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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Prognosis and tx protocol
What color is a 16ga needle?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

2. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

3. normally very balanced activators vs inhibitors
Fibrinolysis is...
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

4. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
What color is a 25ga needle?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?

5. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

6. Dog
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

7. Room temperature
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?

8. Increased concentration: dehydration
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What are the 2 main proteins?

9. Reticulocyte count
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is dysproteinemia?
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia

10. Thrombocytopenia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

11. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

12. But temporary
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Fibrinolysis is...
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

13. Blood gases
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What does a RTT contain?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

14. Heinz body
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?

15. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What does hemosiderin look like?

16. Blue granules
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

17. Empty package of negate stain
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
vacuoles
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
At birth is TP high or low

18. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What does hemosiderin look like?

19. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
What is the method for ACT?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

20. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What are the 3 components of blood?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?

21. Increase at the same time
Defects of hemostasis can be..
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

22. Distilled water on refractometer or an uncalbrated refractometer
What color is a 22ga needle?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

23. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

24. Protrusion will be very dark in color
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?

25. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

26. The fluid portion of anticoagulated blood
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is plasma?
What does plt count evaluate?

27. Thrombocytopenia
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

28. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

29. Megakaryocyte
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the definition of PCV?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

30. Cow
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What does hemosiderin look like?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

31. Lymphosarcoma
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

32. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

33. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

34. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

35. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
What is the stimulus for platelets
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

36. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
Thrombocytes tend to...
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the definition of PCV?

37. hereditary or acquired
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

38. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

39. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What is this the test of choice for?

40. Thrombopathias and vascular
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What is this the test of choice for?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

41. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
MCH

42. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
What does VWF test evaluate?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

43. .98mls to .02mls
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
A vascular spasm is immediate...
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

44. Liver Failure - DIC
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

45. Monolayer on 40x
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Define artifact
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

46. PO
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

47. That the blood is compatible with recipient
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

48. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

49. SQ
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

50. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
What does ACT evaluate?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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