Test your basic knowledge |

RHCSA

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, rhcsa

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. How can you verify the status of the SSH service after the system has booted?
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
service sshd statuts

2. What benefit does a web proxy provide to your network?
lvdisplay
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
getsebool -a | grep http

3. What does the following firewall rule accomplish: iptables -I INPUT 5 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT?
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.

4. You must dictate the ____________ you want allocated to your virtual machine when you create it.
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
amount of RAM

5. Can you put your /boot partition on a RAID 5 array?
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.

6. What are SELinux Booleans?
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?
rpcbind service
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.

7. What command (and options) can be used to create a user named George with the description "Jr Admin"?
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George

8. What happens if you call the command from question 3 with the -c option after it has already been run?
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.

9. A slave DNS server provides...
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
load balancing and redundancy benefits
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
getfacl

10. A PXE server eases the automation process but isn't required for...
getfacl
service sshd statuts
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
kickstart installations to work

11. Before you work with quotas - what do you need to do to the file system?
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.
have the same effect

12. What options with the yum command would you use to remove a package?
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.

13. What are the side effects of shrinking a volume group or logical volume?
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
mkfs.ext4
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.

14. What is a swap? Is it created as a partition or device file?
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
mkfs.ext4
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.

15. What port does the DHCP server listen on by default?
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
service sshd statuts
support for TCP Wrappers

16. What command is used to create a user for Samba?
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
By combining a TFTP server - PXE boot - and DHCP server - you can fully automate the kickstart installation process.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).

17. FTP is one of three protocols ______________. The other two protocols are NFS and HTTP.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
used for kickstart and/or network installs
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.

18. Editing the /etc/xinetd.d/tftp file and enabling the service are the same as running the chkconfig tftp on command. Both of these actions...
have the same effect
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
ifconfig

19. How can virtual hosts be used?
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
chcon
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.

20. It is possible to run scripts before a kickstart installation. This is done by...
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
The VNC package for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is tiger-vnc.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used

21. Before you work with ACLs - what do you need to do to the file system?
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
service sshd statuts

22. If you want a specific action to take place when user01 logs in to the system - which file would you edit?
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
You add your action to the end of the /home/user01/.bashrc file.
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)

23. What is the difference between the update (-U) and install (-i) options when using rpm to update the kernel?
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
service sshd statuts
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.

24. What does the testparm command do?
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.

25. What is the format of the /etc/shadow file?
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.

26. Explain the difference between soft and hard limits in quotas.

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27. What is the last rule in the iptables file?

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28. What command is used to change the mail server from Sendmail to Postfix (useful only if you have both installed)?
alternatives --config mta
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
getfacl

29. What is VNC?
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
The lastlog and faillog commands are used to view user login-related events?

30. What command and option can you use to enable a service to start on boot?
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
chkconfig—list
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
VNC is used to control a remote desktop session.

31. How would you go about creating a static route?
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.

32. Which log file is used to keep track of policy violations?
If you shrink a volume group or logical volume - there is a chance you could lose data depending on how much you shrink the volume.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
support for TCP Wrappers
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.

33. What is the superblock used for?
SSH is used for secure remote management of Linux systems.
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.

34. The ____________ is available for each share.
Enforcing during installation
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
browseable option
getfacl

35. What option is used to allow anonymous uploads to the FTP server?
support for TCP Wrappers
The service command is used to start - stop - and manage system services.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.

36. What are the three modes in which the rpm command can operate?
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
Network installations can be performed using the HTTP - FTP - and NFS protocols.
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.

37. Runlevel 0 ___________. Runlevel 6 reboots the system.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
halts the system
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo

38. What command and option do you use to view the description of Boolean values?
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.
semanage boolean -l

39. What is the xinetd service used for?
The grep -v ^# /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf command shows you all the options currently being used with the FTP server.
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514

40. The portmap service was replaced by the ______________ in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
rpcbind service
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.

41. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
amount of RAM

42. What is NAT - How is it used?
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
The /etc/fstab file.

43. What option can you change in the rsyslog config file to accept remote logs (acting as a centralized logging server)?
Uncomment the following line in the /etc/rsyslog.conf file: #$ModLoad imudp.so #$UDPServerRun 514
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
load balancing and redundancy benefits
chkconfig sshd off

44. What is the default port that Squid runs on?
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
LUKS encryption

45. What is the difference between an ext2 and ext3 file system?

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46. What commands can you use to add a client machine to an LDAP server?
The print option is used with both the fdisk and parted commands to display the current partition tables.
kickstart installations to work
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.
mkfs.ext4

47. What command can you use to monitor and troubleshoot network connections?
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.

48. How can you change the security context of a directory to work with Apache?
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
service named configtest
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.
rpcbind service

49. What command do you use to change the permissions on a file or directory - To change ownership?
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo

50. What are the three different types of RAID described in this chapter?
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.

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