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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Enhancing Bias`
High Self Monitors
2. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
2 Components of The Social Self
The Need to Belong
(Shaetner) Shocks
3. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Operant Conditioning
Rebound Effect
4. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Message Learning Approach
Need For Cognition NFC
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Central Route
5. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Message Processing Theories
Pros of Categorization
High Self Monitors
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
6. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
7. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Problems of MLA
High End of the Continuum
Self Enhancing Bias`
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
8. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
'Ideal' selves
Self-Perception Theory
9. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
High Elaboration (Central Route
Common Peripheral Cues
10. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Implicit Association Test
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
11. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Discrimination
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
12. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Cons of Categorization
Staats and Staats (1957)
Self-Discrepancy Theory
2 Components of The Social Self
13. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Social Categorization
Self Expression
The Need to Belong
14. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Low End of the Continuum
Over Justification Effect
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
15. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Message Processing Theories
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
16. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Leaning Theories
Self Concept
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
17. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
'Ought' selves
ABC Model
Common Peripheral Cues
(PCG) Results
18. Stereotyping Increases as.
Social Learning Explanation
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
19. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Self-Perception Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Common Peripheral Cues
20. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Classical Conditioning
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
21. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
2 Components of The Social Self
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
22. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Prejudice
(PCG) Results
Message Processing Theories
Subtype
23. Superficial Processing.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Stereotyping is generally associated with
ABC Model
ABC Model
24. Doing something because you want to.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Intrinsic Motivation
Leaning Theories
Individuals High in NFC
25. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Contact Hypothesis
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Low End of the Continuum
26. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Over Justification Effect
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Self-Perception Theory
27. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Self Monitoring
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
'Cold' Prejudice
The Need to Belong
28. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
Implicit Association Test
(Klein) False Feedback
Individuals High in NFC
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
29. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
'Ought' selves
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Why AOD?
30. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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31. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Message Learning Approach
Message Learning Approach Claims
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
32. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Central Route
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
33. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Social Learning Explanation
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Affective= Prejudice
Need For Cognition NFC
34. Avoid effortful thinking.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Individuals Low in NFC
Self Esteem
Cognitive= Stereotypes
35. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Rebound Effect
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
36. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Insko (1965)
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Staats and Staats (1957)
Cognitive Consistency Theories
37. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Low End of the Continuum
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
38. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Authoritarian Personality
Contact Hypothesis
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
39. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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40. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
According to Self-perception Theory
Self Monitoring
Low End of the Continuum
41. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Key Factor of MLA
The Elaboration Continuum
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
42. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Self Esteem
Low End of the Continuum
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
43. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
The Need to Belong
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Authoritarian Personality
44. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Affective= Prejudice
Cons of Categorization
Common Peripheral Cues
'Ought' selves
45. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
High Elaboration (Central Route
Rebound Effect
Self Esteem
46. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Self Expression
Leaning Theories
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
The Elaboration Continuum
47. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Pelham) Positive Association
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
48. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Self Concept
Extrinsic Motivation
49. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
2 Components of The Social Self
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
The Need to Belong
50. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Message Processing Theories
Self Esteem
2 Components of The Social Self
Stereotypes include many different types of information.