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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Contact Hypothesis
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Problems of MLA
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
2. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Need For Cognition NFC
Pros of Categorization
Individuals High in NFC
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
3. An account of attitude change developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused them.
'Cold' Prejudice
Self-Perception Theory
Key Factor of MLA
Why AOD?
4. Attention - Comprehension - Yielding (attitude change) - Retention.
High Self Monitors
Insko (1965)
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Extrinsic Motivation
5. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Self Presentation
Classical Conditioning
Pros of Categorization
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
6. The people we think we should be.
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7. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Social Categorization
'Ideal' selves
Self-Perception Theory
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
8. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
High Elaboration (Central Route
Big 3 Categories
Subtype
(Amabile) Adult Participants
9. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
The Elaboration Continuum
Message Learning Approach
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Two Factor Theory of emotion
10. Interpreting information concerning the self in a way that leads to overly positive evaluations. People usually rate themselves above average on positive traits.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Self Enhancing Bias`
Self Handicapped
Self-Perception Theory
11. Message Learning Approach
Stereotype
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Leaning Theories
Cons of Categorization
12. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Self-Perception Theory
(PCG) Results
13. People low in self complexity felt better after success and worse after failure than people high in self complexity.
Problems of MLA
Over Justification Effect
Implicit Egoism
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
14. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
Social Learning Explanation
Operant Conditioning
Cognitive= Stereotypes
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
15. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
(PCG) Results
Message Learning Approach
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Operant Conditioning
16. Discrepancy - Emotional Reactions - Long-Term Effects.
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Insko (1965)
High Elaboration (Central Route
17. Stereotyping Increases as.
Stereotype
Terror Management Theory
Social Categorization
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
18. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
'Ideal' selves
Peripheral Route
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Discrimination
19. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Self Handicapped
Message Processing Theories
(PCG) Results
Self Monitoring
20. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Implicit Association Test
Insko (1965) Results
Subtype
21. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Leaning Theories
Central Route
22. Argued we form positive association to the sight of our own name - and are drawn to people and places that resemble this. (Mike from Michigan - Denise the Dentist).
Self Complexity
Leaning Theories
(Pelham) Positive Association
Social Comparison Theory
23. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Handicapped
High Self Monitors
The Elaboration Continuum
24. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Intrinsic Motivation
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Insko (1965)
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
25. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Over Justification Effect
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
26. Tend to shape their behavior for their audience and situations.
Central Route
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Central Route
High Self Monitors
27. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Social Learning Explanation
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Contact Hypothesis
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
28. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Problems of MLA
Implicit Egoism
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
29. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
Intrinsic Motivation
ABC Model
30. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Need For Cognition NFC
Affective= Prejudice
Authoritarian Personality
Insko (1965) Results
31. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
(Klein) False Feedback
(Shaetner) Shocks
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
32. Message Learning Approach
Operant Conditioning
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Leaning Theories
Implicit Egoism
33. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Affective= Prejudice
ABC Model
Cons of Categorization
Cognitive= Stereotypes
34. Central Route - Systematic Processing
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Individuals High in NFC
Intrinsic Motivation
High End of the Continuum
35. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
Individuals Low in NFC
(PCG) Results
Why AOD?
36. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Prejudice
37. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Rebound Effect
Authoritarian Personality
The Need to Belong
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
38. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Social Comparison Theory
Discrimination
Cognitive= Stereotypes
39. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Peripheral Route
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Modern research on stereotypes
Self Presentation
40. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Why AOD?
Message Learning Approach Claims
(PCG) Results
41. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Stereotype
The Need to Belong
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
42. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Discrimination
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Behavioral= Discrimination
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
43. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Operant Conditioning
Implicit Association Test
2 Components of The Social Self
44. An individual's overall image of himself or herself.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Self Concept
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Implicit Association Test
45. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Terror Management Theory
Self-Perception Theory
Implicit Association Test
Prejudice
46. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
Message Learning Approach
Individuals High in NFC
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Klein) False Feedback
47. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
High Elaboration (Central Route
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
48. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Leaning Theories
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Prejudice
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
49. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Contact Hypothesis
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
50. 1/2 told 60% answers right - 1/2 told 40%. Also told either that their average was 20% better or worse. People like more that they were better than average.
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(Klein) False Feedback
Implicit Egoism
Discrimination