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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Increase
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

2. Basophils
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
what WBC do mast cells resemble

3. Cow; dusty purple grey
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

4. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What does plt count evaluate?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

5. Lymphosarcoma
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

6. To observe for transfusion reactions
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia

7. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
What is dysproteinemia?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What is the definition of PCV?

8. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?

9. Thrombocytes
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

10. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
What does the FDP test detect?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

11. segmented nucleus
Avian basophils do not have a...
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What are the 3 components of blood?

12. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is serum?

13. Bleed them out
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
At birth is TP high or low
What is an example of loss of RBC

14. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

15. Blood glucose
The WBC morphology includes...
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
vacuoles

16. clump together
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
Thrombocytes tend to...
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

17. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

18. .98mls to .02mls
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What are the blood types of a cat?

19. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Name the 3 granulocytes
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

20. Cat
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

21. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What does the FDP test detect?

22. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
What is an example of loss of RBC
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

23. Affects the GI tract
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

24. (Hb x 10)/RBC
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
MCH
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

25. PO - IV - SQ - IP - IO
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
Define absolute
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

26. Fibrin clot
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

27. Macrophages
What is the biggest error in hematology?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin

28. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
What is a WBC tumor?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

29. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
The RBC morphology includes...

30. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

31. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are dohle bodies?

32. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

33. Antigen or foreign protein
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

34. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

35. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Define artifact
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

36. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
Define relative
vacuoles
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

37. Obs = # retics/1000 x 100 COR = (Pt PCV/ Average PCV) x observed % Abs = # retics/1000 x RBC ct
What color is a 22ga needle?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

38. Vit K
What does plt count evaluate?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

39. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What does BMBT evaluate
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

40. Iatrogenic
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

41. Leukocytosis
What does a RTT contain?
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

42. 1.000
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

43. II - VII - IX - X
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What color is a 16ga needle?

44. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What are the blood types of a cat?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
Fibrinolysis is...

45. PCV - TP - skin tugor - CRT
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

46. No - but it is not ideal
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

47. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
What does ACT evaluate?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What is TP measured in?

48. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
Name the 2 agranulocytes

49. 39-55 -30-36
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

50. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Define polycythemia