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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
'Ideal' selves
Two Factor Theory of emotion
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
2. Superficial Processing.
Self Handicapped
Individuals Low in NFC
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
3. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
'Ideal' selves
Self-Perception Theory
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Implicit Egoism
4. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Self Expression
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
5. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
'Ideal' selves
Intrinsic Motivation
Authoritarian Personality
6. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Pros of Categorization
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Rebound Effect
Why AOD?
7. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Insko (1965) Results
Individuals High in NFC
Insko (1965)
High End of the Continuum
8. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Klein) False Feedback
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
9. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Low Self Monitors
Contact Hypothesis
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
10. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Implicit Egoism
(Klein) False Feedback
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
11. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Common Peripheral Cues
Staats and Staats (1957)
Contact Hypothesis
(Pelham) Positive Association
12. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Implicit Association Test
Self Handicapped
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(PCG) Results
13. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
14. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Contact Hypothesis
Individuals High in NFC
15. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
16. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Message Processing Theories
(PCG) Results
Prejudice
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
17. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Prejudice
Extrinsic Motivation
2 Components of The Social Self
Individuals High in NFC
18. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
19. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Peripheral Route
Key Factor of MLA
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Behavioral= Discrimination
20. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Peripheral Route
21. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Low Self Monitors
(Amabile) Adult Participants
22. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Insko (1965) Results
Self Presentation
Social Categorization
Message Learning Approach Claims
23. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Why AOD?
Key Factor of MLA
24. Avoid effortful thinking.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Classical Conditioning
Individuals Low in NFC
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
25. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Subtype
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Klein) False Feedback
Cognitive= Stereotypes
26. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
According to Self-perception Theory
Self Complexity
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Why AOD?
27. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Big 3 Categories
Message Processing Theories
Self Presentation
28. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self-Perception Theory
Peripheral Route
29. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Self Handicapped
Extrinsic Motivation
30. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
According to Self-perception Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Why AOD?
31. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Subtype
ABC Model
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
32. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
2 Components of The Social Self
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(PCG) Results
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
33. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
34. Stereotyping Increases as.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Social Categorization
Message Learning Approach Claims
35. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Message Processing Theories
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
36. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Self Presentation
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Pros of Categorization
37. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Self Concept
Intrinsic Motivation
38. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Common Peripheral Cues
Self-Perception Theory
According to Self-perception Theory
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
39. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
2 Components of The Social Self
Subtype
According to SPT
ABC Model
40. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Contact Hypothesis
Individuals Low in NFC
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
41. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Implicit Egoism
Operant Conditioning
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Insko (1965) Results
42. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Implicit Association Test
43. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Low Self Monitors
'Ideal' selves
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self Monitoring
44. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
ABC Model
The Need to Belong
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Message Learning Approach
45. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
According to Self-perception Theory
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Implicit Egoism
Self-Discrepancy Theory
46. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Low End of the Continuum
47. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Terror Management Theory
Affective= Prejudice
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
48. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Classical Conditioning
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Stereotyping is generally associated with
49. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Big 3 Categories
2 Components of The Social Self
50. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
According to Self-perception Theory
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Staats and Staats (1957)