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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

2. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What are the 2 main proteins?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

3. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

4. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
Define thromboembolic disorder
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
Fibrinogen > __________
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?

5. Blood gases
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

6. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

7. no body
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

8. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

9. Thrombocytopenia
All cells can get...
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

10. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

11. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

12. Degree of the difference
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

13. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

14. Blood chemistries
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

15. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

16. Saline wash
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What is an example of decreased production?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

17. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
vacuoles
What does the FDP test detect?
Name the 3 granulocytes

18. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

19. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

20. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

21. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
Define artifact
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
Define absolute
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

22. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

23. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
Thrombocytes tend to...

24. II - VII - IX - X
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

25. VWB factor
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What happens during aggregation
Adhesion requires what factor?

26. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation - directly from patient
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are the indications for BM sampling
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

27. Platelets stick to each other
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What happens during aggregation
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

28. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

29. Cow
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
Define artifact

30. Vascular part - platelet plug
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is a WBC tumor?

31. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is serum?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

32. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

33. Eccentrocyte
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

34. Prothrombinase
What is an example of loss of RBC
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

35. Cellular - acellular - and fluid
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the method for BMBT?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

36. Basophils
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

37. Primary hemostasis and plt number
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What does plt count evaluate?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What does the FDP test detect?

38. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?

39. Empty package of negate stain
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
vacuoles
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

40. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
What organ produces EPO?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

41. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

42. fresh
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better

43. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

44. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

45. The fluid portion of anticoagulated blood
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is plasma?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

46. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What does plt count evaluate?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

47. B/c eos produce anti histamine to counteract the histamine i the mast cell granules
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

48. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
What is the tx for RBC tumor
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
vacuoles

49. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What color is a 16ga needle?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
Fibrinogen > __________

50. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is the specific use for LTT?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?