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Timeline Of The Middle Ages

Subjects : trivia, history
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The Fourth Crusade sacked Croatian town of Zadar (ItalianZara) - a rival of Venice. Unable to raise enough funds to pay to their Venetian contractors - the crusaders agreed to sack the city despite letters from PopeInnocent III forbidding such an act






2. The Knights Templar are founded to protect Jerusalem and European pilgrims on their journey to the city.Becomes the most recognizable - and impactful military orders during the Crusades.






3. Beginning of the Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy during which the Popes moved to Avignon.Begins a period of over seven decades of the Papacy outside of Rome that would be one of the major factors of the Western Schism.






4. Genghis Khan was elected as Khagan of the Mongols and the Mongol Empire was established.The Mongols would conquer much of Eurasia - changing former political borders.






5. Rome is sacked by Genseric - King of the Vandals






6. Tang Dynasty ends with Emperor Ai deposed.The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in China commences.






7. The Hanseatic League is founded.This marks a new period of trade and economic development for northern and western Europe.






8. Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV walks to Canossa where he stands barefoot in the snow to beg forgiveness of the Pope for his offences - and admitting defeat in theInvestiture Controversy.This helps establish Papal rule over European heads of state for an






9. August 22ndBattle of Bosworth Field.Richard III dies in battle - and Henry Tudor becomes king of England; last shift of Houses/kingship during the War of the Roses.






10. Minamoto Yoritomo is appointed Sei-i Taishogun - or shogun for short.He is the first of a long line of military dictators to bear this title. The institution would last until 1913.






11. Accession of Harun al-Rashid in Baghdad.






12. Battle of AnkaraBayezid I is captured by Tamerlane's forces - causing the interregnum of the Ottoman Empire.






13. Battle of Nineveh.The Byzantines - under Heraclius - crush the Persians.






14. Pope Leo IX ascends to the papal throne.Leo IX was the pope that excommunicated Patriarch of Constantinople - Michael Cerularius (who also excommunitated Leo) - which caused the Great Schism.






15. Emperor Go-Daigo returns to the throne from exile - and begins the Kenmu restoration.The Kamakura Shogunate comes to an end - and the Kenmu Restoration only lasts a few years before the Ashikaga Shogunate begins.






16. Pope Leo IX ascends to the papal throne.Leo IX was the pope that excommunicated Patriarch of Constantinople - Michael Cerularius (who also excommunitated Leo) - which caused the Great Schism.






17. Heian periodin Japan.Considered to be the last classical period of History of Japan. Chinese influence was at its strongest during this era in Japan.






18. Battle of Roncevaux Pass.






19. The first King of Croatia (rex Croatorum) - Tomislav (910






20. JingkangIncidentThe Jurchen soldiers sack Kaifeng - bringing an end to the Northern Song Dynasty in China; the Song moves further south and makes Lin'an their new capital.






21. The Construction of the Tower of London begins.The tower of London was the ultimate keep of the British Empire.






22. Gregory the Great becomes Pope.The missionary work reached new levels during his pontificate - revolutionized the way of worship for the Catholic Church (Gregorian Chants) - liturgy - etc. - and was soon canonized after his death.






23. The Western Schism during which three claimant popes were elected simultaneously.The Avignon Papacy ends.






24. Dionysius Exiguus publishes the Dionysius Exiguus' Easter table.This initiated the Anno Domini era - used for the Gregorian and Julian calendars.






25. The Cistercian Order is founded.Was a return to the original observance of the Rule of St. Benedict.






26. The Hundred Years' War begins. England and France struggle for dominance of Western Europe.The war will span through three/four different war periods within a 116 year period.






27. John I Tzimiskes murders Nikephoros II and is crowned Byzantine co-emperor in his place.






28. Tamerlane establishes the Timurid Dynasty.During this 35 year period - Tamerlane would ravage his fellow Islamic states such as the Golden Horde and the Delhi Sultanate in order to accomplish his goal of a restored Mongol Empire.






29. Joint Persian-Avar-Slav Siege of Constantinople Constantinople saved - Avar power broken and Persians henceforth on the defensive






30. Serbian Orthodox Church becomes autocephalous under St. Sava - its first Archbishop.






31. Dante publishes his Divine Comedy.Is one of the most defining works of literature during the Late Middle Ages - and among the most recognizable in all of literature.






32. The Concordat of Worms was drawn up between Emperor Henry V and Pope Calixtus II.This concordat ended the investiture struggle - but bitter rivalry between emperor and pope remained.






33. The first known merchant guild.






34. Edward I of England invades Scotland - starting theFirst War of ScottishIndependence.






35. The Ninth Crusade occurs.Considered to be theLast Major Crusade to take place in the Holy Land.






36. The future emperor Henry VI marries Constance of Sicily - heiress to the Sicilian throne.This marriage shifts the focus of the Guelphs/Ghibelline struggle to Sicily and marks the ruin of the House of Hohenstaufen.






37. PopeInnocent III calls for the Albigensian Crusade which seeks to destroy a rival form of Christianity practiced by the Cathars.






38. Leif Ericson is to settle during the winter in present day Canada at L'Anse aux Meadows.Ericson is to be the European to settle in the Americas during the Norse exploration of the Americas.






39. Dictatus Papae in which Pope Gregory VII defines the powers of the pope.Peak of the Gregorian Reform - and an immense factor in theInvestiture Controversy.






40. Through the Compromise of 1107 - suggested by Adela - the sister of King Henry - theInvestiture Struggle in England is ended.This compromise removed one of the points of friction between the English monarchy and the Catholic Church.






41. December 25thCharlemagne is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.With his crowning - Charlemagne's kingdom is officially recognized by the Papacy as the largest in Western Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire.






42. Pepin promises the Pope central Italy. This is arguably the beginning of the temporal power of the Papacy.






43. NovemberPope Lucius III issues the papal bull Ad Abolendam.This bull set up the organization of the medieval inquisitions.






44. The East-West Schism which divided the church into Western Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.Tensions will vary between the Catholic and Orthodox churches throughout the Middle Ages.






45. Battle of St. AlbansTraditionally marks the beginning of the War of the Roses.






46. The Council of Constance ends.The Western Schism comes to a close - and elects Pope Martin V as the sole pope.






47. Vasco da Gama begins his first voyage from Europe toIndia and back.Vasco da Gama was the first European to sail directly to Eastern Asia directly from Europe.






48. The reestablishment of the Bulgarian Empire.






49. The Knights Templar are rounded up and murdered by Philip the Fair of France - with the backing of the Pope.Hastens the demise of the order within a decade.






50. First Crusade. Jerusalem is re-taken from the Muslims on the urging of Pope Urban II.This would lead to the beginning of the Kingdom of Jerusalem - which would last for nearly two centuries; within the era of the Crusades to the Holy Land.