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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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  • Match each statement with the correct term.
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This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






2. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






3. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






4. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






5. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






6. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






7. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






8. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






9. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






10. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






11. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






12. The most productive farmland






13. When cash crops are grown on large estates






14. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






15. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






16. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






17. The outer covering of a seed






18. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






19. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






20. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






21. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






22. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






23. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






24. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






25. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






26. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






27. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






28. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






29. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






30. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






31. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






32. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






33. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






34. Seed of a cereal grain






35. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






36. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






37. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






38. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






39. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






40. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






41. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






42. The technique of separating metals from ores.






43. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






44. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






45. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






46. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






47. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






48. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers






49. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






50. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile







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