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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Rebound Effect
Subtype
Self Enhancing Bias`
2. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
ABC Model
Need For Cognition NFC
Contact Hypothesis
3. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Intrinsic Motivation
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self Complexity
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
4. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Terror Management Theory
Cons of Categorization
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
5. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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6. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Over Justification Effect
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
High Self Monitors
7. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Key Factor of MLA
Behavioral= Discrimination
8. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Central Route
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
9. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Extrinsic Motivation
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Self-Perception Theory
Operant Conditioning
10. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Self Complexity
Social Comparison Theory
Peripheral Route
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
11. The people we want to be.
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12. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Big 3 Categories
Low End of the Continuum
Stereotype
13. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
According to SPT
Common Peripheral Cues
Self Enhancing Bias`
14. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Message Processing Theories
Self Expression
15. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Prejudice
Contact Hypothesis
Discrimination
16. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Social Comparison Theory
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
High Elaboration (Central Route
17. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
According to Self-perception Theory
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Over Justification Effect
Self-Discrepancy Theory
18. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Problems of MLA
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
19. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Prejudice
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Shaetner) Shocks
20. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Authoritarian Personality
Why AOD?
Problems of MLA
Pros of Categorization
21. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Intrinsic Motivation
Self-Perception Theory
High End of the Continuum
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
22. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Message Learning Approach Claims
2 Components of The Social Self
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
23. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Discrimination
Operant Conditioning
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Modern research on stereotypes
24. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
According to Self-perception Theory
Common Peripheral Cues
High End of the Continuum
Insko (1965)
25. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self Handicapped
26. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
According to Self-perception Theory
Need For Cognition NFC
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Individuals High in NFC
27. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Shaetner) Shocks
According to SPT
28. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Implicit Egoism
Pros of Categorization
Classical Conditioning
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
29. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Prejudice
Implicit Egoism
'Cold' Prejudice
30. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Over Justification Effect
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Cons of Categorization
31. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
According to SPT
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Individuals High in NFC
(Klein) False Feedback
32. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Operant Conditioning
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Authoritarian Personality
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
33. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
'Hot' Prejudice
Subtype
Modern research on stereotypes
Subtype
34. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
(PCG) Results
Discrimination
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Self Monitoring
35. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Rebound Effect
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(PCG) Results
Over Justification Effect
36. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Self Concept
Implicit Association Test
Individuals High in NFC
Behavioral= Discrimination
37. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Handicapped
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Message Processing Theories
38. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Self Esteem
Insko (1965)
Self Enhancing Bias`
Classical Conditioning
39. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Self Expression
Terror Management Theory
Subtype
Problems of MLA
40. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Leaning Theories
Contact Hypothesis
Operant Conditioning
Self-Discrepancy Theory
41. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Self Monitoring
Low Self Monitors
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
42. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Pros of Categorization
Extrinsic Motivation
Implicit Association Test
43. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Operant Conditioning
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
44. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
2 Components of The Social Self
Low Self Monitors
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Problems of MLA
45. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(Klein) False Feedback
2 Components of The Social Self
The Elaboration Continuum
46. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Modern research on stereotypes
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Implicit Association Test
47. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Need For Cognition NFC
The Elaboration Continuum
Rebound Effect
Self Enhancing Bias`
48. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
'Cold' Prejudice
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
49. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
2 Components of The Social Self
Why AOD?
High Self Monitors
50. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Subtype