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Veterinary Hematology Technology

Subjects : health-sciences, veterinary

Instructions:

Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.

1. TPR - MM - CRT - PCV - TP
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What type of granules are in a promyelocyte? are they committed?
What is the baseline information that you should obtain on your patient while the transfusion is taking place?
Define thromboembolic disorder

2. NRBC
What other cell is counted in the WBC ct (other than WBCs)?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What are the classifications of lymphoid tumors?
What does VWF test evaluate?

3. Swine - 3-3.5 inches long
which animal would you use a 16ga needle in? How long is the needle?
You must filter blood products by one of What two ways?
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
What does PTT and PT evaluate?

4. Proximal humerus - proximal femur - crest and wing of ilium - sternum and dorsal ends of ribs
Which species has inconsistent eosinophil granules?
blood loss can be acute or chronic - What are some causes for acute? chronic?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?

5. Ameboid nucleus with lacy chromatin; +/- vacuoles; low N:C
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
In the major reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What would be 2 causes of artifact hypoproteinemia?
For what cell do we have a 5 day supply in the marginating pool? What is their half-life? Turnover rate?

6. Enzymes and non enzymes factors - -calcium - tissue factors - vitamins
Define absolute
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is the mechanism of relative polycythemia and What is an example?
What are some examples of soluble coagulation factors?? Cofactors??

7. Primary Hemostasis - platelet plug -Stimulate Secondary Hemostasis - Fibrin clot -Secrete
What type of anticoagulant is in a BTT
What does PTT and PT evaluate?
What are the 3 functions of platelets
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field

8. Uncontrolled growth arising from blood or blood forming organs
T/F myelodysplasia and erythodysplasia have...
What are the requirements for a canine blood donor?
What is a hemopoetic neoplasia?
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?

9. Heterophil
The goal of hemostasis is to basically maintain blood within vessels - but ...
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a cow? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
Platelet morphology includes...
What is the most dominant WBC in most birds

10. Lung deficit - asthma - altitude - PDA
An example of and inherited platelet function defect is ________ where platelets fail to adhere to subendothelial collagen
What are some things that could cause a hypoxia w/o anemia?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
What does the test thrombin time detect?

11. It is the percent of a quantity of blood Which is made up of the red blood cells.
What are the 3 collection techniques for blood donation?
What is plasma?
What is the definition of PCV?
granule

12. 1.1 - 1.2 - and 7
What are some side effects to Oxyglobin? Are these side effects anything to worry about? why?
For the intrinsic pathway factors XII - XI - IX - VIII are activated by contact with collagen - endotoxin platelet products and other negatively charged substances. This process can be called ___ ___
Thrombocytopenia (Mech and Ex)-Increased destruction = ____ -Increased consumption = ______ -Decreased production = ________
What erythoroocyte antigens must a dog be lacking to be a universal donor?

13. RTT - LTT - BTT - Dia.
Where are some sites to collect a BM sample?
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What are the 2 main proteins?

14. Cow
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
The WBC morphology includes...
What are dohle bodies?
Which species has uniform small round refractile eosinophil granules?

15. Jugular- 20ga
Hemophilias A and B are examples of ______ secondary hemostasis defects - but are not very common in the veterinary field
What can happen if you use Na Citrate in high volumes when storing donor blood?
What is the rule when testing for a plasma cell tumor?
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size

16. Blood glucose
What are the types of BM sample?
Why would we want an atraumatic venipuncture?
List the order of Platelet production
What is the specific use for GreyTT?

17. No - but it is not ideal
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
List 3 venipuncture sites in the dog and the needle size for each
What is the mech. of relative hypoproteinemia and an exampl?
Does a hemolysis error in collection of CBC/LTT invalidate the sample?

18. Peripheral Blood - Bone Marrow
Mature RBCs are normally seen in the ______ ______ and immature RBC are in the _______ _____.
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
What is the stimulus for platelets
Where should you place your BTT sample if it is going to be looked at in <6 hours? in >6 hours?

19. True deviation in the amount
Define absolute
What is an example of decreased production?
During the production of coagulation factors the liver can make all factors except part of factor ___ and _____
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?

20. WBC distribution - platelet clumping - abnormal cells - and microfilaria
What are the 2 causes of secondary absolute polycythemia?
What is a vascular spasm? (stimulated by ______ - causes constriction of ________)
What is serum?
When looking at the feathered edge on 10x What are two things you would be looking for?

21. Spherocyte
What is the specific use for Blue Ring Hematocrit?
These cells are only seen in dogs with anemia and is pathognomonic with IMHA. Small round evenly stained.
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?

22. Budding and Cytoplasmic Demarkation
What are the 2 main proteins?
What 2 ways does a platelet form?
If I see unusually large RBCs what will I use? Unusually small RBCs?
Fibrinogen and WBCs...

23. Brown-gold inclusions due to iron deposits within the cytoplasm
What do the granules look like in a dog - horse - or cow basophil?
What are 3 reasons we evaluate TP?
What does hemosiderin look like?
What is the minimum temperature that you should warm the blood before administering it?

24. Blast: lrg cell - mature: sm. cell - mixed: seen in horses commonly
What are the 3 types of cytological patterns?
Thrombocytes tend to...
What infectious agent is seen in cattle with a tick infestation that causes severe anemia and icterus?
What are the 2 nuclear changes in a lymphocyte? What is the 4 cytoplasmic changes?

25. Platelets stick to each other
List the order of Platelet production
What happens during aggregation
list the venipuncture site in sheep and goats and the needle size
What is the normal range of a TP for a dog? a cat?

26. Common Common Pathway Substances: Prothrombin > _______
Prothrombinase starts the _______ pathway Which is when the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge
What is the mech of relative hyperproteinemia and an example
What does a RTT contain?
What is the advantage of a plastic bag technique? disadvantages?

27. doesn't last that long
Where is the storage pool located in the body? What is it comprised of?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
Why is it good to know what blood components that your patient needs?
What is the tx for RBC tumor

28. SQ
What do you look for to identify a monocyte?
What is dysproteinemia?
If an animal is 5-6% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal WBC count?

29. Acid citrate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose (21 days) - citrate phosphate dextrose with adenine (35 days)
What do you need to give to a cat or dog donor after you complete your blood collection?
What 3 anticoagulants contain preservatives and What are their shelf lives?
If you have a dog come in ADR and you need to draw blood with vacutainer - what order should you fill your tubes?
What is the specific gravity of distilled water?

30. Compensatory mechanisms
Why is the initial rate of administration slow?
What are neutrophil nuclear immatures commonly referred to?
How can an animal lose 50% of their blood volume and still be ok?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)

31. Not mixing the sample
What is the biggest error in hematology?
What does hemosiderin look like?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
Why do we stage lymphoid tumors?

32. New Anemia -Decrease production anemia
What are some common causes of Normochromic Normocytic Non-Regenerative Anemia?
A platelet plug by itself is short lived and can only stop hemmorage but....
What would a Heinz body look like stained in NMB
Where does protein originate from?

33. Blood gases
What is the stimulus for lymphocyte production?
What avian WBC am I describing.....typically rod-shaped - eosinophilic granule which partially or completely obscure the nucleus
What is the specific use for GreenTT?
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?

34. Agglutination or hemolysis
Mammalian hematology has platelets and avian hematology has ___________
What is your end patient observation if the blood is not compatible?
What is an easy way of remembering how much blood you can safely draw from a bird
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?

35. w/o anemia
EPO is involved with hypoxia...
What are 2 causes of roughened endothelium?
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
Which species has uniform large round refractile eosinophil granules?

36. Hypoxia
This causes a sever often fatal anemia in cats that are usually FeLv pos.
What is the stimulus for RBC production?
What are the three abnormal colors you would see on a plasma evaluation?
What are the requirements for a cat to be a donor?

37. Nonimmunologic and immunologic; immunologic
Where is the marginating pool located in the body? What are the granulocytes doing in this pool?
What is diffuse cytoplasmic basophilia?
What are the two types of transfusion reactions? Which one is a rejection of RBC antigens?
What is the only cell that the production does not start with a PPSC? What cell does it start with? Where is this cell located in the body?

38. Fibrin clot
What type of anticoagulant is in a green top tube
Hemostasis is the complex - overlapping series of physiological and biochemical events which involve both _______ and ________ of coagulation
The end product of contact activation (or intrinsic pathway) is _______
The final product of secondary hemostasis is a stable ____ _______ which seals larger blood vessel defects

39. 6 -000-17 -000/microliter; 5 -500-19 -500/microliter
What is the normal range of a WBC ct for a dog? a cat?
What is the term you use when there is a higher than normal platelet count?
What are the 2 main proteins?
Explain the Diff Quick staining technique for avian hematology

40. Prothrombin time
Which test is best to diagnose warfarin poisoning?
What color is a 22ga needle?
RBC that has a pale colored mouth area and only seen in dogs with hereditary chondrodystrophy (dwarfish)
What are the routes of fluid replacement?

41. Roughened endothelium - protein C deficiency - and nephrotic syndrome
What are some causes of thromboembolic disorder?
When viewing the monolayer on 100x What are you checking?
What is the term you use when there is a lower than normal RBC count?
EPO is involved with hypoxia...

42. It is separated after 6 hours and fresh frozen is before 6 hours
FDPs have anticoagulant activity Which blocks _______ and inhibits _______ from sticking
___________ was discovered in the Veterinary field first
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What tube is used for all the sent our tests except FDPs?

43. Fuzzy - hairy - appear to have tentacle or strings coming off of it which means they are reactive platelets
When looking at the body on 10x What are you looking for?
Stored plasma is the same as fresh frozen plasma except For what?
What are two stains used in staining blood films?
Platelets are always irrregular in shape - but what would an abnormally shaped platelet look like?

44. Black ring has a smaller diameter
What is the difference between a red ring and a black ring hematocrit tube?
What does MCHC stand for and what will it tell us?
What are the 4 tests used to diagnose a plasma cell tumor?
What are the 3 functions of platelets

45. Deep basophilic cytoplasm with a perinuclear halo; mammals and exotics in peripheral blood smears
Clinical signs of a secondary hemostasis defect are.....
What is a reactive lymph look like? What animals are they seen in?
Fibrinogen increases during states of inflammation - in a dog and cat WBCs increase or decrease prior to fibrinogen increasing?
What is serum?

46. RBC tumor - RBC replicating uncontrollably. EPO is not involved.
What is the name of the granulocyte stage that has secondary granules? are they committed?
In the control reaction of the crossmatch - What do you add together?
What are some causes of primary absolute polycythemia?
Lucy the dog has a MCV of 75 - What term will I use for evaluation?

47. To help increase BP to place a catheter or if you cant give IV
What is the plt dervided growth factor?
What color is a 22ga needle?
Why would you give fluids IO or IP?
What are the stages of lymphoid tumors?

48. Vasoconstriction and further platelet aggregation (overall goal is to get more platelets to that area)
What are 2 types of RBC tumors?
During secretion - TXA is released by platelets and causes what?
If an animal is under 4% dehydrated At what route should you give fluids?
What does MCV stand for and what will it tell us?

49. BLV - bovine leukemia virus
How many days does it take for the body to recognize that it is not its own blood?
What virus in cattle can cause lymphosarcoma?
What is the normal range for neutrophils in a dog or cat? lymphocytes? monos and eos? basos?
What is a neutrophil commonly referred to as?

50. Aggregate
This can be seen in cattle - camel - sheep - goats - antelope - birds. Causes a veneral disease in horses.
What is the advantage of a glass bottle technique? disadvantages?
Cats and Birds only count _________ retics in the retic tally
What shape is the nucleus in a lymphocyte? a monocyte?