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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

2. Echinocytes
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What is this the test of choice for?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
MCH

3. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
What is an example of decreased production?
What does VWF test evaluate?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

4. Kidney
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
MCH
What organ produces EPO?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

5. Mycoplasma haemoncanis
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

6. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
What is the definition of PCV?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?

7. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
Define absolute
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

8. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What does plt count evaluate?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?

9. Increase in RBCs
What color is a 22ga needle?
Define polycythemia
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

10. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

11. Macrocytic
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?

12. Liver and lymphoid tissue
List the order of Platelet production
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
Where are immunoglobins made?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

13. present in the blood
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

14. Red
What color is a 25ga needle?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

15. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

16. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

17. That the blood is compatible with recipient
Adhesion requires what factor?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
At birth is TP high or low

18. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
Adhesion requires what factor?
Define artifact

19. Decreased concentration: over hydration
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

20. Heterophil
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

21. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

22. Leptocyte
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?

23. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What does plt count evaluate?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?

24. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

25. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What is the function of albumin?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

26. no body
Define artifact
What is serum?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

27. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

28. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are some causes of BM failure
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What are some examples of immunologic?
Define polycythemia

29. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

30. Blue
What color is a 22ga needle?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

31. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

32. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Fibrinolysis is...
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?

33. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

34. Ghost cell
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
All cells can get...
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

35. Grey
What color is a 16ga needle?
What does BMBT evaluate
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

36. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What is this the test of choice for?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

37. Room temperature
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

38. Polychormatophilics
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

39. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

40. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

41. Band neutrophil
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?

42. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?

43. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

44. 2 years at room temperature
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

45. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

46. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
MCHC
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What are some causes of BM failure
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

47. Compensatory mechanisms
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

48. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What does a mature avian RBC look like

49. Aggregate
What do monocytes do?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

50. Dog
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Fibrinogen > __________
granule
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?