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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






2. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






3. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






4. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






5. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






6. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






7. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals






8. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






9. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






10. Grain or fruit gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season






11. Rice planted on dryland in a nursery - then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth






12. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






13. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






14. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






15. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






16. Seed of a cereal grain






17. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






18. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






19. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






20. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






21. Crops including items like peanuts and pineapples - which are produced - usually in developing countries - for export






22. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






23. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






24. Agricultural hearth






25. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






26. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






27. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






28. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






29. A grass yielding grain for food






30. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






31. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






32. A flooded field for growing rice






33. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






34. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






35. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






36. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






37. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






38. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






39. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






40. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






41. When cash crops are grown on large estates






42. The use of genetically engineered crops in agricutlure and DNA manipulation in livestock in order to increase production. Example: radiation of meats and vegetables to prolong their freshness






43. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






44. Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution - typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides






45. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






46. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






47. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






48. The process where animals are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






49. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






50. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer