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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Over Justification Effect
Social Categorization
2. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Self Presentation
Stereotype
3. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Affective= Prejudice
Insko (1965)
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
4. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
The Need to Belong
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
5. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
The Need to Belong
Modern research on stereotypes
Modern research on stereotypes
Social Comparison Theory
6. The people we think we should be.
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7. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Message Learning Approach Claims
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
8. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Over Justification Effect
According to SPT
9. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Central Route
Low End of the Continuum
Two Factor Theory of emotion
10. The people we want to be.
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11. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Processing Theories
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Stereotype
Individuals Low in NFC
12. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Over Justification Effect
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
13. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Classical Conditioning
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Extrinsic Motivation
14. Avoid effortful thinking.
Individuals Low in NFC
Why AOD?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Terror Management Theory
15. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Classical Conditioning
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Over Justification Effect
(Amabile) Adult Participants
16. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Terror Management Theory
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Cognitive= Stereotypes
17. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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18. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
'Hot' Prejudice
High Self Monitors
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
19. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Stereotype
Individuals Low in NFC
Key Factor of MLA
20. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
High End of the Continuum
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
21. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Terror Management Theory
Classical Conditioning
Message Processing Theories
The Need to Belong
22. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Need For Cognition NFC
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
ABC Model
23. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Contact Hypothesis
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Self Concept
Affective= Prejudice
24. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Self-Perception Theory
Common Peripheral Cues
25. Avoid effortful thinking.
Self Expression
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Individuals Low in NFC
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
26. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
Self Presentation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Expression
27. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
The Need to Belong
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
28. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Big 3 Categories
Staats and Staats (1957)
'Cold' Prejudice
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
29. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Peripheral Route
'Cold' Prejudice
30. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Affective= Prejudice
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
31. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Big 3 Categories
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
'Ought' selves
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
32. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Peripheral Route
Intrinsic Motivation
33. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Behavioral= Discrimination
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
34. The people we think we should be.
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35. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Cons of Categorization
36. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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37. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
ABC Model
Message Learning Approach Claims
Cons of Categorization
38. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
'Ought' selves
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
39. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
According to SPT
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Individuals High in NFC
40. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Discrimination
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
High Self Monitors
Rebound Effect
41. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Contact Hypothesis
Self Complexity
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
42. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Self Complexity
Big 3 Categories
Stereotype
Cons of Categorization
43. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Authoritarian Personality
Self-Perception Theory
Pros of Categorization
High Self Monitors
44. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Message Learning Approach
Central Route
Subtype
45. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Key Factor of MLA
Extrinsic Motivation
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
46. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Self Complexity
Self Presentation
Message Learning Approach Claims
Affective= Prejudice
47. Central Route - Systematic Processing
High End of the Continuum
Low End of the Continuum
Problems of MLA
Prejudice
48. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
ABC Model
Individuals Low in NFC
49. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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50. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Self Presentation
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Stereotype
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory