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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Anisocytosis
What organ produces EPO?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

2. Compensatory mechanisms
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

3. Heterophil
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

4. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

5. Grey
What is the stimulus for platelets
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Fibrinogen > __________
What color is a 16ga needle?

6. That the blood is compatible with recipient
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?

7. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

8. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

9. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation - directly from patient
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is another name for a blister cell?

10. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

11. Spherocyte
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What are the types of BM sample?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?

12. doesn't last that long
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

13. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What is the function of protein?

14. Hypoxia
What is the function of albumin?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What are the indications for BM sampling
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

15. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
Name the 3 granulocytes
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What does VWF test evaluate?

16. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What is the method for ACT?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

17. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What is the specific use for LTT?
MCHC

18. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What does the FDP test detect?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

19. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

20. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

21. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

22. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

23. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What does the FDP test detect?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

24. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What do monocytes do?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What is the function of immunglobins?

25. Megakaryocyte
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

26. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What is an example of decreased production?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

27. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
Define artifact
What does ACT evaluate?

28. Affects the GI tract
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

29. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

30. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

31. 7-10 days
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

32. B/c eos produce anti histamine to counteract the histamine i the mast cell granules
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What does VWF test evaluate?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

33. Tissue factor - prothrombinase
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

34. Liver
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
Define relative
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

35. Von Willebrand's Disease
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What is a serum separator tube?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

36. Low - it takes 6-12 months to build up
What does ACT evaluate?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
At birth is TP high or low
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?

37. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
The RBC morphology includes...
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

38. Hemolysis and clot
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is an example of decreased production?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

39. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

40. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What are the blood types of a cat?

41. But temporary
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

42. Anemia
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

43. VIII and vWB
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

44. Torocytes
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

45. Coagulation studies
What is the specific use for BTT?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

46. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

47. defective maturation series
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

48. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

49. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What does the test thrombin time detect?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What are the 3 functions of platelets

50. Anterior vena cava- 16ga 3-3.5 inches - ear vein- 21ga butterfly
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
MCHC