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SAT Subject Test: hysics

Subjects : sat, science, physics
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A wave with wave crests that propagate down the length of the medium - in contrast to stationary standing waves. The velocity at which a crest propagates is called the wave speed.






2. A mirror that is curved such that its center is closer to the viewer than the edges - such as a doorknob. Convex mirrors reflect light away from a focal point.






3. A unit vector is a vector with length 1.






4. A wavelength - given by = h/mv - which is associated with matter. Louis de Broglie proposed the idea that matter could be treated as waves in 1923 and applied this theory successfully to small particles like electrons.






5. The units of frequency - defined as inverse-seconds (1 Hz = 1 s-1). "Hertz" can be used interchangeably with "cycles per second."






6. A form of vector multiplication - where two vectors are multiplied to produce a third vector. The cross product of two vectors - A and B - separated by an angle - - is - where is a unit vector perpendicular to both A and B. To deine which direction






7. The separation of different color light via refraction.






8. Energy cannot be made or destroyed; energy can only be changed from one place to another or from one form to another.






9. The energy of a particle moving in space. It is defined in s of a particle's mass - m - and velocity - v - as (1/2)mv2.






10. The application of kinematics to understand why objects move the way they do. More precisely - dynamics is the study of how forces cause motion.






11. A pendulum consists of a bob connected to a rod or rope. At small angles - a pendulum's motion approximates simple harmonic motion as it swings back and forth without friction.






12. The velocity at any given instant in time. To be contrasted with average velocity - which is a measure of the change in displacement over a given time interval.






13. An object cannot be cooled to absolute zero.






14. A transfer of thermal energy from one system to another.






15. The building blocks of all matter - atoms are made up of a nucleus consisting of protons and neutrons - and a number of electrons that orbit the nucleus. An electrically neutral atom has as many protons as it has electrons.






16. A vector quantity - or vector - is an object possessing - and fully described by - a magnitude and a direction. Graphically a vector is depicted as an arrow with its magnitude given by the length of the arrow and its direction given by where the arro






17. An image created by a mirror or lens in such a way that light does not actually come from where the image appears to be.






18. A logorithmic unit for measuring the volume of sound - which is the square of the amplitude of sound waves.






19. The square of the amplitude of a sound wave is called the sound's loudness - or volume.






20. The mass difference between a nucleus and the sum of the masses of the constituent protons and neutrons.






21. A force caused by the roughness of two materials in contact - deformations in the materials - and a molecular attraction between the materials. Frictional forces are always parallel to the plane of contact between two surfaces and opposite the direct






22. Given the trajectory of an object or system - the center of mass is the point that has the same acceleration as the object or system as a whole would have if its mass were concentrated at that point. In terms of force - the center of mass is the poin






23. A form of radioactivity where an excited atom releases a photon of gamma radiation - thereby returning to a lower energy state. The atomic structure itself does not change in the course of gamma radiation.






24. A rigid body's resistance to being rotated. The moment of inertia for a single particle is MR2 - where M is the mass of the rigid body and R is the distance to the rotation axis. For rigid bodies - calculating the moment of inertia is more complicate






25. The amount of energy that metal must absorb before it can release a photoelectron from the metal.






26. For a heat engine - the ratio of work done by the engine to heat intake. Efficiency is never 100%.






27. A vector quantity defined as the rate of change of the velocity vector with time.






28. Two materials are in thermal equilibrium if they are at the same temperature.






29. The center of an atom - where the protons and neutrons reside. Electrons then orbit this nucleus.






30. A scale for measuring temperature - defined such that water freezes at 0ºC and boils at 100ºC. 0ºC = 273 K.






31. A constant - J · s - which is useful in quantum physics. A second constant associated with Planck's constant is .

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32. The two shorter sides of a right triangle that meet at the right angle.






33. The time it takes a system to pass through one cycle of its repetitive motion. The period - T - is the inverse of the motion's frequency - f = 1/T.






34. The amount of heat necessary to transform a liquid at a given temperature into a gas of the same temperature - or the amount of heat needed to be taken away from a gas of a given temperature to transform it into a liquid of the same temperature.






35. Waves in which the medium moves in the direction perpendicular to the propagation of the wave. Waves on a stretched string - water waves - and electromagnetic waves are all examples of transverse waves.






36. Body diagram- Illustrates the forces acting on an object - drawn as vectors originating from the center of the object.






37. A process that aligns a wave of light to oscillate in one dimension rather than two.






38. Heat transfer via the mass movement of molecules.






39. An area of high air pressure that acts as the wave trough for sound waves. The spacing between successive rarefactions is the wavelength of sound - and the number of successive areas of rarefaction that arrive at the ear per second is the frequency -






40. Relates the angle of incidence to the angle of refraction: .

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41. The gravitational force exerted on a given mass.






42. Linear momentum - p - commonly called "momentum" for short - is a vector quantity defined as the product of an object's mass - m - and its velocity - v.






43. The property by which a changing current in one coil of wire induces an emf in another.






44. The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. Light refracts toward the normal when going from a less dense medium into a denser medium and away from the normal when going from a denser medium into a less dense medium.






45. If the net torque acting on a rigid body is zero - then the angular momentum of the body is constant or conserved.






46. A particle - identical to an electron. Beta particles are ejected from an atom in the process of beta decay.






47. A pulley is a simple machine that consists of a rope that slides around a disk or block.






48. A coefficient that tells how much a material will expand or contract lengthwise when it is heated or cooled.






49. A vector quantity - L - that is the rotational analogue of linear momentum. For a single particle - the angular momentum is the cross product of the particle's displacement from the axis of rotation and the particle's linear momentum - . For a rigid






50. The point of a mirror or lens where all light that runs parallel to the principal axis will be focused. Concave mirrors and convex lenses are designed to focus light into the focal point. Convex mirrors and concave lenses focus light away from the fo







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