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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Biliary stasis - carotenes - ev hemolysis
Avian basophils do not have a...
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be icteric?
What is the stimulus for platelets

2. VIII and vWB
What do monocytes do?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

3. Kidney
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What organ produces EPO?
What does the FDP test detect?

4. don't cause clots
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

5. Howell-Jolly Bodies
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs

6. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

7. Coverslips
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What are the 3 components of hemostasis
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________

8. Blood chemistries
What color is a 18ga needle?
What color is a 25ga needle?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

9. Genetic material in the nucleus
chromatin
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

10. Protrusion will be very dark in color
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?

11. Dog
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?

12. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
What does a RTT contain?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

13. 5.0-7.0 g/dl - 5.0-8.0 g/dl
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

14. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
These cells have irregular spicules that are uneven in size and distribution. Seen in dogs with liver disease.
What is dysproteinemia?
What is the definition of PCV?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________

15. CBC in birds and reptiles
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

16. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?

17. Affects the GI tract
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
During gestation is TP high or low?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?

18. Polychormatophilics
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______

19. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?

20. Not cleaning refractometer - drying of sample - inclusion of buffy coat
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

21. Aggregate
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally

22. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What does the test thrombin time detect?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...

23. Blue-grey inclusion in the cytoplasm that is irregular in shape
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
The WBC morphology includes...
What do monocytes do?
What are dohle bodies?

24. Oxylate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation.
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?

25. Vascular part - platelet plug
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is the normal range of a RBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What are the 2 parts of primary hemostasis
List the order of Platelet production

26. Decreased concentration: over hydration
During gestation is TP high or low?
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

27. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
What are some examples of immunologic?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What do monocytes do?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?

28. RTT with gel like substance used to separate cells form serum
What is a serum separator tube?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

29. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What do monocytes do?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

30. VIII and vWB
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?

31. Leukocytozoon spp
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What is the specific use for BTT?

32. Leptocyte
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?

33. Citrate intoxication- cardiac standstill - tremors - arrhythmias
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

34. Circulating pool; mature granulocytes; 6-8 hours
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is the function of albumin?
What color is a 16ga needle?

35. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

36. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
MCH
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What is fibrinolysis?

37. Rouleaux or agglutination
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What is another name for a blister cell?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

38. Mycoplasma haemofelis (hemobartonella felis)
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What are dohle bodies?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.

39. Cat
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
This RBC inclusion looks like a clear nipple like protrusion on the outer edge.
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?

40. Must be >50lbs -PCV >40% - current on vx - mellow temperment
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
Define polycythemia
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

41. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What color is a 16ga needle?

42. .98mls to .02mls
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is the ratio of PSS to Packed RBCs in the RBC suspension?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

43. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....

44. Band
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

45. Increase at the same time
What color is a 22ga needle?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

46. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?

47. Less reactions - more cost effective - better use of donors
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

48. PSS; RBC wash; removes non-erythrocytic antigens from blood
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?

49. Cow
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?

50. Nuclear and cytoplasmic
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
A vascular spasm is immediate...
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors

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Veterinary Hematology Technology

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