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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
Define absolute
What do lymphocytes do after vaccination or in young neonates?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
How many mls is one unit of blood for a dog?a cat?

2. Vit K
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
What is the only cell that has the ability to recirculate? How do they do this?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

3. 2 gtts donor RBC suspension and 2 gtts recipient plasma
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What does BMBT evaluate
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

4. Size - shape - color - and +/- inclusions
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
The RBC morphology includes...
what WBC do mast cells resemble
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?

5. They are only circulating in the blood for 2 hours (they leave bone marrow when mature - circulate for 2 hours - go to tissue and turn into macrophages)
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

6. Beter distribution/transport of oxygen - do not have to cross match
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
Which anticoagulant is best to use when using blood to make a smear?
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

7. Genetic material in the nucleus
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What are the blood types of a cat?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
chromatin

8. Liver and lymphoid tissue
What is this the test of choice for?
Where are immunoglobins made?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What color is a 20ga needle?

9. Jugular- 20ga
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What are some causes of BM failure
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

10. 35 days if kept at 1-6 degrees celsius in CPDA; oxygen carrying capacity - anemic normovolemic - anemic hypovolemic in conjunction with crystalloids
How long is packed RBCs good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Where does protein originate from?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?

11. II - VII - IX - X
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
What does erythrophagocytosis look like?

12. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
What are some test to do to determine what % an animal is dehdrated?

13. Thrombocytopenia
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?
What is pyknosis? What do they look like?
What are the indications for BM sampling

14. Echinocytes
What is the stimulus for platelets
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
These are cells that are spiculated with even small projections over the entire cell.

15. Promoters - inhibitors
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

16. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
Define thromboembolic disorder
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the mech of absolute hyperproteinemia and an example
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal platelet count?

17. Thrombopathias and vascular
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
What is this the test of choice for?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal WBC count?

18. Poikilocytosis
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
All cells can get...

19. Anemia
What does a RTT contain?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
When looking at the monolayer on 10x What are you looking for?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?

20. Blood chemistries
What test would be run using blood from a RTT?
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
This cell looks like a punched out cell.

21. Morbillivirus sp
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
This is seen with canine distemper virus and can be present on WBC - RBC - epithelial cells - would be in Plts but wont be able to see.
What is the function of albumin?

22. No - but it is not ideal
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What happens during aggregation
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin

23. Not making blood film ASAP - glucocorticoids - inherited
What is the best technique used to deliver donated blood into recipient? What if they were puppies/kittens
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.

24. Room temperature
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
Secondary hemostasis requires ___ _____ ____ and _______ in a cascade of conversion of inactive factors
What are 3 effects of EPO?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?

25. Heparin and 3.8% Na Citrate
What two anticoagulants have no preservatives and have a shelf life of 24 hours?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

26. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

27. Liver is #1 lymphoid tissue is #2
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
Where does protein originate from?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?

28. PLTs - WBCs - NRBCs - and microfilaria
List the order of Platelet production
What type of count can we do to determine bone marrows response to anemia
What is contained in the buffy coat?
All cells can get...

29. Antigen or foreign protein
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is a WBC tumor?
What is fibrinolysis?

30. Saline wash
What are some examples of immunologic?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

31. Dark - dense segmented nucleus
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What is serum?

32. fresh
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
Avian basophils do not have a...
An avian blood film has a feathered edge - monolayer - and...
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

33. Band neutrophil
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?
What is the defining cell of inflammation?
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?

34. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
What are the 3 mech. that cause absolute hypoproteinemia and give an example of each.
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?

35. The preceding factor
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
During secondary hemostasis each coagulation factor is converted to its active form by what?

36. 10mls/# every 3 weeks; 5mls/# every 3-4 weeks
How much and how often can a dog donate blood? a cat?
What is hyperviscosity syndrome?
List 2 venipuncture sites in the cow and the needle size for each
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?

37. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?

38. Left shift - regenerative left shift - or inflammatory leukogram
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

39. Test for fibrinolysis specifically the amount of FDP
What does the FDP test detect?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each

40. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
If an animal is anemic __________ will be seen in the peripheral blood
What is fibrinolysis?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

41. The fluid portion of anticoagulated blood
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is plasma?

42. Contact activation
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be hemolytic?

43. Vasculitis - collagen deficiency - extensive vascular injury
What are 3 examples of acquired primary hemostasis defects (vascular part)
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
What is the function of protein?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

44. To observe for transfusion reactions
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What does a mature avian RBC look like

45. Mean Corpuscular Volume - gives us the size of RBCs
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?
How many blood cells are counted when doing a WBC differential?

46. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
What are some symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity?
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
granule
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?

47. Compensatory mechanisms
What is this the test of choice for?
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.

48. Causes an increase in RBCs. NO EPO involved.
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

49. Vacuoles
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
All cells can get...
What color is a 16ga needle?
What is the most important trait of blood donation?

50. Blood glucose
What is in each jar in the Dif Quick stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
What is contained in the buffy coat?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?