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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...

2. Not mixing the sample
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What are the indications for BM sampling
What is the biggest error in hematology?

3. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What is a serum separator tube?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

4. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
Define relative

5. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

6. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
MCH
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What are some examples of immunologic?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

7. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is a serum separator tube?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

8. Liver
What is the definition of PCV?
What organ produces EPO?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Adhesion requires what factor?

9. Hereditary
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

10. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
granule
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

11. Contact activation
What is the definition of PCV?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

12. Adequate size and WBC distribution
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

13. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

14. They increase
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Define relative

15. But temporary
What is a serum separator tube?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
MCV
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

16. Primary hemostasis
What is serum?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What does BMBT evaluate
What is the method for BMBT?

17. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
What is another name for a blister cell?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What is TP measured in?

18. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

19. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What do monocytes do?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

20. defective maturation series
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

21. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is serum?

22. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?

23. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
What are the indications for BM sampling
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

24. Poikilocytosis
What is this the test of choice for?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

25. Ehrlichia sp.
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

26. Beter distribution/transport of oxygen - do not have to cross match
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

27. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What does the FDP test detect?
What is the function of albumin?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

28. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

29. 60-70 -30-36
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What are the 3 functions of platelets

30. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What is this the test of choice for?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Name the 3 granulocytes

31. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Thrombocytes tend to...

32. Von Willebrand's Disease
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

33. Albumin and immunglobins
What is another name for a blister cell?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are the 2 main proteins?
MCHC

34. Echinocytes
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What is contained in the buffy coat?

35. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are the types of BM sample?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

36. Anisocytosis
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

37. Thrombin - platelets
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What do monocytes do?

38. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

39. 3 times
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

40. Myelodysplasia
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What is a WBC tumor?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

41. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
List the order of Platelet production

42. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What does hemosiderin look like?

43. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
Define artifact
What happens during aggregation

44. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What is the method for ACT?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

45. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is TP measured in?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

46. Stomatocyte
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

47. WBC identification rule of thumb
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

48. Jugular- 18ga
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

49. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is the specific use for BTT?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

50. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is the method for BMBT?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

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