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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(PCG) Results
Staats and Staats (1957)
Message Processing Theories
2. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Self Handicapped
Self Presentation
3. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Low End of the Continuum
Authoritarian Personality
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
4. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
According to SPT
Terror Management Theory
High Self Monitors
Self Complexity
5. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
2 Components of The Social Self
Social Categorization
Social Categorization
Insko (1965)
6. Doing something because you want to.
High End of the Continuum
Message Learning Approach Claims
Intrinsic Motivation
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
7. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Why AOD?
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
High Elaboration (Central Route
Two Factor Theory of emotion
8. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Self Complexity
High End of the Continuum
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Social Categorization
9. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
ABC Model
The Need to Belong
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
10. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Cons of Categorization
(PCG) Results
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Need For Cognition NFC
11. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Self-Perception Theory
'Hot' Prejudice
Subtype
Discrimination
12. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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13. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Terror Management Theory
Message Learning Approach Claims
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Implicit Egoism
14. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Self-Perception Theory
Cognitive= Stereotypes
'Ought' selves
15. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Self Complexity
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Modern research on stereotypes
16. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Individuals Low in NFC
Low End of the Continuum
Staats and Staats (1957)
17. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Insko (1965)
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Intrinsic Motivation
18. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Subtype
Social Learning Explanation
Stereotype
19. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Terror Management Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Classical Conditioning
Self Esteem
20. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Why AOD?
Self Concept
Low Self Monitors
High Self Monitors
21. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
High Self Monitors
Implicit Egoism
(Amabile) Adult Participants
22. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Terror Management Theory
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Authoritarian Personality
23. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
High Self Monitors
Self Presentation
Self Complexity
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
24. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Individuals Low in NFC
Prejudice
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Social Learning Explanation
25. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Terror Management Theory
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Central Route
Behavioral= Discrimination
26. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Need For Cognition NFC
(Klein) False Feedback
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
27. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Why AOD?
Key Factor of MLA
(PCG) Results
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
28. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Processing Theories
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Terror Management Theory
Cons of Categorization
29. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Extrinsic Motivation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
30. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
31. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Pelham) Positive Association
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Message Learning Approach
32. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Stereotype
Insko (1965)
Self Concept
33. Message Learning Approach
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Self Complexity
Need For Cognition NFC
Leaning Theories
34. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Pros of Categorization
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Need For Cognition NFC
Key Factor of MLA
35. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
Operant Conditioning
Pros of Categorization
Insko (1965) Results
36. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Two Factor Theory of emotion
The Elaboration Continuum
37. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Message Processing Theories
Implicit Association Test
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Message Learning Approach Claims
38. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Social Categorization
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Self-Discrepancy Theory
According to SPT
39. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Pros of Categorization
Implicit Egoism
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self-Discrepancy Theory
40. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Individuals Low in NFC
Affective= Prejudice
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Discrimination
41. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Rebound Effect
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
42. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Over Justification Effect
High Self Monitors
Peripheral Route
(Pelham) Positive Association
43. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
'Hot' Prejudice
Self-Perception Theory
Why AOD?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
44. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Insko (1965)
Two Factor Theory of emotion
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
45. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Why AOD?
Self Expression
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
46. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Klein) False Feedback
Affective= Prejudice
Stereotype
47. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Self-Perception Theory
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
According to Self-perception Theory
48. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Prejudice
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Self Handicapped
49. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Self Enhancing Bias`
Affective= Prejudice
Behavioral= Discrimination
50. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Insko (1965) Results
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Is Prejudice Hardwired?