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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What is the male - to - female ratio for committing suicide?
Acute pyelonephritis
Hepadnavirus
Large segment deletions
M:F 4:1 committing - but M:F ratio of attempts is 1:3 (males commit more but females try it more)

2. What is the term for a venous embolus in the arterial system?
absorption
Paradoxic emboli most commonly enter the arteries through a patent septal defect in the heart.
Glutamine and aspartate
9.3 L - 15% of body weight

3. What is the leading cause of primary hyperparathyroidism?
Chief cell adenoma (80%)
Massive influx of calcium
Factor XII for the intrinsic; factor VII for the extrinsic pathway
Metronidazole

4. What embryonic structure forms the adult male structure? - Urinary bladder - urethra - prostate gland - bulbourethral gland
Primary hypocortisolism (Addison's disease)
Cestodes
Clear cell
Urogenital sinus

5. What component of the ETC is inhibited by the following? - Rotenone
PGE (along with low oxygen tension)
Complex I
IgA
Middle cerebral artery

6. What is the term for different classes and subclasses of the same gene products?
Dorsal spinocerebellar tract; the accessory cuneate nucleus is the second nucleus for the cuneocerebellar tract.
Hypertension
Pseudomonas
Isotypes

7. What is the teratogenic effect associated with lithium?
Epstein - cardiac anomaly of the tricuspid valve
Pseudomonas
Thalassemia minor
Ligament teres

8. Which bacteria are associated with the following pigment production? - Red pigmentation
Serratia
14 days
Right nasal hemianopsia
Nephrotoxicity

9. What condition results in a strawberry gallbladder?
The parasympathetic nervous system
Methyldopa
Cholesterolosis
pH of 2 and 9

10. Name the pattern of genetic transmission characterized thus: both M and F affected; no M- to - M transmission; affected M passes trait to all daughters - every generation; affected F passes trait to both sons and daughters; a single mutant allele can
Medial compartment of the thigh - obturator nerve
PTH
The ECF compartment always enlarges when there is a net gain in total body water and decreases when there is a loss of total body water. Hydration status is named in terms of the ECF compartment.
X- linked dominant

11. What is the only class of diuretics to retain Cl - used in the short - term treatment of glaucoma and of acute mountain sickness?
Acetazolamide
Pantothenic acid
The stapedius muscle
Kl

12. What limb of the internal capsule is not supplied by the middle cerebral artery?
VLDL
Anterior limb of the internal capsule is supplied by the anterior cerebral artery.
Klinefelter syndrome
CN V

13. What is the treatment for physiologic jaundice of newborns?
Phototherapy
The basilar artery is formed at the pontomedullary junction.
Acetyl CoA carboxylase
Serotonin syndrome. It is also associated with high doses and MAOI and synthetic narcotic combinations (Ecstasy). Treatment consists of decreasing SSRI dosage - removing the causative agent - and giving cyproheptadine.

14. What are the three rules governing a secondary immune response?
Cytochrome c
cDNA libraries are derived from mRNA - are continuous - and contain no introns or regulatory elements.
1. Covalent bonding between the hapten and carrier 2. B- cell exposure to hapten twice 3. T- cell exposure to carrier twice
CN V

15. What is the term for a large - immature RBC that is spherical - blue - and without a nucleus?
Congenital heart disease
Concentration force and electrical force
Reticulocyte
Cortisol

16. What CNS tumor arises from Rathke's pouch?
Selegiline
Rhabdomyoma
Craniopharyngioma
NO!! Remember - only a judge can commit a patient. A physician can detain a patient (maximum is for 48 hours).

17. What AD syndrome produces hamartomatous polyps in the small intestine and pigmentation of the lips and oral mucosa?
The superior border of the inferior intercostal rib is your landmark for a pleural tap because along the inferior border of each rib is the neurovascular bundle - and you would risk injury if you went below the rib.
Sjogren's syndrome - active hepatitis - systemic lupus erythematosus (with HLA- DR2) and type 1 diabetes (with HLA- DR4)
Peutz - Jeghers syndrome
Mesolimbic system

18. What oral antifungal agent is used to treat dermatophyte infections by disrupting microtubule structure and depositing keratin?
Premature ejaculation
Griseofulvin
Rods
Mesonephric duct

19. What is the most common one? - Malignant thyroid tumor
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
Zona fasciculata and zona reticularis
B cells are mainly found in the peripheral white pulp and germinal centers in the spleen.
1. C5a 2. Leukotriene B4 3. IL-8 4. Bacterial peptides

20. What virus lies dormant in the x Trigeminal ganglia?
Griseofulvin
Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia
Mitral valve closure indicates the termination of the ventricular filling phase and beginning of isovolumetric contraction.
Herpes I

21. Name the three postganglionic sympathetic ganglia that receive input from thoracic splanchnics.

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22. What benign solitary papillary growth within the lactiferous ducts of the breast commonly produces bloody nipple discharge?
Subdural hematoma is a rupture of the cerebral veins where they enter the superior sagittal sinus.
Intraductal papilloma
Your duty is to tell the patient - not the family. The patient decides who gets to know and who doesn't - not you.
Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia

23. Use of an outlet for emotions (stuff flows downhill).
Aminoacyl - tRNA synthetase - which uses 2 ATPs for this reaction.
Type II symptoms (negative); otherwise healthy persons have them - but schizophrenics do not.
GnRH
Displacement

24. What ethnic group has the highest adolescent suicide rate?
Native Americans
Malignancy
Increased leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP)
Minimal change disease

25. What bonds are broken by exonucleases?

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26. What water - soluble - vitamin deficiency is associated with cheilosis and magenta tongue?
Pneumococcus
Riboflavin (B2)
Bulbus cordis
Peau d'orange

27. Name the muscle type based on these descriptions: x Continuous involuntary contraction - uninuclear striated branched fibers - actin and myosin overlapping for banding pattern - dyadic T tubules - intercalated discs - troponin and desmin as a Z disc
Cardiac muscle
The substantia nigra is the largest nucleus in the midbrain. It contains melanin and uses GABA and dopamine as its neurotransmitters.
<2
Emphysema

28. What nucleus - found in the intermediate zone of the spinal cord - sends unconscious proprioception to the cerebellum?

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29. By What age should children be able to draw the following figures? - Circle
3 years old
Astrocytoma
1. Tinea coli 2. Haustra 3. Epiploic appendages
Yes - it decreases fat and muscle uptake of glucose - thereby increasing blood glucose levels.

30. What is the tetrad of Jarisch - Herxheimer reaction?
Amyl nitrate - sodium nitrate - or sodium thiosulfate
Thoracic and sacral
Rigors - leukopenia - decrease in blood pressure - and increase in temperature
Yellow fever (flavivirus)

31. Name the antidote - Mercury
2 to 4 hours
Yohimbine
Arboviruses (bunyavirus - flavivirus - and togavirus)
Dimercaprol - penicillamine

32. What hypothesis states that the findings of a test are a result of chance?
Null hypothesis (what you hope to disprove)
Hemorrhagic exudates
Primitive ventricle
Argyll Robertson pupils accompany a loss of both direct and consensual light reflexes - but the accommodation - convergence reaction remains intact. It can also be seen in patients with pineal tumors or multiple sclerosis.

33. Where do sperm go for maturation?
Dissecting aortic aneurysm. MI is also high on the list - but these are buzzwords to look for dissection.
Rho (D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) - an anti - RhD IgG antibody - prevents generation of RhD- specific memory B cells in the mother.
Granulosa cells
Ductus epididymis - Which is lined by pseudostratified epithelium with stereocilia.

34. What form of sunlight is the most carcinogenic?
Ultraviolet B (UVB) sunlight
Diverticulosis
Parvovirus B-19
Reverse transcriptase

35. Name the eukaryotic DNA polymerase based on the following information: x Replicates mitochondrial DNA
DNA polymerase -?
Enterohemorhagic Escherichia coli
Nucleus ambiguus - resulting in the uvula deviating away from the side of the lesion.
Listeria monocytogenes

36. What is the valence of an Ig molecule equal to?
The number of Ags that the Ab can bind
Antimicrobial agents
Down syndrome (trisomy 21)
Duodenum

37. What is the end product of purine catabolism?
Fluconazole
Hairy cell leukemia
Ixodes (also the vector for Lyme disease)
Uric acid

38. What component of the inner ear x Contains endolymph and responds to head turning and movement?
Childhood
Estrogen can result in a hypercoagulable state because of the decrease in AT III and increase in factors II - VII - IX - and X.
Semicircular duct
1. C5a 2. Leukotriene B4 3. IL-8 4. Bacterial peptides

39. What mineral deficiency in children is associated with poor growth and impaired sexual development?
Zinc (Zn) deficiency
G0 phase
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
Thrombus

40. Name the hypochromic microcytic anemia based on the following laboratory values - Normal iron - TIBC - percent saturation - and ferritin
2 ATPs - via the amino acyl tRNA synthase enzyme
Thalassemia minor
Chronic rejection
Pirenzepine

41. Which chromosome is associated with MHC genes?
Reverse transcriptase
Poxvirus replicates its DNA in the cytoplasm.
Trypsin
Chromosome 6

42. What form of hemophilia is X- linked recessive and is due to a deficiency in factor IX?
Hemophilia B
PCR
Keloid
Priapism

43. The ___________ of the urinary bladder and the urethra are embryologic hindgut derivatives.
epithelial lining
Although both pathways are associated with disinhibition - the indirect basal ganglia pathway is associated with a decreased level of cortical excitation.
Androgen - binding protein
Gubernaculum

44. Which anticonvulsant is used in the treatment of bipolar disorder and neuropathic pain?
Gabapentin
Denial
Varicella
Job syndrome

45. What cycle is responsible for converting to glucose in the liver the lactate produced in the RBCs?
Intrinsic. The extrinsic pathway is activated by the release of tissue factors.
Cori cycle
T9
Clonidine

46. Hereditary angioneurotic edema (AD) produces local edema in organs (e.g. - GI - skin - respiratory tract). What enzyme deficiency causes increased capillary permeability due to a release of vasoactive peptides?
C1 esterase inhibitor (C1INH)
MGB (think EARS)
Flutamide
Alzheimer disease

47. What is the most common cancer diagnosed in men? In women?
BPH
Metabolic alkalosis (summary: high pH - low H+ and high HCO3-)
In men it is prostate cancer - and in women it is breast cancer.
Reject it

48. If the pH is low with increased CO2 levels and decreased HCO3- levels - What is the acid - base disturbance?
Medial rectus (CN III) (LR6 SO4)3
Combined metabolic and respiratory acidosis
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
Transference. When it is from the physician to the patient it is called countertransference.

49. What are the five F's associated with gallstones?
Radial Immuno Diffusion (RID) for Ig levels.
A positive PPD skin test
Tryptophan
1. Fat 2. Forty 3. Female 4. Familial 5. Fertile

50. What fat - soluble vitamin is connected to selenium metabolism?
Hydralazine - isoniazid - and procainamide (HIP)
Vitamin E
Proteus
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid