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Test your basic knowledge |
Social Psychology
Start Test
Study First
Subject
:
humanities
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. After telling subject were asked how much they enjoyed experiment honestly. Those paid $1 to lie rated the task as more enjoyable than those paid $20. Because incentive wasn't high enough those paid only $1 changed attitude toward task. Thus it isnt
Problems of MLA
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959) Result
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Stereotype
2. People don't need to have unpleasant tension and inconsistency to change. People might simply observe their own behaviors.
Cognitive= Stereotypes
According to Self-perception Theory
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
Pros of Categorization
3. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
According to SPT
Problems of MLA
'Ideal' selves
Stereotyping is generally associated with
4. Makes all members of a group seem more similar to each other than if they were not categorized. Also - categorization can also exaggerate differences between groups.
Cons of Categorization
High Elaboration (Central Route
(Lepper) Kids and Markers
Staats and Staats (1957)
5. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Message Learning Approach
Implicit Egoism
Self Handicapped
6. Message Learning Approach
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
Leaning Theories
(Klein) False Feedback
7. Message Learning Approach - Cognitive Dissonance Theory.
'Ought' selves
High Elaboration (Central Route
High End of the Continuum
Need For Cognition NFC
8. Elaboration likelihood model - Heuristic Systematic Model.
Message Processing Theories
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
Stereotype
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
9. We may often draw inferences from our thoughts - feelings and behaviors.
Key Factor of MLA
Self-Perception Theory
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
Two Factor Theory of emotion
10. The theory that certain types of direct contact between groups will reduce prejudice. More contact is thought to increase the amount of information learned.
Contact Hypothesis
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Self Enhancing Bias`
Terror Management Theory
11. Measured extent of white preference for a white vs black stimulus person.85% of 6 year old's preferred whites. 70%-10 year olds - 50% of adults.
The Need to Belong
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Individuals Low in NFC
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
12. Incentives for the new attitudinal position must out weigh those of the current/ initial attitude.
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Modern research on stereotypes
Discrimination
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
13. A non-conscious form of self-enhancement.
2 Components of The Social Self
Implicit Egoism
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
Operant Conditioning
14. We tend to attribute our own behaviors to situational causes while seeing others behaviors as caused by internal characteristics. Especially when behaviors are negative.
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Actor Observer Differences in Attribution
Low Self Monitors
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
15. The extent to which people are sensitive to the demands of social situations and shape their behavior accordingly.
According to SPT
Self Monitoring
The Elaboration Continuum
Modern research on stereotypes
16. Persuasion processes fall along a 'continuum' of cognitive processing. Consider this as synonyms with superficial vs systematic processing.
(PCG) Source Expertise Manipulation
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
The Elaboration Continuum
According to SPT
17. A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people -. formed by associating particular characteristics with a particular group.
Stereotype
According to SPT
Self Complexity
Individuals Low in NFC
18. Primed words associated with stereotypes of blacks - or nonsense syllables.Then read description of person with traits related to stereotypes. Effects higher for those with high anti black prejudice.
According to SPT
(Lepore & Brown) Primed Words
Authoritarian Personality
Cons of Categorization
19. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Authoritarian Personality
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
Implicit Association Test
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
20. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Operant Conditioning
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
High Elaboration (Central Route
Prejudice
21. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
'Cold' Prejudice
Problems of MLA
Prejudice
Self Monitoring
22. An attitude toward the members of some groups based solely on their memberships in that group (can be positive or negative).
Self Enhancing Bias`
Prejudice
Individuals High in NFC
'Cold' Prejudice
23. Person is more motivated to think carefully about argument presented. (central route).
Is Prejudice Hardwired?
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Berkowitz & Knurek (1969)
Cons of Categorization
24. We have more situational information about ourselves than we do for others. -Also others behavior is salient. -Could also be because we view selves in positive light.
Why AOD?
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Self Handicapped
Cons of Categorization
25. Doing something because you want to.
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
Self Monitoring
(Amabile) Adult Participants
Intrinsic Motivation
26. Suppressing stereotypical thoughts makes them more likely for these thoughts to come out and influence future actions and thoughts.
Rebound Effect
Self Esteem
Common Peripheral Cues
High End of the Continuum
27. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Need For Cognition NFC
Social Categorization
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
28. When an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a persons intrinsic motivation to perform a task.
(Klein) False Feedback
Over Justification Effect
Low Self Monitors
Effectiveness of The Persuasive Appeal
29. An individual's positive or negative evaluation or himself/herself.
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
High Elaboration (Central Route
Self Esteem
30. An unpleasant state caused by people's awareness of inconsistency among various beliefs - attitudes or actions. We are motivated to achieve and maintain cognitive consistency to avoid dissonance.
