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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Message Learning Approach Claims
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Message Learning Approach
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
2. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
2 Components of The Social Self
Common Peripheral Cues
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
3. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
High Self Monitors
Behavioral= Discrimination
Implicit Egoism
4. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Central Route
Key Factor of MLA
Individuals Low in NFC
5. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Leaning Theories
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Cognitive= Stereotypes
The Need to Belong
6. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Insko (1965)
Self-Perception Theory
Insko (1965) Results
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
7. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Over Justification Effect
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Low Self Monitors
Staats and Staats (1957)
8. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Two Factor Theory of emotion
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
According to SPT
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
9. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Affective= Prejudice
ABC Model
Problems of MLA
10. Stereotyping Increases as.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Individuals High in NFC
Self-Discrepancy Theory
11. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Contact Hypothesis
'Cold' Prejudice
High End of the Continuum
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
12. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Shaetner) Shocks
Big 3 Categories
13. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Social Comparison Theory
According to Self-perception Theory
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Individuals Low in NFC
14. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Stereotype
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
15. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
Individuals High in NFC
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Klein) False Feedback
Cognitive Consistency Theories
16. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Self Complexity
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
'Cold' Prejudice
17. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Self-Perception Theory
(Pelham) Positive Association
Stereotype
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
18. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Social Comparison Theory
Stereotype
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Two Factor Theory of emotion
19. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Self-Perception Theory
Rebound Effect
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
20. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Low End of the Continuum
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Intrinsic Motivation
21. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
High Self Monitors
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
22. Avoid effortful thinking.
Prejudice
Social Learning Explanation
Individuals Low in NFC
Intrinsic Motivation
23. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Self-Perception Theory
Extrinsic Motivation
Modern research on stereotypes
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
24. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Intrinsic Motivation
Contact Hypothesis
Modern research on stereotypes
Self Complexity
25. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Pros of Categorization
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
26. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Leaning Theories
(PCG) Results
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Message Learning Approach
27. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Pros of Categorization
(PCG) Results
2 Components of The Social Self
28. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Classical Conditioning
29. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Social Comparison Theory
Individuals High in NFC
30. Stereotyping Increases as.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self Esteem
Authoritarian Personality
Prejudice
31. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Self Handicapped
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
32. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Subtype
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
33. The people we think we should be.
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34. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
'Ideal' selves
Need For Cognition NFC
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Social Learning Explanation
35. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Self Handicapped
Central Route
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Pelham) Positive Association
36. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Self Enhancing Bias`
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
37. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Staats and Staats (1957)
High Elaboration (Central Route
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
38. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Operant Conditioning
High End of the Continuum
Behavioral= Discrimination
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
39. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Common Peripheral Cues
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Prejudice
Discrimination
40. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Self Concept
Self Handicapped
Message Processing Theories
41. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Pelham) Positive Association
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
42. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Self Expression
43. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Self Monitoring
Intrinsic Motivation
Operant Conditioning
44. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Discrimination
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Presentation
ABC Model
45. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Authoritarian Personality
'Ought' selves
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
46. Superficial Processing.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Staats and Staats (1957)
Stereotyping is generally associated with
2 Components of The Social Self
47. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
According to SPT
Implicit Association Test
Self Expression
The Need to Belong
48. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Extrinsic Motivation
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
ABC Model
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
49. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Problems of MLA
Self Complexity
2 Components of The Social Self
(Shaetner) Shocks
50. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
(Klein) False Feedback
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Behavioral= Discrimination