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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






2. The technique of separating metals from ores.






3. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






4. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






5. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






6. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






7. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






8. Agricultural hearth






9. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






10. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






11. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






12. Seed of a cereal grain






13. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






14. A flooded field for growing rice






15. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






16. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






17. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






18. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






19. A grass yielding grain for food






20. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






21. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






22. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






23. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






24. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






25. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






26. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






27. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






28. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






29. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






30. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






31. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






32. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






33. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






34. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






35. When cash crops are grown on large estates






36. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






37. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






38. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






39. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






40. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






41. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






42. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






43. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






44. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






45. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






46. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






47. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






48. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






49. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






50. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.







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