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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. What nucleus supplies the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary ganglion?
Edinger - Westphal nucleus (via CN III)
No - it is not a mandatory reportable offense (if you can believe it). Child and elderly abuse are mandatory reportable offenses.
HMG CoA synthase
Separation anxiety

2. What disease is described by bilateral flaccid weakness of the upper limbs (LMN) and bilateral spastic weakness of the lower limbs (UMN) beginning at the cervical level of the spinal cord and progressing up or down the cord?

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3. What type of fiber or fibers are carried in (answer motor - sensory - or both) x Dorsal rami?
Toxic dose for 50% of drug takers (median toxic dose)
Megaloblasts
Both
VIP is an inhibitory parasympathetic neurotransmitter that results in relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter.

4. What autoimmune liver disease is characterized by affecting a middle - aged woman with jaundice - pruritus - fatigue - xanthomas - increased direct bilirubin levels - and antimitochondrial Abs?
Puberty
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Ephedrine
Isovolumetric contraction

5. What intermediate enables propionyl CoA to enter into the TCA cycle?
Negative
Foramen of Monro
The courts. These are legal - not medical terms.
Succinyl CoA

6. What is the name of the hypothesis you are trying to prove?
Alternative hypothesis (What is left after the null has been defined)
Pancreatic delta - cell tumors inhibit CCK secretion
1. Glucose 2. Amino acid (arginine) 3. Gastrin inhibitory peptide (GIP) 4. Glucagon 5. Beta- Agonists 6. ACh
Ribozymes

7. Name the associated chromosomal translocation - Burkitt lymphoma
Chromosome 8 - 14
Allograft
Schistosoma have separate males and females.
Water

8. On the venous pressure curve - What do the following waves represent? - C wave?
Dopamine antagonists
Estrogen can result in a hypercoagulable state because of the decrease in AT III and increase in factors II - VII - IX - and X.
Ventricular contraction Atrial - Contraction - Venous
Kawasaki disease

9. What muscle laterally rotates the femur to unlock the knee?
Parietal cells (Remember - they secrete HCl - too.)
16S subunit
Popliteus
Labile

10. A patient can ______ a feeding tube.
Carbonic anhydrase
Doxacurium
refuse
Axis V

11. What platelet disorder is characteristically seen in children following a bout of gastroenteritis with bloody diarrhea?
Paget disease of the breast
Urachus
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Cystadenocarcinoma

12. What negative sense RNA virus is associated with cough - coryza - and conjunctivitis with photophobia?
Hirschsprung's disease (colonic gangliosus)
Measles (rubeola)
Thymus - independent Ags
Erythromycin

13. Which hepatitis virus is in the Flaviviridae family?
Thalassemia minor
CN IX - X - and XII
Hepatitis C
Rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes (with HLA- DR3)

14. Which hepatitis virus is in the Picornaviridae family?
Hepatitis A
Macula densa
Klinefelter syndrome
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis due to hypertrophy of the muscularis externa - resulting in a narrowed pyloric outlet

15. What two vessels in fetal circulation have the highest PO2 levels?
Superior vena cava
Umbilical vein and ductus venosus (80%)
PKU
PRPP aminotransferase

16. What enzyme does HIV use to integrate the proviral dsDNA into the host?
Methanol
Integrase
Amanita phalloides
Negative selection. This helps to prevent autoimmune diseases.

17. What is the term for any stimulus that increases the probability of a response happening?
GABA and glutamic acid
Reinforcement
Rho-immunoglobin
Ego

18. Can incidence - prevalence - and cause and effect be assessed in x Cross - sectional studies?
Auspitz sign
K1 capsule
Erythromycin
Cross - sectional studies determine prevalence - not incidence or cause and effect.

19. Name the thalamic nucleus based on its input and output - Input from the amygdala - prefrontal cortex - and temporal lobe; output to the prefrontal lobe and the cingulated gyrus
Clostridium tetani
Medial nuclear group (limbic system)
Spermatogonia (type B)
Ciliary ganglion

20. What vitamin is necessary for the transfer of one amino group from a carbon skeleton to another?
Silicosis - Coal worker's pneumoconiosis is synonymous with black lung disease - an upper lobe occupational disorder
Pyridoxal phosphate is derived from vitamin B6 and is needed to transfer the amino groups of one carbon skeleton to another.
The splenic vein
1. IgA receptor 2. Transport of IgA across epithelial barriers 3. Protection of IgA from degradative proteases

21. What structure of the knee is described thus? - Prevents posterior displacement and has medial - to - lateral attachment on the tibia
Posterior cruciate ligament
Erythromycin
Heterochromatin - the light stuff in the nucleus on an electron microscope image.
The courts. These are legal - not medical terms.

22. What disorder is associated with spider angiomas - palmar erythema - gynecomastia - testicular atrophy - encephalopathy - abnormalities in clotting factors - and portal HTN?
G1 phase; G2 and S phase are diploid (2N).
Hapten; if it is coupled with a carrier - it may become immunogenic.
Cirrhosis
Decrease in surface area and increase in membrane thickness (Palv O2 > PaO2)

23. Which bacteria are associated with the following pigment production? - Yellow pigmentation
Staphylococcus aureus
Proud flesh
Stable (Labile cells proliferate throughout life; stable cells have a low level of proliferation; and permanent cells as the name states - do not proliferate.)
Class IV

24. What is the first branch of the abdominal artery?
REM sleep. Remember - awake brain in a sleeping body.
Inferior phrenic artery
Listeria monocytogenes
Ethacrynic acid

25. How many ATPs are hydrolyzed every time a skeletal muscle cross - bridge completes a single cycle?
9 kcal/g from fat metabolism; 4 kcal/g from both CHO and protein metabolism
Vmax
One - and it provides the energy for mechanical contraction.
Respiratory alkalosis (summary: low CO2 - low H+ - slightly low HCO3-)

26. What are the five effects of insulin on fat metabolism?
1. Increased glucose uptake by fat cells 2. Increased triglyceride uptake by fat cells 3. Increased conversion of CHOs into fat 4. Decreased lipolysis in fat tissue 5. Decreased ketone body formation
Gout
Parasympathetic
Estradiol

27. What sweat gland type is associated with odor production and hair follicles and is found in the axilla?
Oblique fissure
Extinction
Chromomycosis
APocrinE glands (APES is my memory aid) Axilla - Areola - and Anus all begin with A. APES are hairy (associated with hair follicles). They smell (odor production) - and if confronted by an APE - your Adrenergic nervous system would be firing (innerva

28. What organ functions to keep blood glucose levels normal through both well - fed and fasting states and produces ketones in response to increased fatty acid oxidation?
Klatskin tumor
Liver
Mercury
Squamous cell carcinoma

29. Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: x Optic canal
The one start codon - AUG - in eukaryotes codes for methionine and in prokaryotes formylmethionine.
CN II and ophthalmic artery
No - unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds.
Labioscrotal swelling

30. What cerebral vessel size is affected in patients with vascular dementia?
Small to medium - sized cerebral vessels
Pick's disease
The onset of symptoms for Neisseria gonorrhea conjunctivitis is 2 to 5 days - whereas onset of symptoms for Chlamydia trachomatis is 5 to 10 days.
Diverticulosis

31. What four substances increase the rate of gluconeogenesis?
20:1T4T3. There is an increase in the production of T3 when iodine becomes deficient.
1. Glucagon 2. NADH 3. Acetyl CoA 4. ATP
Right medial longitudinal fasciculus
Parvovirus B 19

32. What is the term for days 1 to 7 of the female cycle?
Vesicular stomatitis virus
Infrapatellar bursa
Menses
Norm reference (i.e. - 75% of the students in the class will pass)

33. What region or regions of the adrenal cortex are stimulated by ACTH?
Schistosoma haematobium
Zona fasciculata and zona reticularis
Acetyl CoA carboxylase
Fungiform papillae

34. What cell of the male reproductive system produces testosterone?
Adrenarche
The pulmonary vein - which carries oxygenated blood from the lung to the left atrium.
Leydig cells produce testosterone. LH stimulates Leydig cells. (Both start with L.)
Macrophages

35. Which anticonvulsant is also used in the treatment of bipolar disorder and for migraine headaches?
Valproic acid
Clozapine
Mesolimbic system
Ciliary ganglion

36. What three cells are essential for T- cell maturation?
>15 mm
Thymic epithelial cells - dendritic cells - and macrophages
IL-7 (A 7 upside down is an L; L is for Lymphoid)
True hermaphrodism

37. What vitamin is necessary for epithelial health?
Vitamin A is responsible for vision and epithelial health.
Posterior cruciate ligament
Alzheimer disease
Transcortical aphasia

38. Are modified skeletal muscle fibers. They are the sensory component of the stretch reflexes.
Muscle spindles
C1 through C4
Herpes I
Clear cell

39. What vitamin requires IF for absorption?
5' deiodinase
Lumbar splanchnics
Cyanocobalamin (B12)
Patent urachus

40. Name the cancer associated with the following oncogenes. (Some may have more than one answer) x Ki - ras
Ventral anterior nucleus
Maxillary artery
Pneumococcus
Pancreas and colon

41. What component of an ECG is associated with the following? - Conduction delay in the AV node
3 months of symptoms in 2 consecutive years
Down syndrome (it is slightly more common than fragile X syndrome.)
PR interval
Schizotypal

42. What is the term for the same results achieved again on testing a subject a second or third time?
Uricosuric
Labile
Major basic protein
Test - retest reliability

43. What lysosomal enzyme is deficient in x Niemann - Pick disease?
Sphingomyelinase
Isovolumetric contraction
Fossa ovale
Cause - specific mortality rate

44. When is the surface tension the greatest in the respiratory cycle?
Chromosome 4p
Haemophilus influenzae type B
Five pairs through five lumbar vertebrae. Totaling 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
Surface tension - the force to collapse the lung - is greatest at the end of inspiration.

45. Males are more likely to develop _______ than females.
Cori cycle
Giant cell bone tumor (osteoclastoma)
Femoral hernias
Lesch - Nyhan syndrome

46. Does ELISA or Western blot confirm whether a patient is HIV- positive?
Type I error (alpha error). (Remember it as saying something works when it doesn't.) The chance of a type I error occurring is the P value.
ELISA screens and Western blot confirms the diagnosis.
Sheehan syndrome
Duct cells secrete HCO3- - electrolytes - and water. The acini secrete the enzymes necessary for carbohydrate - nucleic acid - protein cleavage - and emulsification of fats.

47. What is the renal compensation mechanism for acidosis?
CD8+ T cells
Estrogens are 18- carbon steroids. (Removal of one carbon from an androgen produces an estrogen.)
Production of HCO3- - shifting the reaction to the left and thereby decreasing H+
Streptococcus viridans

48. In what stage of sleep is GH secreted?
Benign lentigo
Stages 3 and 4 (NREM)
Cytochrome c
Pseudogout

49. What enzyme is deficient in alkaptonuria?
Atracurium
LTB4
Third week
Homogentisic oxidase

50. What hormone causes milk letdown?
Muscle glycogen phosphorylase
Cut down (ever tried and failed?) Annoyed (criticism makes angry?) Guilty (about drinking behavior?) Eye opener (drinking to shake out the cobwebs?)
Oxytocin
RES(Reticular endothelial system)