Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

2. 39-55 -30-36
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What is a serum separator tube?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

3. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What are some causes of BM failure

4. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

5. Macrocytosis
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
During gestation is TP high or low?

6. Acanthocytes
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What color is a 22ga needle?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

7. Leukocytosis
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What does plt count evaluate?

8. PCV - TP - skin tugor - CRT
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

9. Increase in RBCs
The WBC morphology includes...
Define polycythemia
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

10. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

11. Blood loss and dehydration
What are the blood types of a cat?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

12. BTT
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

13. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

14. Blood chemistries
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?

15. Room temperature
What are dohle bodies?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

16. Keratocyte
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

17. Adequate size and WBC distribution
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

18. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What color is a 20ga needle?

19. VIII and vWB
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?

20. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What are the blood types of a cat?

21. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What does plt count evaluate?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

22. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What is serum?
What are the 3 functions of platelets

23. Maintains osmotic pressure
What is the function of albumin?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What color is a 25ga needle?

24. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Define artifact
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

25. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
MCV
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Define relative

26. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
The WBC morphology includes...
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is the specific use for LTT?

27. VIII and vWB
What is this the test of choice for?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?

28. Hemosiderin - erythrophagocytosis; IMHA
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
granule
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

29. No - but it is not ideal
What are the types of BM sample?
Define absolute
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

30. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

31. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

32. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

33. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?

34. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are dohle bodies?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the biggest error in hematology?

35. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?

36. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

37. Pink
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What color is a 20ga needle?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

38. Empty package of negate stain
Name the 3 granulocytes
vacuoles
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

39. Monolayer on 40x
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

40. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

41. 1.000
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

42. Lymphosarcoma
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
chromatin

43. IV
What is TP measured in?
What is the method for BMBT?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

44. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

45. Schistocytes
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What is the function of immunglobins?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

46. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

47. Liver Failure - DIC
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What is the method for ACT?
What does a RTT contain?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

48. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What is the biggest error in hematology?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

49. Compensatory mechanisms
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

50. Neovascularization
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What is the plt dervided growth factor?