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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What disease has multiple schwannomas - caf
Stage 1
Mode
1. HPV 2. EBV 3. Hepatitis B 4. Kaposi sarcoma
Neurofibromatosis I (chromosome 22q is with neurofibromatosis II and no Lisch nodules)

2. Name the hepatitis virus based on the following information - Naked capsid RNA picornavirus
Lateral part of the hemispheres
Hepatitis A
Medial umbilical ligaments
1. CNS 2. Renal tubules 3. Beta Islet cells of the pancreas 4. RBCs 5. GI mucosa

3. Name the cluster C personality disorder: x Gets others to assume responsibility - is subordinate - and is fearful of being alone and caring for self
Dependent
IgM; IgD follows shortly thereafter.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
Early distal tubule

4. What virus is associated with body cavity large B- cell lymphomas?
Primary follicle of the cortex
absorption
School phobia
HHV-8

5. Are used in combination with estrogens to decrease the risk of endometrial cancer.
Metaphase of meiosis II (in the oocyte of the graafian follicle)
Progestins
3'end of the codon (third position) on mRNA and 5' end of the anticodon (first position) on tRNA.
Pulse pressure

6. What part of the heart forms x Base?
Hypertrophic scar
The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured and the lunate is the most commonly dislocated.
Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis occurs from vomiting because of the loss of H+ - K+ - and Cl -.
Left atrium and tip of the right atrium

7. What somatoform disorder is described as x Preoccupied with illness or death - persisting despite reassurance - lasting longer than 6 months?

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8. What is the major stimulus for cell division in chondroblasts?
>15 mm
robenecid - a uricosuric agent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
IGF-1

9. What vascular injury may result from a supracondylar fracture of the femur?
Selenium (Se)
Lisch nodules
wave
The popliteal artery - the deepest structure in the popliteal fossa - risks injury in a supracondylar fracture of the femur.

10. Serum concentration of what substance is used as a clinical measure of a patient's GFR?
Creatinine
Barr bodies in females - T- cell receptor loci - and immunoglobulin light and heavy chain loci
Eclipse period
Gastric carcinoma

11. Why is there an increase in prolactin if the hypothalamic - pituitary axis was severed?
Because the chronic inhibition of dopamine (PIF) on the release of prolactin from the anterior pituitary gland is removed - thereby increasing the secretion of prolactin.
Budd - Chiari syndrome
Vitamin E
Turcot syndrome

12. Name these cluster A personality disorders: x Odd - strange; has magical thinking; socially isolated - paranoid - lacks close friends; has incongruous affect
Narcissistic
Ultralente
Amyloidosis
Schizotypal

13. Name the type of regeneration (i.e. - labile - stable - or permanent) based on the following examples - Mucosal epithelium
LDL
Pro - opiomelanocortin (POMC) is cleaved into ACTH and Beta- lipotropin.
Entamoeba histolytica (treat with metronidazole)
Labile

14. What fat - soluble vitamin is connected to selenium metabolism?
Burkitt lymphoma
Vitamin E
Blocking
Catatonic schizophrenia

15. What branches of CN X are the sensory and motor components of the cough reflex? Be specific.
CN V
The sensory component is through the superior laryngeal nerve - and the motor limb is via the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Glutamine
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

16. What cardiac reflex is characterized by stretch receptors in the right atrium - afferent and efferent limbs via the vagus nerve - and increased stretch leading to an increase in heart rate via inhibition of parasympathetic stimulation?
impermeable to water
Secretin stimulates the pancreas to secrete a HCO3-- rich solution to neutralize the acidity of the chyme entering the duodenum.
Bainbridge reflex
Alzheimer disease

17. What type of jaundice is seen in Dubin - Johnson syndrome?
Infrapatellar bursa
Conjugated (direct) hyperbilirubinemia - a transport defect
Cancer
Cricothyroid muscles

18. There are no central ___ receptors.
Hepatitis D
O2
Alzheimer disease
Herpes II

19. Name the cancer associated with the following tumor markers. (Some may have more than one answer.) x Calcitonin
Factor XII for the intrinsic; factor VII for the extrinsic pathway
A decrease in cutaneous blood flow results from constriction of the arterioles - and decreased cutaneous blood volume results from constriction of the venous plexus.
Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
Yes - it decreases fat and muscle uptake of glucose - thereby increasing blood glucose levels.

20. What is the respiratory compensation mechanism for metabolic alkalosis?
Plasmodium vivax
Hypoventilation - which increases CO2 - shifting the reaction to the right and increasing H+
Hypervariable region (three per light chain; three per heavy chain)
Staphylococcus aureus

21. Early menses - late menopause - history of breast cancer - obesity - and multiparity.
ACh
Minocycline
Mumps and influenza virus
Risk factors for breast cancer

22. What disorder is due to a deficiency in the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase?
Fossa ovale
PKU
Mesangial macrophages
ACL

23. What are the five K
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance No - they can be skipped - repeated - and completed out of sequence.
Hyperpolarization (i.e. - K+ influx)
Dendrites receive information - whereas axons send information.
VSD

24. What vitamin is necessary for epithelial health?
Vitamin C
Yes - as long the illness does not threaten limb or life. If illness is critical or an emergency - treat the child.
The raphe nuclei
Vitamin A is responsible for vision and epithelial health.

25. Where is the lesion that produces these symptoms when a patient is asked to look to the left? - Left eye can't look to the left
Left abducens nerve
Argyll Robertson pupils
1. Large sample size 2. Large effect size 3. Type I error is greater
Hepatocytes lack the enzyme succinyl CoA acetoacetyl CoA transferase (thiophorase).

26. Name the ocular lesion; be specific - A right lateral compression of the optic chiasm (as in aneurysms in the internal carotid artery)
Tidal volume (VT)
Enkephalin
Right nasal hemianopsia
Inferior rectus (CN III) (LR6 SO4)3

27. What happens to V/Q ratio if a thrombus is lodged in the pulmonary artery?
Rectum
Acetyl CoA - FADH2 - and NADH
The V/Q ratio increases - since the area is ventilated but hypoperfused as a result of the occlusion.
In the first 3 months

28. What type of mortality rate is defined as the number of deaths x In the population?
Crude mortality rate
Dysplasia
Antigenic determinant (epitope)
Myasthenia gravis

29. Name the cancer associated with the following chemical agents. (Some may have more than one answer.) x Arsenic
Ulcerative colitis
Squamous cell carcinoma (skin - lung) and angiosarcoma of the liver
Unconjugated free bilirubin
The coding strand is identical to mRNA - and the template strand is complementary and antiparallel.

30. What AD dementia has a defect in chromosome 4 - onset between the ages of 30 and 40 - choreoathetosis - and progressive deterioration to an infantile state?
Huntington's chorea. (Death in 15-20 years - often via suicide.)
Palms - up before palms - down maneuvers
Eosin
MGN

31. Which major cell type is found in the red pulp of the spleen?
RBCs. That is why it is called red pulp.
4.5 years old (Alphabetic order except with a diamond last: circle - cross - rectangle - square - triangle)
MGB
Preoptic area of the hypothalamus; if the lesion occurs after puberty - amenorrhea or impotence will be seen.

32. What cells of the epidermis carry the pigment melanin?
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
Superior and anterior
Keratinocytes - the most numerous cells in the epidermis - carry melanin and produce keratin.
Functionally they are part of the left lobe of the liver because they receive their blood supply from the left hepatic artery. Anatomically they are considered part of the right lobe of the liver.

33. Where on the codon and anticodon does the wobble hypothesis take place?

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34. What is the most common one? - Renal calculus type
Calcium oxylate
Rate of absorption
It increases Ca2+ excretion from the kidney and increases bone mineralization.
Ordinal scale (e.g. - faster/slower - taller/shorter)

35. Require NaCl in its growth medium.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Superior vena cava
igantism
Contralateral. The spinothalamic tract enters the spinal cord and immediately synapses in the dorsal horn - crosses over - and ascends contralateral in the spinal cord - brainstem - thalamus - and postcentral gyrus.

36. What spirochete is responsible for Lyme disease?
Toxic or viral hepatitis
Panacinar
Borrelia burgdorferi
Terminal collecting duct has the highest concentration and Bowman's capsule has the lowest concentration of inulin.

37. What three bases are pyrimidines?
At least 5 lobes
1. Cytosine 2. Uracil (only in RNA) 3. Thymidine
Chi - square (when you are in doubt and have nominal data - use chi - square)
The increased H+ moves intracellularly and is buffered by K+ leaving the cells - resulting in intracellular depletion and serum excess. (Intracellular hypokalemia is the reason you supplement potassium in diabetic ketoacidosis - even though the serum

38. ADH is secreted in response to What two stimuli?
Chlamydia; gonorrhea is second (Remember - it is mandatory to report STDs to the CDC.)
ADH is secreted in response to increased plasma osmolarity and decreased blood volume.
Common and internal carotid arteries
Mast cells

39. What Brodmann area is associated with x Primary somatosensory cortex?
Type II hypersensitivity (cytotoxic)
Areas 1 - 2 - and 3
AT II
1. Lowers surface tension - so it decreases recoil and increases compliance 2. Reduces capillary filtration 3. Promotes stability in small alveoli by lowering surface tension

40. What is the most common one? - Organ involved in amyloidosis
Kidney
Dystrophic calcification
First - pass metabolism and acid lability
Dysgerminoma

41. What form of antimicrobial therapy is best for an immunocompromised patient?
Oxytocin
Inferior phrenic artery
Malpighian layer (made up of the stratum basale and stratum spinosum)
Bactericidal

42. What is the MCC of the following meningitides? - In neonates to 3 months of age
Benign nevus (mole)
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia coli
Celecoxib

43. What disease has a genetically low level of UDPglucuronate transferase - resulting in elevated free unconjugated bilirubin?

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44. What is the most common one? - Kidney stone type
Calcium oxalate
Carbonic anhydrase
HBsAb IgG
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

45. What are the five pieces of information considered necessary for fully informed consent?

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46. What pattern of genetic transmission is characterized by no transmission from M - maternal inheritance - and the potential for the disease to affect both sons and daughters of affected F?
Blood
Alzheimer disease
Mitochondrial inheritance
premature ejaculation

47. Name the MCC of death - In diabetic individuals
MI
Resorb CSF into the blood
Rubor (red) - dolor (pain) - calor (heat) - tumor (swelling); also sometimes there is loss of function
Intellectualization

48. What Ig is responsible for Antibody- Dependent Cell - mediated Cytotoxicity of parasites - has a high - affinity Fc receptor on mast cells and basophils - and is responsible for the allergic response?
Frontal eye field (Brodmann area 8)
IgE
Curling ulcers (think curling iron = burn)
Molindone

49. What transports iron in the blood?
Transferrin
The junction where the anterior communicating and anterior cerebral arteries join. As the aneurysm expands - it compresses the fibers from the upper temporal fields of the optic chiasm - producing bitemporal inferior quadrantanopia
Accessory nucleus
Excision endonuclease - which removes thiamine dimers from DNA

50. Is an irreversible collapse of a lung.
Superior
Ascaris lumbricoides
Atelectasis
REM and stage 4 sleep; they decrease.