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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Modern research on stereotypes
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Self Concept
Operant Conditioning
2. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Self Esteem
Discrimination
Cacioppo (1983) UI
ABC Model
3. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
(PCG) Results
Intrinsic Motivation
Insko (1965)
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
4. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Operant Conditioning
Implicit Egoism
High Self Monitors
ABC Model
5. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Affective= Prejudice
Prejudice
Over Justification Effect
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
6. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Self Expression
Stereotype
Message Learning Approach Claims
Two Factor Theory of emotion
7. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
ABC Model
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Staats and Staats (1957)
8. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Terror Management Theory
Low End of the Continuum
Discrimination
Low End of the Continuum
9. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Implicit Egoism
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Individuals Low in NFC
10. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
'Hot' Prejudice
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Subtype
Implicit Association Test
11. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Stereotype
Social Categorization
Self Expression
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
12. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
'Cold' Prejudice
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Prejudice
13. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Classical Conditioning
(Shaetner) Shocks
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
14. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Behavioral= Discrimination
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Pelham) Positive Association
15. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Why AOD?
Stereotype
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
16. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Self Enhancing Bias`
Implicit Association Test
Self-Perception Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
17. The people we want to be.
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18. The people we think we should be.
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19. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
'Cold' Prejudice
Problems of MLA
Self Enhancing Bias`
20. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self Monitoring
(PCG) Results
21. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Individuals High in NFC
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Shaetner) Shocks
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
22. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Self-Perception Theory
Affective= Prejudice
2 Components of The Social Self
'Hot' Prejudice
23. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Insko (1965)
Self Handicapped
Discrimination
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
24. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Individuals High in NFC
(Shaetner) Shocks
Implicit Egoism
Self-Perception Theory
25. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
'Hot' Prejudice
According to SPT
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Common Peripheral Cues
26. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
27. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Terror Management Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Self Monitoring
Intrinsic Motivation
28. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Self Concept
Affective= Prejudice
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Cognitive= Stereotypes
29. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Why AOD?
Self Enhancing Bias`
30. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Classical Conditioning
Insko (1965)
(Amabile) Adult Participants
31. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Need For Cognition NFC
Self Expression
According to Self-perception Theory
Cognitive Consistency Theories
32. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self Enhancing Bias`
33. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Terror Management Theory
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
(Pelham) Positive Association
34. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Message Learning Approach
Low Self Monitors
Key Factor of MLA
35. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Self Concept
'Hot' Prejudice
36. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
Message Learning Approach
Contact Hypothesis
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
37. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Operant Conditioning
Individuals High in NFC
Self Complexity
According to Self-perception Theory
38. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Rebound Effect
Discrimination
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Low End of the Continuum
39. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Stereotype
Common Peripheral Cues
40. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
(Klein) False Feedback
Common Peripheral Cues
Implicit Association Test
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
41. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
Classical Conditioning
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Self-Perception Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
42. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Implicit Association Test
Insko (1965)
Message Processing Theories
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
43. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Intrinsic Motivation
According to SPT
Self Enhancing Bias`
Key Factor of MLA
44. Superficial Processing.
Self Concept
Stereotyping is generally associated with
High End of the Continuum
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
45. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Problems of MLA
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Discrimination
46. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Social Categorization
Self Monitoring
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Behavioral= Discrimination
47. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Low Self Monitors
Classical Conditioning
'Ideal' selves
Pros of Categorization
48. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Self Enhancing Bias`
High Self Monitors
Individuals High in NFC
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
49. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Problems of MLA
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Classical Conditioning
50. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Authoritarian Personality
The Elaboration Continuum
'Cold' Prejudice
(Pelham) Positive Association