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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
What are the 2 main proteins?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

2. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

3. Heparin which prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What is the specific use for LTT?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

4. Lymphocyte - monocyte
Name the 2 agranulocytes
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

5. Poikilocytosis
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

6. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
What does VWF test evaluate?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

7. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

8. Not mixing the sample
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What are the 2 main proteins?

9. To observe for transfusion reactions
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

10. They increase
What is the method for ACT?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

11. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is a serum separator tube?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

12. don't cause clots
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

13. WBC identification rule of thumb
What is the specific use for BTT?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

14. Myelocyte; yes
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

15. Obs = # retics/1000 x 100 COR = (Pt PCV/ Average PCV) x observed % Abs = # retics/1000 x RBC ct
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
Where does protein originate from?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?

16. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

17. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

18. Saline wash
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

19. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

20. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What are some examples of immunologic?
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

21. Cytauxzoon sp.
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

22. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?

23. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

24. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

25. PO
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
Define polycythemia

26. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
granule
During gestation is TP high or low?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

27. Empty package of negate stain
Platelet morphology includes...
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
vacuoles
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

28. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

29. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What color is a 16ga needle?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

30. Thrombocytosis
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?

31. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

32. Anemia
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

33. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

34. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each

35. Hemorrhage
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

36. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

37. Hemolysis and clot
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

38. Anisocytosis
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

39. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
Define absolute
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

40. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

41. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What does the test thrombin time detect?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

42. Ghost cell
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Define artifact
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

43. Fibrin clot
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What organ produces EPO?

44. Macrocytosis
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

45. Trypanosoma sp
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
chromatin

46. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is an example of loss of RBC

47. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

48. 6 -000-17 -000/microliter; 5 -500-19 -500/microliter
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

49. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

50. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
MCHC
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?