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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Low Self Monitors
(Pelham) Positive Association
Message Learning Approach Claims
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
2. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Common Peripheral Cues
Self-Perception Theory
3. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Message Learning Approach
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
4. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Self Enhancing Bias`
'Cold' Prejudice
(PCG) Results
Terror Management Theory
5. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
2 Components of The Social Self
Low Self Monitors
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Message Learning Approach Claims
6. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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7. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Social Categorization
Authoritarian Personality
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
8. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Behavioral= Discrimination
Prejudice
Over Justification Effect
9. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self-Perception Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Self-Discrepancy Theory
10. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Social Comparison Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Over Justification Effect
11. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
2 Components of The Social Self
According to Self-perception Theory
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Why AOD?
12. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Affective= Prejudice
Central Route
13. Initially played game for 20mins average - when given extra credit played 25mins (ave) - after reward stopped played only for 14min -
Classical Conditioning
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Pros of Categorization
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
14. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(PCG) Results
15. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
'Ideal' selves
Need For Cognition NFC
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Intrinsic Motivation
16. Superficial Processing.
Self Complexity
The Need to Belong
Discrimination
Stereotyping is generally associated with
17. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self Complexity
18. Message Learning Approach
Leaning Theories
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Over Justification Effect
19. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
ABC Model
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Pelham) Positive Association
20. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Klein) False Feedback
Two Factor Theory of emotion
21. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Shaetner) Shocks
Individuals Low in NFC
22. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Handicapped
Self Esteem
High End of the Continuum
Operant Conditioning
23. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Self Complexity
Low Self Monitors
Contact Hypothesis
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
24. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Prejudice
Operant Conditioning
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
25. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Self Esteem
Operant Conditioning
The Elaboration Continuum
26. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Problems of MLA
'Hot' Prejudice
(Klein) False Feedback
Authoritarian Personality
27. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
(Shaetner) Shocks
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Subtype
28. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
Self-Perception Theory
Self-Perception Theory
Implicit Association Test
29. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Why AOD?
Peripheral Route
Peripheral Route
30. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Big 3 Categories
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Key Factor of MLA
Message Processing Theories
31. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Social Categorization
Stereotype
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
32. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Implicit Association Test
Extrinsic Motivation
Need For Cognition NFC
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
33. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Prejudice
Self Expression
Modern research on stereotypes
34. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Problems of MLA
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Self Concept
Affective= Prejudice
35. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
(PCG) Results
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Subtype
36. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Need For Cognition NFC
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
37. Avoid effortful thinking.
The Elaboration Continuum
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Individuals Low in NFC
Leaning Theories
38. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self Presentation
Individuals Low in NFC
39. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Modern research on stereotypes
Social Learning Explanation
40. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
The Elaboration Continuum
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
41. Doing something because you want to.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Intrinsic Motivation
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Pros of Categorization
42. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
'Ought' selves
Modern research on stereotypes
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
43. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Message Learning Approach Claims
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Individuals High in NFC
44. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Social Comparison Theory
Message Learning Approach
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Big 3 Categories
45. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
ABC Model
The Need to Belong
Stereotype
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
46. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Common Peripheral Cues
Problems of MLA
The Elaboration Continuum
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
47. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
Classical Conditioning
(Klein) False Feedback
Common Peripheral Cues
Staats and Staats (1957)
48. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Intrinsic Motivation
Low Self Monitors
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Rebound Effect
49. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
According to Self-perception Theory
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Modern research on stereotypes
50. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Low End of the Continuum
Message Processing Theories
Over Justification Effect