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Test your basic knowledge |
American Indian History
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Study First
Subject
:
history
Instructions:
Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
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Match each statement with the correct term.
Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.
This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. Descendents of the Anasazis - mostly in New Mexico - most conservative - group oriented - communal - religious Indian community in North America. spatial relationship to their homeland & a supernatural purpose for being there. Farming a holy act.
Anasazi
The Southern Cult
Pope'
Pueblos
2. In Arizona - sedentary - near Tucson - very peaceful - farmed. Citizens of Tucson attack their village & kill 85 Tontos (only 8 were men- rest women and children) some of the children were literally torn apart. Called The Camp Grant Massacre. Royal W
Navajos
Hubbell's Trading Post
Tonto Apache
Juan Jose
3. Chief spokesman of the Chiricahua Apache - had been at peace until 1860 accused of raiding a ranch in SE Arizona - really raided by mimbrenos - military pursues Cochise and tries to arrest him but fails - hostilities spread
Kit Carson
Archaic Period
Cochise
pima or papago
4. New apache reservation in Northern Arizona. Indian Agent John Clum sets up Apache police force/most apache move here but not Geronimo and his band. He goes to Mexico & is joined by Victorio and his sister Lozen (healer - warrior - seer of enemies - h
San Carlos - Geronimo
Canyon de Chelley
The Hero Twins
Acoma-Don Juan Onate
5. When settlers moved west across Nevada - Southern Utah - Eastern Colorado - California they encounter the archaic and call them 'diggers' because their culture would dig roots - eat bugs & this did not appeal to the settlers
Diggers
The Hero Twins
Ranchitas
Dodge Family
6. Conducts campaigns against the Navajo - attacks homes in Canyon de Chelley and cuts down their orchards Forces Navajo to remove east - known by Navajo as 'The Long Walk'
Mangas Colorado
Carlton
The Long Walk
Avunculate
7. ...Geronimo and his 24 men come in and lay down their arms there. General Nelson Miles promises them a return to AZ but instead sends them to FL instead
Pawnee Noir
Skeleton Canyon
Apache
Dodge Family
8. The dating of wooden artifacts through tree ring growth
dendro chronology
Kit Carson
Atapakans
Mangas Colorado
9. Indian Agent appointed to SE Arizona Apache res called Apache Pass was a friend of the Apache. Res lasts 5 years but is too close to the Mexico border and the Apache raid across border stealing livestock and returning to sell in US so Govt moves the
Tom Jeffreys
Sororate
Pawnee Noir
Avunculate
10. The sky city - poses fiercest resistance to 1598 Don Juan Onate expedition - brutal invasion by Spanish into Mexico-City sat on hard to reach mesa - they throw boulders down on Spanish - hold out for a long time- finally conquered - severe retributio
Apache
dendro chronology
Pope'
Acoma-Don Juan Onate
11. Hill Country Indians of Central Texas . Small tribes with confusing language roots. Hunter - gatherers - teepee dwellers. Served as Army scouts against the other tribes which caused resentment from them. They were never a very large group and they we
Diggers
Bosque Redondo
Pre Columbian Period
Tonkawas
12. Arctic oriented language - Apache spoke this language - not related to Pueblos - probably the last group to come across - called themselves 'Dene' (the people) but others called them Apache which means stranger/enemy - those who shouldn't be there
Hubbell's Trading Post
Apache
Athabascan
Klamath
13. Supernatural beings who shape the navajo universe - they can help you or hurt you - have to keep on their good side. Leading Holy person-Changing Woman: impregnated by the sun and bears twin boys: The Hero Twins
Juan Jose
Archaic Period
Holy People
Encomienda
14. Indian fighter with respect for Indians 'Humanitarian General'-travels to Mexico & asks Geronimo to come in to San Carlos res and he does. (1884). Then Spring 1885 Geronimo gets drunk & takes followers to Mexico- Crook follows & tries to get him to c
Captain Jack
Wichitas
General George Crook
Tonto Apache
15. Indian people living in 'the golden triangle' area of Texas which was very swampy and not desired by the Spanish so they were left alone. Anglos described them as dirty and greasy. They consumed fish - turtles - seafood - did not farm. Faded away
Tonto Apache
Repartimiento
Robert Neighbors
Atapakans
16. Part of Spanish/Indian policy - a system of labor put upon Indians already living on land made into encomiendas. Work a day or two a week for the landowner & he was obligated to protect you - developed a feudal system
The Spanish Fort
Royal Whitman
Hubbell's Trading Post
Repartimiento
17. Large cliff dwelling adobe houses in Colorado -dwellings were easy to defend -offered protection-provided a safe place for Anasazi - reached by ladders
Mesa Verde
Pawnee Noir
Carlton
dendro chronology
18. Jan - May 1864: about 5 -000 removedNavajo Trail of Tears when Carleton forces Navajo to remove east from NE Arizona to East Central NM to a reservation called Bosque Redondo. Many die in route. were told they could farm but couldn't. Many die and sl
Mother-in-law Taboo
Diggers
Pawnee Noir
The Long Walk
19. Apaches who originally lived in northern NM but moved to NE Arizona to protect their herds. Occupy desert SW - farm and are sedentary
Cibola
Pueblos
Dodge Family
Navajos
20. ...Culture of the desert tradition. 300 bc to 1100 ad. Centered in the Phoenix/Tucson area. Influenced by Mogollon culture. Engineers create network of canals. More complex society. Heavily influenced by Mexico
Diggers
Pope'
Hohokam
Canyon de Chelley
21. Not as flexible as Jesuits - dominant religious order in NM very dedicated - active in spreading gospel but try to make Indians work missions and stamp out Native Americanism as paganism
Pope'
Franciscans
Tonkawas
Athabascan
22. Religious practice of the Caddo Indians. Highly organized. Used burial mounds. Villages were centered around temples
Archaic Period
The Southern Cult
Dodge Family
Tonto Apache
23. Apache leader - led Apaches at Santa Rita del Cobre mine/had truce witht the miners - but are ambushed by miners pretending to host a feast for them to get Apache scalp bounty money. Juan Jose's followers turn to Mangas Colorado after this for his he
Repartimiento
dendro chronology
Juan Jose
Athabascan
24. Small bands occupy Texas Coast & off shore Islands from Galveston to Corpus Christi. Had ties to Northern Mexico. They spoke Coahuiltecan - a language from Mexico. They attacked LaSalle at Galveston. They killed the survivors of the boat 'The Lively'
Juan Jose
Karankawas
Pueblos
Mangas Colorado
25. Legendary 7 cities said to hold great treasure of 7 bishops who fled spain to North America (from the Moors) Fable inspired Coronado to go to the US southwest out of Mexico in search of these lost cities in 1540
Royal Whitman
Archaic Period
Cibola
Cochise
26. When Carlton gained control over the Navajos he forced them to remove from their home land.. to a reservation called Bosque Redondo - it was the forced march of many Navajo to Fort Sumner - New Mexico - where they were imprisoned in 1864.
General Carlton
The Long Walk
General Edward Camby
The Spanish Fort
27. Part of Spanish/Indian policy - large land grants are made to leading military figures - divides territories on Northern borders into land grants to encourage frontier expansion & reward those faithful to the crown
Encomienda
Pawnee Noir
Diggers
Royal Whitman
28. Eastern Arizona headquarters of Navajo - live in Hogans - garden and hunt game - melons and peach orchards
Anasazi
General George Crook
Canyon de Chelley
Pueblos
29. Name means Red Sleeves. A huge man - led mimbreno apache. had been ambushed and flogged in a miner camp in 1851 - scarred for life - this ends a temporary truce between Mimbrenos and miners & leads to Apache attacking throughout the SW. He was also c
Mother-in-law Taboo
Mangas Colorado
Pre Columbian Period
Mescal
30. Speak Penution - live in northeastern CA and are supposed to be living with the Klamaths in Southern Oregon. They leave that reservation however and go to 'the lost river' splitting into two bands - Capt. Jack's and Curly Headed Doctor's - each band
Klamath
Bosque Redondo
Modocs
dendro chronology
31. Between 1850 & 1851 govt agents signed 18 treaties established a big hunk of land to be set aside in the state of CA for Indians.. they were sent to the US for ratification. The senate refuses to ratify them saying that it's way too much land. Finall
Presidios
Kiva
Ranchitas
Franciscans
32. Major language group (of caddos - pawnees - wichitas). A central plain language
Skeleton Canyon
Caddoan
Karankawas
General Edward Camby
33. Head of the half of the band of Modocs - his side was the side which started trouble by stealing cattle but nothing too bad until they were all forced out of the res - CHD - some of his people and Hooker Jim went and raided some barns and killed some
