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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. fresh
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What does VWF test evaluate?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is TP measured in?

2. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
During gestation is TP high or low?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

3. Ehrlichia sp.
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

4. Mycoplasma haemoncanis
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
Define relative
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

5. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
What is the specific use for BTT?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
At birth is TP high or low
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

6. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

7. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
During secretion What does PF3 do?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

8. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What happens during aggregation
Define artifact

9. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

10. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What does a RTT contain?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

11. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
What do monocytes do?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

12. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

13. Howell-Jolly Bodies
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?

14. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is plasma?
During gestation is TP high or low?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?

15. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

16. Eccentrocyte
MCV
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What happens during aggregation

17. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

18. Primary granules; no
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

19. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

20. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
Microsytosis is often seen in...
MCV
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

21. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What are some examples of immunologic?
Define polycythemia
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

22. 3-6%
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What is an example of increased destruction?
What is the definition of PCV?

23. Cellular - acellular - and fluid
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What are the 3 components of blood?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

24. Morbillivirus sp
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What are some causes of BM failure
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

25. present in the blood
What is the function of protein?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

26. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
Define polycythemia
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What 2 ways does a platelet form?

27. Thrombopathias and vascular
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is this the test of choice for?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

28. Hyperchromic
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

29. Fibrin
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

30. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?

31. Hemorrhage
What color is a 16ga needle?
List the order of Platelet production
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is an example of loss of RBC

32. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
List the order of Platelet production
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

33. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

34. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Define thromboembolic disorder
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

35. 100
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

36. Leukocytozoon spp
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What are some causes of BM failure
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

37. Anaplasma marginale
What does ACT evaluate?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
MCH
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

38. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

39. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?

40. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

41. Band
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Fibrinolysis is...
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

42. Lymphosarcoma
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

43. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

44. Megakaryocyte
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

45. Hemolysis and clot
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

46. Blood chemistries
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

47. NRBC
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

48. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

49. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

50. Leukocytosis
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?