Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Risk factors for pyelonephritis.
IV hydration and loop diuretics (furosemide)
Pregnancy - vesicoureteral reflux - anatomic anomalies - indwelling catheters - kidney stones
Salmonella
INH - penicillamine - hydralazine - procainamide


2. Causes of transudative effusion.
Immediate cardioversion
Varicella zoster
Osteoarthritis
Think of intact capillaries. CHF - liver or kidney disease - and protein - losing enteropathy


3. A 25-year - old African - American male with sickle cell anemia has sudden onset of bone pain. Management of pain crisis?
Charcot's triad plus shock and mental status changes - with suppurative ascending cholangitis
O2 - analgesia - hydration - and - if severe - transfusion
RCC or other erythropoietin - producing tumor; evaluate with CT scan
Gout. Needle - shaped - negatively birefringent crystals are seen on joint fluid aspirate. Chronic treatment with allopurinol or probenecid


4. A homeless child is small for his age and has peeling skin and a swollen belly.
Identify cause; pressors (e.g. - dobutamine)
Pregnancy - vesicoureteral reflux - anatomic anomalies - indwelling catheters - kidney stones
Nephritic syndrome
Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition)


5. A 10-year - old boy presents with fever - weight loss - and night sweats. Examination shows anterior mediastinal mass. Suspected diagnosis?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


6. Rhomboid - shaped - positively birefringent crystals on joint fluid aspirate.
Signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia
Pseudogout
HBV - DTaP - Hib - IPV - PCV
Toxoplasma gondii


7. A 55-year - old man is diagnosed with prostate cancer. Treatment options?
Wait - surgical resection - radiation and/or androgen suppression
Guillain - Barr
a - antagonists (phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine)
Suspect retinoblastoma


8. Lung cancer highly related to cigarette exposure.
SCLC
Number of deaths from 20 weeks' gestation to birth per 1000 total births
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men - but lung cancer causes more deaths
Number of deaths per 1000 population


9. Identify key organisms causing diarrhea:
They can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia
Clostridium difficile
Age > 45-50 years; lesions new or larger in comparison to old films; absence of calcification or irregular calcification; size > 2 cm; irregular margins
Weight gain - type 2 DM - QT prolongation


10. The most common type of testicular cancer.
Seminoma
SIADH due to stress
Selective IgA deficiency
M3


11. Treatment of anaphylactic shock.
Reye's syndrome
The IR of a disease in a population exposed to a particular factor
Diphenhydramine or epinephrine 1:1000
Nephrotic syndrome


12. Classic CXR findings for pulmonary edema.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


13. Hematuria - flank pain - and palpable flank mass.
Observational bias
Bullous pemphigoid
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
A patient's family cannot require that a doctor withhold information from the patient


14. Inflammation and epithelial thinning of the anogenital area - predominantly in postmenopausal women.
Lichen sclerosus
Isospora - Cryptosporidium - Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
Fluids and antibiotics
Placental abruption and placenta previa


15. Treatment for TTP.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip. If severe - consider a Pavlik harness to maintain abduction
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Factitious disorder (Munchausen syndrome)
Emergent large - volume plasmapheresis - corticosteroids - antiplatelet drugs


16. Treatment for malignant hypertension.
Nitroprusside
Pheochromocytoma
Impetigo
PT


17. Joints in the hand affected in rheumatoid arthritis.
MCP and PIP joints; DIP joints are spared
IV hydration and loop diuretics (furosemide)
Respiratory alkalosis
Nephrotic syndrome


18. Risk factors for DVT.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


19. What % lesion is an indication for carotid endarterectomy?
TB medications (INH - rifampin - pyrazinamide) - acetaminophen - and tetracycline
Seventy percent if the stenosis is symptomatic
Elevated ICP - RBCs - xanthochromia
Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition)


20. What is the immunodeficiency?

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


21. Breast cancer type that ? the future risk of invasive carcinoma in both breasts.
Number of deaths from 20 weeks' gestation to one month of life per 1000 total births
Spinal stenosis
Lobular carcinoma in situ
'Sawtooth' P waves


22. Macrocytic - megaloblastic anemia without neurologic symptoms.
Diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Supportive care. Steroids may help
Folate deficiency
Cirrhosis - CHF - nephritic syndrome
Varicella zoster


23. Honeycomb pattern on CXR. Diagnosis? Treatment?
Bacillus cereus
Diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Supportive care. Steroids may help
When treatment noncompliance represents a serious danger to public health (e.g. - active TB)
Factor V Leiden mutation


24. Antidepressants associated with hypertensive crisis.
Normal
MAOIs
Widened mediastinum (> 8 cm) - loss of aortic knob - pleural cap - tracheal deviation to the right - depression of left main stem bronchus
Identify cause; fluid and blood repletion


25. A burn patient presents with cherry- red flushed skin and coma. SaO2 is normal - but carboxyhemoglobin is elevated. Treatment?
Basal cell carcinoma
Treat CO poisoning with 100% O2 or with hyperbaric O2 if severe poisoning or pregnant
Nitroprusside
ARDS


26. Medication to avoid in patients with a history of alcohol withdrawal seizures.
Seborrheic dermatitis. Treat with antifungals
Neuroleptics
Diphenhydramine or epinephrine 1:1000
Identify cause; fluid and blood repletion


27. How to distinguish polycythemia vera from 2
Identify cause; fluid and blood repletion
Both have ? hematocrit and RBC mass - but polycythemia vera should have normal O2 saturation and low erythropoietin levels
HGPRTase deficiency)
Hypoparathyroidism


28. ? CO - ? PCWP - ? PVR.
> 5.5 cm - rapidly enlarging - symptomatic - or ruptured
Septic or anaphylactic shock
Bruton's X- linked agammaglobulinemia
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy


29. Medical treatment for IBD.
Clostridium difficile
Coarctation of the aorta
5- aminosalicylic acid +/- sulfasalazine and steroids during acute exacerbations
Higher incidence


30. ? risk of what infection with silicosis?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Alopecia areata (autoimmune process)
Uterine atony
N- acetylcysteine


31. A 55-year - old man who is a smoker and a heavy drinker presents with a new cough and flulike symptoms. Gram stain shows no organisms; silver stain of sputum shows gram - negative rods. What is the diagnosis?
No. Parental consent is not necessary for the medical treatment of pregnant minors
CA-125 and transvaginal ultrasound
Slipped capital femoral epiphyses. AP and frog - leg lateral view
Legionella pneumonia


32. Reed - Sternberg cells

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


33. The most common location for an ectopic pregnancy.
Consider Fitz - Hugh - Curtis syndrome
Immediate needle thoracostomy
Ampulla of the oviduct
Self - limited - painless vaginal bleeding


34. What should always be done prior to LP?
Neurofibromatosis 1
Ultrasound
Clostridium difficile
Check for ? ICP; look for papilledema


35. + Nikolsky's sign.
Pemphigus vulgaris
Ultrasound
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
Think of leaky capillaries. Malignancy - TB - bacterial or viral infection - pulmonary embolism with infarct - and pancreatitis


36. A patient presents with pain on passive movement - pallor - poikilothermia - paresthesias - paralysis - and pulselessness. Treatment?
Fever - heart murmur - Osler's nodes - splinter hemorrhages - Janeway lesions - Roth's spots
Acute mania - immunosuppression - thin skin - osteoporosis - easy bruising - myopathies
Agranulocytosis
All - compartment fasciotomy for suspected compartment syndrome


37. Prophylactic treatment for migraine.
IVIG or plasmapheresis
Antipsychotics (neuroleptic malignant syndrome)
Beta- blockers - Ca2+ channel blockers - TCAs
Membranous glomerulonephritis


38. Four causes of microcytic anemia.
TICS
Monoclonal gammopathy - Bence Jones proteinuria - 'punched - out' lesions on x- ray of the skull and long bones
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Clomiphene citrate


39. PFT showing ? FEV1/FVC.
Obstructive pulmonary disease (e.g. - asthma)
Pregnant women. Treat this group aggressively because of potential complications
Uveitis - ankylosing spondylitis - pyoderma gangrenosum - erythema nodosum - 1
Sturge - Weber syndrome. Treat symptomatically. Possible focal cerebral resection of affected lobe


40. ECG findings suggesting MI.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Herpes simplex
Number of deaths during pregnancy to 90 days postpartum per 100 -000 live births
ST- segment elevation (depression means ischemia) - flattened T waves - and Q waves


41. Confusion - confabulation - ophthalmoplegia - ataxia.

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /var/www/html/basicversity.com/show_quiz.php on line 183


42. Signs of air embolism.
Toxoplasma gondii
A patient with chest trauma who was previously stable suddenly dies
Klebsiella
IV hydration and loop diuretics (furosemide)


43. The most common cause of SAH.
Patients with IBD; those with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)/hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC); and those who have first - degree relatives with adenomatous polyps (< 60 years of age) or colorectal cancer
RCC or other erythropoietin - producing tumor; evaluate with CT scan
Tetracycline - fluoroquinolones - aminoglycosides - sulfonamides
Trauma; the second most common is berry aneurysm


44. Differential of hypervolemic hyponatremia.
Cirrhosis - CHF - nephritic syndrome
Think of intact capillaries. CHF - liver or kidney disease - and protein - losing enteropathy
Hypertension - bradycardia - and abnormal respirations
High reliability - low validity


45. When should a vaginal exam be performed with suspected placenta previa?
Never
Pneumococcus - meningococcus - H. influenzae. Treat with cefotaxime and vancomycin
Chloramphenicol - sulfonamides - radiation - HIV - chemotherapeutic agents - hepatitis - parvovirus B19 - EBV
Echocardiogram (showing thickened left ventricular wall and outflow obstruction)


46. Inflammatory disease of the colon with ? risk of colon cancer.
= 200 for PCP (with TMP); = 50-100 for MAI (with clarithromycin/azithromycin)
Partial mole
Ulcerative colitis
Frotteurism (a paraphilia)


47. Key side effects of atypical antipsychotics.
Higher prevalence
Emergent laparotomy to repair perforated viscus - likely stomach
Choriocarcinoma
Weight gain - type 2 DM - QT prolongation


48. Blood in the urethral meatus or high - riding prostate.
ARDS
Kl
Bladder rupture or urethral injury
Administration of DDAVP ? serum osmolality and free water restriction


49. Definition of hypertension.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)
BP > 140/90 on three separate occasions two weeks apart
Acute mania. Start a mood stabilizer (e.g. - lithium)
Conduct disorder


50. Signs of active ischemia during stress testing.
Coarctation of the aorta
Angina - ST- segment changes on ECG - or ? BP
Hypertension - bradycardia - and abnormal respirations
Sturge - Weber syndrome. Treat symptomatically. Possible focal cerebral resection of affected lobe