SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
According to Self-perception Theory
Social Learning Explanation
Individuals High in NFC
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
2. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
The Elaboration Continuum
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Modern research on stereotypes
3. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Cons of Categorization
ABC Model
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Individuals High in NFC
4. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
ABC Model
Low Self Monitors
Self Monitoring
Cognitive Consistency Theories
5. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
'Ought' selves
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Operant Conditioning
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
6. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Individuals High in NFC
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Amabile) Adult Participants
7. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Why AOD?
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Self-Perception Theory
8. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Individuals High in NFC
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Message Learning Approach Claims
Social Learning Explanation
9. Central Route - Systematic Processing
'Ought' selves
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
High End of the Continuum
Terror Management Theory
10. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Social Categorization
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Self Handicapped
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
11. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Klein) False Feedback
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Message Processing Theories
12. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Insko (1965) Results
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Rebound Effect
Affective= Prejudice
13. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Classical Conditioning
Behavioral= Discrimination
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
14. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
2 Components of The Social Self
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Operant Conditioning
Affective= Prejudice
15. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
'Ideal' selves
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Insko (1965)
16. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Big 3 Categories
Rebound Effect
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
17. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Central Route
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Self Esteem
Self Complexity
18. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
Self Enhancing Bias`
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
19. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
According to SPT
Over Justification Effect
Authoritarian Personality
20. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
(PCG) Results
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Cons of Categorization
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
21. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Self Presentation
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
High Elaboration (Central Route
The Elaboration Continuum
22. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
'Ideal' selves
23. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Peripheral Route
Individuals High in NFC
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Stereotyping is generally associated with
24. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Big 3 Categories
Self Monitoring
25. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Why AOD?
Common Peripheral Cues
26. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
According to Self-perception Theory
Behavioral= Discrimination
27. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
28. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self-Discrepancy Theory
The Need to Belong
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
29. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Social Categorization
Problems of MLA
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Individuals Low in NFC
30. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Self Complexity
Leaning Theories
Intrinsic Motivation
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
31. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
32. Extreme hatred for other groups.
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
33. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Self-Perception Theory
'Ought' selves
34. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Message Processing Theories
'Hot' Prejudice
Insko (1965) Results
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
35. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Individuals Low in NFC
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Insko (1965) Results
36. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Big 3 Categories
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Over Justification Effect
Individuals High in NFC
37. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
'Ought' selves
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(PCG) Results
38. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
'Hot' Prejudice
Common Peripheral Cues
Implicit Egoism
Self-Perception Theory
39. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Handicapped
Terror Management Theory
Insko (1965) Results
Big 3 Categories
40. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Message Learning Approach
Self Presentation
41. Avoid effortful thinking.
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Over Justification Effect
Individuals Low in NFC
42. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Social Comparison Theory
Low Self Monitors
'Ideal' selves
43. Stereotyping Increases as.
Self Presentation
Self Concept
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Why AOD?
44. Message Learning Approach
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Leaning Theories
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
45. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Stereotyping is generally associated with
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Prejudice
46. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Intrinsic Motivation
Authoritarian Personality
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
47. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Operant Conditioning
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
48. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Message Learning Approach
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Terror Management Theory
Stereotyping is generally associated with
49. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
The Elaboration Continuum
Self Esteem
The Need to Belong
Self Enhancing Bias`
50. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Self Expression
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Central Route