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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What is another name for a blister cell?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

2. Liver
What is plasma?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

3. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

4. B/c eos produce anti histamine to counteract the histamine i the mast cell granules
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

5. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the blood types of a cat?

6. Vit K
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

7. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What does hemosiderin look like?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

8. Black ring has a smaller diameter
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

9. In the fridge - in the freezer
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

10. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are the blood types of a cat?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
MCH

11. Basophils
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
what WBC do mast cells resemble

12. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

13. Ghost cell
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What are dohle bodies?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the method for ACT?

14. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

15. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

16. Liver function - immune status - hydrations - kidney function - and GI function
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What is this the test of choice for?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the function of immunglobins?

17. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

18. Hemosiderin - erythrophagocytosis; IMHA
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
During gestation is TP high or low?

19. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
The WBC morphology includes...
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is the tx for RBC tumor

20. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

21. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Fibrinolysis is...
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

22. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

23. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
what WBC do mast cells resemble
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

24. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

25. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

26. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What color is a 22ga needle?

27. WBC identification rule of thumb
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

28. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is the definition of PCV?

29. 2 years at room temperature
Define thromboembolic disorder
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?

30. Platelets stick to each other
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What happens during aggregation
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

31. Ehrlichia sp.
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is TP measured in?

32. Cow; dusty purple grey
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

33. 3 times
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

34. Prognosis and tx protocol
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?

35. Agglutination or hemolysis
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

36. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
What does VWF test evaluate?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
During secretion What does PF3 do?

37. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

38. Jugular- 20ga
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What does hemosiderin look like?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

39. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

40. PO
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What color is a 16ga needle?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

41. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
What is TP measured in?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

42. Affects the GI tract
What is the function of immunglobins?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

43. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What does ACT evaluate?
What are the types of BM sample?

44. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

45. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

46. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

47. Hyperchromic
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What do monocytes do?

48. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What does plt count evaluate?

49. CBC in birds and reptiles
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

50. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What do monocytes do?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better