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Social Psychology
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Amabile) Adult Participants
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Central Route
2. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Cons of Categorization
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Common Peripheral Cues
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
3. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Authoritarian Personality
Operant Conditioning
Problems of MLA
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
4. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Problems of MLA
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Insko (1965)
Low Self Monitors
5. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
According to Self-perception Theory
Rebound Effect
Insko (1965)
Contact Hypothesis
6. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Self Presentation
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Contact Hypothesis
(Shaetner) Shocks
7. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Need For Cognition NFC
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Cognitive= Stereotypes
ABC Model
8. Superficial Processing.
Affective= Prejudice
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Stereotype
Intrinsic Motivation
9. Superficial Processing.
Self Presentation
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Need For Cognition NFC
Low Self Monitors
10. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Self Presentation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
11. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Self Concept
12. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
'Ideal' selves
Need For Cognition NFC
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
13. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Self Complexity
Individuals Low in NFC
14. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Rebound Effect
Classical Conditioning
Discrimination
Message Processing Theories
15. Message Learning Approach
'Ought' selves
Need For Cognition NFC
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Leaning Theories
16. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Modern research on stereotypes
Low End of the Continuum
Common Peripheral Cues
Social Comparison Theory
17. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
The Need to Belong
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Central Route
Social Categorization
18. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Message Learning Approach
Self Monitoring
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Key Factor of MLA
19. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Prejudice
Self Presentation
20. Stereotyping Increases as.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self Expression
Leaning Theories
21. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Stereotyping is generally associated with
22. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Operant Conditioning
Subtype
23. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Why AOD?
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Message Learning Approach
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
24. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Low End of the Continuum
According to SPT
Message Learning Approach Claims
Central Route
25. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Self Enhancing Bias`
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Self Complexity
26. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Individuals High in NFC
Common Peripheral Cues
High End of the Continuum
27. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Insko (1965)
High Self Monitors
Pros of Categorization
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
28. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Pros of Categorization
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Cognitive Consistency Theories
ABC Model
29. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Handicapped
Big 3 Categories
Central Route
30. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Problems of MLA
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Stereotype
31. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Low Self Monitors
High Self Monitors
Cognitive= Stereotypes
(Klein) False Feedback
32. Stereotyping Increases as.
(PCG) Results
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Staats and Staats (1957)
High Elaboration (Central Route
33. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Self Presentation
Over Justification Effect
Cons of Categorization
High Elaboration (Central Route
34. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Individuals High in NFC
Staats and Staats (1957)
'Ideal' selves
35. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Contact Hypothesis
Classical Conditioning
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
36. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Affective= Prejudice
High End of the Continuum
(Klein) False Feedback
According to SPT
37. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Insko (1965)
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Self Monitoring
Behavioral= Discrimination
38. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Message Processing Theories
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Social Learning Explanation
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
39. Avoid effortful thinking.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Individuals Low in NFC
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Extrinsic Motivation
40. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Big 3 Categories
Behavioral= Discrimination
ABC Model
Low End of the Continuum
41. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Message Processing Theories
Self Presentation
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
42. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Social Learning Explanation
Low End of the Continuum
Individuals High in NFC
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
43. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Low Self Monitors
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
44. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Extrinsic Motivation
Central Route
The Need to Belong
Individuals High in NFC
45. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Enhancing Bias`
Need For Cognition NFC
46. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Modern research on stereotypes
Leaning Theories
47. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Message Processing Theories
Subtype
Self-Perception Theory
48. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Social Learning Explanation
Individuals High in NFC
(Shaetner) Shocks
(PCG) Results
49. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Pros of Categorization
Implicit Association Test
(Shaetner) Shocks
The Need to Belong
50. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Need For Cognition NFC
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
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