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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
Fibrinolysis is...
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

2. Macrocytosis
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

3. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

4. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What is an example of increased destruction?
MCV

5. Horse
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge

6. Protrusion will be very dark in color
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB

7. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?

8. Acetaminophin - maple leaves - onions - and zinc
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

9. Thrombin - fibrin
Fibrinogen > __________
What is TP measured in?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...

10. No - but it is not ideal
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
What is the stimulus for platelets

11. FDP's (Fibrin Degredation Products)
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

12. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
At birth is TP high or low
What are some examples of immunologic?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

13. lymphosarcoma
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?

14. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?

15. Monolayer on 40x
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the function of albumin?

16. Howell-Jolly Bodies
What is the specific use for BTT?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

17. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
Define artifact

18. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

19. Pink
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What color is a 20ga needle?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

20. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
What is fibrinolysis?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

21. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What color is a 25ga needle?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

22. Leukocytosis
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

23. Heparin and 3.8% Na Citrate
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What does plt count evaluate?

24. Blood gases
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

25. Stomatocyte
What color is a 18ga needle?
MCV
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)

26. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

27. Lymphocyte; they clone themselves before they die
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

28. Albumin and immunglobins
All cells can get...
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are the 2 main proteins?

29. Macrocytic
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
MCH

30. Plt estimate - plt count - BMBT - ACT
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

31. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What happens during aggregation
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...

32. Acanthocytes
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

33. 1.1 - 1.2 - and 7
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

34. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?

35. Factor VIII and von Willibrand (vWB) factor by endothelial cells
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

36. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Avian basophils do not have a...
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?

37. blood
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

38. Lrg clusters of plasma cells in BM aspirate -lytic bone lesion -monoclonal gammopathy -bence jones proteinuria
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What is the method for ACT?

39. Small quantities - more fragile cells -RBC are nucleated -Thrombocytes instead of platelets -Polychromasia is common -Heterophils replace neutrophils -Basophils are non segmented
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

40. Ghost cell
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What do you look for to identify a basophil

41. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What are some causes of BM failure
What is a mott cell? What animals are they seen in?

42. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the method for ACT?

43. 5-7
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
The RBC morphology includes...
What color is a 20ga needle?

44. Empty package of negate stain
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
vacuoles
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

45. Cat
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are some examples of immunologic?

46. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

47. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
The WBC morphology includes...
What is a serum separator tube?

48. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts donor plasma
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

49. Marrow failure and tumor staging
What does BMBT evaluate
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
What are the indications for BM sampling
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

50. CBC in birds and reptiles
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?