Test your basic knowledge |

USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What enzyme is inhibited by disulfiram?
Atrial contraction Atrial - Contraction - Venous
Herpes virus
CN V1 - the occulomotor division of the trigeminal nerve - is the sensory component of the corneal reflex.
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

2. What antiepileptic agent has SIADH as a side effect?
Superior
Filiform papillae
Carbamazepine
Coxsackie B

3. What two PGs are used to induce labor?
PGE2 and PGF2a
Stapedius muscle
Eosin
Shigella

4. Is spousal abuse a mandatory reportable offense?
Masochism
Clostridium botulinum
Estrogen can result in a hypercoagulable state because of the decrease in AT III and increase in factors II - VII - IX - and X.
No - it is not a mandatory reportable offense (if you can believe it). Child and elderly abuse are mandatory reportable offenses.

5. At what stage of cognitive development (according to Piaget) do children x See death as irreversible?
Concrete operations (6-12 years)
Rhinovirus
The mouth
The raphe nuclei

6. Name the most common type or cause - Infantile bacterial diarrhea
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (Rotavirus is the MCC overall.)
Succinyl CoA
Zero correlation
Serratia

7. What chemical can be dangerous if you work in the aerospace industry or in nuclear plants?
Primary hypoaldosteronism (Addison's disease)
Conidia
CN IX
Beryllium

8. Using Laplace's relationship regarding wall tension - why is the wall tension in an aneurysm greater than in the surrounding normal blood vessel's wall?
Borderline
Streptococcus viridans
Convergence
The wall tension is greater because the aneurysm has a greater radius than the surrounding vessel.

9. Does physiologic splitting of the first heart sound occur during inspiration or expiration? Why?
AT II
Splitting of the first heart sound occurs during inspiration because of the increased output of the right ventricle - delaying the closure of the pulmonic valve.
5 years old
embranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)

10. What is the only tongue muscle innervated by CN X?
Chi - square (when you are in doubt and have nominal data - use chi - square)
Palatoglossus muscle is innervated by CN X; all other tongue muscles are innervated by CN XII.
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance No - they can be skipped - repeated - and completed out of sequence.
Posterior

11. What is the term for the inherent ability to induce a specific immune response?
Squamous cell carcinoma (skin - lung) and angiosarcoma of the liver
Lente or NPH insulin (neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin)
TSH. 5- HT and prolactin increase during sleep - and dopamine levels decrease during sleep.
Immunogenicity; antigenicity refers to Ab/lymphocyte reaction to a specific substance.

12. More Ag is needed to produce a ____________ than a first immune response.
GP IIb/IIIa - Which is why GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors are used in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes
ALA dehydrogenase and ferrochelatase
In bone; nearly 99% of Ca2+ is stored in the bone as hydroxyapatite.
secondary immune response

13. Name the phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle: x Period of cellular growth (translation and transcription) after DNA synthesis
G2 phase (gap 2)
Sorbitol (resulting in cataracts)
Avidity. There is a positive correlation between valence numbers and avidity.
Puberty

14. What DNA viral disease is associated with aplastic crisis in patients with sickle cell anemia?
Parvovirus B-19
Escherichia coli
Cardiac output
Parasympathetics (parasympathetics point - sympathetics shoot)

15. What two lysosomal storage diseases have cherry- red spots on the retina?
Niemann - Pick and Tay- Sachs diseases
The fastigial nucleus
Accommodation
Pertussis toxin

16. What disease is diagnosed by findings of ANAs and anti - SCL-70 antibodies?
Creutzfeldt - Jakob's disease. Patients first develop vague somatic complaints and anxiety - rapidly followed by dysarthria - myoclonus - ataxia - and choreoathetosis.
The energy of activation (Ea)
Scleroderma
Pseudomonas

17. What type of test asks a patient to draw a scene - attempting to find out the individual's unconscious perceptions in his or her life?
11- Beta - Hydroxylase deficiency results in excess production of 11- deoxycorticosterone - a weak mineralocorticoid. It increases BP - Na+ - and ECF volume along with production of adrenal androgens.
Metaproterenol and albuterol
Projective drawing. The artistic form is irrelevant - but the size - placement - erasures - and distortions are relevant.
Vitamin B6

18. Can a physician commit a patient?
Small cell carcinoma (oat cell)
NO!! Remember - only a judge can commit a patient. A physician can detain a patient (maximum is for 48 hours).
Spleen
TTP; thrombocytopenia with megathrombocytes is more characteristic of ITP.

19. What is the male - to - female ratio for committing suicide?
Water
M:F 4:1 committing - but M:F ratio of attempts is 1:3 (males commit more but females try it more)
Functionally they are part of the left lobe of the liver because they receive their blood supply from the left hepatic artery. Anatomically they are considered part of the right lobe of the liver.
Type I hypersensitivity (anaphylactic)

20. Describe the organism based on the following information: x Beta - Hemolytic Streptococcus; positive cAMP test; hydrolyzes hippurate
RNA polymerase III
Penicillamine - EDTA (calcium disodium edetate) - or dimercaprol
In eukaryotes transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm.
Streptococcus agalactiae

21. What right - to - left shunt occurs when the aorta opens into the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk opens into the left ventricle?
Diazoxide
Transposition of the great vessels arises from a failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to grow in a spiral.
Resistance increases as resistors are added to the circuit.
Melatonin - serotonin - and CCK

22. What form of GN is characteristically associated with crescent formation?
If a carboxyl group is the R group - it is acidic; if an amino group is the R group - it is said to be basic.
Pneumococcus
Spermatogonia (type A)
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN)

23. What abdominal muscle contributes to the anterior layer of the rectus sheath - forms the inguinal ligament - and in men gives rise to the external spermatic fascia of the spermatic cord?
They are all formed by the fifth month of fetal life.
Birth defects - low birth weight (< 1500 g) with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) - and SIDS
50%. The uncles and older siblings are the most likely perpetrators - although stepfathers also have a high rate.
External abdominal oblique

24. What is the term for thymic induction of T cells with high - affinity Ag receptors for self that are programmed to undergo apoptosis?
During REM sleep
Negative selection. This helps to prevent autoimmune diseases.
Metabolic rate and alveolar ventilation (main factor)
Fixed ratio (rewards set behaviors)

25. Leukopenia - neutropenia - and mental deterioration are signs of what mineral deficiency?
Low interstitial free Ca2+ concentrations
Stimulus control
Parasympathetic
Copper

26. What muscle or muscles are innervated by the following nerves? - Long thoracic nerve
1. Decrease alpha -1 activity 2. Increase Beta -2 activity 3. Increase ACh levels
Chromosome 19
Aspartate and carbomoyl PO4
Serratus anterior

27. Is the following description characteristic of competitive or noncompetitive antagonists: parallel shift to the right on a dose - response curve - complete reversibility with increase of the dose of the agonist drug - and capacity to decrease the pot
G0 phase
Staphylococcus aureus
The internal laryngeal nerve supplies sensory information from above the vocal cords while the recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies sensory information below.
Competitive antagonist

28. Name the area of the cerebral cortex affected by the description of the effects - symptoms - and results of the lesion - Apathy - aggression - inability to learn new material - and memory problems
Listeria monocytogenes
Superior colliculus (Remember S for Superior and Sight). The inferior colliculus processes auditory information from both ears.
Hypoglycemia for secretion and hyperglycemia for inhibition
Limbic system

29. Macro - ovalocytes in the peripheral blood smear are formed From what cell in the bone marrow?
Congenital heart disease
Megaloblasts
Prostatic carcinoma
Jejunum (upper)

30. What is the name of the tumor when gastric carcinoma spreads to the ovaries?
In bone; nearly 99% of Ca2+ is stored in the bone as hydroxyapatite.
catalase - negative
Krukenberg tumor
relaxation

31. What IL is essential for lymphoid cell development?
Copper
Norm reference (i.e. - 75% of the students in the class will pass)
IL-7 (A 7 upside down is an L; L is for Lymphoid)
CN XI - vertebral arteries

32. Which streptococcal species is associated with dental caries and infective endocarditis in patients with poor oral hygiene?
HMG- CoA reductase
Streptococcus viridans
Allopurinol
Disorganized schizophrenia

33. What hereditary bone disorder is due to decreased osteoclast function - resulting in thick - sclerotic bones that fracture easily?
Osteopetrosis (Albers - Sch
Streptococci
Afferent pupillary defect (CN II lesion); in an efferent pupillary defect (CN III) - B/L constrict when light is shined in the unaffected eye and consentual pupil constriction occurs when light is shined in the affected eye.
Depression

34. To what viral family does the polio virus belong?
Parkinson's disease
Picornaviridae
The rate of Beta- oxidation
Streptococci

35. What are the four types of signaling mechanisms?
HBcAb IgG - HBV- DNA - HBeAg - HBsAg
1. Intracellular receptors 2. Membrane receptors 3. Enzymes 4. Intracellular effectors
Isocitrate dehydrogenase - a - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase - and malate dehydrogenase
Osteopetrosis (Albers - Sch

36. Name the antidote - Carbon monoxide (CO)
Mural infarct
Nucleus pulposus
Oxygen
Hypospadia

37. Name the cancer associated with the following chemical agents. (Some may have more than one answer.) x Aromatic amines and azo dyes
Chief cells
NSAIDs
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Agents that decrease ACh function reduce tremors and rigidity - not bradykinesias.

38. What hormone - stimulated by epinephrine - results in an increase in lipolysis?
Onset of bleeding
Hormone - sensitive lipase - Which breaks down triglyceride into glycerol and free fatty acid
ASA
Rhabdovirus

39. What are known as jumping genes?
Transposons
Operon
Selective erectile disorder
H 2

40. What is the most common one? - Eye tumor in children
APocrinE glands (APES is my memory aid) Axilla - Areola - and Anus all begin with A. APES are hairy (associated with hair follicles). They smell (odor production) - and if confronted by an APE - your Adrenergic nervous system would be firing (innerva
Retinoblastoma
Lead
Borderline

41. What vascular tumor associated with von Hippel - Lindau syndrome involves the cerebellum - brainstem - spinal cord - and retina?
Hemangioblastoma
Adrenarche
Clonidine
Congenital heart disease

42. What aphasia is seen as an inability to comprehend spoken language and speaking in a word salad?
Receptive aphasia is due to a lesion in Brodmann areas 22 - 39 - and 40; generally the patient is unaware of the deficit.
Estrogen; the first 14 days of the female reproductive cycle mark the proliferative phase.
At least 15%
Posterior chamber

43. If one event precludes another event - their probabilities are combined By what method?
Major
Addition (They are mutually exclusive.)
Alcohol consumption
Macula densa

44. What disorder is described as having x Conscious symptoms with conscious motivation?
Sertoli cell
Leptospira
Malingering
Salmonella typhi

45. What slow - growing primary CNS tumor that affects mostly females is associated with psammoma bodies?
Increases
Meningioma
Gastric cancer
Thyroid hormones

46. What syndrome is associated with the following brainstem lesions? - Contralateral corticospinal and medial lemniscus tract deficits and an ipsilatera medial strabismus secondary to a lesion in CN VI
Ileum
Eosin
Medial pontine syndrome
Permanent

47. What type of scheduled reinforcement states that after a desired response - the reinforcement is given x Varying in the number of responses?
Concentration gradient
Variable ratio If it is based on time - it is an interval - and if it is based on the number of responses - it is a ratio.
Cleft palate
PCT

48. By What age should children be able to draw the following figures? - Rectangle
Clostridium perfringens
They are preganglionic sympathetic axons. They are white because they are myelinated.
4.5 years old (Alphabetic order except with a diamond last: circle - cross - rectangle - square - triangle)
Cardiac muscle

49. What two veins form the portal vein?
Wilson disease
Apoptosis (Remember - there is a lack of inflammatory response.)
The superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein (after it receives the inferior mesenteric vein) join to form the portal vein.
Creatinine

50. What drug causes a sixfold increase in schizophrenia - can impair motor activity - and can cause lung problems?
Cytochrome c
Marijuana
Citrate - via the citrate shuttle
HMP shunt