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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






2. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






3. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






4. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






5. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






6. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






7. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






8. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






9. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






10. The most productive farmland






11. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






12. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






13. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






14. A flooded field for growing rice






15. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






16. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






17. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






18. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






19. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






20. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






21. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






22. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






23. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






24. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






25. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






26. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






27. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






28. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






29. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






30. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






31. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






32. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






33. The outer covering of a seed






34. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






35. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






36. A grass yielding grain for food






37. When cash crops are grown on large estates






38. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






39. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






40. Seed of a cereal grain






41. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






42. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






43. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






44. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






45. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






46. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






47. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






48. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






49. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






50. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers







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