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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

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Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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1. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

2. Basophils
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What does ACT evaluate?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
Name the 3 granulocytes

3. Beter distribution/transport of oxygen - do not have to cross match
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

4. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
Define relative
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

5. Anisocytosis
Define relative
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

6. That the blood is compatible with recipient
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What is fibrinolysis?

7. Room temperature
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?

8. Contact activation
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

9. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

10. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are the 3 functions of platelets

11. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

12. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What are the types of BM sample?

13. Dog
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

14. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

15. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

16. WBC identification rule of thumb
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

17. Macrocytic
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

18. IV catheter; IO or IP
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

19. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
What does ACT evaluate?
granule
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?

20. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...

21. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________

22. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

23. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

24. Blood gases
What color is a 16ga needle?
What is dysproteinemia?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

25. The preceding factor
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What is the method for BMBT?

26. Pink
MCHC
What color is a 20ga needle?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

27. Dog
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
granule

28. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What is the method for ACT?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

29. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

30. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
Name the 3 granulocytes
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

31. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

32. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What are some causes of BM failure
The RBC morphology includes...

33. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What is the function of albumin?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

34. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What is the specific use for LTT?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors

35. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
Microsytosis is often seen in...

36. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What is a serum separator tube?

37. Primary hemostasis
What does BMBT evaluate
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

38. Shaking - too small a needle with too much neg. back pressure - intravascular hemolysis
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
Where are immunoglobins made?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Microsytosis is often seen in...

39. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

40. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What are some causes of BM failure
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

41. segmented nucleus
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

42. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

43. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What does a RTT contain?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)

44. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

45. Jugular- 20ga
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

46. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What does the FDP test detect?
What is serum?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What is a WBC tumor?

47. .98mls to .02mls
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?

48. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is a serum separator tube?

49. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

50. Myelocyte; yes
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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