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Test your basic knowledge |
Veterinary Hematology Technology
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Subjects
:
health-sciences
,
veterinary
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can
study here
.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
2. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
3. Acanthocytes
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
4. Breakdown of a clot
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
All cells can get...
What does BMBT evaluate
What is fibrinolysis?
5. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
6. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What is this the test of choice for?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
7. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What is dysproteinemia?
8. Hemolysis and clot
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What color is a 16ga needle?
9. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
10. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
11. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
12. don't cause clots
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Avian basophils do not have a...
13. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What happens during aggregation
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
14. Pink granules
What happens during aggregation
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
15. Vit K
Define polycythemia
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
16. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What are the 2 main proteins?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
17. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What color is a 18ga needle?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
18. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
19. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
Platelet morphology includes...
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
20. Hyperchromic
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What is TP measured in?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
21. Von Willebrand's Disease
The WBC morphology includes...
Adhesion requires what factor?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
22. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
Define absolute
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
23. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What does hemosiderin look like?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
24. Basophils
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
25. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
26. (Hb x 10)/RBC
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
MCH
27. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
28. Microcytic
The WBC morphology includes...
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What color is a 25ga needle?
29. 3 times
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
30. VWB
Where does protein originate from?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
31. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
32. Leukocytosis
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
33. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
34. True deviation in the amount
What does a RTT contain?
Define absolute
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
35. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
Define artifact
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
36. Hemorrhage
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
37. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
38. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What is the definition of PCV?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
39. Platelets stick to each other
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Where are immunoglobins made?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What happens during aggregation
40. That the blood is compatible with recipient
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
41. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
42. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What is dysproteinemia?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
43. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
44. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
45. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
46. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
47. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
Define artifact
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
48. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
49. Protrusion will be very dark in color
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
50. Morbillivirus sp
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
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