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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Common Peripheral Cues
Stereotype
Central Route
2. Superficial Processing.
Discrimination
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Low Self Monitors
Prejudice
3. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Problems of MLA
Message Learning Approach
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
4. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Staats and Staats (1957)
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Terror Management Theory
5. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
According to Self-perception Theory
Classical Conditioning
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
6. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Pelham) Positive Association
Cons of Categorization
Cognitive Consistency Theories
7. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Discrimination
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
8. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Rebound Effect
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Implicit Egoism
Authoritarian Personality
9. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Social Categorization
Contact Hypothesis
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Leaning Theories
10. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Central Route
Social Comparison Theory
Self Concept
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
11. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
'Hot' Prejudice
Why AOD?
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
12. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Esteem
(Amabile) Adult Participants
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
13. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
High End of the Continuum
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
14. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Message Processing Theories
Implicit Egoism
Discrimination
Social Comparison Theory
15. Avoid effortful thinking.
Individuals Low in NFC
Low Self Monitors
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Over Justification Effect
16. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Insko (1965) Results
Self Concept
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Prejudice
17. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Self-Perception Theory
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
'Ideal' selves
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
18. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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19. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Big 3 Categories
'Cold' Prejudice
Central Route
20. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Implicit Egoism
Self-Perception Theory
According to SPT
(PCG) Results
21. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Pelham) Positive Association
2 Components of The Social Self
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
22. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Self-Perception Theory
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Implicit Association Test
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
23. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
The Need to Belong
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
'Hot' Prejudice
Cacioppo (1983) UI
24. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Cognitive= Stereotypes
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Central Route
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
25. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Prejudice
26. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Self Complexity
Self-Perception Theory
Implicit Egoism
Social Learning Explanation
27. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Social Categorization
Modern research on stereotypes
Self Concept
28. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Self-Perception Theory
Modern research on stereotypes
Classical Conditioning
Two Factor Theory of emotion
29. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Insko (1965)
Need For Cognition NFC
(Amabile) Adult Participants
30. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
'Ideal' selves
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Operant Conditioning
Common Peripheral Cues
31. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Low Self Monitors
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Shaetner) Shocks
Self Complexity
32. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Subtype
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
33. Message Learning Approach
Low End of the Continuum
Implicit Association Test
Leaning Theories
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
34. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Problems of MLA
Self Monitoring
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
35. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Terror Management Theory
Self Monitoring
Insko (1965)
Common Peripheral Cues
36. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Social Learning Explanation
Two Factor Theory of emotion
2 Components of The Social Self
37. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Cons of Categorization
Key Factor of MLA
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Intrinsic Motivation
38. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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39. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Peripheral Route
40. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Need For Cognition NFC
Prejudice
Self Concept
Individuals Low in NFC
41. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
High Self Monitors
'Ought' selves
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
42. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Low End of the Continuum
Insko (1965) Results
43. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Terror Management Theory
Affective= Prejudice
Message Learning Approach Claims
44. Avoid effortful thinking.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Individuals Low in NFC
45. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Central Route
The Elaboration Continuum
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Terror Management Theory
46. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Discrimination
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Cons of Categorization
47. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Cons of Categorization
Discrimination
Implicit Egoism
48. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
The Elaboration Continuum
Self Expression
According to Self-perception Theory
49. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
The Elaboration Continuum
50. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Cons of Categorization
Classical Conditioning
Why AOD?
Cognitive Dissonance Steps