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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Modern research on stereotypes
The Need to Belong
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
2. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
'Hot' Prejudice
Over Justification Effect
Operant Conditioning
Common Peripheral Cues
3. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Message Processing Theories
4. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Self Complexity
Prejudice
5. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Affective= Prejudice
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
2 Components of The Social Self
6. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Self Esteem
Self-Perception Theory
(Amabile) Adult Participants
'Hot' Prejudice
7. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Individuals Low in NFC
Affective= Prejudice
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Social Comparison Theory
8. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
2 Components of The Social Self
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self-Perception Theory
9. Avoid effortful thinking.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Individuals Low in NFC
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
10. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
According to SPT
Staats and Staats (1957)
Terror Management Theory
11. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
12. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
'Ideal' selves
Modern research on stereotypes
Leaning Theories
(Pelham) Positive Association
13. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Affective= Prejudice
Insko (1965)
High End of the Continuum
Contact Hypothesis
14. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Central Route
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Expression
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
15. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Low End of the Continuum
Terror Management Theory
Self Monitoring
Why AOD?
16. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Terror Management Theory
Implicit Egoism
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
17. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
The Need to Belong
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Message Learning Approach Claims
'Ought' selves
18. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self Concept
19. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Rebound Effect
Why AOD?
Social Categorization
20. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Behavioral= Discrimination
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Message Learning Approach Claims
Central Route
21. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Common Peripheral Cues
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(Shaetner) Shocks
2 Components of The Social Self
22. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Self-Perception Theory
'Cold' Prejudice
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(Klein) False Feedback
23. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Self Handicapped
Self-Perception Theory
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
24. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Low End of the Continuum
25. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Self Complexity
Staats and Staats (1957)
Insko (1965) Results
The Need to Belong
26. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Prejudice
Rebound Effect
Message Learning Approach Claims
27. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Message Learning Approach
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Individuals High in NFC
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
28. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Central Route
Insko (1965)
Insko (1965) Results
29. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Social Categorization
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
30. The people we think we should be.
31. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Problems of MLA
32. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
33. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
High Self Monitors
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Handicapped
Low Self Monitors
34. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Peripheral Route
Self Complexity
Big 3 Categories
Subtype
35. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
Self Handicapped
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Extrinsic Motivation
36. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Intrinsic Motivation
Terror Management Theory
Insko (1965) Results
Pros of Categorization
37. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Need For Cognition NFC
Extrinsic Motivation
38. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Prejudice
According to SPT
Insko (1965) Results
39. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
ABC Model
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
'Ideal' selves
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
40. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Prejudice
Self Presentation
Discrimination
Insko (1965)
41. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
(Klein) False Feedback
Low End of the Continuum
'Ideal' selves
Contact Hypothesis
42. Message Learning Approach
(Amabile) Adult Participants
'Ideal' selves
Self Enhancing Bias`
Leaning Theories
43. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Self Enhancing Bias`
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Shaetner) Shocks
44. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Modern research on stereotypes
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Peripheral Route
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
45. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Stereotype
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
46. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Prejudice
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
47. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Cons of Categorization
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Stereotype
48. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Implicit Egoism
49. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Prejudice
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
50. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Self Handicapped
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Social Learning Explanation