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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Self-Perception Theory
According to Self-perception Theory
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Authoritarian Personality
2. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Operant Conditioning
Contact Hypothesis
Social Categorization
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
3. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Authoritarian Personality
'Ought' selves
Staats and Staats (1957)
4. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Over Justification Effect
Social Learning Explanation
Peripheral Route
High Elaboration (Central Route
5. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Individuals High in NFC
Self-Perception Theory
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Self Monitoring
6. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Social Categorization
Over Justification Effect
Two Factor Theory of emotion
7. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Implicit Egoism
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(Amabile) Adult Participants
8. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Self Esteem
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Big 3 Categories
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
9. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Prejudice
Cacioppo (1983) UI
10. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
The Need to Belong
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Low Self Monitors
11. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Individuals Low in NFC
Self-Perception Theory
Rebound Effect
Implicit Egoism
12. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
13. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
14. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Key Factor of MLA
Self Complexity
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
15. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Self Presentation
According to SPT
Peripheral Route
Common Peripheral Cues
16. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Self Complexity
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
17. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Terror Management Theory
Self Presentation
18. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Over Justification Effect
Implicit Egoism
Individuals High in NFC
19. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Message Learning Approach
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
20. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
(Klein) False Feedback
Affective= Prejudice
Authoritarian Personality
Message Processing Theories
21. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Operant Conditioning
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
22. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Insko (1965)
Implicit Association Test
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Social Learning Explanation
23. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Key Factor of MLA
24. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Implicit Egoism
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
25. The people we think we should be.
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26. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
The Elaboration Continuum
Insko (1965) Results
Key Factor of MLA
Self-Perception Theory
27. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
The Elaboration Continuum
28. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Individuals Low in NFC
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Cognitive Consistency Theories
29. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Klein) False Feedback
Implicit Association Test
30. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Need For Cognition NFC
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Self Concept
Cons of Categorization
31. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Why AOD?
Behavioral= Discrimination
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
32. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Subtype
33. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Insko (1965)
Self Esteem
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
34. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Self Esteem
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Cons of Categorization
35. Doing something because you want to.
Message Processing Theories
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Intrinsic Motivation
36. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Message Learning Approach
Rebound Effect
37. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Rebound Effect
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
The Need to Belong
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
38. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(PCG) Results
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Cacioppo (1983) UI
39. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
High End of the Continuum
Self Concept
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
40. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Big 3 Categories
Self Enhancing Bias`
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Classical Conditioning
41. Superficial Processing.
Self Presentation
Rebound Effect
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Cons of Categorization
42. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Big 3 Categories
43. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Message Learning Approach
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Discrimination
44. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Prejudice
Modern research on stereotypes
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Leaning Theories
45. The people we want to be.
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46. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Self Expression
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Low Self Monitors
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
47. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
Stereotype
(Klein) False Feedback
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Implicit Egoism
48. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(PCG) Results
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
49. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Insko (1965) Results
High Elaboration (Central Route
Problems of MLA
Individuals Low in NFC
50. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Key Factor of MLA
Message Learning Approach Claims
Prejudice
Self-Discrepancy Theory