Test your basic knowledge |

USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What small coagulase - positive - gram - negative rod with bipolar staining is a facultative intracellular parasite resulting in buboes?
Ligamentum venosum
Yersinia pestis
CD4+ T cells (helper)
Cyanide

2. Name the hypochromic microcytic anemia based on the following laboratory values - Decreased iron - percent saturation - and ferritin; increased TIBC
Iron deficiency anemia
TLC - FRC - and RV have to be calculated. (Remember - any volume that has RV as a component has be calculated.)
Confidence interval. It is a way of admitting estimation for the population.
Bronchogenic carcinoma

3. Neurofibrillary tangles
Adenine and guanine
Cortisol - a 21- carbon steroid - has a - OH group at position 17.
Antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal Abs
Alzheimer disease

4. Are used in combination with estrogens to decrease the risk of endometrial cancer.
Rhombencephalon
Progestins
Orbitomedial frontal lobe
HDL

5. What is the most common one? - Tumor of the female genitourinary tract
Leiomyoma
The lateral vestibular nucleus
Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome)
Left posterolateral side of the diaphragm - usually resulting in pulmonary hypoplasia.

6. Per Freud - with What part of the unconscious are sex and aggression (instincts) associated?
CN II is the sensory limb and CN III is the motor component through parasympathetic stimulation.
T3
Id
Yes. The only civil liberty they lose is the freedom to come and go as they please.

7. Used in the treatment of barbiturate overdose.
Vitamin C
Climbing fibers; - they are monosynaptic input on Purkinje cells. Mossy fibers - also excitatory - are axons of all other sources and synapse on granule cells.
Histoplasma capsulatum
Flumazenil

8. How long after ovulation does fertilization occur?
Decreases
Type I (makes sense - since they have a predisposition for fractures and type I collagen is associated with bones and tendons)
8 to 25 hours
Folic acid deficiency

9. What lysosomal enzyme is deficient in x Tay- Sachs disease?
Enterococcus faecalis
Sexual aversion disorder
Endometrial cancer
Hexosaminidase A

10. What protein deficiency results in respiratory distress syndrome of newborns?
The right gonadal vein drains into the inferior vena cava directly - and the left gonadal vein drains into the left renal vein.
1. Cough 2. Coryza 3. Conjunctivitis
Deficiency in surfactant
Bronchogenic carcinoma

11. What disease has IgG autoantibodies - occurs in women more than men - and includes exophthalmos - pretibial myxedema - nervousness - heart palpitations - and fatigue?
Graves disease
Testicular feminization syndrome (Dude looks like a lady!)
Dependent
Vitamin B6

12. What are the two exceptions to the rule 'all cocci are gram positive'?
Areas 5 and 7
Both Neisseria and Moraxella are gram - negative cocci.
Gynecomastia
Frontal lobe syndrome (lesion in the prefrontal cortex)

13. What is the term for ventilation of unperfused alveoli?
Fusobacterium
Case control studies cannot assess incidence or prevalence - but they can determine causal relationships.
Alveolar dead space
Propofol

14. Kaiser - Fleischer rings - abnormal copper metabolism - and ceruloplasmin deficiency characterize what disease - which may include symptoms of dementia when severe?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

15. What component of the basement membrane binds to collagen type IV and heparin sulfate and is a cell surface receptor?
Androgen - binding protein
Laminin
Substituted judgment. It is made by the person who best knows the patient - not the closest relative.
Rhombencephalon

16. What cells of the retina sees in color and needs bright light to be activated?
70S ribosomes in prokaryotes and 80S ribosomes in eukaryotes
NADPH and molecular O 2
Steroid synthesis - drug detoxification - triglyceride resynthesis - and Ca2+handling
Cones (C for color and cones)

17. What are the four characteristics of all protein - mediated transportation?
1. Competition for carrier with similar chemical substances 2. Chemical specificity needed for transportation 3. Zero - order saturation kinetics (Transportation is maximal when all transporters are saturated.) 4. Rate of transportation faster than i
Autosomal recessive
PDA
Parkinson's disease

18. Describe the loss for each of the following in a hemisection of the spinal cord. (Brown - S
Agents that decrease ACh function reduce tremors and rigidity - not bradykinesias.
Ipsilateral flaccid paralysis
Bernard - Soulier syndrome
1. Cough 2. Coryza 3. Conjunctivitis

19. What enzyme catalyzes the rate - limiting step in cholesterol metabolism?
HMG- CoA reductase
Phase III. It is considered the definitive test.
Ventromedial nucleus; lesions here result in obesity.
Middle meningeal artery

20. What is the name of violent projectile movements of a limb resulting from a lesion in the subthalamic nuclei of the basal ganglia?
Resistance increases as resistors are added to the circuit.
Pneumocystis carinii
Hemiballismus
In the JG cells of the kidney

21. With What three enzymes is thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) associated?
Mycobacterium marinum
Urinary 17- OH steroids
Topoisomerase I (Relaxase)
1. a - Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase 2. Pyruvate dehydrogenase 3. Transketolase Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) functions as a coenzyme vital to tissue respiration. It is required for the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl - coenzyme A -

22. What disorder is due to a deficiency in the enzyme glucocerebrosidase?
Common and internal carotid arteries
Metaproterenol and albuterol
Verbigeration
Gaucher disease

23. What AR syndrome is due to a deficiency of glycoprotein Ib - resulting in a defect in platelet adhesion?
Bernard - Soulier syndrome
CN IX - X - and XII CN XI arises from the cervical spinal cord.
IL-8. It not only is chemotactic - it also acts as an adhesive for neutrophils.
Decrease (5- HT and dopamine levels do the same)

24. Describe What type of fluid is either gained or lost with the following changes in body hydration for the ECF volume - ICF volume - and body osmolarity - respectively: x ECF - decrease; ICF - decrease; body: increase
Mitochondrial inheritance
Loss of hypotonic fluid (alcohol - diabetes insipidus - dehydration)
Prevalence increases. (Incidence does not change.)
1. What did the patient want? 2. What would the patient say? 3. What is in the patient's best interests?

25. What two CD cell surface markers do Reed - Sternberg cells stain positive for?
Live vaccines
Adult polycystic kidney disease
The vaccine contains 23 capsular polysaccharides.
CD15 and CD30

26. What is the name of the postganglionic parasympathetic ganglion that innervates x The lacrimal gland and oral and nasal mucosa?
1. Fat 2. Forty 3. Female 4. Familial 5. Fertile
C5- C8 deficiency
Ewing sarcoma
Pterygopalatine ganglion (I remember this as the only ganglion left.)

27. What AA undergoes N- glycosylation?
At least 30% blast in the bone marrow
Fixed interval
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Asparagine

28. On what layer of the epidermis does all mitosis occur?
Glucocerebrosidase
Rapid cycling bipolar disorder
The sensory component is through the superior laryngeal nerve - and the motor limb is via the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Malpighian layer (made up of the stratum basale and stratum spinosum)

29. What is the term for failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum?
H 2
Cryptorchidism; normally the testes descend into the scrotum within 3 months of birth.
Contralateral loss below and bilateral loss at the level of the lesion
Graves disease

30. What two cell lines of the immune system do not belong to the innate branch?
T and B- cells belong to the adaptive branch - whereas PMNs - NK cells - eosinophils - macrophages - and monocytes belong to the innate branch.
Posterior
LC4 - LD4 - and LE 4
Doxycycline and minocycline

31. What is the DOC for the following protozoal infections? - Leishmaniasis
Stibogluconate
Medial collateral ligament
Anopheles mosquito
Hemochromatosis

32. What three steps of the TCA cycle generate NADH?
Oxygen
NAVEL: Femoral Nerve - Artery - Vein - Empty space - and Lymphatics/Lacunar ligament
1. Malate dehydrogenase 2. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 3. a - Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
The p50 value does not change in either anemia or polycythemia; the main change is the carrying capacity of the blood.

33. What enzyme is inhibited by sulfonamides?
GH and prolactin are produced by acidophils; all others are by basophils.
Dihydropteroate synthetase
Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma
Stage 1

34. How many NADPHs are used per addition of acetyl CoA into a fatty acid chain?
2 NADPHs per acetyl CoA
RSV
Arginine
Intussusception

35. Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: Thymus
Uric acid
Granulose cells secrete progesterone. After fertilization the granulose cells form from follicular cells.
Superior and anterior
RNA polymerase I

36. In the classical conditioning model - when a behavior is learned - what must occur to break the probability that a response will happen?
Skin - liver - and kidneys
Ungated potassium channel
Stimulus generalization must stop. (Pairing of the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus must cease.)
Areas 18 and 19

37. What is the MCC of inherited mental retardation?
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Atrial filling (venous filling) Atrial - Contraction - Venous
Ephedrine
Down syndrome

38. What enzyme of the TCA cycle catalyzes the production of the following: x FADH2
Intrinsic. The extrinsic pathway is activated by the release of tissue factors.
Ventral lateral nucleus
Chromaffin cells (adrenal medulla)
Succinate dehydrogenase

39. At what vertebral levels does the aortic arch begin and end?
Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium - which has cilia that beat toward the oropharynx.
It both begins and ends at T4 (sternal angle [of Louis]).
In the dorsal horn of the spinal cord on the primary afferent neurons
A left CN X lesion results in the uvula deviating to the right. (Uvula points away from the affected side.)

40. Regarding the venous system - what happens to blood volume if there is a small change in pressure?
Because the venous system is more compliant than the arterial vessels - small changes in pressure result in large changes in blood volume.
Haemophilus influenzae type B
Turcot syndrome
CN VII

41. What is the most abused drug across all age groups?
Alcohol. Nearly 10% of adults have a problem with alcohol.
Membrane depolarization is the stimulus to open these channels - which are closed in resting conditions.
Somatomedins
Alzheimer's (dementia of Alzheimer's type - DAT). (Remember - Alzheimer's constitutes 65% of dementias seen in patients 65 years old.)

42. What is the region of the fallopian tube where fertilization most commonly occurs?
Multiple sclerosis
Ampulla
Estradiol
Type III

43. Name the most common type or cause - Hematologic cause of papillary necrosis
Venous pressure above the heart is subatmospheric - so a puncture there has the potential to introduce air into the system.
Sickle cell disease
Transcription factor IID
IgA deficiency; patients commonly present with recurrent sinopulmonary infections and GI disturbances.

44. What ganglion supplies the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary muscles of the eye?
1. ADP 2. PG 3. TXA2
Median nerve
Because it is the largest vessel and has the highest velocity in systemic circulation
Ciliary ganglion

45. What event signifies the first day of the menstrual cycle?
T4 vertebral level posteriorly and anteriorly at the sternal angle (angle of Louis).
Onset of bleeding
Pseudomonas
Group A Beta- hemolytic streptococci

46. Name these cluster A personality disorders: x Baseline mistrust; carries grudges; afraid to open up; uses projection as defense mechanism; lacks hallucinations or delusions
Fibrillary protein - amyloid protein - and glycosaminoglycans (heparin sulfate mainly)
Prevalence increases. (Incidence does not change.)
Paranoid
No. Prions are infectious proteins - so antibiotics are useless.

47. Name the muscle type based on these descriptions: x Continuous involuntary contraction - uninuclear striated branched fibers - actin and myosin overlapping for banding pattern - dyadic T tubules - intercalated discs - troponin and desmin as a Z disc
Frontal lobe
Metastatic carcinomas
N-5- methyl THF
Cardiac muscle

48. What form of penicillin is used in the treatment of life - threatening illnesses?
Tip of the left ventricle
Secondary hypothyroidism/pituitary (Low TSH results in low T4 and increased TRH because of lack of a negative feedback loop.)
Penicillin G (benzylpenicillin)
Chloramphenicol

49. What thalamic relay nucleus do the mammillary bodies project to?
Neisseria meningitidis
The anterior nucleus of the thalamus
Metronidazole
Androgens are 19- carbon steroids.

50. Name the most common type or cause - Hypoxia
Ischemia
Propranolol
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Increased androgen secretion at puberty drives the increased GH secretion.