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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Increase at the same time
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

2. Hyperchromic
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the specific use for BTT?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

3. 5-7
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
what WBC do mast cells resemble

4. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
Avian basophils do not have a...

5. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

6. Myelocyte; yes
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What is an example of loss of RBC

7. Coagulation studies
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is the specific use for BTT?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

8. Lymphosarcoma
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

9. Promoters - inhibitors
What color is a 20ga needle?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
Fibrinogen > __________
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

10. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?

11. Rouleaux or agglutination
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
Define thromboembolic disorder
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

12. Vascular part - platelet plug
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

13. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

14. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?

15. Echinocytes
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What is TP measured in?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are some causes of BM failure

16. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

17. VIII and vWB
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
Define relative
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?

18. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What are the indications for BM sampling
What happens during aggregation
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

19. Anaplasma marginale
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
what WBC do mast cells resemble

20. Monolayer on 40x
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

21. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

22. Myelodysplasia
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What is a WBC tumor?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

23. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
At birth is TP high or low
Fibrinolysis is...

24. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

25. Oxyglobin
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are the blood types of a cat?
Adhesion requires what factor?

26. defective maturation series
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

27. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

28. Genetic material in the nucleus
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
chromatin
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

29. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
Fibrinogen > __________
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

30. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What are some causes of BM failure
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

31. Not mixing the sample
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

32. CBC in birds and reptiles
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is the function of protein?

33. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

34. Basophils
what WBC do mast cells resemble
Adhesion requires what factor?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

35. oval
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
Define artifact
What does the test thrombin time detect?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

36. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What is dysproteinemia?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first

37. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
granule
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

38. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
Name the 3 granulocytes

39. Bleed them out
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

40. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

41. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

42. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...

43. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What does the FDP test detect?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?

44. Band
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

45. Blood loss and dehydration
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Microsytosis is often seen in...

46. VIII and vWB
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

47. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

48. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

49. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

50. Cat
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

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