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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What organ produces EPO?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

2. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

3. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
Define polycythemia
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

4. don't cause clots
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?

5. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

6. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
What is dysproteinemia?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

7. No - but it is not ideal
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What does ACT evaluate?

8. They increase
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What is an example of increased destruction?
Fibrinolysis is...
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

9. Hypoxia
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

10. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
Define relative

11. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

12. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
chromatin
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What are the indications for BM sampling

13. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
Thrombocytes tend to...
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

14. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What does VWF test evaluate?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

15. Tissue factor - prothrombinase
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

16. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?

17. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What are some examples of immunologic?

18. Grey
What color is a 16ga needle?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.

19. The preceding factor
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

20. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the definition of PCV?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

21. Promoters - inhibitors
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

22. WBC identification rule of thumb
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

23. Horse
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

24. Antigen or foreign protein
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

25. Liver Failure - DIC
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

26. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

27. Obs = # retics/1000 x 100 COR = (Pt PCV/ Average PCV) x observed % Abs = # retics/1000 x RBC ct
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

28. Coverslips
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

29. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

30. BTT
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?

31. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

32. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

33. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
granule

34. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What happens during aggregation
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are the 3 components of blood?

35. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

36. Megakaryocyte
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

37. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What is the method for BMBT?

38. clump together
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Thrombocytes tend to...
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

39. w/o anemia
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia

40. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What are dohle bodies?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?

41. Iatrogenic
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
The RBC morphology includes...
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

42. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

43. Yes
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

44. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
What color is a 18ga needle?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

45. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What does a RTT contain?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

46. Increase at the same time
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What does a RTT contain?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

47. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

48. VWB factor
Adhesion requires what factor?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

49. Leukocytozoon spp
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

50. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are the types of BM sample?