Test your basic knowledge |

RHCSA

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, rhcsa

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Before you work with ACLs - what do you need to do to the file system?
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.

2. What command can you use to create a password-protected page?
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.

3. What port does NFS use by default?
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.

4. What option can you change in the rsyslog config file to accept remote logs (acting as a centralized logging server)?
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).

5. How can you display all virtual guests after they're connected to a hypervisor?
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.

6. Which file shows you all the client IP addresses?
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
Yum repository config files (.repo files) are located in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can also make direct entries into the main /etc/yum.conf file.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.

7. What does it mean if you ping a host and you receive the response Destination Unreachable?
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.

8. What are SELinux Booleans?
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.

9. What is NAT - How is it used?
mkfs.ext4
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
atq
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.

10. What is the top command used for?
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
Enforcing during installation

11. What is the /etc/vsftpd/user_list file used for?
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.

12. What command can you use to check the config file of the DHCP server?
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
service dhcpd configtest
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.

13. There are four types of DNS servers. Name them.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.

14. What are the three items that make up LVM?
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1

15. What is the /var/lib/nfs/etab file used for?
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
chcon
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.

16. What command can you use to validate the syntax of the Apache config file?
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
service httpd configtest

17. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - the default for SELinux is _______________ (which can be changed after the installation completes). For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you were able to choose what mode you wanted SELinux to start in.
Enforcing during installation
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo

18. What port does the SMTP service run on?
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.

19. What is the difference between an A record and a PTR record?
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
repquota

20. To grow a file system
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.

21. What command can you use to view system processes and their CPU usage?
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.

22. What three components are needed to fully automate a kickstart installation?
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.

23. How can you verify the status of the SSH service after the system has booted?
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
service sshd statuts

24. What option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables?
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.

25. What is the difference between an ext2 and ext3 file system?

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26. The exportfs command is used to...
lvdisplay
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.
export one or all resources

27. GRUB has three stages. Can you name them?
enabled by default
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.

28. What command do you use to report information on quota usage?
repquota
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.

29. Are additional packages besides httpd required for a secure website - If so - what are they?
Enforcing during installation
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.

30. The ____________ is available for each share.
browseable option
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.

31. What is a swap? Is it created as a partition or device file?
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
Sendmail
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.

32. Which remote management service is installed by default?Can you name the port that it uses?
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
service named configtest
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.

33. Which file contains all messages generated during installation that can be used for troubleshooting if the need arises?
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
chcon
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.

34. If you want a specific action to take place when user01 logs in to the system - which file would you edit?
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
service named configtest
rpcbind service
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?

35. What is the benefit of using public/private key authentication?

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36. What command can you use to view mounted Samba shares?
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.
getsebool
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.

37. If a package is built on an RHEL6 system and deployed to a custom RHEL5 repository - are RHEL5 systems able to use it?
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
browseable option
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.

38. What command displays your current interfaces and IP address?
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
rpcbind service
ifconfig
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.

39. What three protocols can you use to perform network installations?
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
DNS uses port 53.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.

40. The virt-install package allows you to manage virtual machines _____________. The virt-manager package allows you to manage virtual machines via a GUI interface.
via the command line
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
chkconfig—list

41. How can you check the currently mounted file systems?
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1

42. What two ports should be opened on the firewall for the FTP server to function properly?
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
browseable option

43. What port on the firewall needs to be open for the TFTP server to work?
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
Enforcing during installation
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.

44. What port does the DHCP server listen on by default?
kickstart installations to work
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.

45. What command disables the SSH service from running when the system boots?
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
createrepo
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
chkconfig sshd off

46. What command can be used to easily list all the options in the FTP main config file?
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
export one or all resources
amount of RAM
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.

47. What option at the GRUB boot menu can you use to append something to a kernel?
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
service dhcpd configtest
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.

48. To export directories as resources - what file needs to be edited?

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49. What is the main config file for the DHCP service?
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.

50. Explain the difference between soft and hard limits in quotas.

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