Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

2. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
What is another name for a blister cell?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

3. Antigen or foreign protein
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is the method for ACT?

4. VWB
What is the method for ACT?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?

5. Not mixing the sample
What is fibrinolysis?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What does the FDP test detect?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?

6. Hemorrhage
What is dysproteinemia?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is an example of loss of RBC
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

7. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

8. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
Define thromboembolic disorder
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

9. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

10. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
During secretion What does PF3 do?

11. Myelodysplasia
What is a WBC tumor?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?

12. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What does the FDP test detect?
What do you look for to identify a basophil

13. Liver and lymphoid tissue
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
Where are immunoglobins made?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

14. No - but it is not ideal
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

15. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT

16. Pink
What color is a 20ga needle?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

17. Myelocyte; yes
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What are the 2 main proteins?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia

18. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
What are some examples of immunologic?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
The WBC morphology includes...
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia

19. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

20. Anemia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

21. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

22. Dog
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

23. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

24. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is dysproteinemia?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

25. clump together
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

26. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
Where does protein originate from?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

27. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
vacuoles
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

28. Ghost cell
What color is a 22ga needle?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation

29. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

30. Dog
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What are the 3 components of blood?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

31. Thrombocytopenia
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

32. Obs = # retics/1000 x 100 COR = (Pt PCV/ Average PCV) x observed % Abs = # retics/1000 x RBC ct
What does the test thrombin time detect?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
Fibrinolysis is...
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?

33. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
Define thromboembolic disorder
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

34. CBC
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What is the specific use for LTT?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

35. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

36. Prothrombinase
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

37. don't cause clots
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...

38. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

39. Morbillivirus sp
What are the blood types of a cat?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
Where are immunoglobins made?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

40. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
What is plasma?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

41. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

42. Agglutination or hemolysis
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What is the method for ACT?
What is the function of albumin?

43. In bone marrow; metamyelocytes and bands
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

44. Increase in RBCs
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Define polycythemia

45. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is serum?

46. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

47. Iatrogenic
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

48. VWB
What is the method for ACT?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What is an example of loss of RBC
What are 3 effects of EPO?

49. Increase at the same time
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

50. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What are the 2 main proteins?