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Test your basic knowledge |
USMLE Step 1 Prep
Start Test
Study First
Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
usmle-step-1
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Name the hypochromic microcytic anemia based on the following laboratory values - Decreased iron - percent saturation - and ferritin; increased TIBC
Hyperplasia
By causing rebound insomnia and decrease in REM sleep
Onion skinning
Iron deficiency anemia
2. What antifungal agent is used to treat dermatophyte infections by inhibiting squalene epoxidase?
Terbinafine
Cytochrome a/a3
NADPH and molecular O 2
Aedes mosquito
3. Where in the body is heme converted to bilirubin?
ASD
Ergosterol
RES(Reticular endothelial system)
3 months of symptoms in 2 consecutive years
4. Name the most common type or cause - Liver transplantation in adults
Alcoholic cirrhosis
BPH
Alcohol abuse
Nitrates
5. What five things are checked in the APGAR test?
Risk factors for cervical cancer
No - you never refuse to treat a patient simply because he or she can't pay. You are a patient advocate.
1. Skin color 2. Heart rate 3. Reflexes 4. Muscle tone 5. Respiratory rate APGAR - Appearance - Pulse - Grimace - Activity - Respiration
Mast cells
6. Name the macrophages by location: x Kidney
H2PO4- (dihydrogen phosphate)
Mesangial macrophages
Candida
TCR
7. What are the three C's of a TCAD overdose?
Id
Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis)
Coma - convulsions - and cardiotoxicity
Peyer's patch
8. Are the following responses associated with histamines H1 or H2 receptor activation? - Bronchial smooth muscle activity
Phallus
H 1
Renal cell carcinoma
Obstructive lung disorders. The opposite changes (where you see decrease exchange it for increase and vice versa) are seen in a restrictive pattern.
9. A Japanese man has weight loss - anorexia - early satiety - epigastric abdominal pain - and a palpable left supraclavicular lymph node. On endoscopy you find a large - irregular ulcer with elevated margins on the lesser curvature of the stomach. What
Metronidazole
Gastric carcinoma
HPV serotypes 16 - 18 - 31 - and 33
Extinction
10. What are the primary neurotransmitters at the following sites? - Brainstem cells
hypophosphatemia
PRPP aminotransferase
Serotonin
Pneumocystis carinii
11. Excess bone demineralization and remodeling can be detected by checking urine levels of what substance?
Lateral medullary (Wallenberg's) syndrome
Hydroxyproline (breakdown product of collagen)
Primitive ventricle
Staphylococcus aureus
12. Name the most common type or cause - Infection in a patient on a ventilator
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
1. Cefamandole 2. Cefoperazone 3. Ceftriaxone
Swan - neck deformities
GH
13. What hormone - produced by Sertoli cells - if absent would result in the formation of internal female structures?
Rubor (red) - dolor (pain) - calor (heat) - tumor (swelling); also sometimes there is loss of function
Yes. It is also a cause of cancers of the lung - esophagus - ureter - and kidney - just to Name a few.
EBV
IF
14. What axis I disorder is characterized by pronoun reversal - preference for inanimate objects - obliviousness to the external environment - lack of separation anxiety - and abnormalities in language development?
Enkephalins
Autism. Head - banging - rocking - and self - injurious behaviors are also common in autism.
1. Clavulanic acid 2. Sulbactam 3. Tazobactam
>10 mm
15. Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: Descending aorta
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Visceral pleura
Posterior
IF
16. What happens to the intrapleural pressure when the diaphragm relaxes?
Hepatitis C
Streptokinase
Relaxation of the diaphragm increases the intrapleural pressure (becomes more positive).
NADPH - O2 - and cytochrome b5
17. What is the term for the rate measured for a subgroup of a population?
Protease - integrase - and reverse transcriptase
Specific rate (e.g. - men aged 55-60)
prior to birthThe foramen ovale closes just...
Non - Hodgkin lymphoma
18. As what compound do the carbons for fatty acid synthesis leave the mitochondria?
In the cytoplasm of the presynaptic nerve terminal; it is catalyzed by choline acetyltransferase.
