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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






2. A flooded field for growing rice






3. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






4. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






5. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






6. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






7. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






8. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






9. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






10. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






11. Seed of a cereal grain






12. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






13. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






14. Agricultural hearth






15. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






16. The most productive farmland






17. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






18. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






19. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






20. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






21. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






22. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






23. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






24. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






25. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






26. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






27. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






28. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






29. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






30. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






31. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






32. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






33. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






34. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






35. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






36. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






37. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






38. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






39. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






40. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






41. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






42. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






43. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






44. A grass yielding grain for food






45. The outer covering of a seed






46. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






47. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






48. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






49. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






50. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations