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Timeline Of The Middle Ages

Subjects : trivia, history
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Vasco da Gama begins his first voyage from Europe toIndia and back.Vasco da Gama was the first European to sail directly to Eastern Asia directly from Europe.






2. Richard II abdicates the throne to Henry of Bolingbroke - who becomes Henry IV of England.End of Plantagenet Dynasty - beginning of the Lancaster lineage of kings.






3. Abd-ar-Rahman III of the Ummayad dynasty in al-Andalus (part of the Iberian peninsula) takes the title of Caliph or ruler of the Islamic world.Beginning of the Caliphate of C






4. Fujiwara period in Japan.Would become the most powerful clan during the Heian period in Japan for around three centuries.






5. July 6Richard I ascends the throne of England.His heavy taxation to finance his European ventures created an antipathy of barons and people toward the crown - but his being absent enabled the English to advance in their political development.






6. The first cornerstone is laid for the construction of Notre Dame de Paris.






7. Sui Dynasty in China.China unified once again during this period for the first time in almost 400 years.






8. Stefan Nemanja united Serbian territories - establishing the Medieval Serbian state.This marks the rise of Serbia which will dominate the Balkans for the next three hundred years. Allies of Serbia at this moment become the Hungarian Kingdom and the R






9. Dionysius Exiguus publishes the Dionysius Exiguus' Easter table.This initiated the Anno Domini era - used for the Gregorian and Julian calendars.






10. The final Peace of Constance between Frederick Barbarossa - the pope - and the Lombard towns is signed.The various articles of the treaty destroyed the unity of the Empire and Germany and Italy underwent separate developments.






11. The Black Death ravages Europe for the first of many times. An estimated 20% - 40% of the population is thought to have perished within the first year.The first of many concurrences of this plague - This was believed to have wiped out as many as 50%






12. August 22ndBattle of Bosworth Field.Richard III dies in battle - and Henry Tudor becomes king of England; last shift of Houses/kingship during the War of the Roses.






13. Establishment of the Bulgarian Empire.A country with great influence in the European history in the Middle Ages.






14. The Fourth Crusade sacked Croatian town of Zadar (ItalianZara) - a rival of Venice. Unable to raise enough funds to pay to their Venetian contractors - the crusaders agreed to sack the city despite letters from PopeInnocent III forbidding such an act






15. Battle of St. AlbansTraditionally marks the beginning of the War of the Roses.






16. Byzantines - under Belisarius - retake North Africa from the Vandals.






17. AprilThe Second Lateran Council declared clerical marriages invalid - regulated clerical dress - and punished attacks on clerics by excommunication.Enforces the major reforms that Gregory VII began to heavily campaign for several decades earlier.






18. Prince Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow led a united Russian army to a victory over the Mongols in the Battle of Kulikovo.






19. Siege of BaghdadMongols (the Ilkhanate) ensure control of the region; Generally considered the end of the Islamic Golden Age.






20. Dictatus Papae in which Pope Gregory VII defines the powers of the pope.Peak of the Gregorian Reform - and an immense factor in theInvestiture Controversy.






21. Ends of the Three Kingdoms period in Korea.






22. Canute the Great becomes King of England after the death of Edmund Ironside - who he shared the English throne with.Danes become kings of England for the next 26 years before the last rise of the Anglo-Saxons before the Norman Conquest.






23. NovemberPope Lucius III issues the papal bull Ad Abolendam.This bull set up the organization of the medieval inquisitions.






24. Saladin recaptures Jerusalem.Would lead to the Third Crusades.






25. King Henry II of England lands in Ireland to assert his supremacy and the Synod of Cashel acknowledges his sovereignty.With his landing - Henry begins the English claim to and occupation of Ireland which would last some seven and a half centuries.






26. Spanish Christians succeed in defeating the Moors in the long Reconquista campaigns - after the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa.By 1248 - only the small southern kingdom of Granada remained under Muslim control.






27. Lothair of Supplinburg - duke of Saxony - is elected Holy Roman Emperor instead of the nearest heir - Frederick of Swabia.This election marks the beginning of the great struggle between the Guelfs and the Ghibellines.






28. Ends of the Three Kingdoms period in Korea.






29. Mieszko I of Poland and his court embrace Christianity - which becomes national religion.






30. Hussite Wars begins after 4 years after the death of Jan Hus in central Europe - dealing with the followers of Jan Hus and those against them.Although the war was a stalemate (ended around 1434) - it was a another factor that between the Catholics an






31. The Fourth Crusade sacked Croatian town of Zadar (ItalianZara) - a rival of Venice. Unable to raise enough funds to pay to their Venetian contractors - the crusaders agreed to sack the city despite letters from PopeInnocent III forbidding such an act






32. Sack of Lindisfarne. Viking attacks on Britain begin.Generally considered the beginning of the Viking Age that would span over two centuries - and reach as far south as Hispania and as far east as the Byzantine Empire - and present day Russia.






33. Battle of Nineveh.The Byzantines - under Heraclius - crush the Persians.






34. Smederevo falls under the Turks.Marks the end of the Medieval Serbian Empire.






35. Battle of Roncevaux Pass.






36. Death of Simeon I the Great. Recognition of the Bulgarian Patriarchate - the first independent National Church in Europe.






37. Gregory the Great becomes Pope.The missionary work reached new levels during his pontificate - revolutionized the way of worship for the Catholic Church (Gregorian Chants) - liturgy - etc. - and was soon canonized after his death.






38. Battle of Bannockburn.Robert the Bruce restores Scotland's de facto independence.






39. The Anarchy begins in England.This will mark a 19 year period of Government strife and Civil War between the supporters of Stephen and Matilda - and end with the crowning of Matilda's son - Henry II - and beginning the Plantagenet dynasty.






40. Marco Polo publishes his tales of China - along with Rustichello da Pisa.A key step to the bridging of East and West in trade.






41. December 25thCharlemagne is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.With his crowning - Charlemagne's kingdom is officially recognized by the Papacy as the largest in Western Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire.






42. The Construction of the Tower of London begins.The tower of London was the ultimate keep of the British Empire.






43. Succession of Hugh Capet to the French Throne.Beginning of Capetian Dynasty.






44. Constantinople falls to the Ottoman Turks.End of the Byzantine Empire (or Eastern Roman Empire to some); Constantinople becomes capital of Ottoman Empire.






45. Fourth Lateran Council. Dealt with transubstantiation - papal primacy and conduct of clergy. Proclaimed that Jews and Muslims should wear identification marks to distinguish them from Christians.






46. Mieszko I becomes duke of Polans.First historical ruler of Poland and de facto founder of the Polish State.






47. Iconoclast movement begun in the Byzantine Empire under Leo III. This was opposed by Pope Gregory II - and an important difference between the Roman and Byzantine churches.






48. Roger II is crowned King of Sicily - a royal title given him by the Antipope Anacletus II.This coronation marks the beginning of the Kingdom of Sicily and its Mediterranean empire under the Norman kings - which was able to take on the Holy Roman Empi






49. Through the Compromise of 1107 - suggested by Adela - the sister of King Henry - theInvestiture Struggle in England is ended.This compromise removed one of the points of friction between the English monarchy and the Catholic Church.






50. Battle of Tours. Charles Martel halts Muslim advance.Significant moment that led to the forming of the Carolingian Empire for the Franks - and halted the advancement of the Moors in Western Europe.






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