SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE GI
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the results of hemochromatosis
2 inches long - 2 feet from ileocecal valve - 2% of pop - first 2 years of life - 2 types of epithelia
CHF and inc risk of HCC
Smooth
Hyperpigmented mouth - lips - hands - genitalia
2. What do you treat Wilsons disease with and What is the inheritance
Penicillinamine - AR inheritance
Volvulus
Gallstones - EtOH - trauma - steroids - mumps - autoimmune - scorpion sting - hypercalcemia/hyperlipidemia - ERCP - Drugs (sulfa)
Erosive - disruption of mucosal barrier leading to inflammation
3. In what scenarios do pts with gilberts have inc bili
Failure of the processus vagainlis to close
Fasting and stress
Initial diffuse periumbilical pain localizing to mcburney's point with nausea - fever - possible perforation leading to peritonitis
Acute pancreatitis
4. strictures - fistulas - perianal disease - malabsorption - nutritional depletion - colorectal cancer
Largest nimber of goblet cells in the small intestine - plicae circulares and crypts of lieberkuhn
Cystic duct and common hepatic duct
High LES opening pressure and uncoordinated peristalsis - both solids and liquids
Complications of crohns
5. Painless bleedgin of submucosal veins in lower 1/3 of esophagus
Gastric glands
Cigarettes and chronic pancreatitis - not EtOH
Hyperplastic
Esophageal varices
6. What is biliary colic
Redundant mesentary
Internal thoracic to superior epigastric to inferior epigastric
Triglycerides and micelle formation - required for absorption of of non polar nutrients in small intestine
Pain associated with cholecystitis and galls stones - diabetics may not present with pain
7. What is charcot triad of cholangitis
5HT - wheezing - right sided heart murmurs - diarrhea - flushing -
Backup of blood into the liver - RHF - budd chiari
2 inches long - 2 feet from ileocecal valve - 2% of pop - first 2 years of life - 2 types of epithelia
Jaundice - fever - RUQ
8. gastric hypertrophy with protein loss - parietal cell atrophy and inc mucous cells
Menetriers disease
Conj - inc - dec
CCK8 receptor - Gq inc IP3/Ca
M3 - Gq - inc IP3/Ca
9. a false diverticulum - herniation of mucosal tissue at junction of pharynx and esophagus - How does this present
Oligosaccharide digestion
Chronic transfusion therapy in beta thal major - inc ferritin - inc iron - dec TIBC - inc transferrin saturation
Adhesion
Zenkers - halitosis - dysphagia and obstruction
10. What is the HLA association and treatment for hemochromatosis
Dissaccharidase def - most commonly lactase
Repeated phlebotomy - deferoxamine - HLA- A3
Hiatal hernia - sliding - hourglass shape - and paraesophageal hernia where stomach chomes up through the hiatus
Inspiratory arrest on deep palpation due to pain
11. Which IBD has skip lesions and can hit any portion of the GI tract but sprares the rectum - and Which is mainly has continuous lesions in the colon and always has rectal involvement
Skip lesions =crohns - colon = UC
Alfatoxin in peanuts
Appendicitis
M3 - Gq - inc IP3/Ca
12. What is the frequency of basal electric rhythm in the duodenum
12 waves/min
5HT - wheezing - right sided heart murmurs - diarrhea - flushing -
Copious diarrhea - non alpha - non beta cell pancreatic tumor
Curling's ulcer - dec plasma volume and sloughing of gastric mucosa
13. Where on the stomach does the gastrohepatic ligament attach to - What does it contain - and How is used in surgery
Worldwide - SC - US - adeno
Liver metabolizes 5HT
MSI (15%) and APC/beta catenin chromosomal instability (85%)
Lesser curvature - gastric arteries - cut in surgery to access lesser sac
14. inadequate hepatic liver copper excretion and failure of copper to enter circulation as ceruloplasmin
Hemosiderosis - hemochromatosis
...
