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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
ABC Model
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Discrimination
Terror Management Theory
2. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Implicit Association Test
Low Self Monitors
Message Processing Theories
3. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Self-Perception Theory
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Self Presentation
4. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Stereotype
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Social Categorization
5. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Subtype
(Shaetner) Shocks
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
6. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Authoritarian Personality
Intrinsic Motivation
Insko (1965) Results
Two Factor Theory of emotion
7. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Authoritarian Personality
Self-Perception Theory
(Klein) False Feedback
High Elaboration (Central Route
8. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Terror Management Theory
2 Components of The Social Self
High End of the Continuum
Cons of Categorization
9. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
High End of the Continuum
Message Processing Theories
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
High Elaboration (Central Route
10. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Message Learning Approach
Modern research on stereotypes
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
11. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Need For Cognition NFC
2 Components of The Social Self
Authoritarian Personality
Pros of Categorization
12. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Self Handicapped
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
The Need to Belong
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
13. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
(PCG) Results
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Why AOD?
14. The people we think we should be.
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15. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Self Handicapped
Modern research on stereotypes
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Self Complexity
16. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
The Elaboration Continuum
Social Categorization
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
17. Superficial Processing.
Self Handicapped
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Cacioppo (1983) UI
18. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Extrinsic Motivation
'Hot' Prejudice
Contact Hypothesis
Affective= Prejudice
19. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Self-Perception Theory
Authoritarian Personality
Behavioral= Discrimination
Cognitive Consistency Theories
20. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Common Peripheral Cues
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Individuals High in NFC
21. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
'Cold' Prejudice
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Stereotyping is generally associated with
22. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
23. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Cacioppo (1983) UI
24. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Peripheral Route
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Leaning Theories
25. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Staats and Staats (1957)
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Individuals High in NFC
26. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Operant Conditioning
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Key Factor of MLA
Message Processing Theories
27. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Social Categorization
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Message Processing Theories
(PCG) Results
28. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
'Cold' Prejudice
Big 3 Categories
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
29. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Central Route
Intrinsic Motivation
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
30. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Need For Cognition NFC
Self-Perception Theory
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self-Perception Theory
31. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
(Klein) False Feedback
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Discrimination
32. Central Route - Systematic Processing
High End of the Continuum
'Ought' selves
Individuals Low in NFC
Key Factor of MLA
33. Stereotyping Increases as.
Individuals High in NFC
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
34. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Pros of Categorization
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Leaning Theories
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
35. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Shaetner) Shocks
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
36. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
The Need to Belong
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(PCG) Results
Self-Perception Theory
37. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self Concept
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Terror Management Theory
38. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Contact Hypothesis
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Self Concept
39. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Esteem
Self Expression
Affective= Prejudice
Rebound Effect
40. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(PCG) Results
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Problems of MLA
41. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Individuals Low in NFC
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Social Categorization
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
42. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Stereotype
Affective= Prejudice
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Prejudice
43. Avoid effortful thinking.
Individuals Low in NFC
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Individuals High in NFC
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
44. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Self Enhancing Bias`
Modern research on stereotypes
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
45. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Big 3 Categories
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Need For Cognition NFC
46. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Individuals Low in NFC
Key Factor of MLA
47. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Pros of Categorization
Message Learning Approach
The Need to Belong
Discrimination
48. Doing something because you want to.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Peripheral Route
Self Enhancing Bias`
Intrinsic Motivation
49. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
'Cold' Prejudice
50. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Common Peripheral Cues
Self Complexity
High Self Monitors