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Social Psychology
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Authoritarian Personality
Low End of the Continuum
2. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Individuals Low in NFC
Stereotype
Low End of the Continuum
3. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
The Need to Belong
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Self Monitoring
Implicit Association Test
4. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Common Peripheral Cues
Social Comparison Theory
According to Self-perception Theory
5. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Self Concept
Stereotype
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Self Complexity
6. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
7. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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8. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Insko (1965)
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Need For Cognition NFC
9. Superficial Processing.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
High Self Monitors
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Stereotyping is generally associated with
10. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Key Factor of MLA
Self Expression
11. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Pelham) Positive Association
Big 3 Categories
Common Peripheral Cues
Two Factor Theory of emotion
12. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Staats and Staats (1957)
Common Peripheral Cues
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
13. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Affective= Prejudice
Subtype
According to Self-perception Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
14. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Individuals High in NFC
Self Presentation
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
High End of the Continuum
15. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Self Complexity
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
16. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Affective= Prejudice
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
High Elaboration (Central Route
17. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Low End of the Continuum
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Classical Conditioning
Modern research on stereotypes
18. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Stereotype
Implicit Egoism
Low End of the Continuum
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
19. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Operant Conditioning
Insko (1965)
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
20. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Self-Perception Theory
(Shaetner) Shocks
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Self Monitoring
21. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Self Concept
Intrinsic Motivation
Self-Discrepancy Theory
22. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
High End of the Continuum
Social Comparison Theory
Why AOD?
23. The people we want to be.
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24. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Common Peripheral Cues
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Behavioral= Discrimination
25. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Intrinsic Motivation
Social Categorization
Discrimination
26. Doing something because you want to.
(Shaetner) Shocks
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Self Concept
Intrinsic Motivation
27. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Message Learning Approach Claims
2 Components of The Social Self
Modern research on stereotypes
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
28. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Subtype
Prejudice
Implicit Association Test
29. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
(Shaetner) Shocks
According to Self-perception Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Social Learning Explanation
30. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Individuals Low in NFC
(Klein) False Feedback
Affective= Prejudice
Self Presentation
31. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(PCG) Results
(PCG) Results
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
32. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
'Hot' Prejudice
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Individuals High in NFC
Implicit Egoism
33. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Peripheral Route
Self-Perception Theory
ABC Model
34. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
'Ought' selves
Social Categorization
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Pros of Categorization
35. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Cognitive Consistency Theories
36. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Self Concept
Self Presentation
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Cacioppo (1983) UI
37. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Need For Cognition NFC
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Social Learning Explanation
38. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Social Categorization
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Staats and Staats (1957)
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
39. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Stereotype
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Message Processing Theories
(Amabile) Adult Participants
40. Doing something because you want to.
Self Expression
Self-Perception Theory
Intrinsic Motivation
(Klein) False Feedback
41. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Self Handicapped
'Cold' Prejudice
42. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Rebound Effect
Extrinsic Motivation
43. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Problems of MLA
Central Route
Insko (1965) Results
Self Concept
44. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Message Learning Approach
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Contact Hypothesis
(Shaetner) Shocks
45. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
2 Components of The Social Self
(Shaetner) Shocks
Intrinsic Motivation
Cognitive= Stereotypes
46. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Classical Conditioning
The Elaboration Continuum
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
47. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
High Self Monitors
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Social Learning Explanation
48. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Message Learning Approach Claims
Behavioral= Discrimination
Insko (1965) Results
49. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Discrimination
The Need to Belong
Contact Hypothesis
Peripheral Route
50. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(PCG) Results
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Affective= Prejudice
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