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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Modern research on stereotypes
According to SPT
Message Learning Approach Claims
2. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Individuals Low in NFC
The Elaboration Continuum
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
3. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Big 3 Categories
Peripheral Route
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Big 3 Categories
4. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Key Factor of MLA
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Message Processing Theories
5. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
6. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Rebound Effect
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self-Discrepancy Theory
7. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
The Elaboration Continuum
Key Factor of MLA
Extrinsic Motivation
8. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Subtype
Over Justification Effect
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
9. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Over Justification Effect
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Prejudice
10. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Stereotype
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Insko (1965)
Authoritarian Personality
11. The people we want to be.
12. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
ABC Model
Operant Conditioning
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
13. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
The Elaboration Continuum
Cognitive= Stereotypes
14. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Social Comparison Theory
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
15. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Classical Conditioning
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self Complexity
High Self Monitors
16. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Key Factor of MLA
Message Processing Theories
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Shaetner) Shocks
17. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Common Peripheral Cues
Classical Conditioning
Two Factor Theory of emotion
18. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Implicit Association Test
(Shaetner) Shocks
Big 3 Categories
Social Learning Explanation
19. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Rebound Effect
Self Presentation
Need For Cognition NFC
Self Esteem
20. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
The Elaboration Continuum
Self Presentation
Message Learning Approach Claims
Self Expression
21. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Rebound Effect
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Staats and Staats (1957)
22. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(PCG) Results
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
23. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Implicit Egoism
(Pelham) Positive Association
Key Factor of MLA
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
24. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Why AOD?
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
25. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Extrinsic Motivation
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Key Factor of MLA
26. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Self Handicapped
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
27. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
'Cold' Prejudice
(Klein) False Feedback
Individuals Low in NFC
The Elaboration Continuum
28. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Subtype
'Ideal' selves
29. Stereotyping Increases as.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
30. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Message Learning Approach
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Self Monitoring
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
31. Extreme hatred for other groups.
32. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Rebound Effect
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Prejudice
33. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Pros of Categorization
Insko (1965) Results
34. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Problems of MLA
'Ought' selves
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Over Justification Effect
35. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
'Ought' selves
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Self Handicapped
36. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Central Route
ABC Model
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
37. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Extrinsic Motivation
Need For Cognition NFC
'Hot' Prejudice
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
38. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Insko (1965)
Self Enhancing Bias`
(PCG) Results
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
39. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
According to Self-perception Theory
Prejudice
'Ideal' selves
40. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Message Learning Approach
Operant Conditioning
The Need to Belong
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
41. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Over Justification Effect
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
42. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Common Peripheral Cues
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Amabile) Adult Participants
43. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
High End of the Continuum
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Pelham) Positive Association
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
44. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Self-Perception Theory
Self Monitoring
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
45. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Message Processing Theories
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
The Need to Belong
46. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
According to Self-perception Theory
Self-Perception Theory
Central Route
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
47. Avoid effortful thinking.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Discrimination
Common Peripheral Cues
Individuals Low in NFC
48. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
The Elaboration Continuum
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
49. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Pros of Categorization
(Klein) False Feedback
Contact Hypothesis
50. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Need For Cognition NFC
Peripheral Route
The Elaboration Continuum