Low Self Monitors
Social Learning Explanation
Subtype
Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger 1957)
31. Called students at the U of Hawaii and asked their opinion about a new university festival. Students then heard statement about the festival and asked if they agreed or not. 1/2 were rewarded with 'good' when said good things - 1/2 when said bad.
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
Big 3 Categories
Insko (1965)
(Linville) Self Esteem in Success/Failure
32. Memory message content does not always matter in persuasion. Incentive based predictions do not always work.
The Need to Belong
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
Problems of MLA
High Elaboration (Central Route
33. Specific Responses are followed by positive or negative consequences.
According to SPT
(Shaetner) Shocks
Two Factor Theory of emotion
Operant Conditioning
34. As a ability or motivation is lacking. Similar to relying on stereotypes when not thinking.
'Cold' Prejudice
Reliance of Peripheral Cues Increases
(Baron & Banaji) White vs Black
Classical Conditioning
35. When people elaborate on a persuasion communication reading/listening carefully and thinking about the arguments (central merits) given.
Central Route
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
ABC Model
Contact Hypothesis
36. 1/2 told University is considering the exams for next year (high relevance). 1/2 told exams for 10 years in future (low relevance).
Self Enhancing Bias`
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
Key Factor of MLA
(PCG) Personal Relevance Manipulation
37. The diversity of self aspects people develop for various roles.
Cognitive Consistency Theories
Self Complexity
Self-Perception Theory
Operant Conditioning
38. Allows us to master our environment. Also deal with others efficiently and appropriately.
Message Learning Approach
Big 3 Categories
ABC Model
Pros of Categorization
39. Subjects had to decide appropriately - results found they were more likely to misidentify blacks with having a weapon.
Petty - Cacioppo - & Goldman (1981) (PCG)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Cognitive Dissonance Steps
40. A motive for choosing behaviors that are intended to elicit a desired impression of the self.
Self Presentation
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
(Shaetner) Shocks
Extrinsic Motivation
41. Peripheral Route - Superficial Processing.
(Klein) False Feedback
Self Concept
Low End of the Continuum
(Lepper) Kids and Math Games
42. 1/2 subject given easy questions and told that they did better than average (non ego threatning) (ViceVersa). Then had those ego-threatened interact with others who didn't take test. Subjects that didn't take test rated the ego-threatened people as l
Extrinsic Motivation
(Heatherton & Vohs) Self Esteem Intelligence Test
Low Elaboration (Peripheral Route)
(Payne) Weapon or Tool
43. Randomly assigned morning types and evening types - and led experiment during morning - noon - and evening. Subjects read evidence about Robert Garner - and Roberto Garcia - found Roberto Garcia rated more negatively at morning time.
Rebound Effect
(Bodenhausen) Tested Circadian Rhythm
As the Personal Relevance of Message increases
Leaning Theories
44. Attitude-Behavior Consistency Problems. Persuasion effects were difficult to replicate. Conflicting findings and theories.
Affective= Prejudice
Why AOD?
'Ideal' selves
Reasons of End of Attitude Research
45. A covert computer based measure derived from the speed at which people respond to paring of a concept. (How quickly associate minorities with danger).
Extrinsic Motivation
Modern research on stereotypes
Implicit Association Test
Message Learning Approach
46. Superficial Processing.
Stereotyping is generally associated with
Self-Perception Theory
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Why AOD?
47. Injected males with epinephrine. 1 group told of the true effects of drug - 1 group not told - 1 group received placebo. Then left with confederate who were told was in same situations - he acted either angry or happy. Results showed those not aware
Need For Cognition NFC
Self Presentation
(Schaetner and Singer) Epinephrine
Individuals Low in NFC
48. Under time pressure -Experiencing extreme emotions - At low circadian rhythm (tired)
Cacioppo (1983) UI
(Pelham) Positive Association
Stereotyping has been shown when people are?
Behavioral= Discrimination
49. 1 week later in the survey showed students were more favorable about the festival if rewarded for being favorable - and less for being unfavorable.
ABC Model
Implicit Egoism
Insko (1965) Results
How does our self self concept and self esteem shaped by our social environment?
50. Had subjects spend an hour performing really boring repetitive tasks. 1/3 received $20 to tell next subject that task was fun. 1/3 only received $1 - last 1/3 not asked to lie.
Classic Dissonance Exp. Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
Self Handicapped
ABC Model
Implicit Association Test