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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

2. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
chromatin

3. Dog
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

4. Oxyglobin
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are the blood types of a cat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

5. VWB
What does a RTT contain?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

6. Cow
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What happens during aggregation

7. Cat
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

8. Horse
What color is a 25ga needle?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

9. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

10. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
What is the method for BMBT?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...

11. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
Define artifact
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

12. Cat
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
Thrombocytes tend to...
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

13. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What are some examples of immunologic?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

14. Cow; dusty purple grey
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

15. 1.1 - 1.2 - and 7
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is another name for a blister cell?
Define relative
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

16. VWB
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

17. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
MCHC

18. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

19. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

20. WBC identification rule of thumb
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

21. Leptocyte
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

22. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What does hemosiderin look like?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

23. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
What is the function of albumin?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Fibrinolysis is...
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

24. 1.000
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

25. Citrate intoxication- cardiac standstill - tremors - arrhythmias
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

26. Lymphosarcoma
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What does hemosiderin look like?

27. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What is the definition of PCV?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

28. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

29. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What does hemosiderin look like?

30. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

31. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What color is a 22ga needle?

32. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

33. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
What is the definition of PCV?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What do monocytes do?

34. Reticulocyte count
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

35. Yes
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

36. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What do monocytes do?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

37. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

38. The preceding factor
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...

39. Hyperchromic
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

40. Platelets stick to each other
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What happens during aggregation
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

41. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

42. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are the types of BM sample?

43. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

44. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What is dysproteinemia?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

45. Polychormatophilics
What does plt count evaluate?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

46. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

47. fresh
What is the biggest error in hematology?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

48. Thrombopathias and vascular
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is this the test of choice for?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

49. SQ
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

50. Maintains osmotic pressure
What is the function of albumin?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What are the blood types of a cat?