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Agriculture Vocab

Subjects : science, agriculture
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food - clothing - and shelter






2. Loss of the top fertile layer of soil is lost through erosion. It is a tremendous problem in areas with fragile soils - steep slopes - or torrential seasonal rains






3. Agricultural hearth






4. An agricultural model that spatially describes agricultural activities in terms of rent. Activities that require intensive cultivation and cannot be transported over great distances pay higher rent to be close to the market. Conversely - activities t






5. A machine that cuts grain standing in the field






6. The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures






7. Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds - which result from sexual fertilization






8. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning






9. The period of time in 17th and 18th century Europe where farming underwent significant changes. Tools and equipment were modified. Methods of soil preparation - fertilization - crop care - and harvesting improved. The general organization of agricult






10. Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants






11. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period






12. When cash crops are grown on large estates






13. Harvesting twice a year from the same field






14. In agriculture - the replacement of human labor with technology or machines






15. The process of urban areas expanding outwards - usually in the form of suburbs - and developing over fertile agricultural land






16. Commercial agriculture combined with characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry - usually through ownership by large corporations






17. Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals - as well as land used for grazing






18. Type of agriculture that requires large levels of manual labor to be successful






19. To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind






20. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm






21. An agricultural economy found in communist nations in which the government controls both agricultural production and distribution






22. Commercial gardening and fruit farming - so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities






23. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area






24. The technique of separating metals from ores.






25. Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing






26. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale - usually to a more developed country






27. System of planting crops on ridge tops - in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation






28. Degradation of land - especially in semiarid areas - primarily because of human actions like excessive crop platning - animal grazing - and tree cutting






29. Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer






30. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology - especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers






31. A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land






32. Another name for shifting cultivation - so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris






33. The process where plants are artificially selected and become accustomed to human provision and control.






34. A flooded field for growing rice






35. Foods that are mostly products of organisms that have had their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes - such as disease resistance - increased productivity - or nutritional value allowing growers greater control - predictability - and e






36. A machine that reaps - threshes - and cleans grain while moving over a field






37. The most productive farmland






38. Crops produced without the use of synthetic or industrially produced pesticides or fertilizers






39. Type of specialized farming occuring only in the areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails along the shores of the Mediterranean sea






40. Wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer






41. Area located in the crescent-shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq - Syria - Lebanon - and Turkey) - which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity






42. The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through the cultivation of plants and the rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain






43. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year - to avoid exhausting the soil.






44. Any kind of agricultural activity that involves effective and efficient use of labor on small plots of land to maximize crop yield






45. An agricultural system characterized by low inputs of labor per unit land area






46. The period of time approximately 250 years after the start of the Second Agricultural Revolution continuing into the present - with three distinctive features. The lines distinguishing agriculture as primary - secondary - and tertiary activities are






47. The outer covering of a seed






48. An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals - such as cattle - horses - sheep - and goats






49. Places where livestock are concentrated in a very small area and raised on hormones and hearty grains that prepare them for slaughter at a much more rapid rate






50. Process that occurs when soils in arid areas are brought under cultivation through irrigation. In arid climates - water evaporates quickly off the ground surface - leaving salty residues that render the soil infertile