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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What organ produces EPO?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

2. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

3. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What is a WBC tumor?

4. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

5. Increase
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

6. Torocytes
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

7. Seg
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

8. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

9. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?

10. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
granule
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

11. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

12. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?

13. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

14. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What are the blood types of a cat?

15. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
What does a RTT contain?
MCHC
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

16. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

17. Horse
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects

18. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

19. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is the function of albumin?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

20. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

21. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

22. Macrophages
What is TP measured in?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin

23. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

24. RTT - LTT - BTT - Dia.
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What is a serum separator tube?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?

25. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

26. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
Where does protein originate from?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What is contained in the buffy coat?

27. Dark - dense segmented nucleus
Name the 3 granulocytes
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
vacuoles

28. PPSC - Megakaryoblast - Promegakaryocyte - Megakaryocyte
List the order of Platelet production
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

29. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

30. Von Willebrand's Disease
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

31. Poikilocytosis
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

32. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?

33. Fibrin
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

34. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is dysproteinemia?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

35. Microcytic
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
All cells can get...

36. defective maturation series
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

37. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What are some causes of BM failure
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...

38. Band neutrophil
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is the defining cell of inflammation?

39. Low - it takes 6-12 months to build up
Name the 2 agranulocytes
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
At birth is TP high or low

40. Metamyelocyte
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

41. Cat
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

42. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?

43. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

44. Thrombocytes
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
MCV

45. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

46. VWB
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

47. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

48. Iatrogenic
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

49. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

50. Prothrombin time
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
A vascular spasm is immediate...