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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

2. PCV - TP - skin tugor - CRT
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What is fibrinolysis?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

3. Marrow failure and tumor staging
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What are the indications for BM sampling
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

4. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What does the FDP test detect?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

5. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

6. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

7. w/o anemia
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

8. no body
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
Name the 3 granulocytes

9. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?

10. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

11. Horse
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
All cells can get...
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?

12. II - VII - IX - X
Where does protein originate from?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors

13. In the fridge - in the freezer
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the biggest error in hematology?

14. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What does plt count evaluate?

15. Jugular- 18ga
What color is a 20ga needle?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

16. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

17. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

18. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

19. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
What is contained in the buffy coat?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors

20. Hemolysis and clot
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

21. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

22. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

23. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

24. Stomatocyte
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)

25. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
The RBC morphology includes...
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

26. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
The WBC morphology includes...
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

27. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What is the function of immunglobins?

28. Agglutination or hemolysis
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?

29. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?

30. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

31. Macrocytic
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

32. Thrombocytopenia
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

33. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What is this the test of choice for?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

34. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is an example of decreased production?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

35. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

36. 450 mls; 56 mls
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?

37. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
Defects of hemostasis can be..
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Define thromboembolic disorder
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

38. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

39. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

40. Thrombocytopenia
What is the specific use for LTT?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

41. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

42. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
What does BMBT evaluate
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

43. Ghost cell
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

44. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

45. Cat
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What does the FDP test detect?

46. Hypochromic
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

47. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What does a RTT contain?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

48. The fluid portion of anticoagulated blood
What is TP measured in?
What is plasma?
Fibrinogen > __________
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

49. CBC
What are the 2 main proteins?
What is the specific use for LTT?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

50. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.