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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. Eccentric nucleus with low N:C ratio - very clear perinuclear halo; only seen in birds and reptiles
Describe a plasma cell. What animals are they seen in?
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is a serum separator tube?
What are some examples of immunologic?

2. Aggregate
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
What are the 2 morphologic changes of WBCs?
What are the 2 types of histological patterns?

3. Dog
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
Which species is the only species in which we evaluate the central pallor?
At birth is TP high or low

4. Anisocytosis
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
If I see a variation in size of the RBCs What term will I use?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?
What are the in house tests that could be run to check for bleeding disorders?

5. Blood glucose
What is the function of albumin?
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What are the two types of techniques we could use when drawing blood?
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?

6. Sick stressed cats due to lack of enzymes
What are the blood types of a cat?
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
Define polycythemia
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?

7. 60-90 sec for dogs - <65 sec for cats
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What are the normal ranges for ACT?

8. Rouleaux or agglutination
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
Define thromboembolic disorder

9. Immatures - hypersegmented neutrophils - pyknosis; toxic neutrophils
What test could be done to differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?
What is TP measured in?
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

10. VIII and vWB
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What is the stimulus for monocyte production?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____

11. Detects decreases in fibrinogen and thrombin inhibition from FDPs
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What does the test thrombin time detect?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?

12. Macrophages
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?
These RBCs have more surface area than contents. Similar to a half full zip lock bag or look like they have wrinkles.
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?

13. Thrombin - fibrin
Fibrinogen > __________
As a general rule - ____ is slightly better
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?

14. Hemotomas - bleeding into muscle joints/body cavities and delayed bleeding after venipunture
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
Mast cells have a _____ nucleus
What avian parasite am i describing... in RBC and WBC - round to elongated with gross host cell distortion and flattening of host nucleus along on side of cell
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....

15. II - VII - IX - X
What are the Vitamin K depended factors
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What is in each jar in the Wright's stain and What is the procedure of each jar?
If an animal is more than 6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?

16. In bone marrow; matures - +/- bands
This cell looks like a punched out cell.
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
These cells look like a bulls eye ______ and are commonly in polychromatophils
Why are monocyte numbers low in WBC differentials?

17. Blood loss and dehydration
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What would cause an artifact hyperproteinemia
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________

18. Secondary hemostasis specifically intrinsic and common pathways
What does ACT evaluate?
list 2 venipuncture sites in the pig and the needle size for each
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)

19. Stimulates and amplifies the coagulation cascade (or secondary hemostasis)
During secretion What does PF3 do?
What is a WBC tumor?
The RBC morphology includes...
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?

20. Yes b/c they spill into the bloodstream
What two factors does the vascular part of primary hemostasis produce? And By what cells specifically?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?
are mast cell tumors easy to diagnose in house? if so why?
Name the 3 granulocytes

21. Ehrlichia sp.
Name the 3 granulocytes
This infectious agent can be seen in WBC and RBC. Tick transmitted. Inclusion looks similar to a plt.
What is one factor that could cause the plasma evaluation to be lipemic?
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking

22. Iron deficiencies and Japanese Akitas
What are the causes of hypersegmented neutrophils?
Microsytosis is often seen in...
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?

23. 2 gtts donor plasma and 2 gtts recipient RBC suspension
In the minor reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
During fibrinolysis unbound plasmin in inactivated and bound plasmin hydrolyzes fibrin producing ______
What does BMBT evaluate
MCV

24. Ponctate Polka Dot Ribosomes More mature retic -Aggregate Clumped Ribosomes Younger retic
What color is a 22ga needle?
List the two types of retics along with there morphological and physiological characteristics
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?
During secondary hemostasis What is formed to stabilize the primary hemostatic plug?

25. Cellular - acellular - and fluid
What are the 3 components of blood?
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?
What is the function of immunglobins?

26. Not mixing upon intro - slow draw - dinking around - traumatic venipuncture
What is an example of increased destruction?
Give 2 examples of clot errors in collection of CBC/LTT
How many times do you repeat the RBC wash?
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH

27. Right shift; greater than 5 lobes
Which species has uniform small rod eosinophil granules?
What is hypersegmented neutrophils commonly referred to? What must they have to be considered this?
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

28. Body - monolayer - and feathered edge
What species never releases immature RBCs early?
What are the 3 layers of a blood film?
What are the 3 parts of the platelet plug?
What are 2 causes of hypovolemia?

29. Neutrophil - eosinophil - basophil
What type of anticoagulant is in a grey top tube?
Name the 3 granulocytes
Who do we frequently see Heinz bodies in?
What are the types of BM sample?

30. Red ring and black ring hematocrit tubes
which hematocrit tubes contain heparin?
What are 3 examples of acquired secondary hemostasis defects
What does the test thrombin time detect?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?

31. Platelets stick to each other
What granulocyte has a nucleus that is uniformly plump and spread out?
Platelet morphology includes...
What happens during aggregation
What does hemosiderin look like?

32. Von Willebrand's Disease
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
An example of an inherited primary hemostasis defect (vascular part) is........
What do you look for to identify a neutrophil?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

33. Cytoplasm appears to have a more blue color than usual
Platelet function defects are often acquired due to ___ - ______ - _______
What is the Observed Retic Count Formula? Corrected Retic Count? Absolute Retic Count?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What oxidized drugs or chemicals can cause heinz bodies?

34. Metamyelocyte
What are the routes of fluid replacement?
What granulocyte stage has a kidney bean shaped nucleus?
What does the FDP test detect?
What are the normal blood volumes for the dog and cat?

35. Nulcear characteristics and cytoplasmic characteristics
What are the 3 nuclear changes in a neutrophil? What is the 1 cytoplasmic change?
What is plasma?
The WBC morphology includes...
What is the stimulus for RBC production?

36. High - because they lose the ability to retain water
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
1/4 of FeLV positive cats will develop...
In a geriatric patient is TP high or low?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

37. 3-6%
What is the specific use for GreyTT?
What is the specific use for LTT?
What is an example of the fluid component of blood?
Fibrinogen measurment makes up what percent of the TP?

38. Hemophila A and VWD- maintenance
What are the 3 functions of platelets
Defects of hemostasis can be..
What are the normal ranges for ACT?
When would you use Cryopercipitate on your patient?

39. It does not contain an anticoagulant ;) so the blood will clot.
What does a RTT contain?
What does a mature avian RBC look like
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?

40. Albumin and immunglobins
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What are the 2 main proteins?
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?

41. Poikilocytosis
Irregular shaped RBCs - this is the term used when other classifications do not describe the film.
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

42. Basophilic stippling
This RBC inclusion looks like small round dots that stain bluish - seen in dogs with lead poisoning.
What are the 3 components of blood?
Why might you not want to use EDTA blood to view Mycoplasma haemofelis?
If the neutrophil nuclear immatures are high end of normal - what would you call this? low end of normal?

43. WBC identification rule of thumb
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?
Judge the cells by the company that they keep is a...
What is the function of immunglobins?

44. Blue
This cell looks like an empty RBC membrane and is usually an indication of IVH
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?
What color is a 22ga needle?
What are 3 effects of EPO?

45. Vit K
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?
What is required for carboxylation in the liver?
Platelet morphology includes...
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?

46. Hyperchromic
Give 4 examples of hemolysis errors in collection of CBC/LTT
This RBC inclusion looks like single very dark round spot on routine stain.
How long is fresh frozen plasma good for? When would you use it on your patient?
Fritz the cat has a MCHC of 40 - What term will I use for evaluation?

47. Ehrilichia - babesia - RMSF - borrelia - brucella - dirofilaria
What layer and what power objective do you use to do the differential?
A platelet is a cytoplasmic fragment of a __________
What are the 3 types of hematocrit tubes?
What are some infectious agents that you would test for in a dog before they could be a donor?

48. Clot that breaks off from its origin place and lodges somewhere else
Define thromboembolic disorder
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What is the side effect of glucocorticoids? Is EPO involved?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?

49. SQ
With the MPS - ___________ in the liver - spleen and bone marrow break down hemoglobin
What are the 2 categories of errors in collection of CBC/LTT?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What does the test thrombin time detect?

50. If buffer gets into the stain jar the slide will not stain correctly

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