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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Heterophil
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What is the definition of PCV?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

2. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
What are the types of BM sample?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

3. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

4. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

5. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What is the definition of PCV?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?

6. Hemorrhage
What is an example of loss of RBC
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What does hemosiderin look like?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

7. Contact activation
What are the blood types of a cat?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

8. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

9. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
Define absolute
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...

10. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
At birth is TP high or low
What is the method for BMBT?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
Platelet morphology includes...

11. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
What does the test thrombin time detect?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What does a RTT contain?

12. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What is dysproteinemia?
What are the 2 main proteins?

13. Yes
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

14. Prothrombin time
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What is the definition of PCV?

15. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

16. Tissue factor - prothrombinase
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

17. Microcytic
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?

18. CBC
What is the specific use for LTT?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?

19. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

20. Dark - dense segmented nucleus
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

21. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are the indications for BM sampling

22. VWB
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

23. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

24. Trypanosoma sp
What color is a 25ga needle?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

25. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
What is a serum separator tube?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
Where does protein originate from?

26. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What does hemosiderin look like?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

27. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What happens during aggregation
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?

28. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
MCV
What is the function of immunglobins?
Fibrinogen > __________
What color is a 22ga needle?

29. The fluid portion of anticoagulated blood
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
At birth is TP high or low
What is plasma?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

30. .98mls to .02mls
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

31. Thrombin - fibrin
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Fibrinogen > __________

32. Megakaryocyte
What is a serum separator tube?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

33. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
What is the specific use for BTT?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

34. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is serum?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....

35. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
MCHC
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

36. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

37. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
What is the function of protein?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What does the FDP test detect?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

38. Blue granules
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

39. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
vacuoles
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

40. Coagulation studies
What is the specific use for BTT?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

41. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

42. 2 years at room temperature
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?

43. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

44. They increase
What are the 3 components of blood?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

45. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

46. 37-55% - 30-45%
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

47. Spherocyte
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What are the 3 components of blood?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What do monocytes do?

48. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

49. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

50. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?