RHCSA

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What command can you use to get information about logical volumes?
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.
lvdisplay
The file system where quotas will be implemented must be mounted with the usrquota and grpquota options before quotas will work properly.


2. What file needs to be edited so that the system will mount a file system at boot time?
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
getfacl
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
The /etc/fstab file.


3. What command can you use to view NFS statistics?
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
The /etc/fstab file.


4. There are four types of DNS servers. Name them.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.
enabled by default
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.


5. What command can you use to view mounted Samba shares?
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.
By using centralized authentication - you don't need to re-create or maintain multiple accounts across every system in your organization.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.


6. Through its main config file - SSH can be configured to...

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7. A slave DNS server provides...
load balancing and redundancy benefits
The firewall rule is inserted into the fifth line of the iptables rules and opens up TCP port 80 (for the HTTP service) on the firewall to allow incoming connections.
chcon
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.


8. What is a gateway used for on a network?
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.


9. What does the rdnc-confgen command do?
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.


10. The old SysInit scripts have been replaced in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 for what new boot utility?
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
chcon
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.


11. What option at the GRUB boot menu can you use to append something to a kernel?
By entering the GRUB boot menu - you can choose the a option to append something to the kernel command-line options.
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.


12. To grow a file system
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
ifconfig


13. Runlevel 0 ___________. Runlevel 6 reboots the system.
halts the system
getsebool -a | grep http
service named configtest
alternatives --config mta


14. The ____________ is available for each share.
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
browseable option
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.


15. The INPUT chain being used is the default under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5. This rule...
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
chcon
used for kickstart and/or network installs


16. The portmap service was replaced by the ______________ in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
rpcbind service
service named configtest
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).


17. What file is used to maintain custom parameters for the kernel during system boot?
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
Enforcing during installation
support TCP Wrappers
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.


18. What commands can you use to add a client machine to an LDAP server?
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
You can use the authconfig-tui command or the authconfig command.


19. Before you work with ACLs - what do you need to do to the file system?
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
lvdisplay
Physical volumes - volume groups - and logical volumes.
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.


20. What is a swap? Is it created as a partition or device file?
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
cat /proc/mdstat
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.


21. What is the difference between an ext2 and ext3 file system?

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22. The default SMTP service has been changed from _________ to Postfix in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The xinetd daemon is used to control and/or run multiple system services. One example is a TFTP server.
cat /proc/mdstat
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
Sendmail


23. What does the testparm command do?
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g


24. Place all files you want added to a _______________ during creation.

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25. What port does the rndc utility listen on by default?
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.


26. What does virsh reboot Client04 do?
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
serve both files and printers to users
LUKS encryption
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George


27. What does ifconfig 172.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth1 do?
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
The user_list file can be used to limit which users have access to the FTP server.
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.


28. FTP is one of three protocols ______________. The other two protocols are NFS and HTTP.
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
PAM is used as a modular way to leverage security. In this chapter - the main function we discussed was for managing password policies and complexity.
used for kickstart and/or network installs
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used


29. What command and option can you use to enable a service to start on boot?
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
SSH is used for secure remote management of Linux systems.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.


30. What command can you use to create a new SSL certificate?
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.


31. How can you list all services on the system to tell whether they will boot during startup?
getsebool
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used
chkconfig—list


32. What is the top command used for?
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.


33. What command would you use to create a group - to add the user George to the group?
Use the groupadd command to create a group. You can then add user George with the following: usermod -G <group name> George
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.


34. Can you name the two commands that can be used to view the free space on the system?
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
ifconfig
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.


35. What command-line program can you use to check your mail?
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
An ext3 file system has journaling built in to it - whereas the ext2 file system doesn't.
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.


36. What command can you use to query information from the kernel about RAID arrays?
mkfs.ext4
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
cat /proc/mdstat


37. What command can be used to view the queue for at service jobs?
Typing the mail or mutt command allows you to read mail from the command line.
run on any port you'd like (provided that port is available)
semanage boolean -l
atq


38. What critical step must you take after updating the kernel to a newer version?
serve both files and printers to users
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.
You should never allow remote root access. Should your root account become compromised and you use the same password - someone could gain access to all your systems. You also don't want the most powerful user of your system (with no accountability) l
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.


39. Most boot issues can be resolved by...
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
DNS uses port 53.
Public/private key authentication provides an additional layer of security because you need the correct key instead of just knowing someone's password. Passwords combined with public/private keys take the security one additional step.
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.


40. What are the five required directories when building RPMS?
The format of the /etc/shadow file is <username>:<encrypted password>:<last passwd change>:<min>:<max>:<warn>:<inactive>:<expires>:<not used>.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
After the ntpd service is stopped - you can use the ntpdate <server> command to update/sync the time.
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1


41. What is a virtual host?
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
The vsftpd package is used to install an FTP server.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.


42. By default - what is the path to a user's home directory?

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43. A PXE server eases the automation process but isn't required for...
By default - the rndc utility listens on port 953.
kickstart installations to work
chkconfig—list
ifconfig


44. For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - SELinux comes set up in enforcing mode. When installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you have the option to...

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45. What does it mean if you ping a host and you receive the response Destination Unreachable?
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.


46. What command can you use to monitor and troubleshoot network connections?
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
service dhcpd configtest
The virsh command is used to manage virtual guests.
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.


47. What is the difference between the update (-U) and install (-i) options when using rpm to update the kernel?
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
you have access to the correct packages or repositories.
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.
You should never use the -U option because it erases the prior kernel when updating. This leaves you with no fallback kernel should your system not boot properly.


48. What does S12rsyslog in the /etc/rc.d/rc2.d directory mean?
chcon
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
Dovecot supports the POP3 - POP3S - IMAP - and IMAPS protocols.


49. What command can you use to create a password-protected page?
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
The -t nfs option is used with the mount command to mount NFS resources.
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.


50. What port does the DHCP server listen on by default?
mkfs.ext4
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
The DHCP server listens on port 67 by default.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.