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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Hemolysis and clot
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is this the test of choice for?

2. Prothrombinase
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

3. Fibrin clot
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

4. Antigen or foreign protein
What are the types of BM sample?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is TP measured in?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

5. Hereditary
What are the blood types of a cat?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What are the 3 functions of platelets

6. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

7. Increase in RBCs
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What does BMBT evaluate
Define relative
Define polycythemia

8. Adequate size and WBC distribution
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
Define thromboembolic disorder

9. PCV - TP - skin tugor - CRT
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

10. Genetic material in the nucleus
chromatin
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...

11. Blood gases
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

12. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?

13. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

14. Vit K
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

15. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are some examples of immunologic?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

16. Dog
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What are the 3 components of blood?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?

17. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

18. Vascular part - platelet plug
Define absolute
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

19. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
What do you look for to identify a basophil
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

20. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

21. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?

22. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects

23. Keratocyte
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

24. Megakaryocyte
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

25. Ehrlichia sp.
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

26. Pink granules
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

27. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

28. Monolayer on 40x
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
All cells can get...
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

29. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
Where are immunoglobins made?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

30. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

31. The fluid portion of anticoagulated blood
Thrombocytes tend to...
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What is plasma?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?

32. WBC identification rule of thumb
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

33. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Where does protein originate from?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What is the definition of PCV?

34. Torocytes
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

35. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

36. Lymphocyte - monocyte
Name the 2 agranulocytes
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

37. They increase
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

38. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What does plt count evaluate?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

39. Promoters - inhibitors
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

40. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Where does protein originate from?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

41. BTT
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

42. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

43. VIII and vWB
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
Define artifact

44. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
MCHC
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What is the specific use for BTT?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

45. Grey
What color is a 16ga needle?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

46. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
Define polycythemia
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each

47. NRBC
What color is a 20ga needle?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

48. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

49. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is TP measured in?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

50. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?