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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






2. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






3. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






4. Seed of a cereal grain






5. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






6. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






7. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






8. The outer covering of a seed






9. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






10. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






11. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






12. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






13. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






14. The most productive farmland






15. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






16. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






17. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






18. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






19. The technique of separating metals from ores.






20. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






21. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






22. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






23. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






24. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






25. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






26. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






27. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






28. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






29. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






30. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






31. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






32. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






33. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






34. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






35. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






36. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






37. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






38. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






39. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






40. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






41. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






42. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






43. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






44. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






45. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






46. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






47. A grass yielding grain for food






48. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






49. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






50. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied







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