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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
2. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
According to SPT
Social Learning Explanation
According to SPT
3. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
According to Self-perception Theory
High Self Monitors
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
4. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Social Comparison Theory
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self Esteem
5. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Key Factor of MLA
Classical Conditioning
Self Enhancing Bias`
'Ideal' selves
6. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Self-Perception Theory
Affective= Prejudice
According to Self-perception Theory
Stereotype
7. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Self Complexity
Social Learning Explanation
8. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Peripheral Route
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
2 Components of The Social Self
9. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Self Enhancing Bias`
(PCG) Results
10. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
(Klein) False Feedback
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(PCG) Results
11. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Low Self Monitors
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
12. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Contact Hypothesis
Self Esteem
13. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
ABC Model
14. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Subtype
Discrimination
High Self Monitors
Self Concept
15. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Affective= Prejudice
16. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Contact Hypothesis
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
17. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
According to SPT
18. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
ABC Model
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
'Ideal' selves
'Hot' Prejudice
19. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Key Factor of MLA
Central Route
According to SPT
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
20. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
High Self Monitors
High End of the Continuum
(PCG) Results
Discrimination
21. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Implicit Association Test
(PCG) Results
Stereotype
Low Self Monitors
22. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
High Self Monitors
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Extrinsic Motivation
23. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self-Perception Theory
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Operant Conditioning
24. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
The Elaboration Continuum
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
The Need to Belong
Cons of Categorization
25. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Individuals High in NFC
Modern research on stereotypes
'Cold' Prejudice
26. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Over Justification Effect
Problems of MLA
Discrimination
27. The people we think we should be.
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28. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Pros of Categorization
Message Learning Approach
29. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Shaetner) Shocks
Over Justification Effect
'Ought' selves
30. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Individuals Low in NFC
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Message Processing Theories
Rebound Effect
31. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Insko (1965)
Behavioral= Discrimination
Insko (1965)
32. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
2 Components of The Social Self
33. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Insko (1965)
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(Klein) False Feedback
34. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Self-Perception Theory
Self Complexity
Social Comparison Theory
'Ought' selves
35. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
'Ought' selves
High Elaboration (Central Route
The Need to Belong
36. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Self Complexity
Why AOD?
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Leaning Theories
37. The people we want to be.
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38. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Message Learning Approach Claims
'Ought' selves
39. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Peripheral Route
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
40. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Esteem
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self-Discrepancy Theory
41. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
2 Components of The Social Self
Extrinsic Motivation
High End of the Continuum
Low Self Monitors
42. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Prejudice
High End of the Continuum
43. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Self Expression
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Insko (1965) Results
'Ideal' selves
44. The people we think we should be.
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45. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Cons of Categorization
Behavioral= Discrimination
Affective= Prejudice
46. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
'Ideal' selves
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
47. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Subtype
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Enhancing Bias`
Social Comparison Theory
48. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Big 3 Categories
'Ideal' selves
Message Processing Theories
Subtype
49. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
'Hot' Prejudice
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Low End of the Continuum
Classical Conditioning
50. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
According to Self-perception Theory
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self Esteem
Insko (1965) Results