Test your basic knowledge |

Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What color is a 16ga needle?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

2. 5 minutes at 6000 rpm
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?

3. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

4. Macrocytosis
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?

5. But temporary
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

6. Acute- DIC - ruptured spleen - chronic- GI ulcers
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
Define artifact
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

7. Plastic bag - glass bottle - syringe
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What are the 3 components of blood?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

8. Calculated a corrected WBC ct.
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
Define absolute
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?

9. fresh
What is serum?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

10. Spherocyte
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?

11. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
List the order of Platelet production
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

12. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

13. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What color is a 18ga needle?
What is the function of albumin?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

14. Membrane bound package of chemicals
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
granule
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

15. Vacuoles in cytoplasm with foaminess- can see pits on 100x
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What is cytoplasmic vacuolization?

16. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What is plasma?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?

17. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

18. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
What does ACT evaluate?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

19. Grey
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
What color is a 16ga needle?
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

20. Neovascularization
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What are the 2 main proteins?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

21. 39-55 -30-36
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

22. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
Microsytosis is often seen in...
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
list 3 venipuncture sites in a bird and the needle size for each

23. Morbillivirus sp
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?

24. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
A vascular spasm is immediate...
The WBC morphology includes...
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

25. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What are 3 effects of EPO?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

26. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What color is a 16ga needle?
Platelet morphology includes...
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
Where does protein originate from?

27. Kidney
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
What organ produces EPO?

28. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?

29. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are the 3 components of hemostasis

30. Vascular part - platelet plug
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What do the granules of a mast cell contain

31. Adequate size and WBC distribution
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What color is a 25ga needle?

32. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is an example of increased destruction?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?

33. Ghost cell
Define artifact
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

34. Stomatocyte
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?

35. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?

36. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

37. To avoid introduction of tissue thromboplastin in your sample and clotting
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What color is a 22ga needle?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

38. Green
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What color is a 18ga needle?

39. PPSC - Rubriblast - Prorubricyte - Rubricyte - Metarubricyte - Polychromatophilic - Mature RBC
During gestation is TP high or low?
What does ACT evaluate?
Fibrinogen > __________
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC

40. Blue
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
What color is a 22ga needle?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

41. Something is mimicking what we are measuring
Name the 3 granulocytes
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
Define artifact
List the order of Platelet production

42. VIII and vWB
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
What is plasma?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

43. VIII and vWB
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What does ACT evaluate?

44. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What does the FDP test detect?
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

45. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

46. Round to oval; ameboid
What is the method for BMBT?
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
All cells can get...

47. Coverslips
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What are 3 causes of hypervolemia
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

48. Black ring has a smaller diameter
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...

49. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?

50. The fluid portion of anticoagulated blood
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is plasma?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?