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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
(Shaetner) Shocks
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
(PCG) Results
Big 3 Categories
2. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Message Learning Approach Claims
High Self Monitors
Contact Hypothesis
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
3. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
Over Justification Effect
Social Comparison Theory
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
High Elaboration (Central Route
4. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Why AOD?
Intrinsic Motivation
'Ought' selves
5. Subjects read persuasive message in favor of tuition increase. 1/2 received message that had only strong arguments. 1/2 received for weak. Results showed high NFC participants were persuaded b strong arguments vs weak.
Cacioppo (1983) UI
According to Self-perception Theory
Implicit Egoism
(Pelham) Positive Association
6. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
Need For Cognition NFC
Operant Conditioning
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
7. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Big 3 Categories
(Klein) False Feedback
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
8. Beliefs about attributes of a group. This involves a persons belief/ knowledge about an attitude object.
(Klein) False Feedback
ABC Model
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Low Self Monitors
9. When people believe that some groups don't have what it takes and should be excluded from desirable positions - wealth - and power.
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10. 1/2 told message source was a Princeton professor (High Expertise). 1/2 told it was a high school student (Low Expertise).
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
'Hot' Prejudice
11. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
High Self Monitors
Social Categorization
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
12. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
Self Complexity
ABC Model
13. Avoid effortful thinking.
ABC Model
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Individuals Low in NFC
14. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Leaning Theories
According to Self-perception Theory
'Cold' Prejudice
15. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
High End of the Continuum
16. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Leaning Theories
Self Esteem
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
As Cognitive Capacity Decreases
17. Self Concept - Self Esteem.
'Hot' Prejudice
Cacioppo (1983) UI
2 Components of The Social Self
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
18. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Contact Hypothesis
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Message Learning Approach
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
19. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Cons of Categorization
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Affective= Prejudice
20. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Self Concept
Individuals High in NFC
21. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Classical Conditioning
Terror Management Theory
'Ideal' selves
Authoritarian Personality
22. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Rebound Effect
High Elaboration (Central Route
23. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
The Elaboration Continuum
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Problems of MLA
24. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Big 3 Categories
Leaning Theories
Cons of Categorization
Self-Perception Theory
25. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Cons of Categorization
Contact Hypothesis
Pros of Categorization
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
26. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Rebound Effect
Big 3 Categories
27. Measured in several groups. Results showed blacks had average higher self esteem relative to whites - while other groups had lower self esteem in comparison to whites.`
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Insko (1965)
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Twenge and Crocker) Self Esteem in groups
28. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Implicit Association Test
'Ought' selves
Peripheral Route
Message Learning Approach Claims
29. Gender - Ethnicity - Age.
Contact Hypothesis
Social Comparison Theory
Big 3 Categories
Self-Discrepancy Theory
30. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Authoritarian Personality
2 Components of The Social Self
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
'Cold' Prejudice
31. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
Contact Hypothesis
Problems of MLA
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
32. Attitude structures cna be described in terms of three components: AFFECT BEHAVIOR COGNITION
'Ideal' selves
ABC Model
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
33. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Message Processing Theories
Classical Conditioning
Discrimination
34. The individual must perceive the action as inconsistent; Must take personal responsibility for the act; Must experience physiological arousal; Must attribute the arousal to the action.
Classical Conditioning
(Pelham) Positive Association
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
35. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Stereotype
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Individuals High in NFC
36. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Common Peripheral Cues
Individuals High in NFC
(Klein) False Feedback
(Pelham) Positive Association
37. Central Route - Systematic Processing
Problems of MLA
High End of the Continuum
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Message Learning Approach Claims
38. THat increased incentive leads greater likelihood of attitude change.
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Cons of Categorization
Message Learning Approach Claims
39. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
'Hot' Prejudice
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Authoritarian Personality
40. Found similar effects as Payne - in a video game simulation. Found all subjects include blacks were more likely to shoot a black holding a tool.`
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
'Ideal' selves
(Correll) Quick Decision Kill
41. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Key Factor of MLA
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Social Comparison Theory
According to Self-perception Theory
42. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Staats and Staats (1957)
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Over Justification Effect
Discrimination
43. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Subtype
Individuals High in NFC
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
44. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Learning Approach Claims
Message Processing Theories
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
45. The people we want to be.
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46. 1/3 kids draw pictures - 1/3 told would get award - 1/3 not told about reward before starting but received after. Those with unexpected reward had highest.
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
(PCG) Results
47. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Pros of Categorization
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
Self Monitoring
Discrimination
48. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
The Need to Belong
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
2 Components of The Social Self
49. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Central Route
Prejudice
'Hot' Prejudice
50. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Central Route
Message Learning Approach Claims
Implicit Association Test
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution