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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Increase in RBCs
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Define polycythemia
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What does hemosiderin look like?

2. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
All cells can get...
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is the function of albumin?

3. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
Where does protein originate from?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

4. Microcytic
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

5. BTT
What are 3 effects of EPO?
MCV
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

6. NRBC
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What are dohle bodies?

7. present in the blood
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

8. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?

9. Prothrombin time
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

10. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
Fibrinolysis is...
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

11. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What do monocytes do?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

12. Thrombocytopenia
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

13. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
Name the 2 agranulocytes
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

14. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

15. Stomatocyte
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

16. Free or Unbound TPO
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

17. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

18. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
MCV
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

19. segmented nucleus
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is the method for ACT?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

20. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What does VWF test evaluate?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

21. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

22. Adequate size and WBC distribution
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What is the function of immunglobins?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

23. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

24. Lymphocyte - monocyte
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?

25. Jugular- 20ga
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
Define relative
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

26. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

27. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What is the method for BMBT?

28. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

29. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

30. Echinocytes
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What color is a 16ga needle?

31. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

32. Anterior vena cava- 16ga 3-3.5 inches - ear vein- 21ga butterfly
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

33. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

34. 39-55 -30-36
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What does plt count evaluate?

35. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

36. 1.000
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

37. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

38. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
MCV
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

39. Keratocyte
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

40. Acanthocytes
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.

41. Breakdown of a clot
What is fibrinolysis?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is the method for BMBT?

42. Vascular part - platelet plug
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis

43. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

44. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

45. Neovascularization
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
At birth is TP high or low

46. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

47. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

48. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What color is a 20ga needle?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

49. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
What do monocytes do?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is another name for a blister cell?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

50. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What are some examples of immunologic?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?