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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What does BMBT evaluate
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the tx for RBC tumor

2. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

3. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
MCH
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What does a RTT contain?

4. Thrombin - platelets
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

5. blood
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

6. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Where does protein originate from?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

7. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

8. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What are some examples of immunologic?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

9. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
What are the 3 components of blood?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What is the method for ACT?

10. Prognosis and tx protocol
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

11. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What is an example of decreased production?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

12. 5-7
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

13. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

14. Adequate size and WBC distribution
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

15. II - VII - IX - X
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors

16. Fibrin clot
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

17. Torocytes
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

18. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
At birth is TP high or low
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

19. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

20. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are dohle bodies?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are some causes of BM failure
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

21. 39-55 -30-36
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

22. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

23. Blue
What color is a 22ga needle?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

24. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

25. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is plasma?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

26. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
Define relative
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
The RBC morphology includes...

27. Heparin which prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

28. Blood chemistries
What is TP measured in?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

29. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

30. (Hb x 10)/RBC
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
MCH
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

31. Breakdown of a clot
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is fibrinolysis?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

32. VIII and vWB
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

33. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

34. Vacuoles
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
All cells can get...
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

35. No - but it is not ideal
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

36. Blue granules
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
Name the 2 agranulocytes

37. Macrocytosis
What is the specific use for BTT?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

38. Blood loss and dehydration
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
Define artifact

39. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What does a RTT contain?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

40. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What does BMBT evaluate
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

41. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What does BMBT evaluate
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

42. Dark - dense segmented nucleus
Thrombocytes tend to...
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What is the method for BMBT?
What is plasma?

43. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
granule
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

44. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What are the blood types of a cat?

45. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

46. Howell-Jolly Bodies
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Defects of hemostasis can be..

47. defective maturation series
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?

48. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
What is the function of immunglobins?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?

49. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

50. Increase
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?