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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






2. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






3. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






4. A flooded field for growing rice






5. When cash crops are grown on large estates






6. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






7. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






8. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






9. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






10. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






11. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






12. A grass yielding grain for food






13. The technique of separating metals from ores.






14. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






15. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






16. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






17. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






18. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






19. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






20. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






21. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






22. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






23. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






24. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






25. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






26. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






27. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






28. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






29. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






30. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






31. The outer covering of a seed






32. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






33. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






34. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






35. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






36. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






37. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






38. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






39. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






40. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






41. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






42. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






43. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






44. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






45. Seed of a cereal grain






46. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






47. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






48. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






49. Agricultural hearth






50. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness







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