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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






2. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






3. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






4. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






5. The outer covering of a seed






6. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






7. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






8. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






9. The technique of separating metals from ores.






10. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






11. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






12. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






13. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






14. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






15. When cash crops are grown on large estates






16. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






17. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






18. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






19. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






20. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






21. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






22. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






23. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






24. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






25. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






26. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






27. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






28. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






29. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






30. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






31. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






32. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






33. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






34. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






35. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






36. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






37. A flooded field for growing rice






38. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






39. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






40. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






41. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






42. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






43. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






44. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






45. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






46. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






47. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






48. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






49. Seed of a cereal grain






50. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers