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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Anaplasma marginale
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

2. Leukocytozoon spp
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
Define thromboembolic disorder
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

3. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What is dysproteinemia?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

4. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
granule
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin

5. Myelodysplasia
What is a WBC tumor?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

6. Thrombin - fibrin
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
Fibrinolysis is...
Fibrinogen > __________
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

7. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

8. Kidney
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What organ produces EPO?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

9. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

10. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?

11. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

12. Platelets stick to each other
What happens during aggregation
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________

13. Tissue factor - prothrombinase
Thrombocytes tend to...
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What is the function of immunglobins?

14. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

15. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

16. Stomatocyte
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

17. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

18. RTT - LTT - BTT - Dia.
The RBC morphology includes...
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

19. don't cause clots
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

20. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
MCH
Define absolute
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

21. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
Define polycythemia

22. Thrombopathias and vascular
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is this the test of choice for?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

23. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

24. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

25. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
Define artifact
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

26. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

27. The preceding factor
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

28. New Anemia -Decrease production anemia
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

29. Fibrin
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

30. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

31. To observe for transfusion reactions
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?

32. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

33. 1.000
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is the biggest error in hematology?

34. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the method for ACT?
What do monocytes do?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

35. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

36. Contact activation
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is the specific use for BTT?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?

37. If buffer gets into the stain jar the slide will not stain correctly

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38. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What is an example of increased destruction?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors

39. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

40. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What is another name for a blister cell?

41. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What are the types of BM sample?
What is dysproteinemia?

42. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
Define polycythemia
Where does protein originate from?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is the biggest error in hematology?

43. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

44. Heterophil
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

45. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Define artifact
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

46. Thrombin - platelets
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
During secretion What does PF3 do?

47. Jugular- 18ga
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

48. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What is serum?

49. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

50. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?