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AP Government

Subjects : civics, ap
Instructions:
  • Answer 50 questions in 15 minutes.
  • If you are not ready to take this test, you can study here.
  • Match each statement with the correct term.
  • Don't refresh. All questions and answers are randomly picked and ordered every time you load a test.

This is a study tool. The 3 wrong answers for each question are randomly chosen from answers to other questions. So, you might find at times the answers obvious, but you will see it re-enforces your understanding as you take the test each time.
1. An economic system characterized by private property - competitive markets - economic incentives - and limited government involvement in the production - distribution - and pricing of goods and services.






2. The system created by Congress in 1913 to establish banking practices and regulate currency in circulation and the amount of credit available. It consists of 12 regional banks supervised by the Board of Governors. Often called simply the Fed.






3. The head of the White House staff.






4. Constitutional arrangement in which sovereign nations or states - by compact - create a central government but carefully limit its power and do not give it direct authority over individuals.






5. State laws formerly pervasive throughout the South requiring public facilities and accommodations to be segregated by race; ruled unconstitutional.






6. A technique of Congress to establish federal regulations. Total preemption rests on the national governments power under the supremacy and commerce clauses to preempt conflicting state and local activity. Building on this constitutional authority - f






7. Views the national government - 50 states - and thousands of local governments as competing with each other over ways to put together packages of services and taxes. Applies the analogy of the marketplace: we have some choice about which state and ci






8. A person who is employed by and acts for an organized interest group or corporation to try to influence policy decisions and positions in the executive and legislative branches.






9. The process by which individuals screen out messages that do not conform to their own biases.






10. Federal laws (starting with the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890) that try to prevent a monopoly from dominating an industry and restraining trade.






11. Congress appropriates a certain sum - which is allocated to state and local units and sometimes to nongovernmental agencies - based on applications from those who wish to participate. Examples are grants by the National Science Foundation to universi






12. Police targeting of racial minorities as potential suspects of criminal activities.






13. Trial or punishment for the same crime by the same government; forbidden by the Constitution.






14. The legislative leader selected by the minority party as spokesperson for the opposition.






15. The right of a federal law or a regulation to preclude enforcement of a state or local law or regulation.






16. A technique of Congress to establish federal regulations. Federal grants may establish certain conditions that extend to all activities supported by federal funds - regardless of their source. The first and most famous of these is Title VI of the 196






17. Authority given by Congress to the Federal bureaucracy to use reasonable judgment in implementing the laws.






18. Statement required by Federal law from all agencies for any project using Federal funds to assess the potential affect of the new construction or development on the environment.






19. A meeting of local party members to choose party officials or candidates for public office and to decide the platform.






20. The process - most notably in families and schools - by which we develop our political attitudes - values - and beliefs.






21. Officer of the Senate selected by the majority party to act as chair in the absence of the vice president.






22. Conceives of federalism as a marble cake in which all levels of government are involved in a variety of issues and programs - rather than a layer cake - or dual federalism - with fixed divisions between layers or levels of government.






23. A writ issued by a magistrate that authorizes the police to search a particular place or person - specifying the place to be searched and the objects to be seized.






24. A legislative practice that assigns the chair of the committee or subcommittee to the member of the majority party with the longest continuous service on the committee.






25. The president's annual statement to Congress and the nation.






26. Theory that opposes governmental interference in economic affairs beyond what is necessary to protect life and property.






27. Presidential staff the agency that serves as a clearinghouse for budgetary requests and management improvements for government agencies.






28. A type of policy that provides benefits to all Americans.






29. Providing automatic increases to compensate for inflation.






30. The total amount of money the Federal government has borrowed to finance deficit spending over the years.






31. A decision made by a higher court such as a circuit court of appeals or the Supreme Court that is binding on all other federal courts.






32. Government policy that attempts to manage the economy by controlling the money supply and thus interest rates.






33. A policy promoting cutbacks in the amount of Federal regulation in specific areas of economic activity.






34. A law that defines crimes against the public order.






35. A judicial system in which the court of law is a neutral arena where two parties argue their differences.






36. A tax graduated so that people with higher incomes pay larger fraction of their income than people with lower incomes.






37. The joint listing of the presidential and vice presidential candidates on the same ballot as required by the Twelfth Amendment.






38. Government policy that attempts to manage the economy by controlling taxing and spending.






39. A local or judicial election in which candidates are not selected or endorsed by political parties and party affiliation is not listed on ballots.






40. A rise in the general price level (and decrease in dollar value) owing to an increase in the volume of money and credit in relation to available goods.






41. An individual who does not to join a group representing his or her interests yet receives the benefit of the group's influence.






42. Government by the people - both directly or indirectly - with free and frequent elections.






43. The distribution of individual preferences or evaluations of a given issue - candidate - or institution within a specific population.






44. An election system in which each party running receives the proportion of legislative seats corresponding to its proportion of the vote.






45. A monopoly that controls goods and services - often in combinations that reduce competition.






46. Denial of export - import - or financial relations with the target country in an effort to change that nation's policies.






47. People who favor national action over action at the state and local levels.






48. Petition that - if signed by majority of the House of Representatives' members - will pry a bill from committee and bring it to the floor for consideration.






49. Programs such as Medicaid and welfare under which applicants must meet eligibility requirements based on need.






50. Compromise agreement by states at the Constitutional Convention for a bicameral legislature with a lower house in which representation would be based on population and an upper house in which each state would have two senators.







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