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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Band neutrophil
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is the function of immunglobins?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

2. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

3. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What is dysproteinemia?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

4. Thrombocytopenia
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is the specific use for BTT?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

5. Obs = # retics/1000 x 100 COR = (Pt PCV/ Average PCV) x observed % Abs = # retics/1000 x RBC ct
Where are immunoglobins made?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

6. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
During gestation is TP high or low?

7. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What is an example of decreased production?
Where does protein originate from?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

8. Liver and lymphoid tissue
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
Where are immunoglobins made?

9. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are the 3 components of blood?

10. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

11. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
chromatin

12. Increase at the same time
What is another name for a blister cell?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

13. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

14. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What color is a 18ga needle?

15. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are dohle bodies?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

16. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
Defects of hemostasis can be..
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

17. (PCV x 10)/RBC
All cells can get...
What does BMBT evaluate
MCV
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?

18. Vacuoles
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
All cells can get...
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

19. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Fibrinolysis is...

20. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

21. Liver function - immune status - hydrations - kidney function - and GI function
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

22. 1.000
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

23. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is the function of albumin?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

24. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

25. 39-55 -30-36
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

26. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

27. Megakaryocyte
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

28. Hyperchromic
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

29. Bone marrow toxin - kidney failure - iron defiency
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is an example of decreased production?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

30. Free or Unbound TPO
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

31. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation - directly from patient
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

32. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

33. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
Define artifact
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What does the FDP test detect?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

34. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.

35. Liver Failure - DIC
chromatin
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

36. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

37. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
Where are immunoglobins made?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

38. Morbillivirus sp
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

39. WBC identification rule of thumb
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What is an example of loss of RBC
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

40. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
Define relative
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
Platelet morphology includes...
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

41. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What is the specific use for LTT?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is an example of increased destruction?

42. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

43. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
What does a mature avian RBC look like
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
Where does protein originate from?

44. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

45. Anemia
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Define absolute

46. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
What does ACT evaluate?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

47. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______

48. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
List the order of Platelet production
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

49. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

50. Trypanosoma sp
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.