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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Cow; dusty purple grey
What is serum?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the method for ACT?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

2. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

3. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
vacuoles
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

4. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

5. Vascular part - platelet plug
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis

6. Primary hemostasis and plt number
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What does plt count evaluate?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

7. 7-10 days
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

8. (Hb x 10)/RBC
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
MCH
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

9. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

10. Decreased concentration: over hydration
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

11. Primary hemostasis
What does BMBT evaluate
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the function of protein?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

12. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

13. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

14. Seg
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

15. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

16. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
During gestation is TP high or low?

17. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

18. No - but it is not ideal
What is TP measured in?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

19. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What happens during aggregation
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

20. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

21. Bleed them out
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.

22. Poikilocytosis
What is the function of albumin?
All cells can get...
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What is an example of increased destruction?

23. Cat
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What is a WBC tumor?
MCV

24. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What is plasma?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

25. Black ring has a smaller diameter
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

26. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What is the method for BMBT?

27. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

28. Saline wash
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is TP measured in?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

29. Target cell
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
chromatin
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

30. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

31. Band
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?

32. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
What is a serum separator tube?
What is an example of loss of RBC
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

33. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
What is a serum separator tube?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

34. Leptocyte
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What are the indications for BM sampling
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

35. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

36. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What are the types of BM sample?

37. Keratocyte
What is the function of protein?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

38. Dog
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?

39. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

40. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

41. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?

42. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

43. Adequate size and WBC distribution
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

44. Hyperchromic
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the specific use for LTT?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

45. Coagulation studies
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What is the specific use for BTT?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

46. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

47. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
Define artifact
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

48. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

49. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
What do monocytes do?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

50. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?