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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

2. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

3. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?

4. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What are the 3 components of blood?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

5. Thrombin - fibrin
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
Fibrinogen > __________
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

6. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

7. Hemorrhage
What is an example of loss of RBC
What color is a 16ga needle?
What are the types of BM sample?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

8. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...

9. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What is serum?

10. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

11. (Hb x 10)/RBC
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
MCH

12. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

13. Horse
What is the method for BMBT?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

14. Prothrombinase
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What does ACT evaluate?

15. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the function of albumin?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
MCHC

16. Metamyelocyte
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
MCV
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

17. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

18. The preceding factor
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

19. Blood loss and dehydration
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

20. Dog
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What are the indications for BM sampling
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

21. 6 -000-17 -000/microliter; 5 -500-19 -500/microliter
chromatin
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

22. 50:50%; 0-5%; rare
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?

23. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

24. Macrophages
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin

25. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is serum?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

26. Cat
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

27. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

28. Dark - dense segmented nucleus
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

29. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

30. Shaking - too small a needle with too much neg. back pressure - intravascular hemolysis
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

31. Plastic bag - glass bottle - syringe
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

32. Increased concentration: dehydration
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first

33. But temporary
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

34. 1.000
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

35. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

36. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

37. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
granule
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

38. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
Fibrinogen > __________
Where does protein originate from?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?

39. Horse
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What color is a 25ga needle?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

40. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
What does the test thrombin time detect?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

41. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
List the order of Platelet production

42. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

43. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

44. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
What is TP measured in?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

45. 39-55 -30-36
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
Define artifact
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

46. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
what WBC do mast cells resemble
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What is a WBC tumor?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

47. Leptocyte
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

48. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?

49. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

50. RTT - LTT - BTT - Dia.
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
Define absolute
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

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