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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What class of drugs are the DOCs for peptic ulcer disease - Zollinger - Ellison syndrome - and gastroesophageal reflux disease?
Pick's disease
Proton pump inhibitors
Superior Oblique (CN IV) (LR6 SO4)3
Alteplase

2. With a decrease in arterial diastolic pressure - what happens to x Stroke volume?
Griseofulvin
Primary hypogonadism (postmenopausal women)
Decreases
Glucose and galactose

3. What hereditary bone disorder is due to decreased osteoclast function - resulting in thick - sclerotic bones that fracture easily?
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
Osteopetrosis (Albers - Sch
Glucose and galactose
Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite)

4. Does the zygote divide mitotically or meiotically?
Passive - aggressive
The Purkinje cell
The zygote divides mitotically; only germ cells divide meiotically.
Bronchogenic carcinoma

5. What are the three branches of the celiac trunk?
The left gastric - splenic - and common hepatic arteries
Lewy bodies
Celecoxib
Dorsal prefrontal cortex

6. At What age does a child develop x Exogenous smile?
Coronary circulation
8 weeks (response to a face)
No - you never refuse to treat a patient simply because he or she can't pay. You are a patient advocate.
They block the midcycle surge of LH.

7. What is the rate - limiting enzyme of the HMP shunt?
Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome)
ydroxyproline
G-6- PD
Carnitine acyltransferase I

8. What is the physiologically active form of Ca2+?
Look for broken blood vessels in the baby's eyes.
Immunogenicity; antigenicity refers to Ab/lymphocyte reaction to a specific substance.
Free ionized Ca2+
Diethylcarbamazine

9. What is characterized by an intense inflammatory reaction - an increase in the amounts of granulation tissue and wound contraction by myofibroblasts?
Healing by secondary intention
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4)
Resorb CSF into the blood
Galactoside permease

10. What Brodmann area is associated with x Wernicke's area?
Area 22 and occasionally 39 and 40
Prostatic carcinoma
Protamine sulfate
1. Pinpoint pupils 2. Decreased respiratory rate 3. Coma

11. Name the neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junctions for all of the voluntary muscles in the body.
ACh; think about the ANS.
C3a - C4a - and C5a
Polycythemia vera (Remember - polycythemia vera is a risk factor for acute leukemias.)
Medial medullary syndrome

12. What are the adult remnants of the following structures? - Foramen ovale
Intussusception
Yolk sac tumor
Fossa ovale
Hemolytic uremic syndrome

13. What type of GN - associated with celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis - has mesangial deposits of IgA - C3 - properdin - IgG - and IgM?
VLDL
Baseline apical intrapleural pressure is -10 cm H2O (more negative than the mean) resulting in a force to expand the alveoli.
C5- C9
Berger disease (IgA nephropathy)

14. What very aggressive lung cancer metastasizes early and is associated with smoking and paraneoplastic syndromes?
The hallmarks of LMN lesion injury are absent or decreased reflexes - muscle fasciculations - decreased muscle tone - and muscle atrophy What two areas of the skin do flaccid paralysis). Don't forget - LMN lesions are ipsilateral at the level of the
Syncytiotrophoblast. (The cytotrophoblast gets incorporated into the syncytiotrophoblast.)
CMV retinitis and HSV-2
Small cell carcinoma (oat cell)

15. What Brodmann area is associated with x Primary visual cortex?
Area 17
Nondominant temporal lobe
Western blot
Aldosterone

16. What is the most common one? - Cardiac tumor of infancy
Rhabdomyoma
Barbiturate overdose and benzodiazepine withdrawal carry the highest mortality rates.
Addition (They are mutually exclusive.)
Oxytocin

17. What is the name of inflammation of the prepatellar bursa?

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18. What is the function of the cerebellum?
Acute rejection
Arterial PCO2 levels are proportional to cerebral blood flow.
Labioscrotal swelling
Planning and fine - tuning of voluntary skeletal muscle contractions. (Think coordination.) Remember - the function of the basal ganglia is to initiate gross voluntary skeletal muscle control.

19. What is the term for a reversible change in one cell type to another?
Low interstitial free Ca2+ concentrations
Aschoff bodies of rheumatic fever
Metabolic rate and alveolar ventilation (main factor)
Metaplasia (usually to a more protective cell type)

20. Name at least three bacteria that use capsules to prevent immediate destruction from the host's defense system.
TXA2
Paget disease of the breast
Streptococcus pneumoniae - Klebsiella pneumoniae - Haemophilus influenzae - Pseudomonas aeruginosa - and Neisseria meningitidis; also Cryptococcus neoformans - a fungus
Niclosamide

21. What disorder is associated with jaundice - white stools - and dark urine due to biliary duct occlusion secondary to incomplete recanalization?
It causes a buildup of dATP - which inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and leads to a decrease in deoxynucleoside triphosphate - a precursor of DNA - resulting in overall bone marrow suppression.
Breast
Trisomy 12 (nearly 50% of patients with CLL have abnormal karyotypes.)
Extrahepatic biliary atresia

22. What water - soluble vitamin deficiency results in pellagra?
Oxygen
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Niacin (B3)
Skin - liver - and kidneys

23. Name the valve abnormality based on the following criteria: x Systolic murmur - increased preload and afterload - decreased aortic pulse pressure and coronary blood flow
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP- SMX)
Gardnerella vaginalis
Oncotic pressure increases because of the removal of water.
Aortic stenosis

24. What is the amount in liters and percent body weight for the following compartments? - Total body water
Aspiration pneumonia
Arnold - Chiari malformation type 2
42 L - 67% of body weight
Coccidioides immitis

25. What causes a skeletal muscle contraction to terminate?
When calcium is removed from troponin and pumped back into the SR - skeletal muscle contraction stops.
Reject it
CN IX
Ungated channels

26. What three bacteria are positive to quellung reactive test?
Lactulose
1. Neisseria meningitidis 2. Haemophilus influenzae 3. Streptococcus pneumoniae
The venae recta maintain the gradient via countercurrent flow.
Astrocytoma

27. What is the term for nonneoplastic abnormal proliferation of cell size - shape - and cellular organization?
Anticipation
Dysplasia
Left atrium and tip of the right atrium
Cross - sectional studies determine prevalence - not incidence or cause and effect.

28. What is defined as a general estimate of the functional capacities of a human?
Enterococcus (Streptococcus faecalis)
IQ
Both
Yes

29. Name the ventricular muscle membrane channel: x Closed at rest; depolarization causes channels to open quickly; will not respond to a second stimulus until cell is repolarized.
1. Dilation of the afferent arteriole 2. Constriction of the efferent arteriole 3. Inhibition of reabsorption of sodium and water in the collecting ducts
Voltage - gated sodium channel
Cytochrome a/a3
Lead

30. What infection is associated with ring - enhancing lesions seen on computed tomography (CT) of the brain in an HIV- positive individual?
Idiotypes
An internal elastic lamina
School phobia
Toxoplasmosis (although you should rule out cerebral abscess due to other organisms)

31. What modified smooth muscle cells of the kidney monitor BP in the afferent arteriole?
VSD
The JG cells
Pseudomonas
Hydrophobic (water - insoluble) end faces the aqueous environment and the hydrophilic (water - soluble) end faces the interior of the cell.

32. What is the drug of choice for treating a patient with hyperuricemia due to overproduction of uric acid?
P1 protein
Lateral collateral ligament
Ribonucleotide reductase
Allopurinol

33. What is the term for edema that has LDH below 200 - protein level 2.5 - and a specific gravity below 1.020?
A high - resistance system is formed when resistors are added in a series.
Lumbar splanchnics
Transudative; exudative has the opposite values and has an elevated cellular content.
The bifurcation of the abdominal aorta

34. What is the most common one? - Melanoma in dark - skinned persons
Acral - lentiginous melanoma
Ampulla of the fallopian tube
The rate of Beta- oxidation
Edinger - Westphal nucleus (via CN III)

35. Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction based on the following properties - IgG or IgM Abs against a specific target cell or tissue; complement - dependent or ADCC.
Chromosome 17
Type II hypersensitivity (cytotoxic)
Entamoeba histolytica (treat with metronidazole)
Posterior

36. Which parasitic organism - when it crosses the placenta - results in intracerebral calcifications - chorioretinitis - microcephaly - hydrocephaly - and convulsions?
Toxoplasma gondii
Berger disease (IgA nephropathy)
Poxvirus replicates its DNA in the cytoplasm.
Lead

37. Name the area of the cerebral cortex affected by the description of the effects - symptoms - and results of the lesion - Agraphia - acalculia - finger agnosia - right - left disorientation

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38. What is the only factor of enzyme kinetics that the enzyme affects?
Herpesvirus
Epinephrine
IgM
Ea (activation energy)

39. The gallbladder functions to...
produce bile
Acetyl CoA carboxylase
They chronically inhibit ADH secretion; when there is a decrease in the blood volume - the stretch receptors send fewer signals - and ADH is secreted.
Patients with unilateral cerebellar lesions fall toward the side of the lesion.

40. Bence - Jones proteinuria
A loss of afferent activity indicates a decrease in BP - and an increase in afferent activity indicates an increase in BP.
Cortisol Remember - from the outer cortex to the inner layer - Salt - Sugar - Sex. The adrenal cortex gets sweeter as you go deeper.
Down syndrome (trisomy 21)
Multiple myeloma

41. Why is there a transcellular shift in K+ levels in a diabetic patient who becomes acidotic?
The increased H+ moves intracellularly and is buffered by K+ leaving the cells - resulting in intracellular depletion and serum excess. (Intracellular hypokalemia is the reason you supplement potassium in diabetic ketoacidosis - even though the serum
Test - retest reliability
Amyl nitrate - sodium nitrate - or sodium thiosulfate
Superior Oblique (CN IV) (LR6 SO4)3

42. What form of depression is due to abnormal metabolism of melatonin?
Silent
Seasonal affective disorder (treat with bright light therapy)
Site 4
Ankylosing spondylitis

43. What nematode is known as hookworms? What is the treatment?
Necator americanus is treated with mebendazole and iron therapy.
Hereditary spherocytosis
Formal operations (> 12 years)
Phase 4

44. What is the DOC for blastomycoses and sporotrichoses?
HBeAb
ll
Labioscrotal swelling
Itraconazole

45. What part of the heart forms x The right border?
Labile
Chief cells
Mycoplasma
Right atrium

46. What antihypertensive agent produces cyanide and thiocyanate as byproducts?
LC4 - LD4 - and LE 4
Nitroprusside
B- cell Ag receptors
Purulent exudates

47. What papillae are responsible for sweet taste?
Mebendazole
Agents that decrease ACh function reduce tremors and rigidity - not bradykinesias.
Hydatidiform mole
Circumvallate papillae

48. What are the three polymorphonuclear leukocytes? Be specific.
Conjugated (direct) hyperbilirubinemia - a transport defect
Neutrophils - eosinophils - and basophils
Cause - specific mortality rate
Shigella

49. Name the product or products of arachidonic acid: x Chemotactic for neutrophils
Trazodone
LTB4
Riboflavin (B2)
First M PITS for pharyngeal pouch derivatives

50. Regarding the Lac operon - for What do the following genes code? - Z gene
In the peroxisome until it is 10 carbons long; the rest is completed in the mitochondria.
Beta- Galactosidase
Tensor tympani
Microglia. All others are neuroectodermal derivatives.