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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Terror Management Theory
The Elaboration Continuum
Self Monitoring
Social Learning Explanation
2. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
'Cold' Prejudice
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
3. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Over Justification Effect
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
4. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
According to SPT
Why AOD?
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
5. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Implicit Egoism
Low End of the Continuum
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Pros of Categorization
6. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
'Cold' Prejudice
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
7. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Behavioral= Discrimination
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
8. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Common Peripheral Cues
Operant Conditioning
According to Self-perception Theory
(Pelham) Positive Association
9. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
According to SPT
Extrinsic Motivation
10. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Extrinsic Motivation
Peripheral Route
Self-Perception Theory
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
11. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Modern research on stereotypes
12. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Key Factor of MLA
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
'Ideal' selves
High Elaboration (Central Route
13. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
14. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Pros of Categorization
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
High Self Monitors
According to Self-perception Theory
15. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Enhancing Bias`
'Hot' Prejudice
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
16. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(Shaetner) Shocks
Self Esteem
Stereotyping is generally associated with
17. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Message Learning Approach Claims
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
'Hot' Prejudice
18. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Self Expression
Implicit Egoism
Cons of Categorization
Discrimination
19. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self-Discrepancy Theory
'Ought' selves
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
20. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Low Self Monitors
Implicit Egoism
Classical Conditioning
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
21. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Contact Hypothesis
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Common Peripheral Cues
22. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Terror Management Theory
Social Learning Explanation
Staats and Staats (1957)
23. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Extrinsic Motivation
Subtype
Cons of Categorization
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
24. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Pelham) Positive Association
25. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Contact Hypothesis
Modern research on stereotypes
Self Concept
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
26. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
'Hot' Prejudice
27. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
'Hot' Prejudice
High End of the Continuum
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
28. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Self-Perception Theory
Over Justification Effect
Self Esteem
Contact Hypothesis
29. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Key Factor of MLA
Low Self Monitors
ABC Model
Intrinsic Motivation
30. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
ABC Model
Need For Cognition NFC
31. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Operant Conditioning
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Modern research on stereotypes
Big 3 Categories
32. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Operant Conditioning
Contact Hypothesis
ABC Model
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
33. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Contact Hypothesis
Problems of MLA
High Elaboration (Central Route
34. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
The Elaboration Continuum
(PCG) Results
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Staats and Staats (1957)
35. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Terror Management Theory
High Elaboration (Central Route
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
36. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Intrinsic Motivation
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Klein) False Feedback
37. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Discrimination
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
38. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Affective= Prejudice
(Klein) False Feedback
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
39. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Modern research on stereotypes
Self Monitoring
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
40. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Self Concept
Implicit Egoism
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Key Factor of MLA
41. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Cognitive= Stereotypes
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Over Justification Effect
The Elaboration Continuum
42. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Expression
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
43. Avoid effortful thinking.
'Ought' selves
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Individuals Low in NFC
Extrinsic Motivation
44. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Need For Cognition NFC
'Ought' selves
Cons of Categorization
Rebound Effect
45. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
2 Components of The Social Self
According to SPT
Rebound Effect
46. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Modern research on stereotypes
Social Learning Explanation
Individuals Low in NFC
47. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Big 3 Categories
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Need For Cognition NFC
48. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Extrinsic Motivation
Behavioral= Discrimination
49. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Pelham) Positive Association
Implicit Association Test
'Ideal' selves
50. Central Route - Systematic Processing
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Central Route
High End of the Continuum
Self Enhancing Bias`