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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






2. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






3. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






4. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






5. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






6. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






7. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






8. A flooded field for growing rice






9. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






10. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






11. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






12. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






13. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






14. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






15. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






16. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






17. The technique of separating metals from ores.






18. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






19. The most productive farmland






20. A grass yielding grain for food






21. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






22. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






23. When cash crops are grown on large estates






24. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






25. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






26. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






27. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






28. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






29. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






30. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






31. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






32. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






33. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






34. The outer covering of a seed






35. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






36. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






37. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






38. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






39. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






40. Agricultural hearth






41. Seed of a cereal grain






42. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






43. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






44. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






45. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






46. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






47. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






48. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






49. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






50. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah