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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Self Esteem
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Concept
2. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
High Elaboration (Central Route
Stereotype
Extrinsic Motivation
3. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Cons of Categorization
Need For Cognition NFC
4. Stereotyping Increases as.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Social Categorization
High Elaboration (Central Route
5. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Central Route
Social Comparison Theory
'Cold' Prejudice
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
6. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
The Need to Belong
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
'Hot' Prejudice
7. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Prejudice
8. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Self Monitoring
The Elaboration Continuum
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
9. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Peripheral Route
Implicit Egoism
Common Peripheral Cues
Individuals Low in NFC
10. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(PCG) Results
Cons of Categorization
The Elaboration Continuum
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
11. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Concept
'Cold' Prejudice
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
12. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Low Self Monitors
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Low End of the Continuum
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
13. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Discrimination
Individuals High in NFC
Leaning Theories
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
14. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Key Factor of MLA
'Cold' Prejudice
Individuals Low in NFC
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
15. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Classical Conditioning
Self-Perception Theory
Cons of Categorization
Need For Cognition NFC
16. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self Enhancing Bias`
Affective= Prejudice
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
17. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
The Elaboration Continuum
Implicit Egoism
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
18. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
19. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Processing Theories
Classical Conditioning
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
20. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Operant Conditioning
Social Comparison Theory
Self Esteem
Low End of the Continuum
21. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
(Shaetner) Shocks
'Ought' selves
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
22. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Common Peripheral Cues
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Pros of Categorization
Authoritarian Personality
23. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Extrinsic Motivation
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Classical Conditioning
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
24. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
'Hot' Prejudice
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Implicit Association Test
Self Expression
25. Avoid effortful thinking.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Individuals Low in NFC
Self Complexity
26. Doing something because you want to.
Extrinsic Motivation
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Intrinsic Motivation
27. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Self Handicapped
Stereotype
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
28. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
'Ideal' selves
Terror Management Theory
Self Esteem
Over Justification Effect
29. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Extrinsic Motivation
Stereotype
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Social Learning Explanation
30. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Self Monitoring
Social Learning Explanation
The Need to Belong
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
31. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
32. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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33. Message Learning Approach
ABC Model
Social Comparison Theory
Message Learning Approach Claims
Leaning Theories
34. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Social Comparison Theory
Affective= Prejudice
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
35. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Behavioral= Discrimination
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
36. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
According to Self-perception Theory
Message Learning Approach Claims
Over Justification Effect
Extrinsic Motivation
37. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Need For Cognition NFC
Why AOD?
Self-Discrepancy Theory
38. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Problems of MLA
(PCG) Results
Message Learning Approach Claims
39. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
'Hot' Prejudice
Behavioral= Discrimination
Social Comparison Theory
Individuals High in NFC
40. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Self Handicapped
(Shaetner) Shocks
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
'Ideal' selves
41. Stereotyping Increases as.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self-Perception Theory
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self Concept
42. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
(Pelham) Positive Association
According to SPT
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Self Enhancing Bias`
43. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Self-Perception Theory
Self-Perception Theory
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
'Ideal' selves
44. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Prejudice
Intrinsic Motivation
Modern research on stereotypes
Self Presentation
45. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Social Learning Explanation
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
46. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Klein) False Feedback
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
47. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Pros of Categorization
Message Processing Theories
48. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Stereotype
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
49. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Self Esteem
Over Justification Effect
Need For Cognition NFC
Central Route
50. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Self Monitoring
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm