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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Stereotyping is generally associated with
According to SPT
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self Concept
2. Central Route - Systematic Processing
ABC Model
Discrimination
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
High End of the Continuum
3. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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4. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
According to SPT
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self Handicapped
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
5. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Peripheral Route
'Ought' selves
Prejudice
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
6. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Modern research on stereotypes
Self Expression
Self-Perception Theory
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
7. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Leaning Theories
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(Amabile) Adult Participants
8. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Big 3 Categories
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Extrinsic Motivation
9. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Common Peripheral Cues
10. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Staats and Staats (1957)
Stereotype
According to SPT
11. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
According to SPT
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
12. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Over Justification Effect
Prejudice
According to SPT
13. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Low Self Monitors
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
14. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
The Elaboration Continuum
Implicit Egoism
Contact Hypothesis
15. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Problems of MLA
According to SPT
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Big 3 Categories
16. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self Complexity
Low Self Monitors
17. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Authoritarian Personality
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
According to Self-perception Theory
Subtype
18. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Social Learning Explanation
Message Processing Theories
Low Self Monitors
'Hot' Prejudice
19. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
'Ideal' selves
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
High Self Monitors
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
20. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Why AOD?
According to Self-perception Theory
'Hot' Prejudice
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
21. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Insko (1965)
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
22. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Klein) False Feedback
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Stereotype
23. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
Key Factor of MLA
Message Learning Approach Claims
Insko (1965)
24. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
According to Self-perception Theory
Implicit Association Test
Stereotyping is generally associated with
2 Components of The Social Self
25. Message Learning Approach
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Social Categorization
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Leaning Theories
26. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Social Comparison Theory
Message Learning Approach
According to SPT
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
27. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Stereotype
Staats and Staats (1957)
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
28. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Leaning Theories
The Elaboration Continuum
29. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Pros of Categorization
Rebound Effect
High Elaboration (Central Route
Implicit Association Test
30. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Authoritarian Personality
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
31. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Implicit Association Test
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Classical Conditioning
32. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Cons of Categorization
Operant Conditioning
Self Monitoring
Cons of Categorization
33. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Low End of the Continuum
Self Presentation
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
34. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Affective= Prejudice
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
35. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Cognitive Consistency Theories
High Elaboration (Central Route
36. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Individuals High in NFC
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
37. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Classical Conditioning
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
2 Components of The Social Self
High End of the Continuum
38. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
'Ought' selves
Individuals High in NFC
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Classical Conditioning
39. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Implicit Egoism
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
40. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Rebound Effect
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Self Expression
41. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Big 3 Categories
Self-Perception Theory
42. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Self Concept
High Elaboration (Central Route
Discrimination
43. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Self Complexity
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Pros of Categorization
44. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Modern research on stereotypes
Classical Conditioning
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
45. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Social Categorization
'Hot' Prejudice
Pros of Categorization
Self Monitoring
46. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Implicit Egoism
(Klein) False Feedback
Two Factor Theory of emotion
47. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Insko (1965) Results
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
'Cold' Prejudice
Message Learning Approach
48. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
49. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
(PCG) Results
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
50. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
According to SPT
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Peripheral Route