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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Trypanosoma sp
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Microsytosis is often seen in...
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

2. Blood glucose
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?

3. Green
What color is a 18ga needle?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What are the blood types of a cat?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

4. Perform 2 or more of the test
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Name the 3 granulocytes
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

5. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

6. 100
What is contained in the buffy coat?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
At birth is TP high or low

7. Protrusion will be very dark in color
What is dysproteinemia?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

8. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

9. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What does ACT evaluate?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

10. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is plasma?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)

11. Eccentrocyte
Where are immunoglobins made?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What is another name for a blister cell?

12. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

13. Basophilic stippling
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

14. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

15. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What are the 3 components of blood?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

16. Contact activation
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What is the specific use for LTT?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

17. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What color is a 22ga needle?

18. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
What are the 2 main proteins?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
The RBC morphology includes...

19. 3 times
What do you look for to identify a basophil
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each

20. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each

21. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

22. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
At birth is TP high or low
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?

23. 7-10 days
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?

24. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

25. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

26. B/c eos produce anti histamine to counteract the histamine i the mast cell granules
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

27. Acetaminophin - maple leaves - onions - and zinc
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What is the function of protein?

28. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

29. Round to oval nucleus with smudged chromatin; high N:C
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What is the method for ACT?

30. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What does VWF test evaluate?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...

31. 2 years at room temperature
Define artifact
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

32. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
What are the types of BM sample?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

33. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?

34. Breakdown of a clot
What is fibrinolysis?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

35. Hemolysis and clot
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

36. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
What is an example of decreased production?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?

37. Dog
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
List the order of Platelet production

38. Iatrogenic
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Avian basophils do not have a...
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

39. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

40. Heterophil
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

41. Band
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is plasma?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion

42. In bone marrow; myeloblasts - promyelocytes - myelocytes
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
Fibrinolysis is...

43. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT

44. Schistocytes
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What color is a 22ga needle?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

45. Blood gases
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What color is a 25ga needle?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?

46. Increase in RBCs
What organ produces EPO?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
Define polycythemia
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

47. Tissue factor - prothrombinase
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What is the function of protein?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

48. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What is the definition of PCV?
MCH
What color is a 20ga needle?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

49. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

50. Keratocyte
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What is fibrinolysis?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.