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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Lymphocyte - monocyte
Name the 2 agranulocytes
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

2. Thrombocytopenia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

3. Yes
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

4. Platelets stick to each other
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What happens during aggregation
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

5. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

6. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
chromatin
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

7. Room temperature
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?

8. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

9. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

10. True deviation in the amount
Define absolute
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What is dysproteinemia?
Where does protein originate from?

11. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

12. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
List the order of Platelet production

13. blood
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

14. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
List the order of Platelet production
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

15. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

16. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
MCHC
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

17. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

18. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are some causes of BM failure

19. IV catheter; IO or IP
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

20. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
Platelet morphology includes...
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

21. Vit K
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

22. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

23. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

24. Liver and lymphoid tissue
Where are immunoglobins made?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

25. Myelocyte; yes
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

26. Blood loss and dehydration
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What is fibrinolysis?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...

27. Membrane bound package of chemicals
what WBC do mast cells resemble
granule
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

28. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

29. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
Define relative

30. Polychormatophilics
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better

31. Round to oval; ameboid
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
vacuoles

32. BTT
What are the indications for BM sampling
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

33. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Fibrinolysis is...
During gestation is TP high or low?

34. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What is the function of protein?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
MCH

35. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

36. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What are the 3 components of blood?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

37. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are some causes of BM failure
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

38. Coverslips
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

39. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

40. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

41. Myelodysplasia
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is a WBC tumor?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

42. Target cell
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

43. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

44. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What are dohle bodies?

45. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

46. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

47. Basophils
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What are the indications for BM sampling

48. Eccentrocyte
What is another name for a blister cell?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What does BMBT evaluate

49. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What is the definition of PCV?
List the order of Platelet production
A vascular spasm is immediate...

50. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

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