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Test your basic knowledge |
SAT Subject Test: hysics
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
sat
,
science
,
physics
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Represented by R = 8.31 J/mol · K - the universal gas constant fits into the ideal gas law so as to relate temperature to the average kinetic energy of gas molecules.
Cycle
Diffraction
Universal gas constant
Scalar
2. A wave on a string that is tied to a pole at one end will reflect back toward its source - producing a wave that is the mirror-image of the original and which travels in the opposite direction.
Reflect
Ground state
Force
Refracted ray
3. The property of a vector that distinguishes it from a scalar: while scalars have only a magnitude - vectors have both a magnitude and a direction. When graphing vectors in the xy-coordinate space - direction is usually given by the angle measured cou
Direction
Ground state
Focal length
Neutrino
4. A mirror that is curved such that its center is farther from the viewer than the edges - such as the front of a spoon. Concave mirrors reflect light through a focal point.
Kinematic equations
Concave mirror
Reflection
Angular displacement
5. An equation - PV = nRT - that relates the pressure - volume - temperature - and quantity of an ideal gas. An ideal gas is one that obeys the approximations laid out in the kinetic theory of gases.
Ideal gas law
Angular momentum
Lenz's Law
Power
6. The series of standing waves supported by a string with both ends tied down. The first member of the series - called the fundamental - has two nodes at the ends and one anti-node in the middle. The higher harmonics are generated by placing an integra
Antinode
Harmonic series
Frictional force
Compression
7. Essentially a restatement of energy conservation - it states that the change in the internal energy of a system is equal to the heat added plus the work done on the system.
Heat
Translational motion
First Law of Thermodynamics
Inclined plane
8. An object that retains its overall shape - meaning that the particles that make up the rigid body stay in the same position relative to one another.
Wave speed
Rigid body
Convex mirror
Mass number
9. For two given media - the smallest angle of incidence at which total internal reflection occurs.
Axis of rotation
Scalar
Critical angle
Fundamental
10. A rough approximation of how gases work - that is quite accurate in everyday conditions. According to the kinetic theory - gases are made up of tiny - round molecules that move about in accordance with Newton's Laws - and collide with one another and
Gold foil experiment
Kinetic theory of gases
Thermal equilibrium
Inversely proportional
11. Atoms of the same element may have different numbers of neutrons and therefore different masses. Atoms of the same element but with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes of the same element.
Frequency
Kepler's Second Law
Conservation of momentum
Isotope
12. A vector of magnitude 1 along one of the coordinate axes. Generally - we take the basis vectors to be and - the vectors of length 1 along the x- and y-axes - respectively.
Medium
Half
Basis vector
Critical angle
13. The principle by which the displacements from different waves traveling in the same medium add up. Superposition is the basis for interference.
Isolated system
Superposition
Hooke's Law
Angular period
14. The amount of heat necessary to transform a solid at a given temperature into a liquid of the same temperature - or the amount of heat needed to be removed from a liquid of a given temperature to transform it into a solid of the same temperature.
Wave
Latent heat of fusion
Basis vector
System
15. The index of refraction n = c/v of a substance characterizes the speed of light in that substance - v. It also characterizes - by way of Snell's Law - the angle at which light refracts in that substance.
Index of refraction
Work-energy theorem
Half
Third Law of Thermodynamics
16. Occurs when every point in the rigid body moves in a circular path around a line called the axis of rotation.
Latent heat of transformation
Equilibrium position
Temperature
Rotational motion
17. The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius. 1 cal = 4.19 J.
Celsius
Kinetic friction
Calorie
Vertex
18. A scalar quantity. If an object is moved from point A to point B in space along path AB - the distance that the object has traveled is the length of the path AB. Distance is to be contrasted with displacement - which is simply a measure of the distan
Kepler's First Law
Distance
Wave speed
Cross product
19. The energy of a particle moving in space. It is defined in s of a particle's mass - m - and velocity - v - as (1/2)mv2.
Translational kinetic energy
Half
Third Law of Thermodynamics
Wavelength
20. The lowest theoretical temperature a material can have - where the molecules that make up the material have no kinetic energy. Absolute zero is reached at 0 K or -273º C.
Absolute zero
Conservation of Angular Momentum
Thermal equilibrium
Concave lens
21. Relates the angle of incidence to the angle of refraction: .
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22. A back-and-forth movement about an equilibrium position. Springs - pendulums - and other oscillators experience harmonic motion.
Electric generator
Oscillation
Nuclear fission
Deposition
23. A transfer of thermal energy. We don't speak about systems "having" heat - but about their "transferring" heat - much in the way that dynamical systems don't "have" work - but rather "do" work.
Heat
Magnitude
Wave
Joule
24. An experiment by Ernest Rutherford that proved for the first time that atoms have nuclei.
Coefficient of static friction
Equilibrium
Specific heat
Gold foil experiment
25. The cosine of an angle in a right triangle is equal to the length of the side adjacent to the angle divided by the length of the hypotenuse.
Distance
De Broglie wavelength
Vector
Cosine
26. The number of digits that have been accurately measured. When combining several measurements in a formula - the resulting calculation can only have as many significant digits as the measurement that has the smallest number of significant digits.
Charles's Law
Electronvolt
Scalar
Significant digits
27. The experience of being in free fall. If you are in a satellite - elevator - or other free-falling object - then you have a weight of zero Newtons relative to that object.
Inertial reference frame
Angle of reflection
Weightlessness
Threshold frequency
28. A nuclear reaction that takes place only at very high temperatures. Two light atoms - often hydrogen - fuse together to form a larger single atom - releasing a vast amount of energy in the process.
System
Inelastic collision
Normal
Nuclear fusion
29. The property by which a changing current in one coil of wire induces an emf in another.
Impulse
Latent heat of transformation
Mutual Induction
Node
30. The energy associated with the configuration of bodies attracted to each other by the gravitational force. It is a measure of the amount of work necessary to get the two bodies from a chosen point of reference to their present position. This point of
Proton
Mass
Uniform circular motion
Gravitational Potential Energy
31. Kinematics is the study and description of the motion of objects.
Half
Kinematics
Newton's Third Law
Normal
32. The force of gravity - F - between two particles of mass and - separated by a distance r - has a magnitude of - where G is the gravitational constant. The force is directed along the line joining the two particles.
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33. The force transmitted along a rope or cable.
Dispersion
Tension force
Cross product
Period
34. An object cannot be cooled to absolute zero.
Vector
Latent heat of transformation
Translational kinetic energy
Third Law of Thermodynamics
35. The line perpendicular to a surface. There is only one normal for any given surface.
Normal
Angular acceleration
Rarefaction
Pressure
36. A collision in which momentum is conserved but kinetic energy is not.
Alpha particle
Instantaneous velocity
Angular position
Inelastic collision
37. A principle derived by Werner Heisenberg in 1927 that tells us that we can never know both the position and the momentum of a particle at any given time.
Uncertainty principle
Strong nuclear force
Incident ray
Nuclear fusion
38. A wave that interferes with its own reflection so as to produce oscillations which stand still - rather than traveling down the length of the medium. Standing waves on a string with both ends tied down make up the harmonic series.
Chain reaction
Impulse
Orbit
Standing wave
39. The effect of force on rotational motion.
Frictional force
Tip
Torque
Gravitational Potential Energy
40. The force between two surfaces that are not moving relative to one another. The force of static friction is parallel to the plane of contact between the two objects and resists the force pushing or pulling on the object.
Static friction
Heat transfer
Pressure
Rarefaction
41. When two waves of slightly different frequencies interfere with one another - they produce a "beating" interference pattern that alternates between constructive (in-phase) and destructive (out-of-phase). In the case of sound waves - this sort of inte
Sound
Activity
Induced current
Beats
42. When objects collide - each object feels a force for a short amount of time. This force imparts an impulse - or changes the momentum of each of the colliding objects. The momentum of a system is conserved in all kinds of collisions. Kinetic energy is
Collision
Wave
Rigid body
Constant of proportionality
43. A constant in the numerator of a formula.
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
Radioactivity
Constant of proportionality
Wave speed
44. In a right triangle - the sine of a given angle is the length of the side opposite the angle divided by the length of the hypotenuse.
Sine
Instantaneous velocity
Tangent
Kepler's Third Law
45. The amount of heat necessary for a material undergoing sublimation to make a phase change from gas to solid or solid to gas - without a change in temperature.
Tip
Latent heat of sublimation
Coefficient of volume expansion
Work
46. A class of elementary particle whose mass is between that of a proton and that of an electron. A common kind of meson is the pion.
Magnitude
Induced current
Meson
Restoring force
47. A logorithmic unit for measuring the volume of sound - which is the square of the amplitude of sound waves.
Decibel
Kepler's Third Law
Kinematics
Kinematic equations
48. The building blocks of all matter - atoms are made up of a nucleus consisting of protons and neutrons - and a number of electrons that orbit the nucleus. An electrically neutral atom has as many protons as it has electrons.
Inertial reference frame
Kinematics
Orbit
Atom
49. A scale for measuring temperature - defined such that 0K is the lowest theoretical temperature a material can have. 273K = 0ºC.
Oscillation
Kelvin
Threshold frequency
Celsius
50. A particle - identical to an electron. Beta particles are ejected from an atom in the process of beta decay.
Longitudinal waves
Beta particle
Polarization
Snell's Law