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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Increase
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is dysproteinemia?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

2. Hypochromic
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What color is a 25ga needle?
Platelet morphology includes...
chromatin

3. Heterophil
What is an example of loss of RBC
What does BMBT evaluate
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

4. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

5. Albumin and immunglobins
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What are the 2 main proteins?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What does plt count evaluate?

6. Anterior vena cava- 16ga 3-3.5 inches - ear vein- 21ga butterfly
What does plt count evaluate?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
Define relative
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

7. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
Defects of hemostasis can be..
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

8. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
Where does protein originate from?
What are the blood types of a cat?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

9. fresh
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the 3 components of blood?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

10. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

11. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

12. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

13. Plastic bag - glass bottle - syringe
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
During secretion What does PF3 do?

14. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What are some causes of BM failure
What are 3 effects of EPO?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

15. Horse
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

16. Fibrin
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is this the test of choice for?

17. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
Define relative
MCHC
What color is a 25ga needle?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

18. Lymphocyte - monocyte
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is the function of albumin?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

19. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are dohle bodies?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
Fibrinolysis is...

20. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

21. Blue
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What color is a 22ga needle?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What happens during aggregation

22. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What is serum?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What does a RTT contain?

23. oval
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
MCHC
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

24. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What is fibrinolysis?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

25. VWB factor
Adhesion requires what factor?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

26. Fibrin clot
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What is the function of protein?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

27. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

28. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

29. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

30. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

31. Promoters - inhibitors
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What is dysproteinemia?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

32. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

33. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What is serum?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

34. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What are some causes of BM failure

35. Keratocyte
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

36. Howell-Jolly Bodies
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

37. Trypanosoma sp
List the order of Platelet production
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

38. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What does plt count evaluate?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

39. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
What organ produces EPO?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is the definition of PCV?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

40. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

41. Maintains osmotic pressure
What is the function of albumin?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

42. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are dohle bodies?

43. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first

44. Citrate intoxication- cardiac standstill - tremors - arrhythmias
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is the tx for RBC tumor

45. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?

46. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

47. Grey
What color is a 16ga needle?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

48. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What does a mature avian RBC look like
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?

49. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is an example of increased destruction?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?

50. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
what WBC do mast cells resemble