SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE GI
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What serum enzyme is decreased in wilsons disease
Ceruplasmin
Oligosaccharide digestion
FAP
Zollinger Ellison - phenylalanine and tryptophan
2. Achalasia can be secondary to what infectious disease common in South America
Viral - adenovirus in kids - rare in adults but associated with intraluminal mass or tumor
Chagas disease
Dubin johnson
Via the superior pancreaticduodenal
3. What cells make gastric acid - What does it do to stomach pH and what substances regulate it
Around the central vein (zone III)
Parietal cells in the stomach - decrease pH - inc by histamine - ACH - gastrin - dec by somatostatin - GIP - prostaglandin - secretin
Gastrin secreting tumor that causes continuous high levels of acid secretion and ulcers
GERD - esophagitis - esophageal ulcers - inc risk of esophageal cancer
4. At what level do the testicular/ovarian arteries exit the aorta
Liver - brain - cornea - kidneys - joints - Asterixis - Basal ganglia degeneration - dec Ceruloplasmin - Cirrhosis - Corneal deposits - Copper accumulation - Carcinoma (HCC) - Choreiform movements - Dementia
Iron def anemia in older pts - screening of pts >50 with stool occult blood test and colonscopy - apple core lesion on barium enema xray - CEA tumor marker
L2
Terminal ileum and colon
5. What nerve innervates the external hemorrhoids
Stomach to proximal duodenum - liver - gall bladder - pancreas and spleen - celiac - vagus
Reye's syndrome
Increase tumorigenesis
Inferior rectal nerve
6. Bilirubin is the product of what?
Via the middle colic
H pylori (almost 100%)
Heme metabolism
Portal triad: hepatic artery - protal vein - common bile duct - greater and lesser sac - to control bleeding
7. What receptor does histamine bind on the parietal cell and What does it activate
Enterokinase/enteropeptidase from the duodenal mucosa
Lateral to the inferior epigastric artery
Erosive - disruption of mucosal barrier leading to inflammation
H2 receptor - inc cAMP
8. telescoping of 1 bowel segment into distal segment which can compromise blood supply - abdominal emergency in early childhood
Intussusception
Femoral hernia - through femoral canal - lateral to pubic tubercle and women
L1
Gamma glutamyl transferase GGT
9. What layer in the mucosa is repsonsible for motility
Sympathetic (T1- T3 superior cervical ganglion) and parasympathetic (facial and glossopharyngeal nerve)
Muscularis mucosae
Gilbert's
CCK8 receptor - Gq inc IP3/Ca
10. What is the leading cause of bowel incarceration
Femoral hernia
Hyrdolyzes alpha 1-4 linkages to yield disaccharides
Appendicitis
Lamina propria
11. Which area of the hindgut is a watershed area
Meckels
Cimetidine
Phenobarbital - inc liver enzyme synthesis
Splenic flexure
12. gastric hypertrophy with protein loss - parietal cell atrophy and inc mucous cells
Crigler - najjar type 1
Menetriers disease
Redness and tenderness on palpation of extremities
Common hepatic - splenic - left gastric - main blood supply for stomach
13. What is indirect bilirubin
Alcoholic cirrhosis
Unconjugated - water insoluble
Inc conj bilirubin - inc cholesterol - inc alk phos
Internal thoracic to superior epigastric to inferior epigastric
14. What causes primary biliary cirrhosis
Causes of gall stones
Autoimmune rxn leading to lymphcytic infiltrate + granulomas
Dysphagia (due to esophageal web) - glossitis - iron def anemia
Source - G cells in the antrum - action - inc gastric H+ secretion - inc growth of gastric mucosa - and inc gastric motility - regulation - inc by stomach distention/alkalinaztion - amino acids - peptides - vagal stimulation - dec by stomach pH < 1.5
15. What cell produces IF and What does it do
Parietal cells in the stomach - B12 binding protein
Stimulate the H/K ATPase
Common hepatic - splenic - left gastric - main blood supply for stomach
Dec synthesis of apo B - inability to generate chylomicrons - dec secretion of cholesterol - VLDL into the bloodstream - fat accumulation in enterocytes
16. What receptors does ACH bind on the parietal cells and What does it activate
Failure of neural crest migration
The gastroduodenal
Positive urease test
M3 - Gq - inc IP3/Ca
17. glandular metaplasia - replacement of nonkeratinized (stratified) squamous epithelium with intestinal (columnar) epithelium in the distal esophagus
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
18. What serum enzyme is elevated inacute pancreatitis
Lipase
Lamina propria
Hypercoaguability - polycythemia vera - pregnancy - HCC
AST >ALT - ration is usually 1.5
19. What does loss of APC cause
Bile salts (bile conjugated to glycine or taurine) phospholipids - cholesterol - bilirubin - water and ions
AST >ALT - ration is usually 1.5
Decreased intercellular adhesion and increased proliferation
Diverticulitis in elderly - ectopic pregs use hCG to rule out
20. What is the path of a direct inguinal hernia and Where does it travel relative to the inferior epigastric artery
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
