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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Neovascularization
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

2. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What is the method for ACT?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What does the FDP test detect?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

3. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
Fibrinolysis is...

4. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

5. 1.1 - 1.2 - and 7
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

6. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What do monocytes do?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

7. Affects the GI tract
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is dysproteinemia?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

8. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

9. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What are some causes of BM failure
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

10. Jar 1- wright's stain - set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 2 - buffer with 1 pipette of wright's stain- set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 3 - distille water - dip slide into jar 7-10 one sec dips

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11. Platelets stick to each other
What happens during aggregation
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
The WBC morphology includes...
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

12. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
Avian basophils do not have a...

13. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

14. Agglutination or hemolysis
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

15. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
Name the 3 granulocytes

16. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

17. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
What is a WBC tumor?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

18. VWB
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

19. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
The RBC morphology includes...
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?

20. Primary granules; no
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

21. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
What color is a 22ga needle?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

22. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What is the definition of PCV?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

23. Hemoproteus spp
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

24. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What is TP measured in?

25. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What does plt count evaluate?
What are the 2 main proteins?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

26. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What does BMBT evaluate
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

27. Thrombocytopenia
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is a serum separator tube?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

28. Vascular part - platelet plug
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What are the indications for BM sampling
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

29. Lymphocyte - monocyte
Fibrinolysis is...
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What are the blood types of a cat?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?

30. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What does the FDP test detect?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

31. Thrombin - fibrin
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
Fibrinogen > __________
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

32. II - VII - IX - X
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are the blood types of a cat?

33. True deviation in the amount
Define absolute
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

34. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are some causes of BM failure
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

35. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

36. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What does the FDP test detect?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

37. defective maturation series
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What color is a 22ga needle?

38. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

39. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
Fibrinolysis is...
Define artifact
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

40. VWB factor
Adhesion requires what factor?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

41. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

42. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What does hemosiderin look like?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

43. Fill a DET tube - gently mix - set timer - keep in warm spot - check tube every 10 sec until clot forms stop timer
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What is the method for ACT?

44. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What color is a 20ga needle?

45. Cat
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

46. Cow
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

47. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

48. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What is the function of albumin?

49. SQ
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

50. segmented nucleus
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What are the 3 components of blood?

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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