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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Size - shape - and number
What are some causes of BM failure
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
Platelet morphology includes...

2. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

3. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What does VWF test evaluate?

4. Liver and lymphoid tissue
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What does the FDP test detect?
Where are immunoglobins made?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

5. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What color is a 25ga needle?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

6. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
The WBC morphology includes...
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

7. Neovascularization
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What does plt count evaluate?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

8. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What are dohle bodies?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

9. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is the definition of PCV?
Where does protein originate from?

10. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
What organ produces EPO?
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

11. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What does ACT evaluate?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

12. Degree of the difference
What does ACT evaluate?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

13. Maintains osmotic pressure
What is the function of albumin?
Where are immunoglobins made?
What is the stimulus for platelets
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

14. Hemorrhage
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What does the test thrombin time detect?

15. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

16. Polychormatophilics
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Define absolute

17. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
Fibrinolysis is...

18. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
What is a serum separator tube?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What are the 3 components of blood?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

19. 5-7
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

20. Platelets stick to each other
Fibrinogen > __________
What happens during aggregation
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
chromatin

21. Normocytic
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

22. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?

23. segmented nucleus
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Avian basophils do not have a...
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...

24. Primary hemostasis and plt number
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What does plt count evaluate?

25. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

26. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

27. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What do monocytes do?
What is the method for BMBT?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

28. Macrophages
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

29. Anemia
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
what WBC do mast cells resemble

30. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What is an example of decreased production?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

31. 450 mls; 56 mls
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

32. Hemosiderin - erythrophagocytosis; IMHA
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

33. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

34. Size - shape - color - and +/- inclusions
The RBC morphology includes...
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

35. Basophils
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
what WBC do mast cells resemble

36. True deviation in the amount
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
Define absolute
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

37. Blood loss and dehydration
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....

38. Marrow failure and tumor staging
What color is a 20ga needle?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What are the indications for BM sampling
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

39. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What is dysproteinemia?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

40. Genetic material in the nucleus
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
chromatin
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

41. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
What does a RTT contain?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What does hemosiderin look like?

42. Calculated a corrected WBC ct.
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

43. Primary hemostasis
What does BMBT evaluate
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

44. clump together
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
Thrombocytes tend to...
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

45. doesn't last that long
MCV
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Define absolute

46. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What does ACT evaluate?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

47. Acid citrate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (35 days)
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

48. Vacuoles
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
All cells can get...
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

49. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

50. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?