Instructions:

• Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
• If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
• Match each statement with the correct term.
• Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. An agent that reverses the effects of heparin.
Non - Hodgkin's lymphoma
Protamine
Confounding variable
All - compartment fasciotomy for suspected compartment syndrome


2. A congenital heart disease that cause 2
INH - penicillamine - hydralazine - procainamide
Coarctation of the aorta
Fluid restriction - demeclocycline
Abdominal ultrasound and CT


3. A burn patient presents with cherry- red flushed skin and coma. SaO2 is normal - but carboxyhemoglobin is elevated. Treatment?
Treat CO poisoning with 100% O2 or with hyperbaric O2 if severe poisoning or pregnant
1
Nitroprusside
Angina - ST- segment changes on ECG - or ? BP


4. Uterine bleeding at 18 weeks' gestation; no products expelled; membranes ruptured; cervical os open.
= 200 for PCP (with TMP); = 50-100 for MAI (with clarithromycin/azithromycin)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
Placental abruption and placenta previa
Inevitable abortion


5. Premalignant lesion from sun exposure that can ? squamous cell carcinoma.
Snowstorm on ultrasound. 'Cluster - of - grapes' appearance on gross examination
Trauma; the second most common is berry aneurysm
Absence seizures
Actinic keratosis


6. Proteinuria - hypoalbuminemia - hyperlipidemia - hyperlipiduria - edema.
CML
S. aureus
Nephrotic syndrome
The likelihood of a disease among individuals exposed to a risk factor compared to those who have not been exposed


7. The most likely cause of acute lower GI bleed in patients > 40 years old.
Group B strep - E. coli - Listeria. Treat with gentamicin and ampicillin
SIADH due to stress
Diverticulosis
Both have ? hematocrit and RBC mass - but polycythemia vera should have normal O2 saturation and low erythropoietin levels


8. An autosomal - recessive disorder with a defect in the GPIIbIIIa platelet receptor and ? platelet aggregation.

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9. Complication of overly rapid correction of hyponatremia.
Central pontine myelinolysis
Ophthalmologic exam - CT - and MRI
Administration of DDAVP ? serum osmolality and free water restriction
68% - 95.5% - 99.7%


10. 'Stuck - on' appearance.
Seborrheic keratosis
? Ca2+ - ? K- - ? phosphate - ? uric acid
Fecal occult blood test and sigmoidoscopy; suspect colorectal cancer
Osteogenesis imperfecta


11. Drugs that slow AV node transmission.
Naloxone
Asherman's syndrome
Beta- blockers - digoxin - calcium channel blockers
TB medications (INH - rifampin - pyrazinamide) - acetaminophen - and tetracycline


12. A 25-year - old Jewish male presents with pain and watery diarrhea after meals. Exam shows fistulas between the bowel and skin and nodular lesions on his tibias.

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13. Lab findings in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Intussusception
Parkland formula
Neuroleptics
High TSH - low T4 - antimicrosomal antibodies


14. Pinkish - scaling - flat lesions on the chest and back. KOH prep has a 'spaghetti - and - meatballs' appearance.
Bacillus cereus
Pityriasis versicolor
7-10 days
Wrist drop - loss of thumb abduction


15. RTA associated with aldosterone defect.
Type IV (distal) RTA
Lesch - Nyhan syndrome (purine salvage problem with
The likelihood of a disease among individuals exposed to a risk factor compared to those who have not been exposed
Factor V Leiden mutation


16. Nontender abdominal mass associated with elevated VMA and HVA.
Anion gap acidosis and 1
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)
Erythema multiforme
Neuroblastoma


17. First - line pharmacotherapy for depression.
Chloramphenicol - sulfonamides - radiation - HIV - chemotherapeutic agents - hepatitis - parvovirus B19 - EBV
Suspect ankylosing spondylitis. Check HLA- B27
Sporothrix schenckii
SSRIs


18. First - line medication for status epilepticus.
Hypocalcemia
Edrophonium
IV benzodiazepine
Frotteurism (a paraphilia)


19. Lung cancer associated with SIADH.
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
Retrograde cystourethrogram
Wrist drop - loss of thumb abduction
Factor V Leiden mutation


20. Meningitis in infants. Causes? Treatment?
Postinfectious glomerulonephritis
Pneumococcus - meningococcus - H. influenzae. Treat with cefotaxime and vancomycin
Exercise stress treadmill with ECG
Regression


21. A history significant for initial altered mental status with an intervening lucid interval. Diagnosis? Most likely etiology? Treatment?
Hypotension - distant heart sounds - and JVD
Epidural hematoma. Middle meningeal artery. Neurosurgical evacuation
Bullous pemphigoid
Seventy percent if the stenosis is symptomatic


22. Indications for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Seventy percent if the stenosis is symptomatic
Mild illness and/or low - grade fever - current antibiotic therapy - and prematurity
> 5.5 cm - rapidly enlarging - symptomatic - or ruptured
Number of deaths from 28 days to one year per 1000 live births


23. Involuntary commitment or isolation for medical treatment may be undertaken For what reason?
When treatment noncompliance represents a serious danger to public health (e.g. - active TB)
Biliary tract obstruction
Uveitis - ankylosing spondylitis - pyoderma gangrenosum - erythema nodosum - 1
Parkland formula


24. Dermatomal distribution.
Kl
Varicella zoster
Seminoma
Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition)


25. The most common organism in burn - related infections.
Febrile seizures (roseola infantum)
Pseudomonas
Placental abruption and placenta previa
Actinomyces israelii


26. Microcytic anemia with ? serum iron - ? total iron - binding capacity (TIBC) - and normal or ? ferritin.
Anemia of chronic disease
Factor V Leiden mutation
Uveitis - ankylosing spondylitis - pyoderma gangrenosum - erythema nodosum - 1
Diphenhydramine or epinephrine 1:1000


27. Treatment of hypovolemic shock.
Acute mania. Start a mood stabilizer (e.g. - lithium)
Kl
Identify cause; fluid and blood repletion
Menometrorrhagia


28. Virchow's triad.
Weight loss and OCPs
Cerebral berry aneurysms (AD PCKD)
Stasis - hypercoagulability - endothelial damage
ARDS


29. Causes of drug - induced SLE.
Anion gap acidosis and 1
Choriocarcinoma
PT
INH - penicillamine - hydralazine - procainamide


30. Breast malignancy presenting as itching - burning - and erosion of the nipple.

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31. Infant mortality?
Coarctation of the aorta
Number of deaths from birth to one year of age per 1000 live births (neonatal + postnatal mortality)
Anemia - thrombocytopenia - and acute renal failure
Polymyalgia rheumatica


32. A patient continues to use cocaine after being in jail - losing his job - and not paying child support.
50 cc/hour
Substance abuse
Transitional cell carcinoma
Febrile seizures (roseola infantum)


33. The coagulation parameter affected by warfarin.
PT
Uterine massage; if that fails - give oxytocin
Transitional cell carcinoma
Choriocarcinoma


34. Treatment for bacterial vaginosis.
Actinic keratosis
Oral or topical metronidazole
RCC or other erythropoietin - producing tumor; evaluate with CT scan
Agranulocytosis


35. Eosinophils in urine sediment.
Subdural hematoma
Confounding variable
Allergic interstitial nephritis
Pregnant women. Treat this group aggressively because of potential complications


36. An active 13-year - old boy has anterior knee pain. Diagnosis?
Treat existing heart failure and replace the tricuspid valve
Klebsiella
Reaction formation
Osgood - Schlatter disease


37. A patient presents with tachycardia - wild swings in BP - headache - diaphoresis - altered mental status - and a sense of panic.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
RCC or other erythropoietin - producing tumor; evaluate with CT scan
Pheochromocytoma
Diamond - Blackfan anemia


38. Bone is fractured in fall on outstretched hand.

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39. Typical antibiotics for group B streptococcus (GBS) prophylaxis.
Osmotic fragility test
Varicella zoster
Salmonella
IV penicillin or ampicillin


40. Describe a test that consistently gives identical results - but the results are wrong.
High reliability - low validity
Suspect ankylosing spondylitis. Check HLA- B27
Hypertension - bradycardia - and abnormal respirations
Aseptic (viral) meningitis


41. The most common histology of bladder cancer.
AP chest - AP/lateral C- spine - AP pelvis
Cohort studies can be used to calculate relative risk (RR) - incidence - and/or odds ratio (OR). Case - control studies can be used to calculate an OR
a - antagonists (phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine)
Transitional cell carcinoma


42. Four causes of microcytic anemia.
Haemophilus ducreyi
Ophthalmologic exam - CT - and MRI
TICS
Number of deaths from birth to 28 days per 1000 live births


43. First step in the management of a patient with acute GI bleed.
= 200 for PCP (with TMP); = 50-100 for MAI (with clarithromycin/azithromycin)
Headache
Real threat of harm to third parties; suicidal intentions; certain contagious diseases; elder and child abuse
Establish the ABCs


44. A young child presents with proximal muscle weakness - waddling gait - and pronounced calf muscles.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Tetracycline - fluoroquinolones - aminoglycosides - sulfonamides
Acne vulgaris
Acute mania. Start a mood stabilizer (e.g. - lithium)


45. Non - small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) associated with hypercalcemia.
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men - but lung cancer causes more deaths
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
Lesion of 1
Squamous cell carcinoma


46. Blood in the urethral meatus or high - riding prostate.
Amoxicillin
Bladder rupture or urethral injury
Yersinia
Hodgkin's lymphoma


47. A man has repeated - intense urges to rub his body against unsuspecting passengers on a bus.
Frotteurism (a paraphilia)
Cirrhosis - CHF - nephritic syndrome
Toxoplasma gondii
Developmental dysplasia of the hip. If severe - consider a Pavlik harness to maintain abduction


48. Which healthy population is susceptible to UTIs?
Precocious puberty
Age > 45-50 years; lesions new or larger in comparison to old films; absence of calcification or irregular calcification; size > 2 cm; irregular margins
Pregnant women. Treat this group aggressively because of potential complications
Sporothrix schenckii


49. Arthritis - conjunctivitis - and urethritis in young men. Associated organisms?

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50. A four -year - old child presents with oliguria - petechiae - and jaundice following an illness with bloody diarrhea. Most likely diagnosis and cause?
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Oral surgery
Bruton's X- linked agammaglobulinemia
Hemolytic - uremic syndrome (HUS) due to E. coli O157:H7