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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Pelham) Positive Association
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
2. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Two Factor Theory of emotion
3. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Social Comparison Theory
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
The Need to Belong
Extrinsic Motivation
4. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
According to SPT
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Contact Hypothesis
5. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Handicapped
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
2 Components of The Social Self
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
6. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
'Cold' Prejudice
Problems of MLA
High Self Monitors
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
7. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
(PCG) Results
Why AOD?
Self Esteem
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
8. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Low Self Monitors
Implicit Association Test
Leaning Theories
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
9. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Self Esteem
According to SPT
Classical Conditioning
10. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Implicit Egoism
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
11. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
According to SPT
Low End of the Continuum
Peripheral Route
12. Message Learning Approach
Behavioral= Discrimination
Self Complexity
Leaning Theories
Social Categorization
13. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Social Comparison Theory
Message Processing Theories
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
14. Doing something because you want to.
Self-Perception Theory
Low Self Monitors
'Cold' Prejudice
Intrinsic Motivation
15. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Operant Conditioning
Big 3 Categories
Modern research on stereotypes
Message Learning Approach
16. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Cons of Categorization
Peripheral Route
Individuals High in NFC
(Pelham) Positive Association
17. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
(Shaetner) Shocks
Message Learning Approach
18. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Discrimination
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Peripheral Route
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
19. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Pros of Categorization
Key Factor of MLA
Discrimination
Affective= Prejudice
20. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
High Elaboration (Central Route
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Peripheral Route
21. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Self-Perception Theory
Self Expression
Stereotype
Implicit Association Test
22. The people we want to be.
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23. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Self Presentation
Behavioral= Discrimination
Stereotype
Self Concept
24. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Key Factor of MLA
Why AOD?
Insko (1965) Results
According to SPT
25. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
26. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Self Concept
Self Monitoring
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
27. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
'Ought' selves
Common Peripheral Cues
28. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Operant Conditioning
Why AOD?
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
29. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Insko (1965)
Modern research on stereotypes
Behavioral= Discrimination
Terror Management Theory
30. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Pros of Categorization
Leaning Theories
ABC Model
31. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Self Expression
Behavioral= Discrimination
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
32. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
(Klein) False Feedback
Social Learning Explanation
Need For Cognition NFC
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
33. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Social Comparison Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
34. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Discrimination
Two Factor Theory of emotion
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self-Perception Theory
35. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(PCG) Results
Affective= Prejudice
Operant Conditioning
36. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Intrinsic Motivation
Social Categorization
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Low End of the Continuum
37. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Individuals High in NFC
High Self Monitors
Prejudice
38. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Self Presentation
Social Learning Explanation
Authoritarian Personality
Operant Conditioning
39. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Why AOD?
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self-Perception Theory
Staats and Staats (1957)
40. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Extrinsic Motivation
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Subtype
41. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Stereotype
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Central Route
42. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Terror Management Theory
43. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Self Presentation
44. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Self Monitoring
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
High Self Monitors
Self Concept
45. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Rebound Effect
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Cacioppo (1983) UI
46. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
(Pelham) Positive Association
The Elaboration Continuum
Extrinsic Motivation
Contact Hypothesis
47. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self Monitoring
Common Peripheral Cues
Rebound Effect
48. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Self Handicapped
Big 3 Categories
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Common Peripheral Cues
49. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Subtype
50. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
According to Self-perception Theory
Need For Cognition NFC
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups