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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
chromatin
What are some examples of immunologic?

2. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
MCHC
What is fibrinolysis?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

3. Agglutination or hemolysis
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

4. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
The WBC morphology includes...
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

5. Liver function - immune status - hydrations - kidney function - and GI function
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

6. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

7. Prognosis and tx protocol
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

8. Yes
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
During gestation is TP high or low?

9. Hereditary
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is fibrinolysis?

10. Macrocytosis
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

11. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What is the function of protein?

12. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

13. Primary hemostasis
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the definition of PCV?
What does BMBT evaluate
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

14. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Microsytosis is often seen in...

15. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
Defects of hemostasis can be..
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is plasma?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

16. VWB factor
Adhesion requires what factor?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What are the 3 components of blood?

17. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

18. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
What does VWF test evaluate?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

19. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

20. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What are some causes of BM failure
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

21. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
Platelet morphology includes...
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

22. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

23. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
List the order of Platelet production
granule

24. Cow
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

25. Hemolysis and clot
Platelet morphology includes...
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

26. In the fridge - in the freezer
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

27. Rouleaux or agglutination
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are the 2 main proteins?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

28. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What does plt count evaluate?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?

29. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

30. Perform 2 or more of the test
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

31. Trypanosoma sp
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

32. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
The WBC morphology includes...
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

33. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is dysproteinemia?

34. Degree of the difference
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

35. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What do monocytes do?

36. Horse
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?

37. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

38. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

39. That the blood is compatible with recipient
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What is a serum separator tube?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

40. Mycoplasma haemoncanis
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

41. 100
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What is TP measured in?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

42. segmented nucleus
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
Avian basophils do not have a...
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

43. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

44. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What are dohle bodies?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Adhesion requires what factor?

45. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

46. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

47. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What is serum?
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

48. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What is a serum separator tube?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

49. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

50. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What happens during aggregation