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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
High End of the Continuum
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Leaning Theories
Low End of the Continuum
2. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Affective= Prejudice
Cons of Categorization
Self Concept
Cacioppo (1983) UI
3. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Key Factor of MLA
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Self Enhancing Bias`
4. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Big 3 Categories
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Individuals High in NFC
5. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Central Route
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Behavioral= Discrimination
6. Superficial Processing.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Affective= Prejudice
7. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Self Concept
Discrimination
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Insko (1965)
8. Message Learning Approach
(Pelham) Positive Association
Leaning Theories
Central Route
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
9. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
ABC Model
Self Handicapped
Cons of Categorization
Implicit Association Test
10. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Self Esteem
11. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
Pros of Categorization
The Elaboration Continuum
Social Learning Explanation
12. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
High Self Monitors
Key Factor of MLA
Over Justification Effect
Need For Cognition NFC
13. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Implicit Egoism
Self-Perception Theory
High Elaboration (Central Route
High End of the Continuum
14. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Insko (1965)
Peripheral Route
Self Expression
Stereotype
15. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Insko (1965) Results
'Hot' Prejudice
Extrinsic Motivation
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
16. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Leaning Theories
Behavioral= Discrimination
Big 3 Categories
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
17. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Individuals High in NFC
Key Factor of MLA
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
18. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
High Elaboration (Central Route
Social Comparison Theory
19. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Operant Conditioning
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
20. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Self-Perception Theory
Central Route
Self Enhancing Bias`
Self-Perception Theory
21. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
2 Components of The Social Self
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Implicit Association Test
Cons of Categorization
22. Superficial Processing.
Problems of MLA
Key Factor of MLA
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(Klein) False Feedback
23. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Discrimination
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
24. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Classical Conditioning
Low Self Monitors
Contact Hypothesis
Self Enhancing Bias`
25. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Subtype
Big 3 Categories
Pros of Categorization
Self Expression
26. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Implicit Egoism
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Klein) False Feedback
27. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Individuals Low in NFC
Social Categorization
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Low End of the Continuum
28. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Leaning Theories
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Behavioral= Discrimination
Cognitive= Stereotypes
29. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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30. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Key Factor of MLA
Subtype
Cognitive= Stereotypes
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
31. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Common Peripheral Cues
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Classical Conditioning
32. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Cons of Categorization
Affective= Prejudice
33. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
(PCG) Results
Contact Hypothesis
Social Learning Explanation
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
34. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
'Ought' selves
Self-Perception Theory
'Ideal' selves
Social Categorization
35. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Peripheral Route
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Problems of MLA
Over Justification Effect
36. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Cons of Categorization
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Terror Management Theory
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
37. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
The Need to Belong
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Need For Cognition NFC
38. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Key Factor of MLA
According to Self-perception Theory
Over Justification Effect
39. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Operant Conditioning
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
The Need to Belong
High End of the Continuum
40. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
41. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Klein) False Feedback
Message Learning Approach Claims
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
42. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Klein) False Feedback
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Low Self Monitors
43. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Self-Perception Theory
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
44. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
'Ideal' selves
45. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
ABC Model
According to SPT
The Elaboration Continuum
'Cold' Prejudice
46. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Insko (1965) Results
Self Complexity
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
47. Message Learning Approach
Terror Management Theory
'Ideal' selves
'Hot' Prejudice
Leaning Theories
48. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Self-Perception Theory
Behavioral= Discrimination
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Authoritarian Personality
49. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Affective= Prejudice
Message Learning Approach Claims
Self Presentation
Individuals Low in NFC
50. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Insko (1965)
Terror Management Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Peripheral Route