SUBJECTS
|
BROWSE
|
CAREER CENTER
|
POPULAR
|
JOIN
|
LOGIN
Business Skills
|
Soft Skills
|
Basic Literacy
|
Certifications
About
|
Help
|
Privacy
|
Terms
|
Email
Search
Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE GI
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What are the borders of Hesselbach's triangle
Inferior epigastric artery - lateral border of rectus abdominis - inguinal ligament
Budd chiari syndrome
Chief cells of the stomach - protein digestion - inc by vagal stimulation local acid
Inc risk of CRC and other visceral malignancies
2. HyperIgM associated with ulcerative colitis can lead to what biliary tract disease
Dec synthesis of apo B - inability to generate chylomicrons - dec secretion of cholesterol - VLDL into the bloodstream - fat accumulation in enterocytes
2ndary biliary cirrhosis
Hepatomegaly - ascitis - abdominal pain - varices - visible abdominal and back veins - absence of JVD
Lubricate food (glycoprotiens)
3. Where does type B chronic gastritis occur and What causes it
Menetriers disease
Gastric glands
Hydrocele
Antrum - H.pylori - inc risk of MALT lymphoma
4. Acute gastritis is caused By what process
Erosive - disruption of mucosal barrier leading to inflammation
Turcot
Lateral to the inferior epigastric artery
Epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back - anorexia - nausea
5. What are the extraintestinal manifestations of crohns
Fundus/body - autoimmune - autoantibodies to parietal cells - perncious anemia - and achlorhydria
Goes through deep inguinal ring - external inguinal ring and into the scrotum
Hyperplastic
Migratory polyarthritis - erythema nodusum - anklyosing spondylitis - uveitis - immunologic disorders
6. How does abetalipoproteinemia lead to malabsorption
Dec synthesis of apo B - inability to generate chylomicrons - dec secretion of cholesterol - VLDL into the bloodstream - fat accumulation in enterocytes
Hyperpigmented mouth - lips - hands - genitalia
Chronic gastritis and pernicious anemia
Uridine glucuronyl transferase
7. telescoping of 1 bowel segment into distal segment which can compromise blood supply - abdominal emergency in early childhood
Decrease - weight gain
Obstruction of the common bile duct
CCK8 receptor - Gq inc IP3/Ca
Intussusception
8. How does CRC present in the distal and proximal colon
With albumin
Inc - weight loss
Distal colon - obstruction - colicky pain - hematochezia - proximal colon - dull pain - iron deficiency anemia - fatigue
Sympathetic (T1- T3 superior cervical ganglion) and parasympathetic (facial and glossopharyngeal nerve)
9. AD mutation in DNA mismatch repair genes - 80% progress to CRC - proximal colon always involved
HPNCC
Peptic ulcer disease
Conj/unconj - inc - nl to dec
Ceruplasmin
10. What is the frequency of basal electric rhythm in the duodenum
Hepatomegaly - ascitis - abdominal pain - varices - visible abdominal and back veins - absence of JVD
12 waves/min
Source - S cells (duod) - action - inc pancreatic bicarb secretion - dec gastric acid secretin - inc bile secretion - regulation - inc by acid - fatty acids in lumen of duod
The jejunum
11. If the abdominal aorta is blocked - How does blood get to the middle rectal artery
Ampulla of vater
Superior rectal
Jaundice - fever - RUQ
Kids - lymphoid hyperplasia afer viral infxn - adults - obstruction - fecalith
12. internal hemorrhoids and adenocarcinoma occur above or below pectinate line?
Splenic flexure
Above
Colovesical leading to pneumaturia
Inc size - villous histology - inc epithelial dysplasia - precursor to CRC
13. What is the other name for GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide)
Unconjugated - water insoluble
Tropheryma whippelii - gram positive and PAS- positive MACS in intestinal lamina proporia and mesenteric nodes
Glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide
Portal HTN
14. What kind of gall stones are mostly radiolucent and what percentage is opaque and due to what?
IgA secreting plasma cells - ultimately reside in the lamina proporia
Neutralizes oral bacertial acids and maintains dental health
LLQ - fever - leukocytosis - can perforate leading to peritonitis - abscess formation - bowel stenosis - give antiobiotics
Cholesterol - 10-20% opaque due to calcifications
15. What are the signs of peutz jehgers
Cirrhosis
Hyperpigmented mouth - lips - hands - genitalia
Source - parasympathetic ganglion in sphincters - gallbladder - small intestine - action - inc intestinal water and electrolyte secretion - inc relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle and sphincters - regulation - inc by distention and vagal stimulati
Diarrhea - steatorrhea - weight loss - weakness
16. What is the frequency of basal electric rhythm of the ilieum
Inc pressure in the intrahepatic ducts leading to injury/fibrosis and bile stasis
Pruritis - jaundice - dark urine - light stools - hepatosplenomegaly
Hypercoaguability - polycythemia vera - pregnancy - HCC
8-9 waves/min
17. What are the structures of the femoral triangle and how are they organized
Positive
Lesser curvature - gastric arteries - cut in surgery to access lesser sac
Hyperpigmented mouth - lips - hands - genitalia
NAV = nerve artery vein - venous near the penis (NAVEL)
18. What is the classic triad of hemochromatosis
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
19. What type of insults result in micronodular cirrhosis
Alcoholic cirrhosis
Chronic constipation early in life with dilated portion of the colon proximal to the aganglionic segment resulting in a transition zone - involves rectum - usually a failure to pass meconium
<3mm nodules - metabolic - etoh - hemochromatosis - wilsons
Source - I cells (duod - jej - action - inc pancreative secretion - inc gallbladder contraction - dec gastric emptying - sphincter of Oddi relaxation - regulation - inc by fatty acids and amino acids
20. What does histo show for alpha1 antitrypsin def
Pyoderma gangrenosum - primary sclerosing cholangitis
Achalasia due to loss of myenteric plexus (auberach)
PAS- positive globules in liver -
Copious diarrhea - non alpha - non beta cell pancreatic tumor
21. What cell produces IF and What does it do
Immature UDP- glucuronyl transferase to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia - jaundice kernicuterus
Parietal cells in the stomach - B12 binding protein
Mucosal cells in the stomach - duod - salivary glands - pancreas - brunners glands in the duod - neutralizes acid - inc by pancreatic and biliary secretion with secretin
8-9 waves/min
22. What layer in the mucosa is responsible for support
Inferior epigastric artery - lateral border of rectus abdominis - inguinal ligament
Peyer's patches - plicae circulares in the proximal ileum and crypts of lieberkuhn
Jaundice - tender hepatomegaly - ascites - polycythemia - hypoglycemia
Lamina propria
23. Which IBD usually has transmural inflammation and which has mucosal and submucosal inflammation and What are the characteristic signs of each
Dubin johnson
Hemosiderosis - hemochromatosis
Glucouronate - water soluble (direct)
Crohns = transmural (cobblestone mucosa - creeping fat - string sign - linear ulcers fissures - fistulas) UC = mucosal and submucosal (friable mucosal pseudopolyps with freely hanging mesentary - loss of haustra - lead pipe appearance on imaging
24. Which area of the hindgut is a watershed area
Lipase
Centrilobular leading to congestive liver disease
Splenic flexure
Stomach to proximal duodenum - liver - gall bladder - pancreas and spleen - celiac - vagus
25. What kind of pancreatitis is associated with EtOH and smoking
Around the central vein (zone III)
Chronic calcifying pancreatitis - inc risk of panreatic cancer
SGLT1 (Na dependent) glucose - galactose - GLUT 5 fructose (facilitated diffusion)
The proximal small bowel
26. likely infectious form of malabsorption - responds to antibiotics
Mitochondrial abnl - fatty liver - hypoglycemia - coma
Tropical sprue
Mucosa - submucosa - muscularis externa - serosa/adventitia
Lateral
27. What parts of the small bowel can tropical sprue effect
H2 receptor - inc cAMP
Lubricate food (glycoprotiens)
The entire
HPNCC
28. What is the ddx associated with appendicitis
Distal duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon - SMA - vagus
Nonkeritinized stratified sqamous epithelium
Diverticulitis in elderly - ectopic pregs use hCG to rule out
Cystic duct and common hepatic duct
29. Cholecytsokinin - source - action - regulation
Source - I cells (duod - jej - action - inc pancreative secretion - inc gallbladder contraction - dec gastric emptying - sphincter of Oddi relaxation - regulation - inc by fatty acids and amino acids
Gallbladder
Viral - adenovirus in kids - rare in adults but associated with intraluminal mass or tumor
Femoral hernia - through femoral canal - lateral to pubic tubercle and women
30. in CF - meconium plug obstructs intestine - preventing stool passage at birth
T12
Meconium ileus
Villi and microvilli inc absorptive surface - brunner's glands and crypts of lieberkuhn
Celiac sprue
31. Diaphragmatic hernias occur in infants because of defective development of which membrane
Small intestine
Pleuroperitoneal
Inc risk of CRC and other visceral malignancies
US and cholecystectomy
32. What is the mechanism for reyes syndrome
Centrilobular congestion and necrosis - cardiac cirrhosis
Aspirin metabolites dec beta oxidation by reversible inhibition of mitocondrial enzyme - ASPIRIN Not RECOMMENDED FOR CHILDREN
Volvulus
Begins starch digestion - inactivated by low pH upon reaching the stomach
33. At what spinal level does the is the bifurcation of aorta
With albumin
Small intestine
Amylase
L4
34. What kind of insults results in macronodular cirrhosis
Hyperplastic
Gallstones - EtOH - trauma - steroids - mumps - autoimmune - scorpion sting - hypercalcemia/hyperlipidemia - ERCP - Drugs (sulfa)
>3mm nodules - significant liver injury leading to hepatic necrosis - postinfectious - drug induced hepatitis with inc risk of HCC
Increase tumorigenesis
35. Where and How is iron absorbed
Meconium ileus
Immature UDP- glucuronyl transferase to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia - jaundice kernicuterus
Fe2+ in the duod
Myenteric nerve plexus - aurbach
36. What are the main components of bile
Bile salts (bile conjugated to glycine or taurine) phospholipids - cholesterol - bilirubin - water and ions
MSI (15%) and APC/beta catenin chromosomal instability (85%)
AR
Diarrhea - steatorrhea - weight loss - weakness
37. What histological findings are present in the esophagus
Nonkeritinized stratified sqamous epithelium
Skip lesions =crohns - colon = UC
Hepatic steatosis
Chronic hemolysis - alcoholic cirrhosis - advanced age and biliary infxn
38. What do tumors that arise in the head of the pancreas cause
Portal HTN
The submucosal nerve plexus - meissner's
Immature UDP- glucuronyl transferase to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia - jaundice kernicuterus
Obstruction of the common bile duct
39. What is the term for deposition of hemosiderin and What is the name of the disease caused by that deposition
Alcoholic cirrhosis
Cirrhosis
Juvenile polyposis syndrome - inc risk of adenocarcinoma
Hemosiderosis - hemochromatosis
40. What can fistula between the gallbladder and small intestine create and how can you tell
Intussusception
Air into the biliary tree - if gallstone obstructs ileocecal valve - air can be seen in biliary tree on imaging
Below
Early childhood - neuro sx and malabsorption
41. occlusion of IVC or hepatic veins
T12
Brunners
Short gastrics - left greater and lesser
Budd chiari syndrome
42. What is the clinical presentation of acute pancreatitis
Enterokinase/enteropeptidase from the duodenal mucosa
Around the central vein (zone III)
Hypotonic because of more time to reabsorb NaCl
Epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back - anorexia - nausea
43. masses protruding into gut lumen leading to a sawtooth appearance - often rectosigmoid
Glucouronate - water soluble (direct)
Colonic polyps
Hematogenous - alpha fetoprotein - budd chiari (hepatic vein blockage)
Superior rectal
44. What kind of anemia is in Wilsons
Source - I cells (duod - jej - action - inc pancreative secretion - inc gallbladder contraction - dec gastric emptying - sphincter of Oddi relaxation - regulation - inc by fatty acids and amino acids
Alk phos
Hemolytic anemia
Hyperpigmented mouth - lips - hands - genitalia
45. What are causes of extrahepatic biliary obstruction
2 inches long - 2 feet from ileocecal valve - 2% of pop - first 2 years of life - 2 types of epithelia
Dec synthesis of apo B - inability to generate chylomicrons - dec secretion of cholesterol - VLDL into the bloodstream - fat accumulation in enterocytes
Epithelium
Gallstone - biliary stricture - chronic pancreatitis - carcinoma of the pancreatic head
46. Where is there sclerosis in alcoholic cirrohosis
Jaundice - fever - RUQ
Coma - scleral icterus - fetor hepaticus - spider nevi - gynecomastia - jaundice - testicular atrophy - hand tremor - bleeding - anemia - ankle edema
Around the central vein (zone III)
Krukenbergs tumor
47. Tumor of neuroendocrine cells constituting 50% of small bowel tumors - most common sites are the appendix - ileum and rectum
Krukenbergs tumor
Above
Carcinoid syndrome
Acute pancreatitis
48. What is the presenting course for appendicity
Warning
: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in
/var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php
on line
183
49. congenital megacolon characterized by lack of ganglion/enteric nervous plexuses in segment on intestinal biopsy
Hirschsprungs
Dubin johnson
Via the superior pancreaticduodenal
Only mucosa or submucosa - occur where vasa recta perforate muscularis externa
50. HCC is associated with what other conditions
HSV-1 - CMV - Candida
M3 - Gq - inc IP3/Ca
HBV - HCV - wilsons dz - hemochromatosis - alpha1- antitrypsin def - alcoholic cirrhosis
Crohns = noncaseating granulomas - UC = crypt abscesses
Sorry!:) No result found.
Can you answer 50 questions in 15 minutes?
Let me suggest you:
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests
Major Subjects
Tests & Exams
AP
CLEP
DSST
GRE
SAT
GMAT
Certifications
CISSP go to https://www.isc2.org/
PMP
ITIL
RHCE
MCTS
More...
IT Skills
Android Programming
Data Modeling
Objective C Programming
Basic Python Programming
Adobe Illustrator
More...
Business Skills
Advertising Techniques
Business Accounting Basics
Business Strategy
Human Resource Management
Marketing Basics
More...
Soft Skills
Body Language
People Skills
Public Speaking
Persuasion
Job Hunting And Resumes
More...
Vocabulary
GRE Vocab
SAT Vocab
TOEFL Essential Vocab
Basic English Words For All
Global Words You Should Know
Business English
More...
Languages
AP German Vocab
AP Latin Vocab
SAT Subject Test: French
Italian Survival
Norwegian Survival
More...
Engineering
Audio Engineering
Computer Science Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Structural Engineering
More...
Health Sciences
Basic Nursing Skills
Health Science Language Fundamentals
Veterinary Technology Medical Language
Cardiology
Clinical Surgery
More...
English
Grammar Fundamentals
Literary And Rhetorical Vocab
Elements Of Style Vocab
Introduction To English Major
Complete Advanced Sentences
Literature
Homonyms
More...
Math
Algebra Formulas
Basic Arithmetic: Measurements
Metric Conversions
Geometric Properties
Important Math Facts
Number Sense Vocab
Business Math
More...
Other Major Subjects
Science
Economics
History
Law
Performing-arts
Cooking
Logic & Reasoning
Trivia
Browse all subjects
Browse all tests
Most popular tests