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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Keratocyte
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.

2. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

3. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
Define artifact
Platelet morphology includes...
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

4. Liver
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What is plasma?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

5. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
Platelet morphology includes...
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

6. Cow; dusty purple grey
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

7. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
Define absolute
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

8. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

9. Liver Failure - DIC
What are some causes of BM failure
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?

10. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
vacuoles
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

11. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

12. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
Adhesion requires what factor?

13. Jugular- 18ga
Where does protein originate from?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

14. In the fridge - in the freezer
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?

15. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What are some examples of immunologic?
What color is a 18ga needle?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

16. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

17. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

18. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
What is a serum separator tube?
Fibrinogen > __________
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

19. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What are the blood types of a cat?

20. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What are the types of BM sample?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

21. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
Define relative

22. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

23. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What does a RTT contain?

24. If buffer gets into the stain jar the slide will not stain correctly

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25. Ehrlichia sp.
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

26. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

27. Basophils
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
what WBC do mast cells resemble

28. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

29. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

30. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

31. Megakaryocyte
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia

32. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Where are immunoglobins made?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

33. Membrane bound package of chemicals
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
granule

34. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

35. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

36. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?

37. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

38. 3 times
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
Fibrinogen > __________

39. Aggregate
What is the stimulus for platelets
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

40. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
Fibrinolysis is...
What is plasma?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

41. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
Platelet morphology includes...
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

42. Thrombocytosis
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

43. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the definition of PCV?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

44. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

45. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

46. Green
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is a WBC tumor?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

47. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

48. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
MCHC

49. II - VII - IX - X
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

50. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
MCH
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?