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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Insko (1965)
Self Enhancing Bias`
High End of the Continuum
2. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Self Concept
(Amabile) Adult Participants
'Cold' Prejudice
Implicit Egoism
3. Doing something because you want to.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Intrinsic Motivation
Key Factor of MLA
4. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
The Elaboration Continuum
Self-Perception Theory
Common Peripheral Cues
Low End of the Continuum
5. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Individuals High in NFC
Behavioral= Discrimination
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
6. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Big 3 Categories
Individuals Low in NFC
Self Complexity
7. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Stereotyping is generally associated with
High End of the Continuum
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
8. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Why AOD?
Staats and Staats (1957)
9. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Self Expression
Implicit Egoism
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Discrimination
10. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self Handicapped
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Social Learning Explanation
11. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Implicit Association Test
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Over Justification Effect
12. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
ABC Model
Staats and Staats (1957)
13. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Low End of the Continuum
Self Expression
Self Enhancing Bias`
Cognitive Consistency Theories
14. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
15. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Key Factor of MLA
Cacioppo (1983) UI
16. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Common Peripheral Cues
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Big 3 Categories
17. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Pros of Categorization
Self Concept
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Pelham) Positive Association
18. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
'Ought' selves
The Need to Belong
The Elaboration Continuum
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
19. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Implicit Association Test
Modern research on stereotypes
(Pelham) Positive Association
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
20. Superficial Processing.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
'Cold' Prejudice
21. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Central Route
Contact Hypothesis
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Terror Management Theory
22. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
(PCG) Results
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
23. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Social Categorization
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Self Presentation
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
24. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Implicit Egoism
Individuals Low in NFC
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
High Elaboration (Central Route
25. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(Pelham) Positive Association
26. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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27. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Self Concept
Problems of MLA
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Cognitive= Stereotypes
28. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Low End of the Continuum
'Hot' Prejudice
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
'Ideal' selves
29. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Common Peripheral Cues
Staats and Staats (1957)
Self Enhancing Bias`
The Need to Belong
30. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
The Elaboration Continuum
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Discrimination
Discrimination
31. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Individuals High in NFC
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Over Justification Effect
According to SPT
32. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Self Esteem
Pros of Categorization
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Insko (1965) Results
33. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
High End of the Continuum
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Subtype
Big 3 Categories
34. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
'Hot' Prejudice
Implicit Egoism
'Cold' Prejudice
35. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
36. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Social Comparison Theory
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
According to SPT
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
37. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Implicit Egoism
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Self-Perception Theory
38. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Message Processing Theories
Terror Management Theory
39. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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40. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Subtype
Self Expression
Affective= Prejudice
41. Stereotyping Increases as.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Common Peripheral Cues
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Central Route
42. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
'Ought' selves
High Self Monitors
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Classical Conditioning
43. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
According to SPT
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
44. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Message Learning Approach Claims
The Need to Belong
45. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
'Cold' Prejudice
Big 3 Categories
Authoritarian Personality
Need For Cognition NFC
46. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Implicit Egoism
Self Complexity
2 Components of The Social Self
47. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Operant Conditioning
Self Enhancing Bias`
Self-Perception Theory
Why AOD?
48. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Self Handicapped
Peripheral Route
Self Presentation
Insko (1965) Results
49. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Why AOD?
Cacioppo (1983) UI
'Hot' Prejudice
Self Esteem
50. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Key Factor of MLA
Authoritarian Personality
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games