SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE GI
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What kind of anemia is in Wilsons
Hemolytic anemia
Jaundice - tender hepatomegaly - ascites - polycythemia - hypoglycemia
H pylori (70%) - NSAIDS - dec mucosal protection against gastric acid
90%
2. a false diverticulum - herniation of mucosal tissue at junction of pharynx and esophagus - How does this present
Zenkers - halitosis - dysphagia and obstruction
Dissaccharidase def - most commonly lactase
2ndary biliary cirrhosis
Dubin johnson
3. What gives urine its characteristic color
When diffusely infiltrative - thickened rigid appearance like a leather bottle
Serous on the sides parotids - mucinous in the middle sublingual
Only mucosa or submucosa - occur where vasa recta perforate muscularis externa
Urobilin
4. What gives stool its characteristic color
Inferior rectal nerve
Stercobilin
Pancreatic and bile
Dilated esophagus with an area of distal stenosis - birds beak
5. which pancreatic enzyme - secreted in its active form - is responsible for starch digestion
Striated
HBV - HCV - wilsons dz - hemochromatosis - alpha1- antitrypsin def - alcoholic cirrhosis
Cimetidine
Alpha amylase
6. What is the clinical presentation of acute pancreatitis
Volvulus
Mitochondrial abnl - fatty liver - hypoglycemia - coma
Falciform - ligamentum teres - fetal umbilical vein
Epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back - anorexia - nausea
7. What are the foregut structures and what supplies their blood and PANS innvervation
CCK8 receptor - Gq inc IP3/Ca
Jaundice - tender hepatomegaly - ascites - polycythemia - hypoglycemia
Immature UDP- glucuronyl transferase to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia - jaundice kernicuterus
Stomach to proximal duodenum - liver - gall bladder - pancreas and spleen - celiac - vagus
8. What does K- ras mutation cause
Osmotic
Hiatal hernia - sliding - hourglass shape - and paraesophageal hernia where stomach chomes up through the hiatus
Upregulated intracellular signal transduction
Budd chiari syndrome
9. What are the labs for primary/secondary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis
Lipase - phospholipase A - colipase
8-9 waves/min
Lubricate food (glycoprotiens)
Inc conj bilirubin - inc cholesterol - inc alk phos
10. What are the barium swallow findings of achalasia
Dilated esophagus with an area of distal stenosis - birds beak
Lipase
L3
Kids - lymphoid hyperplasia afer viral infxn - adults - obstruction - fecalith
11. What test and result confirms H pylori infxn
Positive urease test
AST
L4
M3 - Gq - inc IP3/Ca
12. Bile is critical for exrection of what substance
Duodenal atresia - Downs
Fundus/body - autoimmune - autoantibodies to parietal cells - perncious anemia - and achlorhydria
Cholesterol
HSV-1 - CMV - Candida
13. What is the path of a direct inguinal hernia and Where does it travel relative to the inferior epigastric artery
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
14. At what level of the spine does the IM exit the aorta
Meconium ileus
Epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back - anorexia - nausea
Complications of crohns
L3
15. How is bilirubin carried in the blood
Lactase is located at the tips of intestinal villi
Hydrocele
Phototherapy
With albumin
16. When do you see hypertrophy of brunners glands
Peptic ulcer disease
Crypts but not villi
Internal thoracic to superior epigastric to inferior epigastric
Alk pho
17. Where is B12 absorbed
L2
In the ileum with bile acids - requires IF
Closer to isotonic because of less time to reabsorb NaCl
Bleeding - intussusception - volvulus - obstruction near terminal ileum
18. How is salivary secretion stimulated
Dilated esophagus with an area of distal stenosis - birds beak
Hernia
Sympathetic (T1- T3 superior cervical ganglion) and parasympathetic (facial and glossopharyngeal nerve)
IBD - Strep bovis bacteremia - tobacco - large villous adenomas - juvenille polyposis syndrome - peutz jehgers syndrome
19. What happens to the short gastics if the splenic artery is blocked
Female - fat - fertile - forty
Inferior epigastric artery - lateral border of rectus abdominis - inguinal ligament
Crohns = transmural (cobblestone mucosa - creeping fat - string sign - linear ulcers fissures - fistulas) UC = mucosal and submucosal (friable mucosal pseudopolyps with freely hanging mesentary - loss of haustra - lead pipe appearance on imaging
Poor anastamoses
20. Acute gastritis is caused By what process
Viral - adenovirus in kids - rare in adults but associated with intraluminal mass or tumor
Erosive - disruption of mucosal barrier leading to inflammation
Juvenille polyps - no risk if single
Peutz jeghers
21. In an MI - which liver enzyme is elevated
Hirschsprungs
AST
Old men - arthralgias - cardiac and neuro sx
Pancreatic and bile
22. In MSI - What is the mechanism for CRC and what syndrome is associated with this defect
DNA mistmatch repair gene mutations lead to sporadic and HNPCC syndrome - mutations accumulate but not define morphologic correlates
Femoral hernia
Black - rotors syndrome
Duodenum - 2nd - 3rd and 4th parts
23. Where are oligosaccharide hydrolases and What do they do
Brush border of intestine - produce monosaccharides from oligo and di
Lamina propria
Superior rectal from IMA - superior rectal vein to inf mesenteric to portal system
Virchow's node
24. What conditions are associated with budd chiari
Stimulate intestinal persistalsis
Iron def anemia in older pts - screening of pts >50 with stool occult blood test and colonscopy - apple core lesion on barium enema xray - CEA tumor marker
Alk phos
Hypercoaguability - polycythemia vera - pregnancy - HCC
25. What do mucins do?
Above
Cystic dilation of the viteline duct
Crohns - CF - advanced age - clofibrate - estrogens - multiparity - rapid weight loss - Native American origin
Lubricate food (glycoprotiens)
26. What drug inhibits the H/K ATPase
Complications of crohns
Inferior rectal nerve
Omeprazole
Source - parasympathetic ganglion in sphincters - gallbladder - small intestine - action - inc intestinal water and electrolyte secretion - inc relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle and sphincters - regulation - inc by distention and vagal stimulati
27. Who gets gastric ulcers
Smooth
Barrett's esophagus
Older patients
PAS- positive globules in liver -
28. early bilious vomiting - with proximal stomach distention - double bubble - due to failure of recanalization of small bowel - dz and association
Inferior epigastric artery - lateral border of rectus abdominis - inguinal ligament
Via the superior pancreaticduodenal
Duodenal atresia - Downs
The jejunum
29. What separates the right greater and lesser sacs
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Gastrohepatic ligament
Gallstone - biliary stricture - chronic pancreatitis - carcinoma of the pancreatic head
Pertechnetate - study for uptake
30. What kind of pathways do CCK act on to cause pancreatic secretion
Neural muscarinic pathways
Gastrin stimulating ECL cells to release histamine - histamine stimulation on parietal cells
Unconj - absent (acholuria) - inc
High LES opening pressure and uncoordinated peristalsis - both solids and liquids
31. involvement of left supraclavicular node by mets from stomach
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
32. What serum enzyme is elevated in acute pancreatitis and mumps
Below
Esophageal varices
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Amylase
33. What does a low flow rate mean for saliva
Failure of neural crest migration
Hypotonic because of more time to reabsorb NaCl
Early childhood - neuro sx and malabsorption
Epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back - anorexia - nausea
34. What is the lumen of the pancreatic duct
Portal triad: hepatic artery - protal vein - common bile duct - greater and lesser sac - to control bleeding
Ampulla of vater
Worldwide - SC - US - adeno
The femoral nerve - only the vein artyer and canal (with deep inguinal lymph nodes)
35. What serum enzyme is decreased in wilsons disease
90%
Meckels
Ceruplasmin
The gastroduodenal
36. What is the TX of physiologic neonatal jaundice
Distal 1/3 of transverse colon to supper portion of rectum - IMA - and PANS
Phototherapy
Neutralizes gastric acid allowing pancreatic enzymes to fxn
Around the central vein (zone III)
37. In which portion of the esophagus is it sqamous cell cancer and in which portion is adenocarcinoma
HPNCC
Budd chiari syndrome
Cystic dilation of the viteline duct
Squamous - upper 1/3 - adeno - lower 1/3
38. What causes carcinoid syndrome amd What are the symptoms
Inc lower esphogeal tone leading to achalasia
Source - S cells (duod) - action - inc pancreatic bicarb secretion - dec gastric acid secretin - inc bile secretion - regulation - inc by acid - fatty acids in lumen of duod
Antrum - H.pylori - inc risk of MALT lymphoma
5HT - wheezing - right sided heart murmurs - diarrhea - flushing -
39. What does bicab do in the mouth
Enterokinase/enteropeptidase from the duodenal mucosa
Neutralizes oral bacertial acids and maintains dental health
High LES opening pressure and uncoordinated peristalsis - both solids and liquids
Alfatoxin in peanuts
40. What is the most common indication of emergent abdominal surgery in children
Abdominal pain radiating to back - weight loss due to malabsorption - migratory thrombophlebitis - obstructice jaundice with palpable gallbladder
Volvulus
Appendicitis
Oral glucose
41. What arteries exit just below the SMA
The gastroduodenal
Alk pho
L/R renal artery around L1
Air into the biliary tree - if gallstone obstructs ileocecal valve - air can be seen in biliary tree on imaging
42. How many layers of spermatic fascia are covers an indirect inguinal hernia
Source - I cells (duod - jej - action - inc pancreative secretion - inc gallbladder contraction - dec gastric emptying - sphincter of Oddi relaxation - regulation - inc by fatty acids and amino acids
Warthins' tumor
GERD - may also present with nocturnal cough and dyspnea
All 3
43. What kind of salivary gland tumor is benign - heterotopic salivary gland tissue - trapped in lymph node and surrounded by lymphatic tissue
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
44. Tortuous dilation of vessels and bleeding - most often in cecum - terminal ileum and ascending colon - common in older patients - confirmed by angiography
External spermatic fascia only
Turcot
Angiodysplasia
Alk phos
45. Tumor of neuroendocrine cells constituting 50% of small bowel tumors - most common sites are the appendix - ileum and rectum
Hemosiderosis - hemochromatosis
Carcinoid syndrome
H+
Short gastrics - left greater and lesser
46. malnutrition - toxic megacolon - colorectal carcinoma
Hydrocele
Complications of UC
Splenic flexure
Normal
47. What is diverticulosis
Chronic calcifying pancreatitis - inc risk of panreatic cancer
Many diverticula - associated with low fiber diets - caused by inc intraluminal pressure and focal weakness in colonic wall
Peptic ulcer disease
Lamina propria
48. Which is used more quickly - an oral glucose load - or that by IV
Lipase - phospholipase A - colipase
AST
Oral glucose
Alternating strictures and dilation with beading of intra and extrahepatic bile ducts on ERCP
49. What structures feed into the cystic duct
Iron def anemia in older pts - screening of pts >50 with stool occult blood test and colonscopy - apple core lesion on barium enema xray - CEA tumor marker
Gallbladder
Complications of crohns
Closer to isotonic because of less time to reabsorb NaCl
50. Esophagitis can result From which 3 infectious agents - or chemical ingestion
Neural muscarinic pathways
HSV-1 - CMV - Candida
Downs
Carcinoid syndrome