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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Insko (1965)
Problems of MLA
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
2. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Why AOD?
Problems of MLA
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self Handicapped
3. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Individuals High in NFC
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Contact Hypothesis
Discrimination
4. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Self-Perception Theory
(PCG) Results
Cons of Categorization
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
5. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
ABC Model
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Big 3 Categories
Stereotype
6. Superficial Processing.
'Ought' selves
Classical Conditioning
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
7. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
'Hot' Prejudice
Affective= Prejudice
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Operant Conditioning
8. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Social Learning Explanation
Message Processing Theories
9. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
'Cold' Prejudice
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
10. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
ABC Model
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
11. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
According to SPT
ABC Model
Low Self Monitors
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
12. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Over Justification Effect
The Need to Belong
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
13. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Self Complexity
Need For Cognition NFC
Implicit Egoism
Two Factor Theory of emotion
14. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
2 Components of The Social Self
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Cons of Categorization
(Klein) False Feedback
15. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Individuals High in NFC
16. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
'Ideal' selves
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self Concept
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
17. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Staats and Staats (1957)
Message Processing Theories
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
18. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Cons of Categorization
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
19. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Self Monitoring
Terror Management Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
20. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
21. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Problems of MLA
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
22. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Big 3 Categories
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Why AOD?
Cognitive Consistency Theories
23. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Cognitive Consistency Theories
2 Components of The Social Self
High End of the Continuum
According to SPT
24. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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25. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
The Need to Belong
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
26. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Insko (1965) Results
Prejudice
Individuals Low in NFC
27. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Affective= Prejudice
Terror Management Theory
High Self Monitors
Need For Cognition NFC
28. Superficial Processing.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
According to Self-perception Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Stereotyping is generally associated with
29. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Central Route
'Cold' Prejudice
Rebound Effect
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
30. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Message Processing Theories
(Pelham) Positive Association
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
31. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
High Self Monitors
Central Route
Social Comparison Theory
Modern research on stereotypes
32. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Insko (1965)
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
33. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Self-Perception Theory
2 Components of The Social Self
Message Learning Approach Claims
Behavioral= Discrimination
34. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Need For Cognition NFC
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
According to SPT
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
35. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self Presentation
Cognitive= Stereotypes
High Self Monitors
36. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Social Learning Explanation
Implicit Egoism
Discrimination
37. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Prejudice
Big 3 Categories
Common Peripheral Cues
Need For Cognition NFC
38. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Message Processing Theories
39. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Low Self Monitors
Leaning Theories
Self-Discrepancy Theory
High Self Monitors
40. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Behavioral= Discrimination
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Authoritarian Personality
41. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Self-Perception Theory
Why AOD?
Self-Perception Theory
42. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Key Factor of MLA
(Pelham) Positive Association
Operant Conditioning
Staats and Staats (1957)
43. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Message Learning Approach
(Pelham) Positive Association
44. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Need For Cognition NFC
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
45. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Extrinsic Motivation
46. Stereotyping Increases as.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
High Elaboration (Central Route
47. The people we think we should be.
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48. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Extrinsic Motivation
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
49. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Authoritarian Personality
Insko (1965) Results
ABC Model
Key Factor of MLA
50. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
According to Self-perception Theory
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(Pelham) Positive Association