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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Classical Conditioning
High Elaboration (Central Route
2. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Low Self Monitors
3. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
ABC Model
Self Esteem
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Stereotype
4. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Message Learning Approach
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Staats and Staats (1957)
5. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Low Self Monitors
6. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Self-Perception Theory
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
7. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Self-Perception Theory
(Shaetner) Shocks
Operant Conditioning
Rebound Effect
8. The people we think we should be.
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9. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Individuals High in NFC
Over Justification Effect
10. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Contact Hypothesis
Need For Cognition NFC
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
11. Message Learning Approach
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Message Learning Approach Claims
Leaning Theories
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
12. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Self Expression
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
13. The people we want to be.
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14. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Insko (1965) Results
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Social Learning Explanation
Self Expression
15. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Cons of Categorization
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Stereotype
Self Monitoring
16. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Extrinsic Motivation
Self-Perception Theory
Prejudice
17. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Stereotype
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Low Self Monitors
18. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Pelham) Positive Association
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Contact Hypothesis
19. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Classical Conditioning
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
20. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Key Factor of MLA
(PCG) Results
21. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Social Categorization
Rebound Effect
Low End of the Continuum
22. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Message Learning Approach Claims
Over Justification Effect
23. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Intrinsic Motivation
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Stereotype
24. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Rebound Effect
Intrinsic Motivation
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
25. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
Self Presentation
Staats and Staats (1957)
Contact Hypothesis
(Klein) False Feedback
26. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
(Klein) False Feedback
Operant Conditioning
Problems of MLA
Need For Cognition NFC
27. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Discrimination
2 Components of The Social Self
High Elaboration (Central Route
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
28. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
The Need to Belong
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Self Monitoring
Message Processing Theories
29. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Insko (1965)
Insko (1965)
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Individuals Low in NFC
30. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Affective= Prejudice
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Modern research on stereotypes
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
31. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Cons of Categorization
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Self-Perception Theory
32. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Need For Cognition NFC
Insko (1965)
According to SPT
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
33. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Low Self Monitors
According to SPT
Self Presentation
34. Avoid effortful thinking.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Individuals Low in NFC
Subtype
According to SPT
35. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Why AOD?
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Extrinsic Motivation
36. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Authoritarian Personality
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
37. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Contact Hypothesis
38. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Big 3 Categories
2 Components of The Social Self
Self Concept
39. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Self Concept
Operant Conditioning
Message Processing Theories
Rebound Effect
40. The people we want to be.
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41. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Message Learning Approach
Big 3 Categories
2 Components of The Social Self
Insko (1965)
42. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Implicit Egoism
Self Esteem
43. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Behavioral= Discrimination
Low End of the Continuum
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
'Ought' selves
44. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Social Categorization
Pros of Categorization
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Central Route
45. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
According to Self-perception Theory
(Klein) False Feedback
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
46. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Central Route
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Classical Conditioning
47. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Social Comparison Theory
Stereotype
Operant Conditioning
48. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Prejudice
High Self Monitors
Self-Perception Theory
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
49. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Social Categorization
50. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
The Elaboration Continuum
Subtype
Self Monitoring
Insko (1965) Results