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SAT Subject Test: hysics

Subjects : sat, science, physics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An object that retains its overall shape - meaning that the particles that make up the rigid body stay in the same position relative to one another.






2. In an interference or diffraction pattern - the places where there is the most light.






3. An experiment by Ernest Rutherford that proved for the first time that atoms have nuclei.






4. For a gas held at constant pressure - temperature and volume are directly proportional.

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5. For a heat engine - the ratio of work done by the engine to heat intake. Efficiency is never 100%.






6. The standing wave with the lowest frequency that is supported by a string with both ends tied down is called the fundamental - or resonance - of the string. The wavelength of the fundamental is twice the length of the string - .






7. In the graphical representation of vectors - the tip of the arrow is the pointy end.






8. An object cannot be cooled to absolute zero.






9. Waves produced by a source that is moving with respect to the observer will seem to have a higher frequency and smaller wavelength if the motion is towards the observer - and a lower frequency and longer wavelength if the motion is away from the obse






10. A system that no external net force acts upon. Objects within the system may exert forces upon one another - but they cannot receive any impulse from outside forces. Momentum is conserved in isolated systems.






11. The index of refraction n = c/v of a substance characterizes the speed of light in that substance - v. It also characterizes - by way of Snell's Law - the angle at which light refracts in that substance.






12. The force transmitted along a rope or cable.






13. The units of frequency - defined as inverse-seconds (1 Hz = 1 s-1). "Hertz" can be used interchangeably with "cycles per second."






14. A positively charged particle that - along with the neutron - occupies the nucleus of the atom.






15. An object that moves about a stable equilibrium point and experiences a restoring force that is directly proportional to the oscillator's displacement.






16. A nuclear reaction in which a high-energy neutron bombards a heavy - unstable atomic nucleus - causing it to split into two smaller nuclei - and releasing some neutrons and a vast amount of energy at the same time






17. A model for the atom developed in 1913 by Niels Bohr. According to this model - the electrons orbiting a nucleus can only orbit at certain particular radii. Excited electrons may jump to a more distant radii and then return to their ground state - em






18. A collision in which both kinetic energy and momentum are conserved.






19. The property of a vector that distinguishes it from a scalar: while scalars have only a magnitude - vectors have both a magnitude and a direction. When graphing vectors in the xy-coordinate space - direction is usually given by the angle measured cou






20. The spectrum containing all the different kinds of electromagnetic waves - ranging in wavelength and frequency.






21. Any vector can be expressed as the sum of two mutually perpendicular component vectors. Usually - but not always - these components are multiples of the basis vectors - and ; that is - vectors along the x-axis and y-axis. We define these two vectors






22. The energy of a particle rotating around an axis.






23. The process by which a solid turns directly into gas - because it cannot exist as a liquid at a certain pressure.






24. The line perpendicular to a surface. There is only one normal for any given surface.






25. To every action - there is an equal and opposite reaction. If an object A exerts a force on another object B - B will exert on A a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted by A.

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26. Given the trajectory of an object or system - the center of mass is the point that has the same acceleration as the object or system as a whole would have if its mass were concentrated at that point. In terms of force - the center of mass is the poin






27. A constant - - not to be confused with wavelength - that defines the speed at which a radioactive element undergoes decay. The greater is - the faster the element decays.






28. The straight line that runs through the focal point and the vertex of a mirror or lens.






29. The points of maximum displacement along a wave. In traveling waves - the crests move in the direction of propagation of the wave. The crests of standing waves - also called anti-nodes - remain in one place.






30. The cosine of an angle in a right triangle is equal to the length of the side adjacent to the angle divided by the length of the hypotenuse.






31. When objects collide - each object feels a force for a short amount of time. This force imparts an impulse - or changes the momentum of each of the colliding objects. The momentum of a system is conserved in all kinds of collisions. Kinetic energy is






32. The energy of a particle moving in space. It is defined in s of a particle's mass - m - and velocity - v - as (1/2)mv2.






33. A transfer of thermal energy. We don't speak about systems "having" heat - but about their "transferring" heat - much in the way that dynamical systems don't "have" work - but rather "do" work.






34. The amount of energy that metal must absorb before it can release a photoelectron from the metal.






35. An almost massless particle of neutral charge that is released along with a beta particle in beta decay.






36. Objects that experience oscillatory or simple harmonic motion when distorted. Their motion is described by Hooke's Law.






37. The ratio of the size of the image produced by a mirror or lens to the size of the original object. This number is negative if the image is upside-down.






38. The force between two surfaces moving relative to one another. The frictional force is parallel to the plane of contact between the two objects and in the opposite direction of the sliding object's motion.






39. A scale for measuring temperature - defined such that water freezes at 0ºC and boils at 100ºC. 0ºC = 273 K.






40. If the net torque acting on a rigid body is zero - then the angular momentum of the body is constant or conserved.






41. The property by which a charge moving in a magnetic field creates an electric field.






42. In the Bohr model of the atom - the state in which an electron has the least energy and orbits closest to the nucleus.






43. The center of a mirror or lens.






44. Heat transfer by molecular collisions.






45. Represented by R = 8.31 J/mol · K - the universal gas constant fits into the ideal gas law so as to relate temperature to the average kinetic energy of gas molecules.






46. The force involved in beta decay that changes a proton to a neutron and releases an electron and a neutrino.






47. A transfer of thermal energy from one system to another.






48. An equation - PV = nRT - that relates the pressure - volume - temperature - and quantity of an ideal gas. An ideal gas is one that obeys the approximations laid out in the kinetic theory of gases.






49. The angle between a reflected ray and the normal.






50. The building blocks of all matter - quarks are the constituent parts of protons - neutrons - and mesons.







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