Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. The diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
V/Q scan
Stasis - hypercoagulability - endothelial damage
Seborrheic dermatitis. Treat with antifungals


2. A four -year - old child presents with oliguria - petechiae - and jaundice following an illness with bloody diarrhea. Most likely diagnosis and cause?
Prerenal
'Chocolate cysts -' powder burns
Number of deaths from 20 weeks' gestation to birth per 1000 total births
Hemolytic - uremic syndrome (HUS) due to E. coli O157:H7


3. CSF findings with SAH.
'Chocolate cysts -' powder burns
Elevated ICP - RBCs - xanthochromia
Neisseria meningitidis
Cardiomegaly - prominent pulmonary vessels - Kerley B lines - 'bat's - wing' appearance of hilar shadows - and perivascular and peribronchial cuffing


4. Normalizing PCO2 in a patient having an asthma exacerbation may indicate?
Observational bias
Tabes dorsalis - general paresis - gummas - Argyll Robertson pupil - aortitis - aortic root aneurysms
Beta- hCG; the most common cause of amenorrhea is pregnancy
Fatigue and impending respiratory failure


5. Cannon 'a' waves.
Third - degree heart block
Phencyclidine hydrochloride (PCP) intoxication
Non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
Mallory- Weiss


6. Defect in an X- linked syndrome with mental retardation -
INH - penicillamine - hydralazine - procainamide
Lesch - Nyhan syndrome (purine salvage problem with
Cerebral berry aneurysms (AD PCKD)
High - dose aspirin for inflammation and fever; IVIG to prevent coronary artery aneurysms


7. Name the defense mechanism:
Displacement
Hypotension - distant heart sounds - and JVD
RCC or other erythropoietin - producing tumor; evaluate with CT scan
Number of deaths during pregnancy to 90 days postpartum per 100 -000 live births


8. Exophytic nodules on the skin with varying degrees of scaling or ulceration; the second most common type of skin cancer.
Gout. Needle - shaped - negatively birefringent crystals are seen on joint fluid aspirate. Chronic treatment with allopurinol or probenecid
Squamous cell carcinoma
Weight gain - type 2 DM - QT prolongation
Acute dystonia (oculogyric crisis). Treat with benztropine or diphenhydramine


9. Should a - or Beta- antagonists be used first in treating pheochromocytoma?
a - antagonists (phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine)
Continuous - painful vaginal bleeding
Intraductal papilloma
HBV - DTaP - Hib - IPV - PCV


10. Criteria for exudative effusion.
Pleural/serum protein > 0.5; pleural/serum LDH > 0.6
Fat - female - fertile - forty - flatulent
Alzheimer's and multi - infarct
Observational bias


11. Difference between Mallory- Weiss and Boerhaave tears.
Mallory- Weiss
Suspect ankylosing spondylitis. Check HLA- B27
Pemphigus vulgaris
Number of deaths from birth to one year of age per 1000 live births (neonatal + postnatal mortality)


12. Rhomboid - shaped - positively birefringent crystals on joint fluid aspirate.
IV hydration and loop diuretics (furosemide)
Anorexia
Levodopa/carbidopa
Pseudogout


13. Gout - self - mutilation - and choreoathetosis.
Lesions of 1
Distal radius (Colles' fracture)
HGPRTase deficiency)
Acute mania. Start a mood stabilizer (e.g. - lithium)


14. Name the organism:
Salmonella
Spontaneous pneumothorax. Spontaneous regression. Supplemental O2 may be helpful
DI
Actinic keratosis


15. Fertility rate?
Actinic keratosis
Placental abruption and placenta previa
Pseudomonas
Number of live births per 1000 women 15-44 years of age


16. Charcot's triad.
Reaction formation
RUQ pain - jaundice - and fever/chills in the setting of ascending cholangitis
Inevitable abortion
No. Parental consent is not necessary for the medical treatment of pregnant minors


17. Case - control study
Neither
Cellulitis
Colposcopy and endocervical curettage
HBV immunoglobulin


18. A 25-year - old Jewish male presents with pain and watery diarrhea after meals. Exam shows fistulas between the bowel and skin and nodular lesions on his tibias.

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19. A patient fails to lactate after an emergency C- section with marked blood loss.

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20. Nonpainful chancre.
Threatened abortion
1
Conduct disorder
Tardive dyskinesia. ? or discontinue haloperidol and consider another antipsychotic (e.g. - risperidone - clozapine)


21. The most common inherited cause of hypercoagulability.
Metformin
Factor V Leiden mutation
Fanconi's anemia
TICS


22. Infant mortality?
Number of deaths from birth to one year of age per 1000 live births (neonatal + postnatal mortality)
Gout. Needle - shaped - negatively birefringent crystals are seen on joint fluid aspirate. Chronic treatment with allopurinol or probenecid
Schizophreniform disorder (diagnosis of schizophrenia requires = 6 months of symptoms)
Femoral hernia


23. The most common cancer in men and the most common cause of death from cancer in men.
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men - but lung cancer causes more deaths
Iatrogenic steroid administration. The second most common cause is Cushing's disease
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Treat existing heart failure and replace the tricuspid valve


24. Maternal mortality?
Protamine
Fecal occult blood test and sigmoidoscopy; suspect colorectal cancer
Number of deaths during pregnancy to 90 days postpartum per 100 -000 live births
Spontaneous pneumothorax. Spontaneous regression. Supplemental O2 may be helpful


25. ? CO - ? PCWP - ? PVR.
Isospora - Cryptosporidium - Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
Cardiogenic shock
Snowstorm on ultrasound. 'Cluster - of - grapes' appearance on gross examination
Pityriasis versicolor


26. Characteristics of 2

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27. Name the defense mechanism:
Hypokalemia
Substance abuse
Choriocarcinoma
Reaction formation


28. The most common causes of hypercalcemia.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Chronic granulomatous disease
S. aureus or S. epidermidis.
Malignancy and hyperparathyroidism


29. 'Stones - bones - groans - psychiatric overtones.'
Spinal stenosis
Signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia
Pulsus paradoxus (seen in cardiac tamponade)
Cerebral berry aneurysms (AD PCKD)


30. Treatment for SVC syndrome.
Retrograde cystourethrogram
Allergic interstitial nephritis
Radiation
Wait - surgical resection - radiation and/or androgen suppression


31. Nikolsky's sign.
Bullous pemphigoid
Neuroleptics
Beta- blockers - Ca2+ channel blockers - TCAs
Colposcopy and endocervical curettage


32. Salicylate ingestion ? In What type of acid - base disorder?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Beta- hCG; the most common cause of amenorrhea is pregnancy
Echocardiogram (showing thickened left ventricular wall and outflow obstruction)
Anion gap acidosis and 1


33. Diagnostic step required in a postmenopausal woman who presents with vaginal bleeding.
'Sawtooth' P waves
Endometrial biopsy
Bacillus cereus
Hodgkin's lymphoma


34. Dyspnea - lateral hilar lymphodenopathy on CXR - noncaseating granulomas - increased ACE - and hypercalcemia.
Distal radius (Colles' fracture)
Sarcoidosis
Mycoplasma
Postinfectious glomerulonephritis


35. A 24-year - old male presents with soft white plaques on his tongue and the back of his throat. Diagnosis? Workup? Treatment?
Nitroprusside
HIDA scan
Candidal thrush. Workup should include an HIV test. Treat with nystatin oral suspension
Pleural/serum protein > 0.5; pleural/serum LDH > 0.6


36. A son asks that his mother not be told about her recently discovered cancer.

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37. Name the organism:
68% - 95.5% - 99.7%
105 bacteria/mL
Hypotension and bradycardia
Neisseria meningitidis


38. Identify key organisms causing diarrhea:
Legionella pneumonia
Giardia
Vibrio - HAV
IV hydration and loop diuretics (furosemide)


39. Reynolds' pentad.

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40. Lung cancer highly related to cigarette exposure.
Wait - surgical resection - radiation and/or androgen suppression
Third - degree heart block
SCLC
Phencyclidine hydrochloride (PCP) intoxication


41. The most common cause of hypothyroidism.

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42. Risk factors for pyelonephritis.
Pregnancy - vesicoureteral reflux - anatomic anomalies - indwelling catheters - kidney stones
Ulcerative colitis
Pityriasis rosea
All - compartment fasciotomy for suspected compartment syndrome


43. An 80-year - old man presents with fatigue - lymphadenopathy - splenomegaly - and isolated lymphocytosis. Suspected diagnosis?
Surfactant deficiency
Alopecia areata (autoimmune process)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
Benzodiazepines


44. CSF findings:
Aseptic (viral) meningitis
Oral or topical metronidazole
Crohn's disease
Fatigue and impending respiratory failure


45. The most serious side effect of clozapine.
Agranulocytosis
ACEI
Hypernatremia
Restrictive pulmonary disease


46. RTA associated with aldosterone defect.
Type IV (distal) RTA
Cohort studies can be used to calculate relative risk (RR) - incidence - and/or odds ratio (OR). Case - control studies can be used to calculate an OR
Treat existing heart failure and replace the tricuspid valve
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy


47. A newborn female has continuous 'machinery murmur.'
Higher incidence
Number of deaths from 28 days to one year per 1000 live births
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)


48. Confusion - confabulation - ophthalmoplegia - ataxia.

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49. Acid - base disorder in pulmonary embolism.
Neisseria meningitidis
Hypoxia and hypocarbia
Observational bias
Likely BPH. Options include no treatment - terazosin - finasteride - or surgical intervention (TURP)


50. An elderly female presents with pain and stiffness of the shoulders and hips; she cannot lift her arms above her head. Labs show anemia and ? ESR.
Hypertension - bradycardia - and abnormal respirations
Polymyalgia rheumatica
Duodenal atresia
Hemolytic - uremic syndrome (HUS) due to E. coli O157:H7