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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
The WBC morphology includes...

2. IV
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

3. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

4. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is a serum separator tube?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

5. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
What does a mature avian RBC look like
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Define relative

6. Vacuoles
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
granule
All cells can get...

7. Neovascularization
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

8. Iatrogenic
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

9. 1.1 - 1.2 - and 7
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What is fibrinolysis?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?

10. Hemolysis and clot
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

11. Hemorrhage
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is an example of loss of RBC
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

12. Macrocytosis
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

13. Howell-Jolly Bodies
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

14. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

15. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What are the indications for BM sampling
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

16. Size - shape - and number
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What is fibrinolysis?
Platelet morphology includes...
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

17. Thrombin - fibrin
Fibrinogen > __________
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

18. Membrane bound package of chemicals
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
granule

19. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?

20. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
What is TP measured in?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

21. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
what WBC do mast cells resemble

22. Thrombopathias and vascular
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What is this the test of choice for?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors

23. 60-70 -30-36
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is a WBC tumor?

24. Hypoxia w/o anemia and glucocorticoids
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

25. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What is an example of decreased production?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

26. Heterophil
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

27. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

28. PO
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
During gestation is TP high or low?

29. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
Adhesion requires what factor?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

30. Megakaryocyte
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

31. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

32. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What does VWF test evaluate?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

33. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

34. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

35. Macrophages
What is fibrinolysis?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

36. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What color is a 16ga needle?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

37. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
What is the stimulus for platelets
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
MCHC

38. Fibrin
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

39. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
Define thromboembolic disorder

40. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

41. Liver and lymphoid tissue
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
Where are immunoglobins made?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

42. Blood gases
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

43. Black ring has a smaller diameter
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What is the definition of PCV?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

44. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

45. Lymphocyte - monocyte
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

46. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

47. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

48. 3-6%
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)

49. 50:50%; 0-5%; rare
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?

50. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______