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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

2. 2 years at room temperature
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are the blood types of a cat?

3. (Hb x 100)/ PCV
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What does the FDP test detect?
MCHC

4. 7-10 days
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?

5. Hyperproteinemia - salt retention in CHF or iartrogenic
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

6. RBC morphology - WBC morphology - and platelets
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?

7. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

8. Green
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________

9. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?
What does ACT evaluate?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

10. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Name the 3 granulocytes
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

11. Citrate intoxication- cardiac standstill - tremors - arrhythmias
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

12. oval
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is the definition of PCV?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus

13. Hypoxia
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

14. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
What does VWF test evaluate?
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
What is the function of protein?
During gestation is TP high or low?

15. Seg
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?

16. Size - shape - color - and +/- inclusions
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
The RBC morphology includes...
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?

17. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.

18. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
Where are immunoglobins made?

19. .98mls to .02mls
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?

20. Stimulated by sympathetic nerves - causes constriction of smooth muscle.
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What does BMBT evaluate
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals

21. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What are the 2 main proteins?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?

22. 3-6%
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

23. Monocyte with a RBC inside it due to the monocyte engulfing it
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?

24. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

25. WBC identification rule of thumb
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

26. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

27. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

28. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?

29. Pink
What is the function of protein?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What does ACT evaluate?
What color is a 20ga needle?

30. NRBC
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?

31. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What is the method for ACT?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

32. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
At birth is TP high or low
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

33. 3 times
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
What do monocytes do?

34. Macrophages
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin

35. Immature - cleft or bleb; reactive - granular cytoplasm - plasma cell - mott cell
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

36. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?

37. Blood gases
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What organ produces EPO?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What is the specific use for GreenTT?

38. Thrombin - platelets
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

39. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia

40. Decreased concentration: over hydration
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
What is the function of protein?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What does ACT evaluate?

41. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?

42. Howell-Jolly Bodies
Define polycythemia
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

43. Dog-88ml/kg - cat- 66ml/kg
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

44. No - but it is not ideal
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

45. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus

46. Polychormatophilics
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

47. w/o anemia
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

48. VWB
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
MCHC

49. VIII and vWB
What are dohle bodies?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

50. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
granule
What do monocytes do?