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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

2. segmented nucleus
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
Avian basophils do not have a...

3. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What is fibrinolysis?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

4. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What does ACT evaluate?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What is an example of increased destruction?

5. Myelocyte; yes
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

6. Antigen or foreign protein
What is fibrinolysis?
chromatin
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

7. CBC
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What is the specific use for LTT?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

8. Lymphocyte - monocyte
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What is an example of increased destruction?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

9. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

10. But temporary
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Microsytosis is often seen in...

11. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...

12. Distilled water on refractometer or an uncalbrated refractometer
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

13. 1.1 - 1.2 - and 7
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Where does protein originate from?
What color is a 16ga needle?
Name the 2 agranulocytes

14. Vacuoles
chromatin
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
All cells can get...

15. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
MCH
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

16. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What does the FDP test detect?
What is the function of protein?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

17. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

18. Salivation - v/d - dyspnea - death
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

19. Target cell
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

20. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?

21. Thrombocytes
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________

22. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
MCH

23. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

24. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
List the order of Platelet production
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

25. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
Avian basophils do not have a...
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

26. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What are some causes of BM failure

27. IV catheter; IO or IP
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

28. VWB factor
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What does BMBT evaluate
Adhesion requires what factor?

29. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

30. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

31. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
Fibrinolysis is...
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

32. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What are 3 effects of EPO?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
Define thromboembolic disorder

33. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
All cells can get...
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...

34. Cytauxzoon sp.
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
During secretion What does PF3 do?

35. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What color is a 18ga needle?

36. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
What do you look for to identify a basophil
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What is the function of protein?

37. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

38. Coverslips
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

39. Echinocytes
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

40. Acetaminophin - maple leaves - onions - and zinc
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

41. True deviation in the amount
Define absolute
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

42. Red
The WBC morphology includes...
Fibrinogen > __________
What color is a 25ga needle?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

43. Genetic material in the nucleus
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
chromatin

44. Oxyglobin
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

45. Cat
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

46. Compensatory mechanisms
The WBC morphology includes...
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

47. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
What is TP measured in?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

48. 450 mls; 56 mls
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is another name for a blister cell?

49. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What is the method for BMBT?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

50. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors