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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
ABC Model
Message Learning Approach Claims
Key Factor of MLA
Self Handicapped
2. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Self Esteem
Operant Conditioning
3. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Subtype
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
4. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Intrinsic Motivation
Operant Conditioning
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Problems of MLA
5. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Individuals Low in NFC
(Shaetner) Shocks
Over Justification Effect
Pros of Categorization
6. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Need For Cognition NFC
Self-Perception Theory
Prejudice
Stereotype
7. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Individuals Low in NFC
8. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
Behavioral= Discrimination
Implicit Association Test
(Klein) False Feedback
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
9. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
High Elaboration (Central Route
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
10. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Social Comparison Theory
According to Self-perception Theory
Central Route
11. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Self Concept
'Ought' selves
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Individuals Low in NFC
12. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Prejudice
Authoritarian Personality
Self Enhancing Bias`
13. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
According to SPT
High Self Monitors
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
14. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Low End of the Continuum
Insko (1965)
(Klein) False Feedback
15. Stereotyping Increases as.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Over Justification Effect
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
16. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Implicit Egoism
According to SPT
(Shaetner) Shocks
17. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Discrimination
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Insko (1965) Results
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
18. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
19. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
20. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Self Complexity
Cons of Categorization
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
The Need to Belong
21. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Klein) False Feedback
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(PCG) Results
22. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Big 3 Categories
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Self Concept
Modern research on stereotypes
23. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Implicit Egoism
The Elaboration Continuum
Authoritarian Personality
(Shaetner) Shocks
24. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
High Self Monitors
Problems of MLA
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Behavioral= Discrimination
25. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Stereotype
Authoritarian Personality
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Need For Cognition NFC
26. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Intrinsic Motivation
Classical Conditioning
Authoritarian Personality
27. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
2 Components of The Social Self
Message Processing Theories
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
28. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Insko (1965)
Low Self Monitors
Self-Perception Theory
29. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Individuals Low in NFC
The Need to Belong
Common Peripheral Cues
30. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
Staats and Staats (1957)
Social Comparison Theory
Authoritarian Personality
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
31. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Terror Management Theory
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
According to Self-perception Theory
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
32. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Message Processing Theories
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Over Justification Effect
33. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Rebound Effect
Self Handicapped
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
34. Central Route - Systematic Processing
High End of the Continuum
Intrinsic Motivation
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
35. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Self-Perception Theory
Central Route
Need For Cognition NFC
36. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Classical Conditioning
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Extrinsic Motivation
37. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Over Justification Effect
Social Categorization
Insko (1965)
Problems of MLA
38. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Contact Hypothesis
Individuals High in NFC
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
39. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Cons of Categorization
Self Complexity
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
'Ought' selves
40. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Big 3 Categories
'Ought' selves
Low Self Monitors
Discrimination
41. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Concept
42. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Terror Management Theory
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
43. The people we want to be.
44. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Common Peripheral Cues
According to Self-perception Theory
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
45. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Self-Perception Theory
46. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
High Self Monitors
Big 3 Categories
'Cold' Prejudice
47. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Leaning Theories
Big 3 Categories
Self-Perception Theory
48. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Need For Cognition NFC
Staats and Staats (1957)
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
49. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Affective= Prejudice
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
50. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
Cognitive= Stereotypes
ABC Model
Self Monitoring