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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






2. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






3. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






4. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






5. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






6. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






7. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






8. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






9. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






10. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






11. The outer covering of a seed






12. When cash crops are grown on large estates






13. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






14. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






15. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






16. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






17. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






18. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






19. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






20. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






21. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






22. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






23. A flooded field for growing rice






24. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






25. Seed of a cereal grain






26. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






27. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






28. The technique of separating metals from ores.






29. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






30. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






31. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






32. The most productive farmland






33. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






34. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






35. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






36. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






37. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






38. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






39. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






40. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






41. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






42. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






43. Agricultural hearth






44. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






45. A grass yielding grain for food






46. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






47. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






48. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






49. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






50. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period