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SAT Subject Test: hysics

Subjects : sat, science, physics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When a light ray strikes a surface - the angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal.






2. Two quantities are inversely proportional if an increase in one results in a proportional decrease in the other - and a decrease in one results in a proportional increase in the other. In a formula defining a certain quantity - those quantities to wh






3. A back-and-forth movement about an equilibrium position. Springs - pendulums - and other oscillators experience harmonic motion.






4. A rigid body's resistance to being rotated. The moment of inertia for a single particle is MR2 - where M is the mass of the rigid body and R is the distance to the rotation axis. For rigid bodies - calculating the moment of inertia is more complicate






5. The amount heat necessary to cause a substance to undergo a phase transition.






6. A pulley is a simple machine that consists of a rope that slides around a disk or block.






7. Waves carried by variations in air pressure. The speed of sound waves in air at room temperature and pressure is roughly 343 m/s.






8. A vector quantity defined as the rate of change of the velocity vector with time.






9. The coefficient of kinetic friction - - for two materials is the constant of proportionality between the normal force and the force of kinetic friction. It is always a number between zero and one.






10. An object that retains its overall shape - meaning that the particles that make up the rigid body stay in the same position relative to one another.






11. A frequency - f - defined as the number of revolutions a rigid body makes in a given time interval. It is a scalar quantity commonly denoted in units of Hertz (Hz) or s-1.






12. The unit for measuring pressure. One Pascal is equal to one Newton per meter squared - 1 Pa = 1 N/m2.






13. A machine that operates by taking heat from a hot place - doing some work with that heat - and then exhausting the rest of the heat into a cool place. The internal combustion engine of a car is an example of a heat engine.






14. The amount of heat of a material required to raise the temperature of either one kilogram or one gram of that material by one degree Celsius. Different units may be used depending on whether specific heat is measured in s of grams or kilograms - and






15. The ray of light that is refracted through a surface into a different medium.






16. A vector of magnitude 1 along one of the coordinate axes. Generally - we take the basis vectors to be and - the vectors of length 1 along the x- and y-axes - respectively.






17. Two materials are in thermal equilibrium if they are at the same temperature.






18. Also called a converging lens - a lens that is thicker in the middle than at the edges. Convex lenses refract light through a focal point.






19. If two systems - A and B - are in thermal equilibrium and if B and C are also in thermal equilibrium - then systems A and C are necessarily in thermal equilibrium.






20. The number of cycles executed by a system in one second. Frequency is the inverse of period - f = 1/T. Frequency is measured in hertz - Hz.






21. The mass number - A - is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus. It is very close to the weight of that nucleus in atomic mass units.






22. The application of kinematics to understand why objects move the way they do. More precisely - dynamics is the study of how forces cause motion.






23. A vector quantity defined as the product of the force acting on a body multiplied by the time interval over which the force is exerted.






24. A principle derived by Werner Heisenberg in 1927 that tells us that we can never know both the position and the momentum of a particle at any given time.






25. A nuclear reaction in which a high-energy neutron bombards a heavy - unstable atomic nucleus - causing it to split into two smaller nuclei - and releasing some neutrons and a vast amount of energy at the same time






26. The straight line that runs through the focal point and the vertex of a mirror or lens.






27. An equation - PV = nRT - that relates the pressure - volume - temperature - and quantity of an ideal gas. An ideal gas is one that obeys the approximations laid out in the kinetic theory of gases.






28. The disorder of a system.






29. A body or set of bodies that we choose to analyze as a group.






30. The emf created by the motion of a charge through a magnetic field.






31. The model of the atom according to which negatively charged electrons orbit a positively charged nucleus. This model was developed by Ernest Rutherford in light of the results from his gold foil experiment.






32. The current induced in a circuit by a change in magnetic flux.






33. A particle - identical to an electron. Beta particles are ejected from an atom in the process of beta decay.






34. In a right triangle - the sine of a given angle is the length of the side opposite the angle divided by the length of the hypotenuse.






35. The number of hydrogen atoms in one gram of hydrogen - equal to . When counting the number of molecules in a gas - it is often convenient to count them in moles.






36. The process by which unstable nuclei spontaneously release particles and/or energy so as to come to a more stable arrangement. The most common forms of radioactive decay are alpha decay - beta decay - and gamma decay.






37. The mass difference between a nucleus and the sum of the masses of the constituent protons and neutrons.






38. When dealing with reflection or refraction - the incident ray is the ray of light before it strikes the reflecting or refracting surface.






39. A rough approximation of how gases work - that is quite accurate in everyday conditions. According to the kinetic theory - gases are made up of tiny - round molecules that move about in accordance with Newton's Laws - and collide with one another and






40. A pendulum consists of a bob connected to a rod or rope. At small angles - a pendulum's motion approximates simple harmonic motion as it swings back and forth without friction.






41. Represented by R = 8.31 J/mol · K - the universal gas constant fits into the ideal gas law so as to relate temperature to the average kinetic energy of gas molecules.






42. A constant - J · s - which is useful in quantum physics. A second constant associated with Planck's constant is .

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43. Objects that experience oscillatory or simple harmonic motion when distorted. Their motion is described by Hooke's Law.






44. A device that breaks incoming light down into spectral rays - so that one can see the exact wavelength constituents of the light.






45. A transverse traveling wave created by the oscillations of an electric field and a magnetic field. Electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light - m/s. Examples include microwaves - X rays - and visible light.






46. Defined as the rate at which work is done - or the rate at which energy is transformed. P is measured in joules per second (J/s) - or watts (W).






47. F = ma. The net force - F - acting on an object causes the object to accelerate - a. The magnitude of the acceleration is directly proportional to the net force on the object and inversely proportional to the mass - m - of the object.

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48. The path of each planet around the sun is an ellipse with the sun at one focus.

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49. Energy associated with an object's position in space - or configuration in relation to other objects. This is a latent form of energy - where the amount of potential energy reflects the amount of energy that potentially could be released as kinetic e






50. The acceleration of a body experiencing uniform circular motion. This acceleration is always directed toward the center of the circle.







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