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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are some examples of immunologic?

2. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
Fibrinogen > __________
Define polycythemia
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?

3. Cat
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

4. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
What does VWF test evaluate?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

5. Torocytes
Define thromboembolic disorder
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What organ produces EPO?

6. IV catheter; IO or IP
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

7. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

8. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
Fibrinolysis is...
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What color is a 20ga needle?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

9. True deviation in the amount
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
Define absolute
What color is a 22ga needle?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

10. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

11. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
What is dysproteinemia?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

12. Albumin and immunglobins
chromatin
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What are the 2 main proteins?

13. Thrombocytopenia
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

14. Antigen or foreign protein
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

15. Degree of the difference
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

16. Beter distribution/transport of oxygen - do not have to cross match
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
All cells can get...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

17. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
What are some causes of BM failure
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What does VWF test evaluate?

18. 39-55 -30-36
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Define thromboembolic disorder

19. Thrombin - fibrin
Fibrinogen > __________
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?

20. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What color is a 22ga needle?

21. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the definition of PCV?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better

22. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
MCV
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

23. Lymphocyte - monocyte
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What is the tx for RBC tumor
Name the 2 agranulocytes

24. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What do monocytes do?

25. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

26. Von Willebrand's Disease
What organ produces EPO?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

27. Liver
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

28. Jar 1- wright's stain - set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 2 - buffer with 1 pipette of wright's stain- set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 3 - distille water - dip slide into jar 7-10 one sec dips

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29. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

30. Prothrombinase
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

31. 37-55% - 30-45%
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
chromatin
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What are the indications for BM sampling

32. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What color is a 25ga needle?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

33. Fill a DET tube - gently mix - set timer - keep in warm spot - check tube every 10 sec until clot forms stop timer
What is the method for ACT?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
Platelet morphology includes...

34. Target cell
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

35. Horse
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What are the 2 main proteins?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

36. Seg
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

37. Cow; dusty purple grey
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

38. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

39. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
chromatin

40. Howell-Jolly Bodies
What are some examples of immunologic?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

41. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

42. Trypanosoma sp
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

43. Anisocytosis
What color is a 25ga needle?
The WBC morphology includes...
What does the FDP test detect?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

44. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What color is a 20ga needle?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

45. Stomatocyte
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?

46. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

47. VWB
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

48. Distilled water on refractometer or an uncalbrated refractometer
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

49. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
During gestation is TP high or low?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What color is a 20ga needle?

50. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?