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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. SQ
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

2. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

3. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?

4. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
At birth is TP high or low
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What does BMBT evaluate

5. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

6. defective maturation series
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?

7. Fibrin clot
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

8. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
granule

9. Thrombin - fibrin
Fibrinogen > __________
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is an example of loss of RBC
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

10. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
Define artifact
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...

11. Antigen or foreign protein
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

12. Coagulation studies
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What is the specific use for BTT?

13. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
Fibrinogen > __________

14. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?

15. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
chromatin
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

16. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
List the order of Platelet production

17. Thrombin - platelets
Where does protein originate from?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
vacuoles

18. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What does a RTT contain?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

19. Hemolysis and clot
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

20. Monolayer on 40x
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
Where does protein originate from?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

21. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?

22. Primary granules; no
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

23. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
What is plasma?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

24. PCV - TP - skin tugor - CRT
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

25. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

26. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

27. Empty package of negate stain
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
Define artifact
vacuoles

28. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

29. Band
What is a serum separator tube?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

30. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

31. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is the specific use for BTT?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

32. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
What is serum?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What is this the test of choice for?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

33. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What do monocytes do?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is the method for BMBT?

34. (PCV x 10)/RBC
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
MCV
MCHC

35. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
vacuoles

36. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What is the method for ACT?

37. Macrocytosis
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

38. Agglutination or hemolysis
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

39. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
The WBC morphology includes...

40. Leukocytosis
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

41. No - but it is not ideal
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

42. Low - it takes 6-12 months to build up
Fibrinolysis is...
At birth is TP high or low
What are the 3 components of blood?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

43. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the stimulus for platelets
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

44. Von Willebrand's Disease
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

45. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

46. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?

47. w/o anemia
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
MCV

48. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

49. 5-7
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

50. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

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