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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

2. Heinz body
What is this the test of choice for?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.

3. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

4. Eccentrocyte
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What is another name for a blister cell?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

5. Breakdown of a clot
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are the 3 functions of platelets
The WBC morphology includes...
What is fibrinolysis?

6. II - VII - IX - X
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

7. 60-70 -30-36
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
MCH
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

8. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
Name the 2 agranulocytes
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

9. Thrombocytopenia
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

10. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

11. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

12. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

13. Schistocytes
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

14. Oxyglobin
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

15. Vacuoles
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
All cells can get...
granule
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

16. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

17. Coverslips
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

18. Cat
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What are the 3 functions of platelets

19. Blood loss and dehydration
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What color is a 16ga needle?

20. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

21. Hemolysis and clot
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

22. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is an example of increased destruction?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

23. Degree of the difference
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

24. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

25. Polychormatophilics
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

26. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

27. Contact activation
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What does a RTT contain?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

28. Echinocytes
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

29. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

30. Vascular part - platelet plug
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis

31. Not mixing the sample
MCH
What is the biggest error in hematology?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

32. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
MCV
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

33. Hyperchromic
What are the 3 components of blood?
Define absolute
Define thromboembolic disorder
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

34. NRBC
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

35. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
During gestation is TP high or low?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What are the indications for BM sampling
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

36. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?

37. Saline wash
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
MCH

38. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
Avian basophils do not have a...
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

39. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

40. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
The RBC morphology includes...
What color is a 25ga needle?

41. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
Fibrinogen > __________
What is the method for ACT?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
MCHC

42. Perform 2 or more of the test
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
MCHC

43. Leukocytosis
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

44. Liver and lymphoid tissue
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
Where are immunoglobins made?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

45. Leukocytozoon spp
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What does VWF test evaluate?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

46. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
Where does protein originate from?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What color is a 16ga needle?

47. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...

48. Tissue factor - prothrombinase
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What are some causes of BM failure

49. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
Thrombocytes tend to...

50. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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