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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Define thromboembolic disorder
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

2. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is an example of increased destruction?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

3. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

4. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
Platelet morphology includes...
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

5. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

6. Metamyelocyte
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What is the function of albumin?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

7. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What is the function of immunglobins?
What do monocytes do?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

8. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
vacuoles

9. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

10. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

11. 60-70 -30-36
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What is another name for a blister cell?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

12. Basophils
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
At birth is TP high or low
what WBC do mast cells resemble

13. Bone marrow toxin - kidney failure - iron defiency
List the order of Platelet production
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What does the FDP test detect?
What is an example of decreased production?

14. Vacuoles
What is a WBC tumor?
All cells can get...
At birth is TP high or low
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

15. Cytauxzoon sp.
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is plasma?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

16. Anaplasma marginale
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the specific use for BTT?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

17. Dog
granule
What do you look for to identify a basophil
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

18. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What is the specific use for LTT?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

19. Thrombin - fibrin
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
Where does protein originate from?
What is plasma?
Fibrinogen > __________

20. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the specific use for BTT?
What organ produces EPO?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

21. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
Name the 3 granulocytes
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

22. Ghost cell
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

23. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

24. Trypanosoma sp
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What color is a 18ga needle?

25. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

26. Agglutination or hemolysis
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

27. Torocytes
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

28. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
MCHC
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What does VWF test evaluate?

29. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

30. Calculated a corrected WBC ct.
What is the definition of PCV?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

31. VWB
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

32. fresh
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

33. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
The WBC morphology includes...
What organ produces EPO?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

34. Cow
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

35. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

36. VWB
What is the specific use for BTT?
List the order of Platelet production
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

37. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
During gestation is TP high or low?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

38. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation - directly from patient
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

39. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
chromatin
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

40. Polychormatophilics
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

41. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

42. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What does VWF test evaluate?

43. Primary hemostasis and plt number
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What does plt count evaluate?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

44. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
What are the types of BM sample?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?

45. Room temperature
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?

46. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?

47. If buffer gets into the stain jar the slide will not stain correctly

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48. Horse
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

49. Acid citrate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (35 days)
All cells can get...
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

50. Normocytic
What color is a 16ga needle?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?