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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Pink granules
What is an example of loss of RBC
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

2. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

3. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What does ACT evaluate?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

4. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

5. B/c eos produce anti histamine to counteract the histamine i the mast cell granules
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What is the function of albumin?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

6. Size - shape - and number
What do you look for to identify a basophil
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
Platelet morphology includes...
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

7. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

8. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What is fibrinolysis?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
MCHC

9. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

10. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What do monocytes do?
What are the indications for BM sampling
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

11. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What is serum?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
List the order of Platelet production
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?

12. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

13. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

14. 3-6%
What is fibrinolysis?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

15. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

16. Round to oval; ameboid
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

17. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

18. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

19. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

20. Horse
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is the tx for RBC tumor

21. 5-7
Where are immunoglobins made?
The WBC morphology includes...
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

22. Lymphosarcoma
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

23. Hemolysis and clot
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

24. Kidney
What organ produces EPO?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is the specific use for BTT?

25. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

26. Monolayer on 40x
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

27. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?

28. Anisocytosis
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

29. oval
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the definition of PCV?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

30. Prothrombin time
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

31. Poikilocytosis
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
vacuoles
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

32. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

33. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are dohle bodies?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

34. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What is the tx for RBC tumor

35. The preceding factor
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

36. Dog
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

37. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What does VWF test evaluate?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

38. IV
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is fibrinolysis?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

39. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What do monocytes do?
Adhesion requires what factor?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

40. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

41. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

42. Promoters - inhibitors
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

43. Breakdown of a clot
What is fibrinolysis?
What does the FDP test detect?
Where are immunoglobins made?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

44. PCV - TP - skin tugor - CRT
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

45. Antigen or foreign protein
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

46. Blood glucose
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

47. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

48. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
At birth is TP high or low
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

49. Thrombocytes
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

50. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?