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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Prejudice
2. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
2 Components of The Social Self
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Individuals High in NFC
3. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
4. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Over Justification Effect
Problems of MLA
High End of the Continuum
5. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
According to SPT
'Hot' Prejudice
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
6. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Self Monitoring
Behavioral= Discrimination
Cons of Categorization
'Ought' selves
7. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(Pelham) Positive Association
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Big 3 Categories
8. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
(Klein) False Feedback
The Elaboration Continuum
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Message Learning Approach
9. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
ABC Model
Stereotype
10. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Self-Perception Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Extrinsic Motivation
11. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Low End of the Continuum
Operant Conditioning
'Ought' selves
Low Self Monitors
12. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Big 3 Categories
Self-Perception Theory
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self Expression
13. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
'Ideal' selves
Prejudice
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
14. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Behavioral= Discrimination
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
15. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Low Self Monitors
Social Learning Explanation
Subtype
Low End of the Continuum
16. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Self Concept
Social Comparison Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Terror Management Theory
17. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Self Expression
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Self Complexity
18. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
19. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Common Peripheral Cues
20. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Individuals High in NFC
Stereotype
Terror Management Theory
Social Learning Explanation
21. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Stereotype
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Central Route
Insko (1965) Results
22. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Extrinsic Motivation
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Modern research on stereotypes
Extrinsic Motivation
23. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Key Factor of MLA
'Hot' Prejudice
Affective= Prejudice
Self Concept
24. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
2 Components of The Social Self
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
High Self Monitors
25. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Common Peripheral Cues
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
'Cold' Prejudice
According to SPT
26. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Self Esteem
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(PCG) Results
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
27. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Common Peripheral Cues
Rebound Effect
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
28. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Self Handicapped
Behavioral= Discrimination
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Klein) False Feedback
29. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Implicit Association Test
Key Factor of MLA
Individuals High in NFC
Behavioral= Discrimination
30. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Pros of Categorization
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Self Esteem
31. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Pros of Categorization
Self Esteem
32. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Leaning Theories
Social Learning Explanation
Self Complexity
33. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Low Self Monitors
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Key Factor of MLA
34. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Self Expression
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Affective= Prejudice
35. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Self Monitoring
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Self Enhancing Bias`
36. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
The Need to Belong
High Self Monitors
Low Self Monitors
37. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Discrimination
Social Categorization
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Social Learning Explanation
38. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Self Expression
Big 3 Categories
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Pelham) Positive Association
39. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Stereotype
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Implicit Association Test
According to SPT
40. Relies on subtle methods: Disguised questionaires -Elaborate cover stories -Physiological measures -Implicit reaction times.
Social Comparison Theory
Rebound Effect
Modern research on stereotypes
Pros of Categorization
41. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Self Monitoring
Need For Cognition NFC
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Enhancing Bias`
42. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Social Comparison Theory
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Over Justification Effect
Self Concept
43. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Self Esteem
'Ideal' selves
Central Route
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
44. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Self Esteem
Self Concept
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Problems of MLA
45. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Individuals Low in NFC
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Rebound Effect
46. Avoid effortful thinking.
Individuals Low in NFC
High Self Monitors
Pros of Categorization
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
47. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Self-Perception Theory
48. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Leaning Theories
Need For Cognition NFC
Self Handicapped
Key Factor of MLA
49. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
High Elaboration (Central Route
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Intrinsic Motivation
50. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Self Expression
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Key Factor of MLA
(Lepper) Kids and Markers