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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Distilled water on refractometer or an uncalbrated refractometer
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
Fibrinolysis is...
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

2. 1.000
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What happens during aggregation

3. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What color is a 16ga needle?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

4. Torocytes
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

5. Neovascularization
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

6. (PCV x 10)/RBC
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
MCV
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

7. 3-6%
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

8. Saline wash
What are the 3 components of blood?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

9. don't cause clots
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is a WBC tumor?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

10. Breakdown of a clot
What is fibrinolysis?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

11. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

12. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
What does VWF test evaluate?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

13. Prognosis and tx protocol
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

14. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the method for ACT?

15. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What does ACT evaluate?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

16. Leukocytozoon spp
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What does the FDP test detect?
What color is a 25ga needle?

17. Thrombocytopenia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What happens during aggregation

18. Cow; dusty purple grey
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

19. Blue
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What color is a 22ga needle?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first

20. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

21. They increase
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

22. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
MCHC
Define absolute

23. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What is the stimulus for platelets
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

24. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

25. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

26. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

27. Microcytic
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?

28. Size - shape - and number
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Platelet morphology includes...
What organ produces EPO?

29. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are the types of BM sample?

30. Myelocyte; yes
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

31. Primary hemostasis
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What does BMBT evaluate

32. To observe for transfusion reactions
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

33. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

34. Hyperchromic
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

35. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What 2 ways does a platelet form?

36. Polychormatophilics
Avian basophils do not have a...
Define artifact
List the order of Platelet production
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

37. Heinz body
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What is a WBC tumor?

38. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

39. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

40. Macrocytic
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

41. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors

42. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What is a WBC tumor?
Define polycythemia
chromatin

43. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What color is a 25ga needle?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

44. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What is the definition of PCV?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

45. Anisocytosis
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is fibrinolysis?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

46. Heterophil
What are some examples of immunologic?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

47. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What does VWF test evaluate?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

48. Rouleaux or agglutination
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

49. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is an example of increased destruction?

50. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?