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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






2. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






3. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






4. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






5. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






6. A grass yielding grain for food






7. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






8. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






9. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






10. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






11. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






12. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






13. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






14. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






15. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






16. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






17. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






18. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






19. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






20. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






21. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






22. Agricultural hearth






23. The outer covering of a seed






24. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






25. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






26. A flooded field for growing rice






27. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






28. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






29. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






30. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






31. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






32. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






33. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






34. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






35. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






36. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






37. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






38. When cash crops are grown on large estates






39. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






40. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






41. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






42. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






43. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






44. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






45. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






46. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






47. The most productive farmland






48. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






49. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






50. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers