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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
What is the definition of PCV?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?

2. Increased concentration: dehydration
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

3. PCV - TP - skin tugor - CRT
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

4. Cytauxzoon sp.
MCHC
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
Name the 3 granulocytes
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

5. 450 mls; 56 mls
What is an example of decreased production?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

6. 100
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What is the stimulus for platelets
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?

7. Polychormatophilics
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

8. High - because hormones trigger a hyper immune state.
During gestation is TP high or low?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What is plasma?

9. Liver Failure - DIC
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Define absolute

10. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?

11. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What are the indications for BM sampling
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

12. Trypanosoma sp
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is an example of loss of RBC

13. Horse
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
MCV
Define artifact

14. Fibrin
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
A vascular spasm is immediate...

15. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
During gestation is TP high or low?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

16. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
Define polycythemia

17. Compensatory mechanisms
List the order of Platelet production
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What are the 3 functions of platelets
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?

18. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?

19. Jugular- 18ga
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is dysproteinemia?
What is plasma?

20. 39-55 -30-36
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

21. CBC in birds and reptiles
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

22. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What are some causes of BM failure

23. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
What is the biggest error in hematology?
MCV
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

24. Free or Unbound TPO
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the stimulus for platelets

25. Kidney
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What organ produces EPO?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

26. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
The RBC morphology includes...
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

27. Macrocytic
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

28. But temporary
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

29. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What is the method for ACT?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

30. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is a serum separator tube?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

31. Beter distribution/transport of oxygen - do not have to cross match
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

32. lymphosarcoma
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What is the specific use for BTT?

33. fresh
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
List the order of Platelet production
MCH
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

34. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

35. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

36. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What color is a 22ga needle?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

37. oval
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

38. Increase at the same time
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

39. Blue granules
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What do you look for to identify a basophil

40. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What do monocytes do?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

41. Acanthocytes
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?

42. Vacuoles
What color is a 18ga needle?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
All cells can get...

43. don't cause clots
What color is a 25ga needle?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What are some causes of BM failure

44. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
The WBC morphology includes...

45. Changes the color of mm or urine; no; because the mm and urine change to an opaque brown color Which is the color of the Oxyglobin
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

46. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

47. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is a serum separator tube?
All cells can get...
Define relative

48. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?

49. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?

50. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?