21. What does histo show for alpha1 antitrypsin def
Pruritis - jaundice - dark urine - light stools - hepatosplenomegaly
Crohns = transmural (cobblestone mucosa - creeping fat - string sign - linear ulcers fissures - fistulas) UC = mucosal and submucosal (friable mucosal pseudopolyps with freely hanging mesentary - loss of haustra - lead pipe appearance on imaging
Diverticulum
PAS- positive globules in liver -
22. What are the histological findings of the colon
Initial diffuse periumbilical pain localizing to mcburney's point with nausea - fever - possible perforation leading to peritonitis
Upregulated intracellular signal transduction
Crypts but not villi
Cystic dilation of the viteline duct
23. What structures feed into the common hepatic duct
Penicillinamine - AR inheritance
Right and left hepatic duct
Zenkers - halitosis - dysphagia and obstruction
Chagas disease
24. Which IBD usually has transmural inflammation and which has mucosal and submucosal inflammation and What are the characteristic signs of each
Crohns = transmural (cobblestone mucosa - creeping fat - string sign - linear ulcers fissures - fistulas) UC = mucosal and submucosal (friable mucosal pseudopolyps with freely hanging mesentary - loss of haustra - lead pipe appearance on imaging
Glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide
Enterokinase/enteropeptidase from the duodenal mucosa
3rd most common cancer - 3rd deadliest in US - pts > 50 - 1/4 have fam hx
25. What is the frequency of basal electric rhythm in the duodenum
Hyrdolyzes alpha 1-4 linkages to yield disaccharides
Parietal cells in the stomach - decrease pH - inc by histamine - ACH - gastrin - dec by somatostatin - GIP - prostaglandin - secretin
12 waves/min
Causes of gall stones
26. what kind of fistula is associated with diverticulitis
Conj - inc - dec
Colovesical leading to pneumaturia
No
Erosive - disruption of mucosal barrier leading to inflammation
27. Who is at risk for pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Serum mitochondrial antibodies including IgM - associated with CREST - RA and celiac dz
Jewish and African American men
Around the central vein (zone III)
The gastroduodenal
28. Where is the pancreatic enzyme concentration highest and what reaction does it catalyze
Duodenal lumen - hydrolyzes starch to oligosaccharides and disaccharides
Source - D cells (pancreatic islets - GI mucosa) - action - dec gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion - dec pancreatic and small intestine fluid secretion - dec gallbladder contraction - dec insulin and glucagon release
Zenkers - halitosis - dysphagia and obstruction
L2
29. Which serum enzyme increases with heavy EtOH consumption
Inferior rectal nerve
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Gamma glutamyl transferase GGT
Brunners
30. With internal hemorrhoids Where is the anastomoses and Where is it
Diverticulum
Superior rectal and middle and inferior rectal - rectum
Esophageal cancer
Nonkeritinized stratified sqamous epithelium
31. What serum enzyme is elevated in acute pancreatitis and mumps
Begins starch digestion - inactivated by low pH upon reaching the stomach
Inc - weight loss
Spleen to posterior abdominal wall - splenic artery and vein
Amylase
32. What are causes of extrahepatic biliary obstruction
Gallstone - biliary stricture - chronic pancreatitis - carcinoma of the pancreatic head
No - chronic - can present with diarrhea or constipation or alternation - treat sx
Begins starch digestion - inactivated by low pH upon reaching the stomach
Pancreatic insuff - steatorrhea - fat soluble vitamin def - DM
33. What does GET SMASHED stand for in acute pancreatitis
AST
Gallstones - EtOH - trauma - steroids - mumps - autoimmune - scorpion sting - hypercalcemia/hyperlipidemia - ERCP - Drugs (sulfa)
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Worldwide - SC - US - adeno
34. What is the triad of Plummer - Vinson syndrome
All 3 gut layers outpouch as in Meckels
True and most common congenital anomoly of GI tract
Dysphagia (due to esophageal web) - glossitis - iron def anemia
Paraumbilical and superficial and inferior epigastric - umbilicus
35. What kind of salivary gland tumor is painless - moveable mass - bening with high rate of recurrence - most common salivary gland tumor
Phenobarbital - inc liver enzyme synthesis
Warthins' tumor
Myenteric nerve plexus - aurbach
Pleomorphic adenoma
36. What is the cause of physiologic neonatal jaundice
Pertechnetate - study for uptake
IBS at least 2 with recurrent abdominal pain
Centrilobular leading to congestive liver disease
Immature UDP- glucuronyl transferase to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia - jaundice kernicuterus
37. What is the most important mechanism in gastric acid secretion
Gastrin stimulating ECL cells to release histamine - histamine stimulation on parietal cells
The entire
External (superficial) ring only
Stomach to proximal duodenum - liver - gall bladder - pancreas and spleen - celiac - vagus
38. which pancreatic enzyme - secreted in its active form - is responsible for starch digestion
Alpha amylase
Tropheryma whippelii - gram positive and PAS- positive MACS in intestinal lamina proporia and mesenteric nodes
Epithelium
Inc pressure in the intrahepatic ducts leading to injury/fibrosis and bile stasis
39. What are the foregut structures and what supplies their blood and PANS innvervation
Crohns - CF - advanced age - clofibrate - estrogens - multiparity - rapid weight loss - Native American origin
Pain associated with cholecystitis and galls stones - diabetics may not present with pain
Jewish and African American men
Stomach to proximal duodenum - liver - gall bladder - pancreas and spleen - celiac - vagus
40. congenital megacolon characterized by lack of ganglion/enteric nervous plexuses in segment on intestinal biopsy
Dense core bodies
Hirschsprungs
Bile salts (bile conjugated to glycine or taurine) phospholipids - cholesterol - bilirubin - water and ions
Neural muscarinic pathways
41. People of what decent are associated with celiac sprue and what findings/antibodies are present
Alpha1 antitrypsin def - codominant trait
Northern european - Abs to gliadin and tissue transglutaminase - blunted villi - lymphcytes in the lamina proporia
GERD - may also present with nocturnal cough and dyspnea
Inc lower esphogeal tone leading to achalasia
42. What are the ABCDEF of esophageal cancer
Diarrhea - steatorrhea - weight loss - weakness
Alcohol/Achalasia - Barretts - Cigarettes - Diverticuli (Zenkers) Esophageal web/Esophagitis - Familial
Backup of blood into the liver - RHF - budd chiari
Epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back - anorexia - nausea
43. What can hemochromatosis be secondary to...
Chronic transfusion therapy in beta thal major - inc ferritin - inc iron - dec TIBC - inc transferrin saturation
Alpha amylase
Heme metabolism
Phototherapy
44. What is Trousseau's sign
90%
HPNCC
ASA preparations (sulfasalazine) 6- mercaptopurine - infliximab - colectomy
Redness and tenderness on palpation of extremities
45. Where does crohns usually affect the GI tract
Myenteric nerve plexus - aurbach
EtOH
Terminal ileum and colon
Amylase
46. How do burns cause acute gastritis and What is it called
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
47. What ligament connects the liver to the abdominal wall - What is contained within it and From what structure is it derived
Chief cells of the stomach - protein digestion - inc by vagal stimulation local acid
Femoral hernia
H pylori (almost 100%)
Falciform - ligamentum teres - fetal umbilical vein
48. What are the structures of the femoral triangle and how are they organized
Lye ingestion and acid reflux
Hyrdolyzes alpha 1-4 linkages to yield disaccharides
NAV = nerve artery vein - venous near the penis (NAVEL)
Chagas disease
49. Why does carcinoid syndrome not occur if tumor is confined to GI system
Female - fat - fertile - forty
Neural muscarinic pathways
High LES opening pressure and uncoordinated peristalsis - both solids and liquids
Liver metabolizes 5HT
50. Where are peyers patches found
Cystic duct and common hepatic duct
Lamina propora and submucosa
Lye ingestion and acid reflux
Source - K cells (duod - jej) - action - exocrine - dec gastric H+ secretion - endocrine - inc insulin release - regulation - inc by fatty acids - amino acids - oral glucose
Sorry!:) No result found.
Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?
Let me suggest you:
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests
Major Subjects
Tests & Exams
AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT
Certifications
CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/
PMP
ITIL
RHCE
MCTS
More...
IT Skills
Android Programming
Data Modeling
Objective C Programming
Basic Python Programming
Adobe Illustrator
More...
Business Skills
Advertising Techniques
Business Accounting Basics
Business Strategy
Human Resource Management
Marketing Basics
More...
Soft Skills
Body Language
People Skills
Public Speaking
Persuasion
Job Hunting And Resumes
More...
Vocabulary
GRE Vocab
SAT Vocab
TOEFL Essential Vocab
Basic English Words For All
Global Words You Should Know
Business English
More...
Languages
AP German Vocab
AP Latin Vocab
SAT Subject Test: French
Italian Survival
Norwegian Survival
More...
Engineering
Audio Engineering
Computer Science Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Structural Engineering
More...
Health Sciences
Basic Nursing Skills
Health Science Language Fundamentals
Veterinary Technology Medical Language
Cardiology
Clinical Surgery
More...
English
Grammar Fundamentals
Literary And Rhetorical Vocab
Elements Of Style Vocab
Introduction To English Major
Complete Advanced Sentences
Literature
Homonyms
More...
Math
Algebra Formulas
Basic Arithmetic: Measurements
Metric Conversions
Geometric Properties
Important Math Facts
Number Sense Vocab
Business Math
More...
Other Major Subjects
Science
Economics
History
Law
Performing-arts
Cooking
Logic & Reasoning
Trivia
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests