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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Prognosis and tx protocol
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What is fibrinolysis?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

2. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

3. 450 mls; 56 mls
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

4. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

5. Citrate intoxication- cardiac standstill - tremors - arrhythmias
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is plasma?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
At birth is TP high or low

6. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
What are dohle bodies?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

7. Myelodysplasia
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What is a WBC tumor?

8. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
What is contained in the buffy coat?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

9. Blue granules
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What do you look for to identify a basophil
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

10. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

11. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

12. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

13. Reticulocyte count
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

14. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

15. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

16. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What does BMBT evaluate
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

17. 50:50%; 0-5%; rare
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

18. Room temperature
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
All cells can get...
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

19. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

20. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
Where are immunoglobins made?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

21. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
What is TP measured in?
What does VWF test evaluate?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Define thromboembolic disorder

22. Decreased concentration: over hydration
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is this the test of choice for?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

23. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

24. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

25. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What does a RTT contain?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

26. Heparin which prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

27. Seg
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

28. present in the blood
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

29. Heparin and 3.8% Na Citrate
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

30. Thrombopathias and vascular
What is this the test of choice for?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

31. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What is an example of decreased production?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
chromatin

32. Salivation - v/d - dyspnea - death
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

33. Macrocytic
What does BMBT evaluate
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

34. 37-55% - 30-45%
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

35. Jugular- 18ga
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

36. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
chromatin
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...

37. True deviation in the amount
Define absolute
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

38. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

39. Green
What color is a 18ga needle?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

40. Poikilocytosis
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

41. Howell-Jolly Bodies
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

42. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
Define relative
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What is the specific use for LTT?

43. Black ring has a smaller diameter
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

44. VWB
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What is this the test of choice for?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What are 3 effects of EPO?

45. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

46. Empty package of negate stain
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is a WBC tumor?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
vacuoles

47. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
What is the method for ACT?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

48. Kidney
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What organ produces EPO?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

49. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are some causes of BM failure
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?

50. No - but it is not ideal
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?