RHCSA

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the xinetd service used for?
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.


2. The old SysInit scripts have been replaced in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 for what new boot utility?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
export one or all resources
schedule one-time-only jobs


3. How would you install a group of packages all at a single time?
getsebool -a | grep http
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.


4. What two commands are used for package management?
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.


5. What command do you use to report information on quota usage?
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1
repquota


6. What benefit does a web proxy provide to your network?
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.


7. What command can you use to change the context of files?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
chcon
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.


8. For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - SELinux comes set up in enforcing mode. When installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you have the option to...

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9. What does ifconfig 172.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth1 do?
createrepo
Enforcing during installation
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.


10. What happens if you call the command from question 3 with the -c option after it has already been run?
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.


11. What two ports should be opened on the firewall for the FTP server to function properly?
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.


12. What client-side command can you use to test your FTP server connection?
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.


13. What is the /etc/hosts file used for?

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14. What is the rndc utility used for?
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
The /etc/fstab file.


15. What command can you use to create a new SSL certificate?
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
kickstart installations to work
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.


16. What command can you use to get information about logical volumes?
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
lvdisplay
load balancing and redundancy benefits
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514


17. Can you put your /boot partition on a RAID 5 array?
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.


18. What option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables?
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
service httpd configtest
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.


19. What command can you use to manage system services?
service dhcpd configtest
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.


20. What command (and options) can be used to create a user named George with the description "Jr Admin"?
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
getsebool


21. The portmap service was replaced by the ______________ in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
rpcbind service
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.


22. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is the only version that officially supports _______
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
chkconfig xinetd --list
LUKS encryption
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.


23. Before you work with ACLs - what do you need to do to the file system?
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
alternatives --config mta
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.


24. What is the last rule in the iptables file?

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25. The default SMTP service has been changed from _________ to Postfix in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
alternatives --config mta
service httpd configtest
Sendmail
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.


26. A PXE server eases the automation process but isn't required for...
used for kickstart and/or network installs
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
kickstart installations to work
service dhcpd configtest


27. What command can you use to query information from the kernel about RAID arrays?
Sendmail
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
cat /proc/mdstat


28. What is PAM used for?
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
chcon
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.


29. What is the name of the package used to install an FTP?
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.


30. What does virsh reboot Client04 do?
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
service sshd statuts
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.


31. What are the side effects of shrinking a volume group or logical volume?
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.


32. How can you change the security context of a directory to work with Apache?
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
Sendmail
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.


33. By default - what is the path to a user's home directory?

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34. What command is used to create an RPM package?
rpmbuild
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
support for TCP Wrappers
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.


35. How would you disable SELinux protection for NFS - allowing shares to be read/write?
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
getsebool
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1


36. Before you work with quotas - what do you need to do to the file system?
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
createrepo
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.


37. What directory is used to represent the virtual file system created by the kernel?
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
rpcbind service


38. Which log file is used to keep track of policy violations?
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.


39. What command would you use to create a group - to add the user George to the group?
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
kickstart installations to work
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
enabled by default


40. What command is used to show all services being controlled by the xinetd daemon?
chkconfig xinetd --list
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
support TCP Wrappers
support for TCP Wrappers


41. What is VNC?
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.


42. Do you need to write changes to the disk when using the parted command? What about fdisk?
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
getfacl
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.


43. Place all files you want added to a _______________ during creation.

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44. To grow a file system
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.


45. What three commands can you use to help verify that the DNS server is functioning properly?
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.


46. Which remote management service is installed by default?Can you name the port that it uses?
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1


47. What is the benefit to using centralized authentication?

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48. What port must be opened on the firewall for DNS?
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
DNS uses port 53.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.


49. What is the superblock used for?
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
service dhcpd configtest


50. GRUB has three stages. Can you name them?
browseable option
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.