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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






2. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






3. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






4. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






5. Seed of a cereal grain






6. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






7. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






8. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






9. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






10. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






11. When cash crops are grown on large estates






12. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






13. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






14. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






15. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






16. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






17. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






18. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






19. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






20. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






21. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






22. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






23. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






24. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






25. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






26. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






27. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






28. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






29. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






30. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






31. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






32. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






33. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






34. A grass yielding grain for food






35. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






36. The technique of separating metals from ores.






37. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






38. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






39. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






40. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






41. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






42. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






43. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






44. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






45. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






46. Agricultural hearth






47. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






48. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






49. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






50. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.