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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
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Subject
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humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
The Elaboration Continuum
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Common Peripheral Cues
Problems of MLA
2. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Individuals Low in NFC
Peripheral Route
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
3. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
According to SPT
The Need to Belong
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self-Perception Theory
4. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Pelham) Positive Association
Key Factor of MLA
5. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Operant Conditioning
Self Concept
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Stereotyping is generally associated with
6. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Message Learning Approach Claims
7. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
'Ideal' selves
Self Esteem
Classical Conditioning
8. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
The Need to Belong
Extrinsic Motivation
Stereotype
9. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Big 3 Categories
Social Comparison Theory
ABC Model
10. Superficial Processing.
According to Self-perception Theory
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Big 3 Categories
11. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
According to SPT
Subtype
Message Learning Approach
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
12. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Classical Conditioning
'Ideal' selves
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Shaetner) Shocks
13. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Big 3 Categories
Low Self Monitors
14. Central Route - Systematic Processing
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
High End of the Continuum
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
15. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Why AOD?
Social Learning Explanation
'Hot' Prejudice
16. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Shaetner) Shocks
17. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
ABC Model
High End of the Continuum
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
18. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Key Factor of MLA
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Social Learning Explanation
19. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Peripheral Route
Cacioppo (1983) UI
20. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
ABC Model
Extrinsic Motivation
Over Justification Effect
21. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Self Handicapped
22. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Big 3 Categories
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Low End of the Continuum
23. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Leaning Theories
24. Superficial Processing.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Stereotyping is generally associated with
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
25. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
'Ideal' selves
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Terror Management Theory
26. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Individuals High in NFC
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Leaning Theories
Prejudice
27. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(PCG) Results
High Self Monitors
28. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
According to SPT
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Social Categorization
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
29. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
'Hot' Prejudice
High End of the Continuum
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
30. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Need For Cognition NFC
The Elaboration Continuum
(PCG) Results
Self Expression
31. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Subtype
Stereotype
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
32. Message Learning Approach
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(PCG) Results
Leaning Theories
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
33. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Authoritarian Personality
Discrimination
Common Peripheral Cues
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
34. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
The Need to Belong
(Shaetner) Shocks
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
35. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
Self Expression
Prejudice
Cacioppo (1983) UI
36. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Why AOD?
37. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Extrinsic Motivation
Subtype
Individuals Low in NFC
38. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Individuals High in NFC
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
39. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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40. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Social Comparison Theory
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
41. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Classical Conditioning
42. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
Intrinsic Motivation
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
43. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Cons of Categorization
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
2 Components of The Social Self
Message Learning Approach
44. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Self Enhancing Bias`
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
45. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Implicit Egoism
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Cons of Categorization
Operant Conditioning
46. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
The Elaboration Continuum
Social Categorization
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Self-Perception Theory
47. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Message Processing Theories
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Extrinsic Motivation
Social Categorization
48. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Need For Cognition NFC
'Cold' Prejudice
Social Comparison Theory
Stereotype
49. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Insko (1965) Results
Individuals High in NFC
Self-Perception Theory
50. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Self Presentation
Key Factor of MLA
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
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