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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Prejudice
Operant Conditioning
Pros of Categorization
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
2. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Self Complexity
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Low End of the Continuum
Self-Perception Theory
3. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Self Complexity
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Contact Hypothesis
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
4. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Big 3 Categories
Common Peripheral Cues
ABC Model
5. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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6. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Insko (1965) Results
Subtype
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
7. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
According to SPT
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Leaning Theories
Self Enhancing Bias`
8. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Self Handicapped
2 Components of The Social Self
Message Learning Approach
High End of the Continuum
9. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Implicit Egoism
Operant Conditioning
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
10. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Contact Hypothesis
(PCG) Results
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
11. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Self Monitoring
Common Peripheral Cues
According to SPT
(Pelham) Positive Association
12. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
According to Self-perception Theory
Subtype
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(PCG) Results
13. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Stereotype
Social Learning Explanation
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
14. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Contact Hypothesis
Rebound Effect
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
15. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
'Cold' Prejudice
Message Processing Theories
Operant Conditioning
Individuals High in NFC
16. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Self Presentation
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Prejudice
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
17. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Message Learning Approach
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Low End of the Continuum
18. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Self Handicapped
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Modern research on stereotypes
19. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Self Concept
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
20. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Central Route
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
21. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Stereotype
Subtype
Why AOD?
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
22. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Why AOD?
Peripheral Route
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
23. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Authoritarian Personality
High End of the Continuum
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
24. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
The Need to Belong
Self Complexity
25. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Behavioral= Discrimination
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
26. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Self Presentation
'Ought' selves
Individuals High in NFC
Common Peripheral Cues
27. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Over Justification Effect
Low Self Monitors
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Two Factor Theory of emotion
28. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
29. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Key Factor of MLA
Stereotype
30. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
High Self Monitors
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Esteem
'Ought' selves
31. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Need For Cognition NFC
Implicit Association Test
Self Concept
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
32. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Low Self Monitors
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
33. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Peripheral Route
Message Processing Theories
Individuals Low in NFC
Cons of Categorization
34. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
High End of the Continuum
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Key Factor of MLA
According to Self-perception Theory
35. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Implicit Egoism
Social Categorization
Extrinsic Motivation
Self Concept
36. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Message Processing Theories
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Individuals High in NFC
37. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Affective= Prejudice
Why AOD?
Cognitive= Stereotypes
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
38. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Key Factor of MLA
Self Handicapped
Low Self Monitors
Insko (1965)
39. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Self Presentation
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Prejudice
40. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
According to Self-perception Theory
(Klein) False Feedback
(Pelham) Positive Association
Individuals High in NFC
41. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Self Concept
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
High End of the Continuum
42. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Low Self Monitors
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Cognitive= Stereotypes
'Cold' Prejudice
43. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Big 3 Categories
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Peripheral Route
44. Message Learning Approach
Common Peripheral Cues
Contact Hypothesis
Self Esteem
Leaning Theories
45. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Individuals High in NFC
ABC Model
Self Expression
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
46. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Affective= Prejudice
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
47. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
High Self Monitors
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Stereotype
48. Superficial Processing.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Individuals High in NFC
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
49. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
High Elaboration (Central Route
Prejudice
Problems of MLA
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
50. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Why AOD?
Intrinsic Motivation