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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Macrocytosis
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

2. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

3. Calculated a corrected WBC ct.
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

4. Lymphocyte - monocyte
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
Microsytosis is often seen in...

5. Horse
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

6. Horse
Avian basophils do not have a...
granule
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

7. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

8. Basophils
Fibrinolysis is...
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
what WBC do mast cells resemble

9. Prothrombin time
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

10. IV catheter; IO or IP
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

11. Jar 1- wright's stain - set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 2 - buffer with 1 pipette of wright's stain- set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 3 - distille water - dip slide into jar 7-10 one sec dips

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12. Thrombocytopenia
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is the function of albumin?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?

13. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
During gestation is TP high or low?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

14. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

15. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

16. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
MCHC

17. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

18. Bleed them out
What is an example of decreased production?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What is the tx for RBC tumor
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

19. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What is the method for ACT?
What does plt count evaluate?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

20. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

21. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

22. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

23. Increased concentration: dehydration
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What are 3 effects of EPO?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

24. Hyperchromic
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Where are immunoglobins made?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?

25. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is serum?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

26. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Define relative
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

27. Trypanosoma sp
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

28. (PCV x 10)/RBC
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
MCV

29. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

30. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

31. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

32. True deviation in the amount
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Define absolute
Fibrinolysis is...
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

33. They increase
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

34. VWB
What is the tx for RBC tumor
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

35. Cytauxzoon sp.
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What is the method for BMBT?

36. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

37. Increase in RBCs
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Define polycythemia
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

38. Round to oval; ameboid
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

39. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
Thrombocytes tend to...

40. Beter distribution/transport of oxygen - do not have to cross match
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...

41. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

42. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the function of protein?

43. CBC
What is the specific use for LTT?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

44. Torocytes
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

45. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

46. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
chromatin
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

47. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is an example of decreased production?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

48. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Where does protein originate from?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

49. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

50. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What is the definition of PCV?