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Advanced Financial Reporting And Analysis

Subject : business-skills
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Capital structure that contains NO potentially dillutive securities - (contains only c/s - nonconvertible debt - and nonconvertible pref. stock)






2. 1) installment sales (If collection is certain - rev is recognized at time of sale) 2) installment method: (if collection cannot be estimated) 3) cost recovery (if collectability is highly uncertain)






3. IFRS: Funded status is NOT on B/S Asset/Liability - Result in a b/s that does NOT represent econ reality - GAAP: Funded status = B/S Asset/Liability -Both disclose components of DBO - plan assets - expenses - and assumptions used to calculate pensio






4. Income Tax Expense < Taxes Payable - F/S < Tax Return - Pay more tax now but more on reversal






5. EU 1) Int'l Accounting Standards Board; 2) Unified int'l frameworks of accounting standards (IFRS); 3) Addopted by EU in 2005






6. Small investment for div/capital gains purpose - If Secondary market: Held-to-maturity: Debt securities co intend to hold to maturity; Carried at Amortized cost. Available-for-sale: Sold to satisfy Debt/Equity Needs; Currrent or non-current; B/S @ MV






7. 1) Diff tax rate in diff. tax jurisdictions (countries) (continuous)2) Permanent tax differences: tax credit - tax-exempt income - nondeductible expenses - & tax diff between capital gains and operating income. (continuous) 3)in tax rates and legisl






8. Same as other ratios using NI in this case substitut NI for CFO.






9. More than a third of Maxwell's total sales go to its own consolidated subsidiaries High levels of related-party transactions are worrisome - particularly when those parties are not audited. But transactions within the company between subsidiaries con

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10. Current Ratio (CA/CL): lower - Work. Cap (CA -CL): Lower - Asset TO: (Sales/TA): Lower - ROA (EAT/TA): Lower - ROE (EAT/E): Lower - Debt/Equity: Higher - Since Int. exp + depre > lease pymt in the early years. This decreases NI - and Profitability ra






11. Replacement cost subject to: Upper limit = NRV - Loewr limit = NRV - normal profit margin






12. Primary) Relevance & Reliability - Secondary) Comparability - Lastly) Understandability - user specific






13. Meet Analyst Expectations - Meet debt covenants - Incentive compensation






14. Stock options - Warrants - Convertible debt - Convertible preferred stock






15. ROE = (NI/EBT)x(EBT/EBIT)x(EBIT/Rev)x(Rev/Asset)x(Asset/Eqty) or (tax burden)x(int. burden)x(EBITmargin)x(Aset TO)x(Fin Lvg)






16. Income Tax Expense/Pretax Income (EBIT) Income Tax Exp. = Taxes payable + chg in deferred ta






17. Includes: cash flow from interst Rec'd and Paid - and Dividend received. Includes all income taxes paid.






18. 1) Responsibility to establish and maintain adequate internal controls 2) Mgmt's framework for evaluating internal controls 3) Assessment of the effectiveness of internal controls over the last operating period 4) Statement of auditor's attestment 5)






19. Slow moving or obsolete inventory






20. Refers to changes from one GAAP method or IFRS method to another IFRS & US GAAP require prior year data shown in f/s to be adjusted.






21. Beginning Inv. (BI) + Purchases (P) = Available for Sale - Available for sale - COGS = Ending Inventory (EI)






22. Employer promises specific payment stream at retirement - Payments are based on yrs of service - retirement age - and final salary - Employers bears investment risk - Funded by pool of assets - Complicated accounting






23. Follows the traditional ledger account - assets on the left hand side and liabilities and equity on the right hand side.






24. Is more relevant than book value: Recent changes allow more liability to be recorded at FMV (IFRS & GAAP require disclosure of FMV) - Downward adj. in liability will Increase equity and decrease leverage ratio - Upward adj in liability will decrease






25. 1) 3rd party pressure: 1) analyst/institutional expectations; 2) need to obtain finance; 3) listing requirements; 4) Debt covenants; 5) Transactions 2) Directors' Financial Position: 1) Equity interest; 2) Stock options; 3) Personal debt guarantees.






26. Lost sales from stock outs






27. 1) is a contra asset account used to reduce the value of a DTA - 2) it is used to reduce the asset when future taxable income is deemed to be insefficient to fully use the DTA.






28. Profit recognized is the proportion of cash collected x total expected profit Revenue = (COG provided to date/total COG to be provided) x total expected revenue






29. FIFO: EI = newest purchases - LIFO: EI = oldest purchases - Avg. Costs: EI = Available for sale/Units - Specific ID: high value items (cars - diamonds etc)






30. Diff. in depreciation methods/assumptions; Diff. in inventory methods/assumptions; Diff. in treatment of the effect of exchg rate chgs; Diff. in classifications of investment securities - Goodwill: Internally Generated DON'T capitalize - Purchased =






31. Potentially dilutive securitites [options - warrants - convertible securities]






32. NRV = Est. selling cost - Est. cost of complition - selling costs






33. I/S: Income statement account/Sales - B/S: Balance sheet account/ Total Assets






34. If PV of min lease pymt = cost of asset 1) lessor is not a dealer of leased equipment (fin. co.)2) no gross profit is recognized at time of lease inception 3) all profit is int. revenue recognized over period of lease. CFO = Int. Income inflow - CFI






35. Decreases DTA -> Decreases Net Income - [Decrease in Valuation Allowance; Increase DTA and Increases Net Income]






36. Inflow - (bringing bond UP to par)






37. Timing differences (depreciations) - Permanent differences






38. FASB: No discussion of 'probables' - IASB: Asset - liabilities - are probable flows






39. 1) Start with NI 2) Sub Gains or add losses from financing or investing CFs 3) Add non-cash charges (depr't & amort'z) & sub all non cash revenue 4) Add/ Sub changes to related b/s operating accounts:






40. Increase in an asset: deduct (use of cash) - Increase in a liability: add (source of cash) - Decrease in an asset: add (source of cash) - Decrease in a liability: deduct (use of cash)






41. Nature of liability; Maturity dates; Stated and effective int. rates; Call and conversion features; covenants; security pledged as collateral; Amount of Debt maturity in each of the next 5 years; Fair value of o/s instrutments






42. 1) Unqualified opinion (good); 2) Qualified opinion (followed GAAP except for...); 3) Adverse opinion (bad)






43. 1) Timing Differences: Accrual vs. modified cash accounting - Differences in reporting methods estimates






44. 365/(Inv. T/O) = 365/( COGS/ Avg. Inv.)






45. BV - cash paid = gain/(loss) + any unamortized issue costs (US only) = Gain/Loss on repurchase [I/S as continuing operations)






46. Contributed capital = c/s @ par plus add'l paid-in capital - Treasury stock (reaquired by frim but not yet retired) - are/E = Accum' NI less dividends - Minority (non-controlling) interest - Comprehensive income items: all chg in SOE not in I/S or fr

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47. PV of future obligation or the PV of the amount owed to employees for future pension benefits earned to date - Payments are determined based on expected final salary.






48. LIFO after-tax profit + (change in LIFO reserve)(1 - t)






49. 1) Character: Mgmt reputation and history of repayment 2) Collateral: ability to pledge specific collateral reduces lender risk 3) Capacity: ability to replay debt. requires LT view of firms prospect.

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50. GAAP: shown as a separate prepaid asset and amortized - IFRS: Deducted from proceeds and liability therefore effective interest rate is HIGHER under IFRS than GAAP.







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