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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. defective maturation series
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

2. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What does the test thrombin time detect?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?

3. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

4. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

5. Horse
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

6. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

7. Monolayer on 40x
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?

8. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

9. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

10. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
The RBC morphology includes...

11. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What color is a 22ga needle?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

12. Contact activation
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

13. 450 mls; 56 mls
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
MCH
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What is the biggest error in hematology?

14. present in the blood
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Thrombocytes tend to...

15. Prothrombinase
Platelet morphology includes...
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?

16. Thrombin - platelets
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

17. Red
What color is a 25ga needle?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?

18. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

19. Trypanosoma sp
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

20. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What color is a 20ga needle?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

21. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

22. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What are the types of BM sample?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

23. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

24. 1.000
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

25. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

26. doesn't last that long
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

27. Beter distribution/transport of oxygen - do not have to cross match
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

28. Spherocyte
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

29. Iatrogenic
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

30. Pink
What color is a 20ga needle?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

31. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
Define polycythemia
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What are the blood types of a cat?

32. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is an example of decreased production?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

33. Hypoxia
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
The RBC morphology includes...

34. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

35. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
Fibrinolysis is...

36. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
Microsytosis is often seen in...
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
Fibrinogen > __________

37. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Thrombocytes tend to...

38. Not mixing the sample
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

39. Rouleaux or agglutination
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What is a WBC tumor?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

40. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

41. PO
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

42. Heparin which prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

43. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What color is a 25ga needle?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

44. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

45. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
Name the 3 granulocytes
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
vacuoles
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

46. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...

47. Increase in RBCs
Define polycythemia
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

48. Poikilocytosis
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
During secretion What does PF3 do?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

49. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
What organ produces EPO?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

50. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the types of BM sample?
The RBC morphology includes...