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Test your basic knowledge |
Veterinary Hematology Technology
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Subjects
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health-sciences
,
veterinary
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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study here
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. PPSC differentiates into a rubriblast -Increase in hemoglobin synthesis -Early release of immature RBCs if needed
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
2. Water - its function is thermoregulation - lubrication - transporter and chemical reactions
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
3. Soluble coagulation factors - cofactors
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
Fibrinogen > __________
4. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
Define polycythemia
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
5. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What are the 2 main proteins?
6. True deviation in the amount
Why is it important that you use the appropriate thumb forceps when using wright's stain?
Define absolute
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What is an example of decreased production?
7. Dark purple-magenta granular inclusions in the cytoplasm; endotoxins - toxicemia
What are toxic azurophilic granules? What can cause these?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
8. Anisocytosis
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What do monocytes do?
9. Ghost cell
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
10. Neovascularization
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder in animals
Name the 3 granulocytes
What does plt count evaluate?
11. They increase
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
MCHC
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
12. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What is an example of loss of RBC
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
Defects of hemostasis can be..
13. Hypochromic
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What does VWF test evaluate?
Does a clot error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
14. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What is TP measured in?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What do you look for to identify a lymphocyte?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
15. Primary hemostasis
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
The lymphocyte is the most dominant WBC in...
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What does BMBT evaluate
16. Increase loss of RBCs - Increase destruction - and decrease production
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?
MCV
17. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What is the method for ACT?
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
18. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What does the FDP test detect?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What is the definition of PCV?
19. Liver function - immune status - hydrations - kidney function - and GI function
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What do you look for to identify a basophil
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is an example of loss of RBC
20. IV catheter; IO or IP
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
21. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
During gestation is TP high or low?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
22. Increase
What is this the test of choice for?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
23. Hypoxia
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
24. Antigen or foreign protein
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
25. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
What is a WBC tumor?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
Avian basophils do not have a...
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
26. Aggregate
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?
27. lymphosarcoma
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
vacuoles
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
28. Macrocytosis
____________ is often seen in ruminants with cobalt deficiencies and poodles with defective erythrogenesis
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
granule
29. Fibrin clot
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?
MCH
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
30. Slow- 0.11 ml/#/minute for the first 15 minutes
What is the normal range of a PLT ct for a dog? a cat?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
31. Oxyglobin
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
List the stages of RBC production starting with the PPSC
What does VWF test evaluate?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?
32. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
33. Horse
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
What is the method for ACT?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
34. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
35. Primary hemostasis and specifically plt number
In avian hematology blood films are commonly made with ________
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
What is TP measured in?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?
36. Eccentrocyte
What is another name for a blister cell?
What anticoagulant is in a LTT or PTT?
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
When would you use fresh whole blood transfusion on your patient? How many hours from time of collection for it to be considered fresh? What does it contain that makes it better?
37. Marrow failure and tumor staging
What are the indications for BM sampling
What does a RTT contain?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
38. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
39. Schistocytes
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
An example of acquired primary hemostasis defects (platelet plug part) is...
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
40. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
41. Iatrogenic
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the 3 components of blood?
What is the #1 cause of hypervolemia
42. Hemorrhage
What is the function of immunglobins?
What is an example of loss of RBC
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?
What is fibrinolysis?
43. Fill a DET tube - gently mix - set timer - keep in warm spot - check tube every 10 sec until clot forms stop timer
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is the method for ACT?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
44. CBC in birds and reptiles
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
45. Poikilocytosis
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?
List the order of Platelet production
What are some examples of acellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
46. Partial thromboplastin time - prothrombin time - VWF test - thrombin time - FDPs
What do monocytes do?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What some send out tests that could be run for bleeding disorders?
What pool is located in the peripheral blood? What is it comprised of? How long do they circulate?
47. Macrocytic
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What is the method for ACT?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
48. Stomatocyte
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
What solution do you add to RBCs to resuspend them when doing a crossmatch? What is the fluid portion called after you spin it again? Why is this step important?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
49. Macro - mega - shift - or giant
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
At birth is TP high or low
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
50. Blood glucose
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What does the plt estimate evaluate?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
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