobs?
atq
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.

35. What command can you use to manage system services?
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.

36. The old SysInit scripts have been replaced in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 for what new boot utility?
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.

37. SSH does...
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
support TCP Wrappers
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used

38. To create a RAID or LVM partition using kickstart
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.

39. What is the point of using SELinux?
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.

40. Which log file is used to keep track of policy violations?
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.

41. How can you change the security context of a directory to work with Apache?
lvdisplay
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.

42. What is the name of the section used to run scripts after a kickstart installation?
rpcbind service
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.

43. What option needs to be used with the mount command to mount an NFS resource?
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.

44. If a package is built on an RHEL6 system and deployed to a custom RHEL5 repository - are RHEL5 systems able to use it?
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
via the command line
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.

45. What does ifconfig 172.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth1 do?
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
LUKS encryption

46. What is a swap? Is it created as a partition or device file?
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
support TCP Wrappers
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.

47. The at command is used to ____________. The cron service handles reoccurring system jobs.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
schedule one-time-only jobs
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.

48. What is VNC?
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.

49. What are the two config files for Postfix called?
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
chkconfig—list

50. There are four types of DNS servers. Name them.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.

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