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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
What does the test thrombin time detect?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
Define thromboembolic disorder
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

2. Band neutrophil
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What is fibrinolysis?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

3. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
Avian basophils do not have a...

4. 1.000
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

5. Blue granules
What is the definition of PCV?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

6. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What are some causes of BM failure
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

7. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
During gestation is TP high or low?

8. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

9. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

10. Thrombin - platelets
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

11. Black ring has a smaller diameter
Name the 3 granulocytes
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

12. doesn't last that long
Define thromboembolic disorder
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the blood types of a cat?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

13. Thrombin - fibrin
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Fibrinogen > __________
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

14. Yes
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

15. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What is the function of protein?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

16. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
Name the 3 granulocytes
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?

17. Shaking - too small a needle with too much neg. back pressure - intravascular hemolysis
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

18. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

19. But temporary
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

20. Dog
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

21. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
During secretion What does PF3 do?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What is the definition of PCV?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

22. 39-55 -30-36
MCV
What are some examples of immunologic?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

23. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
List the order of Platelet production
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

24. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What is a WBC tumor?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?

25. Antigen or foreign protein
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

26. Heparin and 3.8% Na Citrate
What are the blood types of a cat?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.

27. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What is the function of immunglobins?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

28. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
chromatin
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

29. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What does ACT evaluate?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

30. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

31. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
Defects of hemostasis can be..
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

32. Empty package of negate stain
What is contained in the buffy coat?
vacuoles
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What is the specific use for BTT?

33. Thrombocytosis
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

34. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

35. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
Define relative
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

36. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
Avian basophils do not have a...
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

37. (Hb x 10)/RBC
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
MCH
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

38. Blood loss and dehydration
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

39. Vit K
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
Fibrinogen > __________
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

40. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

41. Vacuoles
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
All cells can get...

42. Megakaryocyte
What is the specific use for BTT?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is the definition of PCV?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

43. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What are the 3 functions of platelets

44. Poikilocytosis
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

45. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

46. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
Platelet morphology includes...

47. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
Define relative

48. Heparin which prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

49. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?

50. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia