Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Poikilocytosis
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

2. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is the definition of PCV?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

3. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?

4. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is fibrinolysis?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

5. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

6. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What are some causes of BM failure
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

7. Dark - dense segmented nucleus
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What does BMBT evaluate

8. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

9. Vit K
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What does hemosiderin look like?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What is the method for ACT?

10. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

11. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

12. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

13. Cow; dusty purple grey
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?

14. Size - shape - color - and +/- inclusions
The RBC morphology includes...
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What does BMBT evaluate

15. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Define polycythemia

16. Green
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

17. Hyperchromic
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

18. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What is TP measured in?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

19. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What does a RTT contain?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

20. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

21. NRBC
What does the FDP test detect?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

22. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

23. Cellular - acellular - and fluid
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What are the 3 components of blood?

24. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

25. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
Fibrinogen > __________
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

26. Increased concentration: dehydration
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

27. Ghost cell
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

28. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

29. Normocytic
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
All cells can get...
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

30. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia

31. Dog
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
At birth is TP high or low

32. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

33. 2 years at room temperature
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

34. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

35. Liver Failure - DIC
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects

36. 50:50%; 0-5%; rare
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What are some causes of BM failure
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?

37. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

38. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

39. Genetic material in the nucleus
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
chromatin

40. Band neutrophil
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
MCH
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

41. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
At birth is TP high or low
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

42. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
Thrombocytes tend to...
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What is TP measured in?

43. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What does VWF test evaluate?

44. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

45. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

46. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?

47. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?

48. IV
What is an example of loss of RBC
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

49. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

50. Thrombocytosis
What happens during aggregation
What is another name for a blister cell?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?