SAT Subject Test: Physics Formulas

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Threshold frequency formula?

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2. Faraday's law
P=mv (?p=m?v)
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)
931MeV=1amu
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)


3. Mass defect explanation

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4. Momentum formula?
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
?= 4L + 1.6d
P=mv (?p=m?v)
Fingers= Magnetic Field - Thumb=Velocity - Palm of hand= Force. RH=Proton - LH= electron.


5. Formula for resistance of an OBJECT
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)
W=qVoltage. (think C* J/C and C's cancel out)
P=IV=I²R=V² /R = Fd/t= Force*velocity
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)


6. Low frequency waves have...
PE=mgh
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)
Voltage=PE/q (remember Joules/Coulomb= volt)
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.


7. Formula for electric potential energy?
PE= 1/2 C (?V)² = 1/2 Q²/C = 1/2 Q?V
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
1/f= 1/di + 1/do


8. Velocity formula if time not given
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad
6.6310 ?³4 Js
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)
PV/nT'= p'V'n'T' (p=pressure - V= VOLUME - T= temperature)


9. Centripetal force formula
Product of each lens's magnification
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
F=mv²/ r
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.


10. Formula for energy of a photon?

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11. If you drop an object into water the volume displaced equals...
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
Vstationary obj.= [u+v] / [1 + uv/c²] (where u is velocity of large object - and v is velocity of "thrown" object relative to large object)
The volume of the object.
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)


12. Formula for how velocity changes in air? (probably don't have to know)
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
P=mv (?p=m?v)
Threshold frequency=F/h (= work functions/planck's constant)


13. ONE END CAPPED PIPE FREQUENCY (Frequency/Harmonic series of a pipe closed at one ned)
Length stationary=Length moving/Y
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)


14. Sign of focus for convex lens?
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)
P=IV=I²R=V² /R = Fd/t= Force*velocity
4.14 10?¹5 eVs
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)


15. Heat formula
1/f= 1/di + 1/do
Etotal= E rest + KE= mc² + (Y-1)mc²
E= V/d
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)


16. Sign of focus for concave lens?
Fnet=ma
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
Positive - focus in front of the lens (=real image)


17. Formula for velocity of waves?
1.67*10?²7kg
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
V=f?
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)


18. Magnification equation
931MeV=1amu
Low
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)


19. Graviational force formula
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)
W=qVoltage. (think C* J/C and C's cancel out)
F=GM1M2/r²
F=mv²/ r


20. Impulse formula
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
I=mr²
PEspring= 1/2 kx² (K is spring constant - X is distance spring compressed)
KE=1/2mv²


21. mass of a proton/neutron (there's a slight difference but ignore it - neutron has slightly more mass)
1.67*10?²7kg
P=IV=I²R=V² /R = Fd/t= Force*velocity
C= 3*108 m/s
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)


22. OPEN PIPE FREQUENCY (Frequency/Harmonic series of a pipe opened at both ends)
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
F= n * vel/2L n= 1 - 2 - 3... (L= length of pipe) (?=2L/n)
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)


23. Torque formula
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
Length stationary=Length moving/Y
Distance= velocity * time
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration


24. Work performed by charge displacement? (hopefully...won't have to know)
En= [Z²/n² * -13.6ev ] (Z is number of protons in atom's nucleus - n is energy level number)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)


25. Thin lens equation
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
Low
E= kq/r² (= f/q)
1/f= 1/di + 1/do


26. Heat of fusion/vaporization fromula
P=IV=I²R=V² /R = Fd/t= Force*velocity
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
Etotal= E rest + KE= mc² + (Y-1)mc²


27. Lenz's law
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.
F=GM1M2/r²
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)


28. If speed is high - index of refraction is....
A=v²/ r
Low
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²


29. Distance formula?
W=qVoltage. (think C* J/C and C's cancel out)
Etotal= E rest + KE= mc² + (Y-1)mc²
?IE= - W (work)
Distance= velocity * time


30. Relativistic factor Y formula
?= 4L + 1.6d
F=GM1M2/r²
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)


31. Moment of Inertia (a.k.a. rotational mass)
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
I=mr²
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)


32. How to find total magnification?

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33. Transformer formula

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34. Work (only in terms of charge and voltage) formula

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35. Newton's first law (Law of...)
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity
1.67*10?²7kg
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.


36. If speed is slow/low - index of refraction is...
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
A=v²/ r
Large/high
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)


37. Relativistic formula for (kinetic) energy
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
Difference between mass of nucleus and sum of it's constituent nucleons (protons/neutrons ...WHY?) energy lost when atom created. (That energy lost is the same energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons)
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)


38. ß? decay?
Minimal energy that needs to be imparted to an electron on metal surface in order to liberate it.
Difference between mass of nucleus and sum of it's constituent nucleons (protons/neutrons ...WHY?) energy lost when atom created. (That energy lost is the same energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons)
F=mv²/ r
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)


39. Binding energy formula
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)


40. ß? decay?
Energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons (same as energy lost to create atom.)
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration
6.6310 ?³4 Js
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)


41. Apparent weight (weight of submerged object)
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
PV/nT'= p'V'n'T' (p=pressure - V= VOLUME - T= temperature)
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)


42. (Full) Displacement formula
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)
E= V/d


43. Work function F is..?
V=IR
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
PE= 1/2 C (?V)² = 1/2 Q²/C = 1/2 Q?V
Minimal energy that needs to be imparted to an electron on metal surface in order to liberate it.


44. What is the photoelectric effect?
Momentum is always conserved in the absence of an outside force
Angle of incidence=Angle of reflection
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)


45. magnitude of charge on electron/proton
?IE= - W (work)
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
1.6*10?¹? C
Particles in motion can display wave characteristics - and behave as if they had wavelength (?= h/p)


46. Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.
Momentum is always conserved in the absence of an outside force
F= (9/5)C+ 32
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)


47. Voltage formula (for circuit - etc.)
N?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
Particles in motion can display wave characteristics - and behave as if they had wavelength (?= h/p)
V=IR
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²


48. speed of light
C= 3*108 m/s
A= A0 e ^ [-?t] (= activity at time t=0 e ^ ( - decay constant * time)
Angle of incidence=Angle of reflection
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|


49. Relativistic formula for velocity
Vstationary obj.= [u+v] / [1 + uv/c²] (where u is velocity of large object - and v is velocity of "thrown" object relative to large object)
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.
1.67*10?²7kg
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)


50. Formula for diffraction pattern - Anti-node to Anti-node (A-A)
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
N?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)