Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the /etc/hosts file used for?

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2. What commands can you use to add a client machine to an LDAP server?
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.


3. Explain the difference between soft and hard limits in quotas.

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4. What file is used to maintain custom parameters for the kernel during system boot?
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
amount of RAM


5. What file needs to be edited so that the system will mount a file system at boot time?
The /etc/fstab file.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.


6. The virt-install package allows you to manage virtual machines _____________. The virt-manager package allows you to manage virtual machines via a GUI interface.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
via the command line
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.


7. What does the rdnc-confgen command do?
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.


8. What does the partprobe command do?
getsebool
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.


9. To export directories as resources - what file needs to be edited?

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10. The package selection screen allows you to install any software you want during the installation process as long as...
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.


11. What is the benefit of using public/private key authentication?

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12. What is SSH used for?
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.
SSH is used for secure remote management of Linux systems.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George


13. What command is used to change the mail server from Sendmail to Postfix (useful only if you have both installed)?
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
amount of RAM
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.
alternatives --config mta


14. A PXE server eases the automation process but isn't required for...
kickstart installations to work
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.


15. What command can you use to query information from the kernel about RAID arrays?
cat /proc/mdstat
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514


16. What is the top command used for?
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
service dhcpd configtest
support TCP Wrappers


17. What command and option can you use to enable a service to start on boot?
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
used for kickstart and/or network installs
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.


18. What does it mean if you ping a host and you receive the response Destination Unreachable?
getfacl
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
LUKS encryption


19. How can you change the security context of a directory to work with Apache?
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
Sendmail
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.


20. The ____________ is available for each share.
browseable option
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
cat /proc/mdstat


21. What command can you use to test the config files before starting the DNS service?
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
service named configtest
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.


22. What command can you use to create your own repositories?
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
chkconfig xinetd --list
createrepo


23. How would you go about creating a static route?
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
Enforcing during installation


24. What command can you use to query Boolean values?
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
getsebool


25. What command can be used to view the queue for at service jobs?
atq
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.


26. What is the last rule in the iptables file?

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27. What command can you use to check the config file of the DHCP server?
service dhcpd configtest
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
amount of RAM
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in


28. What option can you change in the rsyslog config file to accept remote logs (acting as a centralized logging server)?
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.


29. What are the five required directories when building RPMS?
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
The /etc/fstab file.
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.
cat /proc/mdstat


30. GRUB has three stages. Can you name them?
DNS uses port 53.
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
service sshd statuts


31. What is the rndc utility used for?
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
service named configtest
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.


32. How do you run a command with elevated privileges?
repquota
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
getfacl


33. What command can you use to monitor and troubleshoot network connections?
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.


34. If a package is built on an RHEL6 system and deployed to a custom RHEL5 repository - are RHEL5 systems able to use it?
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.


35. What is the name of the package that allows you to install VNC?
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.


36. What port on the firewall needs to be open for the TFTP server to work?
cat /proc/mdstat
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.


37. What three components are needed to fully automate a kickstart installation?
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).


38. What command displays your current interfaces and IP address?
LUKS encryption
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
ifconfig
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.


39. What happens if a host changes its IP address and the keys don't match?

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40. Before you work with ACLs - what do you need to do to the file system?
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
support for TCP Wrappers


41. A slave DNS server provides...
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
load balancing and redundancy benefits


42. The INPUT chain being used is the default under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5. This rule...
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
service sshd statuts
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.


43. FTP is one of three protocols ______________. The other two protocols are NFS and HTTP.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
used for kickstart and/or network installs


44. What option would you use to query an installed package using the rpm command?
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
atq
service httpd configtest


45. What command would you use to create a group - to add the user George to the group?
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
support TCP Wrappers
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George


46. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
getsebool -a | grep http
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.


47. What command-line program can you use to check your mail?
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
chcon


48. What command can you use to manage system services?
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.


49. What command is used to show all services being controlled by the xinetd daemon?
chkconfig xinetd --list
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
LUKS encryption


50. To grow a file system
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
export one or all resources