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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Name the compartment of the lower extremity and the nerve based on its movements - Plantar flex the foot - flex the toes - and invert the foot
Bladder carcinoma
Haemophilus ducreyi
Histrionic
Posterior compartment of the leg - tibial nerve

2. Prolactin levels can serve as a rough indicator of...
Nodes of Ranvier
overall dopamine activity
Glioblastoma multiforme
IQ

3. What has occurred to the renal arterioles based on the following changes in the GFR - RPF - FF - and glomerular capillary pressure? - GFR ? - RPF ? - FF normal - capillary pressure ?
12 ATPs per acetyl CoA that enter the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (Krebs cycle)
Dilation of afferent arteriole
Week four - and they remain dormant there until puberty.
CD3

4. What is the term for the total volume of air moved in and out of the respiratory system per minute?
'Lady between two Majors': latissimus dorsi - pectoralis major - and teres major
Total ventilation (minute ventilation or minute volume)
Meningioma
Enterokinase

5. What sex cell tumor causes precocious puberty - masculinization - gynecomastia in adults - and crystalloids of Reinke?
Hexosaminidase A
Leydig cell tumor
Pimozide
The carotid sinus is a pressure - sensitive (low) receptor - while the carotid body is an oxygen - sensitive (low) receptor. (Remember 'Sinus Pressure').

6. What AR CNS disorder presents early in childhood with gait ataxia - loss of deep tendon reflexes - impaired vibratory sensation - hand clumsiness - and loss of position sense?
Friedreich ataxia
Melatonin. It is a light - sensitive hormone that is associated with sleepiness.
Phase 1
d - Tubocurarine

7. What part of the inner ear contains the gravity receptors for changes in the position of the head?
Eight pairs through seven cervical vertebrae. Totaling 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
Saccule and utricle
NaCl is removed from the lumen to dilute the fluid leaving the loop of Henle.
Actually - yes. You should encourage your patient to try other forms of medicine as long as they are not contraindicated with the patient's preexisting illness. You must be able to accept the health beliefs of your patients - even if you don't agree.

8. Name the following descriptions associated with bacterial endocarditis: x Retinal emboli
Aminoacyl - tRNA synthetase - which uses 2 ATPs for this reaction.
Roth spots
DiGeorge's syndrome
Vesicle (e.g. - poison ivy)

9. What small coagulase - positive - gram - negative rod with bipolar staining is a facultative intracellular parasite resulting in buboes?
Yersinia pestis
Transcortical aphasia
Aminoglycosides
Right coronary artery

10. What cell in bone is a part of the mononuclear phagocytic system?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Osteoclasts
>15 mm
The poly(A) site on the DNA

11. What happens to prevalence as duration increases?
Prevalence increases. (Incidence does not change.)
1. Provide antibacterial action 2. Lubricate 3. Begin CHO digestion 4. Begin fat digestion
Follicular lymphoma
Cryptococcus

12. Where on the codon and anticodon does the wobble hypothesis take place?

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13. What form of poisoning is associated with bitter almond - scented breath?
Increase enzyme concentrations
Proencephalon diencephalon derivative
Pseudomonas sp.
Cyanide

14. What is the most common one? - Intraspinal tumor
PKU
Meclizine
Ependymoma
HBeAb

15. Can be secreted.
1. Concentration (greater concentration gradient - greater diffusion rate) 2. Surface area (greater surface area - greater diffusion rate) 3. Solubility (greater solubility - greater diffusion rate) 4. Membrane thickness (thicker the membrane - slowe
Severe combined immunodeficiency disease
>15 mm
B- cell Ag receptors

16. What paraphilia is defined as x Sexual fantasies or practices with animals?
Medial nuclear group (limbic system)
Methicillin
Five pairs through five sacral vertebrae. Totaling 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
Zoophilia

17. What type of skin carcinoma occurring on sun - exposed sites has a low level of metastasis?
Negative reinforcement
Squamous cell carcinoma
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Cirrhosis and hemolytic anemia - which are risk factors for pigmented gallstones.

18. What form of arthritis is associated with calcium pyrophosphate crystals?
Hemangioma (benign)
Polycystic kidney disease of childhood
Sj
Pseudogout

19. Are the following major or minor Jones criteria of rheumatic fever? - Migratory polyarthritis
Respiratory alkalosis (summary: low CO2 - low H+ - slightly low HCO3-)
Major
JC virus
Penicillin G (benzylpenicillin)

20. Name the cluster B personality disorder: x In a constant state of crisis - promiscuous - unable to tolerate anxiety- causing situations - afraid of being alone - and having intense but brief relationships
EBV infections resulting in infectious mononucleosis can be diagnosed by the Monospot test. (Remember - it may be negative in the first week of the illness - so retest if you have a high index of suspicion.)
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Mesencephalon
Borderline

21. Clue cells are associated with which organism that causes vaginal discharge?
GM2 ganglioside Caused by a deficiency of Beta- hexosaminidase A
1. Laminin 2. Heparan sulfate (heparitin sulfate) 3. Fibronectin 4. Type IV collagen
Gardnerella vaginalis
Mannitol

22. Is a nicotinic receptor agonist.
A high - resistance system is formed when resistors are added in a series.
Yes - because they both activate the BZ1- receptors - which can be reversed by flumazenil.
Succinylcholine
Peau d'orange

23. What is the leading cause of primary hyperparathyroidism?
Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma
Goodpasture disease
Chief cell adenoma (80%)
Uric acid

24. What hormone is secreted by the placenta late in pregnancy - stimulates mammary growth during pregnancy - mobilizes energy stores from the mother so that the fetus can use them - and has an amino acid sequence like GH?
Eosinophilic exudates
Human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) or human placental lactogen (hPL)
Macula densa
Flurazepam

25. What class of pharmaceuticals are inactive until they are metabolized to their active products?
Prodrugs
ACE inhibitors (- pril)
Pyridoxine (B6) deficiency
1. Picornavirus 2. Calicivirus 3. Reovirus (Remember PCR)

26. What is the first formal IQ test used today for children aged 2 to 18?
Stanford - Binet Scale - developed in 1905 - is useful in the very bright - the impaired - and children less than 6 years old.
Anopheles mosquito
The poly(A) site on the DNA
Extracellular

27. When does cortisol secretion peak?
2.0 or greater
In early- morning sleep - usually between the sixth and eighth hours
Glioblastoma multiforme
Scrofula

28. What is the name of the urinary bladder where the ureters enter and the urethra exits?
Type I symptoms (positive); schizophrenics have them - but otherwise healthy persons do not.
Biotin (only if eaten in large quantities)
9.3 L - 15% of body weight
Urinary trigone

29. What embryonic structure forms the adult female structures? - Ovary - follicles - rete ovarii
Gonads
The CD4 T cell; the APC is the first cell in the immune response.
Sucralfate
Hyaluronic acid (all sulfates bind to the core protein)

30. What is the most common chromosomal abnormality associated with CLL?
Prefrontal cortex; it is in front of the premotor area.
Trisomy 12 (nearly 50% of patients with CLL have abnormal karyotypes.)
Transference. When it is from the physician to the patient it is called countertransference.
Heart disease

31. What enzyme of the TCA cycle catalyzes the production of the following: x NADH (hint: 3 enzymes)
Rifampin
Cytochrome c
CD4+ T cells (helper)
Isocitrate dehydrogenase - a - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase - and malate dehydrogenase

32. What complement factor deficiency leads to x Recurrent gonococcal infections?
Streptomycin
Rheumatoid arthritis
C5- C8 deficiency
Fibrocystic change of the breast

33. What prokaryotic positioning enzyme in translation is blocked by the following? - Erythromycin
Peroxidase - Which is also needed for iodination and coupling inside the follicular cell
H 2
Thick skin
EF- G of the 50S subunit

34. What is given to pregnant women within 24 hours after birth to eliminate Rh+ fetal blood cells from their circulation?
Rho (D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) - an anti - RhD IgG antibody - prevents generation of RhD- specific memory B cells in the mother.
Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome
Androgen - binding protein
Filtration is greater than excretion for net reabsorption to occur.

35. What chromosome is mutant in patients with cystic fibrosis?
Histiocytosis X
hCG can be detected in the blood by day 8 and in the urine by day 10.
Patients with cystic fibrosis have a mutation in the chloride channel protein in the CFTR gene on chromosome 7.
Musculophrenic and superior epigastric arteries

36. What is the most potent male sex hormone?
Ovulation
Dihydrotestosterone
Clostridium perfringens
NaCl is removed from the lumen to dilute the fluid leaving the loop of Henle.

37. Which hepatitis B serology markers
Erythema multiforme
Arsenic
Infrapatellar bursa
HBcAb IgG - HBV- DNA - HBeAg - HBsAg

38. A migrating myoelectric complex is a propulsive movement of undigested material of undigested material from the stomach to the small intestine to the colon. During a fast - What is the time interval of its repeats?
Cryptococcus
Schedule dependent; antineoplastic agents that work on nonproliferating cells are dose dependent
Velocity is inversely related to cross - sectional area.
It repeats every 90 to 120 minutes and correlates with elevated levels of motilin.

39. How many oogonia are present at birth?
CSF H+ levels - with acidosis being the main central drive - resulting in hyperventilation (the opposite being true with alkalosis)
Toxoplasmosis (although you should rule out cerebral abscess due to other organisms)
Serotonergic crisis may be precipitated when an SSRI is mixed with MAOIs - TCADs - dextromethorphan - and meperidine. Treat it with cyproheptadine.
None; they are not formed until a girl reaches puberty.

40. What level of mental retardation is characterized by x Being self - supportive with minimal guidance and able to be gainfully employed (includes 85% of the mentally retarded)?
Pneumocystis carinii
Mild (50-70)
1. Cefamandole 2. Cefoperazone 3. Moxalactam
Left heart failure

41. What is the name of the program that deals with codependency and enabling behaviors for family members of alcohol abusers?
Translation
Conversion disorder
almitate
Al - Anon

42. What component of the inner ear x Contains endolymph and gravity receptors monitoring linear acceleration and deceleration of the head - noting changes in head position?
Staphylococcus aureus
Utricle and saccule
Sigma factor
Pyridoxine (B6) deficiency

43. What autoimmune disorder is due to Abs directed to ACh receptors at the NMJ?
Myasthenia gravis
CD8+ T cells (cytotoxic) Remember - 8
Virchow triad - associated with the formation of a thrombus.
The kidneys excrete the excess nitrogen from the body as urea in the urine.

44. What muscle is most superior in the orbit?
Calicivirus
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Levator palpebrae superioris
Liver

45. What skin condition is a localized proliferation of melanocytes presenting as small - oval - light brown macules?
Left atrium and tip of the right atrium
Aspartame
Benign lentigo
Clostridium perfringens

46. Which class of antiarrhythmics are Beta- blockers?
EF-2 and GTP
Class II
There are two eukaryotic upstream promoters. The TATA box is -25 base pairs upstream; the CAAT box is -75 bases upstream.
Medial pontine syndrome

47. What is the only neuroleptic agent that does not cause hyperprolactinemia?
RBCs. That is why it is called red pulp.
Clozapine
Are inactivated vaccines available in the United States
1. H2O2 2. Superoxide 3. Hydroxyl radical 4. Myeloperoxidase 5. Hypochlorous acid

48. Which direction is air flowing when the intra - alveolar pressure is zero?
Autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura
When the intra - alveolar pressure equals zero - there is no airflow.
Nerve fibers with small diameter and high firing rates are most sensitive to local blockade
Enterococcus faecalis

49. What hormone - produced by the Sertoli cells - is responsible for keeping testosterone levels in the seminiferous tubules nearly 50 times that of the serum?
Androgen - binding protein
Arsenic
B- cell Ag receptors
The DCML system. (Remember - everything but pain and temperature.)

50. What phase of Food and Drug Administration approval tests x The efficacy and occurrence of side effects in large group of patient volunteers?
Penicillin V
Phase 1
1. Notify police. 2. Try to detain the person making the threat. 3. Notify the threatened victim.
Phase III. It is considered the definitive test.