Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Hemoproteus spp
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
Avian basophils do not have a...
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

2. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

3. Heinz body
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.

4. Cardiomyopathy in cats and HWD in dogs
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What color is a 16ga needle?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

5. Green
What color is a 18ga needle?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

6. Maintains osmotic pressure
What is the function of albumin?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
MCV
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?

7. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Fibrinogen > __________
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

8. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

9. 3-6%
What does hemosiderin look like?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

10. Distilled water on refractometer or an uncalbrated refractometer
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?

11. Iatrogenic
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

12. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

13. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example

14. Protrusion will be very dark in color
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
Define relative
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

15. Myelocyte; yes
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

16. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

17. For smaller animals with small volumes collected
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?

18. Decreased concentration: over hydration
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?

19. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
What color is a 22ga needle?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the stimulus for platelets

20. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
What is plasma?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

21. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

22. Dog
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?

23. Thick blood b/c of excess proteins
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?

24. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

25. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
vacuoles
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

26. Target cell
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

27. Myelodysplasia
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is a WBC tumor?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

28. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

29. doesn't last that long
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

30. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
Where are immunoglobins made?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

31. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
Fibrinolysis is...
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

32. Echinocytes
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What is the method for BMBT?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

33. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

34. Salivation - v/d - dyspnea - death
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What is the function of albumin?

35. 3 times
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________

36. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
Define relative
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

37. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

38. DIC - Warfarin toxication; within 6 hours; platelets and clotting factors
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What is plasma?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

39. Size - shape - and number
Platelet morphology includes...
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.

40. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

41. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
vacuoles

42. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
What is the function of protein?
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

43. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is the definition of PCV?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

44. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What do monocytes do?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

45. Hemorrhage
What is an example of loss of RBC
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

46. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

47. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

48. Primary Hemostasis- plt plug - Secondary Hemostasis- fibrin clot - Fibrinolysis- breakdown of clot
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell

49. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
What is fibrinolysis?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?

50. Degree of the difference
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
The WBC morphology includes...