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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Extrinsic Motivation
Problems of MLA
The Need to Belong
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
2. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Self-Perception Theory
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self Presentation
Terror Management Theory
3. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Affective= Prejudice
(Pelham) Positive Association
4. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Social Categorization
Social Categorization
(Shaetner) Shocks
5. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Self-Discrepancy Theory
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Social Categorization
Affective= Prejudice
6. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Message Learning Approach Claims
Behavioral= Discrimination
7. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Big 3 Categories
Implicit Egoism
Self Monitoring
Operant Conditioning
8. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Self Presentation
Problems of MLA
Central Route
9. Avoid effortful thinking.
Social Comparison Theory
Low End of the Continuum
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Individuals Low in NFC
10. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Message Learning Approach
Key Factor of MLA
Big 3 Categories
High Self Monitors
11. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Stereotype
Message Learning Approach
Prejudice
Low End of the Continuum
12. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Insko (1965) Results
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Why AOD?
13. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Staats and Staats (1957)
According to Self-perception Theory
Operant Conditioning
Implicit Association Test
14. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Subtype
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
15. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Extrinsic Motivation
Low End of the Continuum
Key Factor of MLA
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
16. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Stereotype
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Self-Perception Theory
17. Doing something because you want to.
The Need to Belong
Intrinsic Motivation
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
18. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Insko (1965) Results
According to SPT
Affective= Prejudice
19. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Pros of Categorization
Low End of the Continuum
20. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Insko (1965) Results
High Self Monitors
(Klein) False Feedback
21. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
'Hot' Prejudice
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Insko (1965)
22. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
'Ideal' selves
Problems of MLA
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Affective= Prejudice
23. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Self Monitoring
Problems of MLA
Self Expression
24. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Peripheral Route
Over Justification Effect
The Elaboration Continuum
(Klein) False Feedback
25. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Discrimination
Pros of Categorization
26. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Individuals Low in NFC
Subtype
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Presentation
27. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Rebound Effect
Self-Perception Theory
Need For Cognition NFC
Cons of Categorization
28. Extreme hatred for other groups.
29. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Over Justification Effect
(Pelham) Positive Association
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
30. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Classical Conditioning
Leaning Theories
Authoritarian Personality
31. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Self-Perception Theory
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Self Expression
High Self Monitors
32. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Pelham) Positive Association
33. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Staats and Staats (1957)
Central Route
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
34. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Need For Cognition NFC
The Need to Belong
According to Self-perception Theory
Big 3 Categories
35. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Classical Conditioning
Message Learning Approach Claims
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
36. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Pros of Categorization
Contact Hypothesis
Authoritarian Personality
37. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Klein) False Feedback
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Need For Cognition NFC
38. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
High End of the Continuum
Modern research on stereotypes
Individuals Low in NFC
Self Complexity
39. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Individuals High in NFC
Common Peripheral Cues
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
The Need to Belong
40. Stereotyping Increases as.
Individuals Low in NFC
Intrinsic Motivation
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
41. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Why AOD?
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
42. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Subtype
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
High Self Monitors
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
43. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
44. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Pros of Categorization
The Elaboration Continuum
Individuals Low in NFC
45. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Low End of the Continuum
Pros of Categorization
ABC Model
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
46. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Big 3 Categories
Common Peripheral Cues
Message Learning Approach
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
47. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
48. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Behavioral= Discrimination
Authoritarian Personality
Pros of Categorization
Social Categorization
49. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Leaning Theories
Insko (1965)
Social Learning Explanation
Problems of MLA
50. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Terror Management Theory
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Social Comparison Theory