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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 3 times
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

2. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
Fibrinogen > __________
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

3. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

4. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

5. IV
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

6. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

7. Cow; dusty purple grey
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

8. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

9. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

10. blood
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...

11. Stomatocyte
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What color is a 18ga needle?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

12. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?

13. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

14. Green
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What color is a 18ga needle?

15. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
What is a serum separator tube?
What is an example of decreased production?
Define relative
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

16. (PCV x 10)/RBC
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
MCV
What is the function of immunglobins?
vacuoles

17. Basophilic stippling
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What does ACT evaluate?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

18. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What color is a 16ga needle?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
During gestation is TP high or low?

19. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What are the types of BM sample?
What are the 3 functions of platelets

20. Hypoxia
What color is a 16ga needle?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

21. Affects the GI tract
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What are some causes of BM failure
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

22. Acanthocytes
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
Platelet morphology includes...
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

23. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Define relative
What are some examples of immunologic?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

24. Hyperchromic
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What is fibrinolysis?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?

25. Size - shape - color - and +/- inclusions
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
The RBC morphology includes...
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

26. Thrombocytes
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the definition of PCV?

27. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

28. Von Willebrand's Disease
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are dohle bodies?

29. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What does BMBT evaluate
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

30. segmented nucleus
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
The WBC morphology includes...
Avian basophils do not have a...

31. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
MCH
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

32. 60-70 -30-36
Avian basophils do not have a...
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

33. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

34. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

35. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
MCV
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

36. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

37. PO
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What does a mature avian RBC look like

38. Heterophil
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Defects of hemostasis can be..

39. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

40. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

41. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

42. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is TP measured in?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...

43. Trypanosoma sp
At birth is TP high or low
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

44. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
What does VWF test evaluate?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
At birth is TP high or low
What does the test thrombin time detect?

45. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

46. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

47. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

48. Citrate intoxication- cardiac standstill - tremors - arrhythmias
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________

49. clump together
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What are some examples of immunologic?

50. PCV - TP - skin tugor - CRT
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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