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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Behavioral= Discrimination
ABC Model
2. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Problems of MLA
High Self Monitors
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
3. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
According to Self-perception Theory
ABC Model
Subtype
Self Esteem
4. Doing something because you want to.
Intrinsic Motivation
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Pelham) Positive Association
5. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Rebound Effect
ABC Model
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
'Cold' Prejudice
6. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
'Ought' selves
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Terror Management Theory
Individuals High in NFC
7. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Terror Management Theory
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Problems of MLA
Self Expression
8. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Self Handicapped
Operant Conditioning
Insko (1965)
9. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Implicit Association Test
Terror Management Theory
Prejudice
Intrinsic Motivation
10. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Pelham) Positive Association
11. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Intrinsic Motivation
Contact Hypothesis
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
12. The people we want to be.
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13. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Discrimination
Self-Perception Theory
Cognitive= Stereotypes
14. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Cons of Categorization
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Social Learning Explanation
Key Factor of MLA
15. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Big 3 Categories
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
'Cold' Prejudice
16. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Implicit Association Test
High Self Monitors
Insko (1965) Results
17. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Self Handicapped
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Monitoring
18. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Self Enhancing Bias`
(PCG) Results
Self-Discrepancy Theory
19. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Operant Conditioning
Self Complexity
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
20. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Message Learning Approach
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Low End of the Continuum
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
21. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Processing Theories
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self-Perception Theory
Stereotyping is generally associated with
22. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Stereotype
Low Self Monitors
Pros of Categorization
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
23. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Extrinsic Motivation
(Pelham) Positive Association
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
24. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Problems of MLA
Modern research on stereotypes
Contact Hypothesis
25. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
ABC Model
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Behavioral= Discrimination
The Need to Belong
26. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Message Processing Theories
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Big 3 Categories
27. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Message Learning Approach Claims
Insko (1965)
Self Enhancing Bias`
28. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Prejudice
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
29. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Cacioppo (1983) UI
30. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Central Route
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Operant Conditioning
31. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Authoritarian Personality
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Need For Cognition NFC
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
32. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Implicit Egoism
Why AOD?
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Low Self Monitors
33. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Modern research on stereotypes
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Cons of Categorization
The Need to Belong
34. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(Pelham) Positive Association
35. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Need For Cognition NFC
36. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Terror Management Theory
'Ideal' selves
Modern research on stereotypes
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
37. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Prejudice
Subtype
Pros of Categorization
Contact Hypothesis
38. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Why AOD?
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
39. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Intrinsic Motivation
Low Self Monitors
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
The Elaboration Continuum
40. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Leaning Theories
Low End of the Continuum
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Pelham) Positive Association
41. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Self Esteem
2 Components of The Social Self
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
42. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
The Need to Belong
Implicit Association Test
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Two Factor Theory of emotion
43. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Subtype
Self Esteem
Rebound Effect
Pros of Categorization
44. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
2 Components of The Social Self
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Peripheral Route
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
45. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
High Elaboration (Central Route
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
46. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Low Self Monitors
2 Components of The Social Self
Self Enhancing Bias`
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
47. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Discrimination
Self Monitoring
Behavioral= Discrimination
Self-Perception Theory
48. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
According to SPT
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Cons of Categorization
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
49. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Social Comparison Theory
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
According to SPT
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
50. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Individuals High in NFC
Rebound Effect
Cons of Categorization
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result