SAT Subject Test: Physics Formulas

Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Critical angle is...
I=mr²
W=qVoltage. (think C* J/C and C's cancel out)
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)


2. Internal energy....equals?
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
?IE= - W (work)
N= C/velocity.
931MeV=1amu


3. Formula for diffraction pattern - Anti-node to Anti-node (A-A)
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
I=mr²
N?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
1.67*10?²7kg


4. Capacitance constant
N= C/velocity.
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity
Etotal= E rest + KE= mc² + (Y-1)mc²
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)


5. Relativistic formula for (kinetic) energy
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)
C= Q/V = e0 *A/d


6. Apparent weight (weight of submerged object)
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)
E= kq/r² (= f/q)
V=IR
1.6*10?¹? C


7. Formula for velocity of waves?
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
V=f?
Threshold frequency=F/h (= work functions/planck's constant)
Zero.


8. Moment of Inertia (a.k.a. rotational mass)
PE= 1/2 C (?V)² = 1/2 Q²/C = 1/2 Q?V
I=mr²
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)


9. High frequency wave shave...
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)
En= [Z²/n² * -13.6ev ] (Z is number of protons in atom's nucleus - n is energy level number)
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted


10. Work performed by charge displacement? (hopefully...won't have to know)
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)
V=IR
4.14 10?¹5 eVs
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.


11. Elastic potential energy for a spring formula
Voltage=PE/q (remember Joules/Coulomb= volt)
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.
PEspring= 1/2 kx² (K is spring constant - X is distance spring compressed)


12. (Full) Displacement formula
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad
Difference between mass of nucleus and sum of it's constituent nucleons (protons/neutrons ...WHY?) energy lost when atom created. (That energy lost is the same energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons)
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)


13. speed of light
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)
C= 3*108 m/s
F=mv²/ r


14. Formula for diffraction pattern - Anti-node to node (A-N)
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)
Eff= 1- Qc/Qh = 1- Tc/Th


15. deBroglie wavelength explanation
Particles in motion can display wave characteristics - and behave as if they had wavelength (?= h/p)
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)


16. energy in a reaction q formula?
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)
C= 3*108 m/s
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)


17. Torque formula
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)


18. Work function F is..?
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
Zero.
I=mr²
Minimal energy that needs to be imparted to an electron on metal surface in order to liberate it.


19. Gravitational constant
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
The volume of the object.
PEspring= 1/2 kx² (K is spring constant - X is distance spring compressed)
Zero.


20. Thin lens equation
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r
1/f= 1/di + 1/do
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)


21. Voltage formula (think units of volts are what?) (NOT in terms of I and R)
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
Voltage=PE/q (remember Joules/Coulomb= volt)
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)


22. OPEN PIPE FREQUENCY (Frequency/Harmonic series of a pipe opened at both ends)
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)
F= n * vel/2L n= 1 - 2 - 3... (L= length of pipe) (?=2L/n)
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted


23. Relativistic formula for length
F=mv²/ r
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
Length stationary=Length moving/Y
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²


24. Newton's third law
PE=mgh
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
PE= 1/2 C (?V)² = 1/2 Q²/C = 1/2 Q?V


25. Work (only in terms of charge and voltage) formula

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26. Electron capture
Atom + electron--> Neutron (the addition of an electron - °?1e - causes a proton to change into a neutron - i.e. PROTON TRANSFORMS)
Fnet=ma
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²


27. Ideal gas law
Eff= 1- Qc/Qh = 1- Tc/Th
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²


28. Formula for electric field?
A=v²/ r
KE=1/2mv²
F=mv²/ r
E= kq/r² (= f/q)


29. (Full/Final) Velocity formula
Vfinal= V0 +at
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
E= V/d


30. Heat of fusion/vaporization fromula
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
?IE= - W (work)
PE= 1/2 C (?V)² = 1/2 Q²/C = 1/2 Q?V


31. Planck's constant in electronvolts* seconds?
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
F=mv²/ r
Low
4.14 10?¹5 eVs


32. Formula for energy levels within any atom?

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33. Formula for resistance of an OBJECT
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
Eff= 1- Qc/Qh = 1- Tc/Th
4.14 10?¹5 eVs
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)


34. Activity of a radioactive sample formula? (probably don't have to know)
Atom + electron--> Neutron (the addition of an electron - °?1e - causes a proton to change into a neutron - i.e. PROTON TRANSFORMS)
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)
A= A0 e ^ [-?t] (= activity at time t=0 e ^ ( - decay constant * time)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)


35. Velocity formula if time not given
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²


36. deBrolglie wavelength formula

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37. magnitude of charge on electron/proton
V=f?
C= Q/V = e0 *A/d
1.6*10?¹? C
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)


38. Electric field between two plates formula?
E= V/d
PEspring= 1/2 kx² (K is spring constant - X is distance spring compressed)
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)


39. Conservation of momentum
Etotal= E rest + KE= mc² + (Y-1)mc²
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
Momentum is always conserved in the absence of an outside force
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r


40. Threshold frequency explanation?
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
Angle of incidence=Angle of reflection
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)


41. If speed is high - index of refraction is....
Low
F= n * vel/2L n= 1 - 2 - 3... (L= length of pipe) (?=2L/n)
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
W=qVoltage. (think C* J/C and C's cancel out)


42. How to find total magnification?

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43. Planck's constant in J*s?
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
6.6310 ?³4 Js
The volume of the object.
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)


44. Energy of an emitted photon formula?
1.67*10?²7kg
Threshold frequency=F/h (= work functions/planck's constant)
Distance= velocity * time
Energy of emitted photon = E2-E1 (=Energy level higher- Energy level lower)


45. Law of refraction
The volume of the object.
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration


46. Electric force formula? (two)
?V2/?V1= N2/N1 (if secondary greater than primary it's a step-up transformer).
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²


47. New/old gas formula?

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48. Binding energy explanation
Energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons (same as energy lost to create atom.)
C= 3*108 m/s
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.
4.14 10?¹5 eVs


49. Work formula
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
Etotal= E rest + KE= mc² + (Y-1)mc²
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)


50. Threshold frequency formula?

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