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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

2. Liver
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What are dohle bodies?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

3. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the blood types of a cat?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

4. Eccentrocyte
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What are the 2 main proteins?

5. But temporary
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

6. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What does VWF test evaluate?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

7. Not mixing the sample
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is the biggest error in hematology?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

8. To observe for transfusion reactions
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

9. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

10. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What do you look for to identify a basophil

11. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?

12. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What is serum?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

13. Increase
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Define relative
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

14. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
What are dohle bodies?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Avian basophils do not have a...

15. Primary granules; no
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

16. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What are dohle bodies?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

17. Lymphocyte - monocyte
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is plasma?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
Name the 2 agranulocytes

18. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

19. 5 -000 -000-10 -000 -000/microliter; 5 -000 -000-11 -000 -000/microliter
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Define artifact
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

20. Mycoplasma haemoncanis
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
Name the 3 granulocytes
Fibrinolysis is...

21. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

22. Inconsistent - small - and irregular
Define relative
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

23. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
Define relative
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

24. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation - directly from patient
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

25. Degree of the difference
MCHC
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

26. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is a serum separator tube?

27. Cellular - acellular - and fluid
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What are the 3 components of blood?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

28. If buffer gets into the stain jar the slide will not stain correctly

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29. Liver and lymphoid tissue
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What color is a 22ga needle?
Where are immunoglobins made?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

30. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
During secretion What does PF3 do?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

31. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

32. lymphosarcoma
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

33. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What is an example of increased destruction?

34. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
What is the function of immunglobins?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

35. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

36. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

37. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What does the FDP test detect?

38. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

39. Yes
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

40. Antigen or foreign protein
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

41. Compensatory mechanisms
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?

42. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

43. Membrane bound package of chemicals
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
granule
What happens during aggregation
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?

44. Ghost cell
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
Defects of hemostasis can be..
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is the tx for RBC tumor

45. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
What is TP measured in?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

46. Hemosiderin - erythrophagocytosis; IMHA
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

47. VWB
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
Where does protein originate from?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

48. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?

49. clump together
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

50. Leukocytozoon spp
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What is the specific use for GreenTT?