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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
All cells can get...
What is a serum separator tube?

2. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

3. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

4. Blue
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
Define relative
What is the stimulus for platelets
What color is a 22ga needle?

5. 60-70 -30-36
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
At birth is TP high or low
What are the blood types of a cat?
Name the 2 agranulocytes

6. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What does BMBT evaluate

7. Coagulation studies
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
MCHC
Platelet morphology includes...
What is the specific use for BTT?

8. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

9. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

10. Maintains osmotic pressure
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the function of albumin?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

11. Antigen or foreign protein
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the definition of PCV?

12. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is serum?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

13. 3-6%
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

14. Liver Failure - DIC
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects

15. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What color is a 16ga needle?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

16. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Define relative
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

17. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

18. In the fridge - in the freezer
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?

19. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

20. SQ
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are dohle bodies?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
MCV

21. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

22. Heterophil
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

23. Thrombin - fibrin
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
vacuoles
Fibrinogen > __________

24. Ehrlichia sp.
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the 3 components of blood?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

25. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

26. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

27. Liver
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis

28. Anemia
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

29. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is a WBC tumor?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

30. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What is the method for ACT?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

31. Jar 1- wright's stain - set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 2 - buffer with 1 pipette of wright's stain- set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 3 - distille water - dip slide into jar 7-10 one sec dips

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32. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

33. Blood loss and dehydration
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

34. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
During gestation is TP high or low?
What does hemosiderin look like?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

35. Macrocytic
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are the types of BM sample?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

36. Affects the GI tract
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
The WBC morphology includes...
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

37. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

38. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What are the indications for BM sampling
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Name the 3 granulocytes

39. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What are the types of BM sample?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

40. Myelodysplasia
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
granule
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is a WBC tumor?

41. Platelets stick to each other
What does a RTT contain?
What happens during aggregation
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

42. Ghost cell
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What color is a 22ga needle?

43. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What is a serum separator tube?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is this the test of choice for?

44. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What does plt count evaluate?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

45. fresh
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

46. 3 times
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

47. Liver and lymphoid tissue
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is a WBC tumor?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
Where are immunoglobins made?

48. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What does ACT evaluate?

49. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What do monocytes do?
What are some causes of BM failure

50. Polychormatophilics
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
Define polycythemia
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood