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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
'Cold' Prejudice
Peripheral Route
2 Components of The Social Self
2. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Message Learning Approach Claims
(PCG) Results
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Modern research on stereotypes
3. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Key Factor of MLA
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Authoritarian Personality
Insko (1965)
4. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Social Categorization
Message Learning Approach
Staats and Staats (1957)
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
5. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Terror Management Theory
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
6. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Prejudice
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Insko (1965) Results
7. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
'Hot' Prejudice
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Shaetner) Shocks
8. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
According to SPT
Self-Perception Theory
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
9. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Common Peripheral Cues
According to SPT
2 Components of The Social Self
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
10. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Behavioral= Discrimination
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Stereotype
11. Stereotyping Increases as.
Self Concept
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
12. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Self-Perception Theory
Low End of the Continuum
Why AOD?
13. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Social Categorization
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Self-Perception Theory
(Amabile) Adult Participants
14. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Modern research on stereotypes
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
15. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Subtype
Key Factor of MLA
According to Self-perception Theory
Classical Conditioning
16. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
'Ideal' selves
Leaning Theories
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Insko (1965)
17. The people we think we should be.
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18. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
The Elaboration Continuum
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self Complexity
(Klein) False Feedback
19. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
'Cold' Prejudice
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Problems of MLA
The Need to Belong
20. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Low End of the Continuum
Insko (1965) Results
Peripheral Route
Prejudice
21. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Message Processing Theories
Cognitive= Stereotypes
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
22. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
(Shaetner) Shocks
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Rebound Effect
Subtype
23. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Contact Hypothesis
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Central Route
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
24. When people realize their behavior is caused by an EXTERNAL FACTOR they do not assume that it reflects their INTERNAL FEELINGS.`
The Need to Belong
According to SPT
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
25. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Discrimination
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
26. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Contact Hypothesis
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Social Comparison Theory
According to Self-perception Theory
27. Gave British subjects photos of a day in the life of a skinhead - told to write about him. 1/2 told to avoid stereotypes. Then were told they would meet him in a room - but He was out - they then measured how far they sat. Those that were told to avo
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Cognitive= Stereotypes
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Implicit Association Test
28. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Common Peripheral Cues
Classical Conditioning
Self Complexity
(Shaetner) Shocks
29. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Implicit Egoism
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
30. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Self Handicapped
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Leaning Theories
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
31. The people we want to be.
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32. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Rebound Effect
(Pelham) Positive Association
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Complexity
33. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
(Klein) False Feedback
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Message Learning Approach
Behavioral= Discrimination
34. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Pros of Categorization
Insko (1965)
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
(PCG) Results
35. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Staats and Staats (1957)
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Pelham) Positive Association
36. Message Learning Approach
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Leaning Theories
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Self Esteem
37. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Self-Perception Theory
ABC Model
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Insko (1965) Results
38. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Self Monitoring
(PCG) Results
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
39. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to reflect and express the self concept.
Self Expression
Contact Hypothesis
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
40. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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41. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Affective= Prejudice
Message Processing Theories
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
42. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
High Elaboration (Central Route
Over Justification Effect
43. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Self Presentation
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
44. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Subtype
'Ought' selves
Self-Perception Theory
45. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
(Klein) False Feedback
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
The Elaboration Continuum
46. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
According to Self-perception Theory
Self Monitoring
Cacioppo (1983) UI
47. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Message Processing Theories
Central Route
48. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
Individuals Low in NFC
Self-Perception Theory
Authoritarian Personality
The Elaboration Continuum
49. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Insko (1965)
Big 3 Categories
Modern research on stereotypes
(Shaetner) Shocks
50. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Leaning Theories
Message Learning Approach Claims
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Terror Management Theory