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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. BM aspirate or BM core biopsy
What are MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the dog?
MCH
What are the types of BM sample?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

2. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

3. VIII and vWB
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

4. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What is another name for a blister cell?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

5. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?

6. VWB
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
what WBC do mast cells resemble
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

7. Oxyglobin
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first

8. Plastic bag - glass bottle - syringe
Fibrinolysis is...
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
granule
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

9. Dif Quick - DipStat - Wright's stain
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.
What are two stains used in staining blood films?

10. 450 mls; 56 mls
A vascular spasm is immediate...
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?

11. 50:50%; 0-5%; rare
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Define artifact
Fatal tick transmitted disease to the domestic cat. Bobcat is host.

12. Jugular vein- 22ga - cephalic vein- 25ga - femoral vein- 25ga
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
List 3 venipuncture sites in the cat and the needle size for each
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?

13. Macrophages
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What are the 2 main proteins?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

14. Actually fibrinogen increases before WBCs increase
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?

15. Leukocytozoon spp
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?
During secretion What does PF3 do?

16. 2 years at room temperature
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___

17. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

18. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
List two ways the body gets rid of old RBCs
What are some examples of immunologic?

19. Liver function - immune status - hydrations - kidney function - and GI function
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What are some causes of BM failure

20. Leptocyte
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What organ produces EPO?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?

21. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
Name the 3 granulocytes
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

22. Jugular- 18ga - tail vein- 20 or 18ga
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

23. Torocytes
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
All cells can get...
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

24. Howell-Jolly Bodies
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
Regarding the Absolute Retic Count.....< 60 -000 = ___________ > 60 -000 = ___________
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.

25. II - VII - IX - X
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What is an example of loss of RBC

26. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
The RBC morphology includes...

27. IMHA - clostridium hemolyticum
What is an example of increased destruction?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?

28. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...

29. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What are dohle bodies?

30. Affects the GI tract
A vascular spasm is immediate...
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in horses?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?

31. Red (hemolytic) - yellow (icteric) - and white (lipemic)
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

32. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What does a RTT contain?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

33. Jar 1- fixative- 5 one second dips jar 2 -eosinophilc - 5 one second dips jar 3 - basophilic - 7-10 one second dips
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs

34. Hemoproteus spp
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

35. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What are the three pathways (limbs) of secondary hemostasis?

36. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
What is the function of protein?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

37. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

38. 200 -000-500 -000/microliter; 200 -000-500 -000/microliter
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.

39. Not mixing the sample
What organ produces EPO?
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is the biggest error in hematology?

40. Iatrogenic
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are the blood types of a cat?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?

41. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?

42. hereditary or acquired
What does the FDP test detect?
What does ACT evaluate?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

43. No only one; report out toxic neutrophil for all presentations
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?

44. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?

45. Ad: speedy collection - no exchange of glass into blood; dis: cell trauma d/t vacuum - breakable - glass activates coagulation factors - component separation more difficult
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?

46. Use simplate device to make an incision into upper lip - start timer - using filter paper dab site (dont wipe) every 10 seconds until bleeding stops. Normal range: 1-3min in dogs and cats
What is the method for BMBT?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What color is a 22ga needle?

47. Leukocytopenia or leukopenia
List the venipuncture site in the horse and the needle size
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

48. Anisocytosis
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

49. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
granule
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?

50. Canaries - lovebirds - and chickens
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
Clinical signs of primary hemostasis defects are.....
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

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