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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Thrombocytes
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

2. Hemosiderin - erythrophagocytosis; IMHA
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

3. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?

4. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

5. Spherocyte
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Define thromboembolic disorder
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

6. Band neutrophil
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

7. The preceding factor
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

8. Myelodysplasia
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
Thrombocytes tend to...

9. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
What is the function of protein?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

10. Hemoproteus spp
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

11. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
During secretion What does PF3 do?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

12. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

13. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

14. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

15. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

16. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What are the indications for BM sampling
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

17. Lymphosarcoma
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

18. Leukocytozoon spp
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
chromatin
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

19. segmented nucleus
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

20. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

21. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

22. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

23. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
Where are immunoglobins made?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What do monocytes do?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

24. VWB
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
List the order of Platelet production
Fibrinogen > __________

25. Increased concentration: dehydration
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

26. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?

27. Cat
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

28. Microcytic
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

29. 37-55% - 30-45%
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
A vascular spasm is immediate...

30. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
What color is a 16ga needle?
MCHC
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

31. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

32. Membrane bound package of chemicals
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
Thrombocytes tend to...
granule
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

33. NRBC
Fibrinogen > __________
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

34. Blue
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What color is a 22ga needle?

35. Free or Unbound TPO
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
All cells can get...

36. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
Avian basophils do not have a...
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

37. Heterophil
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

38. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

39. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

40. defective maturation series
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
MCV

41. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the function of albumin?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?

42. Contact activation
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

43. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What is contained in the buffy coat?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

44. Dog
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?

45. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What are some examples of immunologic?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

46. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
What are some examples of immunologic?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

47. Band
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

48. Kidney
What organ produces EPO?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

49. Thrombopathias and vascular
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is this the test of choice for?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

50. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?