Caddos
Curly Headed Doctors
The Hero Twins
Carlton
34. In Anasazi culture sunken chambers in their plazas for religious activity - for males only
Franciscans
Bosque Redondo
Kiva
Mangas Colorado
35. Sport - played on ball courts. Very similar to basketball Played by hohokam culture.
General Carlton
Navajos
pima or papago
Apache
36. ...Culture of the desert tradition. 300 bc to 1350 ad. Centered in western NM and eastern Arizona. Lived in semi-subterranean houses scattered on ridges. Zunis come out of this culture
Lava Beds
Mogollon
Juan Jose
The Long Walk
37. Head of half the band of the Modocs - He shot and killed the men at the negotiation - including Camby - There was a public execution of him afterwards.
General George Crook
Mescal
Captain Jack
pima or papago
38. Example of traders that arrive in navajo homeland last 2 decades of the 19th century. White men who trade - many marry into navajo families. market navajo materials and create interest in their goods. Most live on reservations in their communities.
Royal Whitman
Dodge Family
Skeleton Canyon
The Fort Sill Apache
39. British Sailor - first to get to California - shows up in SF Bay- shocks Spaniards they think English have found NW passage and so think they had better claim it first and send questionable people to colonize NM
Franciscans
Mogollon
Tonkawas
Sir Frances Drake
40. A man never speaks to his mother-in-law and avoids contacts as much as can. communicates thru his wife
Bosque Redondo
Mother-in-law Taboo
The Southern Cult
Caddos
41. Indians who speak this language and live in south texas brushy area from San Antonio to the Rio Grande. nomadic and hunter gatherers like the desert tradition. Least complex culture of texas. These are the mission indians of Southern Texas who seem t
Coahuiltecans
Skeleton Canyon
The Fort Sill Apache
Sororate
42. Any object transformed in anyway by humans - stone - wood - bone - arrowheads - campfires
Presidios
The Spanish Fort
Artifact
Pueblos
43. Pueblo religious leader from Taos. Travels pueblo to pueblo planning a revolt/ 1600 revolt breaks out early - Spaniards abandon NM-- Pueblos try to go back to old ways. Pope' tries to centralize leadership but Pueblos don't cooperate. Spaniars return
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44. (apache means stranger/enemy but they called themselves 'Dene' for 'the people') Geronimo and his followers become known as this after leaving Florida & being sent to Ft. Sill - OK/ Geronimo dies in early 1900s and after that part of his band stays i
General Nelson Miles
The Fort Sill Apache
Mangas Colorado
Robert Neighbors
45. Replaces General Crook/ very ambitious - wages full blown military campaign that included the Mexican govt - troops - Apache scouts - militia against Geronimo and his 24 men. 1886 Geronimo lays down his arms in Skeleton Canyon. Miles promises him a r
Atapakans
General Nelson Miles
Kiva
Caddoan
46. Traders arrive in navajo homeland last 2 decades of the 19th century. they set up this trading post. Traders help navajo prosper in selling their goods. Traders marry into Navajo families
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47. Dark complected Wichita Indian - Coronado thinks is a Moor who can lead him to the 7 cities of Cibola - takes expedition all the way to Wichita KS - finds only grass houses & kills Pawnee Noir - exposes Pueblos to Spaniards - Pueblos start acquiring
Caddoan
Juan Jose
Pawnee Noir
Artifact
48. A time before European influence in the Americas/20 -000 years or more/ american sw desert very dry and artifacts last indefinitely so there is an abundance
Royal Whitman
Tom Jeffreys
Canyon de Chelley
Pre Columbian Period
49. He was over indian affairs in that region - tried to get the modocs a new reservation near tule lake by the lost river. 3 miles long 1 mile wide - but he was opposed by the bureau of indian affairs. he told by the govt to supply troops to move them b
Pueblos
Pre Columbian Period
General Edward Camby
Bosque Redondo
50. Campaign against the Navajos destroying sheep herds and homes. Many Navajos surrendered and thousands relocated to Bosque reservation in NM at Fort Sumner to protect NM ppl from raids. Confined to barren land encountered malnutrition - disease - bad
Bosque Redondo
Hohokam
General Nelson Miles
Pre Columbian Period
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