SAT Subject Test: Physics Formulas

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Formula for energy levels within any atom?

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2. Newton's second law
Zero.
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r
Fnet=ma
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)


3. Formula for how velocity changes in air? (probably don't have to know)
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
?=h/p (where p= MOMENTUM=m?v - and h is planck's constant)
Large/high
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature


4. Relativistic factor Y formula
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)
Fnet=ma
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)


5. deBrolglie wavelength formula

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6. Magnetic force formula (for particle)?
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
Momentum is always conserved in the absence of an outside force
A= A0 e ^ [-?t] (= activity at time t=0 e ^ ( - decay constant * time)


7. Formula for resistance of an OBJECT
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
P=mv (?p=m?v)


8. Efficiency of an engine formula
Eff= 1- Qc/Qh = 1- Tc/Th
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.
V=f?
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)


9. Binding energy explanation
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)
Energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons (same as energy lost to create atom.)
?IE= - W (work)
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)


10. (Full) Displacement formula
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad


11. New/old gas formula?

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12. Capacitance formula? (there are two)
C= Q/V = e0 *A/d
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)


13. High frequency wave shave...
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
E= kq/r² (= f/q)
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)


14. Buoyant force formula
?=h/p (where p= MOMENTUM=m?v - and h is planck's constant)
Large/high
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity


15. Right-hand rule
Fingers= Magnetic Field - Thumb=Velocity - Palm of hand= Force. RH=Proton - LH= electron.
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
Atom + electron--> Neutron (the addition of an electron - °?1e - causes a proton to change into a neutron - i.e. PROTON TRANSFORMS)


16. Internal energy....equals?
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)
1.6*10?¹? C
?IE= - W (work)


17. Thin lens equation
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)
1/f= 1/di + 1/do
N= C/velocity.


18. Law of refraction
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)
1.67*10?²7kg
I=mr²
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r


19. Relativistic formula for length
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
Energy of emitted photon = E2-E1 (=Energy level higher- Energy level lower)
Length stationary=Length moving/Y
Product of each lens's magnification


20. Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
F= (9/5)C+ 32
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)


21. speed of light
C= 3*108 m/s
The volume of the object.
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
1.6*10?¹? C


22. Elastic potential energy for a spring formula
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
PEspring= 1/2 kx² (K is spring constant - X is distance spring compressed)
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
Large/high


23. Magnetic force formula (for wire)?
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|


24. mass of a proton/neutron (there's a slight difference but ignore it - neutron has slightly more mass)
1.67*10?²7kg
PE=mgh
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
En= [Z²/n² * -13.6ev ] (Z is number of protons in atom's nucleus - n is energy level number)


25. Sign of focus for convex lens?
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
A=v²/ r


26. Kinetic Energy formula
Fb= Bperp-to-areaAcos? (Measures density of magnetic field lines that cross through an area)
KE=1/2mv²
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)
Voltage=PE/q (remember Joules/Coulomb= volt)


27. Law of reflection
Vfinal= V0 +at
Angle of incidence=Angle of reflection
Energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons (same as energy lost to create atom.)
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)


28. energy in a reaction q formula?
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
W=qVoltage. (think C* J/C and C's cancel out)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r


29. Sign of focus for concave lens?
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)
Positive - focus in front of the lens (=real image)
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²


30. What is the apparent weight of a floating object?
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)
A=v²/ r
Zero.


31. Relativistic formula for time
PV/nT'= p'V'n'T' (p=pressure - V= VOLUME - T= temperature)
E= kq/r² (= f/q)
?V2/?V1= N2/N1 (if secondary greater than primary it's a step-up transformer).
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)


32. Beat frequency
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
F= (9/5)C+ 32


33. Gravitational constant
?= 4L + 1.6d
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
Vstationary obj.= [u+v] / [1 + uv/c²] (where u is velocity of large object - and v is velocity of "thrown" object relative to large object)
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²


34. Formula for electric field?
Energy of emitted photon = E2-E1 (=Energy level higher- Energy level lower)
?V2/?V1= N2/N1 (if secondary greater than primary it's a step-up transformer).
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)
E= kq/r² (= f/q)


35. Voltage formula (for circuit - etc.)
6.6310 ?³4 Js
V=IR
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)
PE= 1/2 C (?V)² = 1/2 Q²/C = 1/2 Q?V


36. Lenz's law
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction


37. Threshold frequency explanation?
PEspring= 1/2 kx² (K is spring constant - X is distance spring compressed)
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
A= A0 e ^ [-?t] (= activity at time t=0 e ^ ( - decay constant * time)


38. Electric force formula? (two)
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
?=h/p (where p= MOMENTUM=m?v - and h is planck's constant)
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²
Fingers= Magnetic Field - Thumb=Velocity - Palm of hand= Force. RH=Proton - LH= electron.


39. ONE END CAPPED PIPE FREQUENCY (Frequency/Harmonic series of a pipe closed at one ned)
1.6*10?¹? C
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
931MeV=1amu


40. Binding energy formula
Fb= Bperp-to-areaAcos? (Measures density of magnetic field lines that cross through an area)
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted


41. Low frequency waves have...
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r
931MeV=1amu
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)


42. Threshold frequency formula?

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43. Work performed by charge displacement? (hopefully...won't have to know)
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
1.67*10?²7kg
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)
V=IR


44. Transformer formula

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45. Formula for velocity of waves?
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
V=f?
1/f= 1/di + 1/do


46. If speed is high - index of refraction is....
C= Q/V = e0 *A/d
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
Low
Voltage=PE/q (remember Joules/Coulomb= volt)


47. Apparent weight (weight of submerged object)
Voltage=PE/q (remember Joules/Coulomb= volt)
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)


48. OPEN PIPE FREQUENCY (Frequency/Harmonic series of a pipe opened at both ends)
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
F= n * vel/2L n= 1 - 2 - 3... (L= length of pipe) (?=2L/n)
PE=mgh
?= 4L + 1.6d


49. Voltage formula (think units of volts are what?) (NOT in terms of I and R)
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)
V=f?
Distance= velocity * time
Voltage=PE/q (remember Joules/Coulomb= volt)


50. Conservation of momentum
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
F=mv²/ r
E= kq/r² (= f/q)
Momentum is always conserved in the absence of an outside force