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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What is the function of immunglobins?

2. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
Define relative

3. No - but it is not ideal
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
MCHC
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

4. lymphosarcoma
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

5. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is plasma?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

6. Cat
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

7. Thrombocytopenia
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is contained in the buffy coat?

8. Saline wash
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
granule
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

9. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

10. Iatrogenic
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?

11. Salivation - v/d - dyspnea - death
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What does a RTT contain?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

12. Torocytes
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each

13. Acanthocytes
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

14. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What are the 3 components of blood?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
MCH
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

15. Lymphosarcoma
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What do you look for to identify a basophil

16. Bone marrow toxin - kidney failure - iron defiency
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What is an example of decreased production?
What are some causes of BM failure

17. .98mls to .02mls
List the order of Platelet production
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

18. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Define relative
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?

19. Primary hemostasis
Fibrinogen > __________
What does BMBT evaluate
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What is an example of decreased production?

20. Not mixing the sample
What is the biggest error in hematology?
List the order of Platelet production
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

21. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
Name the 3 granulocytes
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

22. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

23. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
The WBC morphology includes...
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

24. Increase at the same time
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What do you look for to identify a basophil
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

25. Room temperature
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

26. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What does a RTT contain?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

27. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
Platelet morphology includes...
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is TP measured in?

28. Marrow failure and tumor staging
What are the indications for BM sampling
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are the 3 components of blood?

29. If buffer gets into the stain jar the slide will not stain correctly

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30. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

31. Prognosis and tx protocol
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

32. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

33. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What does ACT evaluate?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

34. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

35. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

36. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

37. VIII and vWB
What is a WBC tumor?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

38. defective maturation series
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

39. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
At birth is TP high or low
Where are immunoglobins made?

40. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

41. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
Where are immunoglobins made?
What organ produces EPO?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....

42. 39-55 -30-36
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

43. In the fridge - in the freezer
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
Avian basophils do not have a...
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?

44. Band neutrophil
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

45. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

46. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What are the 3 components of blood?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

47. Lymphocyte - monocyte
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

48. Thrombocytopenia
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

49. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

50. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?