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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






2. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






3. A grass yielding grain for food






4. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






5. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






6. When cash crops are grown on large estates






7. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






8. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






9. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






10. The outer covering of a seed






11. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






12. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






13. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






14. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






15. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






16. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






17. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






18. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






19. Agricultural hearth






20. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






21. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






22. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






23. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






24. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






25. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






26. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






27. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






28. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






29. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






30. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






31. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






32. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






33. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






34. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






35. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






36. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






37. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






38. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






39. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






40. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






41. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






42. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






43. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






44. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






45. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






46. A flooded field for growing rice






47. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






48. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






49. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






50. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter