Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What is the stimulus for platelets
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

2. 3 times
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

3. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

4. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is TP measured in?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

5. Obs = # retics/1000 x 100 COR = (Pt PCV/ Average PCV) x observed % Abs = # retics/1000 x RBC ct
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

6. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
What is an example of increased destruction?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What does a RTT contain?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

7. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What organ produces EPO?

8. Breakdown of a clot
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is fibrinolysis?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

9. Saline wash
What is an example of decreased production?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

10. Macrocytic
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

11. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

12. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?

13. Cytauxzoon sp.
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

14. New Anemia -Decrease production anemia
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

15. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

16. Von Willebrand's Disease
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

17. True deviation in the amount
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Define absolute
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

18. 37-55% - 30-45%
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What does plt count evaluate?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

19. 1.1 - 1.2 - and 7
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

20. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

21. Coagulation studies
What is the specific use for BTT?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

22. Aggregate
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

23. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?

24. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is the function of protein?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

25. SQ
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

26. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

27. Seg
Where are immunoglobins made?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

28. Trypanosoma sp
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

29. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

30. Torocytes
What is serum?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

31. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

32. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
What color is a 16ga needle?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

33. But temporary
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

34. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What does ACT evaluate?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

35. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
Define relative
What is the function of albumin?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

36. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
Avian basophils do not have a...
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.

37. Anemia
What does the FDP test detect?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is this the test of choice for?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

38. clump together
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

39. Pink granules
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

40. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

41. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

42. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

43. Heparin and 3.8% Na Citrate
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What does hemosiderin look like?
What does the FDP test detect?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

44. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

45. Eccentrocyte
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What is another name for a blister cell?

46. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

47. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

48. Metamyelocyte
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

49. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

50. Macrophages
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin