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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Key Factor of MLA
Self Expression
Low Self Monitors
2. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
Insko (1965) Results
According to Self-perception Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
3. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Prejudice
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Low End of the Continuum
4. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Why AOD?
High End of the Continuum
Self Presentation
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
5. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Handicapped
Terror Management Theory
(PCG) Results
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
6. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Stereotype
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
7. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Self-Perception Theory
Low Self Monitors
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Message Processing Theories
8. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Social Categorization
2 Components of The Social Self
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
9. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Need For Cognition NFC
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Shaetner) Shocks
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
10. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
High Elaboration (Central Route
Message Learning Approach
Rebound Effect
11. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
(Klein) False Feedback
Discrimination
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Social Comparison Theory
12. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
High Self Monitors
'Cold' Prejudice
According to SPT
Common Peripheral Cues
13. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self Handicapped
14. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
High Self Monitors
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Pelham) Positive Association
Two Factor Theory of emotion
15. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Self-Perception Theory
Affective= Prejudice
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Individuals Low in NFC
16. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Common Peripheral Cues
(PCG) Results
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
17. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Stereotype
According to SPT
Extrinsic Motivation
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
18. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Insko (1965) Results
Classical Conditioning
High End of the Continuum
Stereotyping is generally associated with
19. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Key Factor of MLA
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Message Processing Theories
20. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Insko (1965)
Message Learning Approach Claims
Behavioral= Discrimination
'Ought' selves
21. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
The Elaboration Continuum
Staats and Staats (1957)
According to SPT
Low End of the Continuum
22. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Authoritarian Personality
(Pelham) Positive Association
23. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
ABC Model
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Modern research on stereotypes
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
24. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
(PCG) Results
Key Factor of MLA
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
25. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
2 Components of The Social Self
Insko (1965)
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
26. Superficial Processing.
Leaning Theories
'Cold' Prejudice
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
27. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Implicit Association Test
The Need to Belong
ABC Model
28. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(Pelham) Positive Association
Cognitive= Stereotypes
29. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Extrinsic Motivation
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Pros of Categorization
30. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Prejudice
Self Expression
(Shaetner) Shocks
31. Message Learning Approach
High End of the Continuum
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Leaning Theories
Self Monitoring
32. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Cognitive Consistency Theories
'Hot' Prejudice
33. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Social Learning Explanation
ABC Model
Leaning Theories
The Elaboration Continuum
34. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Self Presentation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Staats and Staats (1957)
Leaning Theories
35. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self Esteem
Rebound Effect
Big 3 Categories
36. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Pros of Categorization
37. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(PCG) Results
(PCG) Results
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
38. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
'Ought' selves
Contact Hypothesis
39. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Individuals High in NFC
(PCG) Results
Classical Conditioning
40. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Operant Conditioning
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(Amabile) Adult Participants
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
41. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Discrimination
Self Handicapped
Key Factor of MLA
Low End of the Continuum
42. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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43. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Prejudice
(Klein) False Feedback
44. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Self Handicapped
Key Factor of MLA
Cons of Categorization
Contact Hypothesis
45. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Over Justification Effect
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Message Learning Approach Claims
46. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Peripheral Route
High End of the Continuum
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Stereotype
47. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Need For Cognition NFC
The Need to Belong
48. Doing something because you want to.
Intrinsic Motivation
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
49. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Subtype
50. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
The Need to Belong
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Self Concept
Cognitive Consistency Theories