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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
According to SPT
High End of the Continuum
(Klein) False Feedback
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
2. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Self-Perception Theory
High End of the Continuum
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
3. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Affective= Prejudice
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Pros of Categorization
Cognitive= Stereotypes
4. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Pros of Categorization
Common Peripheral Cues
Self-Discrepancy Theory
The Need to Belong
5. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
Low Self Monitors
Discrimination
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Terror Management Theory
6. A person has to remember the content of a for it to have a lasting impact.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Authoritarian Personality
Key Factor of MLA
Prejudice
7. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
The Need to Belong
Authoritarian Personality
(PCG) Results
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
8. The people we want to be.
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9. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
According to SPT
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
High End of the Continuum
Cacioppo (1983) UI
10. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Big 3 Categories
Cacioppo (1983) UI
Low Self Monitors
High Elaboration (Central Route
11. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Over Justification Effect
Terror Management Theory
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
(PCG) Results
12. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Discrimination
13. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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14. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Behavioral= Discrimination
High End of the Continuum
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
15. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Rebound Effect
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
16. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
(Klein) False Feedback
ABC Model
Self-Perception Theory
17. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Key Factor of MLA
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Authoritarian Personality
18. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Intrinsic Motivation
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Low Self Monitors
Self Esteem
19. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Contact Hypothesis
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(PCG) Results
20. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Operant Conditioning
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Need For Cognition NFC
Self Presentation
21. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Message Learning Approach Claims
Extrinsic Motivation
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
22. The people we think we should be.
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23. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
Behavioral= Discrimination
'Ideal' selves
Rebound Effect
Insko (1965)
24. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
High Self Monitors
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Peripheral Route
25. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
(Pelham) Positive Association
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Pros of Categorization
Message Learning Approach Claims
26. Pair neutral objects with stimuli that already bring about desired response. EX Mothballs->Grandparents->Pleasant feelin Mothball-->Pleasant Feeling.
Individuals High in NFC
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Classical Conditioning
Common Peripheral Cues
27. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Peripheral Route
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Extrinsic Motivation
28. We make inferences about our attitudes by observing our own behaviors when 'internal cues' are weak or ambiguous.
Key Factor of MLA
ABC Model
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Self-Perception Theory
29. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Central Route
Problems of MLA
Self Expression
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
30. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Authoritarian Personality
Social Comparison Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
31. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
ABC Model
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Common Peripheral Cues
Rebound Effect
32. Doing something because you want to.
Self Complexity
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Intrinsic Motivation
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
33. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Problems of MLA
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
34. Superficial Processing.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Cons of Categorization
Staats and Staats (1957)
35. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
'Cold' Prejudice
Terror Management Theory
High Elaboration (Central Route
ABC Model
36. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
Insko (1965)
Discrimination
High Self Monitors
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
37. Found that people were frieghtened into thinking they would receive shocks sought others in the same situation- influenced behavior.
Operant Conditioning
Self Esteem
(Shaetner) Shocks
High Self Monitors
38. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
(Pelham) Positive Association
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Stereotyping is generally associated with
39. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
(Klein) False Feedback
Self Handicapped
Message Learning Approach
Contact Hypothesis
40. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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41. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Discrimination
'Ideal' selves
Social Comparison Theory
42. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
Key Factor of MLA
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
High Self Monitors
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
43. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Key Factor of MLA
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
44. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Modern research on stereotypes
Why AOD?
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Self Complexity
45. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
High Elaboration (Central Route
46. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
Behavioral= Discrimination
Low Self Monitors
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
ABC Model
47. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Social Learning Explanation
Subtype
Pros of Categorization
48. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
Leaning Theories
Individuals High in NFC
Low End of the Continuum
Common Peripheral Cues
49. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
2 Components of The Social Self
High Elaboration (Central Route
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Message Learning Approach Claims
50. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
According to Self-perception Theory
Contact Hypothesis
Need For Cognition NFC