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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Need For Cognition NFC
Individuals High in NFC
Implicit Association Test
Key Factor of MLA
2. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Intrinsic Motivation
Affective= Prejudice
ABC Model
Modern research on stereotypes
3. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Self Concept
Low Self Monitors
High Self Monitors
4. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Authoritarian Personality
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
5. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self Monitoring
(Shaetner) Shocks
Self Concept
6. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Klein) False Feedback
High End of the Continuum
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Key Factor of MLA
7. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Self Monitoring
Extrinsic Motivation
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
8. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Implicit Egoism
(Shaetner) Shocks
Implicit Association Test
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
9. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Peripheral Route
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
High Elaboration (Central Route
Low End of the Continuum
10. Doing something because you want to.
Need For Cognition NFC
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Intrinsic Motivation
11. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Processing Theories
Low Self Monitors
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Klein) False Feedback
12. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Monitoring
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
ABC Model
13. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Operant Conditioning
Self-Perception Theory
Self Enhancing Bias`
'Hot' Prejudice
14. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Self Complexity
Prejudice
Leaning Theories
Self Monitoring
15. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Low End of the Continuum
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Message Processing Theories
'Cold' Prejudice
16. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Two Factor Theory of emotion
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
17. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Intrinsic Motivation
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
High Self Monitors
The Elaboration Continuum
18. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Self Concept
19. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Pros of Categorization
(Amabile) Adult Participants
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Contact Hypothesis
20. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
'Cold' Prejudice
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Message Processing Theories
'Ideal' selves
21. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
Implicit Egoism
Self Monitoring
High Self Monitors
22. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self Enhancing Bias`
Contact Hypothesis
23. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Self Complexity
Leaning Theories
Message Learning Approach Claims
24. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Need For Cognition NFC
Insko (1965)
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Shaetner) Shocks
25. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Behavioral= Discrimination
Classical Conditioning
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
26. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Self Enhancing Bias`
Over Justification Effect
27. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Key Factor of MLA
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self Complexity
Self Expression
28. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Modern research on stereotypes
Message Learning Approach
Authoritarian Personality
Key Factor of MLA
29. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Common Peripheral Cues
Self Expression
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
30. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Classical Conditioning
31. Avoid effortful thinking.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Individuals Low in NFC
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
32. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
High End of the Continuum
Subtype
Insko (1965) Results
(Amabile) Adult Participants
33. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Contact Hypothesis
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
34. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Insko (1965)
High Self Monitors
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Self-Discrepancy Theory
35. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
'Ideal' selves
Low Self Monitors
36. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Message Learning Approach Claims
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
37. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Self Esteem
The Need to Belong
38. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Self Presentation
Subtype
Social Categorization
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
39. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Operant Conditioning
Self Esteem
Individuals High in NFC
40. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Self Expression
Over Justification Effect
Self Concept
Self-Perception Theory
41. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Central Route
42. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Classical Conditioning
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Self Handicapped
Social Categorization
43. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Classical Conditioning
Common Peripheral Cues
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Individuals High in NFC
44. Stereotyping Increases as.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Subtype
45. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
46. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Contact Hypothesis
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
47. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Self Concept
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
48. The people we think we should be.
49. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Social Categorization
According to Self-perception Theory
The Elaboration Continuum
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
50. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
'Hot' Prejudice
Social Learning Explanation
Authoritarian Personality
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA