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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






2. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






3. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






4. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






5. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






6. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






7. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






8. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






9. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






10. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






11. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






12. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






13. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






14. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






15. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






16. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






17. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






18. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






19. The technique of separating metals from ores.






20. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






21. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






22. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






23. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






24. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






25. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






26. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






27. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






28. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






29. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






30. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






31. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






32. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






33. A flooded field for growing rice






34. Seed of a cereal grain






35. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






36. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






37. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






38. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






39. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






40. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






41. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






42. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






43. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






44. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






45. Agricultural hearth






46. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






47. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






48. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






49. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






50. The most productive farmland