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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE Step 1 Prep
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Subjects
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health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. In a topographical arrangement of the cerebellar homunculus map - What area or lobe x Is involved in motor planning?
Menstruation
Sensory
Lateral part of the hemispheres
Area 17
2. What antipsychotic movement disorder can occur at any time and is characterized by a subjective sense of discomfort that brings on restlessness - pacing - sitting down - and getting up?
Complex I
Akathisia
RSV
Vmax
3. What structure of the knee is described thus? - C- shaped shock absorber; aids in attachment of the tibia to the femur via the medial collateral ligament
Medial meniscus
1. Bunyavirus 2. Orthomyxovirus 3. Arenavirus 4. Reovirus Remember BOAR
Sublimation
Duodenal atresia
4. Based on operant conditioning - What type of reinforcement is described when x Removing a stimulus stops a behavior?
Extinction
The Halsted - Reitan battery. It consists of finger oscillation - speech sound perception - rhythm - tactual - and category testing.
G-6- PD deficiency
Coxiella burnetii
5. What is the only neuroglial cell of mesodermal origin?
enveloped
Proencephalon
Microglia. All others are neuroectodermal derivatives.
Foramen of Monro
6. What immunologic syndrome is due to a pharyngeal pouch 3 and 4 failure?
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7. What three AAs must patients with maple syrup urine disease not eat?
Isoleucine - leucine - and valine
Achondroplasia
Osteocyte
Kupffer cells
8. Where is the lesion that produces these symptoms when a patient is asked to look to the left? - Left eye can't look to the left
Staphylococcus
Multiple myeloma
Left abducens nerve
ll
9. In which form of emphysema - panacinar or centriacinar - is the effect worse in the apical segments of the upper lobes?
Centriacinar worse in upper lobes; panacinar worse in base of lower lobes
Valence
Sensory
Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
10. A marfanoid patient presents with tearing retrosternal chest pain radiating to her back. What is your first diagnosis?
Myasthenia gravis
Trimethoprim
Hydroxyproline
Dissecting aortic aneurysm. MI is also high on the list - but these are buzzwords to look for dissection.
11. What is the function of the arachnoid granulations?
Reovirus
Resorb CSF into the blood
HBsAg and HBeAg
Pneumococcus
12. Methylating uracil produces what pyrimidine base?
Melatonin - serotonin - and CCK
Processed antigenic peptides bound in the groove of the MHC molecule
Thymine
Vibrio vulnificus
13. What is the leading cause of preventable premature death and illness in the United States?
Testicular lymphoma
Somatomedins
Appendix (second is terminal ileum)
Smoking
14. Name the MCC of death - In diabetic individuals
MI
12 to 16 weeks (in response to mother's face)
The chief cells of the parathyroid gland release PTH in response to hypocalcemia.
Heart disease
15. When does the primitive gut herniate out of the embryo? When does it go back into the embryo?
Glucagon and epinephrine
6 weeks 10 weeks
Filtration; if hydrostatic pressure is less than oncotic pressure - reabsorption is promoted.
Constriction of efferent arteriole
16. How long is the transit time through the large intestine?
3 to 4 days
Bacteria
Graves disease
Type III hypersensitivity (immune complex)
17. What enzyme is blocked by hydroxyurea?
Ribonucleotide reductase
Uroporphyrinogen - I synthase
Tensor tympani
Edward syndrome (trisomy 18)
18. Do the following structures pick up stain from hematoxylin or eosin? - Cytoplasm
Introjection (a sports fan is a good example)
Eosin
Epinephrine
Selenium (Se)
19. Name the compartment of the lower extremity and the nerve based on its movements - Dorsiflex the foot - extend the toes - and invert the foot
Hepatitis A
Gap junctions
Stable
Anterior compartment of the leg - deep peroneal nerve
20. What small gram - positive - non - spore - forming rod is a facultative intracellular parasite that grows in the cold and is associated with unpasteurized milk products?
Adult polycystic kidney disease
HBcAb IgG and HBsAb IgG
Iatrogenesis
Listeria monocytogenes
21. What form of AA is found only in collagen?
Shaping (successive approximation)
Medulla blastoma
snRNA
Hydroxyproline
22. With What two pathologies is a honeycomb lung associated?
Asbestosis and silicosis
Poliomyelitis; it is a bilateral LMN lesion.
Extracellular
Pernicious anemia (secondary to a lack of vitamin B12 absorption)
23. What enzyme is deficient in alkaptonuria?
Chromomycosis
Homogentisic oxidase
Pulmonary shunt (i.e. - pulmonary embolism)
ASD
24. What enzyme is inhibited by sulfonamides?
Hypoventilation results in an increase in PCO2 levels and therefore an increase in blood flow.
LTB4
Dihydropteroate synthetase
Lateral rectus (CN VI) (LR6 SO4)3
25. What staphylococcal species is positive for Beta - hemolysis and coagulase?
Staphylococcus aureus
Middle
Eosinophil
Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP)
26. What is your diagnosis of a young - thin asymptomatic female with a midsystolic click on cardiac auscultation?
Papillary carcinoma
Acetyl CoA and propionyl CoA (in odd chain fatty acids)
Follicular phase
Mitral valve prolapse
27. What cells lining the ventricles have cilia on their luminal surface to move CSF?
Anaerobes
Ependymal cells
10% are bilateral - 10% malignant - and 10% familial - 10% in children - and 10% outside the adrenal gland
Substituted judgment. It is made by the person who best knows the patient - not the closest relative.
28. Name the primary vesicle the following structures are derived from (proencephalon - mesencephalon - or rhombencephalon) - Cerebral aqueduct
Proencephalon
Rotavirus
Mesencephalon
SER
29. What term is defined as a patient unconsciously placing his or her thoughts and feelings on the physician in a caregiver or parent role?
N- formyl - methionine LTB4 C5a IL-8
Glutamine and aspartate
Transference. When it is from the physician to the patient it is called countertransference.
Basal ganglia
30. Which phase of clinical drug testing includes postmarket reporting of adverse reactions?
1. Iliocostalis 2. Longissimus 3. Spinalis ('I Love Science' muscles)
Phase 4
Schatzki ring
Epinephrine
31. Name the primary vesicle the following structures are derived from (proencephalon - mesencephalon - or rhombencephalon) - Metencephalon
DNA ligase
1. Phosphorylation of mannose (lysosomes only) 2. Removal of mannose residues 3. Formation of glycosylate proteins 4. Phosphorylation of sulfate amino acids
Rhombencephalon
Loss of isotonic fluid (diarrhea - vomiting - hemorrhage)
32. What type of test asks a patient to draw a scene - attempting to find out the individual's unconscious perceptions in his or her life?
Projective drawing. The artistic form is irrelevant - but the size - placement - erasures - and distortions are relevant.
Lysosomal a -1 - 4- glucosidase
Superior
1. HPV 2. EBV 3. Hepatitis B 4. Kaposi sarcoma
33. What happens to NE levels in x Bipolar disorder?
Sarcoidosis
Sjogren's syndrome - active hepatitis - systemic lupus erythematosus (with HLA- DR2) and type 1 diabetes (with HLA- DR4)
Increase (5- HT and dopamine levels do the same)
The vaccine contains 23 capsular polysaccharides.
34. Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: Descending aorta
An elevated serum osteocalcin level
Rheumatoid arthritis
Posterior
Isovolumetric contraction
35. What component of the ETC is inhibited by the following? - Azide
Cytochrome a/a3
Hapten (not immunogenic)
Mesonephric duct
Catechol - O- methyl transferase (COMT)
36. What is the term for severe and protracted vomiting resulting in linear lacerations at the gastroesophageal junction?
The subclavian artery
Emphysema
Antigenic determinant (epitope). (Idiotypes bind to epitopes.)
Mallory- Weiss syndrome
37. What protein prevents ssDNA from reannealing during DNA replication?
Subthreshold potential
Single - strand DNA binding protein
Adrenarche
Goodpasture disease
38. What type of spore is asexual and formed of hyphae?
CN V2
Intrapleural pressure decreases (becomes more negative).
Conidia
TSH. 5- HT and prolactin increase during sleep - and dopamine levels decrease during sleep.
39. What is the period between falling asleep and REM sleep called?
FSH
Negative correlation
Hepatitis E
REM latency; normally it is about 90 minutes.
40. Name the bony articulations of the following sites. Be specific - Shoulder
Clavicle - acromion - and glenoid fossa of the scapula and the humerus
Parvovirus B-19
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
They are inversely proportional to each other; as pulse pressure increases - compliance decreases.
41. What ocular muscle x Elevates and adducts the eyeball?
Superior rectus (CN III) (LR6 SO4)3
X- linked dominant
Sensory
Median nerve lesion
42. Name the thalamic nucleus based on its input and output - Input from the optic tract; output projects to the primary visual cortex of the occipital lobe
Tropomyosin
Rhombencephalon
LGB (think EYES)
Lumbar splanchnics
43. What region of the pharynx does the eustachian tube enter?
Coagulative
Tinea favosa (favus)
Lactulose
Nasopharynx
44. What cytoplasmic organelle carries the enzymes for elongation and desaturation of fatty acyl CoA?
The bifurcation of the abdominal aorta
Somatic motor neurons
SER
The patient decides about the health care she does or does not get even if it harms the fetus. This also means she can refuse blood transfusions even if it harms the fetus.
45. What is the term for the load on a muscle in the relaxed state?
Preload. It is the load on a muscle Prior to contraction.
Uracil and orotic acid levels increase with ornithine transcarbamoylase deficiency and are normal in carbamoyl phosphate synthetase deficiency.
Cholesterolosis
Ixodes (also the vector for Lyme disease)
46. What is the function of white rami communicantes?
Physiologic dead space is the total dead space of the respiratory system.
Phallus
They are preganglionic sympathetic axons. They are white because they are myelinated.
Fitz - Hugh - Curtis syndrome
47. What organ functions to keep blood glucose levels normal through both well - fed and fasting states and produces ketones in response to increased fatty acid oxidation?
Hypnozoite
Anterior wall of the first part of the duodenum
Stable
Liver
48. What enzyme is needed to activate the following reactions? - Procarboxypeptidase to carboxypeptidase
Secondary erectile disorder (Male erectile disorder is the same as impotence.)
Alzheimer's (dementia of Alzheimer's type - DAT). (Remember - Alzheimer's constitutes 65% of dementias seen in patients 65 years old.)
Insulinoma
Trypsin
49. What hormone level peaks 1 day before the surge of LH and FSH in the female cycle?
Extracellular
Increased REM sleep - decreased REM latency - and decreased stage 4 sleep - leading to early morning awakening
Estradiol
Proencephalon
50. What are the four ways to increase TPR?
1. Decrease the radius of the vessel 2. Increase the length of the vessel 3. Increase the viscosity 4. Decrease the number of parallel channels
When the pH is more acidic than the pI - it has a net positive charge - and when the pH is more basic than the pI - it has a net negative charge.
VIPoma
Transitional epithelium. The distal portion of the penile urethra is composed of stratified epithelium.
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