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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Two Factor Theory of emotion
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Self-Perception Theory
2. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Social Comparison Theory
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
High Self Monitors
3. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Terror Management Theory
'Cold' Prejudice
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Behavioral= Discrimination
4. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
Self-Perception Theory
Common Peripheral Cues
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Self Complexity
5. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Authoritarian Personality
Implicit Association Test
6. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Self Presentation
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Leaning Theories
Self Enhancing Bias`
7. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Peripheral Route
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self-Perception Theory
8. Stereotyping Increases as.
Message Learning Approach
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Rebound Effect
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
9. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Message Learning Approach
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Terror Management Theory
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
10. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Prejudice
Authoritarian Personality
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
11. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Subtype
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Leaning Theories
12. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Self Concept
(Klein) False Feedback
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
13. Message Learning Approach
The Elaboration Continuum
Leaning Theories
The Need to Belong
Discrimination
14. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
'Cold' Prejudice
Individuals High in NFC
According to SPT
Over Justification Effect
15. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Social Comparison Theory
Implicit Association Test
16. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Individuals Low in NFC
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
ABC Model
17. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Self Complexity
Implicit Association Test
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
18. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
According to SPT
Intrinsic Motivation
Rebound Effect
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
19. Stereotyping Increases as.
Message Learning Approach
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Social Categorization
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
20. Doing something because you want to.
Contact Hypothesis
Self-Perception Theory
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Intrinsic Motivation
21. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Self Complexity
(Pelham) Positive Association
The Need to Belong
22. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(Pelham) Positive Association
Message Learning Approach
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
23. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Self-Perception Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
24. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Processing Theories
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Peripheral Route
25. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Self Enhancing Bias`
Authoritarian Personality
Subtype
26. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Implicit Egoism
27. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
'Hot' Prejudice
Self Enhancing Bias`
Self Concept
28. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
The Need to Belong
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Monitoring
29. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Big 3 Categories
Stereotype
Message Processing Theories
(Klein) False Feedback
30. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Self-Perception Theory
According to Self-perception Theory
Low Self Monitors
'Ideal' selves
31. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Stereotype
Contact Hypothesis
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Classical Conditioning
32. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Need For Cognition NFC
The Elaboration Continuum
33. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Pelham) Positive Association
34. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self Complexity
Why AOD?
Cons of Categorization
35. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Shaetner) Shocks
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Self Esteem
36. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Behavioral= Discrimination
(Shaetner) Shocks
37. The people we think we should be.
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38. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Operant Conditioning
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
'Ought' selves
39. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
High End of the Continuum
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Insko (1965) Results
Social Learning Explanation
40. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Contact Hypothesis
Self Enhancing Bias`
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Extrinsic Motivation
41. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Key Factor of MLA
ABC Model
Classical Conditioning
42. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Over Justification Effect
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Expression
43. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(PCG) Results
Stereotype
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
The Elaboration Continuum
44. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
According to SPT
Pros of Categorization
'Ideal' selves
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
45. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Terror Management Theory
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
46. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
2 Components of The Social Self
Cons of Categorization
(Shaetner) Shocks
Stereotype
47. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(PCG) Results
Need For Cognition NFC
48. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Key Factor of MLA
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Low End of the Continuum
49. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Self Complexity
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Peripheral Route
Individuals Low in NFC
50. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Pros of Categorization
Need For Cognition NFC
Classical Conditioning
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