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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Empty package of negate stain
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
vacuoles
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

2. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Define absolute
What is the definition of PCV?

3. Increase
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Fibrinolysis is...

4. Reticulocyte count
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors

5. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What does plt count evaluate?
What does BMBT evaluate

6. Primary hemostasis
What does BMBT evaluate
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What are the 3 components of blood?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

7. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What is the function of immunglobins?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

8. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

9. Target cell
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are the 3 components of blood?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

10. Dark - dense segmented nucleus
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
Name the 2 agranulocytes

11. Normocytic
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

12. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

13. Heterophil
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

14. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the method for BMBT?

15. Anaplasma marginale
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

16. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

17. Room temperature
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Avian basophils do not have a...
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

18. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What are the blood types of a cat?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

19. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What does BMBT evaluate
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?

20. NRBC
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

21. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

22. Myelodysplasia
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is a WBC tumor?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

23. Degree of the difference
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

24. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What does the FDP test detect?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

25. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

26. .98mls to .02mls
What is plasma?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

27. segmented nucleus
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
Avian basophils do not have a...

28. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better

29. Hypoxia
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

30. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the biggest error in hematology?

31. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

32. Liver
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

33. Bone marrow toxin - kidney failure - iron defiency
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What are dohle bodies?
What is an example of decreased production?

34. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
chromatin

35. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What color is a 18ga needle?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

36. Anemia
What does ACT evaluate?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

37. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

38. Coverslips
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

39. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

40. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

41. Polychormatophilics
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

42. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Defects of hemostasis can be..

43. Thrombopathias and vascular
What is this the test of choice for?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?

44. VIII and vWB
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What are the types of BM sample?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What is the definition of PCV?

45. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is another name for a blister cell?

46. 3-6%
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

47. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

48. Basophilic stippling
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

49. Leukocytosis
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?

50. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is the function of protein?

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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