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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. 2 years at room temperature
What is the shelf life of Oxyglobin?
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

2. 55-85%; 15-45%; 0-5%; rare
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Define absolute
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?

3. Recycle old RBCs - engulf bacteria - clean up any major messes
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What do monocytes do?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...

4. Increased concentration: dehydration
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example

5. But temporary
FDPs are normally cleared by what?
What is the specific use for Black Ring Hematocrit?
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
A vascular spasm is immediate...

6. Nodular: walled off - diffuse: deep in tissues
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What does the FDP test detect?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
Extrinsic pathway requires a ____ _____ for activationand the end product is ___________

7. Calculated a corrected WBC ct.
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
If there is 5 or more nRBCs in the on the blood film - what must you do?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus

8. Platelets develop filopodia with receptors and vWB - which causes them to stick to subendothelial collagen. As soon as they stick - they start releasing their granular contents
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
Briefly describe what happens during adhesion
What avian parasite am I describing.... a horseshoe or halter-shaped organism partially encircling but not displacing the host RBC nucleus
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT

9. Stomatocyte
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
At birth is TP high or low
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?

10. Polycythemia vera and erthodysplasia
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
All cells can get...
Define polycythemia
What are dohle bodies?

11. Genetic material in the nucleus
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
chromatin
This infectious agent looks like a cracked egg - seen in dogs - transmitted by the tick and causes anemia - emaciation and anorexia.

12. Abnormal protein measurement in blood
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is dysproteinemia?
What does ACT evaluate?
vacuoles

13. Basophilic stippling
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
What is plasma?
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

14. Decreased concentration: over hydration
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
How long and At what rpm do you spin the hematocrit tube?
What do you look for to identify an eosinophil?

15. Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration - gives us the amount of Hb
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
List at least 5 differences between avian and mammalian hematology
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?

16. Poikilocytosis
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
When would you use whole blood transfusion on your patient?
What are the 3 mechanisms of anemia?

17. Ad: non-breakable - no vacuum - no activation of coagulation factors - component separation is easier; dis: migration of plastic into blood - slower collection
What is the most common neoplasia of lymph nodes?
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
Defects of hemostasis can be..

18. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
What does granular cytoplasm look like?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What is the function of protein?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?

19. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
What does a RTT contain?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

20. w/o anemia
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
What is dysproteinemia?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

21. Dog
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
Where in the body do we see lymphosarcomas in cattle? What type of cattle so we see it in?
When noting the number of platelets - What are the ranges and names?
Barney the dog has a MCHC of 19 - What term will I use for evaluation?

22. PCV - RBC - Hb - Retic Ct - Morphology - Indices MCV - MCHC - MCH
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?
List 6 tests to evaluate RBCs
What is the normal range for neutrophils and lymphocytes in a horse? monos and eos? basos?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?

23. ITP -DIC -Marrow problem (or kidney failure)
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

24. Shaking - too small needle with too much negative back pressure - rocker tray too long - water in syringe - freezing and thawing - squirting into tube - spinning too fast or too long
What does ACT evaluate?
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
Define artifact

25. blood
What are the 4 names that can be given to the size of larger than normal platelets?
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
0.9% NaCl only in the same line as...

26. VWB
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?
What are the examples for the cellular components of blood and What are their functions?
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen

27. VIII and vWB
MCH
Does the toxic neutrophil have to have all the presentation to be toxic? What would you report out for each presentation?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
All components necessary for intrinsic pathway are...

28. Postprandial (patient just ate) - hypothyroid - diabetes mellitus
What do monocytes do?
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
What is the only species that has basophil granules uniform round pale blue gray?

29. Lymphocyte - monocyte
What is the normal range of a PCV for a dog? a cat?
Name the 2 agranulocytes
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?

30. Mix equal parts of EDTA whole blood and NMB -Incubate 10-20 min -Make Blood Film -View on 100x -Count 1000 RBC - tally retics
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
What is the procedure for doing a retic count?
FDPs are normally cleared by what?

31. B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes; B are used for antibody production; T are used for hypersensitivity reactions - elimination of intracellulaar organisms - elimination of abnormal tissues
There are 2 types of lymphocytes What are their names? What are each used for?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

32. Rouleaux or agglutination
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
In What animals would you use the syringe technique?
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
What are some advantages of Oxyglobin?

33. New Anemia -Decrease production anemia
What are the 2 cytoplasmic changes in the monocyte? They individually or together are pathognomonic signs of what?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?

34. PO
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

35. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
What does a RTT contain?
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What color is a 22ga needle?
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.

36. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
Where is the proliferating or dividing pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?

37. Deficiency of vitamin K - Liver Dz/Failure - DIC
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
Fibrinolysis is...
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

38. Neutrophil; 6 hours; 2-2.5x
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
What are the MCV and MCHC normal ranges for the cat?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?
List the order of Platelet production

39. Immediate hypersensitivity or delayed hypersensitivity
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?
List the order of Platelet production
What are some examples of immunologic?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?

40. Whatever the bird weighs - 1% of that body weight is what you can safely draw (Ex- 3 ml from a 300g bird)
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird

41. Sepsis - disease transmission - allergic reactions to foreign proteins - circulatory overload - hypothermia
what WBC do mast cells resemble
What are some examples of nonimmunologic?
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?

42. Antigen or foreign protein
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
Endothelium and platelets produce What two factors?
why would we see an increase in eos on a BM aspirate with a patient with a mast cell tumor?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube

43. Microcytic
Hairball the cat has a MCV of 32 - What term will I use for the evaluation?
These cells look like an elmer fudd hat resulting from a blister or vacuole on the surface of the cell.
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?

44. Degree of the difference
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What is the specific use for Red Ring Hematocrit?

45. Myelodysplasia
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
These are small fragments of a RBC. Can be seen in a patient with DIC - iron deficiency or heartworms.
What is a WBC tumor?
What is the initial rate of administration for a transfusion?

46. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?

47. Large amounts to be effective - not long lasting - pricey
What are some disadvantages of Oxyglobin?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
In ruminants - WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

48. Sodium citrate Which binds with calcium to prevent coagulation
What is the only species that has color stained in the neutrophil granules? what color do they stain?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?

49. Fibrin
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?
When evaluating the size of RBCs we not only look at How many RBCs have a size difference but also the...
What does a mature avian RBC look like
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?

50. Coagulation studies
What is the specific use for BTT?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
It take ___ days to see a response to anemia in the peripheral blood
vacuoles