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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An individual difference reflecting the extent which people engage in and effortful cognitive activities. (playing chess)
Need For Cognition NFC
Authoritarian Personality
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Staats and Staats (1957)
2. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
According to SPT
Self-Perception Theory
The Need to Belong
Message Processing Theories
3. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Big 3 Categories
High End of the Continuum
4. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Affective= Prejudice
Self-Perception Theory
Insko (1965) Results
Self-Perception Theory
5. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Need For Cognition NFC
Problems of MLA
Peripheral Route
6. Superficial Processing.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Insko (1965)
7. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Shaetner) Shocks
Central Route
Big 3 Categories
8. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
According to Self-perception Theory
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
The Elaboration Continuum
Insko (1965)
9. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Implicit Association Test
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(Pelham) Positive Association
10. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Central Route
Individuals Low in NFC
11. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
'Ideal' selves
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Staats and Staats (1957)
12. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Authoritarian Personality
Insko (1965)
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
13. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(Klein) False Feedback
Key Factor of MLA
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
14. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Implicit Association Test
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Self-Perception Theory
15. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Affective= Prejudice
Insko (1965) Results
Individuals Low in NFC
16. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Need For Cognition NFC
Self Expression
Problems of MLA
Self Esteem
17. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Implicit Egoism
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Discrimination
18. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Implicit Association Test
According to SPT
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
19. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
'Ought' selves
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
20. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
2 Components of The Social Self
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
21. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
The Need to Belong
Why AOD?
(Pelham) Positive Association
Social Comparison Theory
22. Doing something because you want to.
The Need to Belong
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Classical Conditioning
Intrinsic Motivation
23. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Need For Cognition NFC
High End of the Continuum
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Contact Hypothesis
24. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Central Route
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
25. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
The Elaboration Continuum
Self Enhancing Bias`
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
26. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Message Processing Theories
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Self Enhancing Bias`
27. Stereotyping Increases as.
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Social Categorization
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Cognitive= Stereotypes
28. Central Route - Systematic Processing
High End of the Continuum
Terror Management Theory
Cognitive= Stereotypes
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
29. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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30. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Pelham) Positive Association
Self Presentation
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
31. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Message Learning Approach Claims
'Ideal' selves
Insko (1965)
32. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
Peripheral Route
33. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Need For Cognition NFC
Rebound Effect
Message Learning Approach
Self Monitoring
34. Message Learning Approach
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Operant Conditioning
Leaning Theories
Individuals Low in NFC
35. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Peripheral Route
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
36. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Authoritarian Personality
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Subtype
Intrinsic Motivation
37. Behavior toward a social group and its members. The way our attitude influences how we act or behave.
Self-Perception Theory
Self Esteem
Behavioral= Discrimination
Pros of Categorization
38. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Operant Conditioning
(Shaetner) Shocks
39. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Low End of the Continuum
Implicit Association Test
2 Components of The Social Self
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
40. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self Monitoring
41. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Pros of Categorization
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
42. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Implicit Egoism
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Cognitive= Stereotypes
43. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Self Concept
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Operant Conditioning
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
44. ENjoy cognitive activities and engage in them when they have the chance.
Cons of Categorization
The Elaboration Continuum
Problems of MLA
Individuals High in NFC
45. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Intrinsic Motivation
Self Esteem
Social Comparison Theory
Extrinsic Motivation
46. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
'Ought' selves
Self Expression
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Klein) False Feedback
47. Doing something because you want to.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Why AOD?
Intrinsic Motivation
High Self Monitors
48. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Authoritarian Personality
Subtype
High End of the Continuum
(Pelham) Positive Association
49. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Affective= Prejudice
Intrinsic Motivation
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
50. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Need For Cognition NFC
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Authoritarian Personality
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black