RHCSA

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the superblock used for?
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
getsebool -a | grep http
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
service sshd statuts


2. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is the only version that officially supports _______
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
LUKS encryption
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.


3. What command can be used to easily list all the options in the FTP main config file?
alternatives --config mta
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.
service sshd statuts


4. What port on the firewall needs to be open for the TFTP server to work?
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
amount of RAM
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.


5. What happens if a host changes its IP address and the keys don't match?

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6. Does a DHCP server allow reserved IP addresses - If so - how?
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
atq


7. Are additional packages besides httpd required for a secure website - If so - what are they?
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
schedule one-time-only jobs
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.


8. Editing the /etc/xinetd.d/tftp file and enabling the service are the same as running the chkconfig tftp on command. Both of these actions...
have the same effect
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.
support for TCP Wrappers


9. It is possible to run scripts before a kickstart installation. This is done by...
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
schedule one-time-only jobs
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.


10. What are the two types of back-end authentication mechanisms discussed in this chapter?
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
export one or all resources
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
have the same effect


11. What is the difference between an A record and a PTR record?
halts the system
browseable option
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.


12. How would you view all Boolean options for the HTTP service?
service named configtest
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
getsebool -a | grep http


13. What does the rdnc-confgen command do?
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
support TCP Wrappers
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.
rpcbind service


14. What command and options can you use to update the time?
chkconfig—list
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.


15. What command can you use to view system processes and their CPU usage?
The /etc/fstab file.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George


16. The ____________ is available for each share.
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
browseable option
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.


17. Which remote management service is installed by default?Can you name the port that it uses?
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.


18. What is the point of using SELinux?
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
The /etc/fstab file.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.


19. What two commands are special for dealing with user login events?
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
service named configtest
support for TCP Wrappers


20. What is the benefit to using centralized authentication?

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21. Most boot issues can be resolved by...
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
LUKS encryption
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.


22. What command is used to create a user for Samba?
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
chkconfig xinetd --list
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).


23. What are the five required directories when building RPMS?
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.


24. What is NAT - How is it used?
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.


25. What is a swap? Is it created as a partition or device file?
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.


26. You must dictate the ____________ you want allocated to your virtual machine when you create it.
amount of RAM
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?


27. Do you need to write changes to the disk when using the parted command? What about fdisk?
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
DNS uses port 53.
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.


28. What does ifconfig 172.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth1 do?
have the same effect
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.


29. The INPUT chain being used is the default under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5. This rule...
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
alternatives --config mta
via the command line
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.


30. What command can you use to test the config files before starting the DNS service?
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
support TCP Wrappers
service named configtest


31. The old SysInit scripts have been replaced in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 for what new boot utility?
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.


32. What command can you use to view the current ACL on a file?
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
getfacl
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.


33. What option at the GRUB boot menu can you use to append something to a kernel?
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.


34. Through its main config file - SSH can be configured to...

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35. How can you list all services on the system to tell whether they will boot during startup?
chkconfig—list
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.


36. Where are Yum repository config files located?
enabled by default
Yum repository config files (.repo files) are located in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can also make direct entries into the main /etc/yum.conf file.
Sendmail
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.


37. What command would you use to create a group - to add the user George to the group?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
load balancing and redundancy benefits


38. Which file shows you all the client IP addresses?
amount of RAM
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
enabled by default


39. Samba servers can...
Enforcing during installation
serve both files and printers to users
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.


40. What command is used to show all services being controlled by the xinetd daemon?
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
chkconfig sshd off
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
chkconfig xinetd --list


41. What command do you use to report information on quota usage?
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
schedule one-time-only jobs
repquota
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo


42. What is the benefit of using public/private key authentication?

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43. What does the testparm command do?
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.


44. What command can you use to monitor and troubleshoot network connections?
LUKS encryption
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.


45. To export directories as resources - what file needs to be edited?

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46. What command can you use to view NFS statistics?
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used


47. What command can you use to change the context of files?
chkconfig xinetd --list
chcon
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.


48. To grow a file system
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.


49. What option is used to allow anonymous uploads to the FTP server?
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.


50. Runlevel 0 ___________. Runlevel 6 reboots the system.
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
halts the system
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.