Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Implicit Egoism
Message Processing Theories
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Operant Conditioning


2. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Low End of the Continuum
2 Components of The Social Self
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test


3. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Intrinsic Motivation
Individuals High in NFC


4. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Shaetner) Shocks
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Message Processing Theories


5. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
The Elaboration Continuum
Operant Conditioning
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self Enhancing Bias`


6. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
High Elaboration (Central Route
The Elaboration Continuum
Low Self Monitors
Big 3 Categories


7. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Social Comparison Theory
Insko (1965) Results


8. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Stereotype
Common Peripheral Cues
Rebound Effect
Self-Perception Theory


9. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Social Comparison Theory
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
ABC Model


10. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)


11. Message Learning Approach
Common Peripheral Cues
Leaning Theories
ABC Model
According to SPT


12. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
According to SPT
Common Peripheral Cues


13. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Self Handicapped
Behavioral= Discrimination
2 Components of The Social Self


14. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
(Klein) False Feedback
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Implicit Egoism


15. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(Shaetner) Shocks
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
High Self Monitors
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation


16. Superficial Processing.
Classical Conditioning
Stereotyping is generally associated with
According to Self-perception Theory
Peripheral Route


17. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
'Ought' selves
'Ideal' selves
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?


18. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Message Learning Approach Claims
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
The Need to Belong


19. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Individuals High in NFC
Insko (1965)
'Ideal' selves


20. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
'Ideal' selves
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Central Route


21. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Stereotype
Discrimination
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill


22. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Social Comparison Theory
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Is Prejudice Hardwired?


23. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Self Handicapped
Implicit Association Test
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Problems of MLA


24. The people we think we should be.

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25. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Self-Perception Theory
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Low Self Monitors
Why AOD?


26. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
According to SPT
Operant Conditioning
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure


27. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Why AOD?
High End of the Continuum
Operant Conditioning
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)


28. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Over Justification Effect
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Cognitive Consistency Theories


29. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
According to Self-perception Theory
Message Processing Theories
Key Factor of MLA
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups


30. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Big 3 Categories
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Contact Hypothesis
Terror Management Theory


31. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Message Processing Theories
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?


32. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self-Perception Theory


33. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Extrinsic Motivation
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Affective= Prejudice
Two Factor Theory of emotion


34. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Low End of the Continuum
Extrinsic Motivation
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Behavioral= Discrimination


35. Extreme hatred for other groups.

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36. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Need For Cognition NFC
Modern research on stereotypes
High Self Monitors
Social Comparison Theory


37. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Message Learning Approach
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
The Elaboration Continuum
Pros of Categorization


38. Extreme hatred for other groups.

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39. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Need For Cognition NFC


40. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.

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41. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Social Comparison Theory
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)


42. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Extrinsic Motivation
Intrinsic Motivation


43. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
The Elaboration Continuum
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Need For Cognition NFC
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine


44. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Terror Management Theory
Stereotype
(Payne) Weapon or Tool


45. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Classical Conditioning
Intrinsic Motivation
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal


46. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Individuals High in NFC
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Rebound Effect
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill


47. The people we want to be.

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48. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Key Factor of MLA
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Discrimination
Self Expression


49. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Cons of Categorization
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Terror Management Theory
'Ideal' selves


50. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Pros of Categorization