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SAT Subject Test: Physics Formulas

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Graviational force formula
A= A0 e ^ [-?t] (= activity at time t=0 e ^ ( - decay constant * time)
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)
1/f= 1/di + 1/do
F=GM1M2/r²

2. Threshold frequency formula?

3. Centripetal force formula
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)
F=mv²/ r
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted

4. Elastic potential energy for a spring formula
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration
PEspring= 1/2 kx² (K is spring constant - X is distance spring compressed)
Threshold frequency=F/h (= work functions/planck's constant)
Vstationary obj.= [u+v] / [1 + uv/c²] (where u is velocity of large object - and v is velocity of "thrown" object relative to large object)

5. Mass defect explanation

6. Potential Energy formula
PE=mgh
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)

7. Voltage formula (for circuit - etc.)
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
Threshold frequency=F/h (= work functions/planck's constant)
Low
V=IR

8. Kinetic Energy formula
P=mv (?p=m?v)
KE=1/2mv²
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
PE=mgh

9. Centripetal acceleration formula
I=mr²
A=v²/ r
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)
Difference between mass of nucleus and sum of it's constituent nucleons (protons/neutrons ...WHY?) energy lost when atom created. (That energy lost is the same energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons)

10. Formula for electric potential energy?
PEspring= 1/2 kx² (K is spring constant - X is distance spring compressed)
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²
PE= 1/2 C (?V)² = 1/2 Q²/C = 1/2 Q?V
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad

11. Formula for velocity of waves?
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)
V=f?
Product of each lens's magnification

12. Total KE formula
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)
En= [Z²/n² * -13.6ev ] (Z is number of protons in atom's nucleus - n is energy level number)
Etotal= E rest + KE= mc² + (Y-1)mc²
P=mv (?p=m?v)

13. K constant for electric field formula?
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²
PV/nT'= p'V'n'T' (p=pressure - V= VOLUME - T= temperature)
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
KE=1/2mv²

14. Sign of focus for concave lens?
?=h/p (where p= MOMENTUM=m?v - and h is planck's constant)
1.67*10?²7kg
Positive - focus in front of the lens (=real image)
F=mv²/ r

15. Torque formula
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration
1.6*10?¹? C
Angle of incidence=Angle of reflection
?V2/?V1= N2/N1 (if secondary greater than primary it's a step-up transformer).

16. ß? decay?
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.
PV=nRT (p= pressure - V= volume - n= number of moles - T= temperature in KELVIN - R= .0821)

17. Magnification equation
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
A=v²/ r
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)

18. Distance formula?
Distance= velocity * time
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
1/f= 1/di + 1/do

19. ß? decay?
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)
Eff= 1- Qc/Qh = 1- Tc/Th

20. Newton's second law
Fnet=ma
Eff= 1- Qc/Qh = 1- Tc/Th
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
C= 3*108 m/s

21. Heat formula
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)
Difference between mass of nucleus and sum of it's constituent nucleons (protons/neutrons ...WHY?) energy lost when atom created. (That energy lost is the same energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons)
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)

22. Relativistic factor Y formula
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
F= (9/5)C+ 32
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)
E= V/d

23. Efficiency of an engine formula
Large/high
Eff= 1- Qc/Qh = 1- Tc/Th
F=GM1M2/r²
Fnet=ma

24. Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius
A= A0 e ^ [-?t] (= activity at time t=0 e ^ ( - decay constant * time)
F= (9/5)C+ 32
En= [Z²/n² * -13.6ev ] (Z is number of protons in atom's nucleus - n is energy level number)
N= C/velocity.

25. Electric force formula? (two)
1.6*10?¹? C
Vfinal= V0 +at
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²

26. Velocity formula if time not given
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)
Etotal= E rest + KE= mc² + (Y-1)mc²

27. (Full) Displacement formula
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.

28. Binding energy explanation
PE=mgh
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
Energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons (same as energy lost to create atom.)
P=mv (?p=m?v)

29. Lenz's law
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
V=f?
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.
Difference between mass of nucleus and sum of it's constituent nucleons (protons/neutrons ...WHY?) energy lost when atom created. (That energy lost is the same energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons)

30. Capacitance constant
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
The volume of the object.
F=mv²/ r
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage

31. Conservation of momentum
P=mv (?p=m?v)
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
V=IR
Momentum is always conserved in the absence of an outside force

32. Activity of a radioactive sample formula? (probably don't have to know)
A= A0 e ^ [-?t] (= activity at time t=0 e ^ ( - decay constant * time)
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature

33. Binding energy formula
?IE= - W (work)
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
Energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons (same as energy lost to create atom.)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)

34. Light intensity is proportional to..
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration
Difference between mass of nucleus and sum of it's constituent nucleons (protons/neutrons ...WHY?) energy lost when atom created. (That energy lost is the same energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons)

35. Apparent weight (weight of submerged object)
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
1.67*10?²7kg

36. Electron capture
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
C= Q/V = e0 *A/d
Atom + electron--> Neutron (the addition of an electron - °?1e - causes a proton to change into a neutron - i.e. PROTON TRANSFORMS)
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature

37. Transformer formula

38. Faraday's law
KE=1/2mv²
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)
I=mr²
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)

39. ONE END CAPPED PIPE FREQUENCY (Frequency/Harmonic series of a pipe closed at one ned)
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
Distance= velocity * time

40. Relativistic formula for (kinetic) energy
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)
Induced current will flow opposite direction of magnetic flux.
?=h/p (where p= MOMENTUM=m?v - and h is planck's constant)

41. Relativistic formula for velocity
1.67*10?²7kg
Vstationary obj.= [u+v] / [1 + uv/c²] (where u is velocity of large object - and v is velocity of "thrown" object relative to large object)
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)
PV/nT'= p'V'n'T' (p=pressure - V= VOLUME - T= temperature)

42. Buoyant force formula
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity
C= 3*108 m/s
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration
?IE= - W (work)

43. Impulse formula
C= Q/V = e0 *A/d
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)
?p=f?t (where f is AVERAGE force and t is how long force is applied)
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)

44. (Full/Final) Velocity formula
A=v²/ r
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
Distance= velocity * time
Vfinal= V0 +at

45. Work (only in terms of charge and voltage) formula

46. speed of light
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.
PV/nT'= p'V'n'T' (p=pressure - V= VOLUME - T= temperature)
C= 3*108 m/s
Minimal energy that needs to be imparted to an electron on metal surface in order to liberate it.

47. Formula for diffraction pattern - Anti-node to node (A-N)
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
Fnet=ma
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)

48. energy in a reaction q formula?
Product of each lens's magnification
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)

49. Moment of Inertia (a.k.a. rotational mass)
I=mr²
Fingers= Magnetic Field - Thumb=Velocity - Palm of hand= Force. RH=Proton - LH= electron.
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)

50. Relativistic formula for time
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature