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USMLE Step 1 Prep

Subjects : health-sciences, usmle-step-1

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Which chromosome is associated with MHC genes?
14 days in most women (Remember - the luteal phase is always constant.)
Chromosome 6
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Insulin increases total body stores of protein - fat - and CHOs. When you think insulin - you think storage.

2. Name the cancer associated with the following chemical agents. (Some may have more than one answer.) x Arsenic
Squamous cell carcinoma (skin - lung) and angiosarcoma of the liver
Excess estradiol in the blood
Kl
Stage 3 and 4 most commonly. It can occur at any stage in the sleep cycle and is usually associated with a major stressor being introduced into the home.

3. What statistical method do you use when analyzing x Case control studies?
Amylase hydrolyzes alpha -1 - 4- glucoside linkages - forming alpha - limit dextrins - maltotriose - and maltose.
Odds ratio. (Case control studies deal with prevalence.)
1. Neisseria meningitidis 2. Haemophilus influenzae 3. Streptococcus pneumoniae
Free - unprocessed Ag

4. What is the most common one? - Site for carcinoid tumors
Appendix (second is terminal ileum)
Caput medusa - internal hemorrhoids - esophageal varices - retroperitoneal varices - and splenomegaly
Plasmodium vivax
Case fatality rate

5. Is a nicotinic receptor agonist.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Melatonin. It is a light - sensitive hormone that is associated with sleepiness.
Inactivated
Succinylcholine

6. Use of an outlet for emotions (stuff flows downhill).
Metaphase of meiosis II (in the oocyte of the graafian follicle)
Light regulates the activity of the pineal gland via the retinal - suprachiasmatic - pineal pathway.
Reverse transcriptase
Displacement

7. What type of fiber or fibers are carried in (answer motor - sensory - or both) x Dorsal root?
Sensory
Yes - as long the illness does not threaten limb or life. If illness is critical or an emergency - treat the child.
Zanamivir and oseltamivir
Budd - Chiari syndrome

8. What AR disorder is due to a deficiency in glycoprotein IIb - IIIa - resulting in a defect in platelet aggregation?
<2
Flumazenil
Niclosamide
Glanzmann syndrome

9. What three major cell lines participate in the acquired immune system?
Afferent arteriole
T cells - B cells - and macrophages
Yes. The only civil liberty they lose is the freedom to come and go as they please.
Right coronary artery

10. What cells of the retina see in black and white and are used for night vision?
Rods
Birth defects - low birth weight (< 1500 g) with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) - and SIDS
IgG4
Pia mater

11. Is an excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS.
Reinforcement
Tetralogy of Fallot
Decreases
Dopamine

12. Which drugs bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit and interfere with the initiation complex - causing a misreading of mRNA?
Aminoglycosides
Renal circulation
Osteogenesis imperfecta
The ECF compartment always enlarges when there is a net gain in total body water and decreases when there is a loss of total body water. Hydration status is named in terms of the ECF compartment.

13. What type of correlation is defined as x Two variables with no linear relation to one another?
Zero correlation
Eclipse period
28 L - 40% of body weight
Yes - by three to four times. Having multiple sexual partners - being overweight - and pelvic pain and/or inflammatory disorders are also likely to be seen in sexually abused females.

14. What is the term for the load a muscle is trying to move during stimulation?
Afterload
Alzheimer disease
Cysticerci
Long - term memory is impaired in hippocampal lesions; it is spared in medial temporal lobe lesions.

15. What is the term for a direct connection between the intestine and the external environment through the umbilicus because the vitelline duct persists?
Superior and middle
Vitelline fistula
Spasms of the uterus - bladder - and the biliary tree occur with all of the opioids except meperidine.
Capillary flow and pressure increase with arteriolar dilation and decrease with arteriolar constriction.

16. Is there a difference between mathematical and clinical steady states? If so - What are their values (half - lives)?
Both are AR with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia - but Dubin - Johnson syndrome is differentiated from Rotor by the black pigmentation of the liver.
There is a difference; it takes about 7 to 8 half - lives to reach mathematical steady state and 4 to 5 half - lives to reach clinical steady state.
Osteosarcoma
Pituitary adenoma

17. Orphan Annie cells
Pompe's disease
Grasp proceeds release
Papillary carcinoma of the ovary
Dihydrofolate reductase

18. What are the two factors that affect alveolar PCO2 levels?
Metabolic rate and alveolar ventilation (main factor)
C3a - C4a - C5a
Omega -3 fatty acids
Pygmalion effect (experimenter expectancy). This can be eliminated with double - blind studies.

19. Name the most common type or cause - Sinusitis and otitis media in children
Membrane conductance (think conductance = channels open)
Pneumococcus
Transient ischemic attack
Diacylglycerols and phosphatidic acid

20. From What aortic arch are the following structures derived?
JC virus
Maxillary artery
Schistocytes
MEN II and III syndromes

21. What cells contribute to the blood - brain barrier and proliferate in response to CNS injury?
Astrocytes
emancipates
Transient protein C deficiency - because of its relatively short half - life - may result if warfarin is instituted alone.
Gabapentin

22. Name the type of exudate - given the following examples - Parasitic infection
In the tuberoinfundibular pathway - dopamine release will decrease prolactin release - Which is why dopamine agonists are used in the treaatment of hyperprolactinemic states.
Paradoxic emboli most commonly enter the arteries through a patent septal defect in the heart.
S phase
Eosinophilic exudates

23. What is needed to initiate translation?
IF and GTP (eIF for eukaryotes)
Proencephalon diencephalon derivative
The bifurcation of the abdominal aorta
Escherichia coli

24. RBCs anaerobically use glucose in both the __________ states.
well - fed and fasting
Stratum lucidum
31 pairs
Beta2- integrins

25. What hemoflagellate species is the cause of Chagas disease?
Neisseria meningitidis
Trypanosoma cruzi
Conjugated (direct) hyperbilirubinemia
VSD

26. Name the primary vesicle the following structures are derived from (proencephalon - mesencephalon - or rhombencephalon) - Pons
Rhombencephalon
Flumazenil
Trimethoprim
CD16 and CD56

27. In a ventricular pacemaker cell - what phase of the action potential is affected by ACh?
Total lung capacity (TLC)
ELISA test
Phase 4; ACh hyperpolarizes the cell via increasing potassium conductance - taking longer to reach threshold and slowing the rate of firing.
Thymus gland. (Thymus gland is essential for T cell maturation.)

28. What immunologic test checks for a reaction between Abs and a particular Ag? (hint: ABO typing)
Macula densa
Type IV hypersensitivity (cell - mediated)
Axis I
Agglutination test

29. What slow - growing primary CNS tumor that affects mostly females is associated with psammoma bodies?
Paget disease of the breast
Meningioma
Hypervariable region
Constriction of efferent arteriole

30. Name the neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junctions for all of the voluntary muscles in the body.
ACh; think about the ANS.
a - Methyldopa (Guanabenz or clonidine is also used.)
1. Increased synthesis and secretion of oxytocin 2. Increased release of PIF by the hypothalamus 3. Inhibition of GnRH (suppressing FSH/LH) 4. Milk secretion
Neutrophils - eosinophils - and basophils

31. What urinary metabolite is elevated in pheochromocytoma?
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)
M 1 and nicotinic receptors are excitatory in the CNS and M 2 receptor is inhibitory.
Stretch receptors prevent overdistension of the lungs during inspiration.
1. Bunyavirus 2. Orthomyxovirus 3. Arenavirus 4. Reovirus Remember BOAR

32. Which hepatitis B serology markers
Coxsackie A
Fixed interval
HBsAb IgG
Day 14

33. What HIV enzyme produces a dsDNA provirus?
Phenylalanine hydroxylase
Reverse transcriptase
Permanent
Schatzki ring

34. Name the cancer associated with the following oncogenes. (Some may have more than one answer) x erb -1
Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
Body dysmorphic disorder
1. Low pressure in the afferent renal arteriole 2. Low sodium sensed by the macula densa 3. Increased Beta-1- sympathetic stimulation of the JG cells
MI

35. What three substances stimulate glycogenolysis?
P = .05; P < .05 rejects the null hypothesis
Neuroblastoma
1. Ca2+ : calmodulin ratio 2. Epinephrine 3. Glucagon
Tourette's syndrome; it is usually first reported by teachers as ADHD with symptoms of obsessive - compulsive disorder and learning disabilities.

36. Name these immature defense mechanisms: x Taking others' beliefs - thoughts - and external stimuli and making them part of the self. (Hint: if it's done consciously - it is called imitation.)
Down syndrome (it is slightly more common than fragile X syndrome.)
Concentration force and electrical force
Introjection (a sports fan is a good example)
CN X

37. Which two tetracyclines have the highest plasma binding?
Coxiella burnetii
Urinary trigone
Doxycycline and minocycline
Aspartate transcarbamylase

38. What disorder is due to a deficiency in the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase?
Yes. (Remember - Jehovah's witnesses refuse blood transfusions.)
HBeAb
Internal carotid artery
PKU

39. What family do the following viruses belong to? - Rabies
The systemic veins have the largest blood volume - and the pulmonary veins have the second largest blood volume in the cardiovascular system. They represent the reservoirs of circulation.
Prostatic carcinoma
Rhabdovirus
Respiratory depression

40. What happens to capillary oncotic pressure with dehydration?
Transvestite fetishism
DNA polymerase -?
Early collecting duct
Oncotic pressure increases because of the removal of water.

41. Lack platelets.
Beta- Endorphin
Graves disease
The Fc region of IgG and C3b
Blood clots

42. What selective Cox-2 inhibitor should be avoided in patients with a history of sulfonamide allergy?
Cyclothymia (nonpsychotic bipolar). Patients are ego syntonic.
Insulin increases total body stores of protein - fat - and CHOs. When you think insulin - you think storage.
Celecoxib
1. Glucose from liver glycogen 2. Glucose from gluconeogenesis 3. Body protein 4. Body fat

43. What is the name for the following RBC indices? - The coefficient of variation of the RBC volume
give a warning
Red blood cell distribution width index (RDW)
The number of cross - bridges cycling during contraction: the greater the number - the greater the force of contraction.
Oblique fissure

44. What is the term for gastric ulcers associated with increased intracranial pressure?

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45. What AD disease is associated with chromosome 4p; does not present until the person is in his or her 30s; and involves atrophy of the caudate nucleus - dilatation of the lateral and third ventricles - and signs of extrapyramidal lesions?
Huntington disease
Hydatidiform mole
Ventricular fibrillation (V fib)
Facial expression (the second is vocal intonation)

46. What is the term for a complete aversion to all sexual contact?
Kidney
Sexual aversion disorder
Radius with scaphoid and lunate and ulna with triquetrum and pisiform (Remember - for major articulations - wrist/radius and humerus/ulna = elbow)
Low average

47. What enzyme catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate and produces the TCA cycle intermediate a - ketoglutarate?
Anticentromere Abs
Kayser - Fleischer ring
Acetaminophen
Glutamate dehydrogenase

48. What neuroleptic agent causes agranulocytosis but does not induce tardive dyskinesia?
Fructose; both glucose and galactose are actively absorbed via secondary active transport.
Clozapine
Both are AR with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia - but Dubin - Johnson syndrome is differentiated from Rotor by the black pigmentation of the liver.
Eosin

49. What form of bias is due to false estimates of survival rates?

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50. Do you monitor heparin's therapeutic levels by PT or PTT?
CN IV
Heparin - intrinsic pathway - PTT; warfarin - extrinsic pathway - PT (mnemonic: hPeT - wPiTT)
Folic acid
Decrease in surface area and increase in membrane thickness (Palv O2 > PaO2)