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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Central Route
(Pelham) Positive Association
High Self Monitors
Cognitive= Stereotypes
2. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Self-Perception Theory
Affective= Prejudice
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Peripheral Route
3. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(PCG) Results
Cons of Categorization
Self-Perception Theory
4. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
High Self Monitors
Social Categorization
5. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Common Peripheral Cues
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Two Factor Theory of emotion
High Self Monitors
6. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
High End of the Continuum
According to SPT
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
7. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Implicit Association Test
Big 3 Categories
Implicit Association Test
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
8. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Self-Perception Theory
Self-Perception Theory
Prejudice
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
9. Message Learning Approach
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self-Perception Theory
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Leaning Theories
10. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
'Ideal' selves
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Self Concept
11. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
The Elaboration Continuum
Cognitive= Stereotypes
High End of the Continuum
Social Categorization
12. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
2 Components of The Social Self
Self Handicapped
The Elaboration Continuum
Low End of the Continuum
13. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
'Cold' Prejudice
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
14. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Intrinsic Motivation
The Need to Belong
Self Presentation
Self Concept
15. Superficial Processing.
Cons of Categorization
Modern research on stereotypes
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(Amabile) Adult Participants
16. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Terror Management Theory
Social Categorization
Self Complexity
Low End of the Continuum
17. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Affective= Prejudice
Message Learning Approach Claims
Key Factor of MLA
According to SPT
18. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self Esteem
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
19. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Social Comparison Theory
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Stereotyping is generally associated with
20. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Self Presentation
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Contact Hypothesis
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
21. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Intrinsic Motivation
Subtype
Social Learning Explanation
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
22. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Leaning Theories
23. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Cognitive Consistency Theories
The Elaboration Continuum
Self Monitoring
24. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Self Complexity
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Discrimination
25. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
'Ideal' selves
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Self-Perception Theory
26. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Prejudice
Implicit Egoism
Key Factor of MLA
Message Processing Theories
27. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Key Factor of MLA
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Big 3 Categories
28. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Peripheral Route
Why AOD?
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
29. Stereotyping Increases as.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
High Self Monitors
30. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Why AOD?
Self Monitoring
ABC Model
Individuals Low in NFC
31. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Rebound Effect
Leaning Theories
Terror Management Theory
According to SPT
32. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Problems of MLA
High Self Monitors
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
33. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Classical Conditioning
'Cold' Prejudice
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Cognitive= Stereotypes
34. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Social Categorization
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
35. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Peripheral Route
According to SPT
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Key Factor of MLA
36. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Why AOD?
According to SPT
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Authoritarian Personality
37. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Insko (1965)
(PCG) Results
Affective= Prejudice
Self Esteem
38. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Big 3 Categories
Authoritarian Personality
The Elaboration Continuum
Implicit Association Test
39. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Cons of Categorization
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(Amabile) Adult Participants
According to Self-perception Theory
40. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Extrinsic Motivation
Cons of Categorization
41. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Modern research on stereotypes
(Shaetner) Shocks
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
42. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Terror Management Theory
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
2 Components of The Social Self
43. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
44. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Rebound Effect
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Affective= Prejudice
45. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Two Factor Theory of emotion
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
46. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self Monitoring
High End of the Continuum
Self-Discrepancy Theory
47. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
48. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Authoritarian Personality
Two Factor Theory of emotion
2 Components of The Social Self
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
49. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Stereotype
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Problems of MLA
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
50. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Subtype
Central Route
Need For Cognition NFC
Insko (1965)