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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Handicapped
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Rebound Effect
Self Enhancing Bias`
2. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Stereotype
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Message Learning Approach
3. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
According to SPT
Prejudice
Self Complexity
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
4. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Terror Management Theory
'Hot' Prejudice
Stereotype
5. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Self Concept
Low Self Monitors
(Pelham) Positive Association
Common Peripheral Cues
6. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Cons of Categorization
Terror Management Theory
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
7. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Social Comparison Theory
Message Processing Theories
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
8. Stereotyping Increases as.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Pros of Categorization
Operant Conditioning
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
9. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
The Elaboration Continuum
Common Peripheral Cues
10. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
High End of the Continuum
Classical Conditioning
Authoritarian Personality
11. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Why AOD?
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Pros of Categorization
Staats and Staats (1957)
12. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Self-Perception Theory
Need For Cognition NFC
13. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Self Concept
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Stereotype
14. Doing something because you want to.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Discrimination
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Intrinsic Motivation
15. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
Stereotype
(PCG) Results
Message Processing Theories
16. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Why AOD?
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
High End of the Continuum
17. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Insko (1965)
Social Comparison Theory
Staats and Staats (1957)
Common Peripheral Cues
18. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Implicit Association Test
According to Self-perception Theory
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
19. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Why AOD?
Terror Management Theory
Implicit Association Test
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
20. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Pelham) Positive Association
Over Justification Effect
Rebound Effect
21. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Contact Hypothesis
High Elaboration (Central Route
(PCG) Results
The Elaboration Continuum
22. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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23. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Self Handicapped
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
24. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Social Comparison Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Insko (1965)
Self Handicapped
25. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
2 Components of The Social Self
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
26. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Behavioral= Discrimination
Pros of Categorization
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
27. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Self-Perception Theory
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Insko (1965)
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
28. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Message Learning Approach Claims
Self Concept
Low End of the Continuum
29. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
High End of the Continuum
Self Expression
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Self Monitoring
30. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Extrinsic Motivation
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Self Enhancing Bias`
Social Categorization
31. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Authoritarian Personality
Operant Conditioning
Staats and Staats (1957)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
32. Stereotyping Increases as.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
According to Self-perception Theory
High End of the Continuum
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
33. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Social Learning Explanation
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
34. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
The Need to Belong
ABC Model
Problems of MLA
'Cold' Prejudice
35. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Pelham) Positive Association
Individuals High in NFC
Discrimination
High End of the Continuum
36. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Insko (1965) Results
Cons of Categorization
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
The Need to Belong
37. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Self Handicapped
Classical Conditioning
Self-Perception Theory
38. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(PCG) Results
Modern research on stereotypes
39. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Big 3 Categories
Self Complexity
Self Concept
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
40. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
Message Learning Approach Claims
Message Learning Approach
Common Peripheral Cues
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
41. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Self Monitoring
Self-Perception Theory
Contact Hypothesis
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
42. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Rebound Effect
Social Comparison Theory
Common Peripheral Cues
(Shaetner) Shocks
43. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Social Categorization
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
44. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Klein) False Feedback
(Shaetner) Shocks
45. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Implicit Association Test
46. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Social Comparison Theory
High Self Monitors
Modern research on stereotypes
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
47. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Leaning Theories
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
48. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
The Elaboration Continuum
49. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Peripheral Route
The Elaboration Continuum
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Key Factor of MLA
50. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Intrinsic Motivation
Stereotype
Self Presentation
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)