Test your basic knowledge |

RHCSA

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, rhcsa

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the difference between the update (-U) and install (-i) options when using rpm to update the kernel?
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
service dhcpd configtest
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.

2. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - the default for SELinux is _______________ (which can be changed after the installation completes). For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you were able to choose what mode you wanted SELinux to start in.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
Enforcing during installation

3. What option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables?
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.

4. The at command is used to ____________. The cron service handles reoccurring system jobs.
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1
export one or all resources
chkconfig sshd off
schedule one-time-only jobs

5. What does the rdnc-confgen command do?
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
chkconfig xinetd --list

6. What command can be used to easily list all the options in the FTP main config file?
getsebool -a | grep http
lvdisplay
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.

7. What is PAM used for?
LUKS encryption
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.

8. What does the testparm command do?
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
chkconfig—list

9. What is the biggest benefit to using LVM over basic partitions?
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.

10. What command displays your current interfaces and IP address?
service named configtest
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
ifconfig
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.

11. What command can you use to create a new SSL certificate?
atq
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.

12. What command (and options) can be used to create a user named George with the description "Jr Admin"?
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.

13. What port on the firewall needs to be open for the TFTP server to work?
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.

14. What directory is used to represent the virtual file system created by the kernel?
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
load balancing and redundancy benefits
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.

15. The ______________ for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 or 6 includes the use of LVM.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
load balancing and redundancy benefits
Enforcing during installation
getsebool

16. The exportfs command is used to...
export one or all resources
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.

17. What command is used to show all services being controlled by the xinetd daemon?
chkconfig xinetd --list
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.

18. It is possible to run scripts before a kickstart installation. This is done by...
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
service httpd configtest
export one or all resources

19. What does S12rsyslog in the /etc/rc.d/rc2.d directory mean?
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory

20. What does the partprobe command do?
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
halts the system
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.

21. What command is used to create an RPM package?
amount of RAM
repquota
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
rpmbuild

22. Before you work with ACLs - what do you need to do to the file system?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
getsebool -a | grep http
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.

23. There are four types of DNS servers. Name them.
via the command line
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.

24. What is the benefit to using centralized authentication?

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25. What command can you use to create a file system?
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
mkfs.ext4
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514

26. What command do you use to change the permissions on a file or directory - To change ownership?
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
via the command line

27. What command can you use to get information about logical volumes?
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.
lvdisplay

28. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.

29. What command and option do you use to view the description of Boolean values?
semanage boolean -l
DNS uses port 53.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.

30. The old SysInit scripts have been replaced in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 for what new boot utility?
via the command line
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.

31. What is a gateway used for on a network?
halts the system
service dhcpd configtest
load balancing and redundancy benefits
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.

32. What command-line program can you use to check your mail?
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
repquota

33. What command is used to change the mail server from Sendmail to Postfix (useful only if you have both installed)?
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
atq
alternatives --config mta

34. What command can be used to view the queue for at service jobs?
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
atq
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.

35. Should you allow remote root access - Why or why not?

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36. What command can you use to validate the syntax of the Apache config file?
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
service httpd configtest
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.

37. How can you verify the status of the SSH service after the system has booted?
service sshd statuts
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l

38. You must dictate the ____________ you want allocated to your virtual machine when you create it.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
amount of RAM
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.

39. What is the difference between an A record and a PTR record?
alternatives --config mta
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.

40. What command can you use to query information from the kernel about RAID arrays?
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
cat /proc/mdstat
load balancing and redundancy benefits
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used

41. Can you name three utilities that can be used for network or DNS client troubleshooting?
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.

42. What is the name of the package used to install an FTP?
kickstart installations to work
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.

43. The package selection screen allows you to install any software you want during the installation process as long as...
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
Enforcing during installation
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.

44. What are the three different types of RAID described in this chapter?
support for TCP Wrappers
DNS uses port 53.
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).

45. How would you go about creating a static route?
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.

46. What option is used to allow anonymous uploads to the FTP server?
alternatives --config mta
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
A large warning message appears indicating that the key doesn't match the host you are connecting to. You have to remove the key/host pair from the known_hosts file to proceed.
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.

47. What happens if a host changes its IP address and the keys don't match?

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48. What is the virsh command used for?
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
service dhcpd configtest
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.
createrepo

49. Editing the /etc/xinetd.d/tftp file and enabling the service are the same as running the chkconfig tftp on command. Both of these actions...
semanage boolean -l
have the same effect
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.

50. What happens if you call the command from question 3 with the -c option after it has already been run?
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
ifconfig
chkconfig—list
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.