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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Implicit Association Test
Social Categorization
Affective= Prejudice
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
2. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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3. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Modern research on stereotypes
Low End of the Continuum
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
4. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Implicit Association Test
Pros of Categorization
Prejudice
5. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
High Elaboration (Central Route
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
6. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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7. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
According to Self-perception Theory
(Klein) False Feedback
Insko (1965) Results
Individuals High in NFC
8. Superficial Processing.
According to Self-perception Theory
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Big 3 Categories
9. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Self Esteem
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
10. The people we think we should be.
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11. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self Concept
12. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Self Complexity
Implicit Egoism
13. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
(PCG) Results
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Message Learning Approach Claims
14. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
2 Components of The Social Self
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(PCG) Results
15. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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16. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Extrinsic Motivation
Common Peripheral Cues
Individuals High in NFC
Over Justification Effect
17. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Intrinsic Motivation
Message Learning Approach Claims
The Need to Belong
(Klein) False Feedback
18. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
(Pelham) Positive Association
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Contact Hypothesis
19. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Handicapped
(Amabile) Adult Participants
2 Components of The Social Self
Message Learning Approach
20. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Why AOD?
Cons of Categorization
Message Processing Theories
21. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Prejudice
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Authoritarian Personality
22. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Terror Management Theory
Central Route
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
23. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Pelham) Positive Association
'Cold' Prejudice
According to SPT
Message Processing Theories
24. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Self-Perception Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
The Elaboration Continuum
25. The people we think we should be.
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26. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Social Learning Explanation
Common Peripheral Cues
Implicit Association Test
Need For Cognition NFC
27. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Authoritarian Personality
Terror Management Theory
Why AOD?
28. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Self Esteem
Cacioppo (1983) UI
The Need to Belong
Low Self Monitors
29. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
30. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self-Perception Theory
(Klein) False Feedback
Message Learning Approach Claims
31. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Handicapped
(Shaetner) Shocks
32. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Why AOD?
Self Expression
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
33. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
High Elaboration (Central Route
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Social Comparison Theory
34. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Implicit Association Test
Common Peripheral Cues
(Shaetner) Shocks
Self Monitoring
35. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
High Self Monitors
Implicit Association Test
Implicit Egoism
Social Learning Explanation
36. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Classical Conditioning
Social Categorization
37. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Extrinsic Motivation
Social Comparison Theory
(PCG) Results
38. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Self-Perception Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
The Need to Belong
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
39. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self-Perception Theory
Pros of Categorization
The Elaboration Continuum
40. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Individuals High in NFC
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Classical Conditioning
Self-Discrepancy Theory
41. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Self-Perception Theory
Intrinsic Motivation
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Contact Hypothesis
42. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Message Processing Theories
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Operant Conditioning
Common Peripheral Cues
43. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Insko (1965)
'Ought' selves
Central Route
Social Learning Explanation
44. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
According to SPT
Self Enhancing Bias`
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
45. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Key Factor of MLA
Stereotype
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
2 Components of The Social Self
46. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Intrinsic Motivation
High End of the Continuum
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Two Factor Theory of emotion
47. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Processing Theories
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Individuals High in NFC
Stereotyping is generally associated with
48. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Self Monitoring
49. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Implicit Egoism
According to SPT
Self Complexity
Self Esteem
50. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Problems of MLA