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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What is a serum separator tube?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

2. Jugular- 20ga
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What does VWF test evaluate?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

3. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
vacuoles

4. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is dysproteinemia?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

5. Lymphocyte - monocyte
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

6. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
The WBC morphology includes...
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
MCHC
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?

7. Spherocyte
What color is a 20ga needle?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

8. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

9. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?

10. Agglutination or hemolysis
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What is fibrinolysis?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

11. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is TP measured in?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

12. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
What is fibrinolysis?
Define artifact
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

13. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

14. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

15. Eccentrocyte
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is another name for a blister cell?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

16. Ehrlichia sp.
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

17. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What are some causes of BM failure

18. Trypanosoma sp
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

19. Shaking - too small a needle with too much neg. back pressure - intravascular hemolysis
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

20. Coagulation studies
List the order of Platelet production
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What is the specific use for BTT?

21. Black ring has a smaller diameter
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...

22. 1.000
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

23. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
List the order of Platelet production

24. Polychormatophilics
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

25. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
chromatin
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

26. Primary granules; no
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

27. hereditary or acquired
Platelet morphology includes...
Defects of hemostasis can be..
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

28. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each

29. Band neutrophil
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

30. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

31. Schistocytes
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is fibrinolysis?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

32. New Anemia -Decrease production anemia
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

33. VIII and vWB
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

34. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

35. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What is dysproteinemia?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

36. Basophils
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

37. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What are the 3 functions of platelets

38. Poikilocytosis
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

39. SQ
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?

40. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What is this the test of choice for?

41. Platelets stick to each other
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What happens during aggregation
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What is the function of immunglobins?

42. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What color is a 18ga needle?
What are the 2 main proteins?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

43. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
What is the function of protein?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

44. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is the method for BMBT?

45. 3 times
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

46. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

47. NRBC
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

48. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
During gestation is TP high or low?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

49. Lymphosarcoma
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is an example of decreased production?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

50. Acanthocytes
What is the method for ACT?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects