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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

2. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better

3. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

4. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What does a mature avian RBC look like
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

5. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

6. Cow; dusty purple grey
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

7. Increased concentration: dehydration
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

8. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are some examples of immunologic?

9. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What do monocytes do?
What is the method for ACT?
chromatin

10. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?

11. 3 times
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

12. Hemoproteus spp
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

13. present in the blood
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

14. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What are the types of BM sample?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

15. Genetic material in the nucleus
What is an example of loss of RBC
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
chromatin

16. Free or Unbound TPO
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is the stimulus for platelets

17. BTT
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

18. Leukocytozoon spp
During secretion What does PF3 do?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

19. clump together
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

20. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

21. Heinz body
What is dysproteinemia?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What is an example of increased destruction?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.

22. Polychormatophilics
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?

23. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
What are dohle bodies?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

24. Thrombocytosis
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is the method for ACT?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?

25. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?

26. Adequate size and WBC distribution
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

27. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
The WBC morphology includes...
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is plasma?

28. Fibrin clot
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is plasma?
What is the function of protein?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

29. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

30. segmented nucleus
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Avian basophils do not have a...
Fibrinogen > __________
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

31. Liver Failure - DIC
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

32. Vascular part - platelet plug
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What are the types of BM sample?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

33. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What is the specific use for LTT?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
chromatin
What do monocytes do?

34. hereditary or acquired
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What are the types of BM sample?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

35. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
Name the 2 agranulocytes

36. Jugular- 18ga
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
Define thromboembolic disorder
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

37. Blood gases
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

38. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
List the order of Platelet production

39. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?

40. To observe for transfusion reactions
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
The WBC morphology includes...
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

41. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What does ACT evaluate?

42. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What are dohle bodies?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

43. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?

44. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

45. But temporary
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are the types of BM sample?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

46. Increase
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
chromatin
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

47. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
Define polycythemia
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What is the method for BMBT?

48. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Fibrinogen > __________
What is this the test of choice for?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

49. 1.000
What is another name for a blister cell?
What are the types of BM sample?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

50. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What does a mature avian RBC look like
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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