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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. blood
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What is the method for ACT?

2. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is serum?

3. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What is dysproteinemia?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

4. Liver function - immune status - hydrations - kidney function - and GI function
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

5. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

6. Vit K
All cells can get...
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

7. Prothrombinase
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

8. Non- Regenerative -Regenerative
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

9. Heinz body
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

10. Seg
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?

11. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What are some examples of immunologic?

12. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

13. Hemosiderin - erythrophagocytosis; IMHA
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

14. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Define polycythemia

15. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

16. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What does ACT evaluate?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....

17. Thrombocytopenia
MCH
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What does a mature avian RBC look like

18. Size - shape - and number
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
Platelet morphology includes...
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

19. no body
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is TP measured in?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

20. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the biggest error in hematology?

21. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

22. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

23. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

24. VWB factor
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
Adhesion requires what factor?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

25. Von Willebrand's Disease
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

26. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

27. Cellular - acellular - and fluid
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

28. NRBC
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

29. Blood gases
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

30. Distilled water on refractometer or an uncalbrated refractometer
What does ACT evaluate?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

31. In the fridge - in the freezer
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

32. Blood chemistries
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

33. 2 years at room temperature
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

34. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What is the method for ACT?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

35. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

36. Empty package of negate stain
vacuoles
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

37. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What is serum?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

38. RTT - LTT - BTT - Dia.
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What are some causes of BM failure
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?

39. II - VII - IX - X
Fibrinolysis is...
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

40. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
All cells can get...
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

41. Macrophages
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

42. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is the specific use for BTT?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

43. Acid citrate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (35 days)
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

44. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What are some causes of BM failure
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?

45. Increased concentration: dehydration
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

46. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What is another name for a blister cell?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

47. Macrocytic
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

48. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What color is a 16ga needle?
The WBC morphology includes...

49. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the method for BMBT?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

50. Neovascularization
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?