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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Low - it takes 6-12 months to build up
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
At birth is TP high or low

2. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
What is fibrinolysis?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What is an example of increased destruction?

3. Anisocytosis
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

4. Coverslips
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

5. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

6. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

7. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

8. Thrombocytopenia
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

9. Saline wash
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

10. Schistocytes
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

11. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
All cells can get...
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

12. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

13. Myelocyte; yes
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

14. Black ring has a smaller diameter
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What does VWF test evaluate?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

15. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What does the test thrombin time detect?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

16. Size - shape - and number
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
Platelet morphology includes...
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is the method for ACT?

17. Myelodysplasia
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What is a WBC tumor?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Define thromboembolic disorder

18. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

19. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

20. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

21. Blue granules
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

22. 1.000
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What are the types of BM sample?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

23. Bleed them out
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

24. Empty package of negate stain
What is dysproteinemia?
vacuoles
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

25. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
What color is a 20ga needle?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

26. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

27. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
What is an example of loss of RBC
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are dohle bodies?

28. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What is the tx for RBC tumor
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

29. Leukocytosis
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

30. 3-6%
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Define thromboembolic disorder
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

31. Monolayer on 40x
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

32. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

33. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
All cells can get...

34. The preceding factor
What color is a 16ga needle?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is the method for BMBT?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

35. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the tx for RBC tumor

36. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
granule

37. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

38. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

39. CBC in birds and reptiles
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

40. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
All cells can get...
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

41. Blood gases
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

42. Macrocytosis
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

43. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
At birth is TP high or low
What are dohle bodies?

44. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

45. 100
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

46. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

47. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What are some examples of immunologic?

48. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
During gestation is TP high or low?

49. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Name the 3 granulocytes

50. PO
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is an example of decreased production?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils