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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Increase
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

2. If buffer gets into the stain jar the slide will not stain correctly

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3. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
Define thromboembolic disorder
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

4. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
List the order of Platelet production
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

5. Hypochromic
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

6. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What is the function of protein?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

7. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What does hemosiderin look like?

8. Green
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What does ACT evaluate?
What color is a 18ga needle?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

9. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?

10. Polychormatophilics
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
MCHC
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is the function of immunglobins?

11. Liver
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

12. 3 times
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

13. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What do monocytes do?

14. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

15. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

16. Coverslips
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

17. SQ
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

18. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
All cells can get...
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?

19. 39-55 -30-36
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

20. Metamyelocyte
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?

21. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
The RBC morphology includes...
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

22. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
What are the types of BM sample?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...

23. In the fridge - in the freezer
What organ produces EPO?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What is serum?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

24. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
List the order of Platelet production

25. Poikilocytosis
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

26. Salivation - v/d - dyspnea - death
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?

27. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What is plasma?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

28. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What are the 3 components of blood?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

29. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?

30. Prothrombinase
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______

31. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What is the method for BMBT?

32. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
Platelet morphology includes...
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia

33. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What is dysproteinemia?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

34. Spherocyte
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What does ACT evaluate?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

35. Cow
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What does BMBT evaluate

36. Blue granules
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is the method for BMBT?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

37. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

38. 3-6%
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
Name the 3 granulocytes

39. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

40. WBC identification rule of thumb
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What does plt count evaluate?

41. Fibrin
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

42. Anisocytosis
Define artifact
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

43. Liver Failure - DIC
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects

44. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

45. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
Define thromboembolic disorder
What are the blood types of a cat?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

46. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

47. Fill a DET tube - gently mix - set timer - keep in warm spot - check tube every 10 sec until clot forms stop timer
What is TP measured in?
What is the method for ACT?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

48. Aggregate
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?

49. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the specific use for LTT?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
Name the 2 agranulocytes

50. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?