Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Hemorrhage
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
Where are immunoglobins made?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

2. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What are the 3 components of blood?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Platelet morphology includes...

3. Polychormatophilics
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

4. Affects the GI tract
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

5. Prothrombin time
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

6. Morbillivirus sp
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What color is a 16ga needle?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

7. present in the blood
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...

8. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
During gestation is TP high or low?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

9. Eccentrocyte
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What is another name for a blister cell?

10. Megakaryocyte
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

11. Stomatocyte
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?

12. fresh
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the function of immunglobins?

13. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

14. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
The WBC morphology includes...
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
Adhesion requires what factor?

15. Distilled water on refractometer or an uncalbrated refractometer
What is TP measured in?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

16. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

17. Acetaminophin - maple leaves - onions - and zinc
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

18. Hemolysis and clot
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

19. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

20. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What does hemosiderin look like?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

21. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

22. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What is the specific use for LTT?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

23. 3-6%
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

24. Grey
What color is a 16ga needle?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
A vascular spasm is immediate...

25. Round to oval; ameboid
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
Define polycythemia
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

26. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

27. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
What does BMBT evaluate
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

28. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
The RBC morphology includes...
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What is dysproteinemia?

29. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

30. Thrombin - platelets
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What happens during aggregation
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?

31. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What does a mature avian RBC look like

32. w/o anemia
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

33. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
Define polycythemia

34. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

35. Thrombopathias and vascular
What is this the test of choice for?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

36. Hyperchromic
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?

37. Blood loss and dehydration
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

38. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

39. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

40. Liver
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What is a serum separator tube?

41. doesn't last that long
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What does the FDP test detect?
What is the function of protein?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

42. Hypochromic
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

43. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

44. 60-70 -30-36
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
Define polycythemia
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

45. Fill a DET tube - gently mix - set timer - keep in warm spot - check tube every 10 sec until clot forms stop timer
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is the method for ACT?

46. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What are some causes of BM failure
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What is the function of immunglobins?

47. Compensatory mechanisms
What does a mature avian RBC look like
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

48. 39-55 -30-36
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What is dysproteinemia?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

49. .98mls to .02mls
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

50. 7-10 days
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion