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SAT Subject Test: Physics Formulas

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Law of refraction
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
F=mv²/ r
I=mr²

2. Mass defect explanation

3. (Full) Displacement formula
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r
En= [Z²/n² * -13.6ev ] (Z is number of protons in atom's nucleus - n is energy level number)
S= 1/2at² + v0t+ d0 (intial distance is often ignored because we decide where we want to start)
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted

4. Newton's second law
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad
1/f= 1/di + 1/do
A= A0 e ^ [-?t] (= activity at time t=0 e ^ ( - decay constant * time)
Fnet=ma

5. Gravitational constant
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
Positive - focus in front of the lens (=real image)
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
Minimal energy that needs to be imparted to an electron on metal surface in order to liberate it.

6. Work formula
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
F= n * vel/2L n= 1 - 2 - 3... (L= length of pipe) (?=2L/n)

7. Thin lens equation
K= 9 * 10? Nm²/C²
1/f= 1/di + 1/do
Ebinding= ?m * c² (= (?m)c²)
V=IR

8. Light intensity is proportional to..
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
P=mv (?p=m?v)

9. Faraday's law
Atom + electron--> Neutron (the addition of an electron - °?1e - causes a proton to change into a neutron - i.e. PROTON TRANSFORMS)
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)

10. Beat frequency
Positive - focus in front of the lens (=real image)
I=mr²
Beat frequency= |F1-F2|
Vfinal= V0 +at

11. OPEN PIPE FREQUENCY (Frequency/Harmonic series of a pipe opened at both ends)
The volume of the object.
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)
F= n * vel/2L n= 1 - 2 - 3... (L= length of pipe) (?=2L/n)
F=mv²/ r

12. Formula for electric potential energy?
PE= 1/2 C (?V)² = 1/2 Q²/C = 1/2 Q?V
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
Neutron --> Proton + electron ( + electron-antineutrino - V with line over it) ( °?1e produced)

13. If speed is slow/low - index of refraction is...
Large/high
Fingers= Magnetic Field - Thumb=Velocity - Palm of hand= Force. RH=Proton - LH= electron.
Minimal energy that needs to be imparted to an electron on metal surface in order to liberate it.
E= kq/r² (= f/q)

14. How to find total magnification?

15. Voltage formula (think units of volts are what?) (NOT in terms of I and R)
En= [Z²/n² * -13.6ev ] (Z is number of protons in atom's nucleus - n is energy level number)
Voltage=PE/q (remember Joules/Coulomb= volt)
Low
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)

16. Critical angle is...
I=mr²
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)
Angle of incidence=Angle of reflection

17. Planck's constant in J*s?
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
Length stationary=Length moving/Y
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
6.6310 ?³4 Js

18. deBroglie wavelength explanation
931MeV=1amu
N= C/velocity.
Particles in motion can display wave characteristics - and behave as if they had wavelength (?= h/p)
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration

19. Heat of fusion/vaporization fromula
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.
Large/high
Q=m*L (where L is the latent heat of fusion or vaporization)
C= 3*108 m/s

20. Efficiency of an engine formula
Eff= 1- Qc/Qh = 1- Tc/Th
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration
F= (9/5)C+ 32
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)

21. If you drop an object into water the volume displaced equals...
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
KEmax= hf-F (= E-F= Energy of a photon - work function)
The volume of the object.
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)

22. Newton's first law (Law of...)
Intensity a Amplitude/ d²
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
KE=1/2mv²
Law of inertia. Object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

23. deBrolglie wavelength formula

24. Magnetic force formula (for wire)?
W=qVoltage. (think C* J/C and C's cancel out)
EMFavg. induced= -?Fb/ ?t (= - change in mag flux/change in time)
Difference between mass of nucleus and sum of it's constituent nucleons (protons/neutrons ...WHY?) energy lost when atom created. (That energy lost is the same energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons)
F=ILBsin? (?= angle btw. L and B)

25. Relativistic formula for time
Vfinal= V0 +at
?Tstationary= Y (?Tmoving)
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
En= [Z²/n² * -13.6ev ] (Z is number of protons in atom's nucleus - n is energy level number)

26. Energy of an emitted photon formula?
M= -di/do (=-hi/ho)
Energy of emitted photon = E2-E1 (=Energy level higher- Energy level lower)
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
KE= (Y-1)mc² (= (Y-1)E)

27. Heat formula
Q=mc?T (where T is temperature)
A=v²/ r
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
PEspring= 1/2 kx² (K is spring constant - X is distance spring compressed)

28. Moment of Inertia (a.k.a. rotational mass)
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
I=mr²
E0= 8.85 * 10?¹² C²/(Nm²)
Torque=force perpendicular to radius r = fr Toruqe=Ia = inertia * angular acceleration

29. Internal energy....equals?
?= 4L + 1.6d
V=IR
Product of each lens's magnification
?IE= - W (work)

30. energy in a reaction q formula?
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)
The volume of the object.
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
Large/high

31. New/old gas formula?

32. Graviational force formula
G= 6.67 * 10?¹¹ Nm²/kg²
F=GM1M2/r²
E= V/d
Q= [(mass of A + mass of B) - (mass of C + mass of D)] c² (where A+B-->C+D)

33. Apparent weight (weight of submerged object)
Fingers= Magnetic Field - Thumb=Velocity - Palm of hand= Force. RH=Proton - LH= electron.
Energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons (same as energy lost to create atom.)
Apparent weight = Fb- weight= (mfg) - (m0g) = (mass of displaced fluid gravity) - (initial mass of object while hanging in air gravity) = (DfVfg)- (DoVog)
Momentum is always conserved in the absence of an outside force

34. What is the photoelectric effect?
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
Proton--> Neutron + positron (+ electron-neutrino - v) (° +1 e is produced)
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)

35. Formula for how velocity changes in air? (probably don't have to know)
Negative - focus behind the lens (= virtual image)
V= 331 m/s + (.6 m/s°C)Temperature
Force magnetic= |q|vBsin? (=qVperpendicularB) (?= angle between v and B)
P=IV=I²R=V² /R = Fd/t= Force*velocity

36. Relativistic factor Y formula
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)
W=(Force parallel)(distance)= Pressure ? V (change in volume)= qvoltage
Minimum frequency that needs to illuminate a metal surface for photoELECTRONS to be emitted
Y= 1/ v(1-(v/c)²)

37. Work performed by charge displacement? (hopefully...won't have to know)
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
Energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons (same as energy lost to create atom.)
Angle of incidence=Angle of reflection
W= - kq1q2 (1/r2 - 1/r1)

38. Formula for diffraction pattern - Anti-node to Anti-node (A-A)
N?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
E= kq/r² (= f/q)
4.14 10?¹5 eVs

39. High frequency wave shave...
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
E= V/d
V=f?
Shorter ? - less diffraction - bigger shadow.

40. Voltage formula (for circuit - etc.)
Fingers= Magnetic Field - Thumb=Velocity - Palm of hand= Force. RH=Proton - LH= electron.
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
Ni sin?i=nrsin?r
V=IR

41. Formula for energy of a photon?

42. Work (only in terms of charge and voltage) formula

43. Buoyant force formula
A=v²/ r
F=mv²/ r
Fb= mass of displaced fluid * gravity
Distance= velocity * time

44. Low frequency waves have...
E= V/d
(n-1/2)?/ d= x/L (where x =distance between c and the anti-node - L =distance from screen to source - n=number anti-node - and d = distance between the slits)
A=v²/ r
Longer ? - larger diffraction - smaller shadow.

45. Velocity formula if time not given
PV/nT'= p'V'n'T' (p=pressure - V= VOLUME - T= temperature)
E=hf (= Planck's constant*frequency)
P=IV=I²R=V² /R = Fd/t= Force*velocity
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad

46. Electric force formula? (two)
The incident angle at which total internal reflection occurs (use ?r=90°)
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)
Felec=qE=[kq1q2]/r²
The release of electrons due to bombardment of an atom by photons (groups of quanta/bundles of matter)

47. Binding energy explanation
Fb= Bperp-to-areaAcos? (Measures density of magnetic field lines that cross through an area)
Fingers= Magnetic Field - Thumb=Velocity - Palm of hand= Force. RH=Proton - LH= electron.
Energy it takes to break a nucleus into separate protons and neutrons (same as energy lost to create atom.)
Vfinal= V0 +at

48. Threshold frequency formula?

49. Centripetal acceleration formula
F= n * vel./ 4L n= 1 - 3 - 5.... (L= length of pipe) (?=4L/n)
Vfinal²=V0²+ 2ad
A=v²/ r
R= ?L/A = (resistivity)(length of wire) / (cross sectional Area)

50. Newton's third law
Particles in motion can display wave characteristics - and behave as if they had wavelength (?= h/p)
?V2/?V1= N2/N1 (if secondary greater than primary it's a step-up transformer).
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Momentum is always conserved in the absence of an outside force