Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

2. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
Define polycythemia
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

3. Heinz body
What is the function of albumin?
Adhesion requires what factor?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

4. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

5. Leukocytozoon spp
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?

6. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What is this the test of choice for?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects

7. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
MCH
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

8. Thrombopathias and vascular
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is this the test of choice for?

9. They increase
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What are some causes of BM failure
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
Name the 3 granulocytes

10. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

11. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

12. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

13. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
Adhesion requires what factor?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

14. Reticulocyte count
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
List the order of Platelet production
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
Where are immunoglobins made?

15. Salivation - v/d - dyspnea - death
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

16. IV
What is the specific use for LTT?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is serum?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

17. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

18. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

19. PO
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

20. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

21. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

22. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What does VWF test evaluate?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

23. Vacuoles
Fibrinogen > __________
MCV
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
All cells can get...

24. blood
What is the biggest error in hematology?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What is the function of immunglobins?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

25. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?

26. SQ
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

27. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What are the 2 main proteins?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia

28. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What is the function of immunglobins?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

29. Blood loss and dehydration
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What is the definition of PCV?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

30. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is this the test of choice for?

31. Prothrombin time
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
Name the 2 agranulocytes

32. Schistocytes
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

33. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
What are the blood types of a cat?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
vacuoles
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

34. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
What is the stimulus for platelets
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
List the order of Platelet production
Define thromboembolic disorder

35. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

36. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

37. Grey
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What color is a 16ga needle?

38. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

39. CBC
What is the specific use for LTT?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

40. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What does VWF test evaluate?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

41. Albumin and immunglobins
What are the 2 main proteins?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What does hemosiderin look like?

42. 5-7
What does the FDP test detect?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

43. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
Where does protein originate from?
The RBC morphology includes...
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

44. Blue granules
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

45. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

46. Ehrlichia sp.
MCV
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

47. 450 mls; 56 mls
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

48. Pink granules
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What are the 3 functions of platelets

49. Not mixing the sample
What is the biggest error in hematology?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

50. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
Where does protein originate from?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?