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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






2. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






3. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






4. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






5. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






6. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






7. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






8. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






9. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






10. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






11. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






12. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






13. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






14. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






15. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






16. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






17. A grass yielding grain for food






18. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






19. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






20. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






21. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






22. The technique of separating metals from ores.






23. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






24. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






25. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






26. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






27. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






28. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






29. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






30. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






31. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






32. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






33. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






34. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






35. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






36. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






37. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






38. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






39. The outer covering of a seed






40. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






41. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






42. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






43. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






44. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






45. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






46. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






47. When cash crops are grown on large estates






48. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






49. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






50. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats







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