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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

2. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

3. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the biggest error in hematology?

4. 5-7
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

5. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

6. No - but it is not ideal
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
Define relative
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

7. VIII and vWB
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What happens during aggregation

8. 450 mls; 56 mls
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

9. 1.000
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

10. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

11. Cow; dusty purple grey
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

12. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
Define thromboembolic disorder
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What do monocytes do?

13. Increased concentration: dehydration
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

14. Genetic material in the nucleus
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What do monocytes do?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
chromatin

15. Jugular- 18ga
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

16. Increase at the same time
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What are some causes of BM failure
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

17. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What are the 3 functions of platelets

18. Agglutination or hemolysis
What is an example of loss of RBC
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

19. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

20. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

21. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

22. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?

23. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?

24. Dog
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

25. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What do monocytes do?
What is a WBC tumor?

26. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

27. Prognosis and tx protocol
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

28. Thrombocytes
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

29. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

30. 6 -000-17 -000/microliter; 5 -500-19 -500/microliter
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

31. Iatrogenic
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

32. Marrow failure and tumor staging
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What are the indications for BM sampling

33. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

34. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

35. Megakaryocyte
What is this the test of choice for?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

36. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What is the method for BMBT?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

37. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

38. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is dysproteinemia?

39. present in the blood
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

40. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

41. Torocytes
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

42. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
Name the 3 granulocytes

43. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
The WBC morphology includes...
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

44. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

45. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

46. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

47. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is the definition of PCV?
What are some causes of BM failure

48. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
Thrombocytes tend to...
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What does VWF test evaluate?

49. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is plasma?

50. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?