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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






2. The technique of separating metals from ores.






3. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






4. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






5. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






6. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied






7. The rapid economic changes that occurred in agriculture and manufacturing in England in the late 18th century and that rapidly spread to other parts of the developed world






8. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






9. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile






10. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






11. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






12. Agricultural hearth






13. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






14. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






15. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






16. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






17. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






18. Also Neolithic Revolution. The period of time about 12 -000 years ago when the humans transitioned from hunting and gathering communities to agriculture and settlement bands due to the use of plant and animal domestication.






19. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






20. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






21. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






22. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






23. A grass yielding grain for food






24. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






25. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






26. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






27. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






28. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






29. Form of agriculture that uses mechanical goods such as machinery - tools - vehicles - and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods - a process requiring very little human labor






30. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






31. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






32. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






33. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






34. Crops not grown for sustenance to include tea - cacao - coffee - and tobacco






35. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






36. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






37. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






38. Chemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants - but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals






39. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






40. Each town or market is surrounded by a cet of more-or-less concentric rings within which particular commodities or crops dominated.






41. To beat out grain from stalks by trampling it






42. The outer covering of a seed






43. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






44. Malay word for wet rice - commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah






45. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






46. The most productive farmland






47. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family






48. When cash crops are grown on large estates






49. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






50. The growing of fruits - vegetables - and flowers