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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Bleed them out
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the tx for RBC tumor
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
Where are immunoglobins made?

2. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
The RBC morphology includes...
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

3. Not mixing the sample
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What does VWF test evaluate?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

4. Horse
What is the function of albumin?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

5. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What is plasma?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

6. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

7. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

8. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

9. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

10. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
Name the 2 agranulocytes

11. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
Avian basophils do not have a...

12. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

13. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

14. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

15. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

16. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
At birth is TP high or low
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

17. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

18. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What organ produces EPO?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

19. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
All cells can get...
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

20. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
What does a RTT contain?
Fibrinogen > __________
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

21. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

22. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

23. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What does hemosiderin look like?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

24. Liver
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

25. Heterophil
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

26. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are the types of BM sample?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What are some causes of BM failure

27. Kidney
What organ produces EPO?
Where are immunoglobins made?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

28. Increase in RBCs
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
Define polycythemia
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

29. Blood chemistries
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

30. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is the definition of PCV?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

31. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

32. Anaplasma marginale
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)

33. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What does the FDP test detect?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What do monocytes do?

34. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What is fibrinolysis?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

35. Megakaryocyte
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

36. Cellular - acellular - and fluid
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is plasma?

37. hereditary or acquired
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is this the test of choice for?

38. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

39. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
Where are immunoglobins made?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What are dohle bodies?

40. Hypoxia
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What is the definition of PCV?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

41. 50:50%; 0-5%; rare
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
granule
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?

42. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are 3 effects of EPO?

43. 5-7
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

44. Grey
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What color is a 16ga needle?
vacuoles
What is the method for ACT?

45. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

46. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
What are the 2 main proteins?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

47. Hereditary
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

48. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?

49. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
vacuoles
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What does the test thrombin time detect?

50. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?