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Timeline Of The Middle Ages

Subjects : trivia, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. At the Battle of Legnano - the cavalry of Frederick Barbarossa is defeated by the infantry of the Lombard League.This is the first major defeat of cavalry by infantry - signaling the new role of the bourgeosie.






2. Ottoman fleet defeats Venetians at the Battle of Zonchio.The first naval battle that used cannons in ships.






3. Battle of Tours. Charles Martel halts Muslim advance.Significant moment that led to the forming of the Carolingian Empire for the Franks - and halted the advancement of the Moors in Western Europe.






4. Iceland is settled by Norsemen.






5. The Black Death ravages Europe for the first of many times. An estimated 20% - 40% of the population is thought to have perished within the first year.The first of many concurrences of this plague - This was believed to have wiped out as many as 50%






6. Battle of Nehawand. Muslims conquer Persia.






7. Synod of Whitby.Roman Christianity triumphs over Celtic Christianity in England.






8. Sack of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade.Considered to be the beginning of the decline of the Byzantine Empire.






9. Sicilian Vespers. Sicilians massacres Angevins over a six-week period - after a Frenchman harassed a woman.Would mark a two decade period of war - and peace treaties between mainly between Aragon - Sicily - and the Angevin.






10. Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press.Literature - News - etc. becomes more accessible throughout Europe.






11. Reconquista ends.Marks end of Moorish/Muslim rule within Iberian Peninsula; Unification of Spain and Portugal - respectively.






12. The first cornerstone is laid for the construction of Notre Dame de Paris.






13. Justinian I publishes the Code of Civil Law.This compiled centuries of legal writings and imperial pronouncements into three parts of one body of law.






14. At the Battle of Legnano - the cavalry of Frederick Barbarossa is defeated by the infantry of the Lombard League.This is the first major defeat of cavalry by infantry - signaling the new role of the bourgeosie.






15. Spanish Christians succeed in defeating the Moors in the long Reconquista campaigns - after the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa.By 1248 - only the small southern kingdom of Granada remained under Muslim control.






16. Siege of BelgradeMajor Ottoman advances are halted for 7 decades - last major victory for Hunyadi.






17. The Empire of Trebizond falls to the Ottoman Turks.Last Roman outpost to be conquered by the Ottomans.






18. The Ottoman Empire is founded by Osman I.Becomes longest lasting Islamic Empire - lasting over 600 years into the 20th century.






19. Ladislaus of Naples sells his 'rights' on Dalmatia to the Venetian Republic for 100000 ducats.Dalmatia would with some interruptions remain under Venetian rule for nearly four centuries - until 1797.






20. Muslims invade Sicily.First encounter of attempts to counquer Byzantine Sicily - until the last Byzantine outpost was conquered in 965.






21. Beginning of Charlemagne's reign.






22. John I Tzimiskes murders Nikephoros II and is crowned Byzantine co-emperor in his place.






23. In the Battle of Naklo - Boleslaus III Wrymouth defeats the Pomeranians.Polish access to the sea is re-established.






24. The University of Oxford is founded.It is the oldest university in the United Kingdom.






25. NovemberPope Lucius III issues the papal bull Ad Abolendam.This bull set up the organization of the medieval inquisitions.






26. The Battle of Nicopolis.The last great Crusade fails.






27. Founding of the Franciscan Order.One of the more significant orders in the Roman Catholic church - founded by Saint Francis of Assisi.






28. Fujiwara period in Japan.Would become the most powerful clan during the Heian period in Japan for around three centuries.






29. Otto the Great crowned the Holy Roman Emperor.First to be crowned Holy Roman Emperor in nearly 40 years.






30. Battle of Dun Nechtain. Picts defeat Northumbrians - whose dominance ends.






31. Battle of Ellandun. Egbert defeats Mercians.Wessex becomes the leading kingdom of England.






32. AprilThe Second Lateran Council declared clerical marriages invalid - regulated clerical dress - and punished attacks on clerics by excommunication.Enforces the major reforms that Gregory VII began to heavily campaign for several decades earlier.






33. Founding of the University of Paris.






34. Cluny Abbey is founded by William I - Count of Auvergne.Cluny goes on to become the acknowledged leader of Western Monasticism. Cluniac Reforms initiated with the abbey's founding.






35. The Anarchy begins in England.This will mark a 19 year period of Government strife and Civil War between the supporters of Stephen and Matilda - and end with the crowning of Matilda's son - Henry II - and beginning the Plantagenet dynasty.






36. The Battle of Nicopolis.The last great Crusade fails.






37. The Knights Templar are founded to protect Jerusalem and European pilgrims on their journey to the city.Becomes the most recognizable - and impactful military orders during the Crusades.






38. Leif Ericson is to settle during the winter in present day Canada at L'Anse aux Meadows.Ericson is to be the European to settle in the Americas during the Norse exploration of the Americas.






39. July 6Richard I ascends the throne of England.His heavy taxation to finance his European ventures created an antipathy of barons and people toward the crown - but his being absent enabled the English to advance in their political development.






40. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV walks to Canossa where he stands barefoot in the snow to beg forgiveness of the Pope for his offences - and admitting defeat in theInvestiture Controversy.This helps establish Papal rule over European heads of state for an






41. The first King of Croatia (rex Croatorum) - Tomislav (910






42. Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir becomes de facto ruler of Muslim Al-Andalus.Peak of power of Moorish Iberia under 'Almanzor'.






43. Honen Shonin (Genku) founds the Jodo shu (Pure Land) sect of Buddhism.This event marks the beginning of the Buddhist sectarian movement in Japan.






44. Genghis Khan dies.His kingdom is divided among his children and grandchildrenEmpire of the Great Khan - Chagatai Khanate - Mongolian Homeland - and the Blue Horde and White Horde. (Which would later become the Golden Horde.






45. Kingdom of Croatia and Kingdom of Hungary formed a personal union of two kingdoms united under the Hungarian king. The act of union was deal with Pacta conventa - by which institutions of separate Croatian statehood were maintained through the Sabor






46. The Fourth Crusade sacked Croatian town of Zadar (ItalianZara) - a rival of Venice. Unable to raise enough funds to pay to their Venetian contractors - the crusaders agreed to sack the city despite letters from PopeInnocent III forbidding such an act






47. The fall of the Yuan Dynasty. Its remnants - known as Northern Yuan - continued to rule Mongolia.The breakup of the Mongol Empire - which marked the end of Pax Mongolica.






48. Simeon I becomes ruler of theFirst Bulgarian Empire in the Balkans.






49. Arpad and the Magyars are present in Pannonia.






50. The Construction of the Tower of London begins.The tower of London was the ultimate keep of the British Empire.