SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE GI
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. How do secondary biliary cirrhosis - primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis present
Pruritis - jaundice - dark urine - light stools - hepatosplenomegaly
Closer to isotonic because of less time to reabsorb NaCl
The submucosal nerve plexus - meissner's
In the mucus that covers the gastric epithelium
2. How does abetalipoproteinemia lead to malabsorption
Mallory bodies
Uremia
Dec synthesis of apo B - inability to generate chylomicrons - dec secretion of cholesterol - VLDL into the bloodstream - fat accumulation in enterocytes
Low pressure proximal to LES
3. What does K- ras mutation cause
Liver - brain - cornea - kidneys - joints - Asterixis - Basal ganglia degeneration - dec Ceruloplasmin - Cirrhosis - Corneal deposits - Copper accumulation - Carcinoma (HCC) - Choreiform movements - Dementia
High LES opening pressure and uncoordinated peristalsis - both solids and liquids
Upregulated intracellular signal transduction
Crohns - CF - advanced age - clofibrate - estrogens - multiparity - rapid weight loss - Native American origin
4. what kind of muscle is in the upper 1/3 of esophagus
Peyer's patches - plicae circulares in the proximal ileum and crypts of lieberkuhn
Striated
Source - SI - action - produces migrating motor complexes - regulation - inc in fasting state
External (superficial) ring only
5. What is indirect bilirubin
Unconjugated - water insoluble
Inc size - villous histology - inc epithelial dysplasia - precursor to CRC
Epithelium
Can lead to hematemesis - found in EtOHics and bulimics
6. What does the gastrocolic ligament connect - What is contained - and what larger structure is it a part of...
Greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon - gastroepiploic arteries - greater omentum
Cimetidine
Turcot
Budd chiari syndrome
7. What is the rule of 2s for meckels
Source - G cells in the antrum - action - inc gastric H+ secretion - inc growth of gastric mucosa - and inc gastric motility - regulation - inc by stomach distention/alkalinaztion - amino acids - peptides - vagal stimulation - dec by stomach pH < 1.5
2 inches long - 2 feet from ileocecal valve - 2% of pop - first 2 years of life - 2 types of epithelia
Spleen to posterior abdominal wall - splenic artery and vein
Chief cells of the stomach - protein digestion - inc by vagal stimulation local acid
8. What are motilin receptor agonists used for clinically
Normal
AR
Stimulate intestinal persistalsis
Migratory polyarthritis - erythema nodusum - anklyosing spondylitis - uveitis - immunologic disorders
9. What skin condition is associated with celiac sprue
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Inc - weight loss
Centrilobular congestion and necrosis - cardiac cirrhosis
Hyperpigmented mouth - lips - hands - genitalia
10. What is the frequency of basal electric rhythm in the duodenum
12 waves/min
Crohns = transmural (cobblestone mucosa - creeping fat - string sign - linear ulcers fissures - fistulas) UC = mucosal and submucosal (friable mucosal pseudopolyps with freely hanging mesentary - loss of haustra - lead pipe appearance on imaging
External spermatic fascia only
Gilbert's
11. Where are tumors commonly in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
NAV = nerve artery vein - venous near the penis (NAVEL)
Source - S cells (duod) - action - inc pancreatic bicarb secretion - dec gastric acid secretin - inc bile secretion - regulation - inc by acid - fatty acids in lumen of duod
Pancreatic head causing obstructive jaundice
Acute pancreatitis
12. What serum enzyme is elevated in obstructive liver disease - bone disease and bile duct disease
M3 - Gq - inc IP3/Ca
Chagas disease
All 3
Alk pho
13. What makes a true diverticula
Necrotizing enterocolitis
US and cholecystectomy
All 3 gut layers outpouch as in Meckels
Pancreatic head causing obstructive jaundice
14. At what spinal level does the celiac trunk exit
Gallstones - EtOH - trauma - steroids - mumps - autoimmune - scorpion sting - hypercalcemia/hyperlipidemia - ERCP - Drugs (sulfa)
Hemolytic anemia
T12
HPNCC
15. What infection causes Whipple disease and What can you see on LM
Alcoholic hepatitis
Below
Tropheryma whippelii - gram positive and PAS- positive MACS in intestinal lamina proporia and mesenteric nodes
<3mm nodules - metabolic - etoh - hemochromatosis - wilsons
16. When and why is stomach cancer termed linitis plastica
The jejunum
When diffusely infiltrative - thickened rigid appearance like a leather bottle
Pruritis - jaundice - dark urine - light stools - hepatosplenomegaly
Short gastrics - left greater and lesser
17. What structures feed into the common hepatic duct
Right and left hepatic duct
DNA mistmatch repair gene mutations lead to sporadic and HNPCC syndrome - mutations accumulate but not define morphologic correlates
Hemosiderosis - hemochromatosis
Nonkeritinized stratified sqamous epithelium
18. What are the effects of atropine on parietal cells and G cells
Source - I cells (duod - jej - action - inc pancreative secretion - inc gallbladder contraction - dec gastric emptying - sphincter of Oddi relaxation - regulation - inc by fatty acids and amino acids
Inhibits parietal cells because of ACH is NT - while GRP works at the G cells
Portal triad: hepatic artery - protal vein - common bile duct - greater and lesser sac - to control bleeding
Viral - adenovirus in kids - rare in adults but associated with intraluminal mass or tumor
19. What are the treatmet options for crohns
Corticosteroids - infliximab
Epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back - anorexia - nausea
Menetriers disease
PAS- positive globules in liver -
20. Why does volvulus occur more at cecum and sigmoid colon
With albumin
Via the middle colic
Redundant mesentary
All 3
21. With esophageal varices - between What two vessels is the portosystemic anastomoses and Where is it
Aspirin metabolites dec beta oxidation by reversible inhibition of mitocondrial enzyme - ASPIRIN Not RECOMMENDED FOR CHILDREN
Portal HTN
Left gastric vein and esophogeal vein - esophagus
Inc lower esphogeal tone leading to achalasia
22. What are the longterm sequelae of nutmeg liver
Left gastric vein and esophogeal vein - esophagus
Antrum - H.pylori - inc risk of MALT lymphoma
Inferior rectal artery - inferior rectal vein to pudendal vein to internal iliac vein to IVC
Centrilobular congestion and necrosis - cardiac cirrhosis
23. What source of salivary secretion is the most serous and What is the most mucinous
Serous on the sides parotids - mucinous in the middle sublingual
Inferior epigastric artery - lateral border of rectus abdominis - inguinal ligament
H+
Duodenal lumen - hydrolyzes starch to oligosaccharides and disaccharides
24. What kind of pathways do CCK act on to cause pancreatic secretion
Turcot
<3mm nodules - metabolic - etoh - hemochromatosis - wilsons
Neural muscarinic pathways
Spleen to posterior abdominal wall - splenic artery and vein
25. In jaundice of hepatocellular etiology - is the hyperbilirubinemia conjugate or UN - what happens to urine bili - and urine urobilinogen
Phototherapy
Conj/unconj - inc - nl to dec
Oligosaccharide digestion
Portal triad: hepatic artery - protal vein - common bile duct - greater and lesser sac - to control bleeding
26. diffuse fibrosis of liver destroying nl architecture with nodular regeneration
Immature UDP- glucuronyl transferase to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia - jaundice kernicuterus
Centrilobular leading to congestive liver disease
Cirrhosis
Poor anastamoses
27. FAP + osseous and soft tissue tumors - retinal hyperplasia
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
28. What kind of diarrhea is produced from a disaccharide def
With albumin
Osmotic
Brunners
Warthins' tumor
29. In PUD with a duodenal ulcer does pain inc or dec with meals
Decrease - weight gain
Uridine glucuronyl transferase
Where hindgut meets ectoderm
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
30. How does brain injury lead to acute gastritis and What is it called
Esophageal carcinoma
Largest nimber of goblet cells in the small intestine - plicae circulares and crypts of lieberkuhn
Cushings ulcers - inc vagal stimulation leading to inc vagal stim - inc ACH and inc H+ secretion
Goes through deep inguinal ring - external inguinal ring and into the scrotum
31. Where does type A chronic gastritis occur and What causes it
Hyperplastic
Fundus/body - autoimmune - autoantibodies to parietal cells - perncious anemia - and achlorhydria
Juvenille polyps - no risk if single
In the ileum with bile acids - requires IF
32. glandular metaplasia - replacement of nonkeratinized (stratified) squamous epithelium with intestinal (columnar) epithelium in the distal esophagus
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
33. What percentage of gall stones are cholesterol stones and What are the associations
Myenteric nerve plexus - aurbach
DIC - ARDS - diffuse fat necrosis - hypcalcemia - pseudocyst formation - hemorrhage - infxn - multiorgan failure
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Crohns - CF - advanced age - clofibrate - estrogens - multiparity - rapid weight loss - Native American origin
34. What nerve innervates the external hemorrhoids
Inferior rectal nerve
Lipase - phospholipase A - colipase
Esophageal carcinoma
Bile salts (bile conjugated to glycine or taurine) phospholipids - cholesterol - bilirubin - water and ions
35. What are the layers of the gut wall from inside out
Primarly through ECL leading to histamine release
Alpha amylase
Aspirin metabolites dec beta oxidation by reversible inhibition of mitocondrial enzyme - ASPIRIN Not RECOMMENDED FOR CHILDREN
Mucosa - submucosa - muscularis externa - serosa/adventitia
36. What does a low flow rate mean for saliva
Hypotonic because of more time to reabsorb NaCl
Glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide
Poor anastamoses
Inc pressure in the intrahepatic ducts leading to injury/fibrosis and bile stasis
37. final and irreversible alcoholic liver disease with micronodular irregularly shrunken liver with hobnail appearance
Centrilobular leading to congestive liver disease
Muscularis mucosae
Inferior rectal nerve
Alcoholic cirrhosis
38. Liver cell failure can lead to multisystem signs including
Source - I cells (duod - jej - action - inc pancreative secretion - inc gallbladder contraction - dec gastric emptying - sphincter of Oddi relaxation - regulation - inc by fatty acids and amino acids
Esophageal carcinoma
Coma - scleral icterus - fetor hepaticus - spider nevi - gynecomastia - jaundice - testicular atrophy - hand tremor - bleeding - anemia - ankle edema
Hematogenous - alpha fetoprotein - budd chiari (hepatic vein blockage)
39. What is charcot triad of cholangitis
Older patients
Pancreatic head causing obstructive jaundice
Jaundice - fever - RUQ
Phototherapy
40. What are the ABCDEF of esophageal cancer
Alfatoxin in peanuts
So hypertrophied they look like brain gyri
Abdominal pain radiating to back - weight loss due to malabsorption - migratory thrombophlebitis - obstructice jaundice with palpable gallbladder
Alcohol/Achalasia - Barretts - Cigarettes - Diverticuli (Zenkers) Esophageal web/Esophagitis - Familial
41. If the abdomincal aorta is obstructed - What is the path of blood to the inferior epigastric
Internal thoracic to superior epigastric to inferior epigastric
Downs
Primarly through ECL leading to histamine release
2ndary biliary cirrhosis
42. why infxn is implicated in duodenal PUD
H2 receptor - inc cAMP
Intussusception
Largest nimber of goblet cells in the small intestine - plicae circulares and crypts of lieberkuhn
H pylori (almost 100%)
43. What are additional risk factors for CRC
IBD - Strep bovis bacteremia - tobacco - large villous adenomas - juvenille polyposis syndrome - peutz jehgers syndrome
Mitochondrial abnl - fatty liver - hypoglycemia - coma
NAV = nerve artery vein - venous near the penis (NAVEL)
Erosive - disruption of mucosal barrier leading to inflammation
44. What is the omphalomesenteric cyst
HPNCC
Cystic dilation of the viteline duct
CHF and inc risk of HCC
T cell lymphoma
45. What are the extraintestinal manifestations of crohns
Penicillinamine - AR inheritance
T12
Migratory polyarthritis - erythema nodusum - anklyosing spondylitis - uveitis - immunologic disorders
External (superficial) ring only
46. What gives urine its characteristic color
Krukenbergs tumor
No - chronic - can present with diarrhea or constipation or alternation - treat sx
Hyrdolyzes alpha 1-4 linkages to yield disaccharides
Urobilin
47. subQ peribumbilical metastasis
3rd most common cancer - 3rd deadliest in US - pts > 50 - 1/4 have fam hx
Redundant mesentary
ALT>AST
Sister mary joseph nodule
48. crigler - najjar type II responds to which therapy and How does it work
Krukenbergs tumor
Phenobarbital - inc liver enzyme synthesis
Punched out - clean margins - carcinoma =raised irregular margins
Duodenal atresia - Downs
49. in CF - meconium plug obstructs intestine - preventing stool passage at birth
Spleen to posterior abdominal wall - splenic artery and vein
T12
DIC - ARDS - diffuse fat necrosis - hypcalcemia - pseudocyst formation - hemorrhage - infxn - multiorgan failure
Meconium ileus
50. Which kind of hemorrhoids are painful and why
Around the central vein (zone III)
Jewish and African American men
External - receive somatic innervation - internal receive visceral innervation - not painful but sign of portal HTN
Internal thoracic to superior epigastric to inferior epigastric
Sorry!:) No result found.
Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?
Let me suggest you:
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests
Major Subjects
Tests & Exams
AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT
Certifications
CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/
PMP
ITIL
RHCE
MCTS
More...
IT Skills
Android Programming
Data Modeling
Objective C Programming
Basic Python Programming
Adobe Illustrator
More...
Business Skills
Advertising Techniques
Business Accounting Basics
Business Strategy
Human Resource Management
Marketing Basics
More...
Soft Skills
Body Language
People Skills
Public Speaking
Persuasion
Job Hunting And Resumes
More...
Vocabulary
GRE Vocab
SAT Vocab
TOEFL Essential Vocab
Basic English Words For All
Global Words You Should Know
Business English
More...
Languages
AP German Vocab
AP Latin Vocab
SAT Subject Test: French
Italian Survival
Norwegian Survival
More...
Engineering
Audio Engineering
Computer Science Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Structural Engineering
More...
Health Sciences
Basic Nursing Skills
Health Science Language Fundamentals
Veterinary Technology Medical Language
Cardiology
Clinical Surgery
More...
English
Grammar Fundamentals
Literary And Rhetorical Vocab
Elements Of Style Vocab
Introduction To English Major
Complete Advanced Sentences
Literature
Homonyms
More...
Math
Algebra Formulas
Basic Arithmetic: Measurements
Metric Conversions
Geometric Properties
Important Math Facts
Number Sense Vocab
Business Math
More...
Other Major Subjects
Science
Economics
History
Law
Performing-arts
Cooking
Logic & Reasoning
Trivia
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests