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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Red
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What color is a 25ga needle?

2. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What does the FDP test detect?
What is the function of protein?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

3. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are dohle bodies?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

4. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
What are the blood types of a cat?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

5. Cytauxzoon sp.
What are the blood types of a cat?
Where are immunoglobins made?
Avian basophils do not have a...
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

6. Decreased concentration: over hydration
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

7. segmented nucleus
What color is a 25ga needle?
Avian basophils do not have a...
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

8. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What does the FDP test detect?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

9. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

10. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What are the indications for BM sampling
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?

11. New Anemia -Decrease production anemia
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
granule
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

12. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

13. VIII and vWB
Name the 3 granulocytes
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

14. Increased concentration: dehydration
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
Define relative

15. hereditary or acquired
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

16. Acid citrate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (35 days)
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What are the indications for BM sampling
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?

17. Rouleaux or agglutination
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

18. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
During gestation is TP high or low?

19. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is the function of albumin?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors

20. Normocytic
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

21. doesn't last that long
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

22. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is the method for BMBT?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?

23. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

24. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

25. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
What is an example of decreased production?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

26. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

27. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

28. Horse
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

29. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the specific use for LTT?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

30. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
At birth is TP high or low
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

31. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

32. Plastic bag - glass bottle - syringe
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?

33. Megakaryocyte
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

34. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

35. (PCV x 10)/RBC
MCV
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?

36. Perform 2 or more of the test
What color is a 20ga needle?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

37. w/o anemia
What does VWF test evaluate?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

38. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?

39. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

40. Kidney
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What organ produces EPO?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

41. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood

42. Coagulation studies
What does a RTT contain?
What is the specific use for BTT?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

43. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What is an example of decreased production?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin

44. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

45. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
Define absolute

46. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What is the method for BMBT?
What happens during aggregation

47. Hyperchromic
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

48. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Define absolute
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

49. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
What does ACT evaluate?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

50. Distilled water on refractometer or an uncalbrated refractometer
Thrombocytes tend to...
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH