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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
The Elaboration Continuum
2 Components of The Social Self
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
2. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
3. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Over Justification Effect
ABC Model
Self Concept
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
4. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Insko (1965)
2 Components of The Social Self
Common Peripheral Cues
Two Factor Theory of emotion
5. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Social Categorization
2 Components of The Social Self
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Two Factor Theory of emotion
6. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Social Learning Explanation
Leaning Theories
Self Monitoring
7. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Terror Management Theory
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Implicit Egoism
8. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
(Klein) False Feedback
High Self Monitors
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
9. The people we want to be.
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10. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Leaning Theories
Operant Conditioning
High Self Monitors
Insko (1965)
11. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Authoritarian Personality
(PCG) Results
Contact Hypothesis
Staats and Staats (1957)
12. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Message Learning Approach
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Need For Cognition NFC
13. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Need For Cognition NFC
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Common Peripheral Cues
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
14. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
High End of the Continuum
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Message Processing Theories
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
15. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Intrinsic Motivation
Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
16. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Pelham) Positive Association
Two Factor Theory of emotion
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Self-Perception Theory
17. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Self-Perception Theory
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Insko (1965) Results
18. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Contact Hypothesis
Self Enhancing Bias`
19. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
'Ideal' selves
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Central Route
'Cold' Prejudice
20. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
The Elaboration Continuum
Low Self Monitors
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
21. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
According to Self-perception Theory
The Need to Belong
Why AOD?
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
22. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Subtype
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Pelham) Positive Association
23. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Social Learning Explanation
Low Self Monitors
Low Self Monitors
24. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Message Processing Theories
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Message Learning Approach Claims
25. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Operant Conditioning
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Pros of Categorization
26. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Implicit Association Test
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self Complexity
27. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Self Presentation
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Social Learning Explanation
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
28. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Subtype
'Cold' Prejudice
29. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Authoritarian Personality
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
30. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Leaning Theories
31. Doing something because you want to.
Big 3 Categories
'Cold' Prejudice
Intrinsic Motivation
The Elaboration Continuum
32. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Contact Hypothesis
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
33. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Self-Perception Theory
Contact Hypothesis
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Operant Conditioning
34. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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35. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Self-Perception Theory
Need For Cognition NFC
36. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Intrinsic Motivation
Implicit Egoism
Staats and Staats (1957)
37. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Self Complexity
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Implicit Egoism
Message Learning Approach Claims
38. Superficial Processing.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Individuals High in NFC
(Klein) False Feedback
39. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Prejudice
ABC Model
40. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Implicit Egoism
Leaning Theories
Behavioral= Discrimination
41. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Insko (1965) Results
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Pros of Categorization
42. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Low Self Monitors
Insko (1965) Results
Rebound Effect
Extrinsic Motivation
43. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Key Factor of MLA
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
44. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Cons of Categorization
Self Expression
Insko (1965) Results
Self Esteem
45. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Self Presentation
'Cold' Prejudice
Terror Management Theory
Modern research on stereotypes
46. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Discrimination
Rebound Effect
Insko (1965)
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
47. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Authoritarian Personality
Need For Cognition NFC
Stereotyping is generally associated with
48. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
The Need to Belong
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Cons of Categorization
49. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Insko (1965) Results
Affective= Prejudice
Terror Management Theory
50. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
According to SPT
Over Justification Effect
Modern research on stereotypes
Self Handicapped
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