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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

2. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

3. Liver and lymphoid tissue
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
Where are immunoglobins made?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

4. Adequate size and WBC distribution
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
Fibrinogen > __________

5. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

6. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

7. Liver function - immune status - hydrations - kidney function - and GI function
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

8. NRBC
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?

9. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

10. Coverslips
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?

11. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

12. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
What does a RTT contain?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

13. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
What color is a 20ga needle?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

14. Thrombocytopenia
What do monocytes do?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...

15. Blue granules
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What do you look for to identify a basophil
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

16. Increase at the same time
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Define thromboembolic disorder
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

17. Morbillivirus sp
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

18. Jar 1- wright's stain - set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 2 - buffer with 1 pipette of wright's stain- set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 3 - distille water - dip slide into jar 7-10 one sec dips

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19. Iatrogenic
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

20. Room temperature
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

21. Von Willebrand's Disease
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What is this the test of choice for?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

22. VWB factor
List the order of Platelet production
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Adhesion requires what factor?

23. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

24. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

25. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
Define absolute
What are 3 effects of EPO?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

26. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is a serum separator tube?

27. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

28. Reticulocyte count
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

29. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
What is another name for a blister cell?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

30. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?

31. WBC identification rule of thumb
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

32. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
The RBC morphology includes...
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What are some causes of BM failure

33. Torocytes
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What color is a 16ga needle?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

34. fresh
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What is an example of increased destruction?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What does BMBT evaluate

35. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

36. Promoters - inhibitors
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

37. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

38. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
Where does protein originate from?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

39. Vit K
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What does ACT evaluate?

40. Thrombocytes
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________

41. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

42. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

43. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What is a serum separator tube?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?

44. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

45. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

46. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first

47. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is an example of decreased production?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?

48. Albumin and immunglobins
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the 2 main proteins?

49. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

50. Poikilocytosis
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?