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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Acanthocytes
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is the function of albumin?

2. blood
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Where are immunoglobins made?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

3. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What does BMBT evaluate
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Name the 3 granulocytes

4. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

5. Macrocytosis - Microcytosis
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What color is a 20ga needle?

6. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

7. 5-7
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

8. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?

9. Maintains osmotic pressure
What is the function of albumin?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What are some causes of BM failure

10. Increased concentration: dehydration
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

11. Adequate size and WBC distribution
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

12. 7-10 days
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

13. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
Where does protein originate from?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

14. No - but it is not ideal
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

15. Increase
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What does hemosiderin look like?

16. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
At birth is TP high or low
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What are some examples of immunologic?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?

17. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

18. lymphosarcoma
What is contained in the buffy coat?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

19. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

20. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What does BMBT evaluate
What does a RTT contain?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

21. 1.000
What do monocytes do?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

22. 60-70 -30-36
What color is a 25ga needle?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

23. Pink
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?

24. Antigen or foreign protein
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is the stimulus for platelets
granule

25. Heparin which prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What does ACT evaluate?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

26. 50:50%; 0-5%; rare
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?

27. Liver and lymphoid tissue
What are some causes of BM failure
Where are immunoglobins made?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

28. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is the method for ACT?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

29. Cow
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

30. Prothrombinase
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

31. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
The WBC morphology includes...
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

32. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
What is the specific use for LTT?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

33. Basophilic stippling
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?

34. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
Define thromboembolic disorder
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...

35. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

36. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What does the test thrombin time detect?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

37. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
What is an example of increased destruction?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

38. VIII and vWB
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What color is a 18ga needle?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

39. Contact activation
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
At birth is TP high or low
Fibrinogen > __________

40. Myelocyte; yes
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

41. Thrombopathias and vascular
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is this the test of choice for?

42. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
Adhesion requires what factor?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

43. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
What is the function of albumin?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each

44. Anaplasma marginale
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

45. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

46. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

47. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

48. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is serum?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

49. Trypanosoma sp
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

50. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?