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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






2. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






3. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






4. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






5. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






6. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






7. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






8. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






9. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






10. The outer covering of a seed






11. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






12. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






13. Agricultural hearth






14. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






15. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






16. Seed of a cereal grain






17. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






18. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






19. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






20. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






21. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






22. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






23. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






24. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






25. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






26. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






27. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






28. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






29. When cash crops are grown on large estates






30. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






31. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






32. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






33. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






34. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






35. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






36. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






37. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






38. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






39. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






40. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






41. A grass yielding grain for food






42. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






43. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






44. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






45. The most productive farmland






46. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






47. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






48. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






49. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






50. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.