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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

2. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

3. Blood chemistries
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What is the biggest error in hematology?

4. In the fridge - in the freezer
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

5. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

6. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

7. 1.000
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the function of albumin?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

8. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What is plasma?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

9. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

10. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

11. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What is plasma?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

12. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

13. CBC in birds and reptiles
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

14. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

15. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

16. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
What is another name for a blister cell?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

17. PO
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
During secretion What does PF3 do?

18. Vascular part - platelet plug
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is a WBC tumor?

19. Primary hemostasis and plt number
A vascular spasm is immediate...
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What does plt count evaluate?

20. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
Define artifact
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

21. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

22. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What are some examples of immunologic?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

23. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What are some causes of BM failure
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

24. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What are the blood types of a cat?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

25. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

26. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
At birth is TP high or low
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

27. Black ring has a smaller diameter
MCH
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

28. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

29. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

30. Citrate intoxication- cardiac standstill - tremors - arrhythmias
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?

31. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

32. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What is the specific use for BTT?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

33. Schistocytes
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

34. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the types of BM sample?

35. 7-10 days
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

36. Horse
MCV
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

37. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

38. 3-6%
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

39. CBC
What is the specific use for LTT?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?

40. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
During gestation is TP high or low?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

41. Thrombin - fibrin
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
During gestation is TP high or low?
Fibrinogen > __________

42. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What does a RTT contain?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

43. Thrombin - platelets
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

44. lymphosarcoma
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What is the specific use for BTT?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...

45. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

46. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is serum?
What is the specific use for BTT?
What does plt count evaluate?

47. Distilled water on refractometer or an uncalbrated refractometer
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

48. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is the definition of PCV?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is TP measured in?

49. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

50. Free or Unbound TPO
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?