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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Operant Conditioning
Peripheral Route
Self Concept
Stereotyping is generally associated with
2. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Subtype
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
3. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
(Shaetner) Shocks
Over Justification Effect
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
4. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Classical Conditioning
Staats and Staats (1957)
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
5. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Why AOD?
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Classical Conditioning
Message Learning Approach Claims
6. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Why AOD?
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
7. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Self Enhancing Bias`
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Complexity
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
8. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Behavioral= Discrimination
Self-Discrepancy Theory
9. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
High Elaboration (Central Route
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
10. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
'Ought' selves
Self Enhancing Bias`
Affective= Prejudice
11. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Implicit Association Test
Problems of MLA
Cons of Categorization
12. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
13. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Need For Cognition NFC
Big 3 Categories
'Ought' selves
14. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Message Learning Approach
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
15. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Subtype
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
16. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
High Self Monitors
Self Presentation
Low Self Monitors
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
17. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Over Justification Effect
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Shaetner) Shocks
Social Learning Explanation
18. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
Discrimination
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
High End of the Continuum
19. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Leaning Theories
Self Handicapped
Cognitive= Stereotypes
'Hot' Prejudice
20. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Terror Management Theory
(PCG) Results
Implicit Egoism
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
21. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
(PCG) Results
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
(Klein) False Feedback
Affective= Prejudice
22. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
2 Components of The Social Self
Cons of Categorization
Implicit Egoism
According to SPT
23. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Behavioral= Discrimination
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Central Route
24. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self Handicapped
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Self Concept
25. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Over Justification Effect
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Staats and Staats (1957)
26. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
High End of the Continuum
Self Enhancing Bias`
Individuals Low in NFC
Cognitive Consistency Theories
27. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Insko (1965)
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Message Processing Theories
Implicit Association Test
28. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Self Complexity
Insko (1965) Results
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self Handicapped
29. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
High Self Monitors
Implicit Association Test
'Cold' Prejudice
30. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Why AOD?
Social Categorization
31. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Message Learning Approach
According to Self-perception Theory
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
32. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
High Elaboration (Central Route
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Stereotype
33. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
34. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Self-Perception Theory
Social Comparison Theory
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Individuals Low in NFC
35. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
36. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Behavioral= Discrimination
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Klein) False Feedback
Pros of Categorization
37. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Stereotype
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Insko (1965)
Intrinsic Motivation
38. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Social Learning Explanation
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Staats and Staats (1957)
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
39. The people we want to be.
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40. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Staats and Staats (1957)
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Over Justification Effect
41. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
2 Components of The Social Self
Self Expression
Staats and Staats (1957)
42. Tend to behave consistently across audience and situations.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Low Self Monitors
(PCG) Results
43. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Self Handicapped
Self Concept
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Authoritarian Personality
44. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Self Esteem
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Message Processing Theories
Terror Management Theory
45. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Cons of Categorization
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Message Learning Approach Claims
The Elaboration Continuum
46. Superficial Processing.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Stereotyping is generally associated with
47. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Implicit Egoism
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
48. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
(Pelham) Positive Association
Social Comparison Theory
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Individuals Low in NFC
49. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Problems of MLA
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Low Self Monitors
Discrimination
50. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Self-Perception Theory
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
High Self Monitors