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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
What happens during aggregation
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is the function of protein?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

2. Contact activation
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

3. Eccentrocyte
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is another name for a blister cell?
What is plasma?

4. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

5. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What does hemosiderin look like?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

6. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

7. PCV - TP - skin tugor - CRT
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

8. Fibrin
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

9. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What is the method for BMBT?

10. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

11. Rouleaux or agglutination
What are the indications for BM sampling
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the function of albumin?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

12. CBC
What is the specific use for LTT?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What are the blood types of a cat?

13. BTT
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
Platelet morphology includes...
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

14. Target cell
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

15. 7-10 days
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What color is a 18ga needle?

16. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What does ACT evaluate?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

17. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

18. Dog
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

19. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the function of immunglobins?
Thrombocytes tend to...

20. Horse
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What does a RTT contain?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

21. Compensatory mechanisms
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

22. Decreased concentration: over hydration
Platelet morphology includes...
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What is the specific use for LTT?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

23. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

24. Black ring has a smaller diameter
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What color is a 20ga needle?

25. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

26. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What is serum?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?

27. Macrocytic
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the specific use for BTT?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

28. Liver
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

29. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
Define absolute
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

30. 50:50%; 0-5%; rare
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What is dysproteinemia?

31. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

32. present in the blood
Thrombocytes tend to...
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
During gestation is TP high or low?

33. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

34. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
Platelet morphology includes...
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

35. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

36. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
List the order of Platelet production

37. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
What is an example of decreased production?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

38. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What does ACT evaluate?

39. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

40. Free or Unbound TPO
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is the stimulus for platelets
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

41. don't cause clots
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
All cells can get...
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

42. Basophilic stippling
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
Define artifact
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

43. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
Define artifact
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

44. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
Where does protein originate from?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

45. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
During gestation is TP high or low?

46. Round to oval; ameboid
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

47. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is an example of loss of RBC

48. Hemorrhage
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What is an example of loss of RBC

49. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

50. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What are the 2 main proteins?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?