Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Reticulocyte count
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

2. Target cell
Adhesion requires what factor?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are the 3 components of blood?

3. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

4. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

5. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

6. 60-70 -30-36
List the order of Platelet production
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What does a mature avian RBC look like

7. Acanthocytes
Fibrinolysis is...
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
granule

8. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

9. Calculated a corrected WBC ct.
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?

10. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

11. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
What are dohle bodies?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

12. Macrocytic
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What does ACT evaluate?

13. Protrusion will be very dark in color
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

14. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
The WBC morphology includes...
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

15. Hemolysis and clot
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

16. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
During secretion What does PF3 do?

17. Von Willebrand's Disease
granule
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

18. Rouleaux or agglutination
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What do monocytes do?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

19. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
Platelet morphology includes...
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

20. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
What is dysproteinemia?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Fibrinolysis is...

21. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
Define polycythemia
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia

22. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the function of immunglobins?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

23. Leptocyte
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

24. Bleed them out
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is the tx for RBC tumor

25. Red
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What color is a 25ga needle?

26. Morbillivirus sp
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

27. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

28. Stomatocyte
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What organ produces EPO?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?

29. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

30. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
chromatin
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?

31. Affects the GI tract
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

32. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
MCH
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

33. Grey
What color is a 16ga needle?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What is the specific use for LTT?

34. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

35. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

36. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

37. doesn't last that long
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

38. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

39. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

40. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is another name for a blister cell?

41. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
Where does protein originate from?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?

42. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

43. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
All cells can get...
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

44. No - but it is not ideal
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

45. Heparin which prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

46. Seg
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What happens during aggregation

47. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What are the 2 main proteins?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

48. blood
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

49. Black ring has a smaller diameter
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

50. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia