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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the most common one? - Benign tumor of the ovary
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C3 - C4 - and C5 keep the diaphragm alive!
They are inversely related. If ventilation increases - there will be a decrease in PCO2 levels and vice versa.
Serocystadenoma

2. What hormone causes milk letdown?
14 L - 33% of body weight
Hemiballismus
UMP
Oxytocin

3. What is the MCC of the following meningitides? - In neonates to 3 months of age
Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia coli
alpha2- Receptors
Hydrolysis
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscles

4. What is the most common condition leading to an intracerebral bleed?
Hypervariable region (three per light chain; three per heavy chain)
HTN
Axis IV
Raloxifene

5. What elongation factor is inactivated by ADP ribosylation - preventing translation?
Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
eEF-2 is the site where Pseudomonas and Diphtheria toxins work.
At least 15%
Hydatidiform mole

6. What muscles in the hand adduct the fingers?
Atropine with pralidoxime
The Palmar interosseus ADducts - whereas the Dorsal interosseus ABducts (PAD and DAB)
LVEDV and LVEDP (left ventricular end - diastolic volume and end - diastolic pressure - respectively)
Zonula occludens (tight junctions)

7. What potentially lethal side effect of clozapine should be monitored with frequent blood drawing?
Macrophages
Squamous cell carcinoma
Agranulocytosis; approximately 2% develop this side effect.
Mitral valve stenosis

8. What are the five penicillinase - resistant penicillins?
1. Cloxacillin 2. Oxacillin 3. Nafcillin 4. Dicloxacillin 5. Methicillin (CONDM)
Hirschsprung disease
Breathing high - pressure nitrogen over a long time and sudden decompression result in the bends.
CN V1 carries the sensory and CN VII carries the motor component of the blink reflex.

9. Name the most common one - Heart defect in Down syndrome
Shortens
The resting membrane potential of the cell is -90 mV because of the intracellular proteins.
Endocardial cushion defect
Tetralogy of Fallot

10. What is the major difference between the veins in the face and the veins in the rest of the body?
Dihydrofolate reductase
There are no valves and no smooth muscle in the walls of the veins in the face.
1. Sartorius 2. Gracilis 3. Semitendinous
Nearly 25% of patients taking lithium develop polyuria and polydipsia.

11. What ssDNA virus must make dsDNA before it makes mRNA?
Parvovirus (it is the only ssDNA virus)
Avidity. There is a positive correlation between valence numbers and avidity.
Loss of hypotonic fluid (alcohol - diabetes insipidus - dehydration)
Ferritin

12. Regarding the Lac operon - for What do the following genes code? - I gene
Lac repressor protein
Transport maximum (Tm) occurs when all function carriers are saturated and therefore is an index of the number of functioning carriers.
One pair with three to five coccygeal vertebrae. Totaling 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
GERD

13. What component of the ETC is inhibited by the following? - Oligomycin
Fo/F1 complex
Ipsilateral loss at and below the level of the lesion
Molluscum contagiosum
The liver (in the mitochondria)

14. What type II hypersensitivity disorder is defined as x Autoantibodies directed against RBC Ag I?
Niclosamide
Hydroxyapatite
CN VII and VIII
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

15. Name the type of regeneration (i.e. - labile - stable - or permanent) based on the following examples - Pancreas
In men it is prostate cancer - and in women it is breast cancer.
Myasthenia gravis
Because the chronic inhibition of dopamine (PIF) on the release of prolactin from the anterior pituitary gland is removed - thereby increasing the secretion of prolactin.
Stable

16. What is the drug of choice for early Parkinson's disease?
Hepatitis - with or without necrosis
CN III and IV
Selegiline
ACL

17. What syndrome is associated with gastrin - producing islet cell tumor resulting in multiple intractable peptic ulcers?
Neisseria gonorrhea (history of STD in patient with monoarticular infectious arthritis: think gonococcus)
Zollinger - Ellison syndrome
6 ATPs (remember 2 pyruvates per glucose are produced - and 2 NADHs result from production of acetyl CoA - so 6 ATPs)
IgG3

18. What agent used in the treatment of BPH and baldness is a 5- a - reductase inhibitor?
VLDL
The basilar artery is formed at the pontomedullary junction.
Finasteride
Right - sided

19. What is the enzyme for the oxidative reaction in glycolysis?
The superior border of the inferior intercostal rib is your landmark for a pleural tap because along the inferior border of each rib is the neurovascular bundle - and you would risk injury if you went below the rib.
Follicular adenoma
It decreases insulin secretion.
Glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase

20. Name the most common type or cause - Viral pneumonia leading to death
TCR
Short - chain fatty acids
Rabies
RSV

21. Name the aphasia based on these characteristics: x Both Broca's and Wernicke's areas damaged by lesion in the presylvian speech area; trouble repeating statements; poor comprehension with telegraphic speech
Global aphasia
Campylobacter jejuni
Duodenal ulcer
Alkaline phosphatase

22. What attaches the cusps of the valves to the papillary muscles in the heart?
Agents that decrease ACh function reduce tremors and rigidity - not bradykinesias.
Inferior phrenic artery
Chordae tendineae
Ribonucleotide reductase

23. What judgment states that the decision - by rights of autonomy and privacy - belongs to the patient - but if the patient is incompetent to decide - the medical decision is based on subjective wishes?
Pulmonary alveolar macrophages
The optic disk is the blind spot.
Substituted judgment. It is made by the person who best knows the patient - not the closest relative.
Parasites

24. In what pathway of the basal ganglia do lesions result in hyperactive cortex with hyperkinetic - chorea - athetosis - tics - and dystonia?
Indirect pathway (Tourette syndrome for example)
PICA
Secondary erectile disorder (Male erectile disorder is the same as impotence.)
Fever - night sweats - and hemoptysis

25. What are the cells of the parathyroid gland that produce PTH?
Ciliary ganglion
Zonula occludens (tight junctions)
Breast and lung cancer - respectively.
Chief cells

26. What is the most common one? - Viral cause of myocarditis
Serratia
1. Fructokinase 2. Glucokinase 3. Glycerol kinase 4. PEPCK 5. Pyruvate carboxylase 6. Galactokinase 7. Fructose -1 - 6- bisphosphatase 8. Glucose -6- phosphatase
61 codons code for AAs and 3 codons (UAA - UGA - UAG) code for the termination of translation.
Coxsackie B

27. What three organs are necessary for the production of vitamin D3(cholecalciferol)?
ICF volume decreases when there is an increase in osmolarity and vice versa.
>15 mm
Skin - liver - and kidneys
Shortens

28. What segment of the nephron has the highest concentration of inulin? Lowest concentration of inulin?

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29. What are the two leading causes of cancer - related death in women?
Left colic - superior rectal - and sigmoidal arteries
Absolutely not. Diabetics who are given a Beta- blocker for an acute chest syndrome have significantly better outcomes than those who do not.
Breast and lung cancer - respectively.
TCA cycle.

30. What skin carcinoma is a superficial dermal infiltrate of T lymphocytes seen in males more than 40 years old and presents as scaly red patches or plaques?
Duct cells secrete HCO3- - electrolytes - and water. The acini secrete the enzymes necessary for carbohydrate - nucleic acid - protein cleavage - and emulsification of fats.
Stibogluconate
Rationalization
Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T- cell lymphoma)

31. Waxy casts
Chronic end - stage renal disease
Amnesia. (The person is aware of the memory loss.)
LH
Escherichia coli

32. In the alveoli - what cell type is x for gas exchange?
Type I pneumocytes
Resistance increases as resistors are added to the circuit.
Congenital heart disease
Filovirus

33. Name these cluster A personality disorders: x Socially withdrawn - seen as eccentric but happy to be alone
Increase the concentration of enzymes
Thyroid hormones are necessary for conversion of carotene to vitamin A.
Schizoid
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) deficiency (These are the signs of scurvy.)

34. What are the three posttranscriptional modifications?

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35. What is the term for neurologic signs consistent with a cerebrovascular accident but lasting 24 hours with full recovery?
L2 to L4 (L2 to L4 - thigh; L4 to S3 - leg)
GERD
Altruism
Transient ischemic attack

36. All streptococci are...
The tensor veli palatine is innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve; all others are innervated by CN X.
Rickets prior to fusion - osteomalacia if the deficiency occurs after epiphyseal fusion.
catalase - negative
Id

37. What is a sign of a Sertoli cell tumor in a man?
Excess estradiol in the blood
The superior border of the inferior intercostal rib is your landmark for a pleural tap because along the inferior border of each rib is the neurovascular bundle - and you would risk injury if you went below the rib.
Meningococcus (Gonococcus does not)
Neomycin

38. Is a nicotinic receptor agonist.
Esophagus - SVC - vagus nerve - azygos vein - thoracic duct - thymus - and phrenic nerve
Succinylcholine
C2 deficiency
N- formyl - methionine LTB4 C5a IL-8

39. Name the most common type or cause - Cirrhosis in the United States
CN VII - IX - and X; taste and general sensation for the tongue is sent to the solitary nucleus.
Alcohol consumption
No - it is never acceptable to lie.
Coagulative

40. Does light or darkness regulate the pineal gland?
after abortion
Histoplasma capsulatum infects the cells of the RES and can result in hepatosplenomegaly.
Stibogluconate
Light regulates the activity of the pineal gland via the retinal - suprachiasmatic - pineal pathway.

41. What structure of the knee is described thus? - Prevents anterior displacement and has lateral - to - medial attachment on the tibia
ACL
Beta2- integrins
Secondary hypothyroidism/pituitary (Low TSH results in low T4 and increased TRH because of lack of a negative feedback loop.)
Ataxia - telangiectasia

42. What virus is associated with body cavity large B- cell lymphomas?
Renal cell carcinoma
Sciatic nerve
HHV-8
Sadism

43. What subtype of IgG does not activate complement cascade?
Arch of the aorta
Hemophilia A
IgG4
150 mcg/day is the minimal daily intake needed. Most people ingest 500 mcg/day.

44. What is the term for the ability of a test to measure something consistently?

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45. What type of potential is characterized as graded - decremental - and exhibiting summation?
Subthreshold potential
Neurofibromatosis I (chromosome 22q is with neurofibromatosis II and no Lisch nodules)
Impotence
School phobia

46. Name the Plasmodium species based on the following information: No persistent liver stage or relapse; blood smear shows multiple ring forms and crescent - shaped gametes; irregular febrile pattern; associated with cerebral malaria
a -1 - 6 transferase
Guillain - Barr
Plasmodium falciparum
Medial compartment of the thigh - obturator nerve

47. Pseudorosettes
Ewing sarcoma
Seminoma
GH. The largest output of GH in a 24- hour period is during stage 4 sleep.
The Halsted - Reitan battery. It consists of finger oscillation - speech sound perception - rhythm - tactual - and category testing.

48. Neurofibrillary tangles
Cerebellum
AT II
Crude mortality rate
Alzheimer disease

49. What condition results in the following CSF results? - Opening pressure 400 mm H2O; WBCs 8500 (90% PMNs); glucose 15; protein 120
Bacterial meningitis
Opsonization
The carotid sinus is a pressure - sensitive (low) receptor - while the carotid body is an oxygen - sensitive (low) receptor. (Remember 'Sinus Pressure').
Down syndrome (it is slightly more common than fragile X syndrome.)

50. What two AAs have a pKa of 4?
Silicosis - Coal worker's pneumoconiosis is synonymous with black lung disease - an upper lobe occupational disorder
The central vein of the liver lobule
Hypoxanthine (remember - IMP is a precursor for AMP and GMP)
Aspartic acid and glutamic acid