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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






2. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






3. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






4. A flooded field for growing rice






5. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






6. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






7. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






8. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






9. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






10. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






11. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






12. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






13. When cash crops are grown on large estates






14. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






15. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






16. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






17. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






18. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






19. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






20. The technique of separating metals from ores.






21. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






22. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






23. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






24. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






25. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






26. Agricultural hearth






27. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






28. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






29. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






30. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






31. Seed of a cereal grain






32. The most productive farmland






33. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






34. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






35. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






36. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






37. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






38. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






39. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






40. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






41. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






42. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






43. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






44. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






45. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






46. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






47. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






48. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






49. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






50. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm







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