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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
High End of the Continuum
Pros of Categorization
Self-Perception Theory
Message Processing Theories
2. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Self Monitoring
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Discrimination
(PCG) Results
3. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Key Factor of MLA
Self Complexity
4. Superficial Processing.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Stereotyping is generally associated with
High End of the Continuum
Self Monitoring
5. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
According to SPT
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Central Route
ABC Model
6. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
'Cold' Prejudice
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
7. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
High Self Monitors
Self-Perception Theory
Problems of MLA
8. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Peripheral Route
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Peripheral Route
9. The people we want to be.
10. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Self Esteem
Need For Cognition NFC
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Insko (1965) Results
11. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Self Presentation
Stereotype
12. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Low Self Monitors
Classical Conditioning
Implicit Egoism
According to SPT
13. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
2 Components of The Social Self
Central Route
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
14. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Need For Cognition NFC
High End of the Continuum
Self-Perception Theory
15. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Key Factor of MLA
2 Components of The Social Self
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
16. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Self Esteem
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Behavioral= Discrimination
17. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
18. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
The Need to Belong
Subtype
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
19. Central Route - Systematic Processing
'Ideal' selves
(PCG) Results
Self-Perception Theory
High End of the Continuum
20. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Leaning Theories
Self Esteem
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
21. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Problems of MLA
Cognitive= Stereotypes
22. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Message Learning Approach
Central Route
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
23. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Prejudice
Modern research on stereotypes
'Hot' Prejudice
(Amabile) Adult Participants
24. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Staats and Staats (1957)
(PCG) Results
Why AOD?
25. Stereotyping Increases as.
'Cold' Prejudice
Intrinsic Motivation
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Central Route
26. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Need For Cognition NFC
Intrinsic Motivation
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Prejudice
27. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
Insko (1965) Results
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self Enhancing Bias`
Operant Conditioning
28. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Contact Hypothesis
Self Monitoring
Affective= Prejudice
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
29. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Insko (1965) Results
(Amabile) Adult Participants
30. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
According to Self-perception Theory
31. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
Implicit Association Test
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
32. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(PCG) Results
(Pelham) Positive Association
Operant Conditioning
Self Presentation
33. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self Presentation
(Shaetner) Shocks
34. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Self-Perception Theory
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Social Categorization
35. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Self Enhancing Bias`
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
36. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Low Self Monitors
Contact Hypothesis
Pros of Categorization
37. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Insko (1965)
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
38. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Message Learning Approach Claims
39. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Low Self Monitors
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Problems of MLA
40. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Modern research on stereotypes
Subtype
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
41. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Self-Perception Theory
(Shaetner) Shocks
Staats and Staats (1957)
High Self Monitors
42. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Self Monitoring
Self-Perception Theory
Big 3 Categories
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
43. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
The Elaboration Continuum
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Social Comparison Theory
Self Esteem
44. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Cons of Categorization
(Shaetner) Shocks
Pros of Categorization
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
45. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
'Ought' selves
Insko (1965)
According to Self-perception Theory
Modern research on stereotypes
46. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Over Justification Effect
Self Concept
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
47. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
'Ideal' selves
Pros of Categorization
Stereotype
Cacioppo (1983) UI
48. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Prejudice
Self Concept
Self Complexity
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
49. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Contact Hypothesis
Terror Management Theory
50. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Message Processing Theories
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Payne) Weapon or Tool