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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Social Comparison Theory
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
2. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Low Self Monitors
Extrinsic Motivation
Prejudice
3. Avoid effortful thinking.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Individuals Low in NFC
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Klein) False Feedback
4. The people we want to be.
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5. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Low End of the Continuum
ABC Model
(Amabile) Adult Participants
6. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Self Esteem
Subtype
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
7. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Low End of the Continuum
Rebound Effect
Self Complexity
8. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Extrinsic Motivation
Terror Management Theory
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
9. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Operant Conditioning
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Insko (1965)
10. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Modern research on stereotypes
Staats and Staats (1957)
11. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Self Handicapped
Affective= Prejudice
Insko (1965)
ABC Model
12. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Leaning Theories
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
13. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self Concept
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Rebound Effect
14. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Self Complexity
Message Processing Theories
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Low End of the Continuum
15. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Message Learning Approach Claims
(PCG) Results
Leaning Theories
Cons of Categorization
16. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Why AOD?
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
2 Components of The Social Self
Extrinsic Motivation
17. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Common Peripheral Cues
Social Categorization
The Need to Belong
Insko (1965)
18. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Self Presentation
Self-Perception Theory
Self Complexity
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
19. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Problems of MLA
ABC Model
Over Justification Effect
High Elaboration (Central Route
20. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Peripheral Route
'Hot' Prejudice
Key Factor of MLA
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
21. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Terror Management Theory
Affective= Prejudice
Problems of MLA
According to Self-perception Theory
22. Stereotyping Increases as.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Social Comparison Theory
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
'Hot' Prejudice
23. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Social Categorization
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Self Expression
Modern research on stereotypes
24. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Cognitive= Stereotypes
'Ought' selves
Two Factor Theory of emotion
25. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Key Factor of MLA
Self-Perception Theory
Individuals Low in NFC
Self Monitoring
26. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Message Learning Approach Claims
27. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Self Monitoring
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Peripheral Route
Self-Perception Theory
28. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Insko (1965)
'Ideal' selves
Self Presentation
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
29. Doing something because you want to.
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Concept
Self Handicapped
Individuals Low in NFC
30. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Cons of Categorization
31. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
ABC Model
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Self Handicapped
32. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Self-Perception Theory
(Shaetner) Shocks
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
33. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Self-Perception Theory
Problems of MLA
Why AOD?
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
34. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Expression
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Peripheral Route
35. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Self-Discrepancy Theory
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
36. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Message Learning Approach
Self Complexity
Operant Conditioning
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
37. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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38. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Stereotype
Cons of Categorization
The Elaboration Continuum
39. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Individuals High in NFC
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Why AOD?
40. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Subtype
Social Learning Explanation
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
According to SPT
41. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Key Factor of MLA
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
42. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Implicit Egoism
Insko (1965)
Modern research on stereotypes
Prejudice
43. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
'Ideal' selves
Classical Conditioning
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
44. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Extrinsic Motivation
Self Concept
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Prejudice
45. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Self Expression
Insko (1965)
46. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Extrinsic Motivation
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
'Ought' selves
High End of the Continuum
47. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Social Learning Explanation
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Subtype
Individuals High in NFC
48. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Classical Conditioning
'Ideal' selves
49. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Individuals High in NFC
(Klein) False Feedback
50. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
(Klein) False Feedback
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
2 Components of The Social Self