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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






2. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






3. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






4. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






5. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






6. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






7. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






8. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






9. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






10. Agricultural hearth






11. A flooded field for growing rice






12. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






13. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






14. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






15. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






16. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






17. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






18. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






19. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






20. The outer covering of a seed






21. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






22. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






23. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






24. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






25. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






26. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






27. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






28. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






29. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






30. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






31. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






32. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






33. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






34. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






35. When cash crops are grown on large estates






36. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






37. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






38. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






39. A grass yielding grain for food






40. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






41. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






42. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






43. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






44. Seed of a cereal grain






45. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






46. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






47. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






48. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






49. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






50. The most productive farmland