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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?

2. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

3. Lymphosarcoma
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What species never releases immature RBCs early?

4. VWB
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...

5. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What is TP measured in?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

6. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

7. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

8. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

9. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

10. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What is the function of protein?
MCH
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

11. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
What is the function of albumin?

12. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What are the 3 functions of platelets
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

13. Acetaminophin - maple leaves - onions - and zinc
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

14. 37-55% - 30-45%
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?

15. Extrinsic - Intrinsic - common
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

16. Hyperchromic
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

17. Calculated a corrected WBC ct.
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis

18. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

19. If buffer gets into the stain jar the slide will not stain correctly

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20. Protrusion will be very dark in color
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
chromatin

21. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

22. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?

23. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

24. Blood loss and dehydration
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

25. Blood glucose
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?

26. Size - shape - and number
Platelet morphology includes...
What does hemosiderin look like?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

27. 1.1 - 1.2 - and 7
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

28. Vit K
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

29. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

30. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

31. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What are the types of BM sample?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?

32. The preceding factor
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are the 2 main proteins?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

33. Promoters - inhibitors
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the method for ACT?

34. 50:50%; 0-5%; rare
What does hemosiderin look like?
Platelet morphology includes...
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?

35. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What is the specific use for BTT?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?

36. Increase loss: hemorrhage - decrease production: liver failure - decrease consumption: starvation
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.

37. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

38. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

39. Megakaryocyte
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...

40. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

41. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the tx for RBC tumor

42. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds
Define artifact

43. Hemorrhage- good for oxygen increasing and volume expansion
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

44. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
What are dohle bodies?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?

45. Increased concentration: dehydration
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
vacuoles

46. To observe for transfusion reactions
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

47. Hemorrhage
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What is an example of loss of RBC
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

48. Leukocytosis
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?

49. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
Where does protein originate from?

50. Albumin and immunglobins
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are the 2 main proteins?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?