Ependymoma
Choriocarcinomas and trophoblastic tumors
Citrate - via the citrate shuttle
19. Have analgesic - antipyretic - anti - inflammatory - and antiplatelet activities.
HGPRT
NSAIDs
Conduction aphasia
Prostatic carcinoma
20. What is the name for the following RBC indices? - Average volume of a RBC
Estrogen can result in a hypercoagulable state because of the decrease in AT III and increase in factors II - VII - IX - and X.
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
Separation anxiety
HBcAb IgG and HBsAb IgG
21. What is the term for an inhibited female orgasm?
Residual volume
Subclavian vein
CD4+T cells
Anorgasmia. (The overall prevalence is 30%.)
22. Name the cancer associated with the following oncogenes. (Some may have more than one answer) x hst -1 - int -2 - erb -2 - and erb -3
N- Acetylcysteine
Negative
Breast cancer
Saccule and utricle
23. What is the only anesthetic that causes cardiovascular stimulation?
Ketamine
The patient decides about the health care she does or does not get even if it harms the fetus. This also means she can refuse blood transfusions even if it harms the fetus.
Dihydrofolate reductase
Plasmodium malariae
24. What is the most common one? - Site of Crohn disease
Paramyxovirus
Terminal ileum
Multiple sclerosis
Lente or NPH insulin (neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin)
25. What two vitamins are inactivated when they come in contact with acetaldehyde?
Thiamine and folate
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
Salmeterol
Copper
26. What glial cell is derived from mesoderm and acts as a scavenger - cleaning up cellular debris after injury?
Microglia (Microglia and mesoderm both begin with M)
Limbic system
Tetanospasmin (also called tetanus toxin)
Granulose cells secrete progesterone. After fertilization the granulose cells form from follicular cells.
27. On the right lung the ___________ divides the middle from the inferior lobe and the horizontal fissure further divides the middle from the upper lobe. On the left the oblique divides the superior from the inferior lobe.
Labioscrotal swelling
Oblique fissure
Membranous glomerulonephritis
Orbitomedial frontal lobe
28. What protein causes fibrinolysis?
Superior colliculus (Remember S for Superior and Sight). The inferior colliculus processes auditory information from both ears.
Plasmin
Pregnancy
First - pass metabolism and acid lability
29. How is the eye affected by use of opioids?
Ipsilateral flaccid paralysis
With opioid use the pupils become pinpoint (miosis) because of increased cholinergic activity.
Reye syndrome
Vancomycin
30. Name the thalamic nucleus based on its input and output - Input from globus pallidus and substantia nigra; output to primary motor cortex
Ventral anterior nucleus
Necator americanus is treated with mebendazole and iron therapy.
Stage 2
Glycogen synthase
31. What Ag is needed to diagnose an infectious patient with hepatitis B?
Gardnerella vaginalis
HBeAg
90% as HCO3- - 5% as carbamino compounds - and 5% as dissolved CO2
Urogenital sinus
32. Name the compartment of the lower extremity and the nerve based on its movements - Extend the hip and flex the knee
Emphysematous bleb
Hydrostatic pressure of the glomerular capillaries (promotes filtration)
Carbamazepine
Posterior compartment of the thigh - tibial nerve
33. How are resistance and length related regarding flow?
C1 - C2 - or C4 deficiency
Nearly 25% of patients taking lithium develop polyuria and polydipsia.
Resistance and vessel length are proportionally related. The greater the length of the vessel - the greater the resistance is on the vessel.
Tibial nerve
34. What enzyme catalyzes the rate - limiting step in gluconeogenesis?
Steroid synthesis - drug detoxification - triglyceride resynthesis - and Ca2+handling
Staphylococcus aureus
Fructose -1 - 6- bisphosphatase
Hypoventilation - which increases CO2 - shifting the reaction to the right and increasing H+
35. What are the five branches of the median cord of the brachial plexus?
Confounding bias
Four Ms and a U 1. Median 2. Medial antebrachial 3. Medial pectoral 4. Medial brachial cutaneus 5. Ulnar
It is rare with normal grief; however - it is relatively common in depression
Porcelain gallbladder
36. Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: x Foramen spinosum
Middle meningeal artery
Ischemic
Arsenic
Complex 4
37. With an increase in arterial systolic pressure - what happens to x Heart rate?
Mentally disabled
Decreases
Chordae tendineae
Kayser - Fleischer ring
38. What is the drug of choice for penicillin - resistant gonococcal infections?
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
Doxycycline and minocycline
Fibroadenoma
Spectinomycin
39. Avidin decreases the absorption of what vitamin?
HHV-8
Chromosome 5q21
Biotin. Avidin is found in raw egg whites.
Standardized rate
40. What cardiac reflex is characterized by stretch receptors in the right atrium - afferent and efferent limbs via the vagus nerve - and increased stretch leading to an increase in heart rate via inhibition of parasympathetic stimulation?
Bainbridge reflex
1. Glycine 2. Aspartate 3. Glutamine
Uroporphyrinogen III cosynthase
Chorda tympani of CN VII
41. Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: Heart and pericardium
With an increased depth of breathing both the total and alveolar ventilation increase. This concept is always tested on the boards - so remember it.
GH- producing adenoma
Yes - they stimulate the growth of mammary tissue but block milk synthesis. At parturition - the decrease in estrogen lifts the block on milk production.
Middle
42. What type of lysosome is formed when lysosome fuses with a substrate for breakdown?
Secondary lysosome (think of the primary as inactive and secondary as active)
APocrinE glands (APES is my memory aid) Axilla - Areola - and Anus all begin with A. APES are hairy (associated with hair follicles). They smell (odor production) - and if confronted by an APE - your Adrenergic nervous system would be firing (innerva
Crigler - Najjar syndrome
Acute toxic or viral nephrosis
43. What enzyme of the TCA cycle catalyzes the production of the following: x NADH (hint: 3 enzymes)
Isocitrate dehydrogenase - a - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase - and malate dehydrogenase
Goodpasture syndrome
Selenium (Se)
Heart rate determines the diastolic interval - and contractility determines the systolic interval.
44. Name these mature defense mechanisms: x Helping others without expecting any return
Altruism
HPV infection
Aschoff bodies of rheumatic fever
EF- Tu and EF- Ts of the 30S ribosomal subunit
45. What type of GN occurs most commonly in children after a pharyngeal or skin infection; is immune complex- mediated; and is seen as lumpy- bumpy subepithelial deposits?
Foramen of Winslow
12 to 16 weeks (in response to mother's face)
Ventral posterolateral nucleus
Postinfectious GN
46. What IL do T cells secrete to induce T- and B- cell division?
ATP production
Phase 4; ACh hyperpolarizes the cell via increasing potassium conductance - taking longer to reach threshold and slowing the rate of firing.
Proto - oncogenes
IL-2. T cells express IL-2 receptors on their surface to induce self - expression.
47. What AD renal disorder is associated with mutations of the PKD 1 gene on chromosome 16 and berry aneurysms in the circle of Willis and presents in the fifth decade with abdominal masses - flank pain - hematuria - HTN - and renal insufficiency?
Adult polycystic kidney disease
The cupola of the lung is posterior to the subclavian artery and vein. It is the reason one must be cautious when performing subclavian venipuncture.
G2 phase
Marfan syndrome
48. What histone binds two nucleosomes together?
T and B- cells belong to the adaptive branch - whereas PMNs - NK cells - eosinophils - macrophages - and monocytes belong to the innate branch.
H1 histones
X- linked dominant
t the end of the PCT 25% of Na+ - Cl - - K+ is left
49. Fact without feeling (la belle indiff
Isolation of affect
IQ
Sucralfate
Dominant parietal lobe (Gerstmann's syndrome)
50. What is the lymphatic drainage of the pelvic organs?
Internal iliac nodes
RBCs. That is why it is called red pulp.
Leydig cells produce testosterone. LH stimulates Leydig cells. (Both start with L.)
A positive PPD skin test