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Social Psychology
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Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
High Elaboration (Central Route
Discrimination
2. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Self Complexity
Implicit Egoism
Cons of Categorization
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
3. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
'Ideal' selves
Self Monitoring
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Self Concept
4. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Low End of the Continuum
Central Route
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
5. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Low End of the Continuum
Insko (1965) Results
Self Esteem
6. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
'Ought' selves
'Hot' Prejudice
Intrinsic Motivation
Social Comparison Theory
7. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Insko (1965) Results
Terror Management Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Low Self Monitors
8. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Insko (1965)
Pros of Categorization
9. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Common Peripheral Cues
Message Processing Theories
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
10. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Self Handicapped
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Self Esteem
11. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
2 Components of The Social Self
Insko (1965) Results
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
12. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Need For Cognition NFC
Self-Perception Theory
Message Learning Approach
Implicit Egoism
13. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Central Route
'Cold' Prejudice
Rebound Effect
The Need to Belong
14. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Implicit Egoism
Behavioral= Discrimination
Insko (1965)
Self Enhancing Bias`
15. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Problems of MLA
Affective= Prejudice
Cacioppo (1983) UI
16. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Self-Perception Theory
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
17. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
2 Components of The Social Self
Implicit Association Test
Implicit Egoism
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
18. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Implicit Association Test
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
19. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Social Learning Explanation
Affective= Prejudice
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Prejudice
20. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Self Enhancing Bias`
High Elaboration (Central Route
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Cacioppo (1983) UI
21. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Central Route
22. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Extrinsic Motivation
Individuals High in NFC
Cons of Categorization
23. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Subtype
Cognitive Consistency Theories
24. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Discrimination
(Klein) False Feedback
The Elaboration Continuum
2 Components of The Social Self
25. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Message Learning Approach Claims
Self Handicapped
26. Doing something because you want to.
Intrinsic Motivation
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
27. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Authoritarian Personality
Self Complexity
Terror Management Theory
28. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Need For Cognition NFC
Operant Conditioning
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Prejudice
29. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Expression
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
30. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
2 Components of The Social Self
Subtype
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
31. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Message Learning Approach
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
32. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Low End of the Continuum
Affective= Prejudice
Discrimination
'Ideal' selves
33. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Big 3 Categories
Message Learning Approach Claims
Terror Management Theory
34. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self Enhancing Bias`
(PCG) Results
Cognitive= Stereotypes
35. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Message Processing Theories
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Monitoring
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
36. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Message Learning Approach
37. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
'Cold' Prejudice
Self-Perception Theory
Intrinsic Motivation
38. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Operant Conditioning
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Self Expression
39. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Stereotype
(Shaetner) Shocks
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
40. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Cons of Categorization
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Self Presentation
Social Comparison Theory
41. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Individuals Low in NFC
Central Route
Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
42. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Individuals High in NFC
Staats and Staats (1957)
Message Learning Approach Claims
Self-Discrepancy Theory
43. The people we think we should be.
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44. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Intrinsic Motivation
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Authoritarian Personality
45. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Self Handicapped
Low End of the Continuum
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
46. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Self Esteem
Social Categorization
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
47. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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48. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Behavioral= Discrimination
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Cons of Categorization
49. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
'Ideal' selves
2 Components of The Social Self
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
50. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
High End of the Continuum
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Peripheral Route
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