Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What is TP measured in?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

2. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

3. WBC identification rule of thumb
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
Name the 3 granulocytes
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

4. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

5. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is the specific use for LTT?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What does a RTT contain?

6. 1.000
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

7. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What does hemosiderin look like?

8. Morbillivirus sp
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

9. Stomatocyte
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

10. Primary granules; no
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
MCV
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

11. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What is the function of protein?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

12. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

13. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

14. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are some causes of BM failure
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What does VWF test evaluate?

15. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

16. doesn't last that long
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

17. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?

18. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
What is the function of protein?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

19. Trypanosoma sp
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

20. 100
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

21. Platelets stick to each other
What color is a 20ga needle?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What happens during aggregation

22. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What does ACT evaluate?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

23. SQ
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

24. Reticulocyte count
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

25. Heterophil
Avian basophils do not have a...
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

26. Blood chemistries
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is dysproteinemia?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

27. Hypochromic
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What does ACT evaluate?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

28. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
Thrombocytes tend to...

29. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

30. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

31. Aggregate
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What are the types of BM sample?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

32. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

33. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

34. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
What is the tx for RBC tumor
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

35. Beter distribution/transport of oxygen - do not have to cross match
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What is an example of decreased production?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

36. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What is the method for ACT?

37. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

38. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

39. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
What is the specific use for BTT?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

40. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

41. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

42. Thrombocytopenia
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
At birth is TP high or low
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...

43. Macrocytic
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

44. VIII and vWB
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?

45. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is the function of protein?

46. Maintains osmotic pressure
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What is the function of albumin?

47. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What is plasma?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

48. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What organ produces EPO?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
Where are immunoglobins made?

49. present in the blood
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

50. Compensatory mechanisms
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?