Closer to isotonic because of less time to reabsorb NaCl
Uridine glucuronyl transferase
15. final and irreversible alcoholic liver disease with micronodular irregularly shrunken liver with hobnail appearance
Alcoholic cirrhosis
Duodenal lumen - hydrolyzes starch to oligosaccharides and disaccharides
Smooth
Curling's ulcer - dec plasma volume and sloughing of gastric mucosa
16. What can fistula between the gallbladder and small intestine create and how can you tell
Inc size - villous histology - inc epithelial dysplasia - precursor to CRC
T cell lymphoma
Air into the biliary tree - if gallstone obstructs ileocecal valve - air can be seen in biliary tree on imaging
Alk phos
17. What structures feed into the common bile duct
Repeated phlebotomy - deferoxamine - HLA- A3
Cystic dilation of the viteline duct
Distal duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon - SMA - vagus
Cystic duct and common hepatic duct
18. What type of insults result in micronodular cirrhosis
8-9 waves/min
<3mm nodules - metabolic - etoh - hemochromatosis - wilsons
Sympathetic (T1- T3 superior cervical ganglion) and parasympathetic (facial and glossopharyngeal nerve)
L3
19. In MSI - What is the mechanism for CRC and what syndrome is associated with this defect
DNA mistmatch repair gene mutations lead to sporadic and HNPCC syndrome - mutations accumulate but not define morphologic correlates
CF - obstructing cancer - chronic pancreatitis - causes malabsorption of fat and fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)
Inc risk of CRC and other visceral malignancies
Many diverticula - associated with low fiber diets - caused by inc intraluminal pressure and focal weakness in colonic wall
20. What other condition can lead to acute gastritis - think renal
Uremia
L3
Menetriers disease
Crohns = maybe - UC= always
21. What is diverticulosis
Autoimmune= ulcerative colitis - disordered response to bactere = crohns
Many diverticula - associated with low fiber diets - caused by inc intraluminal pressure and focal weakness in colonic wall
Esophageal carcinoma
Decreased intercellular adhesion and increased proliferation
22. How does CRC present in the distal and proximal colon
Distal colon - obstruction - colicky pain - hematochezia - proximal colon - dull pain - iron deficiency anemia - fatigue
Dilated esophagus with an area of distal stenosis - birds beak
EtOH
Greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon - gastroepiploic arteries - greater omentum
23. What is the path of a direct inguinal hernia and Where does it travel relative to the inferior epigastric artery
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
24. What histological findings are present in the stomach
Source - D cells (pancreatic islets - GI mucosa) - action - dec gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion - dec pancreatic and small intestine fluid secretion - dec gallbladder contraction - dec insulin and glucagon release
Jewish and African American men
Gastric glands
Corticosteroids - infliximab
25. What causes carcinoid syndrome amd What are the symptoms
Falciform - ligamentum teres - fetal umbilical vein
5HT - wheezing - right sided heart murmurs - diarrhea - flushing -
GERD - may also present with nocturnal cough and dyspnea
Cholecystitis - usually from gallstones rarely ischemia or infxn (CMV)
26. What are the borders of Hesselbach's triangle
Villi and microvilli inc absorptive surface - brunner's glands and crypts of lieberkuhn
Poor anastamoses
Inferior epigastric artery - lateral border of rectus abdominis - inguinal ligament
Achalasia due to loss of myenteric plexus (auberach)
27. At what level do the testicular/ovarian arteries exit the aorta
Unconjugated - water insoluble
Alpha1 antitrypsin def - codominant trait
Cimetidine
L2
28. in carcinoid tumors - What is seen on EM
Juvenille polyps - no risk if single
Dense core bodies
Internal thoracic to superior epigastric to inferior epigastric
HSV-1 - CMV - Candida
29. What serum enzyme is elevated in acute pancreatitis and mumps
CF - obstructing cancer - chronic pancreatitis - causes malabsorption of fat and fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)
Amylase
Sphincter of oddi
H2 receptor - inc cAMP
30. why infxn is implicated in duodenal PUD
H pylori (almost 100%)
Jewish and African American men
Begins starch digestion - inactivated by low pH upon reaching the stomach
High LES opening pressure and uncoordinated peristalsis - both solids and liquids
31. What pancreatic enzymes are responsible for fat digestion
Glucouronate - water soluble (direct)
AST>ALT
Amylase
Lipase - phospholipase A - colipase
32. What are the barium swallow findings of achalasia
Mallory bodies
Dilated esophagus with an area of distal stenosis - birds beak
Femoral hernia
Kids - lymphoid hyperplasia afer viral infxn - adults - obstruction - fecalith
33. What is the other name for GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide)
Osmotic
Glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide
Failure of neural crest migration
Gallbladder
34. is meckels a true diverticulum and how common is it
US and cholecystectomy
True and most common congenital anomoly of GI tract
Inspiratory arrest on deep palpation due to pain
No
35. What are the labs in acute pancreatitis
Elevated amylase - and lipase
Heme metabolism
Aspirin metabolites dec beta oxidation by reversible inhibition of mitocondrial enzyme - ASPIRIN Not RECOMMENDED FOR CHILDREN
Inhibits parietal cells because of ACH is NT - while GRP works at the G cells
36. Mucosal lacerations at the gastroesophageal junction due to severe vomiting - presentation - and risk groups
Chronic calcifying pancreatitis - inc risk of panreatic cancer
GERD - esophagitis - esophageal ulcers - inc risk of esophageal cancer
Can lead to hematemesis - found in EtOHics and bulimics
Crohns = noncaseating granulomas - UC = crypt abscesses
37. How do villi appear in disaccharidease def
Hydrocele
Normal
Lye ingestion and acid reflux
IBD - Strep bovis bacteremia - tobacco - large villous adenomas - juvenille polyposis syndrome - peutz jehgers syndrome
38. What do mucins do?
Ischemic colitis
Duodenum - 2nd - 3rd and 4th parts
Lubricate food (glycoprotiens)
Lipase
39. What is the triad of Plummer - Vinson syndrome
Initial diffuse periumbilical pain localizing to mcburney's point with nausea - fever - possible perforation leading to peritonitis
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Stercobilin
Dysphagia (due to esophageal web) - glossitis - iron def anemia
40. At what spinal level does the SMA exit
Superior rectal and middle and inferior rectal - rectum
L1
DNA mistmatch repair gene mutations lead to sporadic and HNPCC syndrome - mutations accumulate but not define morphologic correlates
Source - parasympathetic ganglion in sphincters - gallbladder - small intestine - action - inc intestinal water and electrolyte secretion - inc relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle and sphincters - regulation - inc by distention and vagal stimulati
41. What causes primary biliary cirrhosis
Left and right gastroepiploics - left and right gastrics
Inc conj bilirubin - inc cholesterol - inc alk phos
Sphincter of oddi
Autoimmune rxn leading to lymphcytic infiltrate + granulomas
42. Where are carcinoid tumors most commonly malignant
Pleuroperitoneal
Trypsin - chymotrypsin - elastase - carboxypeptidases
Small intestine
The gastroduodenal
43. mildly dec UDPGT or dec bilirubin uptake - asymptomatic - elevated uncong bili without over hemolysis
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
44. Where does type B chronic gastritis occur and What causes it
Antrum - H.pylori - inc risk of MALT lymphoma
Serum mitochondrial antibodies including IgM - associated with CREST - RA and celiac dz
No - chronic - can present with diarrhea or constipation or alternation - treat sx
Iron def anemia in older pts - screening of pts >50 with stool occult blood test and colonscopy - apple core lesion on barium enema xray - CEA tumor marker
45. What kind of muscle is in the lower 1/3 of the esophagus
Neural muscarinic pathways
Chronic calcifying pancreatitis - inc risk of panreatic cancer
Smooth
Upregulated intracellular signal transduction
46. Where is B12 absorbed
GLUT 2
In the ileum with bile acids - requires IF
Redness and tenderness on palpation of extremities
Sphincter of oddi
47. What kind of salivary gland tumor is painless - moveable mass - bening with high rate of recurrence - most common salivary gland tumor
External - receive somatic innervation - internal receive visceral innervation - not painful but sign of portal HTN
Conj - inc - dec
Pleomorphic adenoma
Barrett's esophagus
48. What is the cause of physiologic neonatal jaundice
Menetriers disease
Immature UDP- glucuronyl transferase to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia - jaundice kernicuterus
Diarrhea - steatorrhea - weight loss - weakness
Lubricate food (glycoprotiens)
49. What is the classic triad of hemochromatosis
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
50. Which serum enzyme increases with heavy EtOH consumption
Superior rectal from IMA - superior rectal vein to inf mesenteric to portal system
Gamma glutamyl transferase GGT
Gastrohepatic ligament
Source - K cells (duod - jej) - action - exocrine - dec gastric H+ secretion - endocrine - inc insulin release - regulation - inc by fatty acids - amino acids - oral glucose
Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?
Let me suggest you:
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests
Major Subjects
Tests & Exams
AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT
Certifications
CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/
PMP
ITIL
RHCE
MCTS
More...
IT Skills
Android Programming
Data Modeling
Objective C Programming
Basic Python Programming
Adobe Illustrator
More...
Business Skills
Advertising Techniques
Business Accounting Basics
Business Strategy
Human Resource Management
Marketing Basics
More...
Soft Skills
Body Language
People Skills
Public Speaking
Persuasion
Job Hunting And Resumes
More...
Vocabulary
GRE Vocab
SAT Vocab
TOEFL Essential Vocab
Basic English Words For All
Global Words You Should Know
Business English
More...
Languages
AP German Vocab
AP Latin Vocab
SAT Subject Test: French
Italian Survival
Norwegian Survival
More...
Engineering
Audio Engineering
Computer Science Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Structural Engineering
More...
Health Sciences
Basic Nursing Skills
Health Science Language Fundamentals
Veterinary Technology Medical Language
Cardiology
Clinical Surgery
More...
English
Grammar Fundamentals
Literary And Rhetorical Vocab
Elements Of Style Vocab
Introduction To English Major
Complete Advanced Sentences
Literature
Homonyms
More...
Math
Algebra Formulas
Basic Arithmetic: Measurements
Metric Conversions
Geometric Properties
Important Math Facts
Number Sense Vocab
Business Math
More...
Other Major Subjects
Science
Economics
History
Law
Performing-arts
Cooking
Logic & Reasoning
Trivia
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests