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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






2. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






3. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






4. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






5. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






6. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






7. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






8. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






9. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






10. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






11. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






12. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






13. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






14. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






15. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






16. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






17. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






18. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






19. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






20. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






21. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






22. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






23. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






24. Agricultural hearth






25. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






26. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






27. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






28. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






29. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






30. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






31. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






32. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






33. Seed of a cereal grain






34. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






35. The most productive farmland






36. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






37. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






38. When cash crops are grown on large estates






39. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






40. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






41. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






42. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






43. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






44. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






45. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






46. The technique of separating metals from ores.






47. The outer covering of a seed






48. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






49. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






50. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth







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