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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






2. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






3. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






4. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






5. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






6. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






7. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






8. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






9. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






10. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






11. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






12. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






13. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






14. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






15. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






16. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






17. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






18. Seed of a cereal grain






19. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






20. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






21. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






22. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






23. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






24. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






25. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






26. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






27. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






28. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






29. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






30. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






31. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






32. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






33. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






34. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






35. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






36. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






37. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






38. The most productive farmland






39. When cash crops are grown on large estates






40. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






41. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






42. A flooded field for growing rice






43. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






44. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






45. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






46. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






47. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






48. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






49. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






50. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization