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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Are contraindicated in patients with SCID.
Live vaccines
7 years old
Plasmodium ovale
Emphysema

2. What is the MCC of the following meningitides? - In neonates to 3 months of age
Histamine
Thyroid gland
Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia coli
Common peroneal nerve

3. What hormone disorder is characterized by the following abnormalities in sex steroids? - LH? - and FSH?? - Sex steroids - LH - FSH ?
Ristocetin
Primary hypogonadism (postmenopausal women)
Adult polycystic kidney disease
Arterioles

4. What type of fiber or fibers are carried in (answer motor - sensory - or both) x Dorsal rami?
Ganciclovir
LTC4 - LTD4 - and LTE4
Ethyl alcohol
Both

5. Takes place in both the cytoplasm and the mitochondria.
The urea cycle
Follicular lymphoma
ICF volume decreases when there is an increase in osmolarity and vice versa.
Tyrosine

6. What is the most common primary malignant tumor in bone?
Osteosarcoma
Entamoeba histolytica
Molluscum contagiosum
Pontocerebellar angle syndrome

7. What form of penicillin is stable in acid environments?
Penicillin V
Repolarization is from base to apex and from epicardium to endocardium.
Urogenital sinus
Proencephalon

8. How many bases upstream is the eukaryotic TATA box promoter?
1. Competition for carrier with similar chemical substances 2. Chemical specificity needed for transportation 3. Zero - order saturation kinetics (Transportation is maximal when all transporters are saturated.) 4. Rate of transportation faster than i
There are two eukaryotic upstream promoters. The TATA box is -25 base pairs upstream; the CAAT box is -75 bases upstream.
Urogenital folds
Thyroid gland

9. Name the area of the cerebral cortex affected by the description of the effects - symptoms - and results of the lesion - Agraphia - acalculia - finger agnosia - right - left disorientation

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10. People who believe that luck - chance - or the actions of others control their fate have an internal locus of control.
Social learning theory
3'end of the codon (third position) on mRNA and 5' end of the anticodon (first position) on tRNA.
Vesicular stomatitis virus
Blood

11. What is the leading cause of preventable premature death and illness in the United States?
The V/Q ratio increases - since the area is ventilated but hypoperfused as a result of the occlusion.
Kupffer cells
Smoking
1. Liver 2. Kidney 3. Pituitary gland (via 5'- deiodinase enzyme)

12. What two vessels come together to form the external jugular vein?
1. Posterior auricular vein 2. Posterior division of the retromandibular vein
Left heart failure
Enterokinase
DNA polymerases

13. What are the three microscopic pathologic changes seen in Alzheimer's disease?
Senile plaques - neurofibrillary tangles - and granulovascular changes in neurons
It is best to begin with open - ended questions - allowing patients to describe in their own words What troubles them. You can then move to closed - ended questions when narrowing the diagnosis.
Areas 41 and 42
Liquefaction necrosis

14. What form of continuous DNA - used in cloning - has no introns or regulatory elements?
Hydralazine
M
cDNA - when it is made from mRNA
Parvovirus

15. Name the nephritic disease based on the immunofluorescent staining - Mesangial deposits of IgA and C3
Meckel diverticulum
Dominant temporal lobe
IgA nephropathy (Berger disease)
Hepatoma and nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors

16. What level of mental retardation is characterized by x Needing a highly structured environment with constant supervision?
They are all formed by the fifth month of fetal life.
Profound (I.Q. range < 20)
Anemic patients have a depressed O2 content because of the reduced concentration of Hgb in the blood. As for polycythemic patients - their O2 content is increased because of the excess Hgb concentrations.
Disulfiram

17. What mineral is associated with hypothyroidism?
Vitamin C
The limbic system
Iodine (I)
Hepadnavirus

18. What acid - base disturbance occurs in colonic diarrhea
eIF-2 in the P site
REM sleep occurs more often in the second half of sleep. The amount of REM sleep increases as the night goes on.
IgG
Hypokalemic metabolic acidosis occurs in colonic diarrhea because of the net secretion of HCO3- and potassium into the colonic lumen.

19. What foramen must be traversed for entry into the lesser peritoneal sac?
Foramen of Winslow
Klinefelter syndrome
38 ATPs if aerobic - 2 ATPs if anaerobic (36 ATPs[malate shuttle] + 4 ATPs[Glycolysis] - 2 ATPs[phosphorylate glucose] = 38 ATPs)
Clostridium botulinum

20. What CN is associated with the sensory innervation of x Nasopharynx?
Both
Maxillary division of CN V and glossopharyngeal nerves
Iodine - resulting in congenital hypothyroidism
Bunyavirus

21. What is the most common one? - Site of ischemia in the GI tract
Aldosterone Remember - from the outer cortex to the inner layer - Salt - Sugar - Sex. The adrenal cortex gets sweeter as you go deeper.
IgM
Splenic flexure
Schistocytes

22. What two CNs are responsible for the carotid body and sinus reflexes?
Chief cell adenoma (80%)
Lysine and tyrosine
Scrotal cancer - due to the high exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
CN IX and X

23. What is the reservoir for the togavirus?
Clear cell
Birds
Action potential
Berylliosis

24. Name the antidote - Isoniazid
Thyroid hormones
The sensory limb is via CN IX - and the motor limb is from CN X.
Pyridoxine
Relative refractory period

25. What two arteries join to form the superficial and deep palmar arches of the hand?
Crossover study
18 years old (except if emancipated)
Ulnar and radial arteries (ulnar is the main supplier)
Molluscum contagiosum

26. What CN is associated with the x Sixth pharyngeal arch?
Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
1. ADP 2. PG 3. TXA2
CN X
Fetal alcohol syndrome

27. What is the term for white retinal spots surrounded by hemorrhage? In what condition are they seen?
1. Sweat glands 2. Arterioles 3. Veins
Infliximab
Roth spots - and they are seen in bacterial endocarditis.
Climbing fibers; - they are monosynaptic input on Purkinje cells. Mossy fibers - also excitatory - are axons of all other sources and synapse on granule cells.

28. What is the term for flattened nose - low - set ears - and recessed chin seen in patients with bilateral renal agenesis?
Positive correlation
Ketoconazole
Zoophilia
Potter facies

29. Is ACh associated with bronchoconstriction or bronchodilation?
Bronchoconstriction is associated with parasympathetic stimulation (ACh) - and catecholamine stimulation is associated with bronchodilation (why epinephrine is used in emergency treatment of bronchial asthma.)
Staphylococcus aureus
The left is a branch of the aortic arch - while the right is a branch of the brachiocephalic trunk.
1. Decrease the radius of the vessel 2. Increase the length of the vessel 3. Increase the viscosity 4. Decrease the number of parallel channels

30. What is the only DNA virus that does not replicate its DNA in the nucleus of the host cell?
Poxvirus replicates its DNA in the cytoplasm.
Frontal lobe syndrome (lesion in the prefrontal cortex)
Permanent
Spironolactone (binds to aldosterone receptors)

31. What antitubercular agent requires vitamin B6 supplementation?
Aldolase B deficiencies are treated by eliminating fructose from the diet.
Log - kill hypothesis (follows first order kinetics)
Isoniazid
Leptospira

32. What is the only important physiological signal regulating the release of PTH?
Low interstitial free Ca2+ concentrations
Sertoli cell
Glutamine
Risperidone

33. What is the treatment for physiologic jaundice of newborns?
Estrogen use
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
Serotonin
Phototherapy

34. What is the name of the T cell - rich area of the lymph node?
Abs to HBsAg
Spasms of the uterus - bladder - and the biliary tree occur with all of the opioids except meperidine.
Paracortex
Postductal coarctation of the aorta (adult)

35. What intermediate enables propionyl CoA to enter into the TCA cycle?
CD15 and CD30
The AR form is malignant and AD is benign.
G-6- PD
Succinyl CoA

36. What two stress hormones are under the permissive action of cortisol?
Serocystadenocarcinoma
Fossa ovale
Glucagon and epinephrine
Depolarization (i.e. - Na+ influx)

37. What cell of the male reproductive system produces testosterone?
Ergotamines
Tetracyclines
Estrogen can result in a hypercoagulable state because of the decrease in AT III and increase in factors II - VII - IX - and X.
Leydig cells produce testosterone. LH stimulates Leydig cells. (Both start with L.)

38. What water - associated organism is a weakly stained gram - negative rod that requires cysteine and iron for growth?
12 ATPs per acetyl CoA that enter the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (Krebs cycle)
Mallory- Weiss syndrome
1. Protest 2. Despair 3. Detachment
Legionella (think air conditioners)

39. The gallbladder functions to...
produce bile
Measurement bias
The fasciculus gracilis (Graceful) - which lies closest to the midline of the spinal cord.
Emphysema

40. What is the name of the SER of striated muscle?
SHIP: Shifting of the aorta - Hypertrophy of the right ventricle - Interventricular septal defect - Pulmonary stenosis
No change in length
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Are inactivated vaccines available in the United States

41. What virus causes small pink benign wartlike tumors and is associated with HIV- positive patients?
Molluscum contagiosum
Cytochrome c
Sympathetic chain ganglion
Posterior cruciate ligament

42. What cell of the duodenum secretes CCK?
Enteroendocrine (EE) cells; they also secrete secretin.
1 day prior to ovulation
Penicillin V
Pulmonary alveolar macrophages

43. Prevents restriction endonuclease from cutting its own chromosomes.
Beta2- Adrenergic agents
Pantothenic acid
Type I pneumocytes
Methylation of bacterial DNA

44. What CD4 T- cell receptor does the HIV virus bind to?
Gardnerella vaginalis
Ribozymes
gp120
Selegiline

45. What is the term for an increase in the number of cells in a tissue?
IL-10
Water soluble
Tryptophan
Hyperplasia

46. When does the primitive gut herniate out of the embryo? When does it go back into the embryo?
Achalasia. (Think Chagas disease if it presents in a person from Central or South America.)
6 weeks 10 weeks
Lymph nodes
Aminoacyl - tRNA synthetase - which uses 2 ATPs for this reaction.

47. Charcot - Leyden crystals
Psoriasis
Homeodomain proteins
Bronchial asthma (eosinophil membranes)
The pulsatile release of GnRH

48. What is the most common one? - Intramedullary spinal cord tumor in adults
Dysthymia - Which is also known as nonpsychotic depression. (Think of it as the car running but not well.)
Ependymoma
Budd - Chiari syndrome
Pregnancy

49. How is sleep affected in a person with alcohol intoxication?
Haemophilus influenzae type B
Anticipation - associated with fragile X syndrome; Huntington's disease is also associated with a decrease in onset of age.
Entamoeba histolytica (treat with metronidazole)
Decreased REM sleep and REM rebound during withdrawal

50. What has occurred to the renal arterioles based on the following changes in the GFR - RPF - FF - and glomerular capillary pressure? - GFR ? - RPF ? - FF ? - capillary pressure ?
Double - blind study. It is the most scientifically rigorous study known.
Constriction of efferent arteriole
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Mebendazole