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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Neovascularization
MCH
What is an example of increased destruction?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

2. Mononuclear Phagocytic System -Intravascular Hemolysis
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What is the method for BMBT?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

3. Red ring - blue ring - and black ring tubes
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

4. (PCV x 10)/RBC
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
MCV
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects

5. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
MCHC

6. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?

7. Oxyglobin
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first

8. Prostaglandins in cell wall - bacterial products - infectious and non-infectious inflammatory processes
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

9. A - B - AB - most cats are type A
Fibrinogen > __________
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What are the blood types of a cat?

10. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What do monocytes do?
What is dysproteinemia?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

11. Eccentrocyte
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is another name for a blister cell?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

12. Stage 1: one organ stage 2: stage 1 + regional lymph nodes stage 3: stage 2 + all lymph nodes stage 4: stage 3 + liver and spleen stage 5: stage 4 + BM and blood
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

13. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What is TP measured in?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is the definition of PCV?

14. Yes
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

15. 1 year; bleeding disorders (hemophila) - gives passive immunity (Parvo)
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the function of albumin?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

16. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?

17. Thrombin - platelets
All cells can get...
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

18. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

19. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
Define relative

20. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What color is a 16ga needle?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
Thrombocytes tend to...

21. present in the blood
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What color is a 20ga needle?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?

22. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

23. IV catheter; IO or IP
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens

24. To observe for transfusion reactions
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?

25. Primary hemostasis and plt number
What does plt count evaluate?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
What is a serum separator tube?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

26. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
Where are immunoglobins made?

27. Normocytic
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

28. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
Platelet morphology includes...
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
What color is a 22ga needle?

29. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

30. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What happens during aggregation
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

31. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What is an example of increased destruction?
What color is a 22ga needle?
How long is platelet rich plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient? Do you refrigerate it? Why?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

32. EDTA blood causes mycoplasma to fall off of RBCs making it harder to see.
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each

33. (Hb x 10)/RBC
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
MCH
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?

34. Megakaryocyte
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
Where are immunoglobins made?

35. Promoters - inhibitors
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What are the types of BM sample?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______

36. Thrombocytopenia
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?

37. fresh
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What is TP measured in?

38. Stomatocyte
What is the stimulus for platelets
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...

39. Schistocytes
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?

40. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

41. Maintains osmotic pressure
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What is the function of albumin?

42. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?

43. Albumin and immunglobins
What are the 2 main proteins?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

44. Kidney
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What organ produces EPO?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?

45. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

46. Increase production: inflammation - IMDz
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What is TP measured in?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?

47. Blood gases
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
vacuoles
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

48. Appears adequate = between 8-30 per field appears decreased = fewer than 8 per field
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
granule
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______

49. Heparin - histamine - and eosinophilic chemotactic factor
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........

50. G/ld - rounded to the nearest 0.2
What is TP measured in?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________