RHCSA

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What two commands are special for dealing with user login events?
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
enabled by default
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.


2. The portmap service was replaced by the ______________ in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
rpcbind service
schedule one-time-only jobs


3. What are the side effects of shrinking a volume group or logical volume?
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory


4. What is VNC?
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.


5. The old SysInit scripts have been replaced in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 for what new boot utility?
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
lvdisplay
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.


6. What is the point of using SELinux?
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.


7. By default - what is the path to a user's home directory?

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8. The ______________ for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 or 6 includes the use of LVM.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
Enforcing during installation
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.


9. It is possible to run scripts before a kickstart installation. This is done by...
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.
lvdisplay
LUKS encryption
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used


10. What option can you change in the rsyslog config file to accept remote logs (acting as a centralized logging server)?
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
schedule one-time-only jobs
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
atq


11. What does the rdnc-confgen command do?
service dhcpd configtest
serve both files and printers to users
Sendmail
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.


12. What is the benefit of using public/private key authentication?

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13. Before you work with quotas - what do you need to do to the file system?
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.


14. What is the xinetd service used for?
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l


15. For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - SELinux comes set up in enforcing mode. When installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you have the option to...

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16. To grow a file system
chkconfig—list
createrepo
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.


17. SSH does...
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.
support TCP Wrappers
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.


18. What happens to jobs that are scheduled to run while the system is off?
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.


19. What is SSH used for?
export one or all resources
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
SSH is used for secure remote management of Linux systems.


20. What command can you use to change the context of files?
schedule one-time-only jobs
chcon
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.


21. What command can you use to view mounted Samba shares?
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
chkconfig sshd off


22. What command can you use to create a file system?
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
mkfs.ext4


23. What are the three items that make up LVM?
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
halts the system
atq
getsebool


24. What are the two config files for Postfix called?
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
browseable option
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.


25. What command can you use to test the config files before starting the DNS service?
serve both files and printers to users
service named configtest
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
repquota


26. What port on the firewall needs to be open for the TFTP server to work?
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.


27. What three protocols can you use to perform network installations?
enabled by default
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
mkfs.ext4
Enforcing during installation


28. What command can be used to view the queue for at service jobs?
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
atq
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George


29. What file is used to maintain custom parameters for the kernel during system boot?
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.
support for TCP Wrappers
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.


30. What is the benefit to using centralized authentication?

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31. Can you put your /boot partition on a RAID 5 array?
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.


32. What option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables?
atq
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.


33. Explain the difference between soft and hard limits in quotas.

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34. You must dictate the ____________ you want allocated to your virtual machine when you create it.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
amount of RAM
SSH is used for secure remote management of Linux systems.


35. What command and options can you use to update the time?
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
rpcbind service
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.


36. FTP is one of three protocols ______________. The other two protocols are NFS and HTTP.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
used for kickstart and/or network installs
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
kickstart installations to work


37. What port does NFS use by default?
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
getsebool -a | grep http
Yum repository config files (.repo files) are located in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can also make direct entries into the main /etc/yum.conf file.
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.


38. What command do you use to report information on quota usage?
service httpd configtest
repquota
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.


39. What command can you use to create a password-protected page?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.


40. What command can you use to view NFS statistics?
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
DNS uses port 53.


41. What command and option do you use to view the description of Boolean values?
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
semanage boolean -l
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.


42. What command displays your current interfaces and IP address?
ifconfig
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.


43. To create a RAID or LVM partition using kickstart
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.


44. How would you install a group of packages all at a single time?
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
chkconfig sshd off
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.


45. What is the name of the section used to run scripts after a kickstart installation?
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George


46. What command is used to create a user for Samba?
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.


47. What does virsh reboot Client04 do?
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
createrepo
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.


48. What is the rndc utility used for?
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.


49. Which version of SSH should you use?
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).


50. What command can you use to create your own repositories?
createrepo
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).