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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Round to oval; ameboid
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

2. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What is a WBC tumor?
What is plasma?

3. segmented nucleus
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Avian basophils do not have a...
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

4. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

5. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

6. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

7. Acid citrate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (35 days)
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

8. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?

9. Iatrogenic
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

10. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

11. Increase in RBCs
What is plasma?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
Define polycythemia

12. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

13. Thrombocytosis
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?

14. .98mls to .02mls
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

15. Hypochromic
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

16. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
What is an example of loss of RBC
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

17. Non regenerative - unexplained leukopenia - unexplained thrombocytopenia - presence of abnormal immature cells in peripheral blood
What are some causes of BM failure
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

18. Mycoplasma haemoncanis
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
Microsytosis is often seen in...

19. Howell-Jolly Bodies
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is the specific use for BTT?

20. Fibrin clot
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

21. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What organ produces EPO?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

22. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Define thromboembolic disorder

23. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

24. w/o anemia
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

25. 2 years at room temperature
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?

26. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Define relative
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

27. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What is a serum separator tube?
Name the 2 agranulocytes

28. Jugular- 20ga
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is serum?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

29. Blood gases
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

30. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What color is a 22ga needle?
Define thromboembolic disorder

31. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
MCV
What are the blood types of a cat?

32. Macrophages
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin

33. Leptocyte
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
Define thromboembolic disorder
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What does the test thrombin time detect?

34. Perform 2 or more of the test
Adhesion requires what factor?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?

35. Heterophil
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

36. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is a serum separator tube?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

37. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

38. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What are 3 effects of EPO?
List the order of Platelet production

39. 3-6%
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

40. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?

41. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What are some examples of immunologic?

42. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

43. Cat
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

44. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

45. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What is fibrinolysis?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Where does protein originate from?

46. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

47. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are the 3 components of blood?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

48. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
What is serum?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

49. Reticulocyte count
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

50. Echinocytes
Avian basophils do not have a...
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?