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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What receptor is in the smooth muscle cells of the small bronchi - is stimulated during inflation - and inhibits inspiration?
Glucagon and epinephrine
Oxygen
G0 phase
Stretch receptors prevent overdistension of the lungs during inspiration.

2. What fructose metabolism enzyme is deficient in patients with vomiting - apathy - diarrhea - jaundice - proximal renal tubular acidosis - hypoglycemia - and hyperuricemia?
Bilateral degeneration of the dorsal columns in the spinal cord secondary to syphilis is known as tabes dorsalis. A high - step gait is seen in patients with tabes dorsalis because of the inability to feel the ground beneath their feet.
Somatic motor neurons
Aldolase B deficiencies are treated by eliminating fructose from the diet.
Stage 4

3. Should you refer a patient to a form of folk medicine even if you don't believe in it?

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4. Name the type of mutation: New codon specifies a different AA
Deltoid
No - it is not a mandatory reportable offense (if you can believe it). Child and elderly abuse are mandatory reportable offenses.
Missense
Embolism

5. What protein catalyzes the formation of the last PDE bond between the Okazaki fragments to produce a continuous strand?
DNA ligase
The promoter indicates where transcription will begin.
Azithromycin
Libman - Sacks endocarditis

6. What myeloid disorder is characterized by increased hematocrit - blood viscosity - basophils - and eosinophils; intense pruritus; and gastric ulcers due to histamine release from basophils - increased LAP - and plethora?
Liquids - CHO - protein - fat
Glutamate
Processed antigenic peptides bound in the groove of the MHC molecule
Polycythemia vera (Remember - polycythemia vera is a risk factor for acute leukemias.)

7. In the alveoli - what cell type is x for gas exchange?
Type I pneumocytes
RSV
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Ductus epididymis - Which is lined by pseudostratified epithelium with stereocilia.

8. What metal poisoning produces microcytic anemia with basophilic stippling?
Childhood
HPV serotypes 6 and 11
Lead poisoning
Left ventricle and auricle of left atrium

9. To what host cell receptor does the rabies virus attach?
Insulinoma
Obturator nerve
ACh receptor
Gain of hypotonic fluid (water intoxication or hypotonic saline)

10. What is the most common one? - Renal cell cancer type
Tamoxifen
Somatization
1. Glycine 2. Aspartate 3. Glutamine
Clear cell

11. What are the four DNA oncogenic viruses?
They are preganglionic sympathetic axons. They are white because they are myelinated.
CD8
L4 to S3 (L2 to L4 - thigh; L4 to S3 - leg)
1. HPV 2. EBV 3. Hepatitis B 4. Kaposi sarcoma

12. What eukaryotic translation enzyme is associated with the following: x Termination
No enzymes are needed. When the stop codon reaches the A site - it results in termination.
Metaphase II
Hepatitis A (infectious)
EF- Tu or EF- ts and GTP

13. In a parallel circuit - what happens to resistance when a resistor is added in parallel
G-6- PD deficiency
Glycine/arginine
delta - Cells; somatostatin has an inhibitory effect on alpha - and Beta - islet cells.
Resistance decreases as resistors are added in parallel.

14. Name the two purine bases found in both DNA and RNA.
Adenine and guanine
Propionibacterium acnes
Granulosa/thecal cell tumor of the ovary
Positive

15. A unilateral lesion In what nucleus will produce ipsilateral paralysis of the soft palate?
Dilator pupillae muscle
Nucleus ambiguus - resulting in the uvula deviating away from the side of the lesion.
Osteopetrosis (Albers - Sch
Chronic alcoholic

16. Name the most common type - Learning disability
Dyslexia
Cryptococcus
Radial nerve
Hypotonia (rag doll appearance)

17. What components of the coagulation cascade are affected by estrogen?
Increased GABA levels decrease the likelihood of learned helplessness.
Estrogen can result in a hypercoagulable state because of the decrease in AT III and increase in factors II - VII - IX - and X.
Cohort studies determine incidence and causality - not prevalence.
They block the midcycle surge of LH.

18. What is the term for the number of new events occurring in a population divided by the population at risk?
Pubis - ilium - and ischium
Incidence rate
Liquids - CHO - protein - fat
IL-10

19. What cardiac reflex is characterized by stretch receptors in the right atrium - afferent and efferent limbs via the vagus nerve - and increased stretch leading to an increase in heart rate via inhibition of parasympathetic stimulation?
Biotin (only if eaten in large quantities)
Mesencephalon
When the intra - alveolar pressure equals zero - there is no airflow.
Bainbridge reflex

20. What is the most common circulation Ig in the plasma?
Being awake
IgG
Short - chain fatty acids
Major basic protein

21. Name the area of the cerebral cortex affected by the description of the effects - symptoms - and results of the lesion - Withdrawn - fearful - explosive moods - violent outbursts - and loss of inhibitions
C1 esterase inhibitor (C1INH)
Fibroadenoma
Orbitomedial frontal lobe
Capillaries

22. What segment of the gastrointestinal tract lacks villi - has crypts - and actively transports sodium out of its lumen?
Addition (They are mutually exclusive.)
Physostigmine
Large intestine. Water is passively removed from the lumen.
Axis I

23. Name the most common cause - A cold in the spring and fall
Left: stomach - spleen - and left kidney; right: liver - duodenum - and right kidney
Rhinovirus
EF-1 and GTP
Western blot

24. Goodpasture Ag is a component of What type of collagen?
GH- producing adenoma
Bactericidal
Type IV collagen
Under normal resting conditions no - but they are strongly stimulated when PO2 arterial levels decrease to 50 to 60 mm Hg - resulting in increased ventilatory drive.

25. What is the only enzyme in the body that uses N-5- methyl folate?
Alveoli; they are part of the respiratory portion.
Calcitriol
Postductal coarctation of the aorta (adult)
Homocysteine methyl transferase

26. What is the only way to increase the Vmax of a reaction?
Poxvirus
Increase the concentration of enzymes
Dissociative fugue. (Patients are unaware of memory loss.)
wave

27. How long is the transit time through the small intestine?
Beta- Galactosidase
Anemia of chronic disease
The short arm of chromosome 6
2 to 4 hours

28. What five factors promote turbulent flow?
Ovarian cancer
1. Sweat glands 2. Arterioles 3. Veins
Achalasia. (Think Chagas disease if it presents in a person from Central or South America.)
1. Increased tube radius 2. Increased velocity 3. Decreased viscosity 4. Increased number of branches 5. Narrowing of an orifice

29. What nucleus of the hypothalamus is the satiety center - regulating food intake?
IGF-1 (somatomedin C)
Hepatitis B
Chromosome 22q
Ventromedial nucleus; lesions here result in obesity.

30. What eukaryotic translation enzyme is associated with the following: x Initiation
eIF-2 in the P site
1. Liver 2. Kidney 3. Pituitary gland (via 5'- deiodinase enzyme)
Motor aspect
Klebsiella pneumoniae

31. Name the cluster B personality disorder: x Grandiose sense of self - importance; demands constant attention; fragile self - esteem; can be charismatic
Purulent exudates
Fructose; both glucose and galactose are actively absorbed via secondary active transport.
Narcissistic
Initiate and manage gross skeletal muscle movement control

32. What chronic liver disease has a beaded appearance of the bile ducts on cholangiogram?
They innervate LMNs.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Low interstitial free Ca2+ concentrations
G0 phase

33. What is the MCC of viral conjunctivitis?
PALS (Parietolateral lymphocytic sheath)
Adenovirus
Stage 2
Transverse abdominis

34. What is the karyotype in Turner syndrome?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Penicillin G (benzylpenicillin)
45XO
Radial Immuno Diffusion (RID) for Ig levels.

35. What small coagulase - positive - gram - negative rod with bipolar staining is a facultative intracellular parasite resulting in buboes?
Hypersegmented neutrophils
Projective drawing. The artistic form is irrelevant - but the size - placement - erasures - and distortions are relevant.
Yersinia pestis
Esophagus - SVC - vagus nerve - azygos vein - thoracic duct - thymus - and phrenic nerve

36. What is the drug of choice for steroid - induced osteoporosis?
Alendronate
Glutamate dehydrogenase
Alcoholic cirrhosis
1. Fibrillary protein 2. Amyloid protein 3. Glycosaminoglycans

37. Where is ADH synthesized?
In the supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus; it is stored in the posterior pituitary gland.
embranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
Conidia
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency

38. What somatoform disorder is described as x Preoccupied with illness or death - persisting despite reassurance - lasting longer than 6 months?

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39. What is the name of violent projectile movements of a limb resulting from a lesion in the subthalamic nuclei of the basal ganglia?
Hemiballismus
1. Decrease alpha -1 activity 2. Increase Beta -2 activity 3. Increase ACh levels
Minimal change disease
Hepatocellular carcinoma

40. What thyroiditis presents as a tender - enlarged - firm thyroid gland - usually preceded by an upper respiratory viral illness?
Free hormone levels remain constant - and the bound hormone level changes with a decrease in binding hormones.
Limbic system
The death of a spouse. The higher the score - the greater the risk of developing an illness in the next 6 months.
de Quervain thyroiditis

41. The increased oxygen consumption after phagocytosis is for...
100%; the percentage of blood flow through the pulmonary and systemic circulations are equal.
Antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal Abs
S phase
ATP production

42. Name the associated chromosome - Tay- Sachs disease
Kl
Thrush
Chromosome 15q
Left atrium and tip of the right atrium

43. Name the GLUT transporter based on the following: x Found in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues
Western blot
Pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
GLUT 4
All are lactose fermenters except Yersinia and Proteus.

44. What enzyme of the purine salvage pathway is deficient in the following? - Selective T- cell immunodeficiency
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
The vaccine contains 23 capsular polysaccharides.
Superego
IgG4

45. Describe the loss for each of the following in a hemisection of the spinal cord. (Brown - S
Pneumocystis carinii
Sensory
1. C5a 2. Leukotriene B4 3. IL-8 4. Bacterial peptides
Contralateral loss below and bilateral loss at the level of the lesion

46. What bone cell has receptors for PTH?
Transient ischemic attack
Succinylcholine and halothane (Treatment is with dantrolene.)
cDNA libraries are derived from mRNA - are continuous - and contain no introns or regulatory elements.
Osteoblasts (Remember - they modulate the function of osteoclasts.)

47. What is the most common one? - Sites for abdominal aorta aneurysm
Left ventricle and auricle of left atrium
Negative reinforcement
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Between the renal arteries and at the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta

48. What complement factor deficiency leads to x Hereditary angioedema?
Right coronary artery
1. Conjunctivitis 2. Nongonococcal urethritis 3. Peripheral arthritis Can't see - can't wee - can't kick with your knee
Histamine
C1 inhibitor (C1- INH)

49. What is the start codon - and What does it code for in eukaryotes? Prokaryotes?
The one start codon - AUG - in eukaryotes codes for methionine and in prokaryotes formylmethionine.
TB meningitis
Esophagus - SVC - vagus nerve - azygos vein - thoracic duct - thymus - and phrenic nerve
APocrinE glands (APES is my memory aid) Axilla - Areola - and Anus all begin with A. APES are hairy (associated with hair follicles). They smell (odor production) - and if confronted by an APE - your Adrenergic nervous system would be firing (innerva

50. Name the most common type - Specific phobia
Anterior spinal artery
1. Burkitt's lymphoma 2. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma 3. Thymic carcinoma
Public speaking (Remember: stage fright)
Chromosome 19