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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Creating mental obstacles and excuses for selves - for if we do poorly on task we can fall back on.
Self Discrepancy Theory Predicts
Message Learning Approach
Self Handicapped
Low Self Monitors
2. A narrower more specific social group that is part of a broad social group.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
Subtype
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
3. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
Contact Hypothesis
Message Processing Theories
4. We desire self esteem - to be aligned with other people to make ourselves feel better about ourselves.
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Insko (1965)
The Need to Belong
5. Refers to the performance of the activity in order to obtain an outcome.
Social Categorization
Cons of Categorization
Extrinsic Motivation
Cognitive= Stereotypes
6. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
Discrimination
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
7. Most Social Psychologist and Evolutionary psychologist agree. Contemporary social psychologist believe such phenomena results form similar social cognitive.
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Problems of MLA
ABC Model
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
8. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Implicit Egoism
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Need For Cognition NFC
Self Esteem
9. We are biologically programmed for self preservation - but we are always in fear of our own death. Self-Esteem serves as a buffer for this.
Self Expression
Subtype
Modern research on stereotypes
Terror Management Theory
10. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Discrimination
'Cold' Prejudice
'Hot' Prejudice
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
11. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Affective= Prejudice
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
12. Emphasis on how people learn persuasive messages. Researched who says what to whom. Who-the source of the communication. WHat- the nature of the communication.
According to Self-perception Theory
Message Learning Approach
Why AOD?
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
13. The people we think we should be.
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14. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Peripheral Route
Low Self Monitors
Self Monitoring
According to Self-perception Theory
15. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Subtype
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Problems of MLA
16. The idea that emotional experience is the result of a two-step self-perception process in which people first experience physiological arousal and then seek an appropriate explanation for it
Two Factor Theory of emotion
'Cold' Prejudice
Self Complexity
Insko (1965)
17. When people do not elaborate on the arguments of a communication but are instead swayed by factors that are peripheral to the message.
Social Categorization
Common Peripheral Cues
Peripheral Route
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
18. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
The Elaboration Continuum
Staats and Staats (1957)
Message Learning Approach Claims
19. Prejudice learned from others (teachers - parents - peers - media).
Social Learning Explanation
Authoritarian Personality
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Self Esteem
20. High Personal relevance had higher agreement if had strong argument vs weaker - which was also higher for strong arguments.
(PCG) Results
Common Peripheral Cues
Self-Discrepancy Theory
'Ought' selves
21. Conditional (Classical/Operant) - Mere exposure effect - Self-perception effects.
Cons of Categorization
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
Over Justification Effect
22. Those who cannot accept their own 'inner conflicts' believe in authority and see their own inadequacies in others. Thus prejudice acts as a protection from self doubts.
Authoritarian Personality
Why AOD?
Affective= Prejudice
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
23. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
Self Monitoring
Rebound Effect
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
24. Physical appearance - interest and goals - preferred activities - attitudes.
Individuals High in NFC
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
25. Wrote poem - drew pictures - generated business solutions.
Prejudice
(Shaetner) Shocks
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
(Amabile) Adult Participants
26. The Elaboration Likelihood Model.
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Operant Conditioning
Authoritarian Personality
Message Processing and Persuasion Predominant Theory
27. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Self Esteem
Self-Perception Theory
Authoritarian Personality
Prejudice
28. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Peripheral Route
Prejudice
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Stereotypes include many different types of information.
29. Extreme hatred for other groups.
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30. Process of identifying individuals as members of a social group because they share typical features of a group. When people are perceived as members of a group not as individuals.
Self Presentation
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
According to Self-perception Theory
Social Categorization
31. Balance Theories - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Self Complexity
32. Own Mood States - Message Length - Source Attractiveness - Source Credibility.
Common Peripheral Cues
'Cold' Prejudice
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
Insko (1965) Results
33. Had subjects hear an audio message in favor of 'Senior Comprehensive Exams'. 1/2 given strong argument vs Weak.
Low Self Monitors
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Authoritarian Personality
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
34. Nonsense syllables visually and paired with positive or negative words via audio. Ex saw nonsense word but saw either 'sweet' or 'ugly'. Results showed people formed attitudes based on pairing of +/- words.
Staats and Staats (1957)
Intrinsic Motivation
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Self Concept
35. Any unjustified positive or negative behavior dierected toward a social group and its members.
Discrimination
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Intrinsic Motivation
Subtype
36. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
The Elaboration Continuum
Cognitive= Stereotypes
According to Self-perception Theory
Peripheral Route
37. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Extrinsic Motivation
Operant Conditioning
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Rebound Effect
38. Attitude toward a social group and its members.
Operant Conditioning
Common Peripheral Cues
Affective= Prejudice
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
39. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Why AOD?
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
Common Peripheral Cues
40. The theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others.
Social Comparison Theory
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
2 Components of The Social Self
Self-Discrepancy Theory
41. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
Implicit Egoism
Self-Perception Theory
Individuals Low in NFC
Steps in Persuasion According To MLA
42. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
Classical Conditioning
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
43. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Problems of MLA
Pros of Categorization
Peripheral Route
Self Presentation
44. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Central Route
According to Self-perception Theory
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
45. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Authoritarian Personality
(Amabile) Adult Participants
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
According to Self-perception Theory
46. Gave participants a long list of names paired with different words. 1/2 paired neg. words with 'George' and neutral words with 'Ed' (VV). After leaving room subjects talked with either 'Ed Fuller' or 'George Foster'. Results showed people were viewed
Insko (1965) Results
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
Central Route
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
47. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
The Elaboration Continuum
(Klein) False Feedback
(Shaetner) Shocks
Low End of the Continuum
48. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
(Klein) False Feedback
High Self Monitors
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Macrae) Suppress stereotypical expectancies
49. Message Learning Approach
(Pelham) Positive Association
Leaning Theories
Social Learning Explanation
ABC Model
50. People evaluate themselves against internal 'ideal' and ought standards - producing emotional consequences.
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Individuals High in NFC
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Self Concept