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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Shaking - too small a needle with too much neg. back pressure - intravascular hemolysis
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

2. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

3. Cow
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

4. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

5. Size - shape - and number
Platelet morphology includes...
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

6. Blood chemistries
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

7. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

8. Iatrogenic
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

9. Thrombocytopenia
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

10. Echinocytes
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are dohle bodies?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

11. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

12. Increase
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is another name for a blister cell?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

13. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What are the types of BM sample?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

14. Schistocytes
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

15. Hemoproteus spp
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
Platelet morphology includes...

16. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

17. Prothrombin time
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What are the indications for BM sampling

18. Megakaryocyte
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are the 2 main proteins?

19. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is TP measured in?

20. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is the definition of PCV?

21. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

22. Myelodysplasia
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is a WBC tumor?
What is dysproteinemia?

23. Aggregate
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What do monocytes do?

24. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

25. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

26. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

27. Platelets stick to each other
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What happens during aggregation
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
MCV

28. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

29. 3-6%
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?

30. Primary granules; no
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

31. II - VII - IX - X
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
Fibrinolysis is...
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?

32. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

33. lymphosarcoma
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What are the 3 functions of platelets
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

34. Cow; dusty purple grey
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

35. Black ring has a smaller diameter
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

36. New Anemia -Decrease production anemia
What is contained in the buffy coat?
The WBC morphology includes...
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

37. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

38. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What does ACT evaluate?

39. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

40. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

41. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What are the 3 functions of platelets

42. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?

43. BTT
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

44. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
granule
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

45. Target cell
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are some causes of BM failure
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

46. VWB factor
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Adhesion requires what factor?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?

47. doesn't last that long
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

48. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

49. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
What organ produces EPO?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

50. Thrombin - platelets
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.