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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
What is dysproteinemia?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

2. Perform 2 or more of the test
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

3. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
Define relative
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

4. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

5. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

6. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
During gestation is TP high or low?
What color is a 16ga needle?

7. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
Define thromboembolic disorder
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

8. Dog
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

9. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
What are dohle bodies?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

10. Thrombocytes
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

11. Pink
Name the 3 granulocytes
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What color is a 20ga needle?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

12. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

13. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

14. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

15. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Fibrinolysis is...
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

16. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

17. Blue granules
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What do you look for to identify a basophil

18. blood
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...

19. Anemia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

20. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What is an example of increased destruction?

21. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
The WBC morphology includes...
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
List the order of Platelet production
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

22. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

23. Salivation - v/d - dyspnea - death
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

24. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

25. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

26. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
Fibrinolysis is...
During secretion What does PF3 do?
Where does protein originate from?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

27. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is this the test of choice for?

28. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is fibrinolysis?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

29. That the blood is compatible with recipient
What color is a 16ga needle?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

30. Yes
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

31. Jar 1- wright's stain - set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 2 - buffer with 1 pipette of wright's stain- set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 3 - distille water - dip slide into jar 7-10 one sec dips

32. Horse
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

33. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What do monocytes do?

34. Thrombocytopenia
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is serum?
vacuoles

35. To observe for transfusion reactions
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

36. Empty package of negate stain
What color is a 20ga needle?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
vacuoles

37. Promoters - inhibitors
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

38. Grey
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What color is a 16ga needle?
Define thromboembolic disorder
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

39. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
The WBC morphology includes...
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

40. Vit K
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

41. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
Where are immunoglobins made?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

42. Jugular- 20ga
What does the FDP test detect?
List the order of Platelet production
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

43. Anterior vena cava- 16ga 3-3.5 inches - ear vein- 21ga butterfly
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What does a mature avian RBC look like

44. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is a WBC tumor?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What does the FDP test detect?

45. Leukocytozoon spp
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
During gestation is TP high or low?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

46. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

47. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

48. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

49. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

50. Microcytic
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube