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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What is serum?

2. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What is this the test of choice for?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

3. Calculated a corrected WBC ct.
What is an example of loss of RBC
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.

4. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What is serum?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

5. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

6. Hemosiderin - erythrophagocytosis; IMHA
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?

7. Breakdown of a clot
What is fibrinolysis?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
MCHC

8. High calorie - high glucose treat (Ad or regular diet with Karo syrup poured on top)
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

9. Poikilocytosis
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
MCHC
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

10. Tissue factor - prothrombinase
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
What color is a 22ga needle?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

11. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
Where does protein originate from?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

12. Target cell
What is the function of albumin?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils

13. Lymphosarcoma
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What are the types of BM sample?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

14. 15-45%; 55-85%; 0-5%; rare
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
vacuoles

15. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
Fibrinolysis is...
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

16. No - but it is not ideal
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

17. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What is contained in the buffy coat?

18. Anatomical distribution - histologic pattern - and cytologic pattern
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

19. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What are the 2 main proteins?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?

20. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What does ACT evaluate?
What is an example of decreased production?

21. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

22. doesn't last that long
The RBC morphology includes...
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....

23. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is the function of albumin?

24. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)

25. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What are the blood types of a cat?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?

26. WBC- defense - RBC- O2 transport - Plts- platelet plug
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

27. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

28. Increased concentration of amount of RBC ex: dehydration or splenic contraction
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?

29. Hemoproteus spp
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

30. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...

31. Fixative- 3 1 sec dips - Eosinophilic- 5 1 sec dips - Basophilic- 10-20 dips
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

32. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What is the function of immunglobins?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics

33. Around the heart and spinal cord seen in dairy cattle
Adhesion requires what factor?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?

34. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

35. Room temperature
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?

36. Hypoxia
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?

37. II - VII - IX - X
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________

38. Vascular part - platelet plug
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
What does a mature avian RBC look like

39. Protrusion will be very dark in color
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

40. Blood loss and dehydration
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

41. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
What do monocytes do?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

42. Cells that are dead; have clumps of what used to be nucleus
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
Define artifact

43. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
What color is a 22ga needle?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
Platelet morphology includes...
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

44. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

45. Empty package of negate stain
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
vacuoles

46. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What organ produces EPO?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

47. w/o anemia
What is an example of loss of RBC
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

48. Jugular- 20ga - cephalic- 22ga - recurrent tarsal/lateral saphenous- 25ga direct draw from patient
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is this the test of choice for?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

49. Lymphocyte; resting memory cell; in lymph nodes
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What is an example of increased destruction?

50. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What does the FDP test detect?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
Name the 3 granulocytes