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SAT Subject Test: Physics Formulas

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Law of reflection
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
Angle of incidence=Angle of reflection
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)

2. Work formula
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
Minimal energy that needs to be imparted to an electron on metal surface in order to liberate it.

3. Magnetic force formula (for wire)?
E= kq/r² (= f/q)
Vstationary obj.= [u+v] / [1 + uv/c²] (where u is velocity of large object - and v is velocity of "thrown" object relative to large object)
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)
F= (9/5)C+ 32

4. Threshold frequency formula?

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5. Thin lens equation
Momentum is always conserved in the absence of an outside force
?= 4L + 1.6d
PE= 1/2 C (?V)² = 1/2 Q²/C = 1/2 Q?V
1/f= 1/di + 1/do

6. Magnification equation
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)
E= kq/r² (= f/q)

7. What is the photoelectric effect?
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
?= 4L + 1.6d
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)

8. Low frequency waves have...
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
Product of each lens's magnification
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.

9. If you drop an object into water the volume displaced equals...
A=v²/ r
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)
The volume of the object.
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)

10. Momentum formula?
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)
P=mv (?p=m?v)

11. Planck's constant in J*s?
6.6310 ?³4 Js
A=v²/ r
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
Difference between mass of nucleus and sum of it's constituent nucleons (protons/neutrons ...WHY?) energy lost when atom created. (That energy lost is the same energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons)

12. Relativistic formula for length
Threshold frequency=F/h (= work functions/planck's constant)
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
Length stationary=Length moving/Y

13. Formula for diffraction pattern - Anti-node to node (A-N)
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.
N= C/velocity.
Large/high
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)

14. Formula for energy levels within any atom?

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15. Capacitance constant
Zero.
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)

16. Sign of focus for convex lens?
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)

17. Newton's third law
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
E= kq/r² (= f/q)
Minimal energy that needs to be imparted to an electron on metal surface in order to liberate it.
Large/high

18. Relativistic formula for (kinetic) energy
P=IV=I²R=V² /R = Fd/t= Force*velocity
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
?=h/p (where p= MOMENTUM=m?v - and h is planck's constant)

19. Formula for electric field?
E= kq/r² (= f/q)
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
E= V/d
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

20. Formula for resistance of an OBJECT
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
1.67*10?²7kg
?= 4L + 1.6d
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

21. Beat frequency
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
N?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
Low

22. Velocity formula if time not given
PE=mgh
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad
Energy of emitted photon = E2-E1 (=Energy level higher- Energy level lower)
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)

23. ß? decay?
F=GM1M2/r²
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)
F= (9/5)C+ 32
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)

24. ß? decay?
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
V=f?

25. Gravitational constant
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity

26. If speed is high - index of refraction is....
En= [Z²/n² * -13.6ev ] (Z is number of protons in atom's nucleus - n is energy level number)
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)
Low
C= 3*108 m/s

27. Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²
F= (9/5)C+ 32
F=mv²/ r

28. Law of refraction
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r
Fingers= Magnetic Field - Thumb=Velocity - Palm of hand= Force. RH=Proton - LH= electron.
Atom + electron--> Neutron (the addition of an electron - °?1e - causes a proton to change into a neutron - i.e. PROTON TRANSFORMS)
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration

29. Conversion factor from atomic mass units to MeV?
1/f= 1/di + 1/do
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
931MeV=1amu
V=IR

30. Correction factor for wavelength in a diffraction experiment (probably don't have to know)
Low
4.14 10?¹5 eVs
?= 4L + 1.6d
C= Q/V = e0 *A/d

31. Work function F is..?
A= A0 e ^ [-?t] (= activity at time t=0 e ^ ( - decay constant * time)
Minimal energy that needs to be imparted to an electron on metal surface in order to liberate it.
E= V/d
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|

32. Formula for velocity of waves?
4.14 10?¹5 eVs
931MeV=1amu
V=f?
?= 4L + 1.6d

33. If speed is slow/low - index of refraction is...
Large/high
W=qVoltage. (think C* J/C and C's cancel out)
N?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
N= C/velocity.

34. Power formula?
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
4.14 10?¹5 eVs
?= 4L + 1.6d
P=IV=I²R=V² /R = Fd/t= Force*velocity

35. Heat formula
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)

36. Lenz's law
Zero.
4.14 10?¹5 eVs
?IE= - W (work)
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.

37. Ideal gas law
Distance= velocity * time
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)
PV/nT'= p'V'n'T' (p=pressure - V= VOLUME - T= temperature)
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)

38. Electric force formula? (two)
Atom + electron--> Neutron (the addition of an electron - °?1e - causes a proton to change into a neutron - i.e. PROTON TRANSFORMS)
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
?IE= - W (work)
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)

39. OPEN PIPE FREQUENCY (Frequency/Harmonic series of a pipe opened at both ends)
F= n * vel/2L n= 1 - 2 - 3... (L= length of pipe) (?=2L/n)
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
The volume of the object.
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)

40. magnitude of charge on electron/proton
1.6*10?¹? C
Energy of emitted photon = E2-E1 (=Energy level higher- Energy level lower)
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)
Positive - focus in front of the lens (=real image)

41. Buoyant force formula
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
E= V/d
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity
N= C/velocity.

42. Index of refraction formula
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
?IE= - W (work)
N= C/velocity.

43. Capacitance formula? (there are two)
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
C= Q/V = e0 *A/d
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
F=mv²/ r

44. Graviational force formula
F=GM1M2/r²
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
N= C/velocity.
Fb= Bperp-to-areaAcos? (Measures density of magnetic field lines that cross through an area)

45. energy in a reaction q formula?
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
Etotal= E rest + KE= mc² + (Y-1)mc²
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)

46. mass of a proton/neutron (there's a slight difference but ignore it - neutron has slightly more mass)
KE=1/2mv²
1.67*10?²7kg
F=GM1M2/r²
F=mv²/ r

47. speed of light
Eff= 1- Qc/Qh = 1- Tc/Th
C= 3*108 m/s
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage

48. Formula for magnetic flux?
Fb= Bperp-to-areaAcos? (Measures density of magnetic field lines that cross through an area)
1.6*10?¹? C
Zero.
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)

49. Electric field between two plates formula?
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
E= V/d

50. Formula for how velocity changes in air? (probably don't have to know)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
P=IV=I²R=V² /R = Fd/t= Force*velocity
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
E= kq/r² (= f/q)