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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Heparin and 3.8% Na Citrate
Adhesion requires what factor?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
All cells can get...
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

2. no body
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are 3 effects of EPO?

3. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

4. 39-55 -30-36
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

5. Schistocytes
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

6. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
At birth is TP high or low
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

7. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

8. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.

9. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?

10. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What do monocytes do?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

11. lymphosarcoma
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Defects of hemostasis can be..

12. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is the function of immunglobins?
What organ produces EPO?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

13. Blue granules
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

14. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
granule
Where does protein originate from?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

15. VWB
Name the 3 granulocytes
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
vacuoles

16. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
List the order of Platelet production
What is the biggest error in hematology?
MCHC

17. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

18. Band
Fibrinolysis is...
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
All cells can get...
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

19. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

20. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
chromatin
What is contained in the buffy coat?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

21. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
Define polycythemia
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
List the order of Platelet production
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

22. Polychormatophilics
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

23. Lymphosarcoma
What is an example of decreased production?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

24. .98mls to .02mls
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

25. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?

26. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

27. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

28. Agglutination or hemolysis
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

29. Fibrin
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

30. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

31. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

32. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the method for ACT?

33. Jar 1- wright's stain - set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 2 - buffer with 1 pipette of wright's stain- set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 3 - distille water - dip slide into jar 7-10 one sec dips

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34. Contact activation
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is the stimulus for platelets
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.

35. True deviation in the amount
Define absolute
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

36. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
During secretion What does PF3 do?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
The WBC morphology includes...
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

37. Myelodysplasia
What is a WBC tumor?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

38. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

39. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

40. Adequate size and WBC distribution
What does plt count evaluate?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

41. 3-6%
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
Microsytosis is often seen in...

42. Heterophil
What color is a 22ga needle?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
Define absolute

43. fresh
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What organ produces EPO?

44. Hypochromic
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis

45. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

46. don't cause clots
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What is an example of decreased production?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

47. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
MCHC
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?

48. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What is an example of increased destruction?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

49. 450 mls; 56 mls
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

50. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?