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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

2. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

3. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What is an example of increased destruction?

4. Horse
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

5. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
What are some causes of BM failure
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

6. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

7. Red
What color is a 25ga needle?
What are dohle bodies?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

8. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What does VWF test evaluate?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What is an example of loss of RBC

9. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

10. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

11. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What is the definition of PCV?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

12. Dog
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

13. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What is an example of increased destruction?
At birth is TP high or low
What is serum?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better

14. Jugular- 18ga
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

15. Kidney
What organ produces EPO?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

16. B/c eos produce anti histamine to counteract the histamine i the mast cell granules
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
Fibrinolysis is...
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

17. (Hb x 10)/RBC
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
MCH
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

18. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

19. Blood glucose
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is the specific use for GreyTT?

20. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

21. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

22. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
Define thromboembolic disorder
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

23. Fibrin clot
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What is the biggest error in hematology?

24. (PCV x 10)/RBC
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
MCV
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

25. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

26. Cat
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

27. Hypoxia
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.

28. Hemorrhage
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is an example of loss of RBC

29. Reticulocyte count
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
Avian basophils do not have a...

30. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

31. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

32. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

33. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are the types of BM sample?

34. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

35. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
What is the function of protein?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

36. VIII and vWB
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What organ produces EPO?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

37. 60-70 -30-36
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
Define artifact

38. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What is fibrinolysis?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

39. Basophilic stippling
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

40. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
List the order of Platelet production
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

41. Protrusion will be very dark in color
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What does hemosiderin look like?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What do monocytes do?

42. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

43. Iatrogenic
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

44. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

45. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

46. 3-6%
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

47. Macrocytic
What organ produces EPO?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

48. Antigen or foreign protein
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What do you look for to identify a basophil

49. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

50. Anaplasma marginale
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What is fibrinolysis?