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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. When cash crops are grown on large estates






2. Agricultural hearth






3. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






4. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






5. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






6. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






7. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






8. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






9. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






10. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






11. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






12. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






13. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






14. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






15. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






16. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






17. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






18. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






19. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






20. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






21. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






22. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






23. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






24. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






25. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






26. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






27. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






28. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






29. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






30. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






31. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






32. The technique of separating metals from ores.






33. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






34. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






35. The outer covering of a seed






36. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






37. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






38. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






39. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






40. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






41. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






42. Seed of a cereal grain






43. The most productive farmland






44. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






45. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






46. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






47. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






48. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






49. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






50. A grass yielding grain for food