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RHCSA

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, rhcsa

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the name of the package that allows you to install VNC?
amount of RAM
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
rpmbuild
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.

2. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.

3. For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - SELinux comes set up in enforcing mode. When installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you have the option to...

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4. What command displays your current interfaces and IP address?
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
ifconfig

5. What does virsh reboot Client04 do?
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.

6. What is the name of the package used to install an FTP?
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.

7. What port does the DHCP server listen on by default?
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
getsebool

8. A PXE server eases the automation process but isn't required for...
DNS uses port 53.
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.
kickstart installations to work
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.

9. Which version of SSH should you use?
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.

10. The firewall service is...
enabled by default
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.
service dhcpd configtest
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.

11. What is the format of the /etc/shadow file?
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
chkconfig xinetd --list

12. What command is used to create an RPM package?
rpmbuild
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.

13. What command can you use to create a new SSL certificate?
Enforcing during installation
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.

14. What are the five required directories when building RPMS?
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
getsebool

15. How can you display all virtual guests after they're connected to a hypervisor?
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
Yum repository config files (.repo files) are located in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can also make direct entries into the main /etc/yum.conf file.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.

16. What command and option can you use to enable a service to start on boot?
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.

17. What command can you use to view NFS statistics?
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
service dhcpd configtest

18. Can you name the two commands that can be used to view the free space on the system?
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.
serve both files and printers to users
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.

19. A service needs to have _______________ to be able to use it.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
support for TCP Wrappers
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.

20. What command can you use to query Boolean values?
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
Enforcing during installation
getsebool

21. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - the default for SELinux is _______________ (which can be changed after the installation completes). For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you were able to choose what mode you wanted SELinux to start in.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
Enforcing during installation
getfacl

22. The default SMTP service has been changed from _________ to Postfix in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
Sendmail

23. What is the last rule in the iptables file?

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24. Before you work with ACLs - what do you need to do to the file system?
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
service sshd statuts
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.

25. What is the xinetd service used for?
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
amount of RAM
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.

26. SSH does...
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
support TCP Wrappers

27. The portmap service was replaced by the ______________ in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
rpcbind service
service named configtest
lvdisplay
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George

28. What three commands can you use to help verify that the DNS server is functioning properly?
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
load balancing and redundancy benefits
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.

29. What port does the SMTP service run on?
chcon
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.

30. How would you disable SELinux protection for NFS - allowing shares to be read/write?
alternatives --config mta
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.

31. What does the testparm command do?
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
getsebool
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.

32. What benefit does a web proxy provide to your network?
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
chkconfig—list
service httpd configtest

33. If a package is built on an RHEL6 system and deployed to a custom RHEL5 repository - are RHEL5 systems able to use it?
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.
support TCP Wrappers

34. What command can you use to view system processes and their CPU usage?
getsebool
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.

35. What are the three modes in which the rpm command can operate?
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
chcon
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.

36. What command do you use to change the permissions on a file or directory - To change ownership?
serve both files and printers to users
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.

37. What command would you use to create a group - to add the user George to the group?
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George

38. What is PAM used for?
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.

39. Can you name three utilities that can be used for network or DNS client troubleshooting?
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
service dhcpd configtest
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.

40. What command is used to create a user for Samba?
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.

41. Which log file is used to keep track of policy violations?
service named configtest
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
amount of RAM

42. You must dictate the ____________ you want allocated to your virtual machine when you create it.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
amount of RAM
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.

43. What file needs to be edited so that the system will mount a file system at boot time?
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
The /etc/fstab file.
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.

44. Runlevel 0 ___________. Runlevel 6 reboots the system.
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
halts the system

45. Editing the /etc/xinetd.d/tftp file and enabling the service are the same as running the chkconfig tftp on command. Both of these actions...
schedule one-time-only jobs
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.
have the same effect
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.

46. What is the point of using SELinux?
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.

47. The ______________ for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 or 6 includes the use of LVM.
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
Enforcing during installation
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used

48. What is the benefit to using centralized authentication?

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49. Which file contains all messages generated during installation that can be used for troubleshooting if the need arises?
service named configtest
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.

50. The virt-install package allows you to manage virtual machines _____________. The virt-manager package allows you to manage virtual machines via a GUI interface.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
schedule one-time-only jobs
via the command line
lvdisplay

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