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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. defective maturation series
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

2. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

3. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
Adhesion requires what factor?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What are the types of BM sample?

4. VWB
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

5. Russel bodies in cytoplasm - constipated plasma cell - honeycomb appearing; only seen in birds and reptiles
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

6. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

7. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

8. no body
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?

9. Stomatocyte
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

10. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What is TP measured in?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

11. doesn't last that long
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

12. Blue granules
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What does ACT evaluate?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What do you look for to identify a basophil

13. They increase
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

14. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What is serum?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

15. Macrophages
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

16. Bleed them out
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is the tx for RBC tumor
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?

17. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

18. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What are some causes of BM failure
What color is a 20ga needle?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

19. Leukocytosis with increased bands; leukopenia or degenerative left shift
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What is a WBC tumor?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

20. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

21. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

22. Not mixing the sample
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What is the biggest error in hematology?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

23. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

24. II - VII - IX - X
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the method for ACT?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What are some examples of immunologic?

25. Thrombocytosis
Define absolute
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?

26. Plastic bag - glass bottle - syringe
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What are some causes of BM failure
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?

27. But temporary
Name the 3 granulocytes
What does a RTT contain?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

28. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

29. EDTA because you wont have stainging variation
What does ACT evaluate?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

30. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?

31. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is dysproteinemia?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

32. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What are some examples of immunologic?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

33. Increase
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

34. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is this the test of choice for?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

35. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

36. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

37. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?

38. VWB
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

39. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?

40. Jugular- 18ga
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size

41. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
What is the tx for RBC tumor

42. True deviation in the amount
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
Define absolute

43. In the fridge - in the freezer
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

44. Between endothelial cells; they sit until demand from tissue
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

45. 3-6%
What is fibrinolysis?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

46. Blue
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What are the 2 main proteins?

47. Pink
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

48. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
granule
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

49. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Where does protein originate from?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

50. Round to oval; ameboid
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?