Test your basic knowledge |

USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What two pituitary hormones are produced by acidophils?
GH and prolactin are produced by acidophils; all others are by basophils.
Granulosa cells
Osteoclasts
Mumps

2. Is the carotid sinus sensitive to pressure or oxygen?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

3. Name the cancer associated with the following chemical agents. (Some may have more than one answer.) x Asbestos
Tourette's syndrome; it is usually first reported by teachers as ADHD with symptoms of obsessive - compulsive disorder and learning disabilities.
Mesothelioma and bronchogenic carcinoma
Splitting of the first heart sound occurs during inspiration because of the increased output of the right ventricle - delaying the closure of the pulmonic valve.
Hepatitis A

4. What is the only laryngeal muscle innervated by the external laryngeal nerve?
K1 capsule
Cricothyroid muscle; all other laryngeal muscles are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Fibrocystic change of the breast
Streptomycin

5. Name the T- cell CD marker: x Interacts with MHC class II molecules
1. Glucagon 2. NADH 3. Acetyl CoA 4. ATP
CD4
Areas 1 - 2 - and 3
Ulcerative colitis

6. What condition results in the following CSF results? - Opening pressure 450 mm H2O; 5 WBCs (90% lymphocytes); normal glucose and protein levels
Brain abscess
CN VII - IX - and X; taste and general sensation for the tongue is sent to the solitary nucleus.
Wernicke's aphasia
Rubor (red) - dolor (pain) - calor (heat) - tumor (swelling); also sometimes there is loss of function

7. What artery supplies the left ventricle - left atrium - and interventricular septum?
Left coronary artery
P = .05; P < .05 rejects the null hypothesis
Rhombencephalon
The optic disk is the blind spot.

8. What occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax during swallowing due to abnormalities of the enteric nervous plexus?
Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary
Conjugated (direct) hyperbilirubinemia - a transport defect
Mesocortical area
Achalasia

9. What is the most common disease or infection reported to the CDC?
Yes - it decreases fat and muscle uptake of glucose - thereby increasing blood glucose levels.
Chlamydia; gonorrhea is second (Remember - it is mandatory to report STDs to the CDC.)
gamma and delta chains
Azathioprine

10. What intermediate of cholesterol synthesis anchors proteins in the membranes and forms CoA?
Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP)
Succinate dehydrogenase
Variable interval
1. Dilation of the afferent arteriole 2. Constriction of the efferent arteriole 3. Inhibition of reabsorption of sodium and water in the collecting ducts

11. What complex of the ETC contains Cu2+?
Complex 4
Allelic exclusion. It is to ensure that one B cell produces only one Ab.
2 ATPs - because RBCs use only anaerobic metabolism.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (Remember - Becker's is slower in progress - less severe - later in onset - and lacks cardiac involvement.)

12. What thyroid abnormality has the following? - TRH decreased - TSH decreased - T4 increased
Missense
Transudative; exudative has the opposite values and has an elevated cellular content.
Brain abscess
Graves disease (Increased T4 decreases TRH and TSH through negative feedback.)

13. What nucleus of the hypothalamus is the satiety center - regulating food intake?
Vimentin
Spleen
Postinfectious GN
Ventromedial nucleus; lesions here result in obesity.

14. What enzyme is needed to activate the following reactions? - Chymotrypsinogen to chymotrypsin
REM latency; normally it is about 90 minutes.
Trypsin
TLC - FRC - and RV have to be calculated. (Remember - any volume that has RV as a component has be calculated.)
Minimal change disease

15. What happens to cortisol levels in sleep - deprived individuals?
Cortisol levels increase. Lymphocyte levels decrease in sleep - deprived individuals.
Pregnancy
von Gierke's disease
IgM

16. Name the B- cell CD marker: x Used clinically to count B cells in blood
ater flows from a low - solute to high - solute concentrations.
The chief cells of the parathyroid gland release PTH in response to hypocalcemia.
CD19
Chromosome 22q

17. What genus is known as the smallest free living bacteria? (hint: has no cell wall and has sterols in the membrane)
Copper
Spironolactone (binds to aldosterone receptors)
Propionibacterium acnes
Mycoplasma

18. What Ig is associated with Ag recognition receptor on the surface of mature B cells?
Gout
Rabies
IgD; IgM is also correct.
2 - 4- Dinitrophenol

19. What antiviral agent for ganciclovir - resistant infections has limited utility because of its nephrotoxic side effect?
MHC class II Ags. This is accomplished via CD4 T cells.
prognostic predictors
Site 3
Foscarnet

20. Which integrin mediates adhesion by binding to lymphocyte function - associated Ag 1 (LFA-1) and MAC-1 leukocyte receptors?
Pyloric stenosis
Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) 1
Neuroblastoma
Bruton X- linked hypogammaglobinemia. Tyrosine kinase deficiency leads to inadequate B cell maturation.

21. Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: x Foramen rotundum
Meningococcus (Gonococcus does not)
CN V2
CD40
Liver - kidneys - and pituitary gland via 5' deiodinase enzyme

22. What three cephalosporins can produce disulfiram - like reactions?
1. Fructose -6- phosphate 2. Glucose -6- phosphate 3. Glyceraldehyde -3- phosphate
Parasympathetic
Fibrocystic change of the breast. This highlights the distinguishing features from breast cancer - Which is commonly unilateral - single nodule - no variation with pregnancy.
1. Cefamandole 2. Cefoperazone 3. Moxalactam

23. What pathway uses HMG CoA synthetase in the cytoplasm?
Follicular phase is estrogen - dependent with increased FSH levels - while the luteal phase is progesterone - dependent.
The respiratory system
>5 mm
Cholesterol biosynthesis

24. Which direct - acting vasodilator is used clinically to treat hypertensive emergencies - insulinomas - and as a uterine smooth muscle relaxant?
Fentanyl
Water soluble
Turner syndrome
Diazoxide

25. What are the five AAs that are both ketogenic and glucogenic?
Cerebral aqueduct
Short - chain fatty acids
Isoleucine - threonine - tryptophan - tyrosine - and phenylalanine
Dihydrofolate reductase

26. What CNs arise from x The medulla?
Yes. It is also a cause of cancers of the lung - esophagus - ureter - and kidney - just to Name a few.
CN IX - X - and XII CN XI arises from the cervical spinal cord.
Diethylcarbamazine
A decrease in cutaneous blood flow results from constriction of the arterioles - and decreased cutaneous blood volume results from constriction of the venous plexus.

27. Name the laryngeal muscle described by the following: x Only muscle to abduct the vocal cords
Series circuit
Alveolar macrophages (dust cells)
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscles
Duct cells secrete HCO3- - electrolytes - and water. The acini secrete the enzymes necessary for carbohydrate - nucleic acid - protein cleavage - and emulsification of fats.

28. How many high - energy bonds are used to activate an AA?
Nodular melanoma
2 ATPs - via the amino acyl tRNA synthase enzyme
Cell - mediated immunity
LVEDV and LVEDP (left ventricular end - diastolic volume and end - diastolic pressure - respectively)

29. In Parkinson's disease - What area of the basal ganglia has a decreased amount of dopamine?
1. Iliocostalis 2. Longissimus 3. Spinalis ('I Love Science' muscles)
Substantia nigra
Four high energy bonds - two from ATP in AA activation and two from GTP
The conversion of tyrosine to dopamine in the cytoplasm

30. Inhibition of peripheral aromatic amino acid decarboxylase and increased CNS availability of L- dopa are results of what drug used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal - middle colic - right colic - ileocolic - and 10 to 15 intestinal arteries
Ventral anterior nucleus
Carbidopa and benserazide
Polysome. Ribosomes read from the 5' to the 3' end of the mRNA.

31. Prolactin levels can serve as a rough indicator of...
Friedreich ataxia
G2 phase (gap 2)
G-6- PD deficiency; pyruvate kinase deficiency is second.
overall dopamine activity

32. Is bone deposition or resorption due to increased interstitial Ca2+concentrations?
Bone deposition increases with increased Ca2+ or PO 4- concentrations - whereas resorption (breakdown) is increased when there are low levels of Ca2+ or PO4-.
Cortisol Remember - from the outer cortex to the inner layer - Salt - Sugar - Sex. The adrenal cortex gets sweeter as you go deeper.
Ribozymes
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (Rotavirus is the MCC overall.)

33. What is the term for increased iron deposition resulting in micronodular cirrhosis - CHF - diabetes - and bronzing of the skin?
Tylosis
Kinesins. Dynein generates retrograde transportation of information.
Hemochromatosis
H 2

34. What adrenergic receptors use inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) for their second messenger system?
Urogenital sinus
a1- Receptors
Baseline apical intrapleural pressure is -10 cm H2O (more negative than the mean) resulting in a force to expand the alveoli.
Senile plaques - neurofibrillary tangles - and granulovascular changes in neurons

35. What leukemia is characterized by Philadelphia chromosomal translocation (9;22); massive splenomegaly; peripheral leukocytosis (commonly > 100 - 00); decreased LAP levels; and nonspecific symptoms of fatigue - malaise - weight loss - and anorexia?
The bifurcation of the abdominal aorta
Proencephalon
CML
Chromosome 17

36. What glycogen storage disease is due to the following enzyme deficiencies? - Lysosomal glucosidase (acid maltase)

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183

37. Influenza - Vibrio cholera - hepatitis A - rabies - and adenovirus.
Are inactivated vaccines available in the United States
Acarbose
With arteriolar constriction both the flow and pressure downstream decrease.
Escherichia coli

38. What is the term for a delay in the onset of normal IgG synthesis seen in the fifth to sixth month of life?
Transient hypogammaglobinemia of infancy; it usually resolves by age 16 to 30 months.
Estrogens are 18- carbon steroids. (Removal of one carbon from an androgen produces an estrogen.)
Decrease in surface area and increase in membrane thickness (Palv O2 > PaO2)
Ventral posterolateral nucleus

39. In what pathway of the basal ganglia do lesions result in hyperactive cortex with hyperkinetic - chorea - athetosis - tics - and dystonia?
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Obesity - DM - HTN - multiparity - early menarche - and late menopause
Indirect pathway (Tourette syndrome for example)
Aminoglycosides

40. What factors are needed for elongation in eukaryotes?
Proline and lysine
EF-1 and GTP
Malingering
Rabies

41. What drug is used to prevent alcohol consumption by blocking aldehyde dehydrogenase?
Disulfiram
Stable angina
Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
C3 deficiency

42. From What aortic arch are the following structures derived?
HBcAb and HBeAb. You see the antibodies c and e.
Common and internal carotid arteries
100%; the percentage of blood flow through the pulmonary and systemic circulations are equal.
Fc portion of IgG - C3b - and mannose - binding proteins

43. What embryonic structure forms the following adult structures? - Urinary bladder and urethra
Urogenital sinus
Primitive atrium
Increased erection and libido
3 months of symptoms in 2 consecutive years

44. What competitive estrogen receptor antagonist is used in the treatment of breast cancer?
Graves disease
Saccule and utricle
Right ventricle
Tamoxifen

45. What two cell lines of the immune system do not belong to the innate branch?
Carnitine acyltransferase I
T and B- cells belong to the adaptive branch - whereas PMNs - NK cells - eosinophils - macrophages - and monocytes belong to the innate branch.
Yes - it decreases fat and muscle uptake of glucose - thereby increasing blood glucose levels.
Thick skin

46. Do genomic or cDNA libraries contain introns - exons - promoters - enhancers - and are they fragmented?
Genomic libraries are made from nuclear DNA - are fragmented - and contain all sequences found in the particular genome copied.
BPH
Alveoli; they are part of the respiratory portion.
Biotin - ATP - and CO2

47. What happens to prevalence as incidence increases?
Type IV hypersensitivity (cell - mediated)
Simon focus
Magnesium
Prevalence increases.

48. What is the term for the day after the LH surge in the female cycle?
Ovulation
Mantle cell lymphoma
The aorta has the greatest velocity and the capillaries have the slowest velocity.
Methicillin

49. What estrogen receptor agonist in bone is used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis?
Raloxifene
K1 capsule
Parasympathetics (parasympathetics point - sympathetics shoot)
Ribavirin

50. How is sleep affected in a person with alcohol intoxication?
G-6- PD deficiency; pyruvate kinase deficiency is second.
Neuroblastoma
Axon hillock
Decreased REM sleep and REM rebound during withdrawal