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Social Psychology
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Message Learning Approach
Self Handicapped
Cons of Categorization
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
2. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Contact Hypothesis
Message Learning Approach
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
3. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Social Comparison Theory
'Hot' Prejudice
Individuals High in NFC
4. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Central Route
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Individuals Low in NFC
Low End of the Continuum
5. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Implicit Egoism
Self Concept
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
6. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
High End of the Continuum
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Two Factor Theory of emotion
7. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
8. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Monitoring
(Klein) False Feedback
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
9. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
2 Components of The Social Self
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Individuals High in NFC
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
10. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Social Categorization
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Implicit Egoism
11. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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12. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
The Elaboration Continuum
Insko (1965)
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self-Discrepancy Theory
13. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Two Factor Theory of emotion
According to Self-perception Theory
Contact Hypothesis
14. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
15. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Need For Cognition NFC
Big 3 Categories
Need For Cognition NFC
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
16. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
According to Self-perception Theory
High Elaboration (Central Route
Discrimination
17. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Modern research on stereotypes
Peripheral Route
Social Comparison Theory
18. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Rebound Effect
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Cons of Categorization
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
19. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Handicapped
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Pros of Categorization
20. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Cons of Categorization
Staats and Staats (1957)
Self Handicapped
21. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Social Learning Explanation
Pros of Categorization
Insko (1965) Results
22. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
ABC Model
The Elaboration Continuum
Cacioppo (1983) UI
'Ideal' selves
23. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Problems of MLA
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
The Need to Belong
Pros of Categorization
24. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Pelham) Positive Association
High End of the Continuum
Social Comparison Theory
25. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Modern research on stereotypes
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Problems of MLA
26. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Insko (1965)
Cacioppo (1983) UI
27. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Self Handicapped
Modern research on stereotypes
ABC Model
Cons of Categorization
28. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
ABC Model
Rebound Effect
Self Concept
Stereotyping is generally associated with
29. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Terror Management Theory
Big 3 Categories
30. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
According to Self-perception Theory
'Ought' selves
Self Esteem
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
31. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
High Self Monitors
Insko (1965) Results
32. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Common Peripheral Cues
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Individuals High in NFC
33. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Stereotype
Self-Perception Theory
Intrinsic Motivation
34. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
The Need to Belong
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Discrimination
35. Superficial Processing.
'Hot' Prejudice
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Stereotyping is generally associated with
36. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
2 Components of The Social Self
Low End of the Continuum
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
37. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Affective= Prejudice
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Implicit Egoism
38. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Leaning Theories
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Why AOD?
39. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Handicapped
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
40. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Message Learning Approach Claims
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(Amabile) Adult Participants
41. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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42. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Social Categorization
Stereotype
43. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Affective= Prejudice
Rebound Effect
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Stereotype
44. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Stereotype
Insko (1965)
The Need to Belong
45. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
(PCG) Results
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Problems of MLA
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
46. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Authoritarian Personality
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
The Need to Belong
47. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Low End of the Continuum
(Shaetner) Shocks
Self Expression
Self Presentation
48. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Common Peripheral Cues
Self Concept
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
49. Stereotyping Increases as.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
50. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Over Justification Effect
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
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