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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

2. Vacuoles
All cells can get...
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

3. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is a serum separator tube?
What does VWF test evaluate?

4. Blood gases
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What does VWF test evaluate?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

5. no body
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is an example of decreased production?

6. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What do monocytes do?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

7. Thrombocytosis
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

8. II - VII - IX - X
What are some examples of immunologic?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What does a RTT contain?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

9. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

10. Pink granules
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...

11. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
During gestation is TP high or low?

12. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

13. Antigen or foreign protein
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What does plt count evaluate?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

14. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
What is serum?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

15. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What organ produces EPO?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

16. Heinz body
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

17. PO
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What is plasma?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

18. IV
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

19. Primary hemostasis
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What does BMBT evaluate
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?

20. Promoters - inhibitors
What is fibrinolysis?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

21. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
Where does protein originate from?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...

22. SQ
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

23. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

24. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

25. Blue
What color is a 22ga needle?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

26. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

27. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
The RBC morphology includes...
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

28. CBC
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What is the specific use for LTT?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?

29. (Hb x 10)/RBC
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What are the blood types of a cat?
MCH

30. Polychormatophilics
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

31. Leukocytozoon spp
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

32. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
Where does protein originate from?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

33. Fibrin
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

34. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is dysproteinemia?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What is TP measured in?

35. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What are some examples of immunologic?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

36. Von Willebrand's Disease
Name the 2 agranulocytes
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are the indications for BM sampling
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

37. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
Name the 3 granulocytes

38. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

39. Contact activation
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is the function of albumin?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.

40. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

41. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What does ACT evaluate?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

42. Cytauxzoon sp.
What color is a 20ga needle?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

43. WBC identification rule of thumb
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What are some examples of immunologic?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

44. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What does ACT evaluate?

45. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

46. Howell-Jolly Bodies
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

47. Macrophages
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

48. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

49. Rouleaux or agglutination
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

50. They increase
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?