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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

2. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
Define polycythemia

3. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
Define thromboembolic disorder

4. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What are the 3 functions of platelets
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

5. True deviation in the amount
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
Define absolute
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

6. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?

7. The preceding factor
What is this the test of choice for?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

8. Macrophages
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

9. Horse
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

10. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

11. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

12. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

13. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What is the stimulus for platelets

14. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
MCH
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

15. 39-55 -30-36
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

16. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

17. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
Name the 3 granulocytes
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

18. Increase at the same time
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
During gestation is TP high or low?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

19. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?

20. Heterophil
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

21. Lymphocyte - monocyte
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

22. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

23. 3-6%
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

24. Liver
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
At birth is TP high or low

25. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

26. Shaking - too small a needle with too much neg. back pressure - intravascular hemolysis
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

27. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

28. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What does the FDP test detect?
What is plasma?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

29. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

30. Room temperature
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

31. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What is another name for a blister cell?

32. Increase in RBCs
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
Define polycythemia
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

33. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

34. Agglutination or hemolysis
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

35. Antigen or foreign protein
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

36. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
What does the FDP test detect?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

37. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

38. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
Where does protein originate from?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

39. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What is serum?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

40. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What color is a 16ga needle?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

41. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

42. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
What is fibrinolysis?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?

43. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What do monocytes do?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

44. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

45. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?

46. Primary hemostasis
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What does BMBT evaluate

47. Macrocytosis
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
At birth is TP high or low

48. defective maturation series
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What does the FDP test detect?

49. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

50. Reticulocyte count
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What are dohle bodies?

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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