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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Superficial Processing.
Discrimination
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Key Factor of MLA
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
2. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Classical Conditioning
High Self Monitors
3. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Contact Hypothesis
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Enhancing Bias`
Affective= Prejudice
4. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Individuals Low in NFC
Discrimination
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Common Peripheral Cues
5. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Cognitive Consistency Theories
6. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Insko (1965) Results
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Self-Perception Theory
Social Categorization
7. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Self Handicapped
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Need For Cognition NFC
'Ideal' selves
8. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Individuals Low in NFC
2 Components of The Social Self
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
9. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Prejudice
Self-Discrepancy Theory
10. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
'Hot' Prejudice
Self Complexity
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
11. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Implicit Egoism
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Subtype
Behavioral= Discrimination
12. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Implicit Egoism
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
13. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Authoritarian Personality
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Pros of Categorization
The Need to Belong
14. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Social Learning Explanation
Terror Management Theory
The Elaboration Continuum
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
15. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Leaning Theories
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Subtype
16. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Terror Management Theory
Subtype
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Self-Perception Theory
17. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Discrimination
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Classical Conditioning
18. Stereotyping Increases as.
(PCG) Results
The Elaboration Continuum
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
19. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
(PCG) Results
Subtype
Intrinsic Motivation
Terror Management Theory
20. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Self Expression
Social Categorization
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
21. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Low End of the Continuum
Cons of Categorization
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Subtype
22. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Low End of the Continuum
(Shaetner) Shocks
According to SPT
Individuals High in NFC
23. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Discrimination
Self-Perception Theory
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
24. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
25. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
(PCG) Results
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Operant Conditioning
26. Central Route - Systematic Processing
High End of the Continuum
Contact Hypothesis
Central Route
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
27. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Over Justification Effect
Discrimination
Common Peripheral Cues
Self-Discrepancy Theory
28. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
'Ought' selves
Prejudice
Behavioral= Discrimination
High Elaboration (Central Route
29. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Self-Perception Theory
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Why AOD?
'Ideal' selves
30. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Social Categorization
Intrinsic Motivation
Implicit Association Test
Classical Conditioning
31. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Implicit Egoism
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Classical Conditioning
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
32. The people we want to be.
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33. Message Learning Approach
Leaning Theories
Low End of the Continuum
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Individuals Low in NFC
34. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Prejudice
According to Self-perception Theory
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Staats and Staats (1957)
35. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
2 Components of The Social Self
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Pros of Categorization
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
36. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self Presentation
Problems of MLA
37. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Classical Conditioning
According to SPT
Self Concept
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
38. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Insko (1965)
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self Expression
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
39. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
ABC Model
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
40. The people we think we should be.
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41. Avoid effortful thinking.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Low Self Monitors
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Individuals Low in NFC
42. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
2 Components of The Social Self
Operant Conditioning
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Modern research on stereotypes
43. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Processing Theories
Insko (1965)
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
High Elaboration (Central Route
44. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
2 Components of The Social Self
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Common Peripheral Cues
45. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Prejudice
Low End of the Continuum
Stereotype
Message Learning Approach
46. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
According to SPT
47. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Social Categorization
Problems of MLA
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
48. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
ABC Model
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Self Complexity
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
49. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Individuals Low in NFC
Social Learning Explanation
(Pelham) Positive Association
50. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Social Learning Explanation
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Common Peripheral Cues
Self Concept