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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Self Presentation
Modern research on stereotypes
Contact Hypothesis
2. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Behavioral= Discrimination
3. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Affective= Prejudice
Self Presentation
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
4. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Why AOD?
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Discrimination
Contact Hypothesis
5. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Self Esteem
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Implicit Association Test
According to Self-perception Theory
6. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
7. Doing something because you want to.
Intrinsic Motivation
'Hot' Prejudice
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
8. Message Learning Approach
Message Processing Theories
Leaning Theories
'Cold' Prejudice
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
9. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Stereotype
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Need For Cognition NFC
10. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
The Elaboration Continuum
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Self Esteem
Central Route
11. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Self-Perception Theory
Self Monitoring
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
High End of the Continuum
12. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Extrinsic Motivation
Prejudice
13. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(PCG) Results
Discrimination
14. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Klein) False Feedback
Self Esteem
15. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Pelham) Positive Association
Common Peripheral Cues
16. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Individuals Low in NFC
ABC Model
Prejudice
Self Esteem
17. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Prejudice
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Affective= Prejudice
Insko (1965) Results
18. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Terror Management Theory
Affective= Prejudice
Why AOD?
19. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Over Justification Effect
Rebound Effect
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
20. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Insko (1965) Results
Prejudice
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
21. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Implicit Egoism
Self-Perception Theory
(Amabile) Adult Participants
High End of the Continuum
22. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Implicit Egoism
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Pros of Categorization
23. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
'Ought' selves
Self Handicapped
Need For Cognition NFC
Contact Hypothesis
24. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Individuals High in NFC
Low End of the Continuum
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
25. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Self Complexity
Self Monitoring
Need For Cognition NFC
Self Presentation
26. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Message Learning Approach
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Classical Conditioning
27. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Common Peripheral Cues
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
28. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Terror Management Theory
Cons of Categorization
Affective= Prejudice
29. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Self Expression
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Insko (1965)
30. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Central Route
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Implicit Egoism
(PCG) Results
31. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Individuals High in NFC
High Elaboration (Central Route
Two Factor Theory of emotion
32. Superficial Processing.
Social Learning Explanation
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Social Comparison Theory
Behavioral= Discrimination
33. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Discrimination
ABC Model
Low End of the Continuum
Peripheral Route
34. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Extrinsic Motivation
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Self-Discrepancy Theory
The Elaboration Continuum
35. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
According to SPT
Self Monitoring
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
36. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Stereotype
Self Monitoring
Message Learning Approach Claims
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
37. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Extrinsic Motivation
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self Presentation
38. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Subtype
Social Learning Explanation
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
'Hot' Prejudice
39. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Subtype
Authoritarian Personality
Social Learning Explanation
40. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Self Complexity
Cons of Categorization
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
'Ought' selves
41. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Social Categorization
Insko (1965) Results
42. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Low End of the Continuum
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Cons of Categorization
ABC Model
43. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Why AOD?
High End of the Continuum
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
44. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
'Hot' Prejudice
Self Esteem
According to Self-perception Theory
Message Learning Approach
45. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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46. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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47. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Klein) False Feedback
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
According to SPT
Message Processing Theories
48. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Self-Perception Theory
The Elaboration Continuum
Self Monitoring
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
49. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Need For Cognition NFC
(Amabile) Adult Participants
50. Stereotyping Increases as.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(PCG) Results
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Over Justification Effect