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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
What does VWF test evaluate?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

2. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

3. Trypanosoma sp
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

4. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What do monocytes do?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
The RBC morphology includes...

5. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What 2 ways does a platelet form?

6. Degree of the difference
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

7. No - but it is not ideal
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

8. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

9. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation - directly from patient
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.

10. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What is serum?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

11. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

12. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

13. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
Define thromboembolic disorder

14. Hereditary
What is an example of increased destruction?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

15. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

16. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What organ produces EPO?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

17. Keratocyte
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

18. Macrocytic
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

19. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

20. Jugular- 20ga
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

21. 3 times
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

22. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Define thromboembolic disorder

23. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What is contained in the buffy coat?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

24. Platelets stick to each other
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What happens during aggregation
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

25. Microcytic
What does VWF test evaluate?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

26. Cat
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

27. Hypochromic
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

28. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What is the method for BMBT?

29. Anemia
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

30. Hemorrhage
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

31. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

32. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What organ produces EPO?
What is the function of protein?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

33. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What is dysproteinemia?

34. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

35. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What does BMBT evaluate
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What do you look for to identify a basophil

36. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What is the specific use for BTT?

37. Empty package of negate stain
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
vacuoles
What is an example of increased destruction?
List the order of Platelet production

38. doesn't last that long
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

39. Band neutrophil
chromatin
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
List the order of Platelet production
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

40. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is this the test of choice for?

41. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the function of albumin?

42. CBC
What is plasma?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What is the specific use for LTT?

43. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

44. Thrombocytes
What are the types of BM sample?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________

45. VIII and vWB
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?

46. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

47. Acanthocytes
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?

48. Increase in RBCs
Define polycythemia
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What does ACT evaluate?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

49. Hemolysis and clot
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

50. Breakdown of a clot
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What is fibrinolysis?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________