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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

2. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are some examples of immunologic?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

3. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Thrombocytes tend to...
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....

4. Concentration of proteins reflects a balance b/w filtration into tissues then a return of proteing in the lymphatic system
What is the function of immunglobins?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What does a RTT contain?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

5. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What color is a 25ga needle?

6. Fill a DET tube - gently mix - set timer - keep in warm spot - check tube every 10 sec until clot forms stop timer
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What is the method for ACT?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

7. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
What is an example of decreased production?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
Define polycythemia
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

8. no body
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

9. Cutaneous ulnar vein (raptors/fowl)- <25ga - medial metatarsal vein- <25ga - jugular- <25ga
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What is the specific use for LTT?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

10. Aggregate
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

11. Spherocyte
What is this the test of choice for?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

12. Horse
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?

13. VWB
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What is an example of decreased production?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

14. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
The WBC morphology includes...
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

15. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

16. Structural matrix - ground work for a cell - acts as transporters and carriers
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is the function of protein?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?

17. Leukocytozoon spp
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
chromatin
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

18. Monolayer on 40x
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?

19. don't cause clots
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

20. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

21. Anterior vena cava- 16ga 3-3.5 inches - ear vein- 21ga butterfly
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
Fibrinolysis is...
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

22. Breakdown of a clot
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Where are immunoglobins made?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What is fibrinolysis?

23. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

24. .98mls to .02mls
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What does a RTT contain?
Fibrinogen > __________
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?

25. Coverslips
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

26. Cow; dusty purple grey
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

27. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What is serum?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

28. Jugular- 20ga
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?

29. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

30. Blood gases
MCV
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...

31. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

32. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What is the function of albumin?
chromatin
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

33. Amount is the same it just looks different (ex fish pond)
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
Define relative
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

34. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

35. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

36. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

37. Round to oval; ameboid
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

38. defective maturation series
What does the FDP test detect?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

39. 2 syringe technique and multiple vacutainer tube technique
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

40. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
What is the specific use for BTT?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors

41. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?

42. Increase
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

43. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Define thromboembolic disorder
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

44. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

45. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What is plasma?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

46. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What color is a 25ga needle?

47. Yes
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?

48. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
What is the tx for RBC tumor
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

49. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
Avian basophils do not have a...
What do monocytes do?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

50. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
List the order of Platelet production
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?