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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
Need For Cognition NFC
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Message Learning Approach
2. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self Complexity
Why AOD?
Social Categorization
3. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Cons of Categorization
Social Categorization
Self Enhancing Bias`
Message Processing Theories
4. Stereotyping Increases as.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
5. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Prejudice
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
6. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Social Comparison Theory
Peripheral Route
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
7. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Cognitive Consistency Theories
8. The people we want to be.
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9. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Need For Cognition NFC
Leaning Theories
Self Handicapped
Insko (1965) Results
10. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Authoritarian Personality
Low End of the Continuum
Cacioppo (1983) UI
11. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
'Ideal' selves
Affective= Prejudice
The Elaboration Continuum
12. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Individuals High in NFC
13. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Implicit Egoism
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Self-Discrepancy Theory
14. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Message Learning Approach Claims
High Self Monitors
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
15. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Big 3 Categories
Common Peripheral Cues
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Amabile) Adult Participants
16. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
The Elaboration Continuum
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Discrimination
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
17. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
High Self Monitors
18. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Self-Perception Theory
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Message Learning Approach Claims
Message Processing Theories
19. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Social Categorization
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Authoritarian Personality
20. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Peripheral Route
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
21. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
High Elaboration (Central Route
Modern research on stereotypes
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
22. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Esteem
According to SPT
Contact Hypothesis
23. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Modern research on stereotypes
According to Self-perception Theory
Insko (1965)
24. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Key Factor of MLA
Self-Perception Theory
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
2 Components of The Social Self
25. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
ABC Model
Self Esteem
Rebound Effect
According to Self-perception Theory
26. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Need For Cognition NFC
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Message Processing Theories
27. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Terror Management Theory
Classical Conditioning
High End of the Continuum
Low Self Monitors
28. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
Self-Perception Theory
Individuals Low in NFC
Self Concept
29. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
High End of the Continuum
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
30. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Self Expression
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Low End of the Continuum
31. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Behavioral= Discrimination
Staats and Staats (1957)
Intrinsic Motivation
32. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Pros of Categorization
(PCG) Results
Implicit Association Test
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
33. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self Complexity
Implicit Association Test
Social Comparison Theory
34. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
'Ought' selves
Self Monitoring
Individuals High in NFC
35. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Key Factor of MLA
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
36. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Prejudice
Message Learning Approach
Self Enhancing Bias`
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
37. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Self Handicapped
Self Monitoring
38. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Self Presentation
Extrinsic Motivation
The Elaboration Continuum
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
39. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Pros of Categorization
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Cons of Categorization
40. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Affective= Prejudice
Peripheral Route
Extrinsic Motivation
Terror Management Theory
41. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Need For Cognition NFC
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Behavioral= Discrimination
Self Enhancing Bias`
42. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self Presentation
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Common Peripheral Cues
43. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Need For Cognition NFC
Operant Conditioning
Implicit Association Test
Affective= Prejudice
44. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Need For Cognition NFC
High Self Monitors
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
45. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
'Cold' Prejudice
Social Learning Explanation
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Discrimination
46. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Subtype
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self-Perception Theory
47. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Cognitive= Stereotypes
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Social Categorization
48. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
'Cold' Prejudice
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Contact Hypothesis
Self Concept
49. The people we want to be.
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50. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
High End of the Continuum
Subtype
Self Esteem
Message Processing Theories