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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. doesn't last that long
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What is dysproteinemia?
What is an example of decreased production?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology

2. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
vacuoles

3. Yes
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
What color is a 25ga needle?
Define artifact
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

4. Normocytic
What does BMBT evaluate
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is this the test of choice for?
Fritz the cat - has an MCV of 45 - What term will I use for evaluation?

5. Nutrients - minerals - hormones - and proteins all maintain homeostasis. electrolytes do action potentials. and enzymes function is catalyst.
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?

6. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood

7. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
What is the method for ACT?

8. Coverslips
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

9. EDTA Which binds with calcium preventing coagulation
At birth is TP high or low
vacuoles
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?

10. Azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What is the specific use for BTT?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

11. Prothrombinase
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?

12. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
What are 2 examples of acquired fibrinolysis defects
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What do monocytes do?

13. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
What is TP measured in?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

14. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What is the specific use for BTT?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?

15. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?

16. Petechia - ecchymosis - bleeding from mm - bleeding out after venipuncture
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors

17. > 10lb - PCV > 30-35% - current on vx - only indoor cat
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

18. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What are the 3 functions of platelets

19. Lymphocyte - monocyte
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
During secretion What does PF3 do?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
At birth is TP high or low

20. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?

21. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What is fibrinolysis?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

22. Blood gases
MCV
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What do monocytes do?

23. Diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia - dohle bodies - cytoplasmic vacuolization - toxic azurophilic granules
Where is the maturation pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What is a WBC tumor?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What are the 4 presentations of toxic neutrophils

24. Increase in RBCs
Define polycythemia
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
What is the function of immunglobins?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

25. Saline wash
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
MCHC
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...

26. Hereditary
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

27. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?
Define absolute
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?

28. Adhesion - Aggregation - Secretion
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?

29. don't cause clots
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Define polycythemia

30. Neovascularization
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

31. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

32. Primary absolute polycythemia and secondary absolute polycythemia
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are the 2 types of absolute polycythemia?
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.

33. Primary and secondary hemostasis specifically VWF and factor VIII
The WBC morphology includes...
What does VWF test evaluate?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

34. Room temperature
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

35. PCV - TP - Plasma evaluation in conjunction with LTT
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?

36. Drugs - DIC - Uremia
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

37. Free or Unbound TPO
What is the stimulus for platelets
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?

38. Heterophil
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What does VWF test evaluate?

39. In the fridge - in the freezer
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What color is a 16ga needle?

40. The fluid portion of coagulated blood
What is serum?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
What do the granules of a mast cell contain
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

41. Fill a DET tube - gently mix - set timer - keep in warm spot - check tube every 10 sec until clot forms stop timer
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?
What is the method for ACT?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?

42. CBC in birds and reptiles
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

43. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What are the types of BM sample?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?

44. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?

45. Howell-Jolly Bodies
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

46. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?

47. Hypoxia
What do you look for to identify a basophil
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
Avian basophils do not have a...

48. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?

49. Increase at the same time
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
The RBC morphology includes...
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

50. 7-10 days
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...