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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

2. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
What are the 2 main proteins?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each

3. Normocytic
Define absolute
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?

4. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is dysproteinemia?
What are some causes of BM failure
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

5. Prothrombinase
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______

6. Cytauxzoon sp.
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

7. Anemia
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
Define polycythemia
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

8. 60-70 -30-36
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
Where are immunoglobins made?

9. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______

10. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What does the FDP test detect?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

11. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

12. RTT - LTT - BTT - Dia.
Avian basophils do not have a...
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?

13. Increase in RBCs
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Define thromboembolic disorder
Define polycythemia

14. But temporary
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the specific use for LTT?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?

15. Band
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

16. The preceding factor
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What does BMBT evaluate
What is the definition of PCV?

17. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
Define artifact
What are dohle bodies?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

18. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis

19. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What does a RTT contain?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
The RBC morphology includes...

20. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

21. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What does ACT evaluate?

22. Ehrlichia sp.
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

23. Iatrogenic
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

24. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is the function of immunglobins?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

25. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

26. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What is the method for BMBT?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

27. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

28. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What is the function of protein?

29. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

30. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.

31. True deviation in the amount
Define absolute
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

32. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

33. Genetic material in the nucleus
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is the function of albumin?
chromatin

34. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

35. Red
What color is a 25ga needle?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

36. 72 hours; thrombocytopenia; no; because the platelets aggregate
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

37. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What organ produces EPO?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

38. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What color is a 25ga needle?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is plasma?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

39. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
MCHC

40. Leukocytosis
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

41. PO
What does a RTT contain?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

42. Hemonate for microdrips and admin set with filter for macrodrips
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

43. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

44. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)

45. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Define relative

46. Pink
What color is a 20ga needle?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

47. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
Where are immunoglobins made?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?

48. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What color is a 22ga needle?
Define absolute

49. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

50. Thrombocytopenia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?