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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

2. Thrombin - platelets
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...

3. Jugular- 18ga
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

4. Anemia
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are some examples of immunologic?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

5. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

6. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What is the method for BMBT?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

7. Thrombocytosis
What are 3 effects of EPO?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

8. Anisocytosis
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What 2 ways does a platelet form?

9. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

10. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

11. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What do you look for to identify a basophil

12. To observe for transfusion reactions
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
Define absolute
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

13. Protrusion will be very dark in color
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

14. Grey
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What are the types of BM sample?
What color is a 16ga needle?

15. Heterophil
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

16. RTT - LTT - BTT - Dia.
What are the 3 functions of platelets
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

17. Echinocytes
What is the specific use for LTT?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

18. Eccentrocyte
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the function of albumin?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What is another name for a blister cell?

19. VWB
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

20. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

21. Kidney
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What organ produces EPO?

22. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

23. Thrombin - fibrin
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
Fibrinogen > __________
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

24. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis

25. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

26. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

27. Increase in RBCs
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
Define polycythemia
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

28. Blood chemistries
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

29. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

30. Perform 2 or more of the test
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Name the 2 agranulocytes

31. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

32. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What color is a 25ga needle?
Define absolute
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

33. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What is the stimulus for platelets
Where does protein originate from?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

34. Compensatory mechanisms
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

35. They increase
Adhesion requires what factor?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

36. 7-10 days
What is serum?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

37. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
Define relative
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

38. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What are some examples of immunologic?

39. Vascular part - platelet plug
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

40. But temporary
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
A vascular spasm is immediate...

41. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

42. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

43. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
List the order of Platelet production

44. Polychormatophilics
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are dohle bodies?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

45. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

46. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

47. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
Defects of hemostasis can be..
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

48. Empty package of negate stain
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
vacuoles
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

49. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

50. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?