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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Problems of MLA
Contact Hypothesis
Pros of Categorization
Cognitive= Stereotypes
2. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
(PCG) Results
Message Learning Approach Claims
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
3. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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4. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Self Concept
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Shaetner) Shocks
Low Self Monitors
5. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Self Presentation
Social Learning Explanation
ABC Model
6. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
'Ought' selves
Discrimination
The Elaboration Continuum
High End of the Continuum
7. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Pros of Categorization
(Pelham) Positive Association
The Need to Belong
8. The people we think we should be.
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9. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self-Perception Theory
Implicit Egoism
Insko (1965)
10. Doing something because you want to.
Social Comparison Theory
Intrinsic Motivation
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Two Factor Theory of emotion
11. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Central Route
The Need to Belong
Discrimination
12. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Common Peripheral Cues
Extrinsic Motivation
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
13. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Authoritarian Personality
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Social Categorization
According to Self-perception Theory
14. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Implicit Association Test
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Cognitive Consistency Theories
15. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Peripheral Route
Social Categorization
High Elaboration (Central Route
16. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Modern research on stereotypes
Stereotype
Extrinsic Motivation
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
17. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Leaning Theories
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
18. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
2 Components of The Social Self
Staats and Staats (1957)
According to SPT
Self Handicapped
19. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Cons of Categorization
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Behavioral= Discrimination
Self Esteem
20. Central Route - Systematic Processing
ABC Model
High End of the Continuum
According to SPT
Individuals High in NFC
21. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Self Complexity
Self Esteem
Individuals High in NFC
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
22. The people we think we should be.
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23. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Cognitive= Stereotypes
According to SPT
Social Learning Explanation
Individuals High in NFC
24. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
'Cold' Prejudice
Stereotype
Prejudice
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
25. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
'Ought' selves
Insko (1965) Results
Peripheral Route
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
26. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Social Learning Explanation
Staats and Staats (1957)
Peripheral Route
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
27. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Authoritarian Personality
Low Self Monitors
Insko (1965) Results
'Ought' selves
28. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Intrinsic Motivation
Low End of the Continuum
High Self Monitors
29. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
High End of the Continuum
'Cold' Prejudice
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
30. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Discrimination
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
31. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Self-Perception Theory
Social Comparison Theory
Contact Hypothesis
Cognitive= Stereotypes
32. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Implicit Association Test
According to Self-perception Theory
Rebound Effect
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
33. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Prejudice
Cognitive= Stereotypes
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
34. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Self Concept
Common Peripheral Cues
2 Components of The Social Self
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
35. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Big 3 Categories
ABC Model
Peripheral Route
36. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Authoritarian Personality
Implicit Association Test
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Affective= Prejudice
37. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Classical Conditioning
Two Factor Theory of emotion
(Amabile) Adult Participants
38. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Cons of Categorization
Self Enhancing Bias`
Individuals High in NFC
Social Categorization
39. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Insko (1965) Results
(Klein) False Feedback
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
40. Message Learning Approach
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Contact Hypothesis
Leaning Theories
41. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Message Learning Approach Claims
Extrinsic Motivation
42. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Social Learning Explanation
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(Klein) False Feedback
Cognitive= Stereotypes
43. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
High Self Monitors
Low Self Monitors
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
44. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Self-Perception Theory
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
The Need to Belong
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
45. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Individuals High in NFC
Prejudice
Contact Hypothesis
46. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
47. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Over Justification Effect
'Hot' Prejudice
Cons of Categorization
Why AOD?
48. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Self Expression
High Self Monitors
Message Learning Approach
49. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Why AOD?
The Need to Belong
Contact Hypothesis
(PCG) Results
50. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Over Justification Effect
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Self-Discrepancy Theory