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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Heparin and 3.8% Na Citrate
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

2. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
vacuoles

3. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
granule
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

4. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
All cells can get...
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

5. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation - directly from patient
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

6. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

7. Leukocytosis
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
At birth is TP high or low
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

8. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What is the method for BMBT?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

9. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

10. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
List the order of Platelet production
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

11. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

12. Hemoproteus spp
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What is the specific use for BTT?
All cells can get...

13. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

14. B/c eos produce anti histamine to counteract the histamine i the mast cell granules
The RBC morphology includes...
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.

15. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is the stimulus for platelets

16. Von Willebrand's Disease
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
MCH

17. Leptocyte
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What are the 2 main proteins?

18. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
Where are immunoglobins made?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

19. Size - shape - and number
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
Platelet morphology includes...
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

20. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

21. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

22. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia

23. Grey
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
Define relative
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What color is a 16ga needle?

24. RTT - LTT - BTT - Dia.
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?

25. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

26. Hemolysis and clot
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

27. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

28. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What is the method for BMBT?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.

29. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

30. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
Thrombocytes tend to...
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

31. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Where does protein originate from?

32. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is a WBC tumor?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What does a mature avian RBC look like

33. 450 mls; 56 mls
What is plasma?
What is the function of immunglobins?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

34. Microcytic
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What color is a 25ga needle?
What is another name for a blister cell?

35. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What is TP measured in?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

36. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
Fibrinogen > __________
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?

37. present in the blood
What are the 2 main proteins?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What color is a 16ga needle?

38. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis

39. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What are the 3 components of blood?

40. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
Platelet morphology includes...
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

41. Acid citrate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (35 days)
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is the function of albumin?

42. Trypanosoma sp
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

43. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
What are some examples of immunologic?
What is an example of decreased production?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

44. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

45. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
What color is a 25ga needle?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What are dohle bodies?

46. Cat
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?

47. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What are the indications for BM sampling
What is the method for BMBT?

48. Free or Unbound TPO
What does VWF test evaluate?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the stimulus for platelets
Adhesion requires what factor?

49. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What is an example of decreased production?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

50. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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