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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE Step 1 Prep
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. What AD disease associated with chromosome 19 involves a defect in the LDL receptors that leads to skin and tendon xanthomas?
RBCs. That is why it is called red pulp.
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Visceral pleura
NE - via its vasoconstrictive action on blood vessels
2. Name the cluster B personality disorder: x Colorful - dramatic - extroverted - seductive - and unable to hold long - term relationships
Tetany
NE
Histrionic
Renal cell carcinoma
3. Name the GLUT transporter based on the following: x Found in liver and pancreatic Beta- cells
GLUT 2
TCA cycle.
Protease - integrase - and reverse transcriptase
Efficacy
4. A 20-year - old woman goes to the ER with ptosis - diplopia - weakness in her jaw muscles when chewing - and muscle weakness with repeated use. What is your diagnosis?
Parkinson disease
Myasthenia gravis
Primary follicle (in the white pulp)
Pituitary hypogonadism
5. Name the most common type or cause - Intestinal obstructions in adults
Neomycin
CN V3 and the lesser petrosal nerve
Adhesions and hernias
Chloral hydrate
6. What is the most common one? - Type of PUD
1. Sweat glands 2. Arterioles 3. Veins
Duodenal ulcers (4 times as common as gastric)
Adenovirus
Prokaryotes. Polycistronic and prokaryotes both start with P.
7. What triggers phase 3 of the action potential in a ventricular pacemaker cell?
Rapid efflux of potassium
Yes - they stimulate the growth of mammary tissue but block milk synthesis. At parturition - the decrease in estrogen lifts the block on milk production.
Osteoblast (Remember - blasts make - clasts take)
Specificity (it deals with the healthy)
8. Name the area of the cerebral cortex with the function described: x Speech; critical for personality - concentration - initiating and stopping tasks (do one thing and begin a new without completion of the first) - abstract thought - and memory and hi
Alcohol. Nearly 10% of adults have a problem with alcohol.
Staphylococcus aureus
D1 receptor; inhibition of the direct pathway occurs through the D2 receptors.
Frontal lobe
9. A patient goes to the ER with signs and symptoms of biliary colic. Which opioid analgesic do you choose?
Unconjugated free bilirubin
Carbamazepine
Gonads
Spasms of the uterus - bladder - and the biliary tree occur with all of the opioids except meperidine.
10. Name the most common cause - Insomnia
Propionibacterium acnes
Middle
Depression
Huntington's chorea; patients have chorea - athetoid movements - progressive dementia - and behavioral problems.
11. What nucleus of the hypothalamus is the satiety center - regulating food intake?
It is rare with normal grief; however - it is relatively common in depression
Temporal lobe
Ventromedial nucleus; lesions here result in obesity.
When it crosses the teres major
12. What happens to flow and pressure in capillaries with arteriolar dilation? Arteriolar constriction?
The granule cell is the only excitatory neuron in the cerebellar cortex - and it uses glutamate as its neurotransmitter. All the other cells in the cerebellum are inhibitory neurons - and they use GABA as their neurotransmitter.
Capillary flow and pressure increase with arteriolar dilation and decrease with arteriolar constriction.
Mannitol
No. It is abnormal only if it interferes with normal sexual or occupational function.
13. What happens to the following during skeletal muscle contraction? - I band
Shortens
Bronchiectasis
Class III
Dynorphin
14. What portion of the intervertebral disk is a remnant of the notochord?
Nucleus pulposus
apo B-48
Negative reinforcement
Theca cell
15. What Ig is associated with ADCC for parasites?
Coprophilia
Dimercaprol - D- penicillamine
IgE
The folding of an AA chain
16. What are the four ways to down - regulate the immune system?
Cohort studies determine incidence and causality - not prevalence.
Digoxin is renally eliminated; digitoxin is hepatically eliminated.
1. Decrease concentrations of Ag levels 2. Administer IgG in high concentrations 3. Inhibit B cells with Ag bound to IgG (complexes) 4. Turn off the original T or B cell with anti - Ab
T lymphocyte
17. A tropical fish enthusiast has granulomatous lesions and cellulitis; What is the most likely offending organism?
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
High average
Negative
Mycobacterium marinum
18. What type of hormone is described as having intracellular receptors - being synthesized as needed - mostly bound to proteins - and having its activity determined by free hormone levels?
Lipid - soluble hormones are considered slow - acting hormones.
Positive reinforcement
Liver - kidney - and GI epithelium
Antisocial personality
19. What virus is associated with the endemic form of Burkitt lymphoma?
EBV
Prolactinoma
Duodenum
Fibrocystic change of the breast
20. Name the primary vesicle the following structures are derived from (proencephalon - mesencephalon - or rhombencephalon) - Diencephalon
Vitamin K deficiency has normal bleeding time and increased PT - and vitamin C deficiency has increased bleeding time and normal PT.
secondary immune response
Proencephalon
RNA polymerase II
21. What is the term to describe the increased rate of secretion of adrenal androgens at the onset of puberty?
Tourette's syndrome; it is usually first reported by teachers as ADHD with symptoms of obsessive - compulsive disorder and learning disabilities.
Dendrites receive information - whereas axons send information.
Adrenarche
Cause - specific mortality rate
22. During What embryonic week does the intraembryonic coelom form?
Fibrocystic change of the breast
G-6- PD deficiency
Third week
Cortisol
23. Name the type of mutation: x New codon specifies for the same AA
Plasmodium malariae; the others are tertian.
Middle
Silent
18 years old (except if emancipated)
24. What is the term for RBCs with smooth undulations on the surface of their membrane - commonly seen in uremia?
Sertoli cell
Right coronary artery
Burr cells (echinocytes)
First - pass metabolism and acid lability
25. Name the type of regeneration (i.e. - labile - stable - or permanent) based on the following examples - Hematopoietic cells
Both
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Labile
Homicide. It is also the leading cause of death in black females aged 15 to 24.
26. What paraphilia is defined as x Having a recurrent desire to expose the genitals to strangers?
Conidia
At least 15%
Without children (but don't think about this one for too long)
Exhibitionism
27. What lymphoid organ is characterized by germinal centers - plasma cells that secrete IgA - and no encapsulation?
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28. What elongation factor is inactivated by ADP ribosylation - preventing translation?
The increased H+ moves intracellularly and is buffered by K+ leaving the cells - resulting in intracellular depletion and serum excess. (Intracellular hypokalemia is the reason you supplement potassium in diabetic ketoacidosis - even though the serum
RES(Reticular endothelial system)
The sensory component is through the superior laryngeal nerve - and the motor limb is via the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
eEF-2 is the site where Pseudomonas and Diphtheria toxins work.
29. What enzyme is blocked by methotrexate/ trimethoprim?
Dihydrofolate reductase
Neutropenia - splenomegaly - and rheumatoid arthritis
Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test (NBT). It is negative in patients with CGD because there is no production of oxygen radicals.
CN V2
30. What is the term to describe homosexuals who x Are comfortable with their own person and agree with their sense of self?
Paramesonephric ducts
Fitz - Hugh - Curtis syndrome
Aortic insufficiency
Ego syntonic
31. With what disease do you see IgA deposits in small vessels of the skin and the kidneys?
Henoch - Sch
Medial meniscus
Mesonephric duct
1. Maltose 2. Maltotetrose 3. a - Limit dextrans (a -1 - 6 binding)
32. In MHC class II molecules - what chain blocks access to the peptide - binding groove during transportation within the cell - ensuring that the MHC class II- peptide complex is transported to the surface?
Choriocarcinomas and trophoblastic tumors
Simple diffusion; it does not use protein - mediated transport
Invariant chain. This is essential because the CD4 T cells have antigen receptors only for peptides bound to the MHC II molecule. (MHC restriction)
Adenovirus
33. What is the physiologically active form of Ca2+?
PGI 2
Free ionized Ca2+
PRPP aminotransferase
Rho (D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) - an anti - RhD IgG antibody - prevents generation of RhD- specific memory B cells in the mother.
34. People who believe that luck - chance - or the actions of others control their fate have an internal locus of control.
Spironolactone (binds to aldosterone receptors)
Social learning theory
Melasma
Somatomedins
35. What type of cerebral bleed is due to a rupture of a berry aneurysm in the circle of Willis?
IF
Sexual aversion disorder
Subarachnoid hematoma
Streptococcus viridans
36. What is the term for the speckled appearance of the iris in patients with Down syndrome?
Stage 2
Urogenital sinus
Brushfield spots
LTC4 and LTD4
37. What somatoform disorder is described as x Unrealistic negative opinion of personal appearance - seeing self as ugly?
Body dysmorphic disorder
Thick skin
Acute pyelonephritis
Klatskin tumor
38. What percentage of cardiac output flows through the pulmonary circuit?
100%; the percentage of blood flow through the pulmonary and systemic circulations are equal.
The venae recta maintain the gradient via countercurrent flow.
The hairpin loop made by reverse transcriptase at the 3' end of the first strand is the primer.
Skin - liver - and kidneys
39. What condition results in a strawberry gallbladder?
Gastric carcinoma
Arterioles have the largest drop - whereas the vena cava has the smallest pressure drop in systemic circulation.
Thrush
Cholesterolosis
40. If free water clearance (CH2O) is positive - What type of urine is formed? And if it is negative?
If positive - hypotonic urine (osmolarity <300 mOsm/L); if negative - hypertonic urine (osmolarity > 300 mOsm/L)>>
>10 mm
MHC class I antigens; they are also found on the surface of platelets.
Hematogenous
41. The DSM- IV- TR is scored on the basis of five axes of diagnosis. In What axis would you place x Psychosocial and environmental problems (stressors)?
Axis IV
Carnitine acyltransferase I
Ergosterol
CN III and IV
42. A 20-year - old black woman goes to you with nonspecific joint pain - fever - and a malar rash over the bridge of her nose and on her cheeks. This is a classic example of What autoimmune disease? What are three autoantibody tests you could order to m
SLE; ANA - anti - dsDNA and anti - Sm (anti - Smith)
In the cytoplasm of the presynaptic nerve terminal; it is catalyzed by choline acetyltransferase.
Cori cycle
Crigler - Najjar syndrome
43. What abdominal muscle runs horizontally - contributes to the posterior rectus sheath - and contributes to form the conjoint tendon?
1. Clavulanic acid 2. Sulbactam 3. Tazobactam
Transverse abdominis
Cocaine - induced coronary ischemia
Clostridium perfringens
44. Name the Plasmodium species based on the following information:Persistent hypnozoite liver stage with relapses; blood smear shows amoeboid trophozoites with oval - jagged infected RBCs; 48- hour fever spike pattern
Plasmodium ovale
Patau syndrome (trisomy 13)
Coxiella burnetii
For the USMLE Step 1 the answer is no - but if the information would do more harm than good - withhold. This is very rare but it does occur.
45. Fixing impulses by acting out the opposite of an unacceptable behavior
Undoing
CD21; it is a complement receptor for cleaved C3
Transference. When it is from the physician to the patient it is called countertransference.
Alveolar macrophages
46. What area of the brain is responsible for emotion - feeding - mating - attention - and memory?
The limbic system
The second pharyngeal pouch and groove
1. Fibrillary protein 2. Amyloid protein 3. Glycosaminoglycans
Massive influx of calcium
47. What syndrome is associated with the following brainstem lesions? - AICA or superior cerebellar artery occlusion - resulting in ipsilateral limb ataxia - ipsilateral facial pain and temperature loss - contralateral loss of pain and temperature to the
Lac repressor protein
Lateral pontine syndrome
Phase 1
Transposition of the great vessels arises from a failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to grow in a spiral.
48. What preganglionic sympathetic fibers are responsible for innervating the foregut and the midgut?
Buffers (remember that buffers are best when they are used in a pH range near its pK)
Thoracic splanchnic fibers
Water soluble
Type IV hypersensitivity reaction (delayed type because of the 48-96 hour latency)
49. What estrogen receptor agonist in bone is used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis?
Raloxifene
McArdle's syndrome
a1- Receptors
Ependymoma
50. What level of mental retardation is characterized by x Being self - supportive with minimal guidance and able to be gainfully employed (includes 85% of the mentally retarded)?
pI (isoelectric point)
C5- C9
Adenocarcinoma of the cervix
Mild (50-70)
Sorry!:) No result found.
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