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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

2. Jugular- 20ga
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What color is a 16ga needle?

3. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

4. Increase
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Define thromboembolic disorder

5. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

6. 5-7
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What happens during aggregation
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

7. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors

8. Cellular - acellular - and fluid
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What does ACT evaluate?

9. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What does a mature avian RBC look like

10. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

11. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

12. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What is serum?
What are the blood types of a cat?

13. Bone marrow toxin - kidney failure - iron defiency
What color is a 25ga needle?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is an example of decreased production?

14. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?

15. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

16. Band
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

17. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

18. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
During secretion What does PF3 do?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

19. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What are the types of BM sample?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What are some examples of immunologic?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

20. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

21. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

22. Increased concentration: dehydration
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

23. Liver
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What is the specific use for LTT?
During gestation is TP high or low?

24. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

25. Von Willebrand's Disease
What are the 3 functions of platelets
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What is this the test of choice for?

26. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
Define artifact
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Fibrinolysis is...

27. Membrane bound package of chemicals
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
granule
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

28. Target cell
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the specific use for LTT?

29. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

30. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What do monocytes do?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

31. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
Define polycythemia
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

32. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
MCV
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

33. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

34. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What is the stimulus for platelets
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

35. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

36. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

37. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

38. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is this the test of choice for?

39. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

40. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

41. Jar 1- wright's stain - set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 2 - buffer with 1 pipette of wright's stain- set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 3 - distille water - dip slide into jar 7-10 one sec dips

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42. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
What does a RTT contain?
MCV
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
granule

43. Leukocytosis
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What does VWF test evaluate?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

44. Horse
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?

45. Obs = # retics/1000 x 100 COR = (Pt PCV/ Average PCV) x observed % Abs = # retics/1000 x RBC ct
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

46. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

47. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

48. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

49. Anemia
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What does the test thrombin time detect?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

50. Increase at the same time
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?