Test your basic knowledge |

RHCSA

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, rhcsa

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What does ifconfig 172.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth1 do?
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
DNS uses port 53.
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.

2. What are the five required directories when building RPMS?
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
atq
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
kickstart installations to work

3. What command can be used to easily list all the options in the FTP main config file?
schedule one-time-only jobs
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).

4. What is the biggest benefit to using LVM over basic partitions?
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
browseable option

5. What command can you use to check the config file of the DHCP server?
service dhcpd configtest
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
Yum repository config files (.repo files) are located in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can also make direct entries into the main /etc/yum.conf file.

6. Where are Yum repository config files located?
enabled by default
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
Yum repository config files (.repo files) are located in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can also make direct entries into the main /etc/yum.conf file.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.

7. What is the point of using SELinux?
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
enabled by default
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.

8. What is NAT - How is it used?
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.

9. What critical step must you take after updating the kernel to a newer version?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
chkconfig—list
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.

10. What are SELinux Booleans?
alternatives --config mta
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.

11. What command can you use to monitor and troubleshoot network connections?
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.

12. What file is used to maintain custom parameters for the kernel during system boot?
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
DNS uses port 53.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.

13. How can virtual hosts be used?
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
SSH is used for secure remote management of Linux systems.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.

14. The exportfs command is used to...
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
schedule one-time-only jobs
export one or all resources
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.

15. What option at the GRUB boot menu can you use to append something to a kernel?
service sshd statuts
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.

16. Can you name three utilities that can be used for network or DNS client troubleshooting?
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
semanage boolean -l
getsebool
enabled by default

17. The virt-install package allows you to manage virtual machines _____________. The virt-manager package allows you to manage virtual machines via a GUI interface.
support for TCP Wrappers
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
via the command line

18. Can you name the two commands that can be used to view the free space on the system?
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.

19. The default SMTP service has been changed from _________ to Postfix in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
Sendmail
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.

20. What is the name of the package used to install an FTP?
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.

21. If a package is built on an RHEL6 system and deployed to a custom RHEL5 repository - are RHEL5 systems able to use it?
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
cat /proc/mdstat
atq
service named configtest

22. What command can you use to change the context of files?
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
chcon
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.

23. What is the rndc utility used for?
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.

24. What is the top command used for?
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.

25. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - the default for SELinux is _______________ (which can be changed after the installation completes). For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you were able to choose what mode you wanted SELinux to start in.
Enforcing during installation
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
chkconfig—list

26. What does it mean if you ping a host and you receive the response Destination Unreachable?
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
chcon

27. Which file shows you all the client IP addresses?
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.

28. What three protocols can you use to perform network installations?
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.

29. What three components are needed to fully automate a kickstart installation?
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).

30. What command can you use to create a new SSL certificate?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).

31. Samba servers can...
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.
serve both files and printers to users

32. What are the side effects of shrinking a volume group or logical volume?
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.

33. Before you work with ACLs - what do you need to do to the file system?
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.

34. The at command is used to ____________. The cron service handles reoccurring system jobs.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
cat /proc/mdstat
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
schedule one-time-only jobs

35. What is the xinetd service used for?
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.

36. Editing the /etc/xinetd.d/tftp file and enabling the service are the same as running the chkconfig tftp on command. Both of these actions...
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
have the same effect
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.

37. The portmap service was replaced by the ______________ in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
rpcbind service
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.

38. Through its main config file - SSH can be configured to...

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39. What does the rdnc-confgen command do?
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.

40. What is the difference between the update (-U) and install (-i) options when using rpm to update the kernel?
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
DNS uses port 53.

41. What command can you use to view NFS statistics?
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.

42. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.

43. What commands can you use to add a client machine to an LDAP server?
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.

44. What is the format of the /etc/shadow file?
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.

45. What command is used to create a user for Samba?
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
chkconfig—list

46. What option would you use to query an installed package using the rpm command?
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.

47. What command do you use to change the permissions on a file or directory - To change ownership?
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
schedule one-time-only jobs

48. What client-side command can you use to test your FTP server connection?
chkconfig xinetd --list
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
getfacl
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.

49. What is the /etc/vsftpd/user_list file used for?
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
rpmbuild

50. To export directories as resources - what file needs to be edited?

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