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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Coagulation studies
What does ACT evaluate?
What is the specific use for BTT?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

2. Myelodysplasia
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

3. Fill a DET tube - gently mix - set timer - keep in warm spot - check tube every 10 sec until clot forms stop timer
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is the method for ACT?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

4. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
Define absolute

5. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?

6. Thrombocytosis
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better

7. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

8. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What does plt count evaluate?
What are some examples of immunologic?

9. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
The WBC morphology includes...
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

10. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

11. Compensatory mechanisms
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?

12. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What does plt count evaluate?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?

13. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Adhesion requires what factor?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

14. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?

15. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Platelet morphology includes...
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

16. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
What is TP measured in?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

17. Vascular part - platelet plug
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

18. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

19. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

20. Oval with raisin-like nucleus
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What does a mature avian RBC look like

21. Metamyelocyte
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?

22. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

23. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?

24. Black ring has a smaller diameter
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

25. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
What is an example of loss of RBC
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
MCHC
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

26. Primary hemostasis
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What does BMBT evaluate
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

27. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?

28. Affects the GI tract
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What is fibrinolysis?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

29. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

30. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What does plt count evaluate?

31. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

32. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.

33. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What is fibrinolysis?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

34. Rouleaux or agglutination
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?

35. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

36. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
what WBC do mast cells resemble

37. Jar 1- wright's stain - set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 2 - buffer with 1 pipette of wright's stain- set slide in jar for 1 min - jar 3 - distille water - dip slide into jar 7-10 one sec dips

38. Heinz body
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What does BMBT evaluate
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.

39. Contact activation
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

40. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

41. Blue granules
Adhesion requires what factor?
What does ACT evaluate?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What do you look for to identify a basophil

42. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

43. Maintains osmotic pressure
Name the 3 granulocytes
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Define relative
What is the function of albumin?

44. Cat
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
vacuoles
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

45. Liver Failure - DIC
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What does BMBT evaluate

46. If buffer gets into the stain jar the slide will not stain correctly

47. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What is the method for BMBT?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
Define absolute

48. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

49. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is a serum separator tube?

50. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects