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Timeline Of The Middle Ages

Subjects : trivia, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Hundred Years' War begins. England and France struggle for dominance of Western Europe.The war will span through three/four different war periods within a 116 year period.






2. Benedict of Nursia founds monastery at Monte Cassino.The first of twelve monasteries founded by Saint Benedict - beginning the Order of Saint Benedict.






3. Byzantines - under Belisarius - retake North Africa from the Vandals.






4. Iconoclast movement begun in the Byzantine Empire under Leo III. This was opposed by Pope Gregory II - and an important difference between the Roman and Byzantine churches.






5. Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press.Literature - News - etc. becomes more accessible throughout Europe.






6. Ramon Berenguer IV - Count of Barcelona - married Queen Petronilla of Aragon. They had been betrothed in 1137.This marriage gave the Kingdom of Aragon access to the Mediterranean Sea - creating a powerful kingdom which expanded to control many of the






7. Augustine arrives in Kent.Christianization of Britain (Anglo-Saxons) begins.






8. Battle of Heavenfield.Northumbrian army under Oswald defeat Welsh army.






9. The final Peace of Constance between Frederick Barbarossa - the pope - and the Lombard towns is signed.The various articles of the treaty destroyed the unity of the Empire and Germany and Italy underwent separate developments.






10. The Medici family rises to prominence in Florence.This ushers in a period of significance of the Medici's - such as bankers - popes - queens (regents) and dukes - throughout Europe (mainly Italy - especially the Florentine Republic) - over the next t






11. Beginning of Charlemagne's reign.






12. Kingdom of Croatia and Kingdom of Hungary formed a personal union of two kingdoms united under the Hungarian king. The act of union was deal with Pacta conventa - by which institutions of separate Croatian statehood were maintained through the Sabor






13. June 15The Magna Carta is sealed by John of England.This marks one of the first times a medieval ruler is forced to accept limits on his power.






14. July 6Richard I ascends the throne of England.His heavy taxation to finance his European ventures created an antipathy of barons and people toward the crown - but his being absent enabled the English to advance in their political development.






15. Grand Canal of China constructed.






16. Trial and execution of Joan of Arc.Death of the woman who helped turned the Hundred Years' War in favor of the French over the past two years.






17. Rudolph I of Germany is elected Holy Roman Emperor.This begins the Habsburg de facto domination of the crown that lasted until is dissolution in 1806.






18. Muslims capture Bari and much of southern Italy.






19. The Taira clan are driven out of Kyoto by Minamoto Yoshinaka.The two-year conflict which follows ends at the Battle of Dan no Ura (1185).






20. Slav occupation of Balkans complete.






21. Death of Alfred the Great.






22. The Ottoman Empire is founded by Osman I.Becomes longest lasting Islamic Empire - lasting over 600 years into the 20th century.






23. Otto the Great crowned the Holy Roman Emperor.First to be crowned Holy Roman Emperor in nearly 40 years.






24. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV walks to Canossa where he stands barefoot in the snow to beg forgiveness of the Pope for his offences - and admitting defeat in theInvestiture Controversy.This helps establish Papal rule over European heads of state for an






25. Kingdom of Portugal conquers Ceuta.Beginning of the Portuguese Empire.






26. Muhammad Migrates from Mecca to Medina.Event will have designated first year of the Islamic Calendar - as Anno Hegirae.






27. August 26thBattle of Cr






28. Harold Fairhair becomes King of Norway.






29. The fall of the Yuan Dynasty. Its remnants - known as Northern Yuan - continued to rule Mongolia.The breakup of the Mongol Empire - which marked the end of Pax Mongolica.






30. The Third Crusade follows upon Saladin's uniting the Muslim world and recapturing Jerusalem.Despite managing to win several major battles - the Crusaders did not recapture Jerusalem.






31. Vikings attack Paris.






32. The Taira clan are driven out of Kyoto by Minamoto Yoshinaka.The two-year conflict which follows ends at the Battle of Dan no Ura (1185).






33. Spanish Christians succeed in defeating the Moors in the long Reconquista campaigns - after the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa.By 1248 - only the small southern kingdom of Granada remained under Muslim control.






34. The Knights Templar are rounded up and murdered by Philip the Fair of France - with the backing of the Pope.Hastens the demise of the order within a decade.






35. Battle of Anchialus. Simeon I the Great defeats the Byzantines.Recognition of the Imperial Title of the Bulgarian rulers.






36. Death of Offa.Marks the end of Mercian dominance in England.






37. Succession of Hugh Capet to the French Throne.Beginning of Capetian Dynasty.






38. The University of Cambridge is founded.






39. Honen Shonin (Genku) founds the Jodo shu (Pure Land) sect of Buddhism.This event marks the beginning of the Buddhist sectarian movement in Japan.






40. The Knights Templar are founded to protect Jerusalem and European pilgrims on their journey to the city.Becomes the most recognizable - and impactful military orders during the Crusades.






41. Reconquista ends.Marks end of Moorish/Muslim rule within Iberian Peninsula; Unification of Spain and Portugal - respectively.






42. Justinian I publishes the Code of Civil Law.This compiled centuries of legal writings and imperial pronouncements into three parts of one body of law.






43. Chinese Naval Expeditions of Southeast Asia and theIndian Ocean (to Eastern Africa) begins - under the leadership of Zheng He.This will be the first of seven of the Ming Dynasty-sponsored expeditions - lasting until 1433.






44. Lothair of Supplinburg - duke of Saxony - is elected Holy Roman Emperor instead of the nearest heir - Frederick of Swabia.This election marks the beginning of the great struggle between the Guelfs and the Ghibellines.






45. Reconquista ends.Marks end of Moorish/Muslim rule within Iberian Peninsula; Unification of Spain and Portugal - respectively.






46. Emperor Go-Daigo returns to the throne from exile - and begins the Kenmu restoration.The Kamakura Shogunate comes to an end - and the Kenmu Restoration only lasts a few years before the Ashikaga Shogunate begins.






47. Children's Crusade.






48. Battle of Bannockburn.Robert the Bruce restores Scotland's de facto independence.






49. King Henry II of England lands in Ireland to assert his supremacy and the Synod of Cashel acknowledges his sovereignty.With his landing - Henry begins the English claim to and occupation of Ireland which would last some seven and a half centuries.






50. The Hundred Years' War ends.England's once vast territories in France is now reduced to only Calais - which they eventually lose control of as well.