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RHCSA

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, rhcsa

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What command do you use to report information on quota usage?
repquota
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.

2. What port does the DHCP server listen on by default?
enabled by default
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.

3. Does a DHCP server allow reserved IP addresses - If so - how?
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
Enforcing during installation

4. What is the benefit to using centralized authentication?

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5. The package selection screen allows you to install any software you want during the installation process as long as...
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
export one or all resources
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.

6. What is a virtual host?
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.

7. What is the format of the /etc/shadow file?
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
service dhcpd configtest

8. How can you change the security context of a directory to work with Apache?
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.

9. What is the superblock used for?
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
browseable option
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.

10. What option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
support TCP Wrappers
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.

11. What three components are needed to fully automate a kickstart installation?
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
lvdisplay
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.

12. Can you name three utilities that can be used for network or DNS client troubleshooting?
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
via the command line
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.

13. Which version of SSH should you use?
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.

14. SSH does...
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
support TCP Wrappers

15. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is the only version that officially supports _______
LUKS encryption
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.

16. What happens to jobs that are scheduled to run while the system is off?
browseable option
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
chcon

17. What does it mean if you ping a host and you receive the response Destination Unreachable?
browseable option
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.

18. What are the three different types of RAID described in this chapter?
DNS uses port 53.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.

19. What command and options can you use to update the time?
used for kickstart and/or network installs
export one or all resources
amount of RAM
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.

20. What are the three modes in which the rpm command can operate?
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.

21. What command and option can you use to enable a service to start on boot?
via the command line
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.

22. What port does the Apache web server run on - What about HTTPS?
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
serve both files and printers to users
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.

23. What is PAM used for?
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.

24. What three commands can you use to help verify that the DNS server is functioning properly?
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.

25. What is the difference between an ext2 and ext3 file system?

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26. What is the name of the section used to run scripts after a kickstart installation?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.

27. Is it possible to share files among groups - What permissions would you set on the directory to accomplish file sharing if possible?
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.

28. What option would you use to query an installed package using the rpm command?
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
used for kickstart and/or network installs
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.

29. What critical step must you take after updating the kernel to a newer version?
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
getsebool -a | grep http
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.

30. What is the /etc/vsftpd/user_list file used for?
enabled by default
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.

31. For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - SELinux comes set up in enforcing mode. When installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you have the option to...

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32. What is the top command used for?
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
Enforcing during installation

33. What command can you use to view mounted Samba shares?
mkfs.ext4
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.

34. A service needs to have _______________ to be able to use it.
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
support for TCP Wrappers
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.

35. Samba servers can...
serve both files and printers to users
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.

36. To create a RAID or LVM partition using kickstart
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.

37. What command can you use to query Boolean values?
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
getsebool
SSH is used for secure remote management of Linux systems.

38. Before you work with ACLs - what do you need to do to the file system?
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.

39. What two commands are special for dealing with user login events?
Enforcing during installation
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.

40. How can you check the currently mounted file systems?
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
service httpd configtest

41. What command would you use to create a group - to add the user George to the group?
The /etc/fstab file.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
service sshd statuts
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George

42. What option is used to allow anonymous uploads to the FTP server?
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
ifconfig
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.

43. What file needs to be edited so that the system will mount a file system at boot time?
The /etc/fstab file.
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.

44. What option needs to be used with the mount command to mount an NFS resource?
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.

45. A slave DNS server provides...
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
load balancing and redundancy benefits

46. What command can you use to view NFS statistics?
serve both files and printers to users
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.

47. How would you go about creating a static route?
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.

48. What is the difference between an A record and a PTR record?
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514

49. What command can be used to easily list all the options in the FTP main config file?
service httpd configtest
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.
enabled by default

50. What command can you use to test the config files before starting the DNS service?
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
service named configtest
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
ifconfig

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