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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Blue
What color is a 22ga needle?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

2. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

3. Fibrin
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

4. Horse
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
Define thromboembolic disorder

5. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

6. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Where does protein originate from?

7. Dog
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

8. II - VII - IX - X
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What does ACT evaluate?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

9. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

10. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
Define polycythemia
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

11. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
Where are immunoglobins made?

12. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Fibrinolysis is...

13. Rouleaux or agglutination
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

14. Citrate intoxication- cardiac standstill - tremors - arrhythmias
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

15. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

16. Tissue factor - prothrombinase
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

17. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
MCV
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

18. BTT
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What organ produces EPO?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

19. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What are some causes of BM failure
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

20. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What color is a 20ga needle?

21. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What are the types of BM sample?
What is the definition of PCV?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

22. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?

23. Coagulation studies
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the specific use for BTT?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

24. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

25. 7-10 days
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

26. Affects the GI tract
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What does ACT evaluate?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

27. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Defects of hemostasis can be..

28. IV catheter; IO or IP
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

29. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

30. Jugular- 20ga
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

31. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
Microsytosis is often seen in...
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

32. Anaplasma marginale
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

33. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What do monocytes do?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

34. Size - shape - color - and +/- inclusions
Define relative
The RBC morphology includes...
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Thrombocytes tend to...

35. no body
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

36. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

37. 37-55% - 30-45%
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

38. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
Name the 3 granulocytes
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
Thrombocytes tend to...
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

39. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What does ACT evaluate?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better

40. blood
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

41. Thrombocytopenia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

42. Agglutination or hemolysis
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

43. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What are some examples of immunologic?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

44. Thrombocytopenia
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is an example of loss of RBC

45. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

46. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
What are the 2 main proteins?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

47. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
What is a WBC tumor?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?

48. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What is an example of increased destruction?

49. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What does hemosiderin look like?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?

50. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What does plt count evaluate?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?