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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the term for the amount of blood in the ventricle after maximal contraction?
Varicella virus and influenza virus
Temporal arteritis
Residual volume
Serum 25- hydroxy- vitamin D (25- OH- D)

2. Name the associated chromosome - Neurofibromatosis type 1
Ag - Ab binding
1. Cloxacillin 2. Oxacillin 3. Nafcillin 4. Dicloxacillin 5. Methicillin (CONDM)
Chromosome 17
premature ejaculation

3. Name the primary vesicle the following structures are derived from (proencephalon - mesencephalon - or rhombencephalon) - Diencephalon
The number of cross - bridges cycling during contraction: the greater the number - the greater the force of contraction.
Adhesions and hernias
Persistent truncus arteriosus
Proencephalon

4. Can a physician commit a patient?
Quaternary structure
NO!! Remember - only a judge can commit a patient. A physician can detain a patient (maximum is for 48 hours).
1. Less than 3 cm 2. Clean base 3. Level with the surrounding mucosa
Thymine

5. What is the term to describe the average?
Mean
Tardive dyskinesia. It persists even after treatment is discontinued and has no treatment. Focus is on monitoring for side effects and prevention.
snRNA
Osteoporosis

6. What is the titratable acid form of H+ in the urine?
SITS
H2PO4- (dihydrogen phosphate)
LH
Selegiline

7. Have analgesic - antipyretic - anti - inflammatory - and antiplatelet activities.
NSAIDs
G2 phase
Prevalence rate
Gradient - time system

8. Which diuretic is used as an adrenal steroid antagonist?
Spironolactone
IL-8. It not only is chemotactic - it also acts as an adhesive for neutrophils.
Hepatitis - with or without necrosis
MGN

9. What splanchnic carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers that innervate the hindgut and the pelvic viscera?
RES(Reticular endothelial system)
Pelvic splanchnics (They all begin with P.)
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Down syndrome (it is slightly more common than fragile X syndrome.)

10. What is the most common one? - Site for an ectopic abdominal pregnancy
Cytokine. If a cytokine affects another class of leukocytes - it is called an interleukin.
JC virus
The rectouterine pouch (of Douglas)
eEF-2 is the site where Pseudomonas and Diphtheria toxins work.

11. Do the PO2 peripheral chemoreceptors of the carotid body contribute to the normal drive for ventilation?
Under normal resting conditions no - but they are strongly stimulated when PO2 arterial levels decrease to 50 to 60 mm Hg - resulting in increased ventilatory drive.
CMV - Toxoplasma gondii - and Listeria
Nearly 25% of patients taking lithium develop polyuria and polydipsia.
Cancer

12. Which drug is used to treat opioid withdrawal - ADHD - and sometimes Tourette's syndrome?
CMV - Toxoplasma gondii - and Listeria
Atrophy. Disuse can also be due to immobilization - ischemia - aging - and a host of other causes.
Clonidine
CD3

13. Name the cerebral vessel associated with the following vascular pathologies - Subdural hemorrhage
Sigmoid colon
Bridging veins draining into the sagittal sinus
Hypertrophic scar
The right gonadal vein drains into the inferior vena cava directly - and the left gonadal vein drains into the left renal vein.

14. What negative sense RNA virus is associated with intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies called Negri bodies?
Respiratory depression
Rabies
Endometrial cancer
Guanethidine and bretylium

15. What muscles insert in or on the intertubercular groove of the humerus?

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16. What toxin ADP- ribosylates via Gi to increase cAMP?
secondary immune response
1. Dorsal scapular 2. Suprascapular 3. Long thoracic 4. Nerve to subclavius
The cat
Pertussis toxin

17. Name three opsonins.
Fc portion of IgG - C3b - and mannose - binding proteins
Diazepam is longest acting and midazolam is shortest acting.
Ventral posterolateral nucleus
Coxiella burnetii

18. What is an elevated - fluid - filled cavity between skin layers up to 0.5 cm?
Eisenmenger syndrome - which can also occur with any left - to - right shunt
1 day prior to ovulation
Gastrin - releasing peptide (GRP) stimulates G cells to release Gastrin. (All G's)
Vesicle (e.g. - poison ivy)

19. Where are the tonsillar tissues?

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20. Innervate the striated muscle of the bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernous muscles and result in ejaculation of semen.
Liver
Splitting
Potter facies
Somatic motor neurons

21. What fissure of the cerebral cortex runs perpendicular to the lateral fissure and separates the frontal and the parietal lobes?
Renshaw neuron
IGF-1 (somatomedin C)
Central sulcus (sulcus of Rolando)
Histidine

22. Which genus of dermatophytes is associated with the following sites of infection? - Nails and skin only
Capillary flow and pressure increase with arteriolar dilation and decrease with arteriolar constriction.
The fastigial nucleus
Epidermophyton
Thiogalactoside transacetylase

23. What cells of the epidermis - derived from the neural crest - act as mechanoreceptors?

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24. Does ELISA or Western blot confirm whether a patient is HIV- positive?
Exposure
A- T are linked by 2 hydrogen bonds - C- G by 3 hydrogen bonds.
ELISA screens and Western blot confirms the diagnosis.
Paramesonephric ducts

25. Clue cells are associated with which organism that causes vaginal discharge?
Roth spots
Waldenstr
Gardnerella vaginalis
Clostridium perfrigens

26. How many NADPHs are used per addition of acetyl CoA into a fatty acid chain?
2 NADPHs per acetyl CoA
Duodenal ulcers (4 times as common as gastric)
Stable
Vitamin B12 deficiency and folate deficiency

27. What disease has multiple schwannomas - caf
Neurofibromatosis I (chromosome 22q is with neurofibromatosis II and no Lisch nodules)
RNA polymerase I
Uroporphyrinogen I synthetase
ACh receptor

28. In what form are triglycerides sent to adipose tissue from the liver?
Bile salts are actively reabsorbed in the distal ileum.
VLDLs
Brucella
Prader - Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome - respectively

29. A depressive patient who is taking paroxetine goes to the ER with pain and is given meperidine. Shortly afterward she develops diaphoresis - myoclonus - muscle rigidity - hyperthermia - and seizures. What is your diagnosis?
Serotonergic crisis may be precipitated when an SSRI is mixed with MAOIs - TCADs - dextromethorphan - and meperidine. Treat it with cyproheptadine.
Bone deposition increases with increased Ca2+ or PO 4- concentrations - whereas resorption (breakdown) is increased when there are low levels of Ca2+ or PO4-.
Sadism
1. Sleep paralysis 2. Hypnagogic hallucinations (while falling asleep) 3. Sleep attacks with excessive daytime sleepiness 4. Cataplexy (pathognomonic) Narcolepsy is a disorder of REM sleep - with REM occurring within 10 minutes of sleep.

30. What test uses p24 protein when diagnosing HIV?
The Fc region of IgG and C3b
Live vaccines
Red blood cell distribution width index (RDW)
ELISA test

31. What is the name for the following RBC indices? - Average volume of a RBC
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
Carcinoid tumor
Mantle cell lymphoma
The secretory phase is progesterone - dependent and 14 days long - whereas the length of the proliferative phase varies

32. What disease arises from the adrenal medulla - displaces and crosses the midline - metastasizes early - is the most common solid tumor - and is seen in the 2- to 4-year - old age group?
Neuroblastoma
The number of cross - bridges cycling during contraction: the greater the number - the greater the force of contraction.
Ipsilateral flaccid paralysis
Apneustic center (deep breathing place)

33. What happens to V/Q ratio if a thrombus is lodged in the pulmonary artery?
Atrophy. Disuse can also be due to immobilization - ischemia - aging - and a host of other causes.
Resistance of the system increases. (Remember - when resistors are connected in a series - the total of the resistance is the sum of the individual resistances.)
Spironolactone
The V/Q ratio increases - since the area is ventilated but hypoperfused as a result of the occlusion.

34. What skin type on the palms and soles is characterized by the absence of hair follicles and presence of stratum lucidum?
Thick skin
Arcuate line
<2
The left gastric - splenic - and common hepatic arteries

35. Is an anti - HAV IgG Ab associated with immunization or recent infection?
Anti - HAV IgG Abs are associated with immunization or a prior infection. Anti - HAV IgM is associated with acute or recent infection.
Membranous glomerulonephritis
150 mcg/day is the minimal daily intake needed. Most people ingest 500 mcg/day.
Altruism

36. Which medication requires an acidic gastric pH for activation to form a protective gel - like coating over ulcers and GI epithelium?
Parental assignment and culture (not biology)
Flea - bitten kidney (can also be seen in pyelonephritis)
GnRH constant infusion
Sucralfate

37. How early can a pregnancy be detected by hCG assays in the blood? In urine?
Range
hCG can be detected in the blood by day 8 and in the urine by day 10.
Superior and posterior
Chromosome 21

38. What Brodmann area is associated with x Primary motor cortex?
During a lumbar puncture the needle passes through the interlaminar space in the midline of L3- L4 - with the tip of the iliac crest in the flexed position as the landmark. Order of puncture: 1. Skin 2. Superficial fascia 3. Deep fascia 4. Supraspino
Area 4
Vagus nerve
Psoriasis

39. Use of an outlet for emotions (stuff flows downhill).
Displacement
Molybdenum (Mb)
Ag - Ab complexes. The alternative pathway protects without use of Abs; the pathogen is the stimulus.
IL-4 - IL-10 - and IL-13

40. Name the pattern of genetic transmission characterized thus: both M and F affected; no M- to - M transmission; affected M passes trait to all daughters - every generation; affected F passes trait to both sons and daughters; a single mutant allele can
X- linked dominant
Wernicke's aphasia
Acute cystitis
Subscapularis

41. If the pH is low with increased CO2 levels and decreased HCO3- levels - What is the acid - base disturbance?
Combined metabolic and respiratory acidosis
Posterior interventricular artery
Temporal lobes
NADPH oxidase

42. What is the most common organ involved in amyloidosis?
Osteocyte
3'end of the codon (third position) on mRNA and 5' end of the anticodon (first position) on tRNA.
Kidney
80S ribosomes (because they are eukaryotic)

43. An 80-year - old woman presents to you with right - sided temporal headache - facial pain and blurred vision on the affected side - and an elevated ESR. Your diagnosis?
Encapsulated bacteria
Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis)
Isotonic contraction
Isolation of affect

44. What is the most common opportunistic infection of the CNS in HIV?
Mitral stenosis
Pulmonary alveolar macrophages
Heparin - intrinsic pathway - PTT; warfarin - extrinsic pathway - PT (mnemonic: hPeT - wPiTT)
Toxoplasmosis

45. What are the pharmacologic effects seen sexually with x Dopamine agonists?
In men it is prostate cancer - and in women it is breast cancer.
Increased erection and libido
The alveolar PO2 and PCO2 levels
RSV

46. What deep cerebellar nuclei receive Purkinje cell projections in x The flocculonodular lobe?
The lateral vestibular nucleus
14 days in most women (Remember - the luteal phase is always constant.)
The Palmar interosseus ADducts - whereas the Dorsal interosseus ABducts (PAD and DAB)
Laminin

47. Name the type of necrosis - Due to lipase activity and has a chalky white appearance
GP41
Dopamine is converted into NE in the vesicle via the enzyme dopamine - Beta - hydroxylase.
Carbamazepine
Fat necrosis

48. What is the most common one? - Thyroid cancer
Fat necrosis
Papillary carcinoma
Fibrocystic change of the breast
Variola virus (Smallpox)

49. What fat - soluble vitamin is connected to selenium metabolism?
Vitamin E
Pasteurella - Brucella - Legionella - and Francisella (all of the - ellas)
Bernard - Soulier syndrome
A high - resistance system is formed when resistors are added in a series.

50. What are the primary neurotransmitters at the following sites? - Autonomic preganglionic neurons
Laminin
ACh
7 years old
Polyarteritis nodosa