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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Prognosis and tx protocol
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

2. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...

3. IV catheter; IO or IP
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What color is a 22ga needle?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

4. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
Name the 3 granulocytes
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

5. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is the method for BMBT?

6. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

7. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

8. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

9. Fibrin clot
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

10. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

11. Liver function - immune status - hydrations - kidney function - and GI function
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

12. Acetaminophin - maple leaves - onions - and zinc
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?

13. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
What does the test thrombin time detect?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

14. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

15. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

16. Horse
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

17. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

18. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

19. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is an example of decreased production?

20. hereditary or acquired
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
Defects of hemostasis can be..
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What is the function of albumin?

21. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

22. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

23. Yes
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

24. Platelets stick to each other
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What happens during aggregation
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

25. New Anemia -Decrease production anemia
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What is a serum separator tube?

26. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What are the indications for BM sampling
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

27. Vascular part - platelet plug
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
A vascular spasm is immediate...
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

28. Dog
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
MCH

29. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

30. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

31. 37-55% - 30-45%
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

32. Lymphosarcoma
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

33. Myelodysplasia
The RBC morphology includes...
Define relative
What is a WBC tumor?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

34. Thrombocytopenia
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What are 3 effects of EPO?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

35. Leukocytozoon spp
What are 3 effects of EPO?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

36. II - VII - IX - X
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What color is a 16ga needle?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

37. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

38. Leptocyte
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

39. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

40. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

41. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
The WBC morphology includes...
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

42. Fill a DET tube - gently mix - set timer - keep in warm spot - check tube every 10 sec until clot forms stop timer
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What is the method for ACT?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
MCV

43. 3-6%
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is an example of loss of RBC
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

44. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

45. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

46. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

47. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

48. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

49. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
Name the 3 granulocytes

50. Jugular- 20ga
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
Name the 3 granulocytes