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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
According to Self-perception Theory
(Shaetner) Shocks
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Peripheral Route
2. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
According to SPT
3. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Social Categorization
Self Expression
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Message Learning Approach Claims
4. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Implicit Egoism
Social Categorization
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
5. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Operant Conditioning
Message Learning Approach Claims
The Need to Belong
Problems of MLA
6. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Subtype
Self Concept
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Self Monitoring
7. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Operant Conditioning
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Over Justification Effect
8. The people we want to be.
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9. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Peripheral Route
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Message Learning Approach
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
10. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Over Justification Effect
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Cognitive= Stereotypes
11. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Cons of Categorization
Affective= Prejudice
Two Factor Theory of emotion
12. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Self Expression
13. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Self-Perception Theory
'Ought' selves
Self Concept
Self Presentation
14. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
'Cold' Prejudice
Self-Perception Theory
Pros of Categorization
Social Categorization
15. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Individuals High in NFC
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
According to SPT
Intrinsic Motivation
16. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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17. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self Monitoring
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
18. Doing something because you want to.
Extrinsic Motivation
Intrinsic Motivation
Discrimination
Message Learning Approach Claims
19. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Presentation
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
20. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Modern research on stereotypes
The Elaboration Continuum
Affective= Prejudice
Stereotype
21. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Over Justification Effect
Individuals Low in NFC
22. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
23. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Staats and Staats (1957)
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
24. Doing something because you want to.
Big 3 Categories
Intrinsic Motivation
Social Comparison Theory
Self Enhancing Bias`
25. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Peripheral Route
(PCG) Results
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
26. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Stereotype
Affective= Prejudice
Social Learning Explanation
(Shaetner) Shocks
27. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Message Learning Approach
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
28. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Central Route
Central Route
29. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Social Comparison Theory
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
High Self Monitors
Self Handicapped
30. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Message Processing Theories
'Ought' selves
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
ABC Model
31. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Stereotype
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Need For Cognition NFC
32. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Stereotype
Affective= Prejudice
ABC Model
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
33. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Low End of the Continuum
According to Self-perception Theory
Cons of Categorization
34. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Self Esteem
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Self-Discrepancy Theory
35. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Consistency Theories
The Elaboration Continuum
36. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Self Monitoring
Intrinsic Motivation
Need For Cognition NFC
37. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Self Handicapped
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Self Esteem
Message Learning Approach Claims
38. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Subtype
(Shaetner) Shocks
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
39. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Key Factor of MLA
Individuals High in NFC
40. Message Learning Approach
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self Complexity
Leaning Theories
Self Concept
41. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self Concept
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Cognitive= Stereotypes
42. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
According to Self-perception Theory
43. The people we want to be.
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44. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
(Klein) False Feedback
Self Esteem
Modern research on stereotypes
Social Categorization
45. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Self Enhancing Bias`
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
The Need to Belong
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
46. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Terror Management Theory
Self Monitoring
47. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Stereotype
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
48. Avoid effortful thinking.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Individuals Low in NFC
Self Expression
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
49. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Self Monitoring
Self Expression
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
'Ought' selves
50. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Contact Hypothesis
High Self Monitors
Need For Cognition NFC