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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






2. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






3. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






4. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






5. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






6. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






7. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






8. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






9. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






10. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






11. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






12. Seed of a cereal grain






13. A flooded field for growing rice






14. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






15. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






16. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






17. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






18. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






19. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






20. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






21. The most productive farmland






22. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






23. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






24. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






25. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






26. When cash crops are grown on large estates






27. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






28. A grass yielding grain for food






29. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






30. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






31. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






32. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






33. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






34. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






35. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






36. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






37. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






38. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






39. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






40. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






41. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






42. Agricultural hearth






43. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






44. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






45. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






46. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






47. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






48. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






49. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






50. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures







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