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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Heterophil
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

2. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Fibrinolysis is...
What is the definition of PCV?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

3. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

4. Von Willebrand's Disease
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

5. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What does VWF test evaluate?

6. Blood loss and dehydration
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is the function of immunglobins?

7. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are some causes of BM failure
What is the biggest error in hematology?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

8. Degree of the difference
What are dohle bodies?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What is this the test of choice for?

9. VWB factor
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is serum?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

10. Prothrombinase
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

11. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
Fibrinolysis is...

12. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?

13. 1.000
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are the blood types of a cat?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

14. Primary hemostasis
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What does BMBT evaluate

15. Torocytes
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

16. Obs = # retics/1000 x 100 COR = (Pt PCV/ Average PCV) x observed % Abs = # retics/1000 x RBC ct
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

17. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
Fibrinolysis is...
What is an example of increased destruction?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

18. Vit K
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

19. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
The RBC morphology includes...

20. Jugular- 18ga
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
Define relative
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

21. Basophils
What color is a 22ga needle?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
what WBC do mast cells resemble
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

22. Seg
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

23. Vacuoles
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
All cells can get...
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

24. no body
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What color is a 25ga needle?

25. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

26. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

27. Eccentrocyte
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What are some causes of BM failure

28. Anisocytosis
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

29. Cat
During gestation is TP high or low?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
vacuoles
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

30. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

31. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

32. 3-6%
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

33. To observe for transfusion reactions
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

34. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What is an example of loss of RBC
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

35. 100
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What does a RTT contain?

36. Myelodysplasia
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is a WBC tumor?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

37. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

38. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

39. Vascular part - platelet plug
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

40. (PCV x 10)/RBC
The RBC morphology includes...
MCV
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

41. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia

42. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

43. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Name the 2 agranulocytes

44. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
What does ACT evaluate?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What is the stimulus for platelets
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

45. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is the function of protein?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

46. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

47. Increase at the same time
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
MCV
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

48. Metamyelocyte
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

49. blood
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

50. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?