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RHCSA

Subjects : certifications, it-skills, rhcsa

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What are the two config files for Postfix called?
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.

2. What is the superblock used for?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.
The superblock is a structure that contains metadata of the file system. If this becomes corrupt - you are in trouble.
Use the yum groupinstall command to install multiple packages in a single group at once.

3. Which version of SSH should you use?
serve both files and printers to users
Version 2 is the latest and most secure version of SSH.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.

4. If a package is built on an RHEL6 system and deployed to a custom RHEL5 repository - are RHEL5 systems able to use it?
mkfs.ext4
getfacl
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.
No. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses a different key to sign its packages.

5. What command can you use to test connectivity to another host?
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
By default - Squid runs on port 3128.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
RAID 0 (Striping) - RAID 1 (Mirror) - and RAID 5 (Striping with parity).

6. Most boot issues can be resolved by...
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.
You can use the sudo command to run a command with elevated privileges provided you have the rights in the /etc/sudoers file.
The mount command lists all currently mounted file systems.

7. Samba servers can...
Stage 1: During this stage - the primary bootloader is read into memory by the BIOS from the MBR. Stage 1.5: During this stage - the bootloader is read into memory by the stage 1 bootloader (only if necessary). Stage 2: During this stage - the bootlo
The /var/liv/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases file contains all clients IP address currently in use.
export one or all resources
serve both files and printers to users

8. Which file contains all messages generated during installation that can be used for troubleshooting if the need arises?
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.
The install.log.syslog file contains messages that are generated during the installation. If you run into trouble during the installation - this is a good place to start.
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1

9. How can virtual hosts be used?
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.
ifconfig
A swap is scratch space on your file system used as virtual memory. A swap can be created as a partition or a device file.

10. What happens if a host changes its IP address and the keys don't match?

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11. What does virsh reboot Client04 do?
You have the flexibility to resize and add new volumes on the fly. With basic partitions - any time that you want to make a change - you need to destroy the partition and create it again.
This command reboots virtual guest Client04.
You can use the -q option to query an installed package. Combining grep and the -qa options - you can search among all installed packages on the system.
Use the route command with the add option to create a static route.

12. The exportfs command is used to...
The htpasswd command can be used to password-protect a web page.
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
createrepo
export one or all resources

13. What port on the firewall needs to be open for the TFTP server to work?
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
getfacl
serve both files and printers to users
DNS uses port 53.

14. What command and option can you use to enable a service to start on boot?
Use the chkconfig command to enable or disable services during the boot process. The on option enables the service and off disables it.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.

15. What command can be used to view the queue for at service jobs?
atq
rpcbind service
The /etc/fstab file.
entering rescue mode and repairing the problem.

16. What command disables the SSH service from running when the system boots?
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
atq
chkconfig sshd off
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.

17. What command can you use to create a new SSL certificate?
The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to another host.
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
Use the setgid flag to create the appropriate permissions (chmod 2770).
load balancing and redundancy benefits

18. The portmap service was replaced by the ______________ in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
rpcbind service
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.

19. How would you disable SELinux protection for NFS - allowing shares to be read/write?
useradd -c "Jr Admin" George
setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw=1
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.

20. It is possible to run scripts before a kickstart installation. This is done by...
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in
The NFS service uses TCP port 2049 by default.
defining a %pre section although it is rarely used

21. What command can you use to check the config file of the DHCP server?
service dhcpd configtest
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
service named configtest

22. What options with the yum command would you use to remove a package?
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
repquota
You can use the remove or erase options with yum to remove a package.

23. What is NAT - How is it used?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
ifconfig
Using the chcon command - you can change the context of a file to work with Apache.
Network address translation (NAT) maintains a table that allows the use of multiple internal IP addresses to a multiple public IP address (called address translation). It can also be used for one-to-one or one-to-many relationships as well.

24. What is the rndc utility used for?
The rndc utility provides a method for managing the DNS server remotely and securely.
SELinux provides enhanced granular security for the Linux operating system.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.

25. What is a virtual host?
A virtual host is a way of hosting multiple sites using a single IP address.
The last rule is always an implicit deny statement rejecting anything that wasn't matched by previous rules.
A web proxy can provide multiple benefits - including security - web page caching for faster load times - and load balancing.
repquota

26. What command do you use to report information on quota usage?
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
support TCP Wrappers
via the command line
repquota

27. What are the two types of back-end authentication mechanisms discussed in this chapter?
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
This chapter described tdbsm and smbpasswd back-end authentication.
When the system starts up again - the cron service will run any jobs that were missed while the system was off. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - the anacron service handles this functionality.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.

28. What command can you use to view the current ACL on a file?
getfacl
When you exit the parted utility - all your changes are automatically written to disk. With the fdisk command - you need to manually write your changes to disk for them to take effect.
used for kickstart and/or network installs
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.

29. What is the top command used for?
Kickstart supports both basic and advanced partitioning (RAID/LVM).
atq
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.

30. What two commands are used for package management?
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
The five directories are BUILD - RPMS - SOURCES - SPECS - and SRPMS.
The yum and rpm commands are used for package management.

31. Can you put your /boot partition on a RAID 5 array?
Upstart. The Upstart utility is now used in the boot process for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
This is actually a trick question because the answer could go either way. In this chapter - we discussed only software RAID setups - in which case the answer is no. If - however - you were using a hardware RAID 5 - the answer would be yes.

32. What happens if you call the command from question 3 with the -c option after it has already been run?
The dig - host - and ping commands can be used to test DNS server functionality.
The file that stores usernames and their encrypted passwords is erased and replaced with a new file.
getsebool -a | grep http
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.

33. Are additional packages besides httpd required for a secure website - If so - what are they?
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
For Apache to run a secure site - the mod_ssl package is required to be installed.
You must ensure that the /boot/grub/grub.conf file has the new entry for your newly updated kernel to be able to boot into it.
The smbstatus command shows you currently mounted Samba resources.

34. What two ports should be opened on the firewall for the FTP server to function properly?
user's home directory in the /etc/skel directory
You must open TCP ports 20 and 21 for the FTP server to function properly.
The smbpasswd command is used to create Samba users.
After you connect to a hypervisor - you can use virsh list —all to list all virtual guests.

35. What is the difference between an A record and a PTR record?
The tcpdump command is used to monitor network connections on different interfaces.
An A record translates translated hostnames to IP addresses - and a PTR record works the other way around.
The SSH service is almost always installed by default in Red Hat. It uses TCP port 22 - and this port is open on the default firewall rules.
repquota

36. What option is used to allow anonymous uploads to the FTP server?
The testparm command allows you to check for syntax errors in the /etc/samba/smb.conf file.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.
Yum repository config files (.repo files) are located in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can also make direct entries into the main /etc/yum.conf file.

37. By default - what is the path to a user's home directory?

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38. What does it mean if you ping a host and you receive the response Destination Unreachable?
have the same effect
support for TCP Wrappers
The file system where ACLs will be implemented must be mounted with the acl option before ACLs will work properly.
The gateway is incorrectly set - and the subnet of the host you are trying to reach is inaccessible.

39. What is the /var/lib/nfs/etab file used for?
The rdnc-confgen command generates an rndc.conf file for the rndc utility.
chkconfig—list
The TFTP server uses UDP port 69.
The /var/lib/nfs/etab file is used to keep track of currently exported resources.

40. What is a gateway used for on a network?
The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file is the main config file for the DHCP service.
The nfsstat command can be used to view NFS statistics.
A gateway is used as an entry and exit point for a subnet on a network. To contact hosts outside your subnet - you need to pass through a gateway.
The partprobe command forces the kernel to reread the partition table. You should always call it after making any changes to your system partitions.

41. What does ifconfig 172.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth1 do?
This command sets the eth1 interface to have a static IP address of 172.168.1.100 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
The /etc/exports file needs to contain any directory that you want to export - including which options you'd like to use as well.
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
If you are a hosting company or want to run multiple websites/applications from a single IP address - you can use virtual hosts to accomplish this.

42. What port does the Apache web server run on - What about HTTPS?
The /etc/hosts file is a local lookup file used to map IP addresses to hostnames if a DNS server isn't available.
The lftp command can be used on a client to test FTP server connections.
generates errors under Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
Apache uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS.

43. Can you name three utilities that can be used for network or DNS client troubleshooting?
choose which mode you'd like it to operate in
Use the top command to view CPU and memory usage.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.

44. What command do you use to change the permissions on a file or directory - To change ownership?
The /var/log/audit/audit.log file contains all policy violations.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The chown command is used to change the ownership of files and directories.
support TCP Wrappers

45. There are four types of DNS servers. Name them.
The two main config files are master.cf and main.cf.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
The rpm command can operate in install - query - or verify modes.
The four types of DNS servers are master - slave - caching-only - and forwarding.

46. What port does the SMTP service run on?
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
The anonymous_enable=YES option in the main config file allows anonymous uploads.
The /etc/sysctl.conf file maintains a list of custom kernel parameters that should be applied during system boot.
The SMTP service runs on TCP port 110.

47. Does a DHCP server allow reserved IP addresses - If so - how?
The /proc directory. The /proc/sys directory is the place where you actually tune kernel parameters.
alternatives --config mta
Using the host option in the dhcpd.conf file allows you to reserve a client IP address based on its MAC address.
The three utilities are: route - ping - and nslookup.

48. What are SELinux Booleans?
SELinux Booleans provide restrictions to different aspects of a service.
Use the ps command to view processes and their CPU usage.
By defining a %post section - you can run scripts after a kickstart installation is complete.
used for kickstart and/or network installs

49. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 - the default for SELinux is _______________ (which can be changed after the installation completes). For Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 - you were able to choose what mode you wanted SELinux to start in.
Use the /usr/share/doc/dovecot-1.0.7/examples/mkcert.sh command after editing the /etc/pki/dovecot/dovecot-openssl.cnf file.
A user's home directory is created under the /home directory.
DNS uses port 53.
Enforcing during installation

50. What does S12rsyslog in the /etc/rc.d/rc2.d directory mean?
When the system enters into runlevel 2 - the rsyslog service has a priority of 12 when starting. Anything with a lower number (or the same number and lower first letter) starts before the rsyslog service.
A soft limit acts like an alarm - signaling you when you are reaching your limit. If you don't specify a grace period - the soft limit is the max. A hard limit is required only when a grace period exists. It is the max limit you can hit before your g
The du and df commands are used to view available space on the system.
Use the resize2fs command to grow a file system.

Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?

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