Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. hereditary or acquired
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

2. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What does hemosiderin look like?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

3. fresh
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
Where does protein originate from?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better

4. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

5. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What is a serum separator tube?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
MCHC

6. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What are some causes of BM failure

7. CBC
What is the specific use for LTT?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?

8. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

9. Kidney
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What organ produces EPO?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

10. 39-55 -30-36
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is the method for BMBT?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

11. Eccentrocyte
What is another name for a blister cell?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
MCHC
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

12. Hemosiderin - erythrophagocytosis; IMHA
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

13. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

14. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What does ACT evaluate?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

15. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

16. Liver and lymphoid tissue
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
Where are immunoglobins made?

17. Echinocytes
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

18. Howell-Jolly Bodies
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

19. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
What is contained in the buffy coat?
MCV
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

20. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

21. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What are the 3 components of blood?

22. defective maturation series
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

23. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What does VWF test evaluate?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

24. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

25. Jugular- 18ga
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

26. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are dohle bodies?

27. Liver
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

28. Megakaryocyte
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

29. Target cell
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

30. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

31. Oxyglobin
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What is fibrinolysis?

32. Prothrombin time
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

33. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
chromatin
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What are the types of BM sample?

34. Dark - dense segmented nucleus
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What is serum?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

35. Mycoplasma haemoncanis
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

36. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What does plt count evaluate?

37. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is dysproteinemia?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

38. Increased concentration: dehydration
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

39. Metamyelocyte
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What does BMBT evaluate
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?

40. Low - it takes 6-12 months to build up
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
At birth is TP high or low
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

41. Anterior vena cava- 16ga 3-3.5 inches - ear vein- 21ga butterfly
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What is plasma?

42. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
List the order of Platelet production
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is serum?

43. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Define relative
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

44. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are some examples of immunologic?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are some causes of BM failure
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

45. Ghost cell
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

46. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

47. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is dysproteinemia?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

48. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
MCHC
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What are some examples of immunologic?

49. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

50. Hypochromic
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?