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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

2. Aggregate
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

3. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are 3 effects of EPO?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are the blood types of a cat?

4. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What do monocytes do?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

5. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

6. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

7. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

8. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
What are some examples of immunologic?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first

9. Hyperchromic
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is a serum separator tube?

10. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?

11. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What does hemosiderin look like?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

12. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What are dohle bodies?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

13. Salivation - v/d - dyspnea - death
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

14. Genetic material in the nucleus
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
chromatin
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?

15. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis

16. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What does ACT evaluate?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

17. Basophilic stippling
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
The WBC morphology includes...
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?

18. Vit K
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

19. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

20. WBC identification rule of thumb
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

21. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

22. No - but it is not ideal
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

23. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

24. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
Define artifact
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What color is a 16ga needle?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

25. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

26. Contact activation
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

27. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What does BMBT evaluate
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

28. Trypanosoma sp
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What is fibrinolysis?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

29. Dog
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

30. 1.000
What is another name for a blister cell?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

31. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

32. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What does BMBT evaluate
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

33. Primary hemostasis
What does BMBT evaluate
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What is the method for BMBT?

34. Beter distribution/transport of oxygen - do not have to cross match
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

35. oval
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

36. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

37. Poikilocytosis
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
During gestation is TP high or low?

38. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
What is the function of immunglobins?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

39. Increased concentration: dehydration
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

40. Affects the GI tract
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
Name the 3 granulocytes
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is an example of increased destruction?

41. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

42. Metamyelocyte
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What are some examples of immunologic?

43. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are dohle bodies?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

44. Rouleaux or agglutination
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

45. (PCV x 10)/RBC
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
MCV

46. Decreased concentration: over hydration
Name the 3 granulocytes
The RBC morphology includes...
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

47. Citrate intoxication- cardiac standstill - tremors - arrhythmias
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is an example of increased destruction?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

48. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

49. Microcytic
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?

50. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What is TP measured in?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?