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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






2. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






3. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






4. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






5. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






6. Agricultural hearth






7. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






8. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






9. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






10. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






11. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






12. The most productive farmland






13. Seed of a cereal grain






14. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






15. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






16. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






17. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






18. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






19. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






20. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






21. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






22. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






23. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






24. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






25. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






26. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






27. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






28. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






29. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






30. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






31. When cash crops are grown on large estates






32. The outer covering of a seed






33. A flooded field for growing rice






34. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






35. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






36. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






37. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






38. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






39. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






40. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






41. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






42. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






43. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






44. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






45. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






46. The technique of separating metals from ores.






47. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






48. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






49. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






50. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful