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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Prejudice
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
2. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Self Handicapped
(PCG) Results
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
3. The people we think we should be.
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4. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Self Esteem
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
5. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
'Hot' Prejudice
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Cacioppo (1983) UI
6. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Modern research on stereotypes
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Low End of the Continuum
Message Learning Approach Claims
7. The people we think we should be.
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8. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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9. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Prejudice
Pros of Categorization
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
10. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Self Esteem
Self Esteem
'Ought' selves
11. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
According to SPT
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
The Need to Belong
12. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Terror Management Theory
Self Enhancing Bias`
Stereotype
Need For Cognition NFC
13. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
According to Self-perception Theory
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Individuals High in NFC
Cognitive= Stereotypes
14. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Classical Conditioning
'Ought' selves
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Social Categorization
15. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Insko (1965)
16. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Over Justification Effect
Key Factor of MLA
Why AOD?
17. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
'Ought' selves
Operant Conditioning
Authoritarian Personality
Social Comparison Theory
18. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Low End of the Continuum
Social Categorization
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
19. Avoid effortful thinking.
Individuals Low in NFC
Cons of Categorization
Message Processing Theories
Implicit Association Test
20. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
High End of the Continuum
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Self Complexity
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
21. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Over Justification Effect
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Self Complexity
22. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
23. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
(Klein) False Feedback
Self Presentation
Big 3 Categories
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
24. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Classical Conditioning
Cacioppo (1983) UI
25. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Handicapped
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
26. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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27. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Social Comparison Theory
'Cold' Prejudice
28. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
'Cold' Prejudice
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
29. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Classical Conditioning
Problems of MLA
Subtype
30. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Insko (1965) Results
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
31. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Self Concept
Central Route
'Cold' Prejudice
Social Comparison Theory
32. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Need For Cognition NFC
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Affective= Prejudice
33. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Classical Conditioning
ABC Model
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
34. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Stereotype
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
35. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
'Ideal' selves
The Need to Belong
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
36. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Individuals High in NFC
Self Esteem
High End of the Continuum
Operant Conditioning
37. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
According to SPT
Prejudice
Individuals High in NFC
38. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Self-Perception Theory
Individuals Low in NFC
Self Presentation
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
39. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Over Justification Effect
Discrimination
Discrimination
40. Stereotyping Increases as.
According to SPT
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Operant Conditioning
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
41. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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42. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Problems of MLA
43. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(Shaetner) Shocks
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
44. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Klein) False Feedback
Message Processing Theories
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
45. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Prejudice
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
46. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Klein) False Feedback
Modern research on stereotypes
Extrinsic Motivation
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
47. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Affective= Prejudice
Self-Perception Theory
48. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Common Peripheral Cues
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
49. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
According to Self-perception Theory
Self Monitoring
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
50. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Prejudice
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Staats and Staats (1957)
According to Self-perception Theory