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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?

2. Anisocytosis
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

3. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?

4. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What does hemosiderin look like?

5. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

6. Poikilocytosis
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...

7. Dog
chromatin
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

8. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

9. no body
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

10. To observe for transfusion reactions
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

11. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What do monocytes do?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

12. Prothrombinase
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What is an example of decreased production?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______

13. Cellular - acellular - and fluid
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are the 3 components of blood?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
During secretion What does PF3 do?

14. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

15. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.

16. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

17. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What is the method for BMBT?

18. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?

19. hereditary or acquired
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

20. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

21. New Anemia -Decrease production anemia
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What are dohle bodies?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What is dysproteinemia?

22. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

23. Primary granules; no
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

24. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
The WBC morphology includes...
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

25. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?

26. VIII and vWB
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________

27. Coverslips
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

28. VWB
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

29. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are some causes of BM failure
MCH
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

30. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
Define thromboembolic disorder
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Fibrinogen > __________

31. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?

32. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

33. Myelodysplasia
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What is a WBC tumor?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

34. Hypochromic
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

35. Hemolysis and clot
Where does protein originate from?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What color is a 22ga needle?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

36. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

37. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What is the function of protein?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

38. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?

39. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...

40. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

41. Breakdown of a clot
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Define artifact
What is fibrinolysis?

42. 6 -000-17 -000/microliter; 5 -500-19 -500/microliter
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

43. Agglutination or hemolysis
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

44. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
Define artifact
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
Where does protein originate from?

45. oval
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
Name the 3 granulocytes
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

46. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

47. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
Define artifact
What is serum?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
The WBC morphology includes...

48. Macrocytic
What does hemosiderin look like?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

49. Lymphocyte - monocyte
What are the 3 components of blood?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What are the blood types of a cat?

50. Leptocyte
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.