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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Anterior vena cava- 16ga 3-3.5 inches - ear vein- 21ga butterfly
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

2. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

3. Hemosiderin - erythrophagocytosis; IMHA
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

4. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

5. No - but it is not ideal
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

6. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
chromatin
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

7. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

8. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

9. 1.000
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?

10. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
The WBC morphology includes...
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

11. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

12. Albumin and immunglobins
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are the 2 main proteins?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

13. Heparin which prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What are the 3 functions of platelets

14. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

15. Yes
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What does a RTT contain?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

16. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What does the FDP test detect?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
Define thromboembolic disorder

17. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

18. doesn't last that long
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

19. Band neutrophil
What is TP measured in?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

20. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

21. Hemolysis and clot
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

22. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
Avian basophils do not have a...

23. VIII and vWB
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

24. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

25. Horse
What does VWF test evaluate?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

26. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What is the method for ACT?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?

27. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
At birth is TP high or low
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?

28. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
The WBC morphology includes...
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Define thromboembolic disorder

29. Compensatory mechanisms
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

30. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
Define artifact
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

31. Fibrin
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

32. Blue granules
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

33. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What does VWF test evaluate?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

34. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
What does ACT evaluate?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Define relative

35. oval
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

36. Green
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What color is a 18ga needle?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

37. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?

38. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What is TP measured in?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

39. Hyperchromic
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are some causes of BM failure
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

40. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

41. WBC identification rule of thumb
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

42. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What are some causes of BM failure
What is a WBC tumor?

43. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

44. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

45. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

46. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
Platelet morphology includes...

47. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

48. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

49. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What is an example of decreased production?

50. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What are the indications for BM sampling
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What do monocytes do?