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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What is the specific use for BTT?
What organ produces EPO?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

2. True deviation in the amount
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
Define absolute
What is contained in the buffy coat?

3. Hemorrhage
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
MCHC
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

4. 2 years at room temperature
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

5. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors

6. Calculated a corrected WBC ct.
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

7. Tissue factor - prothrombinase
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
MCV

8. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

9. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

10. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
All cells can get...
Avian basophils do not have a...
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

11. Heparin and 3.8% Na Citrate
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is the specific use for BTT?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

12. Increase
All cells can get...
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

13. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

14. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

15. segmented nucleus
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
Avian basophils do not have a...

16. Affects the GI tract
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

17. Acetaminophin - maple leaves - onions - and zinc
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

18. Thrombocytes
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are the 2 main proteins?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

19. Basophilic stippling
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is the function of immunglobins?

20. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
What is an example of increased destruction?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

21. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What does a RTT contain?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

22. 100
What are the indications for BM sampling
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

23. Blood gases
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

24. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

25. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

26. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
At birth is TP high or low
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What color is a 20ga needle?

27. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?

28. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

29. Lymphocyte - monocyte
Name the 2 agranulocytes
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

30. (Hb x 10)/RBC
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
MCHC
MCH
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?

31. Blue
What color is a 22ga needle?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is dysproteinemia?

32. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

33. Cytauxzoon sp.
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

34. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
Define relative
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

35. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
chromatin

36. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is dysproteinemia?

37. 5-7
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What is the function of immunglobins?

38. don't cause clots
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...

39. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

40. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
The WBC morphology includes...
Define absolute
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

41. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

42. Fibrin clot
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

43. Dog
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

44. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
What are the blood types of a cat?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

45. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

46. clump together
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
Thrombocytes tend to...

47. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

48. Normocytic
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

49. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

50. (PCV x 10)/RBC
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
MCV
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?