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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. That the blood is compatible with recipient
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are some causes of BM failure
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

2. Thrombocytosis
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

3. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What organ produces EPO?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

4. Maintains osmotic pressure
What is the function of albumin?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What color is a 22ga needle?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

5. clump together
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

6. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What is the function of immunglobins?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the method for BMBT?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

7. Reticulocyte count
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

8. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

9. Acid citrate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (35 days)
What is the specific use for LTT?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What color is a 18ga needle?

10. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
What is dysproteinemia?
What does plt count evaluate?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

11. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What does VWF test evaluate?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

12. Plastic bag - glass bottle - syringe
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

13. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
MCHC
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

14. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

15. Anterior vena cava- 16ga 3-3.5 inches - ear vein- 21ga butterfly
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?

16. Dog
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

17. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
What is the biggest error in hematology?
Define thromboembolic disorder
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

18. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

19. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is a serum separator tube?

20. hereditary or acquired
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

21. Target cell
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

22. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

23. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
All cells can get...
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?

24. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
What are the 3 components of blood?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

25. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

26. Pink
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What color is a 20ga needle?

27. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What does plt count evaluate?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
All cells can get...
What is plasma?

28. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

29. Prognosis and tx protocol
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

30. Increased concentration: dehydration
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What is plasma?

31. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

32. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

33. Seg
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

34. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
Define relative
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

35. Size - shape - and number
What are the 3 functions of platelets
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Platelet morphology includes...

36. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
What does a RTT contain?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
Define absolute

37. Dog
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
The RBC morphology includes...

38. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
MCH
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

39. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

40. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

41. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

42. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
MCHC
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

43. Albumin and immunglobins
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are the 2 main proteins?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin

44. WBC identification rule of thumb
What is another name for a blister cell?
Adhesion requires what factor?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

45. Kidney
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What organ produces EPO?

46. Hemoproteus spp
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

47. Compensatory mechanisms
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

48. Cow; dusty purple grey
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

49. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
Where are immunoglobins made?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

50. Oxyglobin
What color is a 25ga needle?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What does hemosiderin look like?

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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