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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
During secretion What does PF3 do?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

2. 3 times
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What is the function of protein?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?

3. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
Define artifact
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

4. Acetaminophin - maple leaves - onions - and zinc
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What is the specific use for LTT?

5. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What are some causes of BM failure
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

6. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

7. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is dysproteinemia?

8. Leukocytozoon spp
What is the stimulus for platelets
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
granule
During secretion What does PF3 do?

9. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

10. Blood loss and dehydration
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

11. Promoters - inhibitors
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

12. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What does plt count evaluate?

13. Basophils
What color is a 16ga needle?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia

14. Heterophil
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
MCV

15. Adequate size and WBC distribution
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

16. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What is TP measured in?

17. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

18. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
granule
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first

19. defective maturation series
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

20. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

21. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What does ACT evaluate?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What are the indications for BM sampling
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

22. doesn't last that long
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

23. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

24. Seg
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______

25. Heterophil
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is plasma?

26. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
What is the tx for RBC tumor
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

27. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

28. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What does plt count evaluate?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

29. Contact activation
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What is serum?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

30. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
What is a serum separator tube?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
MCH
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

31. Fibrin clot
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?

32. Band neutrophil
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

33. Dark - dense segmented nucleus
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
Where does protein originate from?
What is an example of increased destruction?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

34. Pink
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What color is a 20ga needle?

35. Spherocyte
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
Fibrinolysis is...

36. Reticulocyte count
chromatin
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

37. Lymphosarcoma
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

38. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?

39. Free or Unbound TPO
What is an example of decreased production?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is the specific use for LTT?

40. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

41. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

42. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

43. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?

44. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

45. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

46. Red
What color is a 25ga needle?
What are the 3 components of blood?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

47. Keratocyte
What does BMBT evaluate
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

48. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
MCH

49. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What do monocytes do?